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Annual Report of Cultural Resources Management in the US Fish and Wildlife Service

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Annual Report of Cultural Resources Management in the US Fish and Wildlife Service Annual Report of Cultural Resources Management in the US Fish and Wildlife Service Fiscal Year 2018 NATIONAL WILDLIFE Ri"fUGi SYSTi M Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary…………………………………………..……2 2. Around the Refuge System…....................................................5 Appendix I Cultural Resource Management…………………………………….15 Museum Property……………………………………………………..31 2 Refuges are places where the people of today can renew the ties to their cultural heritage by viewing ancient and historic sites. These ties, delivered through the System's public use programs; strengthen the connection between wildlife and people." Fulfilling the Promise 1999 Executive Summary The Cultural Resources Program Annual Report has been developed to allow better understanding of what the program does, who it serves, its accomplishments and challenges, and how far reaching its efforts are within the US Fish and Wildlife Service (or Service). Cultural Resources are inextricably tied to natural resources and their importance, their fragility and their ability to help tell the great story of our public lands cannot be overstated. FY18 saw the Service Cultural Resources Program continue to make an impact on the projects and programs it supports. Our experts have developed innovative ways to ensure Service compliance with cultural resource related responsibilities and have continued to assist the field in moving mission critical projects forward. Additionally, cultural resources have become, more than ever, a launch point to successful partnerships between the Service and stakeholders to better preserve these irreplaceable resources; a tangible feature for our diverse audiences that can be used to enhance the visitor experience at our Refuges and Hatcheries. 3 Table 1 Cultural Resources Compliance and Museum Property by Region Compliance Activities FY18 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 Totals Number of completed NHPA Reviews this FY 112 70 669 102 125 509 31 138 1756 Number of uncompleted NHPA Review this FY 98 0 10 71 5 30 8 42 264 Number of archeological surveys this FY 46 4 11 12 6 49 5 49 182 Number of acres surveyed this FY 1700 110 115 900 25 1,500 4 1381 5735 Number of archeological sites this FY 4 0 10 67 0 10 1 10 102 Number of archeological recovery projects this FY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total number of historic buildings or structures in the Region 188 5 9 72 650 1243 47 53 2267 Number of condition assessments for historic buildings this FY 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 Dollars spent on condition assessments for historic buildings this FY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number of archaeological sites in the Region 935 590 3615 2626 1081 1,901 3962 1367 16077 Total Acreage surveyed for archaeological sites in the Region 5201 8,400 0 440400 25 100,000 620,820 1383 1176229 Total number of Paleontological sites in the Region 4 1 0 1 0 50 326 5 387 4 Region 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Archaeology 72184 15000 1514185 395,401 115316 1000100 64890 15227 0 Art 5 0 128 36 418 25 0 23 0 Ethnography 2 0 0 5 4 0 0 2 82 History 1555 0 396 208 1434 15897 93 67 100000 Archives 25 0 1894 1260000 37880 73423 1500 4 33400 Biology 480 2 320 1266 6171 0 0 210 0 Paleontology 806 0 2 71 63 14380 38 64 0 Geology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 “We [Refuges] also strive to expand the application of science within the Refuge System beyond biological sciences and include physical, social, historical and cultural sciences in our programs and management.” Conserving the Future 2011 Around the Refuge System Throughout FY18 Service cultural resources staff engaged in Science and Research projects that collected and used data recovered from archaeological and historic sites. These data can be applied to larger issues, such as climate change, and can be used to help understand why a habitat has changed over time. Training projects help illustrate the importance of historical resources and provide guidance for their preservation to Service employees. Partnership opportunities help continue or establish corroborations between Service and other organizations. Tribes are an important partner when it comes to cultural resources and their cooperation is invaluable. Education and Outreach projects, a cornerstone of the Service, take on a new dimension when coupled to archaeology and history. The interest people have in these subject areas connect well to larger environmental education programs already in place on Refuges and Hatcheries. .. pare-,to i:uoo•• Vtrgln & l'9iands Figure 1. Regions of the US Fish and Wildlife Service 6 Headquarters Education and Outreach In 2018, HQ worked with Patuxent staff to secure new interpretive signage for its historic DDT worm plots—data from which helped Rachel Carson develop her thesis on the effects of DDT on raptor egg shells. The new sign better illustrates the biological and historical importance of the area for visitors and is the latest means by which the Refuge is using its history to enhance the visitor experience. Figure 2. New sign installed at Patuxent Research Refuge Refuge System Historic Preservation Award Refuge staff Robin Will and Terry Peacock (and Regional Archaeologist Rick Kanaski) with the support of project leader Dan Frisk and through a partnership with the St. Marks Refuge Association, Inc., have worked to restore the St. Marks Lighthouse (figure 3), a National Register-listed property transferred to the Service from the U.S. Coast Guard in 2013. As part of this effort, the Association has been tireless in its goal of preserving the lighthouse and has successfully competed for Florida Bureau of Historic Preservation Grants, which facilitated restoration of the Fresnel lens, the lantern room, and its gallery in 2016 and the restoration of the remainder of the lighthouse, as well as development of interpretive exhibits in 2018. The lighthouse was formally re-opened to the public in May, 2018. 7 Figure 3. St Marks Lighthouse restored and reopened for the public. 8 The Northwest and Pacific Hawaii Figure 5. Newly renovated Keeper’s Quarters). Partnership Kilauea Point NWR's Historic Midway Atoll and Regional Cultural Lighthouse Keeper's Quarters #1 Resources staff were honored with a (figure 5) underwent renovation that Preservation Award from the was completed in February. Lead Historic Hawaii Foundation. The paint was painstakingly removed from award is for the preservation of murals all exposed surfaces inside and out of (figure 4) depicting Midway during the building. The interior was WW II, which were painstakingly repainted, windows were replaced moved off the Atoll to the Pacific with period appropriate, double-hung- Aviation museum at Pearl Harbor for wooden frame windows that match the restoration, preservation, and display. original style of windows installed in the Lighthouse; damaged window sills were rebuilt, and wooden floors were refurbished. This work done by Niking Corporation has been nominated for a preservation award from Historic Hawai'i Foundation. Similar work is needed on the other two historic Light keeper’s Quarters as Operations and Maintenance funds become available. Figure 4. A rescued Midway Mural on exhibit at the Pacific Aviation Museum The Southwest The analysis will be in support of the student’s dissertation research and involves consuming (destroying) the pottery in order to record released isotopic material useful in determining the chemical composition of paints and other surface treatments used on the pottery. The results will be compared to similar studies on pottery from other sites in central Science and Research New Mexico. An archaeology graduate student The testing will be conducted in the from the University of Arizona is Geosciences Department at the performing analysis of prehistoric University of Arizona. This type of pottery recovered from a Late consumptive study is authorized Prehistoric Pueblo site on the under the "scientific use" provision of Bosque del Apache National Wildlife the federal archeological collections Refuge in central New Mexico; the regulations (36 CFR 79.10). materials are currently housed at the Maxwell Museum in Albuquerque. The Southeast Figure 6 and 7. The lighthouse and interior of North room Education and Outreach Savannah National Wildlife Refuge Partnership Restoration of the National Register- hosted its most recent ‘Discovery Day’ listed St. Marks Lighthouse [St. event on March 10, 2018. The event Marks NWR, FL] has been was well attended with one of the completed (figures 6 and 7). The most visited attractions being the Refuge and the Friends of the St. Archaeology Unit (figure 8). Marks National Wildlife Refuge hosted a "Celebration" at the lighthouse to recognize and thank the many individuals and groups involved in the restoration. The work was partially funded by a Florida Division of Historical Resources' preservation grant. Figure 8. Guests enjoying the mock archaeological dig and presentations by Refuge staff. The Northeast would travel with the logs, using augers and dynamite to pick apart immense jams. There would even be a raft called a Wannigan that provided meals and rest for the river-men. This was dangerous and difficult work, and provided spectacle for the communities along the Connecticut River. People would set up picnics and watch the logs float down and completely overtake the river. This treacherous work was common place from 1870-1915. Log drives on the Connecticut River lasted until about 1940, but the last large drive was in 1915. The river-men who risked life and limb for the timber industry have Education and Outreach become a sort of legend in the area, Recently, Elizabeth Rush, Cultural and are considered the cowboys of Resources intern for Region 5, visited New England. a winter timber sale at the Nulhegan Basin Division of Silvio O Conte National Wildlife Refuge in Brunswick, Vermont.
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