Habitat Assessment

Airway Community Care 3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, CA

March 13, 2015

Prepared for Ms. Carey Algaze Pacifica Companies 1775 Hancock Street, Suite 200 San Diego, CA 92110

Prepared by Wildlife Research Associates 1119 Burbank Avenue Santa Rosa, CA 95407 707-544-6273

And

Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting 2893A Scotts Right of Way Sebastopol, CA 95472 707-824-1463 Habitat Assessment Airway Community Care 3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUMMARY ...... iv INTRODUCTION...... 1 Site Location ...... 2 METHODS ...... 3 EXISTING CONDITIONS ...... 4 Wetlands and Waters of the U.S. and State ...... 4 Vegetation Communities ...... 5 Wildlife Habitats ...... 6 Movement Corridors ...... 7 SPECIAL-STATUS BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ...... 8 Special-status Vegetation Communities ...... 8 Special-status Plant Species ...... 9 Special-status Animal Species ...... 9 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 13 Wetlands and Waters of the U.S and State: ...... 13 Special-Status Plants ...... 16 Vegetation Community ...... 16 Tree Removal ...... 17 Wildlife Movement Corridors ...... 19 Birds ...... 19 Roosting Bats ...... 19 REFERENCES ...... 21

LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE PAGE

1 Regional Project Vicinity ...... 24 2 Northern parcel looking south ...... 25 3 Northern parcel looking west along northern tributary to Piner Creek ...... 25 4 Snag with nesting birds and potentially roosting bats ...... 26

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Habitat Assessment Airway Community Care 3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d)

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Federal, State and Local Plans, Policies, Regulations and Ordinances 27 B Potentially Occurring Special-Status Plant Species in the Study Area 32 C Potentially Occurring Special-Status Animal Species in the Study Area 38 D Plant Species Observed at the Airway Drive Project Site 41 E Wildlife Species Observed at the Airway Drive Project Site 44

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment iii Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting SUMMARY The Airway Community Care Project, located at 3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive in northwestern Santa Rosa, includes development of the parcel and associated improvements, as depicted on the Construction Drawings (BKF Engineering 2015). Of the 3.9 acre parcel, comprising three parcels, development will occur over the entire 3.9 acres. Two drainages occur on the parcel, Piner Creek in the south and a tributary to Piner Creek in the north. Another channel originally identified as an irrigation ditch occurs in the central portion of the site. The eastern portion of this ditch has developed into a small wetland area. This ditch does not connect directly to Piner Creek as the end of the ditch has a berm that prevents water from flowing into Piner Creek. The emergent wetland area at the eastern end of the ditch is not suitable habitat for any of the three federally listed vernal pool plant species known to occur on the Santa Rosa Plain. Another very small wetland area (0.004 acres) was mapped in the east-central portion of the site not associated with any drainage. This wetland is also not suitable habitat for any of the three federally listed vernal pool plants. Two years of surveys were conducted and no special status plants were observed within the project site.

This Habitat and Site Assessment presents the findings of our review of scientific literature and reports detailing previous studies conducted in the area, and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (CDFW) Natural Diversity Data Base (CNDDB) for reported occurrences of special-status vegetation communities, plants and animals.

Seven vegetation community types occur on the property. Native vegetation types have been classified corresponding to The Manual of California Vegetation Second Edition (Sawyer, et. al. 2009). One of these types, the Elymus triticoides herbaceous alliance or creeping rye grass turfs, is a sensitive natural community with an S3 state ranking indicating that there are 21-100 viable occurrences statewide (CNDDB 2014). Although not ranked as a sensitive natural community by The Manual of California (Sawyer, et. al. 2009), wetland habitats are considered to be sensitive as they are regulated under state and federal laws and regulations. Three wetland habitats have been described for the property which are Typha (angustifolia, domingensis, latifolia) herbaceous alliance or cattail marshes, Eleocharis macrostachya herbaceous alliance or pale spike rush marshes and seasonal wetland.

As part of this Habitat Assessment, we conducted a site visit of all habitats on the site to evaluate the potential for occurrence of 54 special-status plant species and 18 special-status wildlife species. All vegetation and structures were assessed for potentially suitable bird and bat habitat. An initial reconnaissance level survey was conducted on November 15, 2012, which was followed by focused surveys for plants conducted between April and June 2013. A nesting bird survey and a bat habitat assessment were conducted on May 24, 2013. Additional plant surveys were conducted from April to May 2014 as part of the wetland delineation and for vernal pool plants.

Based on the literature review, presence of drainages on site, seasonal periods of bird nesting and bat maternity roosting activity and limitations of the surveys conducted for this assessment, the following are action items to be addressed prior to ground breaking:

 Obtain a Section 404 Nationwide Permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, a 401 Water Quality Certification from the North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and a Section 1600 Streambed Alteration Agreement from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife for work in any of the drainages. Obtain authorization from the Sonoma County water Agency for work in Piner Creek.  Obtain a tree removal permit from the City of Santa Rosa for the removal of trees as per Chapter 17-24 of the City Code.

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment iv Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting  A nesting bird survey should be conducted within one week of the removal of tree nesting habitat, unless removal occurs after August 15 and before March 1, or as identified in the Streambed Alteration Agreement.  A bat habitat assessment should be conducted of all trees that are proposed for removal. This habitat assessment can be conducted at any time of the year and it is recommended that it be conducted several months in advance of tree removal. Removal of trees that provide potentially suitable bat roosting habitat must occur under direct supervision of a bat biologist and occur between March 1 and April 15, or September 1 through October 15, as will be required in a Streambed Alteration Agreement. These time periods are when bats are active and can leave the roost. .

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INTRODUCTION Pacifica Companies contracted with Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting and Wildlife Research Associates to conduct a Habitat Assessment of the 3.9-acre parcel for the proposed Airway Community Care Project. The 3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive parcel (APN: 058-011-013, -003and -014) is located in the northern portion of the City of Santa Rosa, in the central portion of Sonoma County, California. This habitat assessment was conducted to determine the potential for special-status vegetation communities, plant and animal species to occur within the proposed project and to identify the limitations to potential development of the project, such as: a) impacts to wetlands and streams, and, b) habitat removal.

This Habitat Assessment is part of the preliminary analysis of both the existing environment and potential impacts from the proposed project as required under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) for new projects. Federal and state agencies that have purview over biological resources include the following:  U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE),  U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS),  National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS),  California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the  California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW).

The USACE regulates the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the United States. Waters of the U.S. are defined as waters that are hydrologically connected to waters with interstate or foreign commerce, and includes tributaries to any of these waters, and wetlands, which are areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support vegetation typically adapted to life in saturated soil conditions. The USFWS has regulatory authority over federally listed plant and animal species. The NMFS, a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), has regulatory authority over essential fish habitat, which is habitat necessary to maintain sustainable fisheries in the United States. The California RWQCB protects all waters with special responsibility for wetlands, riparian areas, and headwaters. The CDFW has regulatory authority over state listed plants and animals as well as streams and lakes within the State. The Sonoma County Water Agency (SCWA) also has jurisdiction over Piner Creek, which occurs within the project area.

Locally, the City of Santa Rosa City Code Title 17-24 covers tree removal. For development projects such as this one removal of native trees will require a tree removal permit. For this project, heritage trees would include any valley oak (Quercus lobata) 6” dbh or greater, live oak (Quercus agrifolia) 18” dbh or greater; Oregon or white oak (Quercus garryana) 18” dbh or greater; redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) 24” dbh or greater; bay (Umbellularia california) 24” or greater; madrone (Arbutus menziesii) 12” dbh or greater; and big leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum) 24” dbh or greater. No permit is required for the alteration, removal or relocation of Acacia spp., red maple (Acer rubrum), silver maple (Acer saccharinum) , non-native poplar (Populus ssp.), Ailanthus altissima, hawthorn (Crataegus sp.), fruitless mulberry (Morus alba), Ligustrum ssp. Pyracantha ssp., Monterey pine (Pinus radiata), Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa) and fruit and nut trees, except walnut trees. The CDFW Section 1600 Streambed Alteration Agreement requires compensation for the loss of trees with a dbh of 4 inches or greater along the creek bank.

A tree inventory was conducted by Denise Kelly, certified arborist (Kelly 2013). Trees with a dbh of 4 inches or less were removed from the site in 2013 to provide access for an accurate topographic survey of the property. The City of Santa Rosa’s tree removal permit requires that: “For each six inches or fraction thereof of the diameter of a tree which was approved for removal, two trees of the same genus and species as the removed tree (or another species, if approved by the Director), each of a minimum 15-gallon container size, shall be planted on the project site, provided however, that an increased number of smaller size trees of the same genus and species may be planted if approved by the Director, or a fewer number of such trees of a larger size if approved by the Director.” (City of Santa Rosa City Code Title 17, Chapter 17-24).

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 1 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting

A heritage tree is also defined as: A tree or grove of trees so designated by a resolution of the Planning Commission, upon nomination by the Director of Community Development or the Planning Commission and after the holding of a noticed public hearing, having a specific historical or cultural association or value due to its age, species, character, location, height and/or the circumstances of its planting or origin. (City of Santa Rosa City Code Title 17, Chapter 17-24).

A protected tree is defined as: “…any tree, including a heritage tree, designated to be preserved on an approved development plan or as a condition of approval of a tentative map, a tentative parcel map, or other development approval issued by the City.” (City of Santa Rosa City Code Title 17, Chapter 17-24).

Site Location The rectangular-shaped parcel is located in the northwestern portion of the City of Santa Rosa, west of Highway 101 and north of Bicentennial Way. The project site is located within the Piner Creek watershed, as depicted on the City of Santa Rosa's Santa Rosa Creeks West Watershed Map (http://web1.ci.santa- rosa.ca.us/pworks/other/SW/PINER%20B.pdf) (City of Santa Rosa 2011). There are 10 creek reaches within this watershed. Piner Creek flows along the southern portion of the project site, and is considered Reach 2. The headwaters are located in the Fountaingrove neighborhood, which then flow into Fountaingrove Lake, after which Piner Creek drops in elevation and flows under Hwy 101 and the Kohls shopping center. Piner Creek joins Santa Rosa Creek west of Fulton Road, approximately 3.14 air miles southwest of the project site.

A tributary to Piner Creek is located to the north and connects to a water feature that was created on the east side of the Sutter Medical Center, located north of the proposed site. The water feature is fed by a tributary that originates on the north side of Hwy 101. There is a proposed 30- foot creek setback for both of these drainages. Piner Creek south will be realigned approximately 64 feet further south and the 30-foot setback will be maintained for the new channel.

Several native trees including coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) and valley oak (Quercus lobata) along with non-native trees such as American elm (Ulmus americana), winged elm (Ulmus alata) and fruit trees, occur on the parcel. There are also some native coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) trees and non-native red maple (Acer rubrum) trees that have been planted along the northern drainage.

Proposed Project Airway Community Care, comprised of the following addresses, 3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, is located at the north end of Airway Drive, just West of Highway 101, in northern Santa Rosa, CA. The +/- 3.9 acre site is bounded on the east by Airway Drive, to the north and by the tributary to Piner Creek and to the south by Public Storage. There is residential development west of Piner Creek.

The proposed development is a 69,950 square foot, two-story, 90 unit senior community care facility. The entire site will be built out. Proposed site development includes: a) modification of the existing flow of the southern portion of Piner Creek, which will include: i) movement from the current flow-line 64-feet south (as measured from the outlet of the existing stormdrain outfall to the new outfall, and ii) restoration along the re-created banks with native trees and shrubs. iii) A pedestrian bridge crossing the relocated creek at the southwest corner as part of a pedestrian walkway. b) a 20 ft. wide by 895 ft. impervious driveway that circles the property from east to west.

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c) a total of 5,400 sq. ft. of parking d) a total of 1,150 linear foot trail made of concrete that encircles the property; the trail will have vegetated swale filter strips for water quality; e) a total of 2,265 sq. ft. of sidewalk placed on the west side of Airway Drive; f) 470 sq. ft of other waters of the U.S. associated with the irrigation ditch will be filled; and f) 585 sq. ft. of wetland associated with the irrigation ditch and the small wetland, will be also be filled.

METHODS Information on special-status plant species was compiled through a review of the literature and database search. Database searches for known occurrences of special-status species focused on the Santa Rosa, Healdsburg, Mark West, and Sebastopol U.S. Geologic Service 7.5-minute topographic quadrangles, which provided a five mile radius around the proposed project area. The following sources were reviewed to determine which special-status plant and wildlife species have been documented in the vicinity of the project site:  U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) quadrangle species lists (USFWS 2014)  USFWS list of special-status animals for Sonoma County (USFWS 2014)  California Natural Diversity Database records (CNDDB) (CDFW 2014)  California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (CDFW) Special Animals List (CDFW 2014),  State and Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Animals of California (CDFW 2014)  California Native Plant Society (CNPS) Electronic Inventory records (CNPS 2014)  California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) publication “California’s Wildlife, Volumes I-III” (Zeiner, et al., 1990)

Botanical nomenclature used in this report conforms to Baldwin, et al. (2012) for plants and to Sawyer et al. (2009) for vegetation communities. Nomenclature for special-status animal species conforms to CDFW (2014). We also reviewed the CalFish IMAPS Viewer (www.calfish.org/DataandMaps/CalFishGeographicData), developed by CDFW Biogeographic Branch for analysis of steelhead along Piner Creek.

Wetland Delineation: A formal delineation of potential Section 404 waters of the United States and potential wetlands (as a subcategory of waters) was conducted for the site on April 23 and May 12, 2014 by Jane Valerius (Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting 2014). The analysis of potential U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) jurisdictional waters, including wetlands, is based on visual observations and the expertise of the botanist/wetland ecologist reviewing the project study area as well as guidelines provided in the Corps’ Wetlands Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and the Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West Region (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (2008). The delineation was verified by the Corps in a site visit dated June 25, 2014.

Site Survey: Trish Tatarian and Greg Tatarian, Wildlife Research Associates, conducted a nesting bird survey and a bat habitat assessment of the trees and buildings on the site May 24, 2013, between the hours of 0830 and 1130, with follow-up surveys on June 17, 20 and 26 for nesting birds. Jane Valerius conducted seasonal plant surveys on November 15, 2013, April 17, and May 15, 2013. Additional site visits were conducted on July 23, and August 3, 2013 with representatives from the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), and Corps on April 23 and May 12, and June 25, 2014, respectively. Plant surveys were conducted during these site visits.

The project area was evaluated for suitable bird nesting habitat using 8 x 42 roof-prism binoculars, noting presence of old bird nests. The reconnaissance-level site visit was intended only as an evaluation of on-site and adjacent habitat types; no special-status species surveys were conducted as part of this effort as winter is not a time of year in which surveys for nesting birds are valid.

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Several buildings were located on the site in 2013. However, these were removed after conducting a bat site assessment and confirmation that no roosting bats were present.

All trees were assessed in 2013 for suitable potential habitat for colonial bat species, consisting of cavities, crevices and exfoliating bark. Additionally, foliage habitat suitable for use by obligate tree-roosting, solitary bat species was also assessed. The assessment was conducted using 10 x 42 roof-prism binoculars, with a 400,000 candlepower spotlight for illuminating potential roost features from the ground. Presence/absence surveys were not conducted.

EXISTING CONDITIONS The project area is located within the San Francisco Bay Coastal Bioregion (Welsh 1994). This bioregion is located within central California and encompasses the San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento Delta, extending from the Pacific Ocean to the eastern portion of the tule marsh zone, which is defined by Highway 99 (Welsh 1994). Habitats within this bioregion include both mesic (moist) habitats, such as freshwater marsh, and xeric (dry) habitats, such as chaparral, and are typical of a Mediterranean type climate.

The proposed project site is located within the northwestern portion of the Santa Rosa topographic quadrangle. This unsectioned portion is within the San Miguel Rancheria. Topographically, the project site is located on a predominantly south- and east-facing slope of Sonoma Creek, elevation between 229 feet and 223 feet.

Wetlands and Waters of the U.S. and State The project site is located within the Piner Creek watershed, as depicted on the City of Santa Rosa's Santa Rosa Creeks West Watershed Map (http://ci.santa- rosa.ca.us/departments/utilities/stormwatercreeks/creeks/Pages/CCMPDocument.aspx ) (City of Santa Rosa 2013). There are 10 creek reaches within this watershed. Situated north-northeast of the project site, the headwaters are located in the Fountaingrove neighborhood, which then flow west into Fountaingrove Lake, after which Piner Creek drops in elevation and flows under Hwy 101 and the Kohls shopping center. Piner Creek flows from northeast to southwest across the project site and joins Santa Rosa Creek west of Fulton Road, approximately 3.14 air miles southwest of the project site and then flows into mark West Creek and then into the Russian River.

Within the project area, Piner Creek flows along the southern portion of the project site and is within Reach 2 of Piner Creek watershed (City of Santa Rosa 2013). Piner Creek is a seasonal creek that is dry during the dry season and only flows in response to rainfall events. East of the project site and Airway Drive, Piner Creek is culverted under the parking lot of a shopping center and Hwy 101, a distance of approximately 900 feet. East of HWY 101 the channel is covered in riparian habitat with a fairly dense canopy cover.

A tributary to Piner Creek is located on the north side of the parcel, and connects to a water feature that was created on the east side of the Sutter Medical Center, located north of the proposed site. The water feature is fed by a tributary that originates on the north side of Hwy 101. This portion of Piner Creek stays wet throughout most of the year as evidenced by the presence of obligate wetland vegetation such as cattails (Typha latifolia).There is a proposed 30- foot creek setback for this northern drainage.

A ditch like feature which has been labeled on previous maps as an irrigation ditch occurs in the central portion of the project area (BKF Engineering 2012). This ditch is blocked from connecting to Piner Creek by a berm. However, in 2014, this ditch was re-identified on the City of Santa Rosa's Santa Rosa Creeks West Watershed Map (http://ci.santa- rosa.ca.us/departments/utilities/stormwatercreeks/creeks/Pages/CCMPDocument.aspx ) (City of Santa Rosa 2014) as a portion of Piner Creek. Upon field review it can be seen that this feature is not a true creek channel and therefore we have kept the designation for this feature as a ditch. The ditch fills with water during the rainy season and some sparse emergent wetland vegetation has developed in this area. This emergent wetland area is not considered to be suitable potential habitat for any vernal pool plants and the

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 4 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting species observed within this wetland type are not associated with vernal pools. Plant species associated with this wetland area are spike rush (Eleocharis macrostachya), water plantain (Alisma trivale), iris-leaved rush (Juncus xiphioides), and spreading rush (Juncus patens).

The two drainages on the property qualify as waters of the U.S., as defined by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and also as waters of the State. The north tributary to Piner Creek and the irrigation ditch drainage also support wetland vegetation, and therefore, also qualify as wetlands. One small 180 square foot (0.004 acre) wetland was also map during the June 25, 2014 site visit with the Corps and was added to the wetland delineation map. This is a small ruderal seasonal wetland with sparse vegetation. The main wetland species noted was hyssop loosestrife (Lythrum hyssopifolia).

Vegetation Communities Quercus agrifolia woodland alliance or Coast live oak woodland: Coast live oaks dominate the vegetation along Piner Creek and in the central portion of the property. Other trees associated with this alliance include valley oak (Quercus lobata), Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana), and madrone (Arbutus menziesii). Vegetation along Piner Creek in the southern portion of the property is dominated by American elm (Ulmus Americana) along which is a non-native and apparently invasive species on the site. Other tree and shrub species along Piner Creek include arroyo willow (Salix lasiolepis), Oregon ash (Fraxinus latifolia), box elder (Acer negundo) and Northern California black walnut (Juglans hindsii). Understory shrubs and herbs include blue elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea), poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus), California figwort (Scrophularia californica) and giant horsetail (Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii). Giant reed (Arundo donax) and jubata grass (Cortaderia jubata) also occur along south Piner Creek. Giant reed and jubata grass are highly invasive and noxious weeds and their removal would be a benefit to surrounding natural communities.

Typha (angustifolia, domingensis, latifolia) herbaceous alliance or cattail marshes: The north Piner Creek tributary has planted coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and red maple (Acer rubrum) along the top of bank but vegetation within the creek is dominated by obligate wetland plants including cattails (Typha spp.), common tule (Schoenoplectus acutus), water plantain (Alisma plantago-aquatica), and rice cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides). The portion of the creek within the property qualifies as both a waters of the U.S. and State and a jurisdictional wetland since it is dominated by wetland vegetation.

Eleocharis macrostachya herbaceous alliance or pale spike rush marsh: The irrigation ditch is sparsely vegetated but there is some wetland vegetation within the eastern half of the ditch and along the banks. A total of 405 square feet of wetland was delineated for this feature. Vegetation in the channel includes pale spike rush (Eleocharis macrostachya), spreading rush (Juncus patens), water plantain (Alisma trivale), and iris-leaved rush (Juncus xiphoides). California fescue (Festuca californica), a native grass species, and non- native white garlic (Allium neapolitanum) and giant reed grow along the ditch banks. This alliance is considered to be an emergent wetland type and is not considered to be suitable habitat for any of the vernal pool plants known to occur on the Santa Rosa Plain. In addition, no vernal pool plant species were observed during special status plant surveys conducted in April to May 2013 and the delineation surveys conducted in April to May 2014.

Seasonal Wetland. A small 180 sq. ft seasonal wetland with a sparse cover of hyssop loosestrife was mapped in the east-central portion of the site during the June 25, 2014 site visit with the Corps. This small wetland area occurs at the base of the bermed north area and appears to collect sufficient water to support a sparse cover of wetland plants and develop hydric soils.

Avena (barbata, fatua) Semi-Natural Herbaceous Stands or Wild oat grasslands: Non-native grassland is the main grassland type in the property study area. This type is best classified as wild oat grasslands as wild oats (Avena barbata, A. fatua) are the dominant grass species. Other grass species typical of this vegetation type include non-native grasses such as wild oats, ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus), soft chess (Bromus hordeaceus), rescue grass (Bromus catharticus), weedy brome (Bromus alopecuros), Harding grass (Phalaris

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 5 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting aquatica), Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), Dallis grass (Paspalum dilitatum), hare barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum), Mediterranean barley (Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum), rye grass (Festuca perennis), six weeks fescue (Festuca bromoides) and rattail fescue (Festuca myuros). Non-native and weedy forb species associated with this type include wild radish (Raphanus sativus), Italian thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus), black mustard (Brassica nigra), English plantain (Plantago lanceolata), cut-leaf geranium (Geranium dissectum), fennel (foeniculum vulgare), bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), and hedge nettle (Torilis arvensis).

Elymus triticoides herbaceous alliance or creeping rye grass turfs: This native grassland type occurs in the central property on the north side of the irrigation ditch. This is a relatively small area compared to the rest of the site; however, it meets the membership rules outlined in The Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer, et. al 2009) with 50 percent relative cover. This vegetation type has a S3 rarity ranking. A S3 ranking means that there are 21 to 100 viable occurrences world and statewide and/or more than 2,590 to 12,950 hectares. Plant communities with an S1 to S3 ranking are considered to be sensitive natural communities. Lead and trustee agencies may request that impacts to these communities be addressed in environmental documents.

Landscaped plantings: Landscape plantings occur in the central portion of the site where a residence had previously been located. The residence and out-buildings were removed in 2013. Landscape plantings include a wide variety of planted trees, shrubs and herbs including blackwood acacia (Acacia melanoxylon), Monterey pine (Pinus radiata), winged elm (Ulmus alata), American elm (Ulmus americana), bear’s breech (Acanthus mollis), century plant (Agave americana variegata), prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica), Dr. Huey rose (Rosa wichurana), mimosa (Albizia julibrissin), naked ladies (Amarylis belladonna), asparagus (Asparagus crispus, A. officinialis), bottlebrush (Callistemon citrinus), Chinese hackberry (Celtis sinensis), violet trumpet vine (Clytostoma callistegioides), Francheti cotoneaster (Cotoneaster franchetti), several species of privet (Ligustrum lucidum, L. japonicum texanum, L. ovalifolium), and various fruit trees such as cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera), peach (Prunus persica), dwarf pomegranate (Punica granatum nana), fig (Ficus carica), lemon (Citrus limon) and mulberry (Morus rubra).

A tree survey was conducted by Denise Kelly, certified arborist, and a report completed in August 2013 (Kelly 2013). All trees greater than 4 inches diameter at breast height (dbh) were tagged and identified for the tree inventory report. The tree survey was updated in 2015 by Denise Kelly to further review the health of two of the large mature oaks on the site.

Wildlife Habitats The value of a site to wildlife is influenced by a combination of the physical and biological features of the immediate environment. Species diversity is a function of diversity of abiotic and biotic conditions and is greatly affected by human use of the land. The wildlife habitat quality of an area, therefore, is ultimately determined by the type, size, and diversity of vegetation communities present and their degree of disturbance. Wildlife habitats are typically distinguished by vegetation type, with varying combinations of plant species providing different resources for use by wildlife. The following is a discussion of the wildlife species supported by the on-site habitats, as described by A Guide to Wildlife Habitats of California (Mayer and Laudenslayer 1988).

Valley-Foothill Riparian. This habitat occurs along Piner Creek but does not support the typical insect diversity attractive to a variety of migratory birds. The aquatic habitat of Piner Creek in the project site was dry at the time of the survey. It is unlikely that amphibians use this habitat other than to move out of the tributary to Piner Creek. Although Santa Rosa Creek supports a variety of fish species, this is approximately 3.57 miles of creek channel west of Piner Creek at the project site (Sonoma County Water Agency 2002). Summer water temperatures in this reach of Piner Creek appear to be unsuitable for fish rearing.

On the project site, water was present in the northern tributary to Piner Creek, at a depth of between 2-10 inches. Emergent vegetation may provide nesting habitat for red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus)

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 6 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting and song sparrows (Melospiza melodia). Species observed within these habitats at the time of the 2013 survey include wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), cedar waxwing (Bombycilla cendrodum), western scrub jay (Aphelocoma californica), California towhee (Melozone crissalis), American robin (Turdus migratorius) and house finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), among others (Appendix E). The vegetation present on the site provides potential nesting habitat for these and other passerines (perching birds). Signs of other animals include raccoon (Procyon lotor).

Grasslands: Grassland habitat, including native and non-native grasslands, provides both primary habitat, such as nesting and foraging, and secondary habitat, such as a movement corridor. Small species using this habitat as primary habitat include reptiles and amphibians, such as southern alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus multicarinatus), western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis), and Pacific slender salamander (Batrachoseps attenuatus), which feed on invertebrates found within and beneath vegetation and boulders within the vegetation community. This habitat also attracts seed-eating and insect-eating species of birds and mammals. Signs of wildlife using the undisturbed grasslands on the northern parcel include Botta’s pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae), striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) and raccoon (Procyon lotor). Wild turkey laid their eggs and hatched out 10 young of the year by the time the survey was conducted.

Trees. Bats that use trees fall into three categories; 1) solitary, obligate tree-roosting bats that roost in the foliage or bark such as Western red-bat (Lasiurus blossevillii), a California Species of Special Concern (SSC) species, or hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus); 2) frequent tree-roosting bats that form colonies of varying size in tree cavities, such as silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagens), and 3) more versatile bat species that will use a wide variety of roosts from buildings to bridges to trees, such as various Myotis species, pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus), another SSC species, and others. Solitary-roosting bats consist either of single males or females either alone or with young. Colonial-roosting bats form maternity colonies in tree cavities or crevices, whereas with man-made structures, young are left behind while females forage, then return to nurse their young. Greater impacts can occur as a result of removal of trees that support cavity-roosting bat species than those that provide habitat for solitary foliage-roosting species.

Movement Corridors Wildlife movement includes migration (i.e., usually one way per season), inter-population movement (i.e., long-term genetic flow) and small travel pathways (i.e., daily movement corridors within an animal’s territory). While small travel pathways usually facilitate movement for daily home range activities such as foraging or escape from predators, they also provide connection between outlying populations and the main corridor, permitting an increase in gene flow among populations.

These linkages among habitat types can extend for miles between primary habitat areas and occur on a large scale throughout California. Habitat linkages facilitate movement among populations located in discrete areas and populations located within larger habitat areas. The mosaic of habitats found within a large-scale landscape results in wildlife populations that consist of discrete sub-populations comprising a large single population, which is often referred to as a meta-population. Even where patches of pristine habitat are fragmented, such as occurs with coastal scrub, the movement between wildlife populations is facilitated through habitat linkages, migration corridors and movement corridors. Depending on the condition of the corridor, genetic flow between populations may be high in frequency, thus allowing high genetic diversity within the population, or may be low in frequency. Potentially low frequency genetic flow may lead to complete isolation, and if pressures are strong, potential extinction (McCullough 1996; Whittaker 1998).

Wildlife connectivity of this site to other open lands in the area occurs along the northern tributary to Piner Creek based on the presence of water and the connectivity to open lands north of HWY 101. Wildlife likely move along the northern tributary to Piner Creek and along Piner Creek after the confluence with the northern tributary, based on the water flow and the vegetation. The creek provides cover from predators while these movements are being made. Piner Creek is not considered a movement corridor for wildlife because it ends at Airway Drive. A culvert of more than 900 feet in length, which encompasses Piner Creek

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 7 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting between the east side of HWY 101 and the project site, is unlikely to act as a movement corridor because smaller animals do not have the light from the end of the tunnel to be directed to.

SPECIAL-STATUS BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES Certain vegetation communities, and plant and animal species are designated as having special-status based on their overall rarity, endangerment, restricted distribution, and/or unique habitat requirements. In general, special-status is a combination of these factors that leads to the designation of a species as sensitive. The Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) outlines the procedures whereby species are listed as endangered or threatened and established a program for the conservation of such species and the habitats in which they occur. The California Endangered Species Act (CESA) amends the California Fish and Wildlife Code to protect species deemed to be locally endangered and essentially expands the number of species protected under the FESA.

Special-status Vegetation Communities Sensitive natural communities are those that are considered rare in the region, may support special-status plant or wildlife species, or may receive regulatory protection (i.e., through Section 404 of the Clean Water Act [CWA] and/or Sections 1600 et seq. of the California Fish and Wildlife Code). Please refer to Appendix A for detailed descriptions of waters and wetlands. In addition, sensitive natural communities include plant communities that have been identified as having highest inventory priority in the California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). The second edition of A Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer, et al. 2009) also provides the rarity ranking status of these communities.

One native grassland type Elymus triticoides herbaceous alliance or creeping rye grass turfs, occurs on the property on the north side of the irrigation ditch in the central portion of the property. This is a relatively small area compared to the rest of the site however it is meets the membership rules outlined in The Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer et. al 2009) with 50 percent relative cover. This vegetation type has a S3 rarity ranking. A S3 ranking means that there are 21 to 100 viable occurrences world and statewide and/or more than 2,590 to 12,950 hectares. Plant communities with an S1 to S3 ranking are considered to be sensitive natural communities. Lead and trustee agencies may request that impacts to these communities be addressed in environmental documents.

Within the study area, Piner Creek, which includes the north and south drainages in the project study area was identified as having a bed and bank with an ordinary high water mark. Piner Creek is identified as blue- line drainage on the Santa Rosa USGS topographic quadrangle; however, only the northern tributary to Piner Creek is perennial. This creek flows into the Russian River via Santa Rosa Creek which is a navigable waters of the U.S. as it flows into the Pacific Ocean. The north and south portions of Piner Creek in the project study area qualify as waters of the U.S. and would come under the jurisdiction and permitting authority of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) and California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). Piner Creek is also maintained by the Sonoma County Water Agency and also comes under their jurisdiction regarding any work in this creek.

The northern portion of Piner Creek and the central irrigation ditch also support wetland vegetation along with a small wetland area in the east-central portion of the site. Wetlands by definition are considered to be sensitive community types because they support a variety of wildlife species and provide other functions and values such as sediment and toxicant reduction. Wetlands also fall under the permitting authority of the Corps and RWQCB. CDFW has jurisdiction over the bed and banks of creeks, including any wetlands within the creek channel and any riparian vegetation along the top of bank.

The project site falls within the area known as the Santa Rosa Plain. The 405 square feet of emergent wetland associated with the irrigation ditch does not support the type of habitat associated with vernal pool plant species and is not considered to be habitat for vernal pool plants. The small 180 square foot wetland in the east-central portion of the site also does not provide habitat for any of the vernal pool plants. Surveys were conducted in April and May 2013 and 2014 and no vernal pool plants were observed. In addition, the 3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 8 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting soils on the site are primarily Zamora silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, which is not a hydric soil type. This soil type consists of well-drained clay loams that were formed in recent alluvium from mixed sedimentary sources and there was no clay pan or hard pan observed.

Special-status Plant Species Special-status plant species are those species that are legally protected under the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA) and/or the California Endangered Species Act (CESA) as listed or proposed for listing as threatened or endangered, as well as species that are considered rare by the scientific community. For example, the California Native Plant Society (CNPS) has identified some species as List 1 or 2 species and may be considered rare or endangered pursuant to Section 15380(b) of the State CEQA Guidelines. The CDFW has compiled a list of "Special Plants" (CDFW 2014), which include California Special Concern species. These designations are given to those plant species whose vegetation communities are seriously threatened. Although these species may be abundant elsewhere they are considered to be at some risk of extinction in California. Although Special Concern species are afforded no official legal status under FESA or CESA, they may receive special consideration during the planning stages of certain development projects and adverse impacts may be deemed significant under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

A total of 54 special-status plant species have been reported occurring on the four topographic quadrangles (CNDDB 2014). Please refer to Appendix B for a list of these species and their potential for occurrence. Special status plant surveys were conducted for the property on April 17 and May 15, 2013 with an initial reconnaissance level survey conducted on November 15, 2012. Additional incidental plant observations were made during the delineation site visits on April 23 and May 12, 2014. Many species were considered to have no potential to occur either because these species are restricted to areas with serpentinite, volcanic, rocky, sandy or clay soils and these substrates are lacking within the study area, or the species occurs in habitats not present within the study area such as chaparral, lower montane coniferous forest, closed-cone coniferous forest, North Coast coniferous forest, bogs and fens, marshes and swamps, coastal bluff scrub, coastal prairie, coastal scrub and vernal pools. No special-status plants were noted during the site visit based on protocol level surveys conducted in 2013 and 2014.

Special-status Animal Species Special-status animal species include those listed by the USFWS (2014) and the CDFW (2014). The USFWS officially lists species as either Threatened or Endangered, and as candidates for listing. Additional species receive federal protection under the Bald Eagle Protection Act (e.g., bald eagle, golden eagle), the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), and state protection under CEQA Section 15380(d). In addition, many other species are considered by the CDFW to be species of special concern; these are listed in Remsen (1978), Williams (1986), and Jennings and Hayes (1994). Although such species are afforded no official legal status, they may receive special consideration during the planning and CEQA review stages of certain development projects. The CDFW further classifies some species under the following categories: "fully protected", "protected fur-bearer", "protected amphibian", and "protected reptile". The designation "protected" indicates that a species may not be taken or possessed except under special permit from the CDFW; "fully protected" indicates that a species can be taken for scientific purposes by permit only.

Of the 17 special-status animal species identified as potentially occurring in the vicinity of the project area, including a 3 mile radius (CNDDB 2014), several additional species were evaluated for their potential to occur within the study area, based on: 1) review of the CNDDB, 2) the "Special Animals" list (CDFW 2014) that includes those wildlife species whose breeding populations are in serious decline, and 3) the habitat present on site. See Appendix C for a list of the 18 species evaluated.

Several of these species are prominent in today’s regulatory environment and are discussed below. This document does not address impacts to species that may occur in the region but for which no habitat occurs on site.

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California freshwater shrimp (Syncaris pacifica), listed as Endangered by the CDFG in 1980, and by the USFWS in 1988. A Recovery Plan was created in 1998 (USFWS 1998). This species occurs in slow moving freshwater streams in Marin, Sonoma and Napa counties, California. California freshwater shrimp have evolved to survive a broad range of stream and water temperature conditions characteristic of small, perennial coastal streams. They have been found only in low-elevation (less than 53-foot) and low-gradient (generally less than 1 percent), 12 to 36 inches in depth, exposed live roots of trees, such as alder and willow, undercut banks greater than 6 inches, and overhanging woody debris or stream vegetation and vines (USFWS 1989).

Project Area Occurrence: No reports of this species occur within three miles, no with any hydrologic connection (CNDDB 2014). Based on the lack of suitable water depth and undercut banks the creeks and drainages within the study area are unsuitable. No further analysis is required.

Central California Coast steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) is federally listed as Threatened and Critical Habitat has been identified (USFWS 2005). Winter steelhead enter streams from the ocean when rains have increased the stream flows (Moyle 2002). Spawning typically occurs in tributaries to mainstream rivers, after which they return to the ocean. A key characteristic of all breeding streams is cool temperatures, typically between 0 Celsius (winter) and 26-27 C (summer) (Moyle 2002). Higher temperatures may reduce oxygen levels that are not population sustaining. Different size classes require different microhabitats that are defined by depth, water velocity, substrate and cover (Moyle 2002).

Project Area Occurrence: No surveys were conducted for this species as part of this habitat assessment. This species is known to occur within Santa Rosa Creek, more than 3 miles southwest (Sonoma County Water Agency 2002; CDFW 2014) and the Russian River supports Critical Habitat (CDFW 2014). Based on the lack of suitable water depth and undercut banks the creeks and drainages within the study area are unsuitable. No further analysis is required.

California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense) is a federally listed Endangered and State listed Threatened species, with Critical Habitat within the Valley of Santa Rosa.

Project Area Occurrence: The site is located within the range of California tiger salamander, as presented in Enclosure 1 of the Programmatic Biological Opinion (USFWS 2007), but is within the No Effect designation of the Conservation Strategy Study Area. Therefore, the location of the study area precludes the presence of California tiger salamander. No further analysis is required.

California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii) is a federally Threatened species with Critical Habitat in the eastern portion of Santa Rosa. California red-legged frog is typically found in streams, marshes, and ponds, and is generally associated with aquatic habitats with at least two feet of water depth and nearby plant cover. Preferred stream habitats are usually reaches with slow moving water or pools with emergent or overhanging vegetation. Plunge pools or pools created by log jams or root masses are also important habitat features.

Project Area Occurrence: No surveys were conducted for this Habitat Assessment. The site is within the range of the species. However, the site does not support, a) essential aquatic habitat (comprised of breeding and non-breeding habitat with a minimum depth of 20 inches for at least 4 months), b) associated uplands (within 300 feet of suitable aquatic habitat), or c) dispersal habitat connecting two or more essential aquatic habitats that is barrier free. Sonoma County Water Agency conducted protocol California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii) surveys of Piner Creek between HWY 101 and Old Redwood Highway in 2012, with negative results. Therefore, the habitat within the study area is unsuitable for California red-legged frog. No further analysis is required.

Western pond turtle (Emys marmorata) is listed by the CDFW as a California Species of Special Concern. It originally inhabited many of the pacific drainage basins in California (Stebbins 1985). This medium sized turtle ranges in size to just over 8 inches (21cm) with a low carapace that is generally olive, brownish or

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 10 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting blackish (Stebbins 1985, Jennings and Hayes 1994). Primary habitats include permanent water sources such as ponds, streams and rivers. It is often seen basking on logs, mud banks or mats of vegetation, although wild populations are wary and individuals will often plunge for cover after detecting movement from a considerable distance. Although it is an aquatic species with webbed feet, it can move across land in response to fluctuating water level, an apparent adaptation to the variable rainfall and unpredictable flows that occur in many coastal California drainage basins (Rathbun, et al. 1992).

Project Area Occurrence: No surveys were conducted for this species as part of this habitat assessment. This species is not expected to occur within the northern tributary to Piner Creek based on the shallow depth of the creek. This species has been reported occurring in Santa Rosa Creek more than 3 miles west of the project area (CNDDB 2014). No further analysis is required.

Nesting Passerines: As stated previously, passerines, protected under the MBTA and Fish and Wildlife Code 3503, have potential to nest within the proposed project area. Passerines (perching birds) observed potentially nesting in the trees on site include California quail, Anna’s hummingbird, downy woodpecker (Picoides pubescens), Bewick’s wren (Thryomanes bewickii), bushtit (Psaltriparus minimus) and oak titmouse (Baeolophus inornatus). As early as February, passerines begin courtship and once paired, they begin nest building, often around the beginning of March. Nest structures vary in shapes, sizes and composition and can include stick nests, mud nests, matted reeds and cavity nests. For example, black phoebes may build a stick nest under the eaves of a building. Song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) were exhibiting territorial calls in the Typha in the northern tributary. Depending on environmental conditions, young birds may fledge from the nest as early as May and, if the prey base is large, the adults may lay a second clutch of eggs.

Project Area Occurrence: Surveys were conducted for these species as part of this habitat assessment. Several species were observed nesting on the site, and three trees were identified as occupied for nesting birds. We marked these B-a, B-b and B-c, using fluorescent flagging tape on adjacent lower vegetation for B- b (the trunk was inaccessible), a snag that was not previously marked with a metal tag. We also marked two trees that were previously marked with metal tags; #39 – an oak, marked B-a, with fluorescent paint, and #75 – an alder, marked B-c with fluorescent paint. Please refer to the Impacts and Mitigation Measures for details on avoidance measures of these nesting bird species.

Nesting Raptors: Like passerines, raptors (birds of prey), such as red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter lineatus), northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), are protected under the Federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Fish and Wildlife Code 3503.5

General Ecology and Distribution: Raptors nest in a variety of substrates including, cavities, ledges and stick nests. For example, Cooper's hawks are small bird hunters, hunting on the edges of forests in broken forest and grassland habitats where passerines forage for seeds and insects. Nests occur in heavily forested areas near a water source. Research sites on nesting Cooper's hawks rarely show the nests more than a quarter of a mile away from water, whether it is a cattle tank, stream or seep (Snyder and Snyder 1975). Trees typically used by Cooper's hawks include coast live oaks, cottonwoods, and black oaks (Call 1978), as well as second growth conifer stands or deciduous riparian areas. In general, the breeding season for raptors occurs in late March through June, depending on the climate, with young fledging by early August.

Project Area Occurrence: Nesting bird surveys were conducted as part of this habitat assessment. One nest was observed from a previous year but was unoccupied at the time of the May survey. If it were occupied, individuals would have been detected. There is a slight chance that individuals may move onto the site after the May survey. Please refer to the Impacts and Mitigation Measures for details on avoidance measures of these nesting bird species.

Roosting bats – including pallid bat, Townsend’s big-eared bat, and western red bat,

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Status: California Species of Concern, as well as Fish and Wildlife Code Sections 86, 2000, 2014, 3007, Title 14, Sections 15380, 15382.

General Ecology and Distribution: Bats in this region of California are not active year-round. During the maternity season, non-volant young of colonial bats remain in the roost until late summer (end of August), after which they may disperse from the natal roost or remain into or throughout the winter. Obligate tree- roosting bat species, and to some extent, colonial bats, may switch tree roosts frequently, particularly after young are volant, but are sometimes faithful for longer periods (weeks). During winter months, bats typically enter torpor, rousing only occasionally to drink water or opportunistically feed on insects. The onset of torpor is dependent upon environmental conditions, primarily temperature and rainfall. To prevent direct mortality of either non-volant young or torpid bats during winter months, roosts must not be disturbed or destroyed until bats are seasonally active, and only after they have been provide a means of escape from the roost.

Pallid bats are eclectic in their roosting habitat selection, and to some extent distribution, and can be found in crevices and small cavities in rock outcrops, tree hollows, mines, caves, and a wide variety of man-made structures such as buildings, bridges and culverts, generally in lower to mid-elevation sites. This species forms maternity colonies, composed of dozens to sometimes hundreds of females and their young, and smaller bachelor colonies composed of males and not-yet reproductive females.

Western red bats have a broad, but disjunct, distribution throughout the state, and a wide range of elevations. Reproductive females are more common in the inland portions of the state than the Bay Area, where males are more common during the summer months. This is a foliage-roosting species typically associated with large-leaf trees, such as willows, cottonwoods, and sycamores, and is often found near riparian zones. Western red bats are typically solitary, however females give birth to two to five young, which is atypical compared to other bat species.

Project Area Occurrence: Trees: Although previously surveyed more than 12 months ago, the dynamic nature of roosting bats and their habitats require a habitat assessment every 6 months. As a result, all trees on the site need to be re-assessed for their potential to support roosting bats. Pallid bats could roost in those trees with cavities, crevices and/or exfoliating bark; these could also support non-CSC bats such as hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus), an obligate tree-roosting species, and Myotis species. In addition, western red bats could potentially roost in the foliage of larger mature trees throughout the project site.

Please refer to the Impacts and Mitigation Measures for details on avoidance measures of roosting bats in trees on this site.

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IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES This section summarizes the potential temporary biological impacts from construction activities within the study area. The analysis of these impacts is based on a single reconnaissance-level survey of the study area, a review of existing databases and literature, and personal professional experience with biological resources of the region.

CEQA Guidelines Sections 15206 and 15380 were used to determine impact significance. Impacts are generally considered less than significant if the habitats and species affected are common and widespread in the region and the state.

A species may be treated as rare or endangered even if it has not been listed under CESA or FESA. Species are designated endangered when it survival and reproduction in the wild are in immediate jeopardy from one or more causes, including loss of habitat, change in habitat, overexploitation, disease or other factors.

For the purposes of this report, three principal components in the evaluation were considered:  Magnitude of the impact (e.g., substantial/not substantial)  Uniqueness of the affected resource (rarity)  Susceptibility of the affected resource to disturbance (sensitivity)

The evaluation of significance must consider the interrelationship of these three components. For example, a relatively small-magnitude impact (e.g., disturbing a nest) to a state or federally listed species would be considered significant because the species is at low population levels and is presumed to be susceptible to disturbance. Conversely, a common habitat such as non-native grassland is not necessarily rare or sensitive to disturbance. Therefore, a much larger magnitude of impact (e.g., removal of extensive vegetation) would be required for it to be considered a significant impact.

Wetlands and Waters of the U.S and State Impacts: Two creek segments are located on the project site, a tributary to Piner Creek in the north, and Piner Creek in the southern portion of the parcel. A third feature, identified originally as an irrigation ditch, occurs in the central portion of the site. Piner Creek falls under the jurisdiction and permitting authority of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), Regional Water Quality Board (RWQCB) and California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). In addition, Piner Creek falls under the maintenance and control of the Sonoma County Water Agency and they would need to be consulted regarding any direct impacts to Piner Creek.

Piner Creek has been altered, realigned and channelized throughout much of its length. Within the project site, Piner Creek and its tributary is either a created channel, like the north section, or channelized, like on the southern portion of the parcel. Despite being channelized, Piner Creek and the tributary to Piner Creek have an established 30-foot setback from the creek. The north tributary would not be impacted by the project.

The current project design proposes to realign the current 383 linear foot Piner Creek approximately 64 feet to the south. The realigned portion would be established with a 30-foot setback. The newly realigned Piner Creek would reestablish the full 383 linear feet of creek channel. The total area within the ordinary high water mark within Piner Creek prior to any development is 0.065 acres (2,850 square feet). The total area from top of bank to top of bank above the ordinary high water mark for Piner Creek is 0.144 acres (6,273 square feet). This makes for a total of 0.209 acres of bed and bank.

The central irrigation ditch is 204 feet long. The Corps has taken jurisdiction over 470 square feet as waters of the U.S. and 405 square feet as wetlands, for a total area of 875 square feet within the bed of the ditch.

Wetlands: Approximately 405 square feet of the irrigation ditch, which qualifies as a wetland due to the presence of wetland vegetation, will be filled as part of the development of the site. Another small 180 square foot wetland area, not associated with any drainage, also occurs on site and will be filled as part of the

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 13 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting development. The project site falls within the area known as the Santa Rosa Plain. The 405 square feet of emergent wetland associated with the irrigation ditch and the 180 square foot wetland does not support the type of habitat associated with vernal pool plant species and is not considered to be habitat for vernal pool plants. Surveys were conducted in April and May 2013 and 2014 and no vernal pool plants were observed. In addition the soils on the site are primarily Zamora silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, which is not a hydric soil type. This soil type consists of well-drained clay loams that were formed in recent alluvium from mixed sedimentary sources and there was no clay pan or hard pan observed. Therefore there will be no impacts to any vernal pool plants or their habitat.

The total area to be impacted including wetlands and waters of the U.S. is 9,998 square feet or 0.23 acres.

Mitigation Measure: A permit will be required from the Corps, RWQCB and CDFW for filling of the irrigation ditch, seasonal wetland and realignment of the southern portion of Piner Creek. In addition, Piner Creek falls under the maintenance and control of the Sonoma County Water Agency and they would need to be consulted regarding any direct impacts to Piner Creek. A wetland mitigation and monitoring plan will be required as part of the permit application that identifies how impacts will be mitigated for the loss of water and wetlands. The federal and state governments have a no net loss of wetland policy and CDFW also requires impacts as a result of any alteration to a bed and/or bank of a stream. Mitigation for impacts to Piner Creek and the wetland areas on site will be compensated for through on-site wetland and riparian creation and restoration or enhancement. . If additional mitigation is required beyond the on-site mitigation measures then the applicant may purchase credits at an approved mitigation bank. The compensation will be in-kind, meaning that the mitigation must be the same type of wetland and stream channel that is being impacted.

The created creek will be wider and have a more meandering channel. The current Piner Creek is a straight, constructed channel. The new, realigned creek channel will be improved by making the channel more natural with some sinuosity, rather than straight, and planting native species within the creek bed, bank and top of bank. The current Piner Creek has a mix of native and non-native species including some highly invasive plants such as Himalayan blackberry, giant reed and American elm. The new channel would be planted with only native trees, shrubs and herbs and would be monitored and maintained to preserve the native species. Additional mitigation will be implemented by planting native trees, shrubs and herbs along the south bank of the tributary to Piner Creek which is currently planted with some redwood trees and non- native red maple. The purpose of the plantings would be to improve the riparian cover for the creek and to improve the water quality by provide shade for aquatic wildlife species. A riparian planting plan has been developed by Don MacNair, landscape architect with MacNair Landscape Architecture, and submitted to the City of Santa Rosa as part of the design review process (MacNair 2014a and 2014b).

The area of Piner Creek from top of bank to top of bank is 9,123 square feet. The area of top of bank to top of bank of the irrigation ditch is 5,180 square feet. This is a total of 14,303 square feet. The area of the proposed (realigned) on-site Piner Creek channel from top of bank to top of bank will be 16,623 square feet. This means that there will be an additional 2,320 square feet of creek channel created as mitigation for the project.

In addition to the recreation of 16,623 square feet of creek channel a total of 54,116 square feet (1.24 acres0 will be planted with a mixture of woody and herbaceous riparian vegetation along the new Piner Creek channel that includes compensation for wetlands. An additional 17,417.6 square feet (0.4 acres) will be planted within the creek set-back for the undisturbed creek channel that forms the northern boundary of the project site. The riparian restoration will be planted with all native plants that will replace the currently predominantly non- native and some highly invasive plants. The total riparian area to be planted for the north and south creek areas is 71,533.6 square feet (1.64 acres).

With the combination of creek channel creation and riparian planting, the design being submitted for your review is adequate compensation and mitigation for any impacts as there will be a no net loss of total acreage of channel.

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Wetlands: The loss of 585 square feet of wetland area from the central irrigation ditch plus small wetland will be replaced with 1,785 square feet of new wetland within the creek bed from toe of slope to toe of slope of the new Piner Creek channel. This is a compensation to loss ratio of 3:1.

The new, realigned Piner Creek channel is designed to be in compliance with the City of Santa Rosa’s General Plan policies as well as guidelines and mitigation measures required by the Corps, RWQCB and CDFW. The following policies form the City of Santa Rosa’s General Plan Open Space Element (OSD) are applicable to this project and have been implemented in the grading and development plan for this project:

OSC-D-8: Restore channelized waterways to a more natural condition which allows for more natural hydraulic functioning, including development of meanders, pools, riffles, and other stream features. Restoration should also allow for growth of riparian vegetation which effectively stabilizes banks, screens pollutants from runoff entering the channel, enhances fisheries, and provides other opportunities for natural habitat restoration.

OSC-D-9: Ensure that construction adjacent to creek channels is sensitive to the natural environment. Ensure that natural topography and vegetation is preserved along the creek and that construction activities do not disrupt or pollute the waterway.

OSC-D-10: Orient development and buildings toward creeks, while providing privacy, security, and an open transition between public and private open spaces.

A mitigation and monitoring plan detailing the plans for the realigned portion of Piner Creek will be required as part of the permit process for the Corps, RWQCB and CDFW. The mitigation and monitoring plan shall include the follow elements:

1. Objectives. A description of the resource type(s) and amount(s) that will be provided, the method of compensation (restoration, establishment, preservation etc.), and how the anticipated functions of the mitigation project will address watershed needs.

2. Site selection. A description of the factors considered during the site selection process. This should include consideration of watershed needs, onsite alternatives where applicable, and practicability of accomplishing ecologically self-sustaining aquatic resource restoration, establishment, enhancement, and/or preservation at the mitigation project site.

3. Site protection instrument. A description of the legal arrangements and instrument including site ownership, that will be used to ensure the long-term protection of the mitigation project site.

4. Baseline information. A description of the ecological characteristics of the proposed mitigation project site. This may include descriptions of historic and existing plant communities, historic and existing hydrology, soil conditions, a map showing the locations of the impact and mitigation site(s) or the geographic coordinates for those site(s), and other characteristics appropriate to the type of resource proposed as compensation. The baseline information should include a delineation of waters of the United States on the proposed mitigation project site.

5. Determination of credits. A description of the number of credits to be provided including a brief explanation of the rationale for this determination.

• For permittee-responsible mitigation, this should include an explanation of how the mitigation project will provide the required compensation for unavoidable impacts to aquatic resources resulting from the permitted activity.

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• For permittees intending to secure credits from an approved mitigation bank or in-lieu fee program, it should include the number and resource type of credits to be secured and how these were determined.

6. Mitigation work plan. Detailed written specifications and work descriptions for the mitigation project, including: the geographic boundaries of the project; construction methods, timing, and sequence; source(s) of water; methods for establishing the desired plant community; plans to control invasive plant species; proposed grading plan; soil management; and erosion control measures. For stream mitigation projects, the mitigation work plan may also include other relevant information, such as planform geometry, channel form (e.g., typical channel cross-sections), watershed size, design discharge, and riparian area plantings.

7. Maintenance plan. A description and schedule of maintenance requirements to ensure the continued viability of the resource once initial construction is completed.

8. Performance standards. Ecologically-based standards that will be used to determine whether the mitigation project is achieving its objectives.

9. Monitoring requirements. A description of parameters monitored to determine whether the mitigation project is on track to meet performance standards and if adaptive management is needed. A schedule for monitoring and reporting monitoring results to the permitting agencies must be included.

10. Long-term management plan. A description of how the mitigation project will be managed after performance standards have been achieved to ensure the long-term sustainability of the resource, including long-term financing mechanisms and the party responsible for long-term management.

11. Adaptive management plan. A management strategy to address unforeseen changes in site conditions or other components of the mitigation project, including the party or parties responsible for implementing adaptive management measures.

12. Financial assurances. A description of financial assurances that will be provided and how they are sufficient to ensure a high level of confidence that the mitigation project will be successfully completed, in accordance with its performance standards.

Special-Status Plants No special status plants were found and none are likely to occur due to the disturbed nature of the project site and lack of presence based on multiple, protocol level plant surveys.

Vegetation Community Impact: One special status or sensitive vegetation type will be impacted by the proposed project: creeping rye grass turfs. This is a relatively small area, approximately 3,000 square feet (sf) or 0.07 acres based on visual observation of this area during plant surveys.

Mitigation Measure: A 2:1 compensation to impacts to the creeping rye grass turfs shall be accomplished through the establishment of approximately 0.14 acres of creeping rye grass turfs along the tributary to Piner Creek which will not be impacted by the proposed project, and along the banks of the realigned Piner Creek. The Riparian Zone Shrub and Ground Cover Planting Plan prepared by Don MacNair (MacNair 2014b) show a total of 6,138 square feet or 0.14 acres of area to be planted with creeping wildrye as compensation for the loss of 0.07 acres. A detailed grassland mitigation plan shall be developed that describes:

1. Amount and location of creeping rye grass turf to be impacted. 2. Site proposed for mitigation. 3. Treatment to the mitigation site for establishing creeping rye grass.

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4. Establishment of creeping rye grass could include seeding and planting of creeping rye grass to replace the non-native grasses and forbs. 5. A five year maintenance and monitoring program that would include weeding, additional seeding and planting if needed to meet the success criteria. 6. The success criteria shall include the establishment of a 2:1 compensation to impact for the vegetation type. The mitigation site must achieve at least 50% relative cover by creeping rye grass to meet the membership rules as identified in The Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer et. al. 2009). 7. Annual reports to CDFW describing the implementation, maintenance and monitoring. The annual reports shall be submitted once per year by December 31st of each year after planting. 8. Long-term management plan. A description of how the mitigation project will be managed after performance standards have been achieved to ensure the long-term sustainability of the resource, including long-term financing mechanisms and the party responsible for long-term management. 9. Adaptive management plan. A management strategy to address unforeseen changes in site conditions or other components of the mitigation project, including the party or parties responsible for implementing adaptive management measures.

Tree Removal Impact: A tree inventory was conducted and prepared by Denise Kelly, certified arborist. A total of 149 trees were counted for the site. A total of 135 trees will be removed, most of these are non-native trees such as American elm and a variety of fruit trees. Five coast live oak, two black walnut, three redwoods, three red maple and one weeping willow will remain. The red maple and weeping willow are non-native trees. Forty- nine (49) native trees that include oaks, black walnut, willow and redwood would be removed. The remaining 86 trees are non-native trees.

Mitigation Measure: A tree removal permit must be obtained from the City of Santa Rosa and be in compliance with Chapter 17-24 of the City Code. The following are the requirements as described in Chapter 17-24 of the City Code.

(A) All development proposals and subdivision applications shall clearly designate all trees and heritage trees on the property by trunk location and an accurate outline of each tree’s drip line and shall indicate those trees which are proposed to be altered, removed, or relocated and those trees proposed to be designated protected trees. The reasons for the proposed removal of any tree shall be stated in writing. The development plan or tentative subdivision map shall indicate the genus and species, the shape, the drip line and the trunk circumference of each tree and heritage tree. These tree delineations must also be shown on every page of the development and improvement plans where any work is proposed within the root zone of any tree. The owner of the property and the person in control of the proposed development shall protect and preserve each tree and heritage tree situated within the site of the proposed development during the period the application(s) for the proposed development is being considered by the City. The proposed development shall be designed so that: (1) The proposed lots and/or improvements preserve and protect any heritage trees to the greatest extent possible. (2) The road and lot grades protect heritage trees to the greatest extent possible and the existing grade shall be maintained within each such tree’s root zone. (B) If the proposed project is approved, the recordation of the final map or issuance of a grading permit or building permit for the project shall constitute a permit to alter, remove, or relocate any trees designated for alteration, removal, or relocation upon the project’s approved plans. Any change in the trees to be altered, removed, or relocated as designated on the approved development plan or tentative map shall only be

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 17 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting permitted upon the written approval of the Director or, when the Director determines that the proposed change may be substantial, by the Planning Commission. (C) Tree Replacement Program. A person owning or controlling a development project shall be required to replace trees and heritage trees approved for removal as part of the approval of the project in accordance with subdivision 1; each protected tree removed or damaged shall be replaced in accordance with subdivision 2. (1) For each six inches or fraction thereof of the diameter of a tree which was approved for removal, two trees of the same genus and species as the removed tree (or another species, if approved by the Director), each of a minimum 15-gallon container size, shall be planted on the project site, provided however, that an increased number of smaller size trees of the same genus and species may be planted if approved by the Director, or a fewer number of such trees of a larger size if approved by the Director. (2) For each six inches or fraction thereof of the diameter of a tree which was not approved for removal, four trees of the same genus and species as the removed tree (or another species, if approved by the Director), each of a minimum 15-gallon container size, shall be planted on the project site, provided however, that an increased number of smaller size trees of the same genus and species may be planted if approved by the Director, or a fewer number of such trees of a larger size if approved by the Director. (3) If the development site is inadequate in size to accommodate the replacement trees, the trees shall be planted on public property with the approval of the Director of the City’s Recreation and Parks Department. Upon the request of the developer and the approval of the Director, the City may accept an in- lieu payment of $100.00 per 15-gallon replacement tree on condition that all such payments shall be used for tree-related educational projects and/or planting programs of the City. (D) Protected Trees. The following requirements shall apply to every person who develops any property upon which a protected tree is located: (1) Before the start of any clearing, excavation, construction or other work on the site, every protected tree shall be securely fenced off at the “protected perimeter,” which shall be either the root zone or other limit as may be established by the City. Such fences shall remain continuously in place for the duration of all work undertaken in connection with the development. The area so fenced off shall not be used as a storage area or altered or disturbed except as may be permitted under this subsection. (2)If the proposed development, including any site work for the development, will encroach upon the protected perimeter of a protected tree, special measures shall be utilized, as approved by the Director or the Planning Commission, to allow the roots to obtain oxygen, water, and nutrients as needed. Any excavation, cutting, filling, or compaction of the existing ground surface within the protected perimeter, if authorized at all by the Director, shall be minimized and subject to such conditions as may be imposed by the Director. No significant change in existing ground level shall be made within the drip line of a protected tree. No burning or use of equipment with an open flame shall occur near or within the protected perimeter. All brush, earth and other debris shall be removed in a manner which prevents injury to the protected tree. (3) No oil, gas, chemicals or other substances that may be harmful to trees shall be stored or dumped within the protected perimeter of any protected tree, or at any other location on the site from which such substances might enter the perimeter of a protected tree. No construction materials shall be stored within the protected perimeter of a protected tree. (4) Underground trenching for utilities shall avoid major support and absorbing tree roots of protected trees. If avoidance is impractical, tunnels shall be made below the roots. Trenches shall be consolidated to service as many units as possible. Trenching within the drip line of protected trees shall be avoided to the greatest extent possible and shall only be done under the at-site directions of a certified arborist.

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(5) No concrete or asphalt paving shall be placed over the root zones of protected trees. No artificial irrigation shall occur within the root zone of oaks. (6) No compaction of the soil within the root zone of protected trees shall occur. (7) If the trees proposed to be removed can be economically relocated, the developer shall move the trees to a suitable location on the site shown on the approved plans. (Ord. 2858 §1 (part), 1990)

Wildlife Movement Corridors The northern tributary to Piner Creek is considered a movement corridor for aquatic wildlife, such as western pond turtle, and terrestrial wildlife, such as raccoon. The proposed development is located 30 feet from the top of bank of Piner Creek; thus the project will not impede movement by aquatic species.

The riparian corridor adjacent to Piner Creek may be used by terrestrial wildlife, such as striped skunk and deer, and establishing a barrier in this upland habitat could impede movement of wildlife. However, wildlife cannot move further east along Piner Creek outside the project area. The reconfigured Piner Creek will provide the same amount of wildlife value as it currently exists. The removal of the upland habitat will impede the movement of terrestrial wildlife, but again, there is no area for wildlife to move east outside the project area. Wildlife can still move along the north tributary to Piner Creek to lands north of Hwy 101.

Birds Impact: Several passerine (perching birds) species observed on site, such as California towhee and scrub jays, build stick nests in trees and shrubs, while others, such as the oak titmouse and woodpecker, nest in tree cavities. Disturbance during the nesting season (February 15- August 15) may result in the potential nest abandonment and mortality of young, which is considered a “take” of an individual.

Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measures should be followed in order to avoid or minimize impacts to passerines and raptors that may potentially nest in the trees: 1) Grading or removal of nesting trees should be conducted outside the nesting season, which occurs between approximately February 15 and August 15. 2) If grading between August 15 and February 15 is infeasible and groundbreaking must occur within the nesting season, a pre-construction nesting bird (both passerine and raptor) survey of the grasslands and adjacent trees shall be performed by a qualified biologist within 7 days of ground breaking. If no nesting birds are observed no further action is required and grading shall occur within one week of the survey to prevent “take” of individual birds that could begin nesting after the survey. 3) If active bird nests (either passerine and/or raptor) are observed during the pre-construction survey, a disturbance-free buffer zone shall be established around the nest tree(s) until the young have fledged, as determined by a qualified biologist. 4) The radius of the required buffer zone can vary depending on the species, (i.e., 75-100 feet for passerines and 200-300 feet for raptors), with the dimensions of any required buffer zones to be determined by a qualified biologist in consultation with CDFW. 5) To delineate the buffer zone around a nesting tree, orange construction fencing shall be placed at the specified radius from the base of the tree within which no machinery or workers shall intrude. 6) After the fencing is in place there will be no restrictions on grading or construction activities outside the prescribed buffer zones.

Roosting Bats Impacts to Trees: Removal of trees containing suitable bat roosting habitat comprised of cavities, crevices, and/or exfoliating bark, may cause direct mortality of roosting bats if removed during maternity season prior to self-sufficient volancy of pups, or in winter during torpor or hibernation. Removal of larger mature trees

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 19 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting has the potential of causing direct mortality of solitary tree-roosting species such as western red bat or hoary bat.

Mitigation Measure: Bats in this region of California are not active year-round. During the maternity season, non-volant young of colonial bats remain in the roost until late summer (end of August), after which they may disperse from the natal roost or remain into or throughout the winter. During winter months, roosting bats typically enter torpor, rousing only occasionally to drink water or opportunistically feed on insects. The onset of torpor is dependent upon environmental conditions, primarily temperature and rainfall. To prevent direct mortality of either non-volant young or torpid bats during winter months, roosts must not be disturbed or destroyed until bats are seasonally active, and only after they have been provided a means of escape from the roost, either by humane bat eviction (e.g. from structures), or two-step removal (trees).

Humane bat eviction and/or two-step tree removal must only be conducted during seasonal periods of bat activity, which are in this region, between March 1 (or after evening temperatures rise above 45F and/or no more than 1/2" of rainfall within 24 hours occurs), and April 15, or between August 31 and October 15 (or before evening temperatures fall below 45F and/or more than 1/2" of rainfall within 24 hours occurs).

To prevent direct mortality of bats potentially roosting in cavities, crevices or exfoliating bark of trees, all of the following method should be used: 1) Tree removal shall be conducted using a two-stage process over two consecutive days (e.g. Tuesday and Wednesday, or Thursday and Friday). With this method, small branches and small limbs not containing cavity, crevice or exfoliating bark habitat on habitat trees as identified by a qualified bat biologist (who must be present on the site at the beginning of the first day of tree trimming or cutting) are removed first on Day 1, using chainsaws only (no dozers, backhoes, etc.). Trees containing suitable potential habitat must be trimmed on Day 1 under initial field supervision by a qualified bat expert to ensure that the tree cutters fully understand the process, and avoid incorrectly cutting potential habitat features or trees. After tree cutters have received sufficient instruction, the qualified bat expert does not need to remain on the site. 2) The following day (Day 2), the remainder of the tree is to be removed. The disturbance caused by chainsaw noise and vibration, coupled with the physical alteration, has the effect of causing bats to abandon the roost tree after nightly emergence for foraging. Removing the tree the next day prevents re-habituation and re-occupation of the altered tree.

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REFERENCES

BKF ENGINEERING. 2012. PLANNING EXHIBIT, AIRWAY DRIVE, CITY OF SANTA ROSA, CALIFORNIA. JULY. BKF ENGINEERING. 2014. DESIGN REVIEW SITE IMPROVEMENT DRAWINGS FOR AIRWAY DRIVE SENIOR LIVING, 3731, 3737, 3745 AIRWAY DRIVE, SANTA ROSA, CALIFORNIA. APRIL BKF ENGINEERING. 2015. 2014. DESIGN REVIEW SITE IMPROVEMENT DRAWINGS FOR AIRWAY COMMUNITY CARE 3731, 3737, 3745 AIRWAY DRIVE, SANTA ROSA, CALIFORNIA. JANUARY BAICICH, P. AND C. HARRISON. 1997. A GUIDE TO NESTS, EGGS AND NESTLINGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. SECOND EDITION. NATURAL WORLD ACADEMIC PRESS. SAN DIEGO. 347 PP. BALDWIN, B. G. (CONVENING EDITOR); EDITORS, D. H. GOLDMAN, D.J. KEIL, R. PATTERSON, T.J. ROSATTI, D.H. WILKEN. 2012. THE JEPSON MANUAL: VASCULAR PLANTS OF CALIFORNIA. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES, CA. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE (CDFW). 2014A. SPECIAL VASCULAR PLANTS, BRYOPHYTES, AND LICHENS LIST. NATURAL DIVERSITY DATA BASE, HABITAT CONSERVATION DIVISION. JANUARY. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE (CDFW). 2014B. STATE AND FEDERALLY LISTED ENDANGERED, THREATENED, AND RARE PLANTS OF CALIFORNIA. NATURAL DIVERSITY DATA BASE, WILDLIFE AND HABITAT DATA ANALYSIS BRANCH. JANUARY. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE (CDFW). 2014C. SPECIAL ANIMALS. NATURAL DIVERSITY DATA BASE, WILDLIFE AND HABITAT DATA ANALYSIS BRANCH. JANUARY. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE (CDFW). 2014D. STATE AND FEDERALLY LISTED ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS OF CALIFORNIA. NATURAL DIVERSITY DATA BASE, WILDLIFE AND HABITAT DATA ANALYSIS BRANCH. JANUARY. CALIFORNIA NATURAL DIVERSITY DATA BASE (CNDDB). 2014. REPORTED OCCURRENCES FOR THE SANTA ROSA, SEBASTOPOL, HEALDSBURG, AND MARK WEST SPRINGS 7.5-MINUTE TOPOGRAPHIC QUADRANGLE. WILDLIFE CONSERVATION DIVISION. SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. MAY. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME (CDFG). 1988B. CALIFORNIA'S WILDLIFE - AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILE. VOLUME I. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME. EDITORS, ZEINER, D.C., W.F. LAUDENSLAYER, JR., AND K.E. MAYER. CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY (CNPS). 1998. MITIGATION GUIDELINES REGARDING IMPACTS TO RARE, THREATENED AND ENDANGERED PLANTS. CALL, MAYO W. 1978. NEST SURVEYS. TECHNICAL NOTES-316. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT CITY OF SANTA ROSA. 2011. PINER I AND II, CITYWIDE CREEK MASTER PLAN. HTTP://WEB1.CI.SANTAROSA.CA.US/PWORKS/OTHERS/SW/PINE%20B.PDF. ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY. 1987. CORPS OF ENGINEERS WETLANDS DELINEATION MANUAL. WETLANDS RESEARCH PROGRAM TECHNICAL REPORT Y-87-1. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY, WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION, VICKSBURG, MS. GRINNELL, J. AND A. MILLER. 1944. THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE BIRDS OF CALIFORNIA. ARTEMESIA PRESS, LEE VINING, CALIFORNIA. HICKMAN, J.C. 1993. THE JEPSON MANUAL: HIGHER PLANTS OF CALIFORNIA. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA. 1400 PP. JANE VALERIUS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING. 2014. DELINEATION OF WATERS OF THE U.S., INCLUDING WETLANDS, FOR THE AIRWAY COMMUNITY CARE PROJECT. PREPARED FOR PACIFICA COMPANIES MAY 2014.

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JENNINGS, M.R. AND M.P. HAYES. 1994. AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILE SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN IN CALIFORNIA. PREPARED FOR THE CALIF. DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME INLAND FISHERIES DIV. RANCHO CORDOVA, CALIF. NOVEMBER 1. 255 PP. KELLY, DENISE. 2013. AIRWAY DRIVE FINAL TREE SURVEY. PREPARED FOR PACIFICA COMPANIES BY DENISE KELLY CERTIFIED ARBORIST DATE AUGUST 9, 2013. MACNAIR, DONALD. 2014A. RIPARIAN ZONE TREE AND CREEK CHANNEL PLANTING PLAN, AIRWAY DRIVE SENIOR LIVING. APRIL 15. MACNAIR, DONALD. 2014B. RIPARIAN ZONE SHRUB AND GROUNDCOVER PLANTING PLAN, AIRWAY DRIVE SENIOR LIVING. APRIL 15. MAYER, K.E. AND W. F. LAUDENSLAYER, JR. EDS. 1988. A GUIDE TO WILDLIFE HABITATS OF CALIFORNIA. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND FIRE PROTECTION. SACRAMENTO. 166 PP. MCCULLOUGH, D. 1996. METAPOPULATIONS AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION. ISLAND PRESS. 429PP. MOYLE, P.B. 2002. INLAND FISHES OF CALIFORNIA. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA. REMSEN, H.V. 1988. BIRD SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN IN CALIFORNIA: AN ANNOTATED LIST OF DECLINING OR VULNERABLE BIRD SPECIES. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, THE RESOURCES AGENCY. SAWYER, JOHN O., TODD KEELER-WOLF, JULIE M EVENS. 2009. A MANUAL OF CALIFORNIA VEGETATION. SECOND EDITION. CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY PRESS, SACRAMENTO, CA. 1300 PAGES. SONOMA COUNTY PERMIT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT (SCPRMD). 2008. SONOMA COUNTY GENERAL PLAN 2010 OPEN SPACE AND RESOURCE CONSERVATION ELEMENT. ADOPTED BY RESOLUTION NO. 08-0808, AMENDED BY RESOLUTION NO. 10-0636 ON AUGUST 24. SONOMA COUNTY WATER AGENCY. 2002. DATA REPORT 1999-2001: RUSSIAN RIVER BASIN STEELHEAD AND COHO SALMON MONITORING PROGRAM: PILOT STUDY. SEPTEMBER. 60 PP. SOUTHERN SONOMA COUNTY RESOURCE CONSERVATION DISTRICT (SSRCD). 2012. CREEK CARE: A GUIDE FOR RURAL LANDOWNERS AND RESIDENTS OF PETALUMA AND SONOMA CREEK WATERSHEDS. (SSRCD.ORG/CREEK CARE GUIDE.PDF) STEBBINS, R. C. 1985. A FIELD GUIDE TO WESTERN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS. HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY. TOBIN, D.P. 2001. INVENTORY OF RARE AND ENDANGERED VASCULAR PLANTS OF CALIFORNIA. CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY, SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO. 1, SIXTH ED. 384 PP. U. S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS. 2008. REGIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS WETLAND DELINEATION MANUAL: ARID WEST REGION. FINAL REPORT. DECEMBER. VICKSBURG, MS. U. S. ARMY ENGINEERS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER. U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS). 1998. RECOVERY PLAN FOR THE CALIFORNIA FRESHWATER SHRIMP (SYNCARIS PACIFICA HOLMES 1895). SACRAMENTO OFFICE. U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS). 2005. DESIGNATION OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR SEVEN EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANT UNITS OF PACIFIC SALMON AND STEELHEAD IN CALIFORNIA. FEDERAL REGISTER 70(170): 52488-52627. U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS). 2011. CALIFORNIA FRESHWATER SHRIMP (SYNCARIS PACIFICA) 5 YEAR REVIEW: SUMMARY AND EVALUATION. SACRAMENTO OFFICE. 27 PP. U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS). 2013. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES SYSTEM (TESS) CANDIDATE SPECIES AS OF 5/2/2013. WELSH, H. 1994. BIOREGIONS: AN ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE AND A PROPOSAL FOR CALIFORNIA. CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME (80) 3:97-124.

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WHITTAKER, R. 1998. ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY: ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION AND CONSERVATION. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS. 285PP. WILLIAMS, D.F. 1986. MAMMALIAN SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN IN CALIFORNIA. CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME. WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT DIVISION ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT 86-1. 112 PP. ZEINER, D., W. LAUDENSLAYER, K. MAYER, AND M. WHITE. 1990. CALIFORNIA'S WILDLIFE. VOLUME III. MAMMALS. CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE WILDLIFE HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS SYSTEM. STATE OF CALIFORNIA, THE RESOURCES AGENCY, DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, SACRAMENTO, CALIF.

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Figure 2. Northern parcel looking south.

Figure 3. Northern parcel looking west along northern tributary to Piner Creek.

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Figure 4. Snag with nesting birds and potentially roosting bats.

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APPENDIX A: FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL PLANS, POLICIES, REGULATIONS AND ORDINANCES

Federal Endangered Species Act - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pursuant to ESA, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has regulatory authority over federally listed species. Under ESA, a permit to “take” a listed species is required for any federal action that may harm an individual of that species. Take is defined under Section 9 of ESA as “to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or attempt to engage in any such conduct.” Under federal regulation, take is further defined to include habitat modification or degradation where it would be expected to result in death or injury to listed wildlife by significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding, or sheltering. Section 7 of ESA requires all federal agencies to consult with USFWS to ensure that their actions are not likely to “jeopardize the continued existence” of any listed species or “result in the destruction or adverse modification” of designated critical habitat. No federal approvals or other actions are anticipated as being required to implement the project at this time. Therefore, consultation under Section 7 of ESA is not expected. However, if USACE determines that wetlands and/or other waters of the United States on the project site are subject to protection under Section 404 of the CWA, or any other federal action becomes necessary, consultation under Section 7 of ESA would be required.

For projects where federal action is not involved and take of a listed species may occur, the project proponent may seek to obtain a permit for incidental take under Section 10(a) of ESA. Section 10(a) of ESA allows USFWS to permit the incidental take of listed species if such take is accompanied by a habitat conservation plan (HCP) that includes components to minimize and mitigate impacts associated with the take. The permit is known as an incidental take permit. The project proponent must obtain a permit before conducting any otherwise-lawful activities that would result in the incidental take of a federally listed species.

Sections 404 and 401 of the Clean Water Act - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers USACE regulates the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the United States under Section 404 of the CWA. Waters of the United States are defined as waters where use, degradation, or destruction could affect interstate or foreign commerce, tributaries to any of these waters, and wetlands that meet any of these criteria or that are somehow connected to any of these waters or their tributaries. Wetlands are defined as areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted to life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands falling under USACE jurisdiction must demonstrate the presence of three specific wetland parameters: hydric soils, hydrophytic vegetation, and sufficient wetland hydrology. Generally, wetlands include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas. Lakes, rivers, and streams are defined as “other waters.” Jurisdictional limits of these features are typically noted by the ordinary high-water mark (OHWM). The OHWM is the line on the shore or bank that is established by the fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics, such as a clear, natural line impressed on the bank, shelving, changes in soils, lack of woody or terrestrial vegetation, the presence of litter or debris, or other characteristics of the surrounding areas.

Isolated ponds or seasonal depressions had been previously regulated as waters of the United States. However, in Solid Waste Agency of Northwestern Cook County (SWANCC) v. United States Army Corps of Engineers et al. (January 8, 2001), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that certain “isolated” wetlands (e.g., nonnavigable, isolated, and intrastate) do not fall under the jurisdiction of the CWA and are no longer under USACE jurisdiction (although isolated wetlands are regulated by the State of California under the Porter- Cologne Water Quality Control Act—see discussion below). Some circuit courts (e.g., U.S. v. Deaton, 2003; U.S. v. Rapanos, 2003; Northern California River Watch v. City of Healdsburg, 2006), however, have ruled that the SWANCC opinion does not prevent CWA jurisdiction if a “significant nexus” such as a hydrologic connection exists, whether it be human-made (e.g., roadside ditch) or natural tributary to navigable waters, or direct seepage from the wetland to the navigable water, a surface or underground hydraulic connection, an ecological connection (e.g., the same bird, mammal, and fish populations are supported by both the wetland

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 27 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting and the navigable water), and changes to chemical concentrations in the navigable water due to water from the wetland.

Section 404 prohibits the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the United States (including wetlands) without a permit from USACE. With respect to the proposed project, the discharge of dredged or fill material includes the following activities:

 placement of fill that is necessary for the construction of any structure or infrastructure in a water of the United States;  the building of any structure, infrastructure, or impoundment requiring rock, sand, dirt, or other material for its construction;  site-development fills for recreational, industrial, commercial, residential, or other uses; and  construction of causeways or road fills.

The regulations and policies of USACE, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and USFWS mandate that the filling of wetlands be avoided unless it can be demonstrated that no practicable alternatives (to filling wetlands) exist. If the placement of fill into waters of the U.S., including wetlands, meets certain criteria the project be permitted under one of the Nation Wide Permits (NWP), which is an expedited permit process.

Section 401 of the CWA requires an applicant for any federal permit that may result in a discharge into waters of the United States to obtain a certification from the state that the discharge will comply with provisions of the CWA. The regional water quality control boards (RWQCBs) administer this program. Any condition of water quality certification would be incorporated into the USACE permit. The state has a policy of no net loss of wetlands and typically requires mitigation for impacts on wetlands before it will issue a water quality certification.

Essential Fish Habitat - National Marine Fisheries Service Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) is regulated through the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Protection of EFH is mandated through changes implemented in 1996 to the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act) to protect the loss of habitat necessary to maintain sustainable fisheries in the United States. The Magnuson-Stevens Act defines EFH as "those waters and substrate necessary to fish for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity" (16 U.S.C. 1802(10)). NMFS further defines essential fish habitat as areas that "contain habitat essential to the long-term survival and health of our nation's fisheries" (NMFS 2007). EFH can include the water column, bottom substrate types such as gravels suitable in size for salmonid spawning, and vegetation and woody structures that provided habitat for rearing. Under regulatory guidelines issued by NMFS, any federal agency that authorizes, funds, or undertakes action that may affect EFH is required to consult with NMFS (50 CFR 600.920).

Waters of the State - California Regional Water Quality Control Board The term “Waters of the State” is defined by the Porter-Cologne Act as “any surface water or groundwater, including saline waters, within the boundaries of the state.” The Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) protects all waters in its regulatory scope, but has special responsibility for wetlands, riparian areas, and headwaters. These waterbodies have high resource value, are vulnerable to filling, and are not systematically protected by other programs. RWQCB jurisdiction includes “isolated” wetlands and waters that may not be regulated by the USACE under Section 404. “Waters of the State” are regulated by the RWQCB under the State Water Quality Certification Program which regulates discharges of fill and dredged material under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act and the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act. Projects that require a USACE permit, or fall under other federal jurisdiction, and have the potential to impact “Waters of the State,” are required to comply with the terms of the Water Quality Certification determination.

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If a proposed project does not require a federal permit, but does involve dredge or fill activities that may result in a discharge to “Waters of the State,” the RWQCB has the option to regulate the dredge and fill activities under its state authority in the form of Waste Discharge Requirements.

Streams, Lakes, and Riparian Habitat - California Department of Fish and Game Streams and lakes, as habitat for fish and wildlife species, are subject to jurisdiction by CDFG under Sections 1600-1616 of the State Fish and Game Code. Alterations to or work within or adjacent to streambeds or lakes generally require a 1602 Lake and Streambed Alteration Agreement. The term stream, which includes creeks and rivers, is defined in the California Code of Regulations (CCR) as follows: “a body of water that flows at least periodically or intermittently through a bed or channel having banks and supports fish or other aquatic life. This includes watercourses having a surface or subsurface flow that supports or has supported riparian vegetation” (14 CCR 1.72). In addition, the term stream can include ephemeral streams, dry washes, watercourses with subsurface flows, canals, aqueducts, irrigation ditches, and other means of water conveyance if they support aquatic life, riparian vegetation, or stream-dependent terrestrial wildlife (CDFG ESD 1994). Riparian is defined as, “on, or pertaining to, the banks of a stream;” therefore, riparian vegetation is defined as, “vegetation which occurs in and/or adjacent to a stream and is dependent on, and occurs because of, the stream itself” (CDFG ESD 1994). Removal of riparian vegetation also requires a Section 1602 Lake and Streambed Alteration Agreement from CDFG.

Native Tree Protection and Preservation - Sonoma County Pursuant to the Sonoma County Native Tree Protection and Preservation Ordinance, Chapters 25 and 26 of the Sonoma County Zoning Regulations, the County requires that projects shall be designed to minimize the destruction of protected trees.. Trees protected include the following: Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum), Black Oak (Quercus kelloggii), Blue Oak (Quercus douglasii), Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia), Interior Live Oak (Quercus wislizenii), Madrone (Arbutus menziesii), Oracle Oak (Quercus morehus), Oregon Oak (Quercus garryana), Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Valley Oak (Quercus lobata), California Bay (Umbellularia californica), and their hybrids.

With development permits a site plan shall be submitted that depicts the location of all protected trees greater than nine inches (9”) and their protected perimeters in areas that will be impacted by the proposed development, such as the building envelopes, access roads, leachfields, etc. Lot line adjustments, zoning permits and agricultural uses are exempt from this requirement. The provisions of this section shall not apply to trees which are the subject of a valid timber harvesting permit approved by the state of California. This section shall not be applied in a manner that would reduce allowable density lower than that permitted as a result of CEQA or by other county ordinances or render a property undevelopable. To achieve this end, adjustments may be made.

Replacement trees may be located on residentially zoned parcels of at least one and one-half acres and on any commercial or industrial zoned parcel, regardless of size, where feasible. Where infeasible, they may be located on public lands or maintained private open space. In-lieu fees may be used to acquire and protect stands of native trees in preserves or place trees on public lands.

Permits to remove trees will take into account the environmental effects of removal, possible alternatives to removal, and whether preservation unreasonably interferes with development of the parcel. Required mitigation may include:

1. establishment and maintenance of replacement trees; 2. a detailed mitigation management plan; 3. removal of invasive exotics; and 4. posting of a bond to cover the cost of an inspection to ensure the success of measures 5. described above.

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Policy for Riparian Corridors - Sonoma County General Plan Open Space and Resource Conservation (OSRC) Element:

The Sonoma County General Plan OSRC Element (SCPRMD 2008) establishes goals and objectives for Riparian Corridors. The relevant goals and policies to this project are:

Goal OSRC-8: Protect and enhance Riparian Corridors and functions along streams, balancing the need for agricultural production, urban development, timber and mining operations, and other land uses with the preservation of riparian vegetation, protection of water resources, flood control, bank stabilization, and other riparian functions and values.

Objective OSRC-8.1: Designate all streams shown on USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle topographic maps as of March 18, 2003, as Riparian Corridors and establish streamside conservation areas along these designated corridors.

Objective OSRC-8.2: Provide standards for land use and development in streamside conservation areas that protect riparian vegetation, water resources and habitat values while considering the needs of residents, agriculture, businesses and other land users.

Objective OSRC-8.3: Recognize and protect riparian functions and values of undesignated streams during review of discretionary projects/

Policy OSRC-8a: Classify “Riparian Corridors” designated in the Open Space and Resource Conservation Element as follows:

(1) “Russian River Riparian Corridor” is the corridor adjacent to the main stem of the Russian River, excluding lands located within the Urban Residential, Commercial, Industrial, or Public-Quasi Public land use categories or within the jurisdiction of a city.

(2) “Flatland Riparian Corridors” are the corridors adjacent to designated streams in the 1989 General Plan that flow through predominantly flat or very gently sloping land, generally with alluvial soil. This classification excludes areas located within the “Russian River Riparian Corridor” or within the Urban Residential, Commercial, Industrial, or Public/Quasi-Public land use categories.

(3) “Other Riparian Corridors” are the corridors adjacent to all designated streams not included in (1) or (2) above.*

Policy OSRC-8b: Establish streamside conservation areas along both sides of designated Riparian Corridors as follows, measured from the top of the higher bank on each side of the stream as determined by PRMD:

(1) Russian River Riparian Corridor: 200' (2) Flatland Riparian Corridors: 100' (3) Other Riparian Corridors: 50'*

Policy OSRC-8e: Prohibit, except as otherwise allowed by Policy OSRC-8d, grading, vegetation removal, agricultural cultivation, structures, roads, utility lines, and parking lots within any streamside conservation area. Consider an exception to this prohibition if:

(1) It makes a lot unbuildable and vegetation removal is minimized,

(2) The use involves the minor expansion of an existing structure where it is demonstrated that the expansion will be accomplished with minimum damage to riparian functions,

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(3) The use involves only the maintenance or restoration of an existing structure or a non-structural use,

(4) It can be clearly demonstrated through photographs or other information that the affected area has no substantial value for riparian functions, or

(5) A conservation plan is approved that provides for the appropriate protection of the biotic resources, water quality, flood management, bank stability, groundwater recharge, and other applicable riparian functions. Until the County adopts mitigation standards and procedures for specific uses and riparian functions, prior to approving the conservation plan, consult on areas of concern with the Resource Conservation District, Agricultural Commissioner, and resource agencies that are applicable to the proposed plan.*

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Appendix B: Potentially Occurring Special-Status Plant Species in the Study Area

Status

Scientific Name USFWS/ Habitat Affinities and Blooming Potential for Common Name CDFW/ Period/Life Form Occurrence CNPS list Alopecurus aequalis var. None. Not observed Freshwater marshes and swamps, riparian sonomensis during surveys. FE/-/1B scrub. May-July. Elevation: 5-365m. Sonoma alopecurus Typical habitat not present in study area. Amorpha californica var. -/-/1B Broadleafed upland forest (openings), napensis None. No habitat chaparral, cismontane woodland. Blooms Napa false indigo present in study area. April-July. Elevation: 120-2000m. None. Not observed Coastal bluff scrub, cismontane woodland, Amsinckia lunaris during surveys. No -/-/1B valley and foothill grassland. March-June. Bent-flowered fiddleneck species of Amsinckia Elevation: 3-500m were observed. Broadleafed upland forest, lower montane None. No habitat in Anomobryum julaceum coniferous forest, North coast coniferous study area. Not -/-/2 Slender silver moss forest on damp rock and soil on outcrops, observed during usually on roadcuts. Elevation: 100-1000m. surveys. None. No habitat Arctostaphylos canescens Chaparral, lower montane coniferous present in study area. ssp. sonomensis forest, sometimes on serpentintie. Blooms -/-/1B No species of Sonoma canescent January to June. Elevation: 180-1675m. manzanita in study manzanita area. None. No habitat Chaparral on acid marine sand. February- present in study area. Arctostaphylos densiflora April. Elevation: 50-120m. -/CE/1B No species of Vine Hill manzanita manzanita in study area. None. No habitat Chaparral on rhyolitic soils and Arctostaphylos stanfordiana present in study area. cismontane woodland. Blooms February ssp. decumbens -/-/1B No species of to April (sometimes May). Elevation: 75- Rincon Ridge manzanita manzanita in study 370m. area. FE/CT/1B Openings in chaparral, cismontane None. No habitat woodland, valley and foothill grassland on Astragalus claranus present in study area. serpentinite or volcanic, rocky or clay Clara Hunt’s milk-vetch Not observed during soils. Blooms March to May. Elevation: 75- surveys. 275m. -/-/1B Chaparral, cismontane woodland, valley None. Not observed Balsamorhiza macrolepis and foothill grassland, sometimes on during surveys. Typical Big-scale balsamroot serpentinite. March-June. Elevation: 90- habitat not present. 1555m. FE/CE/1B None. Not observed Valley and foothill grassland (mesic), Blennosperma bakeri during surveys. Typical vernal pools. Blooms March to May. Sonoma sunshine habitat not present in Elevation: 10-110m. study area.

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Status

Scientific Name USFWS/ Habitat Affinities and Blooming Potential for Common Name CDFW/ Period/Life Form Occurrence CNPS list Brodiaea leptandra -/-/1B Broadleafed upland forest, chaparral, Narrow-anthered brodiaea None. No habitat cismontane woodland, lower montane present in study area. coniferous forest, valley and foothill Not observed during grassland on volcanic soils. Blooms May to surveys. July. Elevation: 110-915m.

Bogs and fens, broadleafed upland forest, closed-cone coniferous forest, coastal None. No habitat Calamagrostis bolanderi scrub, meadows and seeps, freshwater present in study area. -/-/4 Bolander’s reed grass marshes and swamps, North Coast Not observed during coniferous forest on mesic sites. May- surveys. August. Elevation: 0-455m. None. No habitat Coastal scrub (mesic), freshwater marshes Calamagrostis crassiglumis present in study area. -/-/4 and swamps. Blooms April to July. Thurber’s reed grass Not observed during Elevation: 90-1065m. surveys. Calystegia collina ssp. Chaparral, lower montane coniferous None. No habitat oxyphylla forest, valley and foothill grassland on present in study area. -/-/4 Mt. Saint Helena morning serpentinite. April-June. Elevation: 279- Not observed during glory 1010m. surveys.

Bogs and fens, closed-cone coniferous forest, coastal prairie, meadows and Campanula californica None. No habitat -/-/1B seeps, freshwater marshes and swamps, Swamp harebell present in study area. North Coast coniferous forest. June- October. Elevation: 1-405m. None. Not observed Carex albida Bogs and fens, freshwater marshes and FE/CE/1B during surveys. Typical White sedge swamps. May-July. Elevation: 15-90m. habitat not present.

Castilleja uliginosa Freshwater marshes and swamps. June- None. Typical habitat -/CE/1B Pitkin Marsh paintbrush July. Elevation: 60m. not present.

Closed-cone coniferous forest, chaparral, None. No habitat Ceanothus confusus cismontane woodland on volcanic or present in study area. -/-/1B Rincon Ridge ceanothus serpentinite. Blooms February to June. No Ceanothus shrubs Elevation: 75-1065m. in study area. None. No habitat Chaparral on serpentinite or volcanic, rocky Ceanothus divergens present in study area. -/-/1B soils. Blooms February to April. Elevation Calistoga ceanothus No Ceanothus shrubs 170-950m. in study area. None. No habitat Ceanothus foliosus var. Chaparral. March-May. Elevation: 45- present in study area. vineatus -/-/1B 305m. No Ceanothus shrubs Vine Hill ceanothus in study area.

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Status

Scientific Name USFWS/ Habitat Affinities and Blooming Potential for Common Name CDFW/ Period/Life Form Occurrence CNPS list None. No habitat Chaparral on sandy, serpentinite or Ceanothus sonomensis present in study area. -/-/1B volcanic soils. Blooms February to April. Sonoma Ceanothus No Ceanothus shrubs Elevation: 215-800m. in study area. Chaparral, coastal prairie, meadows and None. Typical habitat Centromadia parryi ssp. seeps, coastal marshes and swamps, valley not present in study parry -/-/1B and foothill grassland on vernally mesic, area. Not observed Pappose tarplant often alkaline sites. May-November. during surveys. Elevation: 2-420m.

Chorizanthe valida Coastal prairie on sandy soils. Blooms June None. No habitat FE/CE/1B Sonoma spineflower to August. Elevation: 10-305m. present in study area.

Chaparral, valley and foothill grassland on Clarkia imbricata None. No habitat in FE/CE/1B acidic sandy loam soils. June-August. Vine Hill clarkia study area. Elevation: 50-75m.

Closed-cone coniferous forest, chaparral on Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. None. No habitat in FE/CR/1B serpentinite. June-September. Elevation: capillaris study area. 45-305m.

Cuscuta obtusiflora var. Freshwater marshes and swamps. July- None. No habitat in -/-/2 glandulosa October. Elevation: 15-280m. study area. None. Not observed Delphinium luteum Chaparral, coastal prairie, coastal scrub on FE/CR/1B during surveys. Habitat Golden larkspur rocky soils. March-May. Elevation: 0-100m. not present on site. None. Not observed Valley and foothill grassland (mesic), vernal Downingia pusilla during surveys. Typical -/-/2 pools. Blooms March to May. Elevation: 1- Dwarf downingia habitat not present in 445m. study area. Broadleafed upland forest, cismontane Erigeron biolettii woodland, North Coast coniferous forest None. No habitat -/-/3 Streamside daisy on rocky and mesic sites. Blooms June- present in study area. October. Elevation 30-1100m.

Erigerion serpentinus Chaparral on serpentine and seeps. May- None. No habitat in -/-/1B Serpentine daisy August. Elevation: 60-670m. study area. Fritillaria liliacea -/-/1B Cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, None. Not observed Fragrant fritillary coastal scrub, valley and foothill grassland during surveys. Typical often on serpentinite. Blooms February to habitat not present in April. Elevation: 3-410m. study area. Hemizonia congesta ssp. -/-/1B None. Not observed Valley and foothill grassland sometimes on congesta during surveys. No roadsides. Blooms April to November. White seaside tarplant species of Hemizonia Elevation: 20-560m. were observed in the study area.

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Status

Scientific Name USFWS/ Habitat Affinities and Blooming Potential for Common Name CDFW/ Period/Life Form Occurrence CNPS list

Broadleafed upland forest, chaparral, valley None. Not observed Horkelia tenuiloba and foothill grassland in mesic openings during surveys. No -/-/1B Thin-leaved horkelia and on sandy soils. Blooms May to July. habitat present in Elevation: 50-500m. study area. None. Not observed Meadows and seeps (mesic), vernal pools. Lasthenia burkei during surveys. No FE/CE/1B April-June. Elevation: 15-600m. Burke’s goldfields habitat present in study area. Closed-cone coniferous forest (openings), None. Not observed Lasthenia californica ssp. coastal scrub, meadows and seeps, during surveys. No bakeri -/-/1B marshes and swamps. April-October. habitat present in Baker’s goldfields Elevation: 60-520m. study area. None. Not observed Vernal pools. April-June. Elevation: 1-880m. Legenere limosa during surveys. No -/-/1B Legenere habitat present in study area. None. Not observed Chaparral, cismontane woodland, usually Leptosiphon jepsonii during surveys. No -/-/1B volcanic. Blooms March to May. Elevation: Jepson’s leptosiphon habitat present in 100-500m. study area. Cismontane woodland, meadows and Lilium pardalinum ssp. seeps, freshwater marshes and swamps, in None. No habitat pitkinense FE/CE/1B mesic and sandy soils. June-July. Elevation: present in study area. Pitkin Marsh lily 35-65m. None. Not observed Meadows and seeps, valley and foothill Limnanthes vinculans during surveys. No FE/CE/1B grassland, vernal pools/vernally mesic. Sebastopol meadowfoam habitat present in April-May. Elevation: 15-305m. study area. None. Not observed Meadows and seeps, upper montane Mertensia bella during surveys. No -/-/2 coniferous forest/mesic. May-July. Oregon lungwort habitat present in Elevation: 1500-2000m. study area. Broadleafed upland forest, chaparral, None. Not observed Micropus amphibolus cismontane woodland, valley and foothill during surveys. Typical -/-/3 Mt. Diablo cottonweed grassland in rocky areas. Blooms March to habitat not present in May. Elevation: 45-825 m. study area.

Closed-cone coniferous forest, cismontane None. Not observed Microseris paludosa woodland, coastal scrub, valley and foothill during surveys. Typical -/-/1B Marsh microseris grassland. April-June (sometimes July). habitat not present in Elevation: 5-300m. study area. None. Not observed Monardella viridis ssp. viridis Broadleafed upland forest, chaparral, during surveys. Typical Green monardella -/-/4 cismontane woodland. June-September. habitat not present in Elevation: 100-1010m. study area.

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Status

Scientific Name USFWS/ Habitat Affinities and Blooming Potential for Common Name CDFW/ Period/Life Form Occurrence CNPS list

Cismontane woodland, lower montane None. Not observed Navarretia leucocephala ssp. coniferous forest, meadows and seeps, during surveys. Typical bakeri -/-/1B valley and foothill grassland, vernal habitat not present in Baker’s navarretia pools/mesic. Blooms April to July. study area. Elevation: 5-1740m. None. Not observed Navarretia leucocephala ssp. Volcanic ash flow vernal pools. Blooms May during surveys. No plieantha FE/-/1B to June. Elevation: 30-950 m. habitat present in Many flowered navarretia study area. Cismontane woodland, North Coast None. Not observed coniferous forest, valley and foothill Ranunculus lobbii during surveys. No -/-/4 grassland and vernal pools in mesic sites. Lobb’s aquatic buttercup habitat present in Blooms February to May. Elevation: 15- study area. 470m. None. Not observed Bogs and fens, meadows and seeps, Rhynchospora alba during surveys. Typical -/-/2 freshwater marshes and swamps. July- White beaked-rush habitat not present in August. Elevation: 60-2040m. study area. Bogs and fens, lower montane coniferous None. Not observed Rhynchospora californica forest, meadows and seeps, freshwater during surveys. Habitat -/-/1B California beaked-rush marshes and swamps. May-July. Elevation: not present in study 45-1010m. area.

Lower montane coniferous forest, None. Not observed Rhynchospora capitellata meadows and seps, marshes and swamps, during surveys. Habitat -/-/2 Brownish beaked-rush upper montane coniferous forest/mesic. not present in study July-August. Elevation: 45-2000m. area.

Coastal bluff scrub, valley and foothill Trifolium amoenum None. No habitat FE/-/1B grassland, sometimes on serpentinite. Showy Rancheria clover present in study area. Blooms April to June. Elevation: 5-415m. None. Not observed Marshes and swamps, valley and foothill Trifolium hydrophilum during surveys. Typical -/-/1B grassland (mesic, alkaline), vernal pools. Saline clover habitat not present in April-June. Elevation: 0-300m. study area. None. Not observed Coastal bluff scrub, coastal scrub/soil. Triquetrella californica during surveys. No -/-/1B Elevation: 10-100m. Coastal triquetrella habitat present in study area. None. Not observed Chaparral, cismontane woodland, lower Viburnum ellipticum during surveys. No -/-/2 montane coniferous forest. Blooms May to Oval-leaved viburnum habitat present in June. Elevation: 215-1400m. study area.

SPECIAL STATUS/SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITIES

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Status

Scientific Name USFWS/ Habitat Affinities and Blooming Potential for Common Name CDFW/ Period/Life Form Occurrence CNPS list

Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh None

Creeping rye grass turfs Present

Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool None

Northern Vernal Pool None

Valley Needlegrass Grassland None

NOTES: U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE FE = federally listed Endangered FT = federally listed Threatened

CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND WILDLIFE CE = California listed Endangered CR = California listed as Rare CT = California listed as Threatened

CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY - List 1: Plants of highest priority List 1A: Plants presumed extinct in California List 1B: Plants rare and endangered in California and elsewhere List 2: Plants rare and endangered in California but more common elsewhere List 3: Plants about which additional data are needed

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Appendix C: Potentially Occurring Special-Status Animal Species in the Project Area

Common Name Status Habitat Affinities and Reported Occurrence for Scientific Name USFWS/ Localities in the Project Area Potential CDFW Invertebrates Vernal pool andrenid bee Oligolectic (specialist pollinator) on vernal pool None – no suitable Andrena blennospermatis Blennosperma and nests the uplands around vernal habitat. pools. California linderiella -/CSC Seasonal pools in unplowed grasslands with old None – no suitable Linderiella occidentalis alluvial soils underlain by hardpan or in sandstone habitat. depressions. California freshwater FE/SE Endemic to Napa, Sonoma and Marin Counties. None – no suitable shrimp Occurs in low elevation and low gradient streams habitat. Syncaris pacifica with moderate to heavy riparian cover. Fish Russian River tule perch -/SSC Occurs in low elevation streams of the Russian None – no suitable Hysterocarpus traskii River. Requires clear, flowing water with abundant habitat. pomo cover and deep (>1M) pool habitat. Navarro roach -/SSC Habitat generalists, found in warm intermittent None – no suitable Lavinia symmetricus streams as well as cold, well-aerated streams. habitat. navarroensis Coho salmon - Central FE/SE Occurs from Punta Gorda, in northern California, to None – no suitable California Coast ESU the San Lorenzo River, in Santa Cruz County, and habitat. Onchorhynchus kisutch includes coho salmon populations from several tributaries of San Francisco Bay (e.g., Corte Madera and Mill Valley Creek). steelhead - Central FT/SSC Requires beds of loose, silt-free, coarse gravel for None: No suitable California Coast ESU spawning. Also needs cover, cool water and habitat present on Onchorhynchus mykiss sufficient dissolved oxygen. Occurs in 3 tributaries site. to Monterey Bay (Pajaro, Salinas and Carmel Rivers), in the small streams of the Big Sur Coast and small intermittent streams in San Luis Obispo County, south to Point Conception. Amphibians California tiger FE (Sonoma Breeds in temporary or semi-permanent pools. None – no suitable salamander County)/PC Seeks cover in rodent burrows in grasslands and habitat. Ambystoma T oak woodlands. californiense

foothill yellow-legged SC/ SSC Inhabits permanent, flowing stream courses with a None – no suitable frog cobble substrate and a mixture of open canopy habitat. Rana boylii riparian vegetation.

California red-legged FT/SSC Prefers semi-permanent and permanent stream None – no suitable frog pools, ponds and creeks with emergent and/or habitat. Rana draytonii riparian vegetation. Occupies upland habitat especially during the wet winter months Reptiles

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Common Name Status Habitat Affinities and Reported Occurrence for Scientific Name USFWS/ Localities in the Project Area Potential CDFW western pond turtle SC/ SSC Prefers permanent, slow-moving creeks, streams, None – no suitable Emys marmorata ponds, rivers, marshes and irrigation ditches with habitat. marmorata basking sites and a vegetated shoreline. Requires upland sites for egg-laying. Birds Great blue heron MB/ SSC Nests colonially in large trees near water None – no suitable Ardea herodius habitat.

white-tailed kite MB/CFP Inhabits low rolling foothills and valley margins Absent – would Elanus leucurus with scattered oaks and river bottom- lands or have been detected. marshes adjacent to deciduous woodlands. Prefers open grasslands, meadows and marshes for foraging close to isolated, dense-topped trees for nesting and perching.

Osprey -/SSC Nests in large trees within 15 miles of good fish- None – no suitable Pandion haliaetus producing water body. habitat. Mammals pallid bat -/SSC Day roosts in crevices and cavities in rock Antrozous pallidus outcrops, mines, caves, buildings, bridges, as well Low – marginal as hollows and cavities in a wide variety of tree habitat in larger species. May roost alone, in small groups (2 to 20 trees with crevices bats), or in 100s in maternity roosts, with males and cavities. and non-reproductive subadults in other, smaller roosts. Winter roosts are not well known, but are similar to roosts when active High reliance on oak woodland habitat in many portions of its range in California, but uses a wide variety of vegetative habitat for foraging. Forages on larger prey taken on the ground or in the air, usually within 6-km of the day roost. Species reported 1.0 miles E (CNDDB 2014). Townsend’s big-eared -/SSC Day roosts in cave analogs; mines, buildings, None – no suitable bat (Proposed bridges, sometimes large tree hollows. habitat. Corynorhinus townsendii for State Particularly sensitive to roost disturbance, this Listing – species has declined throughout its range in 10/18/12) California. Switches roosts seasonally, sometimes within each season. Females form maternity colonies, males roost singly, and all disperse widely after maternity season. During winter, roosts in cold, but non-freezing roosts, which may include man-made structures. Forages in a variety of habitats, consistently in riparian and stream corridors, avoiding open habitat. May commute relatively long distances to forage.

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Common Name Status Habitat Affinities and Reported Occurrence for Scientific Name USFWS/ Localities in the Project Area Potential CDFW Western red bat -/SSC Roosts in foliage of large shrubs and trees in High – suitable Lasiurus blossevillii woodland borders, rivers, agricultural areas, and roosting habitat in urban areas with mature trees. Typically found in mature trees. large cottonwoods, sycamores, walnuts and willows associated with riparian habitats. Solitary when roosting, except when females are with young (from 2 to 5 are born). Forages over mature orchards, oak woodland, low elevation conifer forests, riparian corridors, non-native trees in urban and rural residential areas, and around strong lighting. An individual was found within 3 miles of the project site (GT -personal observation). American badger -/SSC Inhabits open grasslands, savannas and mountain None – no suitable Taxidea taxus meadows near timberline. Requires abundant habitat burrowing mammals, their principal food source, and loose, friable soils.

U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE FE = federally listed Endangered FT = federally listed Threatened FC = federal candidate for listing FSC = federal Species of Concern MBTA = Migratory Bird Treaty Act.

CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND WILDLIFE CE = California listed Endangered CT = California listed as Threatened SSC = Species of Special Concern

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 40 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting

Appendix D: Plant species observed at the Airway Drive Project Site November 15, 2012, April 17 and May 15, 2013, July 23, and August 3, 2013.

Scientific Name Common Name Acacia melanoxylon* Blackwood acacia Acanthus mollis* Bear’s breech Acer negundo Box elder Acer rubrum* Red maple Acer saccharinum* Silver maple Acmispon americanus Spanish clover Acmispon brachycarpus Hill lotus Agave americana variegata* Century plant Albizia julibrissin* mimosa Alisma plantago-aquatica Water plantain Allium neapolitanum* White garlic Amaryllis belladonna* Naked ladies Anagallis arvensis* Scarlet pimpernel Anthirrhinum majus* Snapdragon Arbutus menziesii Madrone Arundo donax* Giant reed Asparagaus crispus* Basket asparagus Asparagus officinialis* Edible asparagus Avena barbata* Wild oat Avena fatua* Wild oat Baccharis pilularis Coyote brush Bergenia cordifolia* Heartleaf bergenia Brassica nigra* Black mustard Briza minor* Little quaking grass Bromus alopecuros* Weedy brome Bromus catharticus* Rescue grass Bromus diandrus* Ripgut brome Bromus hordaeceus* Soft chess Callistemon citrinus* Bottlebrush Calocedrus decurrens Incense cedar Carex densa Dense sedge Carex tumulicola Foothill sedge Carpobrotus edulis* Iceplant Celtis sinensis* Chinese hackberry Cercis canadensis* Eastern redbud Chamerion angustifolium Fireweed Cirsium vulgare* Bull thistle Citrus limon* Lemon Clytostoma callistegioides* Violet trumpet vine Convulvulus arvensis* Field bindweed Conyza bonariensis* Horseweed Cortaderia jubata* Jubata grass Cotoneaster franchetti* Francheti cotoneaster Crataegus sp.* Hawtorn Crinum sp.* Crinum lily Cupressus arizonica* Arizona cypress Cynara scolymus* Globe artichoke Cynodon dactylon* Bermuda grass Cyperus eragrostis Tall flatsedge Cyperus involucratus* Umbrella plant Daucus carota* Queen Anne’s lace, wild carrot Diospyros kaki* Japanese persimmon

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Scientific Name Common Name Dipsacus fullonum* Fuller’s teasel Eleocharis acicularis Needle spikerush Eleocharis macrostachya Spikerush Elymus triticoides Creeping wild rye Epilobium brachycarpum Willow herb Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii Giant horsetail Eriobotrya deflexa* Bronze loquat Eriobotrya japonica* Loquat Feijoa sellowiana* Pineapple guava Festuca bromoides* Six weeks fescue Festuca californica California fescue Festuca myuros* Rattail fescue Ficus carica* Fig Foeniculum vulgare* Fennel Fraxinus latifolia Oregon ash Gallium aparine* Stickywilly, bedstraw Genista monspessulana* French broom Geranium dissectum* Cut leaf geranium Geranium robertianum* Herb Robert Gleditsia triacanthos* Honey locust Hedera helix* English ivy Helminthotheca echioides* Bristly ox-tongue Hibiscus syriacus* Rose of Sharon Holcus lanatus* Velvet grass Hordeum brachyantherum Meadow barley Hordeum murinum ssp. gussoneanum* Mediterranean barley Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum* Hare barley Hyacinthoides hispanica* Spanish bluebells Hypochaeris radicata* Hairy cat’s-ear Iris germanica* German iris Juglans hindsii Northern California black walnut Juglans nigra* Black walnut Juncus balticus ssp. ater Baltic rush Juncus patens Common rush Juncus xiphiodes Iri-leafed rush Juniperus chinensis torulosa* Hollywood juniper Juniperus squamata* Blue star juniper Lagerstroemia indica* Crape myrtle Lamium amplexicale* Dead nettle Leesia oryzoides Rice cut grass Ligustrum japonicum texanum* Wax-leaf privent Ligustrum lucidum* Glossy privet Ligustrum ovalifolium* California privet Lonicera japonica* Japanese honeysuckle Lotus corniculatus* Bird’s-foot trefoil Lupinus bicolor Dwarf lupine Lychnis coronaria* Rose campion Lythrum hyssopifolium* Hyssop loosestrife Malva nicaeensis* Bull mallow Medicago polymorpha* Bur clover Melaleuca armillaris* Drooping melaleuca Melilotus officinalis* Yellow sweetclover Melissa officinalis* Lemon balm Mentha pulegium* Pennyroyal Morus rubra* Red mulberry

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Scientific Name Common Name Opuntia ficus-indica* Prickly pear Oxalis pes-caprae* Bermuda buttercup Paspalum dilitatum* Dallis grass Philadelphus lewisii Mock orange Phyllostachys aurea* Golden bamboo Pinus radiata* Monterey pine Poa pratensis* Kentucky bluegrass Polypogon monspeliensis* Rabbit’s-foot grass Prunus cerasifera* Cherry plum Prunus persica* Peach Punica granatum nana* Dwarf pomegranate Pyracantha coccinea* Firethorn Pyrus calleryana* Callery pear Pyrus communis * Common pear Quercus agrifolia Coast live oak Quercus garryana Oregon white oak Quercus lobata Valley oak Ranunculus muricatus* Spiny fruited buttercup Rosa wichurana* ‘Dr. Huey’ rose Rubus armeniacus* Himalayan blackberry Rumex acetosella* Sheep sorrel Rumex crispus* Curly dock Rumex pulcher* Fiddle dock Rumex salicifolius Willow dock Salix laevigata Red willow Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra Shining willow Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea Blue elderberry Schoenoplectus acutus Common tule Schoenoplectus mirocarpus Panicled bulrush Scrophularia californica California bee plant Senecio vulgaris* Common groundsel Sequoia sempervirens Coast redwood Sonchus asper* Prickly sow thistle Sonchus oleraceus* Common sow thistle Spergula arvensis* Corn spurrey Spiraea prunifolia* Bridal wreath spiraea Syringa vulgaris* Lilac Taxus baccata* English yew Torilis arvensis* Hedge parsley Toxicodendron diversilobum Poison oak Tragopogon porrifolius* Salsify or oyster plant Typha domingensis Southern cattail Typha latifolia Common cattail Ulmus alata* Winged elm Ulmus americana* American elm Viburnum tinus* Laurustinus Vicia sativa* Spring vetch Vinca major* Periwinkle Viola odorata* Sweet violet Vitis californica California wild grape Vitis vinifera* Wine grape Xanthium strumarium Cocklebur Zantedeschia aethiopica* Calla lily

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Appendix E: Wildlife Species Observed at the Airway Drive Project Site - May 24, 2013

Scientific Name Common Name

Callipepla californica California quail Calypte anna Anna's hummingbird Picoides nuttallii Nuttall's woodpecker Sayornis nigricans Black phoebe Aphelocoma californica Western scrub jay Meleagris gallopavo Wild turkey Corvus brachyrhynchos American crow Poecile rufescens Chestnut-backed chickadee Junco hyemalis Dark-eyed junco Pipilo crissalis California towhee Turdus migratorius American robin Haemorhous mexicanus house finch Baeolophus inornatus Oak titmouse Bombycilla cedrorum Cedar Waxwing Colaptes auratus Northern flicker Melospiza melodia American song sparrow

Odoicoileus hemionius californicus Black-tailed deer (sign) Procyon lotor Raccoon (sign)

3731, 3745, 3737 Airway Drive, Santa Rosa Wildlife Research Associates and Habitat Assessment 44 Jane Valerius Environmental Consulting