MAW-003 Animal Welfare Laws, Policies and Organizations
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MAW-003 Animal Welfare Laws, Policies and Organizations Block 4 ANIMAL WELFARE STATUTORY BODIES AND ORGANIZATIONS UNIT 11 Animal Welfare Organizations UNIT 12 CPCSEA Animal Welfare Statutory Bodies and Organizations BLOCK 4 ANIMAL WELFARE STATUTORY BODIES AND ORGANIZATIONS In India, the major national level animal welfare statutory bodies are working under Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying (MoFAHD) and Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). The state level statutory bodies are working under corresponding ministries at state level. At district level, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) is the recognised body. The animal welfare non-governmental organisations (NGOs), societies and charitable trusts are generally non-profit bodies funded by donations, grants and sponsorships. The Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) is the national regulatory body constituted under the PCA Act, 1960. Unit 11, Animal Welfare Organizations focuses on the major national and Global level animal welfare organizations / not-for-profit organizations. Unit 12, CPCSEA describes the meaning, guidelines, objectives and functions of CPCSEA and IAEC, justify the need for the CPCSEA and Institutional Animals Ethics Committee (IAEC), the ethical principles adopted for use of animals in scientific experiments and the protocols for the use of animals in research and other related purposes. 172 Animal Welfare UNIT 11 ANIMAL WELFARE Organizations ORGANIZATIONS Structure 11.1 Learning Outcomes 11.2 Introduction 11.2.1 Statutory Bodies 11.3 Animal Welfare Board of India 11.4 Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals 11.5 Rashtriya Kamdhenu Aayog 11.6 National Board for Wild Life 11.7 National Tiger Conservation Authority 11.8 Central Zoo Authority 11.9 Project Elephant 11.10 Wildlife Crime Control Bureau 11.11 Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals 11.12 National Institute of Animal Welfare 11.13 Non-Governmental Animal Welfare Organizations in India 11.14 Global Animal Welfare Organizations 11.15 Let Us Sum Up 11.16 Keywords 11.17 Bibliography and Further Reading 11.18 Self Assessment Exercises 11.19 Answers/ Hints to Check Your Progress 11.1 LEARNING OUTCOMES a) Knowledge and Understanding: After studying this Unit, you will be able to: Identify the important national level animal welfare statutory bodies. b) Practical and Professional Skills: After studying this Unit, you will be able to: Discuss the objectives and functions of major national and global animal welfare organizations / not-for-profit organizations. 11.2 INTRODUCTION Dear Learner, In the previous units, we discussed about major animal welfare laws, biodiversity conventions and international treaties on conservation of animals and legal procedures in animal welfare. Several national / international organizations have played a crucial role in the preparation and enactment of laws / conventions / 173 Animal Welfare Statutory treaties. These interventions helped in changing the culture and understanding Bodies and Organizations of key stakeholders that animals deserve humane treatment. In this unit, you will be introduced to the major national and global animal welfare statutory bodies / organizations / not-for profit NGOs. 11.2.1 Statutory Bodies In India, the major National level animal welfare statutory bodies are working under two ministries: 1) Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying (MoFAHD) a) Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) b) Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) c) Rashtriya Kamdhenu Aayog (RKA) 2) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) a) National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) b) National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) c) Central Zoo Authority (CZA) d) Project Elephant (PE) e) Wildlife Crime Control Bureau At state level, we have: a) State Animal Welfare Board (SAWB) b) State Gau Sewa Aayog c) State Wildlife Advisory Board At district level we have: a) Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA). 11.3 ANIMAL WELFARE BOARD OF INDIA In Unit 2, you were introduced to the Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI), its constitution and functions. The AWBI is a statutory advisory body on Animal Welfare Laws and promotes animal welfare in the country. It was established in 1962 under Section 4 of the PCA Act, 1960. The mandate of AWBI is to prevent the infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on animals, in terms of the provision of the PCA Act, 1960. The Board has been the face of the animal welfare movement in the country for the last six decades. Recognition: The AWBI grants recognition to the newly started Animal Welfare Organisations (AWOs). For recognition, the AWO has to submit the registration certificate under the Societies Registration Act or Trust Act, audited statement of accounts and annual reports for the last three years, two copies of memorandum of association/bye-laws and animal welfare activities report. The AWO has to agree to nominate a representative of the AWBI on its Managing/Executive Committee and also for regular inspection of its functioning. The new organizations are inspected by Board Members/authorized Inspection Agencies 174 and if the inspection report is satisfactory, then they are considered for grant of Animal Welfare recognition. Organizations Financial Assistance: One of the most important functions of the Board is to provide financial assistance to the recognised AWOs. The applications in the prescribed format received from the AWOs are scrutinized and eligible applications are placed before the Board for sanction of grant. Financial assistance is released in two instalments after obtaining audited statement of accounts, utilisation certificate for the earlier grants and satisfactory inspection reports. The Board provides financial assistance to AWOs under various schemes viz. Regular grant Cattle rescue grant Provision of shelter house for looking after the animals Animal birth control (ABC) programme Provision of ambulance for the animals in distress, and Natural calamity grant (For more details, please visit the website of AWBI http://www.awbi.in/index.html) 11.4 COMMITTEE FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONTROL AND SUPERVISION OF EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS The CPCSEA is a statutory Committee, which is established under the PCA Act, 1960. All establishments engaged in research and education involving animals, are required to comply with rules and norms set by CPCSEA. Apart from them about 1748 supplier establishments including government organisations from where researchers can get experimental animals are also registered with CPCSEA. The Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) is a body comprising of a group of persons recognized and registered by the CPCSEA in an establishment which is constituted and operated in accordance with procedures specified for the purpose by the Committee. (For more details on CPCSEA and IAEC, please read Unit 12 on CPCSEA) 11.5 RASHTRIYA KAMDHENU AAYOG The Government of India has constituted the “Rashtriya Kamdhenu Aayog (RKA)” in 2019 to organize animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines. The RKA will function as an integral part of Rashtriya Gokul Mission. Objectives of RKA 1) The RKA has been constituted for the conservation, protection and development of cows and their progeny; for proper implementation of laws with respect to prohibition of slaughter and / or cruelty to cows and for giving direction to the cattle development programmes. 2) The RKA will be a high powered permanent body to formulate policy and to provide direction to the implementation of schemes related to cattle so as to give more emphasis on livelihood generation of small and marginal farmers. 175 Animal Welfare Statutory 3) The RKA will provide enabling environment, develop a policy framework Bodies and Organizations and shape guidelines aimed at achieving following: Sustainable development and up-gradation of genetic resources of cows in India. Conservation and development of indigenous breeds of cows and improved management of cows of the country. Enhanced production and productivity throughout country, leading to higher farm income and better quality of life for the dairy farmers. Protection and promotion of the interest of dairy cooperatives, livestock development agencies, farmer producer companies and dairy industries in the country. Effective implementation of laws for welfare of the cows and its progenies in the country and proper working of Gaushals, Gosadans and Pinjrapoles and other organizations/institutes for protection and development of cows and their progenies. Functions of RKA 1) To advise and guide the Central Government and State Governments on policy matters concerning conservation, protection, development and welfare of cows and their progeny. 2) To help the Central Government to develop appropriate schemes/ programmes for sustainable development of cows in the country and to suggest measures for optimum economic utilization of cow wealth. 3) To review existing laws, policies and programmes (Centre and States) which relate to conservation, protection and development of cows and to suggest measures for their effective implementation and to work for welfare of the cow and its progeny in the country. 4) Promote schemes to encourage use of organic manure and recommend suitable measures including incentive schemes for use of dung or urine of cow in organic manure by farmers to minimize