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Mohamed Fahmy Égypte : Mohamed Fahmy

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Mohamed Fahmy Égypte : Mohamed Fahmy Canadian Political Parties – Comparison and Facts Partis politiques canadiens – comparaison et faits CJPME 2015 Election Guide / Guide électoral 2015 de CJPMO EGYPT: MOHAMED FAHMY ÉGYPTE : MOHAMED FAHMY Assessment / Évaluation Conservative Party of Canada / Parti conservateur du Canada C- New Democratic Party / Nouveau Parti démocratique A Liberal Party of Canada / Parti libéral du Canada B+ Bloc Québécois n/a - n.d. Green Party of Canada / Parti Vert du Canada B+ Executive Summary Sommaire The Canadian government’s attitude to Mohamed L’attitude du gouvernement canadien face à la Fahmy’s detention in Egypt for the past 20 months détention de Mohamed Fahmy en Égypte depuis 20 has appeared reluctant and unsympathetic, mois apparait réticente et peu compatissante, despite a strong worldwide campaign to free malgré une solide campagne mondiale en faveur de Fahmy and other Aljazeera journalists. At one la libération de Fahmy et des autres journalistes d’Al point, Foreign Affairs Minister Baird made Jazeera. À un moment, le ministre des Affaires comments suggesting that Fahmy’s Canadian étrangères, John Baird, a même fait un commentaire citizenship was somehow less significant because laissant entendre que la citoyenneté canadienne de of his dual Egyptian citizenship. In response, all Fahmy était en quelque sorte moins importante en raison de sa double nationalité (avec l’Égypte). En the opposition parties joined the #HarperCallEgypt réaction, tous les partis de l’opposition se sont joints movement, to push Harper to intervene with El- au mouvement #HarperCallEgypt, pour presser Sisi. The NDP, for its part, has been very pro-active Harper d’intervenir auprès d’al-Sisi. Le NPD, pour sa and creative in its handling of the Fahmy case, part, a été très proactif et créatif dans son traitement often several steps ahead of the government. The de l’affaire Fahmy, prenant souvent plusieurs Liberals have also responded very sympathetically, longueurs d’avance sur le gouvernement. Les though somewhat less creatively than the NDP: libéraux ont également réagi avec beaucoup de Trudeau, like Mulcair, phoned Fahmy in Egypt. bienveillance, même s’ils ont été un peu moins Elizabeth May and the Greens have also spoken créatifs que le NPD. Trudeau, comme Mulcair, a out strongly for Fahmy’s release. téléphoné à Fahmy en Égypte. Elizabeth May et les Verts se sont également exprimés haut et fort pour demander la libération de Fahmy. 110 Egypt – Mohamed Fahmy Page | 1 Background Contexte In December of 2013, Egyptian-born Canadian En décembre 2013, le journaliste canadien d’origine journalist Mohamed Fahmy was working for égyptienne Mohamed Fahmy travaillait pour la Aljazeera English when he was arrested and chaîne Al Jazeera English quand lui et plusieurs detained in Egypt along with several other autres journalistes ont été arrêtés et détenus en Aljazeera journalists. Along with colleagues, Égypte. À l’instar de ses collègues, Fahmy a été Fahmy was charged with being a member and accusé de de faire partie d’une organisation aiding a terrorist organization (the Egyptian terroriste (les Frères musulmans, selon le government citing the Muslim Brotherhood), gouvernement égyptien) et de collaborer avec celle- ci, de diffuser des reportages et des informations broadcasting false news and reports, and mensongères en plus de pratiquer le métier sans broadcasting without a license. Fahmy awaited permis. Des délais de procédure ont obligé Fahmy à trial in jail due to a number of legal delays until attendre la tenue de son procès en prison jusqu’en June, 2014, when Fahmy was found guilty by an 1 juin 2014. Il fut alors trouvé coupable devant un Egyptian court and sentenced to 7 years in prison. tribunal égyptien et condamné à 7 ans de prison1. En In July 2014, the judge provided his reasoning for juillet 2014, lors du prononcé de la sentence, le juge the sentence, saying that the Al-Jazeera journalists a mentionné que les journalistes d’Al-Jazeera avaient were brought together “by the devil” to destabilize été conviés par « le diable » pour déstabiliser 2 Egypt. Fahmy’s lawyer, Amal Clooney, argued that l’Égypte2. L’avocate de Fahmy, Amal Clooney, a there was literally no proof in the case against argumenté que l’Égypte n’avait aucune preuve Fahmy.3 tangible dans le cas Fahmy3. In January, 2015, an Egyptian court ordered a En janvier 2015, un tribunal égyptien a demandé un retrial, but did not release Fahmy on bail. In nouveau procès, mais n’a pas relâché Fahmy sous February, 2015, hoping to get a pardon under a caution. En février 2015, dans l’espoir d’être gracié new law applying to non-Egyptians, Fahmy en vertu d’une nouvelle loi visant les non-Égyptiens, renounced his Egyptian citizenship. While the Fahmy a répudié sa citoyenneté égyptienne. Même si Egyptian government did not pardon him, it did le gouvernement égyptien ne lui a pas accordé son allow him bail later that month. As of early August pardon, cette démarche lui a permis d’être libéré 2015, Fahmy awaits trial in Egypt, after a Cairo sous caution plus tard le même mois. Au début du court postponed the verdict until August 29th, mois d’août 2015, Fahmy attendait toujours son 2015.4 procès en Égypte, après qu’un tribunal du Caire a remis le verdict jusqu’au 29 août 20154. At various points during his incarceration, UN Lors de son incarcération, le secrétaire général des Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon, US President Nations Unies Ban Ki-Moon, le président américain Obama, the president of the EU, and leaders in Barack Obama, le président de l’UE et plusieurs Canada and Australia each urged Egypt to release dirigeants canadiens et australiens ont demandé à Fahmy and the two other Aljazeera journalists. l’Égypte de relâcher Fahmy et les deux autres During his 13-month incarceration, Fahmy journalistes d’Al-Jazeera. Durant son suffering in freezing and dirty cells, and from a emprisonnement de 13 mois, Fahmy a souffert d’une previous shoulder injury and hepatitis C. épaule blessée dans des cellules froides et sales, en plus de contracter l’hépatite C. Conservative Position When Egyptian authorities arrested Mohamed Position des conservateurs Fahmy along with two of his colleagues in Lorsque les autorités égyptiennes ont arrêté December 2013, the Harper government not only Mohamed Fahmy et deux de ses collègues en failed to secure his release,5 it welcomed the décembre 2013, le gouvernement Harper n’a pas 5 ascendance of Egypt’s el-Sisi government despite seulement échoué à le faire libérer , il a aussi appuyé its increasingly authoritarian nature and alarming la montée en force du gouvernement d’al-Sissi, reports of human rights violations. Facing an malgré la nature de plus en plus autoritaire du onslaught of criticism over months of relative régime et son lourd bilan en matière de violations silence on the Fahmy’s case, Foreign Affairs des droits de la personne. Pour expliquer son 110 Egypt – Mohamed Fahmy Page | 2 Minister John Baird blamed the journalist’s dual inaction et pour répondre aux nombreuses critiques, Canadian-Egyptian citizenship, claiming it made le ministre des Affaires étrangères, John Baird, a the matter “somewhat more complicated.”6 Some laissé sous-entendre que la double citoyenneté de experts disagreed that Fahmy’s dual citizenship Fahmy (canado-égyptienne) rendait la donne 6 should impact Canada’s response. Toronto « passablement plus compliquée » . Certains experts immigration and human rights lawyer Lorne ont toutefois soutenu que la double citoyenneté de Waldman argued, “[dual citizenship] hasn’t Fahmy ne devait pas influencer les démarches du prevented Canada in many other cases from Canada. L’avocat torontois en immigration et droits intervening and it shouldn’t prevent Canada from de la personne Lorne Waldman a avancé que « [la double citoyenneté] n’a pas empêché le Canada expressing its concern in this case.” 7 d’intervenir dans plusieurs autres cas et ne devrait In a desperate effort and display of solidarity, pas l’empêcher d’exprimer ses préoccupations dans Canadians resorted to an online campaign — le cas présent.7 » #HarperCallEgypt — in order to pressure their Dans un élan de solidarité désespéré, des Canadiens Prime Minister to urgently lobby for Fahmy’s 8 ont lancé la campagne Internet #HarperCallEgypt release. In June 2014, filmmaker John Greyson pour faire pression sur le premier ministre et lui and Dr. Tarek Loubani, also arrested by Egyptian demander d’appuyer la libération de Fahmy de toute authorities in 2013 but released after 50 days, urgence8. En juin 2014, le réalisateur John Greyson et called on Conservatives’ foot-dragging response to le docteur Tarek Loubani, également arrêtés par les help their fellow countryman, “Mr. Harper and Mr. autorités égyptiennes en 2013 et relâchés après 50 Baird must demand Mr. Fahmy’s release loudly jours, ont décrié l’inaction des conservateurs et and publicly, as they demanded ours.”9 déclaré : « MM. Harper et Baird doivent exiger haut et fort la libération de M. Fahmy, comme ils l’avaient Following his release on bail in February 2015, fait lors de notre détention.9 » Fahmy has blamed Canada, particularly Harper and Baird, for failing to fight for his freedom.10 Après sa libération sous caution en février 2015, Although Fahmy was issued a new Canadian Fahmy a critiqué le Canada – Harper et Baird en passport and is awaiting a retrial, many have particulier – pour avoir échoué dans la lutte pour sa 10 questioned Harper’s determination to help him.11 libération . Même si Fahmy a reçu un nouveau Fahmy himself accused Harper of not bothering to passeport canadien et qu’il est en attente d’un nouveau procès, plusieurs ont remis en cause la speak directly with el-Sisi on the case — unlike the 11 Australian Prime Minister, who had successfully détermination de Harper à aider le journaliste .
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