Venezuela VENEZUELA Severity of Access Constraints As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access VENEZUELAAs of December 2019 Humanitarian Access As of December 2019 KEY MESSAGES HUMANITARIAN ACCESS The operational capacity of humanitarian actors has CONSTRAINTS increased in 2019 withVENEZUELA over 75 organizations operating in 231 Restrictions related to climate, terrain, municipalities in all Humanitarian24 states. As the response Access has expanded,- Field Coordination goods Hub or lackin ofMaracaibo infrastructure 67 humanitarian actors have been confronted with several VENEZUELA Denial of the existence of humanitarian As of December 2019 63 challenges in terms of access to the most vulnerable people. needs or the right to assistance The main challengesHumanitarian are: Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo 57 InsufficientAs of funding December of the 2019 humanitarian response Bureaucratic impediments limits its scale up and the delivery of essential goods Restrictions of affected populations’ access 53 and services. Thirty four per cent of the US$223 to services and assistance million required was received for the implementation Popular protests 47 of the HumanitarianVENEZUELA Response Plan (July-December 2019) Insecurity 30 The politicizationHumanitarian of humanitarian Access assistance - Field has CoordinationDiversion Hubor interference in Caracas in the delivery VENEZUELAAs of December 2019 of aid and the implementation of 27 had a negative impact on the acceptance of aid and humanitarian activities stressesHumanitarian the importance of ensuringAccess the - respectField forCoordination Incidents Hub againstin Caracas humanitarian goods, installations and personnel 7 humanitarianAs of principlesDecember by 2019 all stakeholders, at all levels.

Note: % of survey respondents who indicated this constraint as one of the Logistical impediments across the country, due main ones they face to the lack of fuel and the functioning of basic services VENEZUELAsuch as electricity, transportation SEVERITY OF CONSTRAINTS and telecommunications, limit the capacity of humanitarianHumanitarian organizations toAccess reach vulnerable - Field Coordination335 municipalities Hub in San Cristóbal Creation date: 10 de diciembre de 2019 Sources: Workshop in the eld coordination hubs and access survey. Feedback: [email protected] www.unocha.org/venezuela populations,VENEZUELAAs of as December well as the 2019 access of these populations to humanitarian assistance and www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela236 municipalities with 99 municipalities without Humanitarian Access - Field Coordinationinformation aboutHub access in San Cristóbalinformation about access services.As of December 2019 The denial of the existence of humanitarian needs is a challenge for the work of humanitarian actors in Areas with occasional access constraints some areas, and impacts the ability of collecting the necessary data to design appropriate interventions. Areas with regular access VENEZUELA constraints Bureaucratic impediments affect the entry of organizations,Humanitarian personnel and Access goods into -the Field Coordination Hub in CiudadAreas Guayana with high access constraints country, VENEZUELAespeciallyAs of December for international 2019 NGOs, and limit operationsHumanitarian and movements withinAccess the country. - Field Coordination Hub in CiudadAreas Guayana without enough information The presenceAs of ofDecember irregular armed2019 groups in IMPACT some areas and popular demonstrations impact • Temporary suspension of / delay and reprogramming of humanitarian access to vulnerable populations. missions, activities and operations • Permanent suspension / cancelling of operations and METHODOLOGY missions • Absence of legal security NATIONAL ORKSHOPS ITH • Security risks for humanitarian actors SURVEY HUMANITARIAN ACTORS (September 2019) (September-October 2019) • Reduction in or partial delivery of assistance

31 responses 5 regional workshops • Increase in operational cost (San Cristobal, Ciudad Guayana, Maracaibo, Caracas y Santa Ana de Coro) • Challenges for project design and resource mobilization 27 organizations 159participants repre- • Lack of coordination and communication with authorities, senting humanitarian partners the affected population and humanitarian personnel in the field The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.org www.unocha.org/venezuela www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela 1

Aruba

Curacao Grenada

Mar Caribe FALCN NUEA ESPARTA

ARACU DIST\!RITO SUCRE CAPITAL CARABOBO LARA ARAGUA MIRANDA Lago de Maracaibo

TRUJILLO MONAGAS ULIA COJEDES PORTUGUESA GURICO DELTA ANOTEGUI AMACURO MRIDA BARINAS

TCHIRA

APURE

BOLAR

Severity of access constraints

Areas with occasional access constraints AMAONAS Areas with regular access constraints Areas with high access constraints Areas without enough information Admin 1 borders Admin 2 borders !\ Capital District

2 VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas As of December 2019

SEVERITY OF ACCESS CONSTRAINTS

FALCON !La Guaira VENEZUELA DISTRITO VENEZUELASan ARGAS C!\APITAL !Felipe ! Humanitarian Access - FieldMar aCoordinationcay Los Teques Hub in Maracaibo ARACU ! MIRANDA !alencia LARA HumanitarianAs of December 2019 AccessCARABOBO - Field CoordinationSan Juan Hub in San Cristóbal As of December 2019 de los

!Morros ARAGUA ULIA San Carlos ! ANOATEGUI

TRUJILLO VENEZUELACOJEDES !Guanare PORVENEZUELATUGUESA MERIDA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas GUARICO Nacional AsHumanitarian of December 2019 Access - Field Coordination Hub in Ciudad Guayana Mapas CCTs As of December 2019 335 municipalities Ciudad Guayana BARINAS206 municipalitiesCaracas with 129 municipalities without information about access information about access

VENEZUELAAreas with occasional access HumanitarianconstraintsAPUR AccessE - Field Coordination Hub in SanBOLIAR Cristóbal As of DecemberAreas with2019 regular access constraints Maracaibo Areas with high access constraints KEY ACCESSSan CONSTRAINTS Cristobal Areas without enough information Bureaucratic Insecurity Denial of the existence of Restrictions of affected impediments humanitarian needs or right populations’ access to VENEZUELA to assistance services and assistance Caracas Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination HubCiudad in Ciudad Guayana Guayana SEVERITY OFAs CONSTRAINTS of December 2019 METHODOLOGY The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.org75 municipalities www.unocha.org/venezuela in Ciudad Guayana Field Coordination Hub www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela107 municipalities in the Caracas Field Coordination Hub ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH 69 municipalities with 38 municipalities without HUMANITARIAN44 municipalities ACTORSwith 31 municipalities withoutHUMANITARIAN ACTORS HUMANITARIAN ACTORS HUMANITARIAN ACTORS information about access information about access information about access information about access

Areas with high access Areas with high access constraints 35 participants representingconstraints 21participants representing 29participants representing 38 participants representing Areas without enough humanitarian partners Areas without enough humanitarian partners humanitarian partners humanitarian partners information information

Maracaibo San Cristobal 3 75 municipalities in the Maracaibo Field Coordination Hub 78 municipalities in the San Cristobal Field Coordination Hub The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.org www.unocha.org/venezuela www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela70 municipalities with 5 municipalities without 53 municipalities with 25 municipalities without information about access information about access information about access information about access

Areas with occasional access Areas with occasional access constraints constraints Areas with regular access Areas with regular access constraints constraints Areas with high access Areas with high access constraints constraints

Areas without enough Areas without enough information information VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in San Cristóbal As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Ciudad Guayana HumanitarianAs of December 2019 Access As of December 2019

SEVERITY OF ACCESS CONSTRAINTS NUEA ! ESPARTA La Asuncion ARGAS Cumana DISTR!\ITO ! SUCRE CAPITAL MIRANDA Barcelona MapasVENEZUELA CCTs ! CARABOBO ARAGUA Maturin Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination! Hub in Maracaibo Ciudad Guayana Caracas As of December 2019 MONAGAS

!Tucupita DELTA GUARICO ANOATEGUI AMACURO Ciudad Bolivar Maracaibo San Cristobal! BARINASVENEZUELA

HumanitarianAPURE Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas The boundaries, names and designationsAs of December used do not imply 2019 official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.org www.unocha.org/venezuela www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela

Nacional BOLIAR

335 municipalities VENEZUELA 206 municipalities with 129 municipalities without information about access information about access Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in San Cristóbal As of December 2019 Areas with occasional access constraints

Areas with regular access constraints AMAONAS Areas with high access constraints KEY ACCESS CONSTRAINTS Areas without enough information Constraints VENEZUELArelated Restrictions of affected Brasil Popular protests Bureaucratic to climate, terrain, populations’ access to impediments goods or lackHumanitarian of Accessservices - andField assistance Coordination Hub in Ciudad Guayana infrastructureCoAslom bofia December 2019 Caracas Ciudad Guayana SEVERITY OF CONSTRAINTS METHODOLOGY

107 municipalities in the Caracas Field Coordination Hub 75 municipalities in Ciudad Guayana Field Coordination Hub ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH 69 municipalities with 38 municipalities without 44 municipalities with 31 municipalities without information about access information about access informationHUMANITARIAN about access ACTORSinformation about access HUMANITARIAN ACTORS HUMANITARIAN ACTORS HUMANITARIAN ACTORS

Areas with occasional access Areas with occasional access constraints constraints

Areas with regular access Areas with regular access 23 organizations 12 organizations 16 organizations 2 workshops constraints constraints (Maracaibo y Santa Ana de Coro)

Areas with high access Areas with high access constraints constraints

Areas without enough 35 participantsAreas without enough representing 21participants representing 29participants representing 38 participants representing information humanitarianinformation partners humanitarian partners humanitarian partners humanitarian partners 4 Maracaibo San Cristobal The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.org www.unocha.org/venezuela www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela 75 municipalities in the Maracaibo Field Coordination Hub 78 municipalities in the San Cristobal Field Coordination Hub 70 municipalities with 5 municipalities without 53 municipalities with 25 municipalities without information about access information about access information about access information about access

Areas without enough Areas without enough information information VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access As of December 2019

VENEZUELAVENEZUELA HumanitarianHumanitarian Access Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo Mapas CCTsAsAs ofof DecemberDecember 20192019

VENEZSEVERITYUELACiudad GuayanaOF ACCESS CONSTRAINTSCaracas BORRADOR PARA USO INTERNO - NO DISTRIBUIR Niveles de Severidad de Acceso Humanitario Centro de Coordinación en Maracaibo Octubre de 2019 Nacional VENEZUELA VENEZUELAHumanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo 335 municipalities HumanitarianAs of December 2019 Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas Maracaibo San Cristobal 206 municipalitiesAs with of December 2019 129 municipalities without !Coro information about access information about access

FALCON Areas with occasional access ivel de Severidad de cceso Humanitario constraints Zonas accesibles Mar Caribe Zonas moderadamente accesibles Areas with regular accessMarac aibo Zonas con altas limitaciones de acceso ! VENEZUELAconstraints Zonas sin información suficiente

Límite de Estados VENEZUELA ARAGUA Areas with high access constraints Límite de Municipios Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas ! Capital de Estado Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in San CristóbalARACU As of December 2019 CARABOBO Areas without enough information LARA Barquisimeto As of December 2019 !

Lago de Maracaibo TRUJILLO Trujillo COJEDES ! Ciudad Guayana Caracas VENEZUELAULIA PORTUGUESA 107 municipalities in theVENEZUELAHumanitarian Caracas Field Coordination Access Hub - Field Coordination Hub75 municipalities in San in CiudadCristóbal Guayana Field Coordination Hub As of December 2019 69 municipalities withHumanitarian 38 municipalities Access without - Field Coordination Hub44 municipalities in Ciudad with Guayana 31 municipalities without information about access MERIDA information about access informationGUARIC aboutO access As of Decemberinformation 2019 about access BARINAS TACHIRA

Areas with occasional access Areas with occasional access Creation date: 10 Octubre de 2019 Sources: Talleres en centroconstraintss de coord inacin en terreno Feedback: dicelisun.org constraints www.unocha.org/venezueKEYla www.re lACCESSiefweb.int CONSTRAINTS Areas with regular access Areas with regular access Bureaucratic Denial of the existence of Constraints related to constraintsclimate, constraints impediments humanitarian needs or right to terrain, goods or lack of VENEZUELAAreas with high access Areas with high access constraints assistance infrastructure constraints Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Ciudad Guayana Diversion or interferenceAreas without enough Areas without enough information information in the deliveryAs of of December aid and 2019 implementation of activities Maracaibo San Cristobal SEVERITY OF CONSTRAINTS METHODOLOGY

75 municipalities in the Maracaibo Field Coordination Hub 78 municipalities in the San Cristobal Field Coordination Hub ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH HUMANITARIAN ACTORS HUMANITARIAN ACTORS 70 municipalitiesHUMANITARIAN with 5 municipalitiesACTORS without HUMANITARIAN53 municipalities ACTORS with 25 municipalities without information about access information about access information about access information about access

Areas with occasional access Areas with occasional access constraints constraints The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. organizations organizations Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshopsorganizations in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.orgworkshops www.unocha.org/venezuela 23 12 16Areas with regular access 2 Areas with regular access www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela (Maracaibo y Santa Ana de Coro) constraints constraints Areas with high access Areas with high access 35 participants representing 21participants representing 29constraintsparticipants representing 38 participants representingconstraints humanitarian partners humanitarian partners humanitarianAreas without enough partners humanitarian partners Areas without enough information information

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo As of December 2019

VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas As of December 2019

VENEZUELA HumanitarianVENEZUELA Access - Field Coordination Hub in San Cristóbal Humanitarian Access VAsEN ofEZ DecemberUENLivAeles 2019 de Severidad de AccBeOsRRoA DOHR uPAmRAa UnSOit IaNTriEoRNO - NO DISTRIBUIR As of December 2019 Centro de Coordinación en San Cristóbal Octubre de 2019

SEVERITY OF ACCESS CONSTRAINTSLARA ARAGUA TRUJILLO COJEDES MONAGAS ULIA PORTUGUESA Barinas GUARICO !Merida ! ANOATEGUI MERIDA VENEZUELABARINAS San Fernando VENEZUELA de Apure TACHIRA ! Humanitarian! Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo HumanitarianSan Access - Field Coordination Hub in Ciudad Guayana AsCr iofsto Decemberbal 2019 Nacional As of December 2019 APURE

335 municipalities BOLiIAR Puerto 206 municipalities with 129 municipalities without Ayacucho Mapas CCTs ! information about access information about access Ciudad Guayana VENEZUELACaracas Areas with occasional access constraints Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas Areas with regular access As of December 2019 constraints

Areas with high access constraints AMAONAS

Areas without enough information Maracaibo San Cristobal VENEZUELA Caracas Ciudad GuayanaHumanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in San Cristóbal As of December 2019 The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. 107 municipalities in the Caracas Field Coordination Hub 75 municipalities in Ciudad Guayana Field Coordination Hub Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.org www.unocha.org/venezuela www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela 69 municipalities with 38 municipalities without 44KEY municipalities ACCESS with CONSTRAINTS31 municipalities without information about access information about access information about access Creation date: 1information0 Octubre aboutde 20 access19 Sources: Talleres en centros de coordinacin en terreno Feedback: dicelisun.org www.unocha.org/venezuela www.reliefweb.int Denial of the existence of Bureaucratic Constraints related Insecurity

Areas with occasional access humanitarianAreas needs with occasionalor right toaccess impediments to climate, terrain, constraints assistance constraints goods or lack of

Areas with regular access Areas with regular access infrastructure VENEZUELAconstraints constraints Areas with high access MovementHumanitarian Areas with high access Access - FieldPopular Coordination protests Hub inRestrictions Ciudad of Guayana affected constraints constraints restrictionsAs withinof December 2019 populations ‘access to Areas without enough Areas without enough information the country information services and assistance

Maracaibo San Cristobal SEVERITY OF CONSTRAINTS METHODOLOGY

75 municipalities in the Maracaibo Field Coordination Hub 78 municipalities in the San Cristobal Field Coordination Hub ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH ORKSHOPS ITH 70 municipalities with 5 municipalitiesHUMANITARIAN without ACTORS 53 municipalities with HUMANITARIAN25 municipalities ACTORS without HUMANITARIAN ACTORS HUMANITARIAN ACTORS information about access information about access information about access information about access

Areas with occasional access Areas with occasional access constraints constraints 23 organizations 12 organizations 16 organizations 2 workshops Areas with regular access Areas with regular access (Maracaibo y Santa Ana de Coro) constraints constraints Areas with high access Areas with high access constraints 35 participants representing 21constraintsparticipants representing 29participants representing 38 participants representing Areas without enough humanitarian partners humanitarianAreas without enough partners humanitarian partners humanitarian partners information information 6

KEY RECOMMENDATIONS

MONITORINGVENEZUELA AND ANALYSIS Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Maracaibo As of December 2019 Develop geographical analysis of access severity, extending it to areas without enough information and disaggregating it to the parish 1 administrative level in certain areas.

Establish a system for the monitoring and reporting of humanitarian VENEZUELA2 access constraints to strengthen advocacy. Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Caracas COORDINATIONAs of December 2019

Strengthen information exchange on access constraints and their 1 solutions among humanitarian actors in each field coordination hub. VENEZUELA Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in San Cristóbal As of December 2019 Use existing coordination structures to share information and develop 2 joint actions on humanitarian access.

OPERATIONS

Develop strategic alliances, particularly with community level actors, to VENEZUELA1 facilitate access. Humanitarian Access - Field Coordination Hub in Ciudad Guayana As of December 2019 Promote joint missions to mitigate problems related to transportation 2 and fuel. ADVOCACY

Develop joint humanitarian action, based on humanitarian principles, to depolticize aid and increase acceptance and trust among all 1 stakeholders.

Strengthen coordinated advocacy at the country and field coordination hub level with all stakeholders to mitigate constraints and facilitate 2 access to the most vulnerable populations at the national and field coordination hub level

The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Creation ate 05 February, 2020 Sources orkshops in the field coordination hubs and access survey. Feebac ocha-venezuelaun.org www.unocha.org/venezuela www.humanitarianresponse.org/operations/venezuela DEFINITIONS OF HUMANITARIAN ACCESS CONSTRAINTS IN VENEZUELA The following table outlines categories and sub-categories of access constraints in the country. This framework of analysis was updated to reflect the results of the workshops.

Access constraint Description – Sub-categories

Bureaucratic impediments for • Constraints for humanitarian staff to enter the country humanitarian personnel and • Constraints for humanitarian goods to enter the country goods • Long and excessive procedures; frequent changes in procedures • Constraints for the registration or the updating of the registration of humanitarian organizations • Financial transaction constraints • Lack of authorization for the movement of humanitarian actors and goods

Denial of the existence of • Restrictions in accessing data on humanitarian needs humanitarian needs or the right • Restrictions in entering or meeting with certain institutions or to assistance by stakeholders centres • Rejection of projects or support for humanitarian actors

Logistical constraints related to • Fuel shortages climate, terrain, goods or lack • Interruptions in the provision of public services (electricity, of infrastructure water, telecommunications, gas) • Lack of access to areas due to a deterioration in road conditions

Insecurity and/or military • Crossfire or shooting operations • Insecurity due to the presence of irregular armed groups or criminality • Presence of mines, explosive devices

Restrictions of affected • Lack of transportation or access to services and assistance populations’ access to services • Lack of information on how to access services and assistance and assistance • Insecurity in the community / on the way to access services and assistance

Physical restrictions on the • Checkpoints movement of humanitarian • Demonstrations or roadblocks by populations actors and goods within the • Lack of access to areas due to climatic conditions country

Diversion or interference • Diversion of aid in the delivery of aid and • Interference or attempted interference in the delivery of aid implementation of activitiess (selection of beneficiaries, selection of staff, selection of vendors)

Incidents against humanitarian • Incidents against humanitarian personnel (hostile surveillance goods, installations and and intimidation, ambush, kidnapping, detention or personnel interrogation, physical, sexual or verbal assault, extorsion, fraud) • Incidents against humanitarian facilities and assets (looting, theft) 8