Article “Industrious Revolution” Revisited: A Variety of Diligence Derived from a Long-Term Local History of Kuta in Kyô-Otagi, a Former County in Japan Satoshi Murayama 1,* and Hiroko Nakamura 2 1 International Consortium for Earth and Development Sciences, Kagawa University, Takamatsu 760-8522, Kagawa, Japan 2 Faculty of Education, Kagawa University, Takamatsu 760-8522, Kagawa, Japan;
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[email protected]; Tel.: +81-87-832-1571 Abstract: Jan de Vries revised Akira Hayami’s original theory of the “Industrious Revolution” to make the idea more applicable to early modern commercialization in Europe, showcasing the development of the rural proletariat and especially the consumer revolution and women’s emancipation on the way toward an “Industrial Revolution.” However, Japanese villages followed a different path from the Western trajectory of the “Industrious Revolution,” which is recognized as the first step to industrialization. This article will explore how a different form of “industriousness” developed in Japan, covering medieval, early modern, and modern times. It will first describe why the communal village system was established in Japan and how this unique institution, the self-reliance system of a village, affected commercialization and industrialization and was sustained until modern times. Then, the local history of Kuta Village in Kyô-Otagi, a former county located close to Kyoto, is considered over the long term, from medieval through modern times. Kuta was not directly affected Citation: Murayama, S.; Nakamura, by the siting of new industrial production bases and the changes brought to villages located nearer H. “Industrious Revolution” to Kyoto. A variety of diligent interactions with living spaces is introduced to demonstrate that the Revisited: A Variety of Diligence Derived from a Long-Term Local industriousness of local women was characterized by conscience-driven perseverance.