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Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations NATIONAL FOREST ASSESSMENT WORKING PAPER: NATIONAL FOREST ASSESSMENT FOR FOREST POLICY ANALYSIS PHILIPPINES Rome, July 2005 National Forest Assessments Programme Working Paper 5 Rome 2005 The National Forest Assessments Programme Forests are crucial for the well being of humanity. They provide foundations for life on earth through ecological functions, by regulating the climate and water resources and by serving as habitats for plants and animals. Forests also furnish a wide range of essential goods such as wood, food, fodder and medicines, in addition to opportunities for recreation, spiritual renewal and other services. Today, forests are under pressure from increasing demands of land-based products and services, which frequently leads to the conversion or degradation of forests into unsustainable forms of land use. When forests are lost or severely degraded, their capacity to function as regulators of the environment is also lost, increasing flood and erosion hazards, reducing soil fertility and contributing to the loss of plant and animal life. As a result, the sustainable provision of goods and services from forests is jeopardized. In response to the growing demand for reliable information on forest and tree resources at country and global levels, FAO initiated a programme to provide support to national forest assessments (NFA). The programme includes developing a harmonized approach to NFAs, information management and support to policy impact analysis for national level decision-making. The purpose of the initiative is to introduce countries to an alternative approach designed to generate cost-effective information on forests and trees outside forests, including all benefits, uses and users of the resources and their management. Special attention is placed on monitoring the state and changes of forests, and on their social, economic and environmental functions. Another main objective is to build national capacities and harmonize methods, forest related definitions and classification systems among countries. The Forest Resources Assessment Programme is organized under the Forest Resources Division (FOR) at FAO headquarters in Rome. Contact persons are: Mohamed Saket, Forestry Officer, [email protected] Dan Altrell , Forestry Officer, [email protected] Anne Branthomme, Forestry Officer, [email protected] or use the e-mail address: [email protected] Produced by Antonio P. Carandang, Ph. D., Forestry Policy Analyst, FAO-FMB, Forest Resources Assessment Project and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Forest Management Bureau, Quezon City, Philippines. DISCLAIMER The Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) Working Paper Series is designed to reflect the activities and progress of the FRA Programme of FAO. Working Papers are not authoritative information sources – they do not reflect the official position of FAO and should not be used for official purposes. Please refer to the FAO forestry website (www.fao.org/forestry) for access to official information. The FRA Working Paper Series provides an important forum for the rapid release of preliminary findings needed for validation and to facilitate the final development of official quality- controlled publications. Should users find any errors in the documents or have comments for improving their quality they should contact [email protected] 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. 4 2. NFA PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION .............................................................................................................. 6 2.1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................... 6 2.2. INVENTORY DESIGN AND DATA COLLECTION APPROACH ............................................................................ 6 2.3 DATA ENTRY AND DATA PROCESSING ........................................................................................................... 7 2.4 DATA ANALYSIS AND DATA INTERPRETATION.............................................................................................. 7 3. NFA SUPPORT TO NATIONAL POLICY DISCUSSIONS ............................................................................ 7 3.1 NATIONAL FOREST POLICY ORIENTATIONS.................................................................................................. 7 3.2 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF PRESENT POLICIES................................................................................. 9 a. Current situation of forest policy.................................................................................................................. 9 b. Strength of the forestry sector..................................................................................................................... 10 3.3 KEY FORESTRY SECTOR ISSUES .................................................................................................................. 11 3.3.1 Key Issues and concerns related to NFA................................................................................................. 12 Issue no. 1: Shrinking forests and forest resources.............................................................................................................. 12 (i) Land ownership statistics.................................................................................................................................. 13 (ii) Uses/users on public land vs. private land ....................................................................................................... 13 (iii) Impact of landless people............................................................................................................................. 14 (iv) Conflicts of products/service use, distribution of uses on public lands .................................................... 14 Issue no. 2: Sustainable use of forest and trees resources................................................................................................... 15 (i) Management of forest and trees outside protected areas system................................................................... 15 (ii) Sustainable supply of goods and services......................................................................................................... 15 (iii) Role of the sector in food security .............................................................................................................. 17 (iv) Role of gender in resources management and utilization.......................................................................... 17 Issue no. 3: Strengthen markets for forest products............................................................................................................ 18 (i) Products derived from forest and trees outside forest.................................................................................... 18 (ii) By-product or product groups: trends in supply, end use, user distribution............................................... 20 (iii) Wood volumes and distribution by species................................................................................................. 22 (iv) Supply of products from Forest vs. Trees Outside Forest......................................................................... 23 Issue no. 4: Dwindling investments in plantation forests ................................................................................................... 23 (i) Planted resources............................................................................................................................................... 23 (ii) Incentives ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 (iii) Differences in concepts of forest in local and national levels .................................................................... 27 Issue no. 5: Improve management of protected areas.......................................................................................................... 27 (i) Information from protected areas.................................................................................................................... 28 (ii) Uses and users in reserves............................................................................................................................ 28 (iii) Comparison with overall protected areas map .......................................................................................... 28 Issue no. 6: Remaining information gaps ............................................................................................................................ 29 Criteria and Indicators for SFM................................................................................................................................. 29 Forest Health and Productivity................................................................................................................................... 29 Global Forest Resources Assessment (FAO).............................................................................................................. 30 4. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK.............................................................................................................
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