DOCSLIB.ORG

A Feminist Ethnography of Migrant Sex Work Spaces in Kenya

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Feminist Ethnography of Migrant Sex Work Spaces in Kenya Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 12-16-2015 12:00 AM Sexual-Economic Entanglement: A Feminist Ethnography of Migrant Sex Work Spaces in Kenya Megan Lowthers The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Regna Darnell The University of Western Ontario Joint Supervisor Randa Farah The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Anthropology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy © Megan Lowthers 2015 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Lowthers, Megan, "Sexual-Economic Entanglement: A Feminist Ethnography of Migrant Sex Work Spaces in Kenya" (2015). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 3423. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/3423 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SEXUAL-ECONOMIC ENTANGLEMENT: A FEMINIST ETHNOGRAPHY OF MIGRANT SEX WORK SPACES IN KENYA (Thesis format: Monograph) by Megan Lowthers Graduate Program in Anthropology Collaborative Graduate Program in Migration and Ethnic Relations A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © Megan Lowthers 2015 Abstract The recent anti-trafficking fervour as well as the moral panic surrounding prostitution has given rise to large gaps within migrant sex work research, especially in Africa. Despite this, sexual commerce remains a viable economic activity for many women in East Africa, a region where variable migration patterns are central to everyday social, cultural, and economic life. Framed by anthropology, feminist geography, and postcolonial theory, this research examines migrant female sex workers’ everyday experiences across time, space, place, and scale from one ethnographic location in Naivasha, Kenya. In order to explore how different migration patterns and types of sexual-economic exchange are entangled, qualitative research was conducted among 110 migrant female sex workers and 15 community representatives. Emphasizing the public relevance of both sexual commerce and everyday migration, African literary tools also frame the migration stories of female sex workers originating from, arriving to, or transiting through Naivasha. This research reveals how street level sex work is reproduced amidst the current global political economy at migrant spaces including an IDP camp, flower farms, along East African highways, and through mobile phone technology. This research also contributes to a better understanding of the often excluded female sex worker – the displaced, migrant, or sex worker in transit – as a complete, engendered person by recognizing her complex lived realities, relationships, and risks. And while migration is predominantly associated with increased vulnerabilities, this research further demonstrates how different types of sexual-economic exchange through different migration patterns variously entangle victimhood and empowerment in complex ways. These findings are especially significant for interdisciplinary academic studies as well as policy and programming addressing sex worker migration in Africa. Keywords Feminist anthropology, Sex work, Migration, Kenya, East Africa, Internal displacement, Cut flower industry, Mobile phones, HIV/AIDS, Globalization ii Acknowledgments I am grateful to the many migrant female sex workers who invited me into their everyday experiences, taking the time to share with me intimate details of their life histories, working practices, and personal projects. I am especially thankful to my key informants who spent countless nights with me in nightclubs and along little K-Street recruiting participants and travelled with me from place to place collecting migration stories. I am most thankful to both Regna Darnell and Randa Farah, under whose co-supervision I have been supported, encouraged, and challenged; whose guidance has inspired and engaged me throughout my program of work; and, whose comments and discussions have contributed to this project in such invaluable ways. I am also grateful to my advisor, Belinda Dodson, for her thoughtful and substantial feedback that has also been both significant and valued through the completion of this research. I owe a great deal of thanks to the entire research team of the Lake Naivasha Sustainability Project at the University of Western Ontario and Egerton University and its funders, the International Development Research Centre in Nairobi. I am especially thankful to its Principal Investigators, Charlie Trick and Pamela Tsimbiri, for their extensive field support in Naivasha and I am grateful to have been a part of such an important, interdisciplinary research initiative and learning experience. I am truly indebted to Susan Jepkemoi, Vincent Kinyua, and Dorcas Njoroge who all substantially facilitated my research networks and contributed, on a daily basis, to the success of my research as colleagues, community members, and friends on this project. I am also thankful to a number of NGO workers in Naivasha who were critical to providing research networks and establishing rapport within the migrant sex worker community, especially Wanjiru Ngigi and Caroline Ngendo of Life Bloom Services International and Ruth Kamau of the AIDS, Population and Health Integrated Assistance Program. This project could not have been possible without funding from the Department of Anthropology, the Migration and Ethnic Relations Program, and the Africa Institute at the University of Western Ontario, as well as the Ontario Graduate Scholarship and the Social Sciences and Humanities Doctoral Fellowship, all of which I am thankful to for such iii generous support to document the migrant lives of the women sex workers that follow. Finally, I cannot acknowledge enough my family, friends, and loved ones who have endlessly listened, sat quietly in comfort, edited over and over, and travelled thousands of miles to so selflessly and equally share in both my struggles and achievements. For such unconditional encouragement, support, and understanding, especially to my parents James and Helen-Louise Lowthers and my sisters Erin McDonnell and Erica Lowthers: thank you. iv Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................. iii Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ v List of Maps ..................................................................................................................... viii List of Appendices ............................................................................................................. ix Chapter 1 ............................................................................................................................. 1 1 Rescaling Street Level Sex Work and Intra-African Migrations from Kenya ............... 1 1.1 Ethnography, Fiction, and Mobility ........................................................................ 1 1.2 The Sex Worker Migrant ........................................................................................ 5 1.3 Sex Work, Feminist Debates, and the “Third World Prostitute” ............................ 6 1.4 Transnational Sexual Commerce; or, Sexscapes .................................................... 9 1.5 HIV/AIDS, Stigma, and Everyday Hazards ......................................................... 13 1.6 Geographies of Gender, Power, and Affect in Sex Work ..................................... 17 1.7 Street Level Sex Work and Sexual-Economic Entanglement in the Postcolony .. 20 1.8 Methodology ......................................................................................................... 24 1.8.1 Feminist Ethnography and Sex Work Research ....................................... 24 1.8.2 Migrant Sex Worker Subjects, Mobility, and Methods ............................ 26 1.8.3 Migrant Female Sex Worker Subjects and Ethics .................................... 28 1.8.4 The Migrant Female Sex Worker Participant Profile ............................... 29 1.9 Chapter Organization ............................................................................................ 30 Chapter 2 ........................................................................................................................... 32 2 The Street ..................................................................................................................... 32 2.1 Histories of Street Level Prostitution in Africa .................................................... 33 2.2 Migration and Street Prostitution in Colonial East Africa .................................... 35 2.3 Forms of Street Level Prostitution in Colonial Nairobi ........................................ 37 2.4 Urban Geographies and Kenya’s Red Light District ............................................ 39 2.4.1 Interlude: “The Street is Kenya” ..............................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Transactional Fish-For-Sex Relationships Amid Declining Fish Access in Kenya
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Previously Published Works Title Transactional Fish-for-Sex Relationships Amid Declining Fish Access in Kenya Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2h4147m1 Journal World Development, 74(C) ISSN 0305-750X Authors Fiorella, KJ Camlin, CS Salmen, CR et al. Publication Date 2015-10-01 DOI 10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.05.015 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California World Development Vol. 74, pp. 323–332, 2015 0305-750X/Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. www.elsevier.com/locate/worlddev http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.05.015 Transactional Fish-for-Sex Relationships Amid Declining Fish Access in Kenya KATHRYN J. FIORELLA a,b, CAROL S. CAMLIN c, CHARLES R. SALMEN b,d, RUTH OMONDI b, MATTHEW D. HICKEY b,c, DAN O. OMOLLO b, ERIN M. MILNER a, ELIZABETH A. BUKUSI e, LIA C.H. FERNALD a and JUSTIN S. BRASHARES a,* a University of California, Berkeley, USA b Organic Health Response, Mbita, Kenya c University of California, San Francisco, USA d University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA e Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya Summary. — Women’s access to natural resources for food and livelihoods is shaped by resource availability, income, and the gender dynamics that mediate access. In fisheries, where men often fish but women comprise 90% of traders, transactional sex is among the strategies women use to access resources. Using the case of Lake Victoria, we employed mixed methods (in-depth interviews, n = 30; cross-sectional survey, n = 303) to analyze the influence of fish declines on fish-for-sex relationships.
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries Around Lake Victoria and Attendance of Girls in Secondary Schools of Nyangoma Division in Siaya County, Kenya
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318658139 Fisheries around Lake Victoria and Attendance of Girls in Secondary Schools of Nyangoma Division in Siaya County, Kenya Article · June 2017 DOI: 10.15580/GJER.2017.4.061817076 CITATIONS READS 0 4 3 authors: Humphrey Musera Lugonzo Fatuma Chege Kenyatta University Kenyatta University 3 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 33 PUBLICATIONS 113 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Violet Wawire Kenyatta University 7 PUBLICATIONS 3 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Teachers' preparedness for digital learning. View project Research Consortium on the Outcomes of Education and Poverty (RECOUP) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Fatuma Chege on 30 September 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. ISSN: 2276-7789 ICV: 6.05 Submitted: 18/06/2017 Accepted: 22/06/2017 Published: 28/06/2017 Subject Area of Article: Education DOI: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJER.2017.4.061817076 Fisheries around Lake Victoria and Attendance of Girls in Secondary Schools of Nyangoma Division in Siaya County, Kenya By Humphrey Musera Lugonzo Fatuma Chege Violet Wawire Greener Journal of Educational Research ISSN: 2276-7789 ICV: 6.05 Vol. 7 (4), pp. 037-048, June 2017. Research Article (DOI: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJER.2017.4.061817076 ) Fisheries around Lake Victoria and Attendance of Girls in Secondary Schools of Nyangoma Division in Siaya County, Kenya *1 Humphrey Musera Lugonzo, 2Fatuma Chege, & 3Violet Wawire Department of Educational Foundations, School of Education, Kenyatta University, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Prostitution in Africa: a Sociological Study of Eritrea (North East Africa)
    Indian Streams Research Journal Vol.2,Issue.II/March; 12pp.1-4 Dr. Md. Arshad ISSN:-2230-7850 Research Papers Prostitution in Africa: A sociological Study of Eritrea (North East Africa) Dr. Md. Arshad Institute of Social Sciences Dr. B.R.Ambedkar University Agra, India Abstract Prostitution is a trade as old as mankind is a worldwide phenomenon that is not unique to any specific time. However, its level of prevalence in society and peoples attitude towards it varied according to socio-cultural, economic and political conditions. Some scholars think that prostitution is a necessary social evil because it protects innocent girls and women against rape and the men can have another outlet for sexual relief(Rattanwanaship,1991).others think that prostitution is not only a question related to morality but is also associated with other serious issues of alcohol, drug and crime. Secondly, in contemporary times, it may pose a serious threat to public health because of HIV/AIDS spread. Thirdly, it undermines the institution of marriage and family. Introduction: overall impact of the rehabilitation efforts carried Prostitution is perceived as a serious threat out by different governmental and non- for women and children. Every year millions of governmental bodies. women and children enter into prostitution. The first part of the paper deals with Especially in developing countries a large number historical emergence of CSW in Eritrea. of children and women are drived into prostitution Prostitution is a century experience in Eritrean because of economic reasons. society. Colonization was one of the major factors In Eritrea, likewise, the roots of that encouraged the bloom of this profession in this prostitution can largely be attributed to socio- country.
    [Show full text]
  • Final NZPC 28 March 2013
    Occupational Health and Safety of Migrant Sex Workers in New Zealand prepared for New Zealand Prostitutes’ Collective by Dr Michael Roguski 28 March 2013 [email protected] Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................... iv 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 2 Literature review: Occupational health and safety of migrant sex workers ....... 2 2.1 Australia ................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Hong Kong ................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 Macau ....................................................................................................................... 5 2.4 United Kingdom ........................................................................................................ 6 2.5 Turkey ....................................................................................................................... 8 2.6 Similarities and differences across the studies ........................................................... 9 3 Occupational Health and Safety in Sex Work .................................................. 11 3.1 Legal context ........................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Physical and mental health ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • ADERINTO-DISSERTATION.Pdf (1.797Mb)
    Copyright by Saheed Adeniyi Aderinto 2010 The Dissertation Committee for Saheed Adeniyi Aderinto Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Sexualized Nationalism: Lagos and the Politics of Illicit Sexuality in Colonial Nigeria, 1918-1958 Committee: ________________________________ Oloruntoyin O. Falola, Supervisor ________________________________ Juliet E.K. Walker ________________________________ Emilio Zamora ________________________________ Ruramisai Charumbira ________________________________ Omoniyi Afolabi _________________________________ Aderonke Adesanya Sexualized Nationalism: Lagos and the Politics of Illicit Sexuality in Colonial Nigeria, 1918-1958 by Saheed Adeniyi Aderinto B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2010 For Olamide Aderinto Abstract Sexualized Nationalism: Lagos and the Politics of Illicit Sexuality in Colonial Nigeria, 1918-1958 Publication No___________________________ Saheed Adeniyi Aderinto, Ph.D The University of Texas at Austin, 2010 Supervisor: Oloruntoyin O. Falola In this dissertation, I argue that historians of Africa have overlooked the intersection between nationalism and sexuality, despite the fact that these two themes are related. In addition, instead of focusing on the now stale paradigm which emphasizes the importance of race and class in the discourse of sexuality, I offer
    [Show full text]
  • South Africa
    The Annual Mothers for the Future SolidariTea event, which is hosted annually to highlight the work done by M4F for mothers who o sex work. Photo credit: Lesego Tlhwale 196 SOUTH AFRICA Ntokozo Yingwana From the establishment of the Cape Colony in the 1600s, to the ‘gold rush’ of the Witwatersrand in the 1880s, and today’s self-identifying ‘proud migrant sex worker(s)’, the selling of sex in relation to mobility and migration has a long and nuanced history in South Africa. Therefore, in trying to understand sexual exploitation (and, more specifically, human trafficking) in the sex work industry requires a revisiting of these colonial and apartheid pasts, and the remnants of those eras that still permeate South African current laws and policies. Although sex work is criminalised in the country it is still widely practised and tolerated by the general public; while most people deem it immoral for religious and/or cultural reasons, many still consider it a ‘necessary evil’. Poverty is highly racialised and feminised in South Africa. The unemployment rate of approximately 27.7% (of a 55 million population) is most notable among black women, accounting for 49.1% of unemployed people. Therefore, for many poor black women with limited formal education, selling sex is a viable means of making a living. Sex workers with a primary school education are able to earn nearly six times more than the typical income from formal employment, such as domestic work. In order to avoid being identified by family and friends, many choose to sell sex away from their immediate communities, thus making sex workers a highly mobile population.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender-Based Violence and Environment Linkages the Violence of Inequality Itzá Castañeda Camey, Laura Sabater, Cate Owren and A
    Gender-based violence and environment linkages The violence of inequality Itzá Castañeda Camey, Laura Sabater, Cate Owren and A. Emmett Boyer Jamie Wen, editor INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE About IUCN IUCN is a membership Union uniquely composed of both government and civil society organisations. It provides public, private and non-governmental organisations with the knowledge and tools that enable human progress, economic development and nature conservation to take place together. Created in 1948, IUCN is now the world’s largest and most diverse environmental network, harnessing the knowledge, resources and reach of more than 1,300 Member organisations and some 15,000 experts. It is a leading provider of conservation data, assessments and analysis. Its broad membership enables IUCN to fill the role of incubator and trusted repository of best practices, tools and international standards. IUCN provides a neutral space in which diverse stakeholders including governments, NGOs, scientists, businesses, local communities, Indigenous Peoples organisations and others can work together to forge and implement solutions to environmental challenges and achieve sustainable development. Working with many partners and supporters, IUCN implements a large and diverse portfolio of conservation projects worldwide. Combining the latest science with the traditional knowledge of local communities, these projects work to reverse habitat loss, restore ecosystems and improve people’s well-being. www.iucn.org https://twitter.com/IUCN/ Gender-based violence and environment linkages The violence of inequality Itzá Castañeda Camey, Laura Sabater, Cate Owren and A. Emmett Boyer Jamie Wen, editor The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Violence Against Women in Africa: a Situational Analysis
    United Nations Economic Commission for Africa African Centre for Gender and Social Development (ACGSD) VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN AFRICA: A SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS Table of Contents Background Methodology Common Abbreviations Situation Analysis of Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo Cote D’Ivoire Djibouti Democratic Republic of Congo Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Bissau Guinea Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Background Violence against women is perhaps the most widespread and socially tolerated of human rights violations, cutting across borders, race, class, ethnicity and religion. The impact of gender-based violence (GBV) is devastating. The individual women who are victims of such violence often experience life-long emotional distress, mental health problems and poor reproductive health, as well as being at higher risk of acquiring HIV and intensive long-term users of health services. In addition, the cost to women, their children, families and communities is a significant obstacle to reducing poverty, achieving gender equality and ensuring a peaceful transition for post-conflict societies. This, in conjunction with the mental and physical health implications of gender-based violence, impacts on a state or region’s ability to develop and construct a stable, productive society, or reconstruct a country in the wake of conflict. Gender-based violence in Africa, as elsewhere in the world, is a complex issue that has as its root the structural inequalities between men and women that result in the persistence of power differentials between the sexes.
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting the Goldenberg Ghosts,Knowing
    Remembering Zindzi, the Other Mandela By Isaac Otidi Amuke On 10 February 1985, the world’s attention was drawn to the courageous defiance of 25-year- old Zindzi Mandela, the youngest of two daughters born to political prisoner Nelson Mandela and anti- apartheid revolutionary Winnie Madikizela-Mandela. The occasion was a rally at Soweto’s Jabulani Stadium organised by the anti-apartheid caucus, the United Democratic Front (UDF), to celebrate the awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to Johannesburg’s Bishop Desmond Tutu. In the absence of her parents (Mandela in jail and Madikizela-Mandela banned and banished in Brandfort) anti- apartheid stalwart Albertina Sisulu took the role of guardian, standing next to Zindzi. Zindzi sang, danced and occasionally punched her clenched fist into the air to chants of Amandla!, before reading her father’s historic letter to the nation. Apartheid South Africa’s President P.W. Botha had used prison back channels to offer Mandela the option of an early conditional release, having served two decades. In declining Botha’s overtures, Mandela sought to respond through a public communique, hence his decision to deploy Zindzi to the front lines. Zindzi did not disappoint. Having grown into her own as an activist and witness to the barbarism the apartheid state had unleashed on Black South Africans, and especially on the Mandela–Madikizela- Mandela family, Zindzi powerfully delivered the nine-minute message, which was punctuated by recurring recitals of ‘‘my father and his comrades”. Her chosen refrain meant that Zindzi wasn’t only relaying Mandela’s words, but was also speaking on behalf of tens of political prisoners who lacked a medium through which to engage the masses.
    [Show full text]
  • Society for Ethnomusicology 58Th Annual Meeting Abstracts
    Society for Ethnomusicology 58th Annual Meeting Abstracts Sounding Against Nuclear Power in Post-Tsunami Japan examine the musical and cultural features that mark their music as both Marie Abe, Boston University distinctively Jewish and distinctively American. I relate this relatively new development in Jewish liturgical music to women’s entry into the cantorate, In April 2011-one month after the devastating M9.0 earthquake, tsunami, and and I argue that the opening of this clergy position and the explosion of new subsequent crises at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in northeast Japan, music for the female voice represent the choice of American Jews to engage an antinuclear demonstration took over the streets of Tokyo. The crowd was fully with their dual civic and religious identity. unprecedented in its size and diversity; its 15 000 participants-a number unseen since 1968-ranged from mothers concerned with radiation risks on Walking to Tsuglagkhang: Exploring the Function of a Tibetan their children's health to environmentalists and unemployed youths. Leading Soundscape in Northern India the protest was the raucous sound of chindon-ya, a Japanese practice of Danielle Adomaitis, independent scholar musical advertisement. Dating back to the late 1800s, chindon-ya are musical troupes that publicize an employer's business by marching through the From the main square in McLeod Ganj (upper Dharamsala, H.P., India), streets. How did this erstwhile commercial practice become a sonic marker of Temple Road leads to one main attraction: Tsuglagkhang, the home the 14th a mass social movement in spring 2011? When the public display of merriment Dalai Lama.
    [Show full text]
  • This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached
    This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights Author's personal copy Social Science & Medicine 102 (2014) 146e156 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Social Science & Medicine journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/socscimed “She mixes her business”: HIV transmission and acquisition risks among female migrants in western Kenya Carol S. Camlin a,*, Zachary A. Kwena b, Shari L. Dworkin a, Craig R. Cohen a, Elizabeth A. Bukusi b,a,c a University of California at San Francisco, USA b Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya c University of Washington, USA article info abstract Article history: Migration and HIV research in sub-Saharan Africa has focused on HIV risks to male migrants, yet Available online 15 November 2013 women’s levels of participation in internal migration have met or exceeded those of men in the region. Moreover, studies that have examined HIV risks to female migrants found higher risk behavior and HIV Keywords: prevalence among migrant compared to non-migrant women. However, little is known about the Sub-Saharan Africa pathways through which participation in migration leads to higher risk behavior in women.
    [Show full text]
  • State of African Women the Report
    ) IA AL R ST AU - AN UD S H UT SO ( NG YA N OR M AU D A EL D MO THE STATE OF AFRICAN WOMEN REPORT Key Findings JUNE 2018 A project implemented by: Organisation of Africa n First Ladies Against HIV/AIDS (OAFLA) The State of African Women Report © June 2018 This report was developed and published in the context of the State of African Women project, implemented by a consortium of eight partners. Authors: Anouka van Eerdewijk, Mariam Kamunyu, Laura Nyirinkindi, Rainatou Sow, Marlies Visser and Elsbet Lodenstein (KIT, Royal Tropical Institute) Principal Editorial Advisor: Caroline Kwamboka N. (IPPF, International Planned Parenthood Federation) French translation: Tamarind Translations Portugese translation: Tamarind Translations Report design: Kapusniak Design, James Ngechu i PREFACE The ‘State of African Women’ Report marks a major milestone in the three-year advocacy, communication and awareness raising campaign project that focuses on increasing civil society’s contributions to promote the implementation of the African Union policy frameworks. The project is implemented at the global, continental, regional, national and sub-national levels by a consortium that includes International Planned Parenthood Federation Africa Region (IPPFAR), International Planned Parenthood Federation European Network (IPPFEN), Organisation of African First Ladies Against HIV/AIDS (OAFLA), Deutsche Stiftung Weltbevoelkerung (DSW), Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Faith to Action Network (F2A), and the Young Women Christian Association Kenya (YWCA). Within this consortium, KIT has led and worked with a team of African Women Researchers to develop the ‘State of African Women’ Report. through greater transparency and public pressure on duty bearers.
    [Show full text]