FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT for
PROPOSED PESTICIDE MANUFACTURING PROJECT
On plot area of 10067.15 m2 (1.006715 ha.) At Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2 District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403 Type of Project Greenfield project Category as per EIA notification 2006 5(b), Category- A (Pesticides industry and pesticide specific and its amendments: intermediates (excluding formulations) Proposed Production Capacity Insecticide: 200 MT/month Fungicide: 100 MT/month Herbicide: 100 MT/month Advanced Specific Pesticide Intermediates: 100 MT/month Research & Development based Products: 200 MT/month Total Production Capacity: 700 MT/month Formulations: 300 MT/month ToR Details TOR letter no. No. IA-J-11011/289/2020-IA-II(I) dated 27.11.2020 Monitoring Season and Laboratory: Oct-Dec,2020 (J. P Test House & Research Centre Shahibabad Industrial Area Shahibabad Ghaziabad (UP); NABL/MoEF&CC Accreditated- TC-8047 (Valid till 30.06.2022) NABET Acc. No.: NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0197 valid till 23.11.2022 Project Proponent
M/s MG ORGANICS PVT. LTD. MG House, H-25, Alpha-2, Greater Noida- 201310, Uttar Pradesh Email: [email protected] ; Phone no.: 0120-2567000 ; 9718579800 UID No.: EQMS/EIA/MGOPL/5(b)A/PR633/13052021 Report Release Date: 13.05.2021 Revision No: 01 Environmental Consultant:
(Approved Consultant)
EQMS INDIA PVT LTD. QCI/NABET Accredited Consultant 304-305, 3rd Floor, Plot No. 16, Rishabh Corporate Tower, Community Centre, Karkardooma, Delhi – 110092 Phone: 011-42270087, 43062757 ; Website: www.eqmsindia.com ; E-mail: [email protected] Disclaimer: This document has been prepared with all reasonable skills, knowledge, care and diligence by M/s. EQMS India Pvt. Ltd., Karkardooma, Delhi, the NABET accredited and national level leading Environmental Consultancy Organization within the terms of the contract with the client (Project Proponent), incorporating their General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by Business Agreement. The report was discussed with the project proponent in details before releasing. This report has been prepared using information received from Client, collecting primary data and compilation of secondary data from available resources. We are not responsible for the origin and authenticity of the information, drawings or design details provided by the Client.
EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
DECLARATION FROM PROJECT PROPONENT
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 1
EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
REPORT RELEASE
M/S MG ORGANICS PVT. LTD.
EIA Report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403 by M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
© EQMS India Pvt Ltd (‘EQMS’), May 2021
This report is released for the use of the M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd., Regulators and relevant stakeholders solely as part of the subject project’s Environmental Clearance process. Information provided (unless attributed to referenced third parties) is otherwise copyrighted and shall not be used for any other purpose without the written consent of EQMS.
PROJECT DETAILS
EIA Report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project at Plot No. Q- Name of 2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Publication Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403 by M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Project Number PR-633 Report No. 3 Version 1 Released May 2021 P K Srivastava, P K Srivastava (EC)/ Prepared & (EIA Co-ordinator) & Sweta Shah (Associated EC Managed By Kushal Goyal & Project Head) (Project In-charge)
-P K Srivastava (EIA Coordinator) -P K Srivastava (EIA Coordinator) Released By (13.05.2021) Signature and
Date (13.05.2021) -Sweta Shah (Associate EC)
(13.05.2021)
CONTACT DETAILS Head Quarter: Delhi / NCR EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 304 & 305, 3rd Floor, Rishabh Towers, Plot No. 16, Community Centre, Karkardooma, Delhi - 110092. (India) Email: [email protected] ; T: + 91-11-30003200/219 ; F: +91-11-22374775 DISCLAIMER EQMS India Pvt Ltd has taken all possible precautions in the preparation of this report as per its auditable quality plan. EQMS also believes that the facts presented in the report are accurate as on the date it was written. However, it is impossible to dismiss absolutely, the possibility of errors or omissions. EQMS therefore specifically disclaims any liability resulting from the use or application of the information contained in this report. The information is not intended to serve as legal advice related to the individual situation.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 2
EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
DECLARATION FROM CONSULTANT
Declaration by Experts Contributing to the EIA/EMP REPORT for Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403 by M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA report.
EIA Coordinator Signature
Name Mr. P.K. Srivastava
Period of involvement October, 2020 to May, 2021
Contact Information: 8890836012
Team Member/Associated Co-ordinator: Mrs. Sweta Shah
Functional Area Experts Team Involvement Name of Functiona Member (Period and Task**) the Signature l Areas October, 2020 to May, Expert 2021 Mr. S K Mr. Kapil • Air pollution Jain Singh monitoring. • Meteorological Air parameter Pollution measurement.
Monitoring • Identification & & Control assessment of (AP) quantum of emission and its Mitigation measures.
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Team Involvement Name of Functiona Member (Period and Task**) the Signature l Areas October, 2020 to May, Expert 2021 Mrs. Mr. Kapil • Ambient Air Quality Sweta Singh monitoring network Shah designing. Air Quality • Processing of Modeling micrometeorological and data for using in Prediction model. (AQ) • Air quality modelling through ISC- Aermod for proposed prediction of impact Mrs. Mr. Kapil • Monitoring of noise Sweta Singh levels of the project Shah site and surrounding area. • Assessment of noise Noise level and vibration potential due to proposed project and its mitigation measures. Mr. S. K. Mr. Kapil • Water Quality Jain Singh monitoring network designing. • Sampling of water samples (surface and Water ground water). Pollution • Water Balance (WP) • Identification & assessment of quantum of water
pollution and its Mitigation measures. • ETP Suggestion. Mr. Ms. • Conducted Ecological Ratnesh Khushboo survey & preparation Kotiyal Thakur of status report. Ecology • Application of and Bio- taxonomy in resource diversity inventory (Flora & Conservati Fauna) on (EB) • List of species animals
and plants report. • Identification & assessment of ecological impact due
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Team Involvement Name of Functiona Member (Period and Task**) the Signature l Areas October, 2020 to May, Expert 2021 to proposed project and its Mitigation measures. Mr. SK Mrs. Sweta • Identification of Jain Shah hazardous and non- Solid and hazardous wastes. Hazardous • Reuse and recycling of Waste solid wastes. Manageme • Handling and disposal
nt (SHW) of Non- Hazardous solid waste & Hazardous waste. Mr. P.K Ms. Kirti • Identification of Srivastava Patni hazards due to proposed project. • Identification of Risk and hazardous substances Hazards in the proposed (RH) project. • Preparation of risk assessment report and onsite emergency plan. Mr. Anil Mr. Kaleem • Development of Kumar Ahmad landuse maps of study area using GIS / Land Use related tools, site visit (LU) for ground truth survey, finalization of landuse maps Mr. Anil - • Site visit, contribution Socio- Kumar to Baseline Economics environment and (SE) contribution to EIA documentation Mr. - • Conducted study of Hardik geology of the project Patel site and study area. • Identification of geological formations Geology at the project site as well as in the study area.
• Study about topography of the
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Team Involvement Name of Functiona Member (Period and Task**) the Signature l Areas October, 2020 to May, Expert 2021 project site and study area, contours of the area, physiography, slope of the area, drainage of the area and geology of the study area. • Study about geology of the project site, subsurface conditions of the project site. • Recommendations and preparation of reports on geology. Yamesh - • Estimation of run-off Sharma generation from site & post project Hydrogeolo development gy • Formulation of rain water harvesting plan • Formulation of water conseravtion plan Yamesh Ratnesh • Formulation of soil Sharma Kotiyal monitoring plan • Soil sample collection Soil and testing Conservati • on Impact assessment of project on soil quality and development of management plan
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization: I, S.K.Jain, hereby confirm that the above-mentioned experts prepared the EIA/EMP REPORT for Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension-2 District-Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 by M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. I also Confirm that EC has gone through the report, and the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in the statement.
It is certified that no unethical practices including plagiarism have been carried out and external data/text has not been used without proper acknowledgment, while preparing this EIA report.
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Signature:
Name: Mr. S.K. Jain Designation: Director, Technical Name of the EIA Consultant EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. organization NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0197 valid till NABET Certificate No. and date 23.11.2022
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1 1.1 Introduction ...... 1-1 1.2 Brief About Project & Project Proponent ...... 1-1 1.3 Project Site ...... 1-2 1.4 Need for the project and its importance to the country ...... 1-6 1.5 Need of the EIA Study ...... 1-7 1.5.1 Regulatory Framework ...... 1-7 1.6 ToR Compliance ...... 1-8 1.7 Structure of the Report...... 1-29 CHAPTER 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 2-1 2.1 Significance of Pesticide ...... 2-1 2.2 Site Location and Surrounding ...... 2-1 2.2.1 Site Location ...... 2-1 2.2.2 Major Industries near project site ...... 2-3 2.2.3 Site Photographs ...... 2-1 2.3 Land Requirement ...... 2-1 2.4 Salient Features of Project ...... 2-2 2.5 Products with capacities for the proposed project ...... 2-3 2.6 Typical Manufacturing Process & Mass Balance of Proposed Products ... 2-5 2.7 Details of Raw Materials, Consumption and Source ...... 2-5 2.8 Major Utilities ...... 2-8 2.9 Resource Requirements ...... 2-9 2.9.1 Infrastructure ...... 2-9 2.9.2 Power & power backup requirement ...... 2-10 2.9.3 Water Requirement ...... 2-10 2.9.4 Fuel Requirement ...... 2-13 2.9.5 Employment ...... 2-13 2.10 Environmental Aspects ...... 2-13 2.10.1 Water Pollution ...... 2-13 2.10.2 Air Pollution ...... 2-24 2.10.3 Noise Pollution ...... 2-28 2.10.4 Solid & Hazardous Waste Generation ...... 2-29
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
2.11 Solvent Recovery and Distillation System ...... 2-31 2.12 Green Belt Development Plan ...... 2-32 2.13 Project Cost and Schedule ...... 2-33 CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-1 3.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 3-1 3.2 BACKGROUND AND SALIENT FEATURES OF STUDY AREA ...... 3-1 3.2.1 Study Period ...... 3-3 3.2.2 Environmental Setting and Salient Environmental Features of Project Area 3-3 3.3 BACKGROUND AND SALIENT FEATURES OF STUDY AREA ...... 3-9 3.3.1 Primary Data Collection: Monitoring Plan and Quality Assurance Procedures ...... 3-9 3.4 TOPOGRAPHY ...... 3-10 3.5 DRAINAGE ...... 3-13 3.6 GEOLOGY ...... 3-15 3.6.1 Seismicity of the Study Area ...... 3-15 3.7 Geomorphology ...... 3-17 3.8 HYDROLOGY ...... 3-17 3.9 LAND USE ...... 3-19 3.9.1 Introduction ...... 3-19 3.9.2 Land use based on Satellite Imagery ...... 3-20 3.9.3 Data Source and Analysis ...... 3-20 3.9.4 Other Secondary data ...... 3-21 3.9.5 Data Image Interpretation ...... 3-21 3.9.6 Image Analysis System ...... 3-21 3.9.7 Ground Truth Study ...... 3-23 3.9.8 Land-use at 10 km Study Area ...... 3-23 3.10 SOIL ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-26 3.10.1 Selection Criteria of Soil Sampling Locations ...... 3-27 3.10.2 Sampling Technique ...... 3-29 3.10.3 Soil Quality Analysis ...... 3-30 3.10.4 Soil Reaction Classes and Critical Limits for Macro and Micronutrients in Soil ...... 3-33 3.10.5 Interpretation of Soil Characteristic ...... 3-34
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
3.10.6 Soil Nutrient Index ...... 3-36 3.10.7 Inference ...... 3-36 3.11 WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-37 3.11.1 Reconnaissance Survey ...... 3-37 3.11.2 Selection Criteria for Water Sampling Location ...... 3-37 3.11.3 Sampling Frequency ...... 3-42 3.11.4 Sampling Technique ...... 3-42 3.11.5 Water Quality Analysis ...... 3-42 3.11.6 Water Quality ...... 3-44 3.11.7 Water Quality Index ...... 3-53 3.12 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-54 3.12.1 Climate and Meteorology ...... 3-55 3.12.2 Regional Meteorology IMD, Mathura ...... 3-56 3.12.3 Meteorology at Site ...... 3-57 3.12.4 Ambient Air Quality ...... 3-59 3.12.5 Causes Attributing to Air Pollution in and around Project Area ... 3-60 3.12.6 Rationale for Selecting Monitoring Station ...... 3-61 3.12.7 Methodology and Guidelines for Air Ambient Quality Analysis .... 3-64 3.12.8 Ambient Air Monitoring Results ...... 3-64 3.12.9 Category of Air Quality Index ...... 3-66 3.12.10 Interpretation of Results ...... 3-66 3.12.11 Inference from Results ...... 3-68 3.13 NOISE ENVIRONMENT...... 3-69 3.13.1 Attributing to Noise Pollution in and around Project Area ...... 3-69 3.13.2 Methodology ...... 3-69 3.13.3 Selection Criteria for Noise Monitoring Location ...... 3-69 3.13.4 Results and Conclusion ...... 3-72 3.13.5 Interpretation ...... 3-72 3.14 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY ...... 3-72 3.14.1 Methodology ...... 3-73 3.14.2 Flora ...... 3-73 3.14.3 Fauna ...... 3-78 3.15 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-81
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
3.15.1 Demography of the District ...... 3-82 3.15.2 Methodology ...... 3-82 3.15.3 Purpose of the Study ...... 3-82 3.15.4 Description of Environment ...... 3-82 3.15.5 Sex Ratio ...... 3-85 3.15.6 Scheduled Caste & Scheduled Tribe Population ...... 3-85 3.15.7 Literacy Rate ...... 3-86 3.15.8 Workers Scenario (Occupation Pattern) ...... 3-87 3.15.9 Basic Amenities Availability Status ...... 3-90 3.16 TRAFFIC STUDY ...... 3-95 CHAPTER 4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Introduction ...... 4-1 4.2 Impact Assessment Criteria ...... 4-2 4.3 Summary of Baseline of Project Area ...... 4-3 4.4 Identification Linkage between Project Activities and Associated Impact . 4-4 4.5 Impact Assessment and Evaluation ...... 4-5 4.6 Impacts during Pre-Construction ...... 4-5 4.7 Impacts during Construction & Operation Phase ...... 4-6 4.7.1 Impact on Air Environment ...... 4-6 4.7.2 Impact on Noise Environment ...... 4-7 4.7.3 Impact on Water Quality ...... 4-10 4.7.4 Impact due to Waste ...... 4-12 4.7.5 Impact on Land Environment ...... 4-14 4.7.6 Impact on Soil Quality ...... 4-16 4.7.7 Impact on Ecology and Biodiversity ...... 4-18 4.7.8 Socio-economic environment ...... 4-20 4.7.9 Traffic Impacts ...... 4-22 4.8 Conclusion ...... 4-23 CHAPTER 5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITES) ...... 5-1 5.1 Analysis of Alternative Site ...... 5-1 5.2 Alternative Technology ...... 5-1 CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 6-1
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
6.1 Objective ...... 6-1 6.2 Performance Indicators ...... 6-1 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring ...... 6-2 6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring ...... 6-2 6.2.3 Noise Level Monitoring ...... 6-2 6.2.4 Soil Quality ...... 6-3 6.2.5 Green Area Development ...... 6-3 6.2.6 Work Place Monitoring ...... 6-3 6.2.7 Occupational Health & Safety ...... 6-3 6.3 Environmental Monitoring Laboratory ...... 6-3 6.4 Environment Monitoring Plan ...... 6-3 6.5 Submission of Compliance & Audit ...... 6-6 CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES ...... 7-1 7.1 Hazards Analysis and Risk Assessment ...... 7-1 7.1.1 Introduction ...... 7-1 7.1.2 Risk Assessment ...... 7-1 7.1.3 Risk Screening Approach ...... 7-6 7.1.4 Hazardous Materials Storage ...... 7-14 7.1.5 QRA Approach ...... 7-14 7.1.6 Thermal Hazards ...... 7-15 7.1.7 Damage due to Explosion ...... 7-17 7.1.8 Associated Chemicals Hazards ...... 7-17 7.1.8.3 Sodium Cyanide Hazards ...... 7-20 7.1.8.4 Sulphuric Acid Hazards ...... 7-21 7.1.9 Hazardous Material’s Release ...... 7-22 7.1.10 Data Limitations ...... 7-22 7.1.11 Likely Failure Scenarios ...... 7-22 7.2 QUANTATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS ...... 7-23 7.2.1 Preamble ...... 7-23 7.2.2 Weather Effect ...... 7-23 7.2.3 Incidents Impacts ...... 7-23 7.2.4 Consequential Impacts ...... 7-27 7.2.5 General Control Measures ...... 7-29
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
7.2.6 Flammable Gas Fires ...... 7-29 7.2.7 Commonly Recommended Control Measures ...... 7-29 7.2.8 Occupational Health and Safety ...... 7-30 7.3 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATAIONS ...... 7-31 CHAPTER 8. PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 8-1 8.1 Benefits to the Country & Pesticide Industry ...... 8-1 8.2 Demand Supply Gap ...... 8-2 8.3 Environmental Benefits ...... 8-2 8.4 Social Development Activities ...... 8-2 8.5 Benefits to Government Revenue ...... 8-4 CHAPTER 9. ENVIRONMENT COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ...... 9-1 CHAPTER 10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 10-1 10.1 Introduction ...... 10-1 10.2 Objectives of EMP ...... 10-1 10.3 Environment Management System and Policy ...... 10-1 10.4 Environment Management Plan ...... 10-2 10.5 Occupational Health & Safety and Community Health Safety and Secure 10-14 10.6 Green Belt Development ...... 10-15
10.7 Resource Conservation/ Waste Minimization ...... 10-18 10.8 Facilities for Employees ...... 10-18 10.9 Occupational Health Plan ...... 10-18 10.10 Institutional Framework for implementation of EMP Cell ...... 10-19 10.10.1 Hierarchical of Environmental Management Plan Cell (EMP Cell) .. 10- 19 10.10.2 Environmental, Health & Safety Policy of MGOPL ...... 10-20 10.10.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 10-21 10.10.4 Reporting ...... 10-22 10.11 Budget for environmental management plan ...... 10-22 CHAPTER 11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ...... 11-1 11.1 Project Description ...... 11-1 11.2 Description of the Environment ...... 11-3 11.3 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 11-7
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
11.4 Environmental Monitoring Programme ...... 11-12 11.5 Additional Studies ...... 11-12 11.6 Project Benefits ...... 11-14 11.7 Environment Management Plan ...... 11-14 CHAPTER 12. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED ...... 12-1
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 : Project Location ...... 1-3 Figure 1.2 : Project Location and 10 km Radius area ...... 1-4 Figure 1.3 : Toposheet Map showing the project site and 10 Km Radius Area ..... 1-5 Figure 2.2 : Land-use Breakup of Proposed Project ...... 2-1 Figure 2.3 : Layout of the Proposed Project ...... 2-2 Figure 2.4 : Water Balance ...... 2-12 Figure 2.5 : Flow Diagram of MEE ...... 2-18 Figure 2.6 : Flow Diagram of ATFD ...... 2-20 Figure 2.7 : Flow Diagram of ETP ...... 2-23 Figure 2.8 : Typical Solvent Recovery System ...... 2-32 Figure 3.1 Study Area Map ...... 3-2 Figure 3.2: Location of Project ...... 3-4 Figure 3.3 : Coordinates of the Project Site ...... 3-5 Figure 3.4 : Location Map of the Project Site 10 km Radius around the Project Site ...... 3-7 Figure 3.5 : Topographical Map (2,5 & 10 km Radius of Project Site) ...... 3-8 Figure 3.6 : Elevation Map of study area ...... 3-12 Figure 3.7 : Drainage Map of study Area ...... 3-14 Figure 3.8 : Seismic Zone Map of India...... 3-16 Figure 3.9 : Seismic Zone Map of Uttar Pradesh ...... 3-16 Figure 3.10 : Depth to Ground Water level in Pre & Post-monsoon ...... 3-19 Figure 3.11: Graphical Representation of Land Use of the Study Area ...... 3-24 Figure 3.12 : Type of soils in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh ...... 3-27 Figure 3.13 : Location of Soil Sampling Stations ...... 3-28 Figure 3.14 : Soil Texture Triangle ...... 3-34 Figure 3.15 : Location of Ground Water Sampling Stations ...... 3-40 Figure 3.16 : Climatological Trend ...... 3-56 Figure 3.17: Comparision of Climatology with Current Meteorology ...... 3-57 Figure 3.18 : Site-specific Windrose Diagram (Post Monsoon Season) ...... 3-58 Figure 3.19 : Wind Class Frequency Distribution of Project Site ...... 3-59 Figure 3.20 : Comparision of Site Specific Data with Secondary Meteorological Data ...... 3-59 Figure 3.21 : Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations ...... 3-62 Figure 3.22 : Baseline Comparative Chart ...... 3-68 Figure 3.23: Location of Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Stations ...... 3-71 Figure 3.24 Male-Female Wise Population Distribution ...... 3-85 Figure 3.25 Scheduled Caste Population in the Study Area ...... 3-86 Figure 3.26 Scheduled Tribes Population in the Study Area ...... 3-86 Figure 3.27 Male-Female Wise Distribution of Literates & Illiterates ...... 3-87 Figure 3.28 : Workers Scenario of the Study Area...... 3-88 Figure 3.29 : Composition of Main Workers Population ...... 3-88 Figure 3.30 Composition of Marginal Workers ...... 3-89
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Figure 3.31 : Composition of Non-Workers ...... 3-89 Figure 3.32 Graphical Representation of Traffic Load at Raipur Road ...... 3-98 Figure 10.1 Hierarchical of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Cell ...... 10-20
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
List of Tables
Table 1.1 Details of Contact Person ...... 1-2 Table 1.2 : Details of Permits and Clearance Applicable and its Status ...... 1-8 Table 1.3 TOR Compliance ...... 1-9 Table 2.1 : Salient Features of the Project Site ...... 2-1 Table 2.2 List of nearby Industries from Project Site ...... 2-3 Table 2.3 Land-use Breakup of Project Site ...... 2-1 Table 2.4 : Salient Features of Proposed Project ...... 2-2 Table 2.5: Capacity of Manufacturing Plant ...... 2-3 Table 2.6 : List of Products ...... 2-4 Table 2.7 : Storage of Hazardous Chemical ...... 2-6 Table 2.8: Proposed Utilities ...... 2-8 Table 2.9 :List of Equipments & Machineries ...... 2-9 Table 2.10 : Water Management Details ...... 2-10 Table 2.11 : Fuel Requirement ...... 2-13 Table 2.12 Population Projection of Proposed Project ...... 2-13 Table 2.13 Inlet and Outlet Characteristics of Wastewater schemes ...... 2-16 Table 2.14 : Design of MEE ...... 2-19 Table 2.15 : Specification of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) ...... 2-21 Table 2.16 : Air Emissions and Pollution Control Measures ...... 2-25 Table 2.17 : Emission Standards for Pesticide Industry ...... 2-26 Table 2.18 : Solid Waste Management Details ...... 2-30 Table 2.19 : Breakup of Project Cost ...... 2-33 Table 3.1: Geo-coordinates of the Project Site ...... 3-4 Table 3.2: Salient Environmental Features of Proposed Site ...... 3-6 Table 3.3: Summary of Methodology for Primary/Secondary Baseline Data Collection ...... 3-9 Table 3.4: Geological succession of the Mathura district ...... 3-15 Table 3.5 Stage of Ground Water Development ...... 3-18 Table 3.6: Land use of the study area ...... 3-23 Table 3.7 : Soil Sampling Stations ...... 3-27 Table 3.8 : Method for Analysis of Soil Properties ...... 3-29 Table 3.9 : Physical Characteristics of Ambient Soil Quality (Post Monsoon Season,2020) ...... 3-31 Table 3.11 : Soil Reaction Classes ...... 3-33 Table 3.12 : Soil Class Interpretation ...... 3-35 Table 3.13 Water Quality Sampling Stations ...... 3-38 Table 3.14: Details of Parameters Instrumentation ...... 3-42 Table 3.15 : Test Methods used for Analysis ...... 3-43 Table 3.16 : Surface Water Standards as per IS: 2296-1982 ...... 3-44 Table 3.17 : Surface Water Quality Criteria as per CPCB (Interpretation) ...... 3-45 Table 3.18 : Surface Water Quality ...... 3-47 Table 3.19 : Ground Water Quality ...... 3-50
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table 3.20 : Water Quality Classification based on WQI Value ...... 3-53 Table 3.21 : Surface Water Quality Index ...... 3-54 Table 3.22 : Ground Water Quality Index ...... 3-54 Table 3.23 Climate Data of IMD, Mathura (1981-2010) ...... 3-55 Table 3.24 : Meteorological Data, Mathura (2020) ...... 3-56 Table 3.25 Summary of Site-specific Meteorological Data ...... 3-58 Table 3.26 List of Major Industries in 10 km radius ...... 3-60 Table 3.27 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ...... 3-61 Table 3.28 Summary of Ambient Air Quality ...... 3-63 Table 3.29 Sampling Methodology ...... 3-64 Table 3.30 : Air Pollutants, Their Sources and Their Effects on Humans ...... 3-65 Table 3.31 : AQI Category for Monitoring Station ...... 3-66 Table 3.32 : AQI Category Index ...... 3-66 Table 3.33 : Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Locations ...... 3-70 Table 3.34 Ambient Noise Quality in the Study Area ...... 3-72 Table 3.35 List of Common Plant Species Present in Study Area ...... 3-74 Table 3.36 List of Plant species used for Plantation in Study area ...... 3-76 Table 3.37: Mammalian Fauna reported in study area ...... 3-79 Table 3.38 Reptiles and Amphibian observed in Study Area ...... 3-79 Table 3.39 Avifauna Observed with in Core Zone ...... 3-80 Table 3.40 Population Distribution in the 10 km Radius Study Area ...... 3-83 Table 3.41 Distribution of Work Participation Rate ...... 3-87 Table 3.42 : Composition of Non-Workers ...... 3-89 Table 3.43 : Village Wise Basic Amenities Availability ...... 3-92 Table 3.44 Traffic Load Conditions on NH2 ...... 96 Table 4.1 Impact Assessment Criteria ...... 4-2 Table 4.2 : Impact Assessment Criteria ...... 4-2 Table 4.3 : Summary Baseline Scenario of Project Area and Likely extent of Impact ...... 4-3 Table 4.4 Impact Identification Matrix ...... 4-5 Table 4.5 Quantification of Pollution load due to movement of Trucks (per Day) . 4-6 Table 4.6 : Stack Parameters and Emission Details of Proposed Sources ...... 4-9 Table 4.7 : Results of Modelling ...... 4-10 Table 4.8 Impact of Air Emissions in the Study Area ...... 4-1 Table 4.9 Noise Level during various construction phase activities and from construction machinery ...... 4-8 Table 4.10 Typical noise levels of different Equipment ...... 4-9 Table 4.11 Ecological criteria & Observations ...... 4-20 Table 4.12 Analysis of Significance of with & without Mitigation Measures ...... 4-23 Table 6.1 : Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 6-4 Table 7.1 MGOPL Products Details ...... 7-3 Table 7.2 Hazardous Raw Material Bulk Storages ...... 7-5 Table 7.3 ...... 7-7 Table 7.4 Risk Classification ...... 7-14
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table 7.5 Effects due to Incident Radiation Intensity ...... 7-15 Table 7.6 Thermal Radiation Impact to Human ...... 7-16 Table 7.7 Tolerable Intensities for Various Objects ...... 7-16 Table 7.8 Damage due to Overpressure ...... 7-17 Table 7.9 Different Failure Scenarios ...... 7-22 Table 7.10 Hazards Scenario Impact ...... 7-24 Table 10.1 Environment Management Plan during Construction Phase ...... 10-3 Table 10.2 Environment Management Plan during Operational Phase ...... 10-7 Table 10.3 Species to be planted in the industry ...... 10-16 Table 10.4 Greenbelt Budget for 5 Years ...... 10-17 Table 10.5 Budget for environmental management plan ...... 10-22 Table 11.1 Salient Features of the Proposed project ...... 11-2
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
List of Abbreviations MGOPL MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. ToR Terms of Reference EIA Environment Impact Assessment AAQ Ambient Air Quality APHA American Public Health Association BDL Below Detection Level BIS Bureau of Indian Standards CPCB Central Pollution Control Board MoEF&CC Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change UPPCB Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board CSA Chloro Sulphonic Acid DMS Di-Methyl Sulphate HCL Hydrochloric Acid TPD Tons per Day SO3 Sulphur Tri Oxide CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate IRR Internal rate of return CTE Consent to Establish CTO Consent to operate MT Metric Tones NOC No Objection Certificate EAC Expert Appraisal Committee B Boron Zn Zinc KLD Kilo Litre per Day N North S South E East W West NE North East SW South West NH National Highway km Kilometer M2 square meter Kg Kilogram
SA / H2SO4 Sulphuric Acid KCl Potassium Chloride HDPE High Density Poly ethylene PP Polypropylene EOT Electric overhead traveling PM Particulate Matter ETP Effluent Treatment Plant MS Mild steel RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete kVA/ KW Kilo Volt ampere/ Kilo watt
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
DG Diesel Generator F Fluoride
SO2 Sulphur Dioxide
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide HC Hydrocarbon HBr Hydrogen Bromide Cl Chlorine STP Sewage Treatment Plant GLC Ground level Concentration CFM Cubic Feet per Minute Mg/ Nm3 Milligram per Normal meter cube DDS Dedusting System SPCB State Pollution Control Board dBA Decibel (A) RO Reverse Osmosis CER Corporate Environment Responsibility QA/QC Quality Assurance/ Quality Control SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission GIS Geographic Information System CGWB Central Ground Water Board FCC False Colour Composite MSS multispectral µg/m3 Microgram per meter cube PCU Passenger Car Unit IRC Indian Road Congress BDU Best Designated Use GW Ground water
CaCO3 Calcium Carbonate Mbgl Meter below ground level IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature’s CO Carbon Monoxide APCM Air Pollution Controlling Equipment PUC Pollution Under Control ILO International Labour Organization PPEs Personal protective equipment VOC Volatile Organic Carbon USEPA United State Environmental Protection Agency AERMOD Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling System UTM Universal Transverse Meter TSDF Treatment, Storage, And Disposal Facility ZLD Zero Liquid Discharge RET Rare, Endangered and Threatened FPS Fine Particulate Matter Sampler DGMS Directorate General of Mines Safety, EMP Environment Management Plan DMP Disaster Management Plan RSPM Respirable suspended particulate matter
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EHS Environment Health & Safety EMC Environment Management Cell ERPG Emergency Response Planning Guidelines IDLH Immediately Dangerous To Life Or Health LDO Light Diesel Oil HSD High Sulphur Diesel LEL Lower Explosive Limit UEL Upper Explosive Limit ACGIH The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists STEL Short-Term Exposure Limit TLV Threshold Limit Value IT Inhalation Toxicity AEGL Acute Exposure Guideline Levels HAZOP Hazard and Operability Study EPP Emergency Preparedness Plan LED Light Emitting Diode NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards MSRL Mild Steel Rubber Lined
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EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
This chapter provides background information of the project, need of the project, need of the EIA study, scope and EIA methodology adopted and structure of the report.
1.1 Introduction
M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. has been a reputed name in the chemical industry and well-known manufacturers, exporters, and traders of well formulated range of chemicals, thinners, diluent, solvents & paint strippers post its establishment in 2003. The company is one of the leading producers of various range of products including Acetone, Ethyl Acetate, Iso Propyl Alcohol (IPA), Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Methylene Chloride (MDC), Ethylene Dichloride (EDC), Perchloroethylene (PCE), Tetrahydrofuran (THF), Trichloroethylene (TCE), Toluene, Xylene, Thinners & Diluent etc. It is an ISO 9001:2015 certified company.
The company has a unit located at HD-24 & HC-08 UPSIDC Industrial Area, Sikandrabad, District- Bulandshahar, Uttar Pradesh, Pin- 203205 involved in production of chemicals, thinners, diluent, solvents & paint strippers. The company’s customer- oriented approach has been thriving them in providing best service as per exact needs of the end users.
In order to diversify the company’s name in various sectors, the organization has proposed to setup a “Pesticide Manufacturing Project” at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403.
1.2 Brief About Project & Project Proponent
The proposed project is a “Pesticide Manufacturing Project” which falls under Item No. 5(b) i.e., Pesticide and pesticide specific intermediates as per the EIA notification, September 14, 2006 (as amended time to time), it is to be treated as Category 'A’ and needs to obtain the prior Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC, New Delhi. As the site falls in approved industrial area, hence public hearing/public consultation is exempted for the proposal.
The total capacity of the proposed plant will be 700 MT/month (Insecticide- 200 MT/month, Fungicide-100 MT/month, Herbicide- 100 MT/month, Advanced specific pesticides intermediates- 100 MT/month and Research & Development-based Products- 200 MT/month). The plant also proposes formulation unit with a total capacity of 300 MT/month. Since, environmental clearance has been exempted for formulation units as per EIA Notification, 2006 and further amendments, formulation capacity for the plant has not been added.
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Project Proponent M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. has been a reputed name in the chemical industry and well-known manufacturers, exporters, and traders of well formulated range of chemicals, thinners, diluent, solvents & paint strippers post its establishment in 2003. The company is one of the leading producers of various range of products including Acetone, Ethyl Acetate, Iso Propyl Alcohol (IPA), Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Methylene Chloride (MDC), Ethylene Dichloride (EDC), Perchloroethylene (PCE), Tetrahydrofuran (THF), Trichloroethylene (TCE), Toluene, Xylene, Thinners & Diluent etc. It is an ISO 9001:2015 certified company. The company’s customer- oriented approach has been thriving them in providing best service as per exact needs of the end users. Details of Contact person are given in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Details of Contact Person
Project Proponent : M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd MG House, H-25, Alpha-2,Greater Noida (Uttar Registered Address : Pradesh),Pin-201310 , India Authorized Signatory : Mr. Ravinath Singh Designation : Director Email Id : [email protected] Mobile No. : 0120-2567000
1.3 Project Site
The project site consists of two adjacent plots i.e., Plot No. Q-2/6 & Q-2/7, Kosi Kotwan Extension-II, Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (UPSIDC) Industrial Area, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh- 281403. The establishment of pesticide manufacturing unit will be done over a total land area of 10067.15 m2 (1.006715 ha.). The coordinates of center of the site are Latitude: 27°49'40.0"N and Longitude: 77°24'26.6"E.
The Google image showing Project boundary and 10 km area map is shown in Figure 1.1 & Figure 1.2, respectively. Topographic Map is shown in Figure 1.3.
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Figure 1.1 : Project Location
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Figure 1.2 : Project Location and 10 km Radius area
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Figure 1.3 : Toposheet Map showing the project site and 10 Km Radius Area
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1.4 Need for the project and its importance to the country
Indian Agrochemicals Market
The Indian pesticides market was worth INR 197 Billion in 2018, growing at a CAGR of 10% during 2011-2018. The market is further projected to reach a value of INR 316 Billion by 2024, growing at a CAGR of 8.1% during 2019-2024 1.
With the growing global populations constantly challenging food production, agrochemicals offer a means towards meeting the challenge of more food, less land. The role of agrochemicals is not limited to protection from pests and diseases that threaten our food supply; they help in yield enhancement as well.
The agrochemicals industry has played a great role since first green revolution to transform India's ship-to mouth economy to a farm-to ship economy. The India agrochemicals market size reached a value of almost USD 4.5 billion in the year 2020. The market is further expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.6% between 2021 and 2026 to reach a value of almost USD 7.4 billion by 2026 2, Indian agrochemicals is the second largest and a fast-growing segment in the Indian agri-input industry.
Vision of Indian Economy by 2025 Use of agrochemicals contributes not only to healthy growth of crops but also to improved farm work efficiency and stable supply of tasty agricultural produce. The onset of agrochemicals era transformed Indian agriculture from food deficient to food surplus country. Going ahead, increase in agricultural yields itself will contribute ~60% towards the vision of doubling farmer income by 2025 (NITI Aayog). Doubling of farmer income will result in a significant increase in rural disposable income and hence spending, which is integral to push economic growth. Also, exports of India have grown at CAGR 12.77% from FY 2015-19, while imports have grown at CAGR 5.12% 3. Therefore, agrochemicals industry, through increase in yields and contribution to exports will play a major role in achieving the vision of 5 Trillion USD economy.
1 Imarcgroup.com. Indian Pesticides Market to Reach INR 316.3 Billion By 2024. [online] Available at:
2 Expertmarketresearch.com. India Agrochemicals Market Report and Forecast 2021-2026. [online] Available at:
3 Ficci.in. 2019. A Report on Indian Agrochemical Industry (July 2019). [online] Available at:
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Need of Pesticides The global population currently stands at 7.7 billion and is expected to rise to 9.7 billion by 2050 4. This will lead to an increased demand for food. The dietary needs in emerging countries will change as economy grows. To meet the food & nutrition needs of a growing population a sustainable approach is required, that puts thrust on increasing productivity against the background of lower yields & decreasing farm sizes. It requires a push from all stakeholders – the farmer, the government and the agrochemical/agro industry collectively so that the changing needs of the society are met. Around 25% of the global crop output is lost due to attacks by pests, weeds and diseases which doesn't augur well for farming given the critical challenges ahead and thus agrochemicals have an increasing role to play. The proposed project will provide the appropriate pesticide in the market to increase the crop output.
Benefits of the proposed project ➢ It will fulfill the demand supply gap of pesticides and related intermediates. ➢ It is expected to improve the profitability of MGOPL. ➢ It will maintain stability in Indigenous / domestic market for pesticides. ➢ It will ease the dependency of import of pesticides within the country.
1.5 Need of the EIA Study
As per the Government of India (Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC) EIA Notification 2006 and further amendments, the proposed pesticide and pesticide intermediates unit has to obtain prior environmental clearance. The proposed project is covered under Schedule 5(b) Category 'A' as per the Schedule-I of EIA Notification 2006 and its amendment thereof and hence requires prior environmental clearance from MoEF&CC, New Delhi.
The environmental study for proposed project is aimed to integrate and optimize line of operations related to pesticides and pesticide intermediates product, existing environmental conditions of the Study area (around proposed project site), predicting environmental impacts associated with the proposed project and suggesting mitigation measures to either eliminate or minimize the environmental impacts. The study also aims to assess feedback of different stakeholders addressing their concerns in mitigation plans.
1.5.1 Regulatory Framework Prior Environmental Clearance is required from MOEF&CC for this project as it falls under Schedule I, Category A [Project under “activity-5 (b) pesticide and pesticide
4 UN DESA | United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2019. Growing at a Slower Pace, World population is expected to reach 9.7 billion in 2050 and could peak at nearly 11 billion around 2100. [online] Available at:
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specific intermediates”] of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated September 14, 2006 and amended thereof. Applicable permits and clearance to this project are as under in Table 1.2.
Table 1.2 : Details of Permits and Clearance Applicable and its Status
S. Permit For Proposed Status No. /Clearance/Standards Project 1 No Objection Certificate Mandatory Shall be obtained after (Consent to Establish) from grant of Environmental Uttar Pradesh Pollution Clearance Control Board (UPPCB) (for the project 2 Factory License Mandatory Shall be obtained 3 Consent to Operate from Mandatory Shall be obtained after Uttar Pradesh Pollution grant of Environmental Control Board (UPPCB) for Clearance the project under Water Prevention and Control of Pollution (Act, 1974 and Air Prevention and Control of Pollution (Act, 1981 5 The Hazardous & Other Authorization Shall be obtained Waste (Management and required for Transboundary Movement) storage, Amendment Rules, 2020 transportation and disposal of the hazardous waste 6 Clearance for Boiler Mandatory Shall be obtained Operation From Inspector of Boilers, Uttar Pradesh 7 License to store hazardous Mandatory Shall be obtained fuels/explosive substances from Director of Explosives.
1.6 ToR Compliance
The application for the scoping of the said project was submitted to the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) Industry II, MoEF&CC, New Delhi and the standard ToR was granted to the project vide F.No. IA-J-11011/289/2020-IA-II(I) on 27th November 2020. Copy of the TOR letter is attached as Annexure-I. The EIA study is conducted in-line with the approved standard TOR accorded by EAC (Industry-II) and taking into consideration the structure of the report given in the Appendix III of EIA Notification 2006. The compliance to the approved TOR is presented in Table 1.3.
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Table 1.3 TOR Compliance
S.No. TOR Terms Compliance 1 Executive summary Proposed project is a greenfield project with total project cost of 12.93 Crores, proposed at Kosi Kotwan Ext-II UPSIDC Mathura Uttar Pradesh by M/s MG Orgaincs Pvt ltd. The proposal is for production of 700 MT/Month of pesticide excluding formulation (Insecticide-200 MT/Month, Fungicide-100 MT/Month, Herbicide-100 MT/Month, Advance pesticide specific intermediates-100 MT/month and R&D based products-200 MT/Month. Total 39 nos. of different types of pesticide are proposed (14 nos. of Insecticide, 5 nos. of Fungicide, 11 nos. of Herbicide and 9 nos Pesticide Specific Intermediate). Formulation unit is also proposed with production capacity of 300 MT/Month. Project falls under Item 5a Category A of EIA notification and requires prior Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC. ToR for the proposed project was issued on 27.11.2020. Baseline study for the proposed project was carried during Oct-Dec 2020. The landuse study shows 89% of the study area is Agricultural land and 4% vegetation cover, 6% Settlement and 1% water body. Soil sampling at 8 location was carried out and analysis result shows soil in the study area is slightly Alkaline with Medium Organic Carbon, Medium in nutrient content with Zn deficient. 8 Ground water and surface water samples were drawn from the study area. Water Quality Index of the study area based on the drinking water criteria was found to be categorized under Poor to Very Poor for Surface water and Good to Not suitable for drinking for ground water. Predominant wind direction for the study period was observed to be NW with Avg. Wind speed of 2.01 and Temperature variation from 7 0C to 40 0C with Min. relative humidity of 8% to Max. 88%. 8 Ambient air monitoring location were selected for monitoring in the study area. Results shows AQI of the study area
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was observed to vary from Moderate to Satisfactory. Noise monitoring results shows Noise levels marginally exceeding at 2 location categorized under residential out of total 8 location. Rest all were within the categorized statutory limit. Biotic survey shows no endangered species observed in the study area. Schedule I species Pavo cristatus was observed in the study area and Conservation plan with budgetary allocation was prepared and submitted to chief wildlife warden. Mathura has a sex ratio of 858 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 72.65%. The sex ratio in the study area was observed to be 863 females per 1000 males against the national ratio of 940 females per 1000 males. 56.78% is the literacy rate of study area with 36.5% of male literates and 20.28% of female literates. 23% of Main worker and 11% of Marginal workers are observed in the study area with 66% of Non Workers. There is considerable improvement in educational facility. Most of the villages are depending upon the nearby town and district headquarters for such type of medical facility. No Dispensary facility was available in any revenue villages of the study area. Project site and study area ground water table falls under safe zone as per CGWA. Project site and study area falls under Seismic Zone IV categorized as High Risk Zone. Proposed project shall have short term reversible impact with respect to air during construction phase and minor incremental on the ambient air (max. 0.895 µg/m3 , 0.729 µg/m3, 1.82 µg/m3, 3.69 µg/m3 ,4.31 µg/m3 , 0.0016 µg/m3 with respect to PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx,HCl,Cl2 respectively) due to proposed project operation. APCD like ESP to boiler stack and Two stage wet scrubbers to process stacks are proposed to mitigate the
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impact of proposed project on air environment. Project being ZLD project no impact with respect to water quality shall be due to proposed project. Their shall be minor increase in noise levels during construction phase but that shall be short term and reversible, Noise shall be maintained within the limit hence no impact with respect to noise is proposed due to operation of unit. Due to employment generation and tree plantation for greenbelt development in 33.28% of plot it shall have positive impact on the socio economic and biological environment of the area. CSR and CER in the area shall have positive impact with respect to social development. The risk assessment shows impact zone within the site under most scenario expect under chlorine line leakage scenario its impact zone is around 1 km. However, project being in the industrial area no impact on the residential community shall be there. As per the survey major industry in the 1 km area of the site are engineering unit or food industry hence no cumulative impact envisaged. Project being proposed in industrial area not alternative site was investigated. Environmental Monitoring plan during construction and operation phase is outline with parameters, no of location and period/frequency of monitoring with budgetary allocation. 196 Lakhs are allocated as Capital EMP cost with 50 lakhs/annum of recurring cost. Detailed Executive summary is given in CHAPTER 11.
2 Introduction i. Details of the EIA Consultant EQMS India Pvt Ltd a NABET Accredited “A including NABET accreditation Category” Consultant is the environmental Consultant for this project. Details of the consultant profile and the team engaged in the report preparation is detailed in
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CHAPTER 12. ii. Information about the project The project proponent is M/s MG Organics proponent Pvt. Ltd. Mr. Ravinath (Director) is the authorized signatory for the proposed project. M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. has been a reputed name in the chemical industry and well-known manufacturers, exporters, and traders of well formulated range of chemicals, thinners, diluent, solvents & paint strippers post its establishment in 2003. Details about project proponent are given Section 1.2 of Chapter-1. iii. Importance and benefits of the The proposed project will help in economic project growth and decrease demand and supply gap of pesticides in the country. The proposed green belt area (33.28% of plot area) will give a better aesthetic view of land and building. The project proponent shall set precedents for the further development of transport, communication, infrastructure and other developments in the area. Through social developmental activities like employment generation, the project will provide beneficial. Details about importance and project benefits are given Section 1.4 of Chapter 1 and Chapter 8. 3 Project Description i. Cost of project and time of The Cost of the project is Rs. 12.93 Crores. completion. Construction and installation of machinery will be completed in 1-2 years after start of construction. Bifurcated cost details are given in Section 2.13 of Chapter 2. ii. Products with capacities for the The total capacity of the proposed plant will proposed project. be 700 MT/month (Insecticide- 200 MT/month, Fungicide-100 MT/month, Herbicide- 100 MT/month, Advanced specific pesticides intermediates- 100 MT/month and Research & Development-based Products- 200 MT/month). The quantum of production products will be 14 nos. of Insecticide, 5 nos. of Fungicide, 11 nos. of Herbicide and 9 nos. The plant also proposes formulation unit with a total capacity of 300 MT/month. List of products with capacities is given in Section 2.5 of Chapter 2. iii. If expansion project, details of Not applicable as proposed project is a existing products with capacities greenfield project. and whether adequate land is
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available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any. iv. List of raw materials required and Raw Materials like Nitric Acid, Potassium their source along with mode of Hydroxide, EDS, DMF etc. will be used for transportation. production of proposed products. Raw Materials will be sourced through both indigenous and import as well. Raw materials will be transported majorly by road transport. However, rail and shipment will also be used wherever necessary. Detailed raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation has been provided in Annexure-II. v. Other chemicals and materials Other chemicals and materials like required with quantities and Sulphuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Toulene storage capacities etc. will be used. They will be stored and transported with extra caution. Details of Storage capacities and transportation method are given in Section 2.7 of Chapter 2 and Annexure II. vi. Details of Emission, effluents, Air Emissions: The main sources of hazardous waste generation and emission in the plant will be combustion of their management. fuel for operation of DG Sets, Boiler & plant machineries and process reactor vents. All air pollution control techniques and systems will be installed in the plant to reduce the emissions. Details for air emission and management has been provided in Section 2.10.2 of Chapter 2.
Liquid Effluent: Total Wastewater Generation from the project will be 47 KLD. 4 KLD domestic sewage will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant of capacity 10 KLD. 37 KLD (36 KLD Process Effluent + 1 KLD DM Plant Effluent) will be treated in MEE (Capacity- 75 KLD). Out of which, 34 KLD MEE Condensate will be reused for cooling tower purposes. 4 KLD distillate along with rest of 6 KLD industrial effluent will be treated in ETP (Capacity- 100 KLD) followed by RO (Capacity- 50 KLD) treatment. Total 42 KLD recycled water will be reused within plant for cooling tower. 4 KLD domestic sewage will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (Capacity-10 KLD). 3 KLD treated water from STP will be reused in the unit for gardening. The project will be a “Zero-liquid Discharge” Project. Details of effluent generation and management have
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been provided in Section 2.10.1 of Chapter- 2. Hazardous Waste: The industry shall obtain authorization under Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2021 for the waste generated and categorized under hazardous waste as per Schedule of The Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2021. Details of hazardous waste generation and management have been provided in Section 2.10.4 of Chapter-2. vii. Requirement of water, power, with Water Requirement: The total water source of supply, status of requirement of the project will be 140 KLD. approval, water balance diagram, Out of which, 95 KLD freshwater man-power requirement (regular requirement will be sourced from borewell and contract) and the rest will be sufficed by re-using 45 KLD treated water from STP/ETP/MEE. Water Will be sourced through Ground Water. Application submitted for Ground water is attached as Annexure V. Details of water requirement has been provided in Section 2.9.3 of Chapter-2. Power Requirement: The total power requirement of the plant will be 1000 kVA which will be sourced from Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL). For the power backup, DG sets of capacity 1x250 kVA and 1x500 kVA will be installed. Details of power requirement have been provided in Section 2.9.2 of Chapter-2. Manpower Requirement: Total employment projection of the project will be 90 and total population projection of the project would be 100 no. i.e., 90 nos. of workers with 10 no. of visitors in its operational phase. Details have been provided in Section 2.9.5 of Chapter-2. viii. Process description along with Process flow diagram and other major equipments and manufacturing details are given in Section machineries, process flow sheet 2.6 of Chapter 2 and Annexure II (quantities) from raw material to List of major equipments and machineries to products to be provided be installed in proposed project is given in Section 2.8 of Chapter -2 ix. Hazard identification and details Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis of of proposed safety systems. hazardous material in the project have been provided in Section 7.1 of Chapter-7. Proposed safety systems have been provided
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in Section 7.3 of Chapter-7. x. Expansion/modernization Not applicable as the proposed project is proposals: greenfield project. a. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing I am existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report. b. In case the existing project has Not applicable as the proposed project is not obtained environmental greenfield project. clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted. 4 Site Details i. Location of the project site The project site consists of two plots i.e., Plot covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, No. Q-2/6 & Q-2/7, Kosi Kotwan Extension- District and State, Justification II, Uttar Pradesh State Industrial for selecting the site, whether Development Corporation (UPSIDC) other sites were considered. Industrial Area, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh- 281403. Details have been provided in
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Section 2.2 of Chapter-2. Project being proposed in notified industrial area with all developed facilities and infrastructures as well with good connectivity and availability of raw material, the proposed site is best suited site for the proposed project. Justification for site selection is given in Section 5.1 of Chapter 5. ii. A toposheet of the study area of Toposheet of the study area of radius of radius of 10km and site location 10km and site location on on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco- sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) is given in environmentally sensitive places) Figure 1.3; Section 1.3 of Chapter 1. Also attached as Annexure VIII iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for The project being in a notified industrial selection of site area provided many benefits to the proposal like industrial land use, better connectivity to NH-2 etc. Hence, there were no alternative site analysis done for the site.
Details for justification of selection of site has been given in Section 5.1 of Chapter 5. iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four Co-ordinates of the project are: corners of the site. Latitude: 27°49'40.0"N Longitude: 77°24'26.6"E
Project location with Co-ordinates of all four corners of the site is given in Figure 1.1; Section 1.3 of Chapter 1. v. Google map-Earth downloaded of Google earth map is given in Figure 1.1 & the project site. 1.2; Section 1.3 of Chapter 1. vi. Layout maps indicating existing The layout map of the project showing unit as well as proposed unit storage area, plant area, green belt area, indicating storage area, plant utilities, etc is given in Figure 2.2; Section area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. 2.3 of Chapter 2. Also attached as If located within an Industrial Annexure IX. area/Estate/Complex, layout of The proposed project is located in a Notified Industrial Area indicating location Industrial Area i.e., Kosi Kotwan Extension- of unit within the Industrial II, USDISC, Mathura. UP. area/Estate. vii. Photographs of the proposed and Proposed project is Greenfield Project. Site existing (if applicable) plant site. If photographs have been attached in Section existing, show photographs of 2.2. of Chapter-2. plantation/greenbelt. viii. Land use break-up of total land of The proposed project falls in a notified the project site (identified and industrial area. The total plot area of the acquired), government/private - project is 10067.15 m2. agricultural, forest, wasteland, Break-up of total land of the project site is water bodies, settlements, etc the following: shall be included. (not required for Ground Coverage: 3600 m2
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industrial area) Open & Road Area: 3117.15 m2 Green Belt Area: 3350 m2 Further details are given in Section 2.3 of Chapter 2. ix. A list of major industries with Project site is situated in UPSIDC Industrial name and type within study area Area, Mathura, thus many small and (10km radius) shall be medium industries are present near the incorporated. Land use details of project site. Details of major industries with the study area name and type within study area (10km radius) given in Section 2.2.2 of chapter 2. The total land area under study area (10 km) of the project site is 319.84 sqkm consisting various land uses like agricultural, vegetation, open scrub, settlement and water bodies. Further land use details of the study area is given in Section 3.9 of Chapter 3. x. Geological features and Geo- Geological features of Study Area: Study hydrological status of the study area covers geological strata with the area shall be included. homogenous formation and does not show any significant structural complications. Quaternary alluvial tract covers most of the part in Mathura district except for few NE- SW trending ridges, which expose Delhi Super Group of rocks in the west. The Mathura Older Alluvial Plains are flat to gently undulating alluvial tract covering most of the area. In the marginal tracts of Yamuna in the southern region, badlands and ravinous tracts are developed. Further details have been provided in Section 3.6 of Chapter-3.
Geohydrological Status of Study Area: As per depth to water level data of ground water monitoring stations for the year 2012, premonsoon water level varies from 2.65 to 14.34 mbgl. In postmonsoon period depth to water varies from 1.33 to 14.00 mbgl. As per the report on Dynamic Ground Water Resources of Uttar Pradesh as on 31.3.2009, the annual ground water availability of Mathura district is 93781.47 ham and the block of project site comes in “Safe” Category. Further Details are given in Section 3.8 of Chapter 3. xi. Details of Drainage of the project In the Study area (10km) Kosi distributary, upto 5km radius of study area. If Nandgaon Distributary, Agra Canal, the site is within 1 km radius of Shergarh Distributary flows. There is not any major river, peak and lean any drainage in the project site. Further season river discharge as well as details are given in Section 3.5 of Chapter flood occurrence frequency based 3.
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on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) xii. Status of acquisition of land. If The project site has already been acquired acquisition is not complete, stage by UPSIDC from which it has been allotted of the acquisition process and to M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. expected time of complete possession of the land. xiii. R&R details in respect of land in Proposed project being in notified industrial line with state Government policy area and vacant land allotted to proponent by UPSIDC hence R&R is not applicable. Land documents are attached as Annexure IV. 5 Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): i. Permission and approval for the Not Applicable. No forest land involved use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable) ii. Landuse map based on High Not Applicable resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha) iii. Status of Application submitted Not Applicable for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. iv. The projects to be located within No national parks, sanctuaries, biosphere 10 km of the National Parks, reserves, migratory corridors of wild animals Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, within 10 km area of the proposed project Migratory Corridors of Wild site. Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly Pavo cristatus which is a schedule-I species authenticated by the Chief has been observed in the study area. The Wildlife Warden of the State Indian Peafowl is categorized as ‘Least Government for conservation of Concerned’ in the International Union for Schedule I fauna, if any exists in Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List. the study area Wildlife Conservation Plan has been submitted to Chief Wildlife Warden of the
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State Government for the conservation of Schedule-1 fauna. The approval process in under progress. The same has been enclosed as Annexure-VII. vi. Copy of application submitted for Not Applicable clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife 6 Environmental Status i. Determination of atmospheric Meteorological Data: inversion level at the project site Temperature–Annual Average mean and site specific micro- minimum temperature varies from 3.2°C meteorological data using (Jan) to 22.9°C (August) while mean temperature, relative humidity, maximum temperature varies from 25.2°C hourly wind speed and direction (Jan) to 45.4°C (June). and rainfall. Relative Humidity–Relative Humidity at 8:30 hr varies from 47% (May) to 76% (August) while at 17:30 hr it ranges from 39% (May) to 72% in (August). Rainfall–Total annual mean rainfall was observed to be 600.1 mm. Wind Direction–The wind pattern of the region shows that the predominant wind direction is NW for most of the months. Descriptive details of the same have been provided in Section 3.12 of Chapter-3. ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 AAQ data has been collected at 8 locations locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other NOX, CO and other parameters relevant parameters. relevant to the project shall be The maximum concentration of PM10, PM2.5, collected. The monitoring stations SO2, NOX, CO, NH3, HC & VOC was 135 shall be based CPCB guidelines µg/m3, 68 µg/m3,23.0 µg/m3, 43.7 µg/m3 and take into account the pre- ,1.38 mg/m3, <20 µg/m3, <0.1 ppm & <0.1 dominant wind direction, ppm respectively. population zone and sensitive Details have been provided in Section 3.12 receptors including reserved of Chapter-3. forests. iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 for 12 weeks of all stations as per weeks of all stations as per frequency given frequency given in the NAQQM in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 Notification of Nov. 2009 along along with – min., max., average and 98% with – min., max., average and values for each of the AAQ parameters from 98% values for each of the AAQ data of all AAQ stations have been attached parameters from data of all AAQ as Annexure-XII. stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. iv. Surface water quality of nearby Surface water quality of nearby surface River (100m upstream and water bodies at 8 locations has been downstream of discharge point) assessed. It was observed that the analyzed
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and other surface drains at eight surface waters is moderately polluted and locations as per CPCB/ MoEF&CC classified as “Class ‘C’” and can be used as guidelines. Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection. Thus, all the analyzed parameters were within the limits specified for suitable for meeting “Drinking water requirement after conventional treatment and disinfection”. Details are given in Section 3.11 of Chapter 3. v. Whether the site falls near to No, the project doesn’t fall near the polluted polluted stretch of river identified stretch of river identified by by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes CPCB/MoEF&CC. give details. vi. Ground water monitoring at Ground water monitoring was done at 8 minimum at 8 locations shall be locations. included. The analysis results indicated that the pH ranged between 6.87 to 8.14, which are well within the specified standard of 6.5 to 8.5 limit. Total hardness was recorded to range from 510 to 2672 mg/l, which is within the permissible limit 600 mg/l at all locations except the location SW2, SW3 , SW5, SW6 & SW7.The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentration recorded ranged between 1375 to 3985 mg/l and was within the permissible limits (2000 mg/l) at all locations except the location SW2, SW3, SW5 , SW6 , SW7 & SW8.Chlorides was recorded to range from 410 to 1650 mg/l, which is within the permissible limit 1000 mg/l at all locations except the location SW2, SW3 & SW6.Sulphates at all the locations were within the permissible limits (400 mg/l) as it ranged between 86 – 294 mg/l. Bacteriological studies reveal that no coliform bacterial are present in the samples.
Details for groundwater are given in Section 3.11 of Chapter 3.
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 Noise monitoring was done at 8 locations. As locations within the study area. per the analysis, The noise level at Umrala & Hasanpur Nagla location was observed to be marginally exceeding the ambient CPCB noise limit. The major source of the noise in the Umrala is due to community activity and nearest road which is directly connected with NH2 and in the Hasanpur Nagla is due to
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community activity in residential Area, Railway Line & NH-2 and for all other location of the study area it is found within the prescribed National Ambient Noise Quality Standards. Further details are given in Section 3.13 of Chapter 3. viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB Soil characteristics as per CPCB guidelines guidelines. we analyzed at 8 locations. Based on Nutrient Index Value for N, P & K as per analysis, the soils of study area fall into “MEDIUM FERTILITY STATUS”. Soils have medium organic carbon and are capable of moderately supporting for agriculture. The soils of study area area and project site is slightly alkaline in nature as pH value of soils in all analyzed samples is less than 8.5 and simultaneously the value of EC is less than 1 dS/m (1000 µmhos/cm). Details are given in Section 3.10 of Chapter 3. ix. Traffic study of the area, type of Traffic count study was undertaken in NH-2 vehicles, frequency of vehicles for near the site. As per the study conducted, no transportation of materials, major traffic is present at this road. With the additional traffic due to proposed operation of proposed project, the traffic project, parking arrangement etc. volume would increase further. However, the incremental will be very less in comparison to the carrying capacity of the road. LOS will be increase after project 47.28%. Thus, no major impact is anticipated in the nearby road due to the proposed project.
Further Details of Traffic Study area is given in Section 3.16 of Chapter 3. x. Detailed description of flora and Details are given in Section 3.14 of fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) Chapter 3. existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. xi. Socio-economic status of the According to the 2011 census Mathura study area. district has a population of 2,547,184, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of Nevada. The district has a population density of 761 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,970/sq mi).
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Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 22.53%. Mathura has a sex ratio of 858 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 72.65%.
Further details on socio-economic status of study area are given in Section 3.15 of Chapter 3. 7 Impact and Environment Management Plan i. Assessment of ground level Assessment of ground level of pollutants concentration of pollutants from from the stack emission based on site- the stack emission based on site- specific meteorological features along with specific meteorological features. Cumulative impact of all sources of In case the project is located on a emissions (including transportation) on the hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling AAQ of the area have been given in Section shall be done using inputs of the 4.7.1 of Chapter-4. specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts Details are given in Section 4.7.1 of of the project on the AAQ. Chapter 4. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. ii. Water Quality modelling – in case The proposed proposal being ZLD unit no of discharge in water body discharge in the water body proposed hence not Applicable iii. Impact of the transport of the raw The transportation of material will be materials and end products on the through internal road of UPSIDC which is surrounding environment shall be further connected to the NH-2. The assessed and provided. In this transportation of raw material and finished regard, options for transport of product will be through Road only. As per raw materials and finished the study conducted, no major traffic is products and wastes (large present at this road. With the operation of quantities) by rail or rail-cum road proposed project, the traffic volume would transport or conveyor-cum-rail increase further. However, the incremental transport shall be examined. will be very less in comparison to the carrying capacity of the road. LOS will be increase after project 47.28%. Thus, no major impact is anticipated in the nearby road due to the proposed project. iv. A note on treatment of wastewater The wastewater treatment scheme proposed from different plant operations, for the project are STP – 10 KLD; ETP- 100 extent recycled and reused for KLD; MEE (3-stage)- 75 KLD; RO- 50 KLD. different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of
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effluent treatment. Details are given in Section 2.10.1 of Characteristics of untreated and Chapter 2. treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules. v. Details of stack emission and The sources of stack emission are Steam action plan for control of Boiler and DG sets while sources of process emissions to meet standards. emissions are process reactor vents. All air pollution control techniques and systems will be installed in the plant to reduce the emissions. The plant will be maintaining all emission norms prescribed by MoEF&CC/UPPCB/CPCB. Stacks with appropriate pollution control system shall be introduced in the plants.
Details of emission and air pollution control measures are given in Section 2.10.2 of Chapter 2. vi. Measures for fugitive emission Measures for fugitive emission control have control been provided in Section 2.10.2 of Chapter 2. vii. Details of hazardous waste The industry shall obtain authorization generation and their storage, under Hazardous Wastes (Management, utilization and management. Handling and Transboundary Movement) Copies of MOU regarding Amendment Rules, 2021 for the waste utilization of solid and hazardous generated and categorized under hazardous waste in cement plant shall also waste as per Schedule of The Hazardous & be included. EMP shall include Other Waste (Management and the concept of waste- Transboundary Movement) Amendment minimization, Rules, 2021. Details of hazardous waste recycle/reuse/recover generation and management have been techniques, Energy conservation, provided in Section 2.10.4 of Chapter-2. and natural resource Various measures like solvent recovery, ZLD conservation. concept, use of solar panels etc. have been planned to implement for the project. Related measures for Concept of Waste Minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation have been provided at Section 10.7 of Chapter 10. viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall It shall be given to brick manufacturer. be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. ix. Action plan for the green belt MGOPL will developed a dense greenbelt in development plan in 33 % area i.e. about 3350 sq.m (33.28% of total plot) area land with not less than 1,500 within the plant. On an average about 350 trees per ha. Giving details of trees/shrubs along with, garden, herbs and species, width of plantation, shall be planted within the premises as a planning schedule etc. shall be greenbelt. Generally local/indigenous fast- included. The green belt shall be growing trees/ shrubs will be planted.
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around the project boundary and Details of green belt development is given in a scheme for greening of the roads Section 10.6 of Chapter 10. used for the project shall also be incorporated. x. Action plan for rainwater Two separate storm water line shall be harvesting measures at plant site provided in the plant, one from roof top of shall be submitted to harvest admin office, QC lab, R&D building and rainwater from the roof tops and another from other part of the plant. storm water drains to recharge the Rainwater from roof top of admin office, etc ground water and also to use for shall be collected in storage tank of 100 KL the various activities at the project and reused in the process after pre- site to conserve fresh water and treatment. Collected water from other part of reduce the water requirement the plant shall be channelized to storm from other sources. water line of industrial area. Measures shall be taken to avoid mixing of floor washing water with storm water.
Measures to be adopted to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources are discussed in EIA report. xi. Total capital cost and recurring Company will spend cost on environment cost/annum for environmental management plan for compliance of pollution control measures shall standards, norms laid down by GoI and be included. environmental sustainability. Total capital cost for the Rs. 196 Lacs while recurring cost will be Rs. 50 Lacs. Details are given in Section 10.11 of Chapter 10. xii. Action plan for post-project Action Plan for post-project environmental environmental monitoring shall monitoring is given in Chapter 6. be submitted. xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster Onsite and Offsite Disaster Management (natural and Man-made) Pant has been provided in Section 7.4 of Preparedness and Emergency Chapter-7. Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8 Occupational health i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure Measures like regular health check-up, the occupational health & safety training programs, provision of PPE’s etc. of all contract and casual workers will be done for occupational health and safety for all contract and casual workers. Details have been provided in Section 10.5 of Chapter-10. ii. Details of exposure specific health It is a new unit. All measures shall be status evaluation of worker. If the adopted as per the applicable guideline. workers’ health is being evaluated Exposure limits are mentioned in the by predesigned format, chest x Chapter 7.
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rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre- placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above- mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. iii. Details of existing Occupational & It is a new unit. All measures shall be Safety Hazards. What are the adopted as per the applicable guideline. exposure levels of hazards and Exposure limits are mentioned in the whether they are within Chapter 7. Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved, iv. Annual report of health status of None. workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety 9 Corporate Environment Policy i. Does the company have a well laid Yes, the company has a well laid down down Environment Policy Environmental Policy approved by Board of approved by its Board of Directors. MGOPL has adopted Directors? If so, it may be detailed Environmental, Health & Safety policy in the in the EIA report. plant for sustainability. The industry shall implement and achieve the following target points under compliance for Environment, Health and Safety. Details have been provided in Section 10.10.2 of Chapter-10. ii. Does the Environment Policy A separate EMP cell, Fire & Safety cell and prescribe for standard operating Occupational Health Centre will be provided process / procedures to bring into in the plant for compliance of Environmental focus any infringement / management plan and OHSAS guideline deviation / violation of the Company. MGOPL will create a team environmental or forest norms / consisting of officers to co-ordinate the conditions? If so, it may be activities concerned with management and detailed in the EIA. implementation of the environmental control measures. Details have been provided in Section 10.10 of Chapter-10. iii. What is the hierarchical system or The hierarchical system of administrative Administrative order of the order of the company has been provided in company to deal with the in Section 10.10 of Chapter-10. environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance
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conditions? Details of this system may be given. iv. Does the company have system of Yes, the EMP, EHS and Grievance cell will reporting of non compliances / be headed by Plant Head with Plant violations of environmental norms Manager/Head. to the Board of Directors of the All non-compliances/violations of company and / or shareholders or environmental norms will be reported by the stakeholders at large? This Environmental officer directly to the Plant reporting mechanism shall be manager and Director. detailed in the EIA report Details are given in Section 10.10 of Chapter-10. 10. Details regarding infrastructure Company will give preference to local people facilities such as sanitation, fuel, (Skilled People) for employment. The restroom etc. to be provided to the Company is more concern for the safety and labour force during construction health of its people, including the larger as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during community outside of the company and the operation phase. environment as a whole. All employees will be trained to work on sites in the safest possible manner and shall be made aware of the consequences of unsafe act. Company will also provide the shelter, safe drinking water, sanitation facility. The company will allocate adequate budget for safety and Occupational health management of the employees.
11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of Through CER activity company the project cost) shall be management will be committed to improve earmarked towards the Enterprise infrastructural facilities for the local people Social Commitment based on in field of Environmental, Medical, and Public Hearing issues and item- Transportation etc. as per the suggestions wise details along with time bound received from the Expert Appraisal action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development Committee as per the office memorandum activities need to be elaborated 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 30th September upon. 2020.
12 Any litigation pending against the None project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to
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the notice(s) and present status of the case. 13 A tabular chart with index for Complied and listed in Section 1.6 of points wise compliance of above Chapter-1. TORs The following general points shall be noted: i. All documents shall be properly Complied indexed, page numbered. ii. Period/date of data collection The period of data collection of the project is shall be clearly indicated. October 2020 to 31st December 2020. iii. Authenticated English translation Not applicable. of all material in Regional languages shall be provided. iv. The letter/application for Complied environmental clearance shall quote the MoEF&CC file No. and also attach a copy of the letter. The copy of the letter received from the Ministry shall be also attached as an annexure to the final EIA-EMP Report. v. The index of the final EIA-EMP Complied report must indicate the specific chapter and page no. of the EIA- EMP Report vi. While preparing the EIA report, Complied the instructions for the proponents and instructions for the consultants issued by MoEF&CC vide O.M. No. J- 11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry shall also be followed. vii. The consultants involved in the Enclosed preparation of EIA-EMP report after accreditation with Quality Council of India (QCl) /National Accreditation Board of Education and Training (NABET) would need to include a certificate in this regard in the EIA-EMP reports prepared by them and data provided by other organization/Laboratories including their status of approvals etc. Name of the Consultant and the Accreditation details shall be posted on the EIA-EMP Report as
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well as on the cover of the Hard Copy of the Presentation material for EC presentation. A Specific TOR 1 Commitment that no banned Undertaking is attached as Annexure VI. pesticides will be manufactured
2 Details on solvents to be used, All chemical reactions are carried out in measures for solvent recovery and presence of solvents. The solvents will come for emissions control out from process in crude form, various organic & inorganic impurities will come along with recovered solvents, therefore these can be re-used only after purification. Purification of solvent shall be carried out by fractional distillation using Distillation Column packed with sheet metal structured packings. Distilled solvents will be re-use in process and residue which remained in reactor shall either be sent to nearest incineration site or HWTSDF. Details of Solvent management is given in Section 2.11 of Chapter 2.
3 Details of process emissions from Details of process emission from the the proposed unit and its proposed unit and its arrangements to arrangements to control control are given in Section 2.10.2 of Chapter 2. 4 Ambient air quality data should Details of ambient air quality data including include VOC, other process- VOC and other specific pollutants is given in specific pollutants* like NH3*, Section 3.12 of Chapter 3. chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, CS2 etc., (* - as applicable) 5 Work zone monitoring The monitoring will be done in work zone arrangements for hazardous area to monitor airborne pollutant as per chemicals. OSHAS guidelines. OSHAS norms shall be followed in the unit to control the pollutant at work site and maintain the threshold limit given by OHSAS. Work zone monitoring shall be done at five location within the plant including Noise, Traces of HC, HCl, HBr, Cl2 and other parameters. 6 Detailed effluent treatment The wastewater treatment scheme proposed scheme including segregation for for the project are STP – 10 KLD; ETP- 100 units adopting ‘Zero’ liquid KLD; MEE (3-stage)- 75 KLD; RO- 50 KLD. discharge. Total treated water will be reused within the plant. Details are given in Section 2.10.1 of Chapter 2.
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7 Action plan for odour control to be Action plan for odour control is given in submitted. Section 2.10.2 of Chapter 2. 8 A copy of the Memorandum of A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with Understanding signed with cement cement manufacturers indicating manufacturers indicating clearly that they clearly that they co-process co-process organic solid/hazardous waste organic solid/hazardous waste generated will be made. generated. 9 Authorization/Membership for The project shall be zero liquid discharge, the disposal of liquid effluent in thus CETP is not required. CETP and solid/hazardous waste Agreement for TSDF shall be done before in TSDF, if any. operation of the project. 10 Material Safety Data Sheet for all MSDS has been used during preparation of the Chemicals are being used/will EIA report. Details are incorporated in the be used. EIA Report. 11 Authorization/Membership for Agreement for TSDF shall be done before the disposal of solid/hazardous operation of the project. waste in TSDF. 12 Details of incinerator if to be No incinerator is proposed. installed. 13 Risk assessment for storage and Risk assessment for storage and handling of handling of hazardous hazardous chemicals/solvents is given in chemicals/solvents. Action plan Chapter 7. for handling & safety system to be incorporated. 14 Arrangements for ensuring health Arrangements for ensuring health and and safety of workers engaged in safety of workers engaged in handling of handling of toxic materials. toxic materials are given in Chapter 7.
1.7 Structure of the Report
This EIA report has been prepared based on available on-site primary data (survey/ monitoring) and secondary/literature data. The EIA report contains project features, baseline environmental setup, assessment of environmental impacts, and formulation of mitigation measures, environmental management and monitoring plan with risk & disaster management plan. The report would include 12 Chapters and the structure of the EIA Report with necessary tables, drawings and annexure is as follows:
CHAPTER 1: Introduction
This chapter provides background information on need of project, need of EIA study and brief of the project. The scope and EIA methodology adopted in preparation of EIA report have also been described in this Chapter. It also covers the identification of project & project proponent, brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the country and the region. Scope of the study details about
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the regulatory scoping carried out as per the generic structure given in the EIA Notification, 2006.
Chapter 2: Project Description
This chapter deals with the project details of the project, with type of project, need for the project, site location, size & magnitude of operation including associated activities required by project, proposed schedule for approval and implementation, including technical details of raw material, quality and quantity etc.
Chapter 3: Description of the Environment
This chapter presents the existing environmental status of the study area around the proposed unit including topography, drainage pattern, water environment, geological, climate, transport system, land use, flora & fauna, socio-economic aspects, basic amenities etc. Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
This chapter describes the overall impacts of the proposed project activities and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures for respective environment concerns. It predicts the overall impact of project on different components of the environment viz. air, water, land, noise, biological, and socio- economic.
Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Sites)
This chapter indicates the justification for selection of project site instead of any other alternate site and alternate technology used for sustainability.
Chapter-6: Environment Monitoring Programme
Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures which are proposed at the site (incl. Measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget & procurement schedules)
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Chapter 7: Additional Studies
This chapter deals with the potential risk assessment carried out for the proposed project during construction and operation due to bulk storages of Hazardous materials and sample disaster management plan.
Chapter 8: Project Benefits
This chapter presents the details of direct and indirect benefits due to proposed project.
Chapter 9: Environment Cost Benefit Analysis
This chapter defines the benefits on Environment due to the proposed project.
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan
This chapter details the inferences drawn from the environmental impact assessment exercise and the EMP to strengthen the mitigation measures of project. It describes the overall impacts of the proposed activities during construction and operation phases and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. It also provides mitigation and control measures for environmental management plan (EMP) for minimizing the negative environmental impacts and to strengthening the positive environmental impacts of the proposed project.
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion
This chapter provides the summary and conclusions of the EIA study of the proposed project with overall justification for implementation of the project and explanation of how, adverse effects will be mitigated.
Chapter 12: Disclosure of Consultants Engaged
This chapter provides the disclosure of consultants engaged to carry out the EIA study along with other additional studies.
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CHAPTER 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This chapter deals with the project details of the proposed manufacturing plant and speciality chemicals, project location, size & magnitude of operation including associated activities required by and for the project, proposed schedule for approval and implementation, including technical details of raw material, quality and quantity etc.
2.1 Significance of Pesticide
Environment and Social Standard 5 (E&SS5) by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines pesticide as: “As any substance, or mixture of substances of chemical or biological ingredients intended for repelling, destroying or controlling any pest, or regulating plant growth. Environment and Social Standard 5 by FAO recognizes that pesticides can contribute to effective crop and food protection during production and in storage. Pesticides are also used in forestry, livestock production and aquaculture to control pests and diseases. At the same time pesticides are designed to be toxic to living organisms, are intentionally dispersed in the environment and are applied to food crops.” Pesticides represent the last input in an agricultural operation and are applied for preventing the spoilage of crops from pests such as insects, fungi, weeds, etc., thereby increasing the agricultural productivity. The significance of pesticides has been rising over the last few decades catalyzed by the requirement to enhance the overall agricultural production and the need to safeguard adequate food availability for the continuously growing population in the country. In India, pests and diseases, on an average eat away around 20-25% of the total food produced. 2.2 Site Location and Surrounding
2.2.1 Site Location Salient features of the project site are given below in Table 2.1
Table 2.1 : Salient Features of the Project Site
S. No. Particular Details 1. Plot/Survey/Khasra Plot No. Q-2/6 & Q-2/7, Kosi Kotwan No Extension-II, Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (UPSIDC) Industrial Area, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh- 281403 2. Village Kosi Kalan 3. Tehsil Mathura 4. District Mathura
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5. State Uttar Pradesh 6. Latitude 27°49'40.0"N 7. Longitude 77°24'26.6"E 8. Land Area The land has been allotted to M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. from Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (UPSIDC). The total land area is 10067.15 m2. 3350 m2 i.e. 33.28% of total land is allocated for green area development. 9. Land use and Land Land Use- Industrial cover Land Cover- Vacant land 10. Defense Installations None (within 15 Km radius) 11. Ecological Sensitive None (within 15 Km radius) Areas/ Protected Areas as per Wildlife Protection Act 1972 (National Parks / Wildlife sanctuaries / bio-sphere reserves / tiger reserves) 12. Reserved / Protected Kotban Reserved Forest (0.22 km, W) Forest 13. State Boundary Haryana State Boundary (4.52km, NW) 14. Water Bodies Gaunchhi Distributary (2.14 km, SE) 15. Nearest National NH-2(1.14 km, E) Highway/ Other Road 16. Nearest Rail Head Kosi Kalan Railway Station (5.32 km, SE) 17. Nearest Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport (84 km, N) 18. Nearest Village Kosi Kalan 19. Nearest Residential Village Kosi Kalan Area 20. Nearest Educational 1. MD Jain Public School Road (4.09 km, NE) Instiute 2. Primary School Naduvas (4.49 km, NE) 3. Primary School Jawahar Park (4.70 km, E) 4. Nagar Palika Girls School (5.02 km, NE) 5. G.D Public School (5.20 km, SE) 21. Nearest Hospital 1. Chauhan Hospital (4.35 km, NE) 2. BPL Nursing Home (4.91 km, E) 3. Brij Nursing Home and Trauma Centre (4.96 km, E) 4. Community Health Center (5.17 km, NE)
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 2-2 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
2.2.2 Major Industries near project site Project site is situated in UPSIDC Industrial Area, Mathura, thus many small and medium industries are present near the project site. Some major industries are given in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2 List of nearby Industries from Project Site
S.No. Name of Industry Type of Industry Distance & Direction from Project Site 1. Singhal Sintered Engineering Components 1.09 km, NE Private Limited 2. Eddy Electro Mech Industrial Equipment 1.65 km, E Private Limited Supplier 3. Satya Processors Factory Equipment Supplier 5.18 km, NE 4. Brij Enterprises Iron and Steel Industry 5.31 km, NE 5. Road Star Emulsion & related 5.38 km, SE products Manufacturing 6. MG Industries Packaging Industry 5.46 km, SE 7. Vacmet India Polyester Manufacturing 5.46 km, SE Limited 8. Kotwan Polymers Polymer Industry 5.46 km, SE 9. Spark Alloy Alloy Manufacturing 5.46 km, SE Industries 10. Mahalakshmi Machinery Parts 5.51 km, NE Engineers and Manufacturer Traders
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2.2.3 Site Photographs
Figure 2.1: Site Photographs
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 2-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
2.3 Land Requirement
The plots have been allotted to M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. from Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. SER20200611/1000/543/5340/SIDC- IA/Kosi Kotwan Extn. -2 & SER20200723/1000/602/6403/SIDC-IA/Kosi Kotwan Extn. -2 dated 23.07.2020. (Allotment Letter has been attached as Annexure-IV).
The total plot area of the project will be 10067.15 m2. Green area of 3350 m2 (i.e., 33.28% of the plot area) is proposed. The break-up of the land is presented in Table 2.4 and layout plan of the project has been presented in Figure 2.2.
Table 2.3 Land-use Breakup of Project Site
Land Use Area in sq. m. % Ground Coverage 3600.0 35.76% Open & Road area 3117.15 30.96% Green belt 3350 33.28% Total Plot area 10067.15 100.00%
LAND-USE BREAKUP
Ground Coverage Open & Road area Green belt
33.28 % 35.76%
30.96%
Figure 2.1 : Land-use Breakup of Proposed Project
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 2-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Figure 2.2 : Layout of the Proposed Project
2.4 Salient Features of Project
Salient features of project are given below in Table 2.5:
Table 2.4 : Salient Features of Proposed Project
S. Particular Details No. 1. Name of the Proponent M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. 2. Project Status New (Green Field) 3. Products to be Total Production Capacity: 700 MT/month manufactured & Capacity (excluding Formulations) Insecticide: 200 MT/month Fungicide: 100 MT/month Herbicide: 100 MT/month
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Advanced Specific Pesticide Intermediates: 100 MT/month Research & Development based Products: 200 MT/month Total Production Capacity: 700 MT/month Formulations: 300 MT/month 4. Total Plot Area 10067.15 m2 5. Green belt area/Tree 3350 m2 (33.28% of total plot area) Plantation area 6. Water Requirement Total water requirement- 140 KLD Proposed Freshwater requirement- 95 KLD Source: Ground Water 7. Wastewater Generation 47 KLD (Domestic Sewage- 4 KLD, Industrial Effluent- 43 KLD) 8. Wastewater Treatment Unit STP – 10 KLD ETP- 100 KLD MEE (3-stage)- 75 KLD RO- 50 KLD 9. Power Requirement Proposed: 1000 KVA Source: Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL) Power Backup- DG Set: 1 x 250 KVA, 1 x 500 KVA 10. Manpower Requirement Construction Phase: 110 no. Operation Phase: 90 no. 11. Project cost including Rs.12.93 Crore Environmental controlling equipment 12. No. of Particular Capacity Type of Quantity Boilers/TFH/Furnaces/DG Fuel sets etc. with capacities Steam 2 TPH, 3 Agro- 200 Boiler TPH waste MT/month Briquette DG Set 1 x 250 HSD 200 KVA and Litre/day 1 x 500 KVA
2.5 Products with capacities for the proposed project
Capacity of different pesticides are given in Table 2.6.
Table 2.5: Capacity of Manufacturing Plant
S.No. Type Quantity (MT/Month) 1. Insecticides 200 2. Fungicides 100
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3. Herbicide 100 4. Advanced Specific 100 Pesticide Intermediates 5. Research & Development 200 based Products Total 700 6. Formulations 300
List of products to be manufactured at the are mentioned in Table 2.7.
Table 2.6 : List of Products
Proposed capacity Sr. No. Name of Product (MT/month) CAS No. INSECTICIDE GROUP 1 Diafenthiuron 80060-09-9 2 Spiromesifen 283594-90-1 3 Novaluron 116714-46-6 4 Pyriproxyfen 95737-68-1 5 Acetamiprid 135410-20-7 6 Dinotefuran 165252-70-0 7 Nitenpyram 150824-47-8 200 8 Thiamethoxam 153719-23-4 9 Pymetrozine 123312-89-0 10 Lamda-Cyhalothrin 68085-85-8 11 Bifenthrin 82657-04-3 12 Profenophos 41198-08-7 13 Chlorantraniliprole 500008-45-7 14 Flubendiamide 272451-65-7 FUNGICIDE GROUP 15 Thifluzamide 130000-40-7 16 Azoxistrobin 131860-33-8 17 Pyraclostrobin 100 175013-18-0 18 Tebuconazole 107534-96-3 19 Difenoconazole 119446-68-3 HERBICIDE GROUP 20 Bensulfuron 83055-99-6 21 Pyrazosulfuron 93697-74-6 22 Penoxsulam 219714-96-2 23 Glufosinate 100 77182-82-2 24 Glyphosate 1071-83-6 25 Pretilachlor 51218-49-6 26 Clodinafop 105512-06-9
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27 Quizalofop 100646-51-3 28 Clomazone 81777-89-1 29 Metribuzin 21087-64-9 30 Ethopen 16672-87-0 ADVANCED PESTICIDE SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES 31 1,2, 4 Triazole 288-88-0 2- Chloro 5- Chloromethyl 32 Pyridine (CCMP) 70258-18-3 33 2- Nitroaminoimidazoline (NII) 5465-96-3 2- Chloro 5- 34 ChloromethylThiazole (CCMT) 105827-91-6 3-Methyl-4-nitroiminoperhydro- 100 35 1,3,5-oxadiazine 153719-38-1 (R)-(+)-2-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy) 36 propionic acid 94050-90-5 37 1,1-Di ChloroPinacolin 22591-21-5 4-Amino-6-(tert-butyl)-3- 38 mercapto-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one 33509-43-2 Research & Development Based 39 Products 200 TOTAL 700 40 Formulations 300 *As per season, the demand of products pattern changes and accordingly products will be manufactured. All the products will not be manufactured at a time. The likely production capacities of the products will depend upon demand but limited to the sanctioned capacity.
Transportation Finished product will be sold in domestic as well as global market. The predominant mode of transportation will be road transportation via trucks only. Typical Manufacturing processes and mass balance of proposed products are attached as Annexure II. 2.6 Typical Manufacturing Process & Mass Balance of Proposed Products
All the Manufacturing processes along with Mass Balance are attached as Annexure III.
2.7 Details of Raw Materials, Consumption and Source
Raw materials required along with estimated quantity, likely source and storage details has been provided in Annexure-II.
Transportation
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• The transportation of indigenous raw material/finished product are being done by road and import/export raw material/finished product through road complying with all safety requirements as per MSIHC rules, 1989.
• All solid / powder / granular raw materials/finished product are transported in bags / drums through road transport. Liquid materials in road tankers (bulk) or in drums through road.
Storage
The raw materials will be procured, and stored / inventory will be maintained as per market requirement of the products and production schedule. Products will be changed as per market demand. The solid raw materials in bags will be stored in godown. Separate entry/exit gate will be used for movement of trucks carrying materials. Details of Hazardous chemical storage & Handling in the plant is given below in Table 2.8.
Table 2.7 : Storage of Hazardous Chemical
Sr. Name of Type MOC N Dimension Size (KL) No. Hazardous o Chemical 1 Sulphuric liquid MS 1 Above ground MS tank 10KL Acid 2 Caustic Liquid MS 1 Above ground MS tank Soda Lye 48 20KL % 3 Hydrochlori Liquid HDPE/ 2 Above ground MS tank 15KL c Acid PPFRP 4 Bromine liquid MSGL 1 Glass bottles 5KL 5 Toluene liquid MS 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, Horizontal cylindrical tank with flat ends 20KL
6 TEA liquid Drum 1 - 5KL 7 MDC liquid Drum - - 5KL 8 Thionyl liquid Drum - - 5KL Chloride 9 EDC liquid SS304 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, 20KL Horizontal cylindrical tank with flat ends 10 Methanol liquid MS 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, 20KL Horizontal cylindrical tank with flat ends
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Sr. Name of Type MOC N Dimension Size (KL) No. Hazardous o Chemical 11 IPA liquid MS 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, 20KL Horizontal cylindrical tank with flat ends 12 Formic Acid liquid Carboy - (PVC) 35 litre each 2 KL l can 13 DMF liquid MS - 100 no. (Dimethyl (5 m dia x 5 m height) 20 KL Formamide) 14 n-Hexane liquid MS 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, 20KL Horizontal cylindrical tank with flat ends 15 Sodium Solid Bags - 200 bags 10 MT Hydroxide 16 Chlorine Gas Tonner 5 4500 kg (5 tonners) 4500kg 17 Phenol Liquid Drum - 25 drums 5 MT Other Hazardous Chemicals S.No Chemical Type Mode of Mode of Transport Storage . Storage Quantity 18 Liquid Liquid Ventilated By road 1 MT Ammonia storage 19 Sodium Powde Key and By road 5 M Cyanide r lock room T
Separate storage areas will be provided for hazardous materials handled in the plant, based on their nature and degree of hazard. Storage of all chemicals shall not exceed their threshold limit, if any. All instructions as per MSIHC 1989 shall be followed as required for the chemicals falling in the list of rules. MSDS will be displayed at all the prominent sites.
Chemical Handling
• Do and Don’t instructions shall be displayed near the chemical storage.
• Regular training shall be given to the operator, safety rules and check lists will be provided.
• All the toxic chemicals will be pumped in closed loop to the reactors to avoid fugitive emission.
• All the storage / reactor vents shall be connected with scrubber.
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• Local Exhaust ventilation facility are available at strategic locations of all plants where chemicals being handled / packing done to remove traces of chemical vapours / dust.
• PPE shall be given to the all works handling the chemicals
• Regular workplace monitoring shall be done to check presence of toxic chemicals
Chemical Storage
• Chemicals will be kept away from any type of flame, heat, etc.
• Chemicals will be stored in a cool place as per their properties.
• Ventilation system and de-dusting system shall be provided in the storage area.
• Storage area will be provided with all safety equipments.
• SOP shall be developed for handling of material.
2.8 Major Utilities
The plant will have different inhouse machineries and utilities. The major machineries and utilities are given below in Table 2.9 & Table 2.10.
Table 2.8: Proposed Utilities
S.No. Particulars MOC Capacity Quantity 1 Boiler MS 2 MT/ HRS 1 2 Boiler MS 3 MT/ HRS 1 3 Cooling Tower FRV 500 TR 3 4 Cooling Tower FRV 400 TR 2 5 Cooling Tower FRV 100 TR 3 6 Chilling Compressor KC3 60 TR @ + 5 DEGREE 2 7 Chilling Compressor KC4 100 TR @ + 5 DEGREE 2 8 Brine Compressor KC42 30 TR @ -20 DEGREE 2 9 Nitrogen Plant MS 50 CFM 2 10 Air Compressor MS 10 KG /CM2 2 11 R.O. Plant CI 5 KL/ HRS 1 12 D.G.Set MS 250 KVA 1 13 D.G.Set MS 500 KVA 1 14 Transformer MS 500 KVA 2 15 ETP CIVIL 100 KLD 1 16 MEE With ATFD SS-316 75 KLD 1 17 Forklift MS 3 MT @4.5 MTR 2
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Table 2.9 :List of Equipments & Machineries
S.No. Particulars MOC Capacity Quantity REACTORS 1 MSGLR GL 4.0 KL 2 2 MSGLR GL 6.3 KL 6 3 SSR SS-316 3.0 KL 2 4 SSR SS-316 4.0 KL 4 5 SSR SS-316 6.3 KL 12 6 SSR SS-316 10.KL 4 FILTRATION, DRYING, VACUUM SYSTEM & OTHER EQUIPMENTS 1 CENTRIFUGE SS - 316 48 INCHES 3 2 ANFD SS - 316 5 KL 4 3 ANFD SS - 316 3 KL 5 4 PNF SS - 316 3 KL 4 5 SNF MS 5 KL 4 6 SPYKLAR FILTER SS - 316 200 LTR 6 7 FBD SS - 316 200 KG / HRS 2 8 RVPD SS - 316 2 KL 3 9 RVPD SS - 316 3 KL 2 10 PULVERISER MILL SS - 316 200 KG /HRS 2 11 VACUUM EJECTOR GRAPHITE 2 TORR 3 12 VACUUM EJECTOR GRAPHITE 5 TORR 5 13 VACUUM EJECTOR GRAPHITE 40 TORR 7 14 VACUUM PUMP SS / C.I. / PP 20 TORR 8 36 KG HCL + 64 15 HCL + SO2 SCRUBBER GRAPHITE KG SO2 / HRS 2
2.9 Resource Requirements
2.9.1 Infrastructure The site is located nearby to separate Industrial Area i.e., Kosi Kotwan Extension-I, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh located at 1.12 km in East direction of the project site. Since, development of industrial area is still under progress, common facilities for industrial area will be developed. Internal roads are already developed inside the industrial area. Apart from Plant utility and manufacturing area, R&D lab, Canteen, Admin, Dispensary, drinking water, Water treatment, etc facilities will be provided within the plant. All the other required utilities like steam, cooling water, boiler, etc. will be made available in the Plant. Local labor will be used in the plant thus long- term residential area is not required. All other basic amenities like educational
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institute, hospital, Place of Worship, post offices are available near the plant. Other facilities to be developed at the plant site which will be facilitated to the employees during construction and operation phase of the unit are as mentioned below:
• Sanitary facilities for permanent as well as temporary workers • Rest rooms • Rest rooms for drivers • Dispensary with Ambulance • Arrangement for Eye wash and bathing • Safety equipments etc. (PPE)
The site is located about 44 km from the Mathura city and well connected with National Highway-2 (1.14 km, E direction) via interconnecting roads internally and surrounding the industrial estate. A 45 m external road in the south direction of project via 19 m external road in the SE direction connects the project National Highway-2. Nearest Railway station is Kosi Kalan Railway Station which is located at 5.32 km in SE direction from the Project Site. Nearest Airport from the project site is Indira Gandhi International Airport located at 84 km in North direction. Nearest Town is Kosi Kalan (5.46 km SE), Nearest City is Mathura (44 km, E) and nearest village is Nabipur (0.82 km,S) from the Project site. Few industries have also been located nearby proposed project site in Kosi Kotwan Extension-I, UPSIDC, Mathura. List of the same has been detailed in Table 2.2.
2.9.2 Power & power backup requirement The total power requirement of the plant will be 1000 kVA which will be sourced from Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL). Energy saving measures shall be adopted to reduce the power consumption.
For the power backup, DG sets of capacity 1x250 kVA and 1x500 kVA will be installed. Separate storage tank for HSD fuel shall be provided. Storage of HSD shall not exceed threshold limit, if exceed explosive license shall be taken.
2.9.3 Water Requirement Construction Phase: The total water requirement for construction purposes will be 10 KLD that will be supplied by private tankers.
Operation Phase: The total water requirement of the project will be 140 KLD. Out of which, 95 KLD freshwater requirement will be sourced from borewell and the rest will be sufficed by re-using 45 KLD treated water from STP/ETP/MEE. Water Management details are given below in Table 2.11 and water balance is given in Figure 2.4.
Table 2.10 : Water Management Details Total Water Fresh Water Recycled Water Requirement Wastewater Particulars (KLD) (KLD) (KLD) Generation (KLD) Process 31 0 31 36 Domestic 5 0 5 4
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DM Plant 10 0 10 1 Boiler 32 0 32 2 Fire Hydrant 1 0 1 0 QC- R&D Lab 1 0 1 1
Cooling Tower 13 42 55 3 Gardening 2 3 5 0 Total 95 45 140 47
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Figure 2.3 : Water Balance
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2.9.4 Fuel Requirement Details of fuel requirement with consumption in the plant for running of utilities is given in Table 2.12.
Table 2.11 : Fuel Requirement
Particular Capacity Type of Fuel Quantity Steam Agro-Waste 2 TPH, 3 TPH 200 MT/month Boiler Briquette 1 x 250 KVA and DG Set HSD 200 Liters/hour 1 x 500 KVA
2.9.5 Employment Construction Phase: The project will provide employment to 110 no. of local labors for construction works and establishment of the proposed unit.
Operational Phase: Total employment projection of the project will be 90 and total population projection of the project would be 100 no. i.e. 90 nos. of workers with 10 no. of visitors in its operational phase. It will aid in development of surrounding area and there will be upliftment of Socio- economic standards. People from nearby villages will be preferred.
Population projection is given in Table 2.12.
Table 2.12 Population Projection of Proposed Project
S. No. Particulars Details (in No.) 1. Workers 90 2. Visitors 10 Total Population 100
2.10 Environmental Aspects
The environmental aspects of the Pesticide plant are described with the following environmental attributes:
• Water Pollution • Air Pollution • Noise Pollution • Solid/ Hazardous Waste Generation
2.10.1 Water Pollution The sources of wastewater from the proposed plant are process, boiler, cooling tower, washings, canteen facilities and admin building during operation phase. Wastewater
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from all sources shall be collected and flow through closed conduit or pipe network to the treatment schemes.
Wastewater will be segregated into two streams i.e. STREAM -I: Concentrated Stream for MEE Treatment and STREAM – II: Diluted Stream for ETP treatment. The entire operation will be in a closed system.
Stream I will be treated in MEE. MEE condensate will be reused within the premises while MEE distillate will be sent to ETP for further treatment. Stream II will be treated in ETP (primary treatment). Treated water will be further treated in RO. RO Permeate generated will be reused in the unit (cooling tower makeup water) while RO reject will be sent to MEE for treatment and disposal.
There will be no process effluents discharged outside the plant. All the treated effluent will be recycled in process and other utilities. Project shall be Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). All the standards of UPPCB and MoEF&CC shall be maintained.
The ETP sludge and MEE salt will be temporarily stored at site in separate room and sent to the CHWTSDF for disposal. Hence impact on water quality from the proposed project is insignificant.
Online monitoring instruments shall be installed at the final treated tank and connectivity will be established with UPPCB & CPCB Servers.
Domestic Sewage Treatment The domestic wastewater will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (Capacity-10 KLD). Treated water will be recycled back into the premises for gardening.
Sewerage Treatment Technology (MBBR) The sewage treatment plant with MBBR technology has been installed. The treatment scheme is aerobic biological aeration treatment using the suspended media process. The process is named as Extended Aeration system. It is a modified form of Activated sludge process. Excess aerobic biological sludge generated will be thickened in the aerobic digester cum thickener tank. The treatment scheme proposed is split into three distinct parts: • Pre-treatment, which comprises of screening, oil and grease trap. • Biological treatment comprising of suspended media aeration followed by clarification. • Tertiary treatment comprising of sodium hypochlorite addition, dual media pressure filtration, activated carbon filtration etc. Steps involved in treatment process are given below:
PRE-TREATMENT The raw sewage is collected through a 20 mm clear spacing Bar Screen and Oil / Grease trap in a Collection/equalization tank and then pumped to the aeration tank. The Bar Screens are made of steel bars, placed at equal intervals. The inclination of bars is kept such that manual raking becomes easy. Manual removal of large foreign objects trapped in the Bar Screen will be carried out so as to protect downstream pipelines/
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pumps from choking. The oil & grease from the Oil & Grease Trap would have to be removed manually. Venturi type flow measurement arrangement is provided for flow measurement.
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT The organic pollutants in the raw sewage are measured in the form of Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Aerobic bacteria bio- degrade the organic pollutants present in domestic sewage to harmless by-products such as water and carbon dioxide as well as to additional bacterial biomass which has to be disposed off as sludge. Aerobic biological treatment using the suspended media technology is carried out in the Sewage Treatment Plant. The Sewage Treatment Plant consists of an Aeration Tank, a Hopper Bottom Secondary Clarifier, and Sludge holding tank. The Aeration Tank is filled with mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS). Aerobic bacteria will suspend in the liquor. The sludge from clarifier will be returned into the aeration tank to increase the bacterial population to achieve the desired concentration of MLVSS. The Aeration Tank will be provided with a drain line with valve to empty the tank as required. Aerated sewage will overflow to a Hopper Bottom Secondary Clarifier. The Hopper Bottom Secondary Clarifier will be equipped with tube settler media. Tube settlers effectively increase the clarification plan area available by a factor of 6-7. The Tube Settler shall be provided with adjustable overflow weir to collect the treated effluent and a scum baffle shall keep any floating matter from passing out in the final treated water. Treated supernatant from the Secondary Clarifier will overflow by gravity to the Buffer Tank for tertiary treatment. Excess sludge from the bottom of the Tube Settler shall be wasted in an adjoining aerobic digester cum thickener tank. In this tank sludge shall be aerated. The air shall be shut off periodically and supernatant water shall flow into the collection tank. This way the sludge shall be thickened and its volume shall be reduced. The sludge digester cum thickener tank shall be sized to hold excess sludge. The excess sludge would be further passed into a filter press where the sludge would be pressed between plates and the liquid concentration in the sludge would be further reduced. The sludge would then form into semi-solid cake which can be removed for disposal.
TERTIARY TREATMENT The treated sewage from Secondary Clarifier is collected in a Buffer Tank. Sodium hypochlorite is added to the treated sewage to kill the pathogens/ E-Coli bacteria in the Buffer Tank. The treated sewage is then pumped through a Dual Media Pressure Filter and an Activated Carbon Filter, sand filter and softener.
Cyanide Detoxification Method- Alkaline Chlorination Method
The Cyanide layer will be collected from the main condensation reactor after proper separation of organic phase from aqueous and taken to 10 KL MSRLTL detoxification reactor.
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This detoxification contains some dilute Caustic solution which eliminates the possibilities of HCN gas generation from Sodium Cyanide solution because of the alkaline medium. The Cyanide ion (CN-) will then be detoxified up to 0.2 ppm level by the General Accepted Industrial Waste Treatment Method for most of the Cyanide compounds. This method is known as Alkaline Chlorination method where the Cyanide waste is reacted with Chlorine in Caustic. i. e. Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) reagent. The chemical reactions involved in this detoxification process are as under: 1. 2NaOH + Cl2 NaOCl + NaCl + H2O 2. 2NaCN + 2NaOCl 2 NaCNO + 2NaCl 3. 2NaCNO + 3NaOCl + H2O 2CO2 + N2 + 3NaCl + 2NaOH Finally, this detoxified mass will be sent to MEE system for further Treatment.
Hydrolysis of Pyrethroids
Traces of Pyrethroids are hydrolysed under alkaline conditions in the process of emulsifies according to the following chemical reactor.
R – C[O] – O – C[H][CN] – R + OH - R – C[O] O- The hydrolysis is carried out at 12 - 12.5 pH and at temperature of 70oC maximum during the period of 2 Hrs. Efficient stirring is essential. During treatment, the effluent becomes clear & homogeneous.
Hydrolysis for the Detoxification of Pesticides other than Pyrethroids
Almost all pesticides which undergo the treatment with water for washing purpose, the Aqueous Streams of those are segregated and treated separately either by Acid / Alkali / Hypochlorite for Hydrolysis of Traces of pesticides present there to completely detoxify the pesticides present in effluent. Finally, this detoxified effluent containing dissolved salts is taken to Multiple Effect Evaporator, coupled with crystallizer for removal of salt from the concentrated effluent. The evaporated water is condensed and drained to Effluent Treatment Plant for further treatment. The inlet and outlet characteristics of all treatment scheme is given below in Table 2.13. Table 2.13 Inlet and Outlet Characteristics of Wastewater schemes
MEE MEE ETP MoEF&CC Parameter Unit ETP Inlet Inlet Outlet Outlet standards* pH - 6.8-7.2 6.8-7.2 6.8-7.2 6.8-7.2 6.5-8.5 Total Suspended Solids ppm 5 1 5 <50 100 TDS ppm 125000 <100 1000 1000 - Oil & Grease ppm 1 NIL NIL NIL 10 Phenolic Compounds ppm 50 75 NIL NIL 1.0 ppm 150 175 - Ammonical Nitrogen NIL NIL ppm ppm Phosphate ppm ND ND ND ND 5.0 Nitrate ppm ND ND ND ND 50
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MEE MEE ETP MoEF&CC Parameter Unit ETP Inlet Inlet Outlet Outlet standards* ppm 3500- - COD 100000 1000 500-700 5000 ppm 10000- 500- 100 BOD (3 Days 27°C) 10 5 12000 1500 Cyanides ppm 10 10 NIl Nil 0.2 Total Chromium ppm ND NIL NIL NIL - Hexavalent Chromium ppm ND NIL NIL NIL - Insecticides/Pesticides ppm 0.2 NIL NIL NIL 0.1 Bio-Assay Test ppm - * All the effluent standards given in Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and MoEF&CC vide notification G.S.R 446 (E) dated 13th June 2011 for pesticide industry shall be followed
2.10.1.1 Process Description for Different Wastewater Treatment Schemes
1. Multi Effect Evaporator (MEE)
Industry has proposed to install Multi Effect Evaporator having capacity of 75 KLD for the treatment of industrial effluent.
Neutral effluent from Primary Treatment Plant is passed through 4 - Stages Evaporator System and the evaporated water shall be collected in a Collection Tank and then forwarded to ETP plant along with Primary treated dilute effluent.
Multistage evaporator (4 - stages) is a long tube forced circulation type evaporators where in the first effect high pressure steam of 7.0 kg/cm2 is used to evaporate wastewater. The evaporated water in the form of steam at 2.0 kg/cm2 pressure is used for evaporating the effluent in the second stage at atmospheric pressure. Evaporated water from the second stage is used for evaporating wastewater in the third stage under vacuum of 650- 720 mmHg.
Finally, evaporated water from the third stage is condensed in the steam condenser using cooling water on other side. Condensate from all the three stages is collected in condensate receiving tanks. Concentrated mass is directly forwarded to ATFD system whereby the remaining water is evaporated, and salt is isolated. This salt is disposed of at CHWTSDF site. Basis of design is given below in Table 2.15 and Flow Diagram is given in Figure 2.5.
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Figure 2.4 : Flow Diagram of MEE
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Table 2.14 : Design of MEE
Particular Details
No. of Effects 3 Effects – (1 Falling Film + 2 Force Circulation)
Waste Capacity 75 KLD
Feed Rate 5000.0 Kg/Hr (20 Working Hours per day)
Feed Concentration 10%TDS
Feed Temperature 35°C
Product Rate 1250 Kg/Hr
Product concentration 40%
Product Temperature 55°C
Water Evaporation 3750.0 Kg/Hr
2. Agitated Thin Film Dryer (ATFD)
ATFD consists of vertical cylindrical body with rotor inside it. Rotor is equipped with roes of scrapper blades over its full length. Rotor will have integrated liquid distributor plate at top and rotor is supported at the bottom in a bearing hub. Jacket is provided outside the inlet of heating media.
Feed enters ATFD at top on distributor plate through feed pump. Liquid distributor uniformly distributed the feed on wall surface. Stream is supplied at the jacket. The scrapper blades provided, continuously spreads this feed over the heated surface and maintains the liquid layer on wall surface. The close clearance provided between blade and wall defines the thickness of the later. First feed gains heat and reached to its boiling point. Due to the higher tip speed of blades agitation and turbulence is crested at rotor blades and evaporation of liquid and solid starts forming. The concentration of solids increases while it travels down due to continuous evaporation of liquid. At this stage solids starts to form afflomerated which are crushed by blades. Now at the bottom surface moisture content of the solids is further removed and thus the drying process is completed. Finally, powder is collected at bottom at the discharge valve and sent for disposal.
The evaporated vapors move through the ATFD in a counter-current fashion to the liquid flow and is taken to the surface condenser through vapor duct wherein same is condensed at tube side by circulating cooling water at shell side. Evaporated condensate will be collected in condensate port from where it is taken out by condensate pump. Non-Condensable are pulled out by blower. MCC cum ICP control
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panel with necessary push buttons, instruments and interlocks is provided for entire operation of the plant. Flow Diagram of ATFD is given in Figure 2.5.
Figure 2.5 : Flow Diagram of ATFD
3. Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
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An effluent treatment plant consisting of primary, secondary & advance treatment units. The details of ETP are as follows.
First all non-toxic and biodegradable streams (low & medium COD) of wastewater shall be collected in Equalization cum Neutralization tank-01 (ENT-01) where the continuous addition and stirring of Alkali solution is done to maintain neutral pH of wastewater from Lime Dosing Tank (LDT-01) as per requirement by gravity. Mixer is provided at bottom of the ENT-01 to keep all suspended solids in suspension and for proper mixing.
Then after, neutralized wastewater shall be pumped to Flash Mixer (FM-01). Alum and Polyelectrolyte shall be dosed from Alum Dosing Tank (ADT-01) and Polyelectrolyte Dosing Tank (PEDT-01) respectively into FM-01 to carry out coagulation by using a Flash Mixer. Then after, coagulated wastewater shall be settled in Primary Clarifier-01 (PCL-01) where solids are settled at bottom and clear supernatant from PCL-01 shall be passed in Aeration Tank (AT-01). Here, Condensate from MEE through condensate storage tank (CST-01) mix with effluent.
Here, biodegradation of organic matter of the wastewater shall be carried out by bacteria (suspended growth) in the AT-01 and for that oxygen shall be supplied by 2 nos. of air blowers (B-02) through diffusers. Air blowers also keep MLSS in suspension. Then after, wastewater shall go to Secondary Clarifier-1 (SCL-01). Here, the suspended solids shall be settled. Sludge shall be removed from bottom of SCL-01 and pumped to AT-1 to maintain MLSS and excess activated sludge shall be sent to Sludge Sump (SS- 01).
Sludge settled in PCL-01 and excess sludge from SCL-01 shall be collected in Sludge Sump (SS-01) where mixer is provided to prevent and settling. Then sludge shall be sent to Filter Press (FP-01) for dewatering. Then dry cake shall be stored in HWSA before final disposal to TSDF. Leachate from Filter Press shall be sent back to ENT-01 for further treatment. Specification of ETP is given in Table 2.15 and Block diagram in Figure 2.6
Table 2.15 : Specification of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
Sr. No. Name of unit Capacity No. MOC/ Remark
Stream-I (Low COD)
1 Equalization cum 2.0 x 2.0 (2.5+0.5) 1 RCC M25+A/A Neutralization tank Bk. Lining
2 Flash Mixer 1.0 x 1.0 (1.0+0.5) 1 RCC M25
3 Primary Clarifier 1.5 Dia (3.0 +0.5) 1 MSEP
4 Aeration Tank 18.0 x 9.0 (6.0+0.5) 1 RCC M25
5 Secondary Clarifier 4.0 Dia (3.0 +0.5) 1 MSEP
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Sr. No. Name of unit Capacity No. MOC/ Remark
6 Treated Effluent 6.5 x 6.5 (5.0+0.5) 1 RCC M25 Sump
7 Sludge Sump 3.0 x 3.0 (3.0+0.5) 1 RCC M25
8 Filter Press-01 41 m3/D 1 MSEP
9 Lime Dosing Tank 5000 Lit 1 HDPE
10 Alum Dosing Tank 5000 Lit 1 HDPE
11 Poly Dosing Tank 2500 Lit 1 HDPE
12 Nutrient Dosing Tank 2000 Lit 1 HDPE
Stream-II (High COD)
1 Collection cum 10.0 x 5.0 (2.5 2 RCC M25+A/A Reaction tanks- .0+0.5) Bk. Lining
2 Neutralization Tank 10.0 x 5.0 (2.5+0.5) 1 RCC M25
3 Filter Press-02 38 m3/D 1 MSEP
4 MEE Feed Tank 10.0 x 4.0 (3.0+0.5) 1 RCC M25
5 Multi Effect 2 Nos x 200 KLD 1 SSTi Evaporator with Solid Dryer
6 Condensate Storage 8.0 x 5.0 (5.0+0.5) 1 RCC M25 Tank
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Figure 2.6 : Flow Diagram of ETP
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2.10.1.2 Rainwater harvesting system
Two separate storm water line shall be provided in the plant, one from roof top of admin office, QC lab, R&D building and another from other part of the plant. Rainwater from roof top of admin office, etc shall be collected in storage tank of 100 KL and reused in the process after pre-treatment. Collected water from other part of the plant shall be channelized to storm water line of industrial area. Measures shall be taken to avoid mixing of floor washing water with storm water.
2.10.2 Air Pollution Construction Phase:
The main sources of air pollution will be vehicular movement, emissions from construction machinery and DG sets (2x250 kVA). DG sets will be installed as per CPCB guidelines and manufacturer's instructions to keep the emissions within limits of CPCB. Stack height will be provided as per CPCB guidelines for adequate dispersion of released pollutants and to have negligible GLCs in the surrounding area.
Operational Phase:
The main sources of emission in the plant will be combustion of fuel for operation of DG Sets, Boiler & plant machineries and process reactor vents.
All air pollution control techniques and systems will be installed in the plant to reduce the emissions. The plant will be maintaining all emission norms prescribed by MoEF&CC/UPPCB/CPCB. Stacks with appropriate pollution control system shall be introduced in the plants. Details of proposed stacks are given below in Table 2.16.
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Table 2.16 : Air Emissions and Pollution Control Measures
Maximum S. Fuel Expected Source APCM Stack (m) Emission No. Used Pollutants (mg/Nm3) Steam Agro- PM< 800 Boiler PM, SO 1 waste ESP System 32 2 SO < 600 (2 TPH, &NO 2 Briquette x NOx < 300 3 TPH) PM<0.2 DG Set g/KW-hr (1x250 PM, CO CO<3.5 2 kVA, HSD - 25 SO & NO g/KW-hr 1x500 2 x NOx+HC<4.0 kVA) g/KW-hr Process Stacks / Vents Process Two stage 1 Reactor - water 32 HCl HCl < 20 Vents scrubbers Process Two stage 2 Reactor - water 32 HBr HBr < 5 Vents scrubbers Two stage Alkali Process Scrubber HCl < 20 HCl & 3 Reactor - (1st Stage- 32 SO2< 40 SO Vents Water & 2nd 2 Stage- Alkali) Two stage Alkali Process Scrubber HCl < 20 4 Reactor - (1st Stage- 32 HCl & Cl 2 Cl < 5 Vents Water & 2nd 2 Stage- Alkali) *All the emission standards given in Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and MoEF&CC vide notification G.S.R 446 (E) dated 13th June 2011 for pesticide industry shall be followed. Emission standards are given below in Table 2.17.
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Table 2.17 : Emission Standards for Pesticide Industry
S. No. Parameter Not to exceed (mg/Nm3) 1 HCl 20
2 Cl2 05
3 H2S 05
4 P2O5 (as H3PO4) 10
5 NH3 30 6 Particulate matter within the form of 20 pesticide compounds
7 CH3Cl 20 8 HBr 05
Measures for Pollution Prevention from Boiler Emissions:
• Solid fuel like agro-waste briquettes shall be sized approx. 1 to 2-inch dia or less. • Fuel shall be fired uniformly. • The damper adjustment shall be done by the boiler operator through the boiler operation for achieving optimized combustion & preventing pollution. • Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) shall be installed as air pollution control system • Fire bed and soot deposits in tubes shall be cleaned from time to time • Good quality feed water shall be used in the boiler for better efficiency
• CO2 shall be frequently checked to ensure the boiler operation and take corrective actions.
Gaseous and Fugitive Emission Control:
Gaseous and Fugitive emissions are expected to be generated during construction and operation stages of the proposed project. During construction stage, main source of fugitive emission is dust which is expected mainly due to movement of vehicles carrying construction material and vehicles used for construction. During operation stage, evaporation from solvent leakage through valves, pumps, emission from open drum containing chemicals, open feeding; storage tanks, poor housekeeping etc. are the major sources of fugitive emissions of organic chemicals and VOCs. Excess use of solvent may also result fugitive emission from the process vessels. Following measures will be adopted to prevent and control fugitive emissions:
• Proper selection of material of construction of scrubbing system to eliminate any leakages during the operation, graphite at most of the places for getting optimum results will be provided. • All the reactors involved in scrubbing operations will be provided with mechanical seal which eliminates the possibility of any leakages.
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• All the heat exchangers used for this operation will be provided with primary as well as secondary systems with the provision of cooling water as well as Chilled / Brine circulation. • All the pumps used for scrubbing systems will be provided with mechanical seal which eliminates the possibilities of any leakages and thus reduces the waste generation. • Airborne dust at all transfers operations/ points will be controlled either by spraying water or providing enclosures. • Bag Filters and ID fans will be provided for collecting fugitive emissions • Care will be taken to store construction material properly to prevent fugitive emissions, if any. • Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment will be done to prevent leakages and thus minimizing the fugitive emissions of VOCs. • Entire process will be carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of pressure and temperature. • Periodic monitoring of work area will be carried out to check the fugitive emission. • Breather Valves will be used in the solvent storage. • Solvent tank vents will be connected to vent chillers. • During transfer of material, steps shall be taken to reduce and prevent splashes and spills. Any liquid or dry material spilled shall be cleaned as expeditiously as possible. • Close feeding system will be provided for centrifuges. Centrifuge and filtrate tank vents will be connected to vent chillers. • Product filling stations will be equipped with vacuum duct hoods. • Good Housekeeping shall be maintained in the plant.
VOC Reduction & Odour Control Measures
• Optimization of process parameters. • Change in utility services • Recycle / Reduction of Aqueous layer • Increase in settling time • Stripping of Aqueous layer • Solvent input quantity reduction • When any solvent/reaction mixture will be transferred from one equipment to other equipment then Vapors displace from destination vessel and fill in the space vacated in the source vessel not allowing any solvent vapors to escape • Mechanical seal/seal less pumps will be used for solvents • In unit operations/processes involving vacuum, vacuum will be controlled by recycle of vent gases from vacuum pump vent line • Storage tanks and plant tanks will be connected to same venting system. So, no escape of solvent during transfer • Appropriate design of condensers during detailed engineering phase of project. (ensuring sufficient line size and thereby flowrate)
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• Annual cleaning of condensers to remove scaling (shutdown activity) • Storage of volatile liquids at lower temperature than boiling point to avoid losses into the atmosphere. (Brine will be used for the same) • Annual inspection and maintenance of scrubber. (Internals like distribution plate, packings, spray nozzles etc.) • All reaction vessels will be provided with suitable sizes of primary heat exchanger with cooling water and secondary heat exchanger with chilled brine circulation to control organic vapors effectively. • Vents of secondary heat exchangers will be connected to three stage scrubbing system consisting of a graphite tube scrubber, a venture and a packed bed scrubber. • Further the plant will be surrounded with the thick greenbelt which will include odour control plant species like Neem, Indian cork tree, Karanj. • When monitoring results indicate VOC above permissible limit repairing should be done immediately. The repair should be conducted in such a way that there is no fugitive emission from the particular component.
2.10.3 Noise Pollution Construction Phase: The most common sources of noise pollution will be activities like foundation, operation of construction machinery and vehicular movement. However, magnitude of the impact will depend upon the type and nature of the machinery, time schedule of operations, construction method and management practices followed during activities. To mitigate the impact, following steps will be taken: • The construction activity will be carried out mostly during daytime. • Proper maintenance of noise generating transport vehicles. • Regular maintenance of heavy earth vehicles may be adopted to reduce noise levels. • All the construction machinery and equipment used shall be provided with adequate noise mufflers and noise suppression equipment. Proper lubrication and maintenance of the machinery & equipment and vehicle will be carried out to minimize the noise generation due to abrasion • Noise level from loading & unloading of material will be reduced by usage of various types of cranes & placing material on sand or sandy bag beds. • Noise monitoring shall be carried out to ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures and develop a mechanism to record and respond to complaints on noise. • Adequate parking space will be provided at the project site to minimize the honking requirement due to congestion and jams and restricting the speed limits. • Protection devices (earplugs or earmuffs) shall be provided to those workers who cannot be isolated from the source of noise and reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels by rotation.
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• Construction material vehicular movement shall be planned during non-peak hours to avoid traffic congestion in the area. Operational Phase: The main sources of noise generation in the proposed project are various types of ID fans, Boiler, pumps & compressors, grinders, DG sets, vehicular movement etc. To reduce impact in the project site and nearby habitations, following mitigation measures will be done. • Equipment meeting standard of noise shall be used. • All engineering control practice shall be undertaken during installation of machinery to maintain noise level. • Acoustical Enclosures and Mufflers will be provided at all required locations. • Vibration pads and foundation will be provided at all heavy machinery areas. • Noise generating units like machinery area, canteen etc. will be well insulated with enclosed doors. • Earmuffs will be used while in high noise areas. Separate cabins will be provided. • Acoustic treatment rooms will be provided at appropriate location. • Well- developed road will be constructed within plant, for smooth and hassle-free movement of personnel. • Proper and timely maintenance of machineries and preventive maintenance of vehicles will be done. • Plantation will be done all over the plant area to provide noise barrier. • Important Instructions will be displayed all over the plant area.
2.10.4 Solid & Hazardous Waste Generation Construction Phase: Solid waste generation in construction waste will be excavated soil, construction debris and scrap will be disposed as per C&D Waste Management Rules.
Operational Phase: The industry shall obtain authorization under Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2021 for the waste generated and categorized under hazardous waste as per Schedule of The Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2021. The generated hazardous waste will be stored in designated Hazardous waste storage room up to maximum of 90 days and shall be disposed to either TSDF or authorized recyclers. Type, source, mode of storage and treatment and disposal of hazardous waste is shown in Table 2.18.
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Table 2.18 : Solid Waste Management Details
Category Sr. (As per Quantity Mode of Treatment Type of waste No Schedule I (Per Annum) & Disposal Method & II, 2016) Hazardous Waste Chemical Sludge from Collection, Storage, wastewater Treatment Transportation, and 1 35.3 350MT (ETP sludge + Waste left disposal at Nearest after Evaporation) common TSDF site Collection, Storage, Concentration & Transportation, and 2 37.3 100MT evaporation Residue. disposal at Nearest common TSDF site Discarded Collection, Storage, Containers/barrel/liners Transportation, and 3 33.1 6000 Nos /contaminated with disposal at Nearest wastes/chemicals common TSDF site Collection, Storage, Transportation, and 4 Used/spent oil 5.1 0.5MT disposal at Nearest common TSDF site Carton/liners Collection, Storage, contaminated with Transportation, and 5 33.1 4000 Nos hazardous chemicals & disposal at Nearest waste common TSDF site Non-Hazardous/Industrial Collection, Storage, Ash from coal Based Transportation, and 6 - 100 MT boiler disposal at Nearest common TSDF site Collection, Storage, Empty barrels (used for Transportation, and 7 - 8000 Nos non-hazardous material) disposal at Nearest common TSDF site Collection, Storage, Transportation, and 8 Scrap metals - 20MT disposal at Nearest common TSDF site Process waste Collection, Storage, Transportation, and 9. Spent Solvents 5.1 80MT disposal at Nearest common TSDF site
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• Approx. 50 kg/day of municipal solid waste generated in the plant area will be segregated to biodegradable waste and recyclable waste. 20 kg/day recyclable waste will be sold off to recycler. 30 kg/day biodegradable waste will be disposed off in MSW disposal pit to get converted to manure for horticulture purposes. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 shall be followed.
Fly ash Management • Fly ash will be collected in ESP Hoppers that will get pneumatically circulated to storage silos for subsequent transport by trucks. It shall be given to brick manufacturer.
2.11 Solvent Recovery and Distillation System
All chemical reactions are carried out in presence of solvents. The solvents will come out from process in crude form, various organic & inorganic impurities will come along with recovered solvents, therefore these can be re-used only after purification. Purification of solvent shall be carried out by fractional distillation using Distillation Column packed with sheet metal structured packings. Distilled solvents will be re- use in process and residue which remained in reactor shall either be sent to nearest incineration site or HWTSDF. Typical flow of Solvent Recovery and Distillation system is given in Figure 2.7.
Process Steps for solvent recovery
• All the solvents shall be recovered from reaction vessels • Each reaction vessels shall have overhead condenser (primary and a vent condenser) • The primary condenser shall have the utility connection of either cooling water (32-37°C) or chilled water (5-10°C) or both. • The vent condenser shall have a utility connection of either chilled water (<7°C) or brine (-15 to-20) or both. • By these measures the utilities in the condensers shall always be below the condensing temperature of various solvents and therefore least vapour pressure or mole fraction at condensing temperature. • Unit shall be using dry vacuum pump with vacuum control device to maintain constant pressure. • Each vacuum device shall also have a knockout pot and a condenser after suction of the vacuum pump. • The reactor and solvent handling pumps shall have double mechanical seal less pumps to prevent leakages. Also, tank shall be provided with breather valve to prevent losses. • Solvent will be taken from storage tank to reactors through closed pipeline. The Storage Tank shall be vented through trap receiver & condenser operated on cooling water.
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• The condenser shall be provided with sufficient HTA and residence time so as to prevent any loss of solvent
Figure 2.7 : Typical Solvent Recovery System
2.12 Green Belt Development Plan
To mitigate and minimize the environmental impacts, arising due to project especially from air pollution, noise pollution, soil erosion etc. a dense Greenbelt shall be developed all around the proposed site. MGOPL will develop a dense greenbelt in 3350 m2 i.e., 33.28 % of total plot. Greenbelt development work will be started from the company establishment. The industry shall put in serious effort to create the greenery since the number of trees, plants, shrubs, and herbs to get increased considerably. Also, an effort apparently will be made to increase the percent of survival in subsequent years.
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MGOPL shall plant approx. 350 no. of trees/shrubs under the greenbelt in their unit.
2.13 Project Cost and Schedule
The expected Cost of the proposed project shall be around Rs 12.93 Crores. Construction will be started after getting all approval from concern department. Construction and installation of machinery will be completed in 1-2 years after start of construction.
Table 2.19 : Breakup of Project Cost
Sr. No. Particulars Estimated Cost (INR in Lakhs) 1. Land and Site Development 2.59 2. Buildings 1.93 3. Plant and Machineries 6.45 4. Environment Protection Measures 1.96 TOTAL 12.93
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CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
This Chapter describes the baseline environmental conditions around the MGOPL project site for various environmental attributes, i.e. physical, biological, and socio-economic conditions, within the 10-km radial zone of the proposed project site, which is termed as the study area. Topography, drainage, meteorology, air, noise, water, soil, and land constitute the physical environment, whereas flora and fauna constitute the biological environment. Demographic details and occupational pattern in the study area constitute socio-economic environment.
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter illustrates the description of the existing environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. As a precursor for the prediction of various types of environmental impacts likely to arise due to implementation of this project, it is essential to establish the base line environmental status. The existing environmental setting is considered to adjudge the baseline environmental conditions, which are described with respect to physico-chemical, biological and socio-economic parameters in the project area and within the project influence area. The objective of this section is to define the present environmental status which would help in assessing the environmental impacts due to the proposed project.
3.2 BACKGROUND AND SALIENT FEATURES OF STUDY AREA
M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. proposes a Pesticide unit of Total capacity of 700MT/Month excluding formulation at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. The plant will be spread over an area of 10067.15 m2. Its centre geographical coordinates are 27°49'40.06"N, 77°24'26.60"E. Study area map comprising direct impact area which includes area covered under 10 km radius from the project boundary is shown in Figure 3.1.
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Figure 3.1 Study Area Map
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3.2.1 Study Period To establish the base line environmental status of the physico-chemical, biological and socio-economic parameters in the project area and within the project influence area the baseline study and primary data collection has been carried out during 1st October 2020 to 31st December 2020. Field monitoring for meteorological conditions, ambient air quality, Water quality, Noise quality, Soil quality etc. has been carried out, which constitute major portions of the Baseline environmental studies. In addition to these other major aspects like Geology, Hydrology, ground water and water conservation, Land use, Socio-economic study, Ecology and biodiversity etc. are also covered. All this information is based on primary and secondary information sources and surveys and constitute the baseline environmental studies. The entire data have been collected through actual physical surveys and observations, literature surveys, interaction with locals, government agencies and departments.
3.2.2 Environmental Setting and Salient Environmental Features of Project Area M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. Is located at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. The Site is located about 3.89 km North-North-West of the Kosi Kalan. The proposed site center coordinates are 27°49'40.06"N, 77°24'26.60"E. The site is approachable through Internal road which is adjusting to site in west direction of proposed site. Nearest Railway station is Kosi Kalan Railway Station at 5.70 km South-South-East from the project site. The nearest National highway NH-2 is about 1.04 km East - North-East direction from proposed site. Nearest airport at Indira Gandhi International Airport is about 86.35 Km towards NNW direction from project site. There is no National Park, Sanctuary, Elephant/Tiger Reserve (existing as well as proposed), migratory routes/ wildlife corridor exists within 10 km radius around the Project site. The coordinate of corner of project site is given in Table 3.1 and Figure 3.3 Location map and Topo map showing site and surrounding environment features within the 10-km area is provided in Figure 3.4 & Figure 3.5 respectively. The Environmental Sensitivity of plant site within 500m, 2 Km and 10 Km radius is summarized at Table 3.2
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Table 3.1: Geo-coordinates of the Project Site
Corner Coordinates & Direction Corners Latitude Longitude Direction A 27°49'41.17"N 77°24'25.07"E NW B 27°49'44.02"N 77°24'29.56"E NNE C 27°49'40.43"N 77°24'32.50"E SE D 27°49'37.33"N 77°24'27.41"E SSW
Figure 3.2: Location of Project
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Figure 3.3 : Coordinates of the Project Site
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Table 3.2: Salient Environmental Features of Proposed Site S. No. Environmental Features Within 500 m area Within500m- 2- Within 2km-10 km around Project km area around area around Project Site Project Site Site 1. Ecological Environment A Presence of Wildlife None None None Sanctuary/ National Park/Biosphere Reserves B Reserved /Protected Kotban Reserve None Chameliban Open Forests Forest @ 0.22km, jungle @ 4.93km, N WNW C Wetland of state and None None None national interest D Migratory route for wild None None None animals E Presence of schedule-I None None None Fauna 2. Physical Environment F Road connectivity Yes Yes Yes Internal Road NH-2 @1.04 km NH-2 @ 1.04 km ENE ENE G Rail connectivity None None Yes Kosi Kalan Railway Station @ 5.70 km South-South-East H Defence Installation None None None I Densely Populated Area None Yes yes Vilage Nabipur @ Kosi Kalan @ 3.83km, 0.65 km, S SSE J Village close to plant site Vilage Nabipur @ 0.65 km, S
K Topography Plain, elevation of Plain, elevation of site ranges between170 site ranges between to 203 amsl. 186 to 187. L Seismicity Seismic zone-IV (High Risk Zone) M Surface Water None None None Resources (Rivers)
N Groundwater Safe O Soil and Land-use Clay, landuse of site Clay, landuse Clay. landuse is Industrial agriculture, agriculture, settlement settlement Open Open scrub water body scrub water body and vegetation 3. Social Environment P Physical Setting Industrial area and Urban and Rural Urban, rural and Rural agricultural Q Physical Sensitive None School, School, Hospitals, Receptors Hospitals, etc. Temple etc. R Archaeological None None None Monuments (Source: EQMS)
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Figure 3.4 : Location Map of the Project Site 10 km Radius around the Project Site
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Figure 3.5 : Topographical Map (2,5 & 10 km Radius of Project Site)
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3.3 BACKGROUND AND SALIENT FEATURES OF STUDY AREA
3.3.1 Primary Data Collection: Monitoring Plan and Quality Assurance Procedures The study period and methodology for primary data collection is as per the CPCB guidelines. Standard methods and procedures have been strictly adhered to in the course of this study. QA/QC procedures were strictly followed which covers all aspects of the study, and includes sample collection, handling, laboratory analyses, data coding, statistical analyses, presentation and communication of results. The baseline environmental data generation has been collected for the period of 1st October 2020 to 31st December 2020. Summary of monitoring plan with sampling testing methodology followed is summarized in Table 3.3.
Table 3.3: Summary of Methodology for Primary/Secondary Baseline Data Collection
No. Of Frequency sampling Parameters / Season Remarks locations Ambient Air Quality AAQ monitoring was carried Twice a out at 8 locations PM (10), PM(2.5), Week (representing upwind, SO2 , NOx 8 locations For Post downwind, and sensitive ,CO,NH3,CO,HC,VOC Monsoon locations). 24 hours sampling 2020 at each location was carried out as per CPCB guidelines (CPCB Gazette notification dated 18.11.2009 on AAQ). Meteorology Temperature, Hourly for Humidity,Wind Post Hourly Meteorological data speed,Direction, One location Monsoon were collected for one season. Rainfall etc. 2020 Ground Water Quality Ground Water: Sampling was conducted at 8 locations. Physical, chemical, 8 locations Samples were preserved, and biological in study Once transported, and analyzed for parameters as per IS area different parameters based on 10500. APHA methods. Temp, conductivity, and pH which were measured instantly at site itself. Surface Water Quality
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Surface Water: Sampling was conducted at 8 locations. 8 locations Samples were preserved and Physical, chemical, in study Once in a transported for analysis for and biological area season different parameters based on parameters as per IS: ALPHA methods. Temp, 10500. conductivity, DO and pH which were measured instantly at site itself. Soil Texture, bulk density, pH, 8 locations conductivity, cation in study Once Soil samples were collected at 8 exchange capacity, area locations within the study area organic matter, Total and analyzed as per IARI N, P, K, method and Heavy metals etc
3.4 TOPOGRAPHY
Topographically, the district can be divided into two micro regions. (i) Nandgaon- Goverdhan Plain (ii) Yamuna Khaddar The district lies in the basin of the Yamuna. It is more or less a plain sloping of the rate of 0.25 meter per kilometer from north to south in the direction of the river’s course. Low hills-now Where higher than 261 meter above sea level-in a few scattered spots rise on the Bharatpur border. The highest elevation above sea level is about 178 metre near Kotban on the Gurgaon border and the lowest 171.6 mt. near Jalesar Road railway station. Yamuna enters the district at Chauudras (of tahsil Chatta) and follows a winding course of about 161 km. and leaves the district at village Mandaur. The Pathwaha and Jhirna are the two streams which drains the northern Mat and with the river Yamuna. The level gently drops from north to south, the height above sea level which is 185.9 m. than the sis Yamuna tract, including the tahsil of Chhata and Mathura lies at a higher level than the eastern tract. Most of larger villages and the important towns of Mathura, Vrindaban and Kosi lie on the right of the Yamuna, except for which there is no other river of stream in the tract.
Nandgaon- Goverdhan Plain: The region is situated in the western part of the district comprising major part of Chhata and Mathura tehsils. The eastern limit of the region runs parallel to the Yamuna river. The general slope of this tract is from north to south. It is remarkable to note that there is not a single stream worth to be mentioned here. However, there are a few perennial tanks. Although it is homogeneous plain but a few hillocks with a height of 200 meters are noted in the western side near Barsana. Beside a few segments of broken surface are also noticed in the eastern part. Comparatively the
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western side to the region is higher than east. Its distributaries irrigate this land which is comparatively deficient in rainfall. Yamuna Khaddar: The name of the region itself indicates its characteristics. It loops both side of the river Yamuna. The area covers parts of Chhata, Mathura, Mat and sadabad tahsils. The Yamu na is the master stream which flows from the center of this area. The slope direction and other physical features are controlled by this river. Nohjhil khaddar is a large natural lake located in the north. Since the physical characteristics are linked with the Yamuna river, cultural features are not exception of this fact. The proposed project falls under the Mathura District. The Topography of Mathura district is mainly a plain. Elevation of study area varies from 170 to 203 amsl. The project site is Plain and elevation of site ranges between 186 to 187 amsl. Digital Elevation Map of the 10-km area around site is shown in Figure 3.6. The contours in Toposheet have been digitized in the GIS environment and assigned the respective elevation values in meters with reference to the mean sea level. Using the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) data, the elevation values has been verified.
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Figure 3.6 : Elevation Map of study area
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3.5 DRAINAGE
The district is situated in the basin of Yamuna, which traverses through the central part of the district from north to south and divide the district into two parts. The district nevertheless be described as a plain, sloping in the direction of the river´s course. The river´s and streams of the district consist of the Yamuna and its two affluents, the Pathwaha and the Jhirna or Karwan both of which become fairly torrential in the monsoon season. Yamuna divides tahsil Mat from the tahsil of Chhata. Its banks are first sandy and low but as it advances in its course, they become steeper and ravines and sand hills begin to intermingle with the sandy slope. The cultivation on the banks bordering the ravines is poor, the ravines themselves being devoid of vegetation and pitted with modular limestone. But the land adjacent to the river is quite often very fertile, the soil varying from sand to rich loam, the richest being found in the Katri.
Yamuna: The Yamuna River from its origin near Yamunotri to its confluence with Ganga River at Allahabad is about 1,376 km. is the largest tributary to Ganga River and it accounts to about 40% of Ganga basin. The Yamuna River from its origin near Yamunotri to its confluence with Ganga River at Allahabad is about 1,376 km. is the largest tributary to Ganga River and it accounts to about 40% of Ganga basin. It is perennial river which enter in the district at village chaundras (in tehsil Chhata) and follows a meandering course from north to south forming the boundary between eastern tehsil Mat and western tehsil of Chhata and Mathura. Its banks are sandy and low but as the river advances south wards they become steeper and ravinious and sand hills begin to inter mingle with the sandy slopes. The cultivation on the banks bordering the ravines is poor, the ravines themselves being devoid of vegetation and pitted with modular limestone.
In the Study area (10km) Kosi distributary, Nandgaon Distributary, Agra Canal, Shergarh Distributary flows. There is no any drainage in the project site. Drainage Map of district and Study Area is given below in Figure 3.7.
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Figure 3.7 : Drainage Map of study Area
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3.6 GEOLOGY
The proposed project and study area falls under Mathura district. Study area covers geological strata with the homogenous formation and does not show any significant structural complications. Quaternary alluvial tract covers most of the part in Mathura district except for few NE- SW trending ridges, which expose Delhi Super Group of rocks in the west. The Mathura Older Alluvial Plains are flat to gently undulating alluvial tract covering most of the area. In the marginal tracts of Yamuna in the southern region, badlands and ravinous tracts are developed (District & Pradesh, 2006). Table 3.4: Geological succession of the Mathura district
Group Age Formation Lithology Quaternary Holocene Yamuna Recent Coarse-grained, quartzo-feldspathic Alluvium Yamuna sand reddish in color, occurs in patches Terrace Alluvium in the western part and micaceous grey Mathura Older sand. It is composed of grey micaceous Alluvium sand, clay and over bank silt. It is composed of a multicyclic sequence of clay, silt, and sand with calcrete. Middle to Late Pleistocene Older Alluvium (Varanasi Alluvium) Oxidized silt changes Khaki to brownish yellow, clay with kankar disseminations, and sand varies from grey to brown fine to medium-grained. Middle to Late Older Alluvium Unconformity Pleistocene (Varanasi Alluvium) Proterozoic-III Vindhyan Upper Bhander sandstone, Quartzite, Supergroup Phyllite and shale Group.
3.6.1 Seismicity of the Study Area Based on tectonic features and records of past earthquakes, a seismic zoning map of India has been prepared by a committee of experts under the auspices of Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS Code: IS: 1893: Part I 2002). According to the seismic-zoning map of India, the project area falls in Zone-IV (High Risk Zone) of seismicity. The seismicity map of India & Uttar Pradesh showing location of the project is deplicit in Figure 3.8 & Figure 3.9.
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Figure 3.8 : Seismic Zone Map of India
Figure 3.9 : Seismic Zone Map of Uttar Pradesh
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3.7 Geomorphology
The area is part of the western fringe of Ganga alluvial plain and slopes gently towards east and along the drainage lines. The following geomorphological units have been delineated. The study is based on the visual interpretation of LAND SAT data and IRS IA DATA (Rai and Sinha 1992). The main three geomorphic units identified in the district are: 1. Younger Alluvium Plain 2. Older Alluvium Plain 3. Relict Mountains, Hills and Ridges 1. Younger Alluvium Plain: Younger alluvium plain is mainly restricted to present river course and mainly represented by sand and loam. It is further divided into (a) Present flood plain and (b) Old flood Plain. The present flood plain has two main landforms i.e. present river course and sand plain sand bar. Similarly, the old flood plain is characterized by flowing landforms which are represented by loamy sand. The landforms are: i. Abandoned Channel ii. Meandering Scar iii. Black- swamp 2. Older Alluvium Plain: This unit is mainly characterized by yellow clay, kankar and Reh. It is represented by following landforms. i. Alluvium plain ii. Salt affected plain iii. Waterlogged plain The maximum area of the district falls under these landforms. 3. Relict Mountains, Hills and Ridges:
These relict mountains are present at Goverdhan , Barsana etc. and belong to Delhi Super group. Here slopes are very high, and they form mostly run off zone. Besides these mentioned land forms, these are some windblown Aeolian land forms i.e. sand dunes and sand sheets at reported by Mukherjee, A. Etal (1988).
3.8 HYDROLOGY
The area is underlain by unconsolidated sediments which are deposited uncomfortably over the Pre-Cambrian basement Delhi System. The shallow aquifer group occur down to depth of 50.0 mbgl whereas deep aquifers group exist between the depth range of 135 - 185 mbgl. The aquifer material is generally composed of fine to medium grained sand. Kankars are invariably associated with sand and clay in older alluvium plain.
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Ground water occurs under unconfined to semi-confined conditions in the shallow aquifer group and semiconfined to confined condition in the deep aquifer group. Depth to Water Level The project falls in Kosi Kalan industrial area and the study area falls in Mathura district. As per depth to water level data of ground water monitoring stations for the year 2012, premonsoon water level varies from 2.65 to 14.34 mbgl. In postmonsoon period depth to water varies from 1.33 to 14.00 mbgl. Seasonal water level fluctuation varies from -0.15 to 3.85 m. Pre and Post Monsoon water level of the area is given below in Figure 3.10. Long Term Fluctuations: The long-term water level trend for ten years (2003-2012) of 18 ground water monitoring wells have shown that nine wells have rising trend between 0.0176 to 0.3819 m per year and 6 nos. of ground water monitoring wells are showing fall between 0.0542 - 0.7724 m /year during pre-monsoon. During post monsoon nine wells are showing rising trend from 0.0300 to 0.3684 m/year and six wells have falling trend between 0.0077 to 4.2387 m/year. Annual rising trend varies from 0.
Ground Water Resources: As per the report on Dynamic Ground Water Resources of Uttar Pradesh as on 31.3.2009, the annual ground water availability of Mathura district is 93781.47 ham. The gross ground water draft for all uses is 78152.75 ham. The stage of ground water development is 83.33 %. As per the estimate, Farah and Mat blocks are under semi- critical where ground water development is 98.58% , 75.14 % respectively.Three blocks i.e.Baldeo , Raya and Nohjhil falls under over exploited, where ground water developments are 108.19% , 119.52 % and 124.49 % respectively. Chhata ,Chaumuha , Goverdhan , and Nandgaon blocks of the district fall under 'Safe' category of ground water development.
Table 3.5 Stage of Ground Water Development
S.No. Assess Net Annual Existing Existing Existing Provision for Net Ground Stage of Category men Ground Gross Gross Gross Domestic Water Ground t Units and Water Ground Ground Ground Availability Water Blocks/ Industrial Availability Water Water Water for Future Develop Dis Draft Draft Requirement ment Draft for Irrigation trict for for All Supply for (13/10)× Domestic Developme Uses 100 Irrigation 2025 nt & (11+12) (%) (10-11-14) Industrial Water Supply
1. Baldeo 6970.01 7185.88 354.86 7540.74 354.86 - 570.74 108.19 over exploited
2. Chaum 10721.03 6407.24 258.80 6666.04 303.06 4010.73 62.18 Safe uha 3. Chhata 11124.36 7873.80 355.41 8229.21 438.53 2812.03 73.97 Safe
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4. Farah 8821.91 8389.03 307.76 8696.79 420.50 12.38 98.58 Semi critical
5. Goverdh 10473.92 6359.80 364.53 6724.33 456.16 3657.96 64.20 Safe n 6. Mat 6836.54 4818.00 339.08 5157.08 459.60 1585.94 75.1 Semi critical
7. Mathur 10935.27 9124.88 528.05 9652.93 741.02 1069.37 88.27 Safe a
8. Nandga 12540.68 6397.54 388.84 6786.38 489.72 5653.42 54.11 safe on 9. Nohjhil 7577.51 9063.90 368.96 9432.86 368.96 0.00 124.49 over exploited
10. Raya 7753.26 8870.90 395.49 9266.39 395.49 0.00 119.52 over exploited
Total 93781.47 74490.97 3661.78 78152.75 4427.90 14862.60 83.33
Figure 3.10 : Depth to Ground Water level in Pre & Post-monsoon
3.9 LAND USE
3.9.1 Introduction Land use analysis was carried out using remote Sensing Data. Interpretation approach based on systematic digital imaging was used for delineating the land use classes. The demarcation of boundaries falling under different land use/land cover units is done
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using different colours assigned to different land use/land cover units of satellite imagery.
3.9.2 Land use based on Satellite Imagery Satellite imagery contains detail records of features on the ground at the time of satellite overpass. An image interpreter systematically examines the images for generating the information required by him. Other supporting materials such as published maps and reports from various sources will increase the accuracy of the interpretation. The chain of process in visual interpretation of the shape and pattern in an image begins with detection. There are certain fundamental characteristics seen on images which aid in the visual interpretation of satellite imagery. These are tone / colour, size, shape, texture, pattern, location, association, resolution and season. Visual interpretation is subjective and differs from person to person and also upon the season, scale, spectral bands, spatial resolution, overall image contrast and quality of the data.
3.9.3 Data Source and Analysis Remote Sensing Technique is used to prepare the present Land use Landover Map. A remotely sensed image is not considered a photograph. An image is a rendition, or model, of target features described through the use of spectral reflectance. These reflectance values are stored in a quantitative, numerical fashion in a manner suitable for input to a computer. Software and hardware specially designed to analyze these images give us the ability to see a pictorial rendition of targets. The images that we see on a computer screen are made up of picture elements called pixels. These images which are “Discretized” are called as a digital image. Remote Sensing Data and few secondary dataset were used to study and map the present Land Use pattern of the area. These are, Multi spectra land Multi mporal images are used as the input data. (FCC) bvb Landsat-TM (MSS) multispectral & PAN imagery has been used as input data. The spatial resolution of the dataset is 30m & 15m. The bands used as input data for the current study have these following features Band 2: 0.52 - 0.59 μm (green): This band corresponds to the green reflectance of healthy vegetation and is spanning the region between the blue and red chlorophyll absorption bands. Band 3: 0.62 - 0.68 μm (red): This red chlorophyll absorption band of healthy green vegetation is one of the most important bands for vegetation discrimination. In addition, it is useful for soil-boundary and geological boundary mapping. Band 3 may exhibit more contrast than bands 1 and 2 because the effect of the atmosphere is reduced. The 0.69m cut-off represents the beginning of a spectral region from 0.68 to 0.75m where vegetation reflectance crossovers occur that can reduce the accuracy of vegetation studies. Band 4: 0.77 - 0.86 μm (near infrared): For reasons discussed above, the lower cut- off for this band was placed above 0.75 m. This band is especially responsive to the amount of vegetation biomass present in ascene. It is useful for identification of vegetation types, and emphasizes soil-crop and land-water contrasts.
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3.9.4 Other Secondary data The secondary database considered for validation and geo-referencing of the image is as follows: US Army Sheet (1:250,000).
3.9.5 Data Image Interpretation Digital image processing is the use of computer algorithms to perform image processing on digital images. As a subfield of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing; it allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data, and can avoid problems such as the build- up of noise and signal distortion during processing. In today's world of advanced technology where most remote sensing data are recorded in digital format, virtually all image interpretation and analysis involves some element of digital processing. Digital image processing may involve numerous procedures including formatting and correcting of the data, digital enhancement to facilitate better visual interpretation, or even automated classification of targets and features entirely by computer. In order to process remote sensing imagery digitally, the data must be recorded and available in a digital form suitable for storage on a computer tape or disk. Obviously, the other requirement for digital image processing is a computer system, sometimes referred to as an image analysis system, with the appropriate hardware and software to software to process the data. Several commercially available software systems have been developed specifically for remote sensing image processing and analysis.
3.9.6 Image Analysis System Most of the common image processing functions available in image analysis systems can be categorized into the following four categories: 1. Pre-processing 2. Image Enhancement 3. Image Transformation 4. Image Classification and Analysis 1. Pre-processing functions involve those operations that are normally required prior to the main data analysis and extraction of information, and are generally grouped as radiometric or geometric corrections. Radiometric corrections include correcting the data for sensor irregularities and unwanted sensor or atmospheric noise, and converting the data so they accurately represent the reflected or emitted radiation measured by the sensor. Geometric corrections include correcting for geometric distortions due to sensor-Earth geometry variations, and conversion of the data to real world coordinates (e.g. latitude and longitude) on the Earth's surface. 2. Image Enhancement The objective of the second group of image processing function grouped under the term of image enhancement is solely to improve the appearance of the imagery to assist in visual interpretation and analysis. Examples of enhancement functions include contrast stretching to increase the tonal distinction between various
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features in a scene, and spatial filtering to enhance (or suppress) specific spatial patterns in an image. 3. Image transformations are operations similar in concept to those for image enhancements. However, unlike image enhancement operations which are normally applied only to a single channel of data at a time, image transformations usually involve combined processing of data from multiple spectral bands. Arithmetic operations (i.e. subtraction, addition, multiplication, division) are performed to combine and transform the original bands into "new “images which better display or highlight certain features in the scene. We will look at some of these operations including various methods of spectral or band rationing, and a procedure called principal components analysis which is used to more efficiently represent the information in multichannel imagery. 4. Image classification and analysis operations are used to digitally identify and classify pixels in the data. Classifications usually performed on multichannel data sets (A) and this process assigns each pixel in animate to a particular class ortheme (B) based on statistical characteristics of the pixel brightness values. There are a variety of approaches taken to perform digital classification. We will briefly describe the two generic approaches which are used most often, namely supervised and unsupervised classification. The intent of the classification process is to categorize all pixels in digital image into one of several land cover classes, or "themes". This categorized data may then be used to produce thematic maps of the land cover present in an image. Normally, multispectral data are used to perform the classification and, indeed, the spectral pattern present within the data for each pixel is used as the numerical basis for categorization (Lille sand and Kiefer, 1994). The objective of image classification is to identify and portray, as a unique gray level (or colour), the features occurring in an image in terms of the object or type of land cover these features actually represent on the ground. Image classification is perhaps the most important part of digital image analysis. It is very nice to have a "pretty picture" or an image, showing magnitude of colours illustrating various features of the underlying terrain, but it is quite useless unless to know what the colours mean. (PCI, 1997). Two main classification methods are Supervised Classification and Unsupervised Classification. Supervised Classification: With supervised classification, we identify examples of the Information classes (i.e., land cover type) of interest in the image. These are called "training sites". The image processing software system is then used to develop a statistical characterization of the reflectance for each information class. This stage is often called "signature analysis “and may involve developing a characterization as simple as the mean or the rage of reflectance on each bands, or as complex as detailed analyses of the mean, variances and covariance over all bands. Once a statistical characterization has been achieved for each information class, the images then classified by examining the reflectance for each pixel and making decision about which of the signatures it resembles most. (Eastman, 1995) Unsupervised Classification: Unsupervised classification is a method which examines a large number of unknown pixels and divides into a number of classed based unnatural groupings present in the image values. Unlike supervised classification,
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unsupervised classification does not require analyst specified training data. The basic premise is that values within a given cover type should be close together in the measurement space (i.e. have similar gray levels), whereas data in different classes should be comparatively well separated (i.e. have very different gray levels) (PCI,1997; Lille sand and Kiefer, 1994; Eastman, 1995 )The classes that result from unsupervised classification are spectral classed which based unnatural groupings of the image values, the identity of the spectral class will not be initially known, must compare classified data to some form of reference data (such as larger scale imagery, maps, or site visits) to determine the identity and informational values of the spectral classes. Thus, in the supervised approach, to define useful information categories and then examine their spectral reparability; in the unsupervised approach the computer determines spectrally separable class, and then define their information value. (PCI, 1997; Lille sand and Kiefer, 1994) Unsupervised classification is becoming increasingly popular in agencies involved in long term GIS database maintenance. The reason is that there are now systems that use clustering procedures that are extremely fast and require little in the nature of operational parameters. Thus it is becoming possible to train GIS analysis with only general familiarity with remote sensing to undertake classifications that meet typical map accuracy standards. With suitable ground truth accuracy assessment procedures, this tool can provide a remarkably rapid means of producing quality land cover data on a continuing basis.
3.9.7 Ground Truth Study A detailed ground truth was carried out to check the discrepancy of the interpreted data. Comprising of data collection of ground features along with the respective geographical position in terms of latitudes and longitudes.
3.9.8 Land-use at 10 km Study Area Most of the land within the 10 km area of the project site is water body and graphical representation of land use of the study area is shown in Table 3.6 and Figure 3.11. Land use map of the project influence area is given in Figure 3.12. As per the land use based on satellite image, about 32% of the land is under Agricultural Land and 39% of the area is under water body. As per the land use based on satellite image, about 10 % of the land is under Settlement, Vegetation/Open Scrub is about 15%, and Wet land/Mud is 4%. Table 3.6: Land use of the study area
Class Area (Sq Km) Percentage (%) Agricultural Land 283.47 89 Vegetation 12.34 4 Open Scrub Land 0.36 0.001 Settlement 18.96 6 Water body 4.71 1 Total 319.84 100
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(Source: Satellite Image Analysis by EQMS) Landuse Distribution
Agricultural Land Vegetation Open Scrub Land Settlement Water body
0% 1% 6% 4%
89%
Figure 3.11: Graphical Representation of Land Use of the Study Area
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Figure 3.12: Land Use Map (Study Area- 10 Km)
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3.10 SOIL ENVIRONMENT
Soil is our most important natural resource, and a natural resource is anything that comes from the earth and is used by us. We depend on the soil for food, clothing, shelter, minerals, clay & water. Soil is the seat of many macro and micro flora like algae, fungi, earthworms, bacteria etc. These are very beneficial in promoting soil reactions and decomposing the organic matter by which essential nutrients for plants are liberated. Most of the soil is made-up of two main parts: ❖ Tiny bits of mineral particles which come from larger rocks, and humus, which is dark brown in color and consists of decaying remains of plants and animals. ❖ Soil also contains water, air and living organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, earthworms, roundworms, insects, etc. Actually, more living organisms live in the soil than above it. For general characterization of soil a few random samples from the study area to the depth of about 15 cm may sufficient. Deeper soil samples may be needed only for the study of soil profile. Soil is the basic natural resource on which the very existence of mankind depends and, therefore, the optimum utilization of soil needs adequate attention. Generally, soil refers to the lose surface of the earth as identified from the original rocks and minerals from which it is derived through weathering processes. Surface soil is the immediate uppermost loose layer of the earth consisting of organic matter and soil organisms suitable for plant growth. It is generally called furrow slice soil layer and fertile soil. The surface soil is, therefore, the seat of greater chemical and biological activities than the sub soil. Tillage operation, addition of manures, fertilizers and soil amendments, and other soil management practices further add to the complexity of activities taking place in surface soil. In the study region soil comes of interaction of river and tides. Therefore, soils of the area generally divided into; alluvial soil, sandy soil and saline soil. Alluvial soil is mainly found to wards in land form the coast. This is very fertile from the coast in nature and therefore different type of crops mainly rice, vegetables are grown. Sandy soil is available on the sand dunes and is generally devoid of organic matter. In the belt of spill basin and along the shore line where tidal water plays a grace role. Saline soil is found in this area a no of salt pan is located. District: The classification of the soils in the district still holds good. In the bangar or uplands the soils vary from dumat (rich loam) to bhur which is constituted of deposits of blown sand and fine dust, Dumat is not plentiful in the district and found only in tahsil Mat and the northern tract of Chhata . Piliya (light yellow loam), which has a large proportion of sand is not plentiful in the district and is more workable after irrigation than daumat. Dahar or pure clay is found only in the Khadar area or lowlands. It is hard and unyielding and responds to the plough only if it is moist. In the behar (the ravines of the Yamuna) the soil becomes impoverished by drainage resulting in very poor harvests. The soils found in river beds are called by a variety of names such as tardabua ,jhawar, kunda, jhada and khapra, The general soils around the jhils and ponds is Chiknot which is also called bhabra in some villages.
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Figure 3.12 : Type of soils in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh
3.10.1 Selection Criteria of Soil Sampling Locations For studying soil quality of the study area and with a view to ascertain the impacts due to proposed activities on the nearby agriculture, vegetative land, eight sampling locations, were selected to assess the existing soil conditions in and around the project area. The location of the soil samples is presented in Table 3.7 and shown in Figure 3.13. Table 3.7 : Soil Sampling Stations
Location Sampling Aerial Distance Location (KM)and Latitude /Longitude Code Location Direction from Remark site 27° 49.708'N, S-1 Project site 77° 24.453'E - Project Site 27° 49.258'N, S-2 Nabipur 77° 24.815'E 0.89km,SSE Agricultural Field 27° 50.404'N, S-3 Kotwan 77° 24.563'E 1.25Km, NNE Agricultural Field 27° 49.912'N, S-4 Dahgaon 77° 22.504'E 3.17km, NW Agricultural Field 27° 48.768'N, S-5 Hasanpur 77° 26.227'E 3.24Km,SE Agricultural Field 27° 49.908'N, S-6 Kharot 77° 26.994'E 4.06Km,E Agricultural Field Kosi Kalan 27° 47.526'N, S-7 Village 77° 26.015'E 4.64Km,SSE Agricultural Field Kosi Kalan S-8 Industrial 27° 46.582'N, Area 77° 26.519'E 6.57Km,SSE Agricultural Field
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Figure 3.13 : Location of Soil Sampling Stations
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3.10.2 Sampling Technique Soils vary from place to place. In view of this, efforts should be made to take the samples in such a way that it is fully representative of the field. Random five sub-locations were identified at each location. Scrap away surface litre; obtain a uniformly thick slice of soil from the surface to the plough depth from each place. A V-Shaped cut is made with a spade to remove 1 to 2 cm slice of soil. The sample may be collected on the blade of the spade and put in a clean bucket. In this way collect samples from all the spots marked for one sampling unit. In case of hard soil, samples are taken with the help of augur from the plough depth and collected in the bucket. Pour the soil from the bucket on a piece of clean paper or cloth and mix thoroughly. Spread the soil evenly and divide it into 4 quarters. Reject two opposite quarters and mix the rest of the soil again. Repeat the process till left with about half kg of the soil, collect it and put in a clean cloth / polyethylene bag. Each bag should be properly marked with the name of sampling location & number to identify the sample. Collected Samples are immediately transported to the laboratory. They are shade dried in wooden or enamelled trays (except for the analysis of moisture content) and stored. The dried soils are ground using mortar and pestle (taking care to break only the clods but not the sand and gravel particles) and sieved through a 2mm mesh sieve. 3.10.2.3 Soil Quality Parameters and Method of Analysis
The analysis of soil properties shall be done as per standard methods as described in the Methods Manual of Soil Testing in India, Department of Agriculture & Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, New Delhi (Table 3.8). Table 3.8 : Method for Analysis of Soil Properties
S. No. Parameters Methods of Analysis
Physical Parameters 1 Moisture content (%) Gravimetric 2 Water Holding Capacity (%) Gravimetric 3 Bulk Density (%) Gravimetric 4 Texture Hydrometer Method Chemical Parameters 5 pH Electrometric (pH meter) 6 EC (μS/m) Electrometric 7 Acidity (mg/kg) Titrimetric 8 Alkalinity (mg/kg) Titrimetric 9 Chloride(mg/kg) Titrimetric 10 Calcium (mg/kg) Titrimetric 11 Magnesium (mg/kg) Titrimetric 12 Sodium(mg/kg) Flame Photometer 13 Potassium(mg/kg) Flame Photometer 14 Available Potassium(mg/kg) Flame Photometer 15 Sulphate(mg/kg) Spectrophotometer 16 Nitrate(mg/kg) Kjedahl method 17 Phosphate(mg/kg) Bray’s Extractant
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S. No. Parameters Methods of Analysis
18 Available Phosphorus(mg/kg) Spectrophotometer 19 Organic Carbon (%) Wet Digestion
3.10.2.4 Protocol for Assessment of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties
Methods of Manual of Soil Testing in India, Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, New Delhi, shall be followed for collection of soil samples, its preparation for testing and analyzing various physico-chemical properties of soil.
3.10.3 Soil Quality Analysis Analysis of various soil properties, their characteristics and quantitative determination of soil in Project Site and its surrounding have been done. Such analysis has been carried out for surface soil only. Among the various soil properties, the following are accounted for.
1. Soil mechanical analysis 2. Soil reaction(pH) 3. Organic matter content 4. Nitrogen content 5. Phosphorous content 6. Base Exchange capacity.
The physical and chemical analysis results of the soil samples collected at site during Post Monsoon Season 2020, are presented in Table 3.9:
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Table 3.9 : Physical Characteristics of Ambient Soil Quality (Post Monsoon Season,2020)
S-1 S-7 S-8 S-2 S-3 S-4 S-5 S-6 S.No Parameter Unit (Project (Kosi Kalan (Kosi Kalan (Nabipur) (Kotwan) (Dahgaon) (Hasanpur) (Kharot) site) Village) Industrial Area) Physical Characteristics 1 Texture USDA Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam 2 Porosity % 46.4 50.2 47.9 49.1 45.2 45.3 46.8 47.9 3 Bulk Density gm/cc 1.42 1.32 1.38 1.35 1.45 1.45 1.41 1.38 Water 4 Holding % 29.5 30.5 28.6 29.8 29.8 29.4 30.8 29.8 Capacity 5 Particle Size Distribution i). Sand % 55 55 58 52 56 56 54 60 ii). Silt % 32 32 28 29 32 32 28 28 iii). Clay % 13 13 14 16 12 12 18 12 6 Permeability cm/hr 1.78 1.78 1.55 1.24 2.03 2.03 0.96 2.02 Chemical Characteristics 7 pH - 7.75 7.88 7.58 7.82 7.85 7.85 7.76 7.58 Conductivity 8 µmhos/cm 345.2 358.4 382.5 426.5 316.2 365.4 375.5 290.2 (EC) 9 CEC meq/100gm 9.8 10.5 10.6 11.8 10.25 9.2 11.5 9.24 Organic 10 % 0.48 0.55 0.46 0.52 0.46 0.51 0.58 0.47 Carbon Organic 11 % 0.83 0.95 0.79 0.9 0.79 0.88 0.99 0.81 Matter Chloride as 12 mg/kg 145.8 188.6 244.6 168.2 172.2 158.6 195.2 169.7 Cl Magnesium 13 mg/kg 189.4 188.6 175.8 176.4 204.6 156.5 172.4 186.8 as Mg
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S-1 S-7 S-8 S-2 S-3 S-4 S-5 S-6 S.No Parameter Unit (Project (Kosi Kalan (Kosi Kalan (Nabipur) (Kotwan) (Dahgaon) (Hasanpur) (Kharot) site) Village) Industrial Area) 14 Zinc as Zn mg/kg 1.45 1.72 1.65 1.74 1.68 1.68 1.82 1.86 15 Iron as Fe mg/kg 5.42 7.24 4.81 6.86 2.02 5.57 4.62 1.92 16 Copper as Cu mg/kg 0.33 0.28 0.35 0.31 0.42 0.38 0.34 0.46 Manganese 17 mg/kg 0.71 0.64 0.59 0.68 0.74 0.72 0.78 0.67 as Mn Available Nutrients 18 Nitrogen as N kg/ha 288.4 298.5 269.6 285.2 282.5 278.5 282.7 281.5 Phosphorus 19 kg/ha 24.2 18.5 25.5 21.8 16.2 22.6 20.5 17.2 as P Potassium as 20 kg/ha 185.6 165.5 156.2 174.6 146.5 176.4 168.7 172.4 K
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3.10.4 Soil Reaction Classes and Critical Limits for Macro and Micronutrients in Soil According to Soil Survey Manual (IARI, 1970), the soils are grouped under different soil reaction classes viz. as mentioned below in Table 3.10. Table 3.10 : Soil Reaction Classes
Parameter Range Property of Soil pH<4.5 Extremely acidic pH 4.5-5.0 Very strongly acidic pH 5.1-5.5 Strongly acidic pH 5.6-6.0 Moderately acidic Soil Reaction pH 6.1-6.5 Slightly acidic Classes (pH) pH 6.6-7.3 Neutral pH 7.4-7.8 Slightly alkaline pH 7.9–8.4 Moderately alkaline pH 8.5-9.0 Strongly alkaline <0.50% Low Organic Carbon 0.50-0.75% Medium (OC) >0.75% High Available Nutrients (Fertility Status) <280 kg/ha Low Available Nitrogen 280 to 560 kg/ha Medium >560 kg/ha High <10 kg/ha Low Available 10 to 25 kg/ha Medium Phosphorous >25 kg/ha High <108 kg/ha Low Available 108 to 280 kg/ha Medium Potassium >280 kg/ha High Micronutrient Critical Value Mn <0.5 mg/kg Deficient Zn <2.0 mg/kg Deficient Cu <0.2 mg/kg Deficient (Singh et. al. 2004, Mehta et. al.1988, Follet & Lindsay 1970 and Berger & Truog, 1940)
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Figure 3.14 : Soil Texture Triangle
3.10.5 Interpretation of Soil Characteristic Soil Texture: Soil mechanical analyses have been based on the analytical results of distribution of sand, slit and clay content of soil. In many soil gravel, stones and bedrock outcrop also effect texture and influences on land use. As per the grain size distribution the percentage of Sand in all sampled soil was found varied from 52% to 60%, Silt varied from 28 to 32% and Clay from 12% to 18% during Winter season. Thus, the soil texture is Sandy Loam. Soil Reaction: Soil reaction is the most important single chemical characteristic influencing many physical and chemical properties of soil. Plant growth and microorganism activity depends upon soil reaction and the factors associated with it. There can be three types of soil reaction, which are acidity, alkalinity and neutrality. Soil reaction is measured by pH (Puissance de Hydrogen) of a suspension of soil in water. It represents concentration or activity of hydrogen ion. pH expresses the relationship between H+ and OH-. In the pH scale, the pH value ranges from 0-14, where pH, 0 represents the highest limit of active acidity and pH 14 the highest degree of alkalinity. Neutral represents pH 7. The soil pH ranges were observed from 7.42 to 7.7 during study season, thereby indicating the soil is Slightly Alkaline in nature. Organic Carbon: The effect of soil organic matter on soil properties is well recognized. Soil organic matter plays a vital role in supplying plant nutrients, cation exchange capacity, improving soil aggregation and hence water retention and soil biological
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activity. The Organic Carbon content of sampled soil during study varied from 0.46% to 0.58%, thereby implying that soils are vary Low to Medium organic content. Macronutrients: Nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are considered as primary nutrients and sulphur (S) as secondary nutrient. These nutrients help in proper growth, development and yield differentiation of plants and are generally required by plants in large quantity. Available Nitrogen: Nitrogen is an integral component of many compounds including chlorophyll and enzyme essential for plant growth. It is an essential constituent for amino acids which is building blocks for plant tissue, cell nuclei and protoplasm. It encourages aboveground vegetative growth and deep green color to leaves. Deficiency of nitrogen decreases rate and extent of protein synthesis and result into stunted growth and develop chlorosis. Available nitrogen content in the surface soils ranges between 269.5 kg/ha to 298.5 kg/ha thereby indicating that soils are Low to Medium available nitrogen content. Available Phosphorus: Phosphorus is important component of adenosine di-phosphate (ADP) and adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), which involves in energy transformation in plant. It is essential component of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the seat of genetic inheritance in plant and animal. Phosphorous take part in important functions like photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, crop maturation, root development, strengthening straw in cereal crops etc. The availability of phosphorous is restricted under acidic and alkaline soil reaction mainly due to P-fixation. In acidic condition it get fixed with aluminum and iron and in alkaline condition with calcium. Available phosphorus content ranges between 16.2 kg/ha to 25.5 kg/ha thereby indicating that soils are vary Medium to High in available phosphorus Available Potassium: Potassium is an activator of various enzymes responsible for plant processes like energy metabolism, starch synthesis, nitrate reduction and sugar degradation. It is extremely mobile in plant and help to regulate opening and closing of stomata in the leaves and uptake of water by root cells. It is important in grain formation and tuber development and encourages crop resistance for certain fungal and bacterial diseases. Available potassium content in these soils ranges between 146.5 kg/ha to 185.6 kg/ha thereby indicating that the soils are Medium in potassium content. Table 3.11 : Soil Class Interpretation
Interpretation Parameter Core Zone Buffer Zone Value Category Value Category Soil Reaction 7.75 Slightly Alkaline 7.58 to 7.88 Slightly Alkaline Classes (pH)
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Interpretation Parameter Core Zone Buffer Zone Value Category Value Category Organic Carbon 0.48 % Low 0.46 to 0.58% Medium (OC) Available Nutrients (Fertility Status) 288.4 269.6 to 298.5 Available Nitrogen Medium Medium kg/ha kg/ha Available 24.2 16.2 to 25.5 Medium Medium Phosphorous kg/ha kg/ha Micronutrient 0.71 0.59 to 0.78 Mn Non-Deficient Non-Deficient mg/kg mg/kg
1.65 to 1.86 Zn 1.45 Deficient Deficient mg/kg mg/kg 0.33 0.28 to 0.46 Cu Non-Deficient Non-Deficient mg/kg mg/kg (Singh et. al. 2004, Mehta et. al.1988, Follet & Lindsay 1970 and Berger & Truog, 1940)
3.10.6 Soil Nutrient Index Soil nutrient status for N, P & K is better explained by working out Nutrient Index Value for each. Parker had classified the ‘Nutrient Index’ values less than 1.5 as the indicative of low nutrient status and between 1.5 to 2.5 as medium while higher than 2.5 as high nutrient status. The following equation is used to calculate Nutrient Index Value; Formulae: - [Nutrient Index = {(Nl x 1) + (Nm x 2) + (Nh x 3)} / Nt] Where; Nt = Total number of samples analyzed for a nutrient in any given area. Nl = Number of samples falling in low category of nutrient status. Nm = Number of samples falling in medium category of nutrient status. Nh = Number of samples falling in high category of nutrient status Nutrient Index Value for, N = {(2 x 1) + (6 x 2) + (0 x 3)} / 8 = 1.75 (Medium) Nutrient Index Value for, P = {(0 x 1) + (8 x 2) + (0 x 3)} / 8 = 2.125 (Medium) Nutrient Index Value for, K = {(0 x 1) + (8 x 2) + (0 x 3)} / 8= 2.0 (Medium)
3.10.7 Inference Thus, based on Nutrient Index Value for N, P & K, the soils of study area fall into “MEDIUM FERTILITY STATUS”. Soils have medium organic carbon and are capable of moderately supporting for agriculture. The soils of study area area and project site
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is slightly alkaline in nature as pH value of soils in all analyzed samples is less than 8.5 and simultaneously the value of EC is less than 1 dS/m (1000 µmhos/cm).
3.11 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Water quality is a complex subject, which involves physical, chemical, hydrological and biological characteristics of water and their complex and delicate relations. The quality of water is of vital concern for mankind since it is directly linked with human welfare. Water quality characteristics of aquatic environments arise from multitude of physical, chemical and biological interactions. The water bodies are continuously subjected to dynamic state of changes with respect to their geo-chemical characteristics. The dynamic balance in aquatic ecosystem is upset by human activities. For assessment of baseline data of water quality status, general reconnaissance survey of River upstream and downstream of proposed study area will be done. “Protocol for Water Quality Monitoring” notified by Govt of India in conjunction with CPCB Guidelines for Water Quality Monitoring, 2007-08, shall be followed.
3.11.1 Reconnaissance Survey The objectives of water quality monitoring programme are identification of state and trends in water quality, both in terms of concentrations and effect. It is pertinent to make a reconnaissance survey of the river during the planning stage, noting all sources of wastes, all entering tributaries that might contribute a potential pollutant, and all uses and abstractions of the water. This action will also include a survey of background information such as geography, topography, climate and weather, hydrology, hydrogeology, land use, urbanization, industrialization and agriculture, including farming in the riverbed. The information required has been collected through primary surveys and secondary sources. Surface water sources and groundwater sources covering 10 km radial distance were identified for examining for physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters.
3.11.2 Selection Criteria for Water Sampling Location The selection of sites for water sampling has been done considering the location of different project components, junction of streams and river course, spots of high- water velocity and some of the stagnated pools along with the areas having human interference. Sampling stations should be located upstream and downstream of significant pollution outfalls like city sewage drains and industrial effluent outfalls. Drinking water intake points, bathing ghats, irrigation canal off-take points should be considered for monitoring. Additional downstream stations are necessary to assess the extent of the influence of an outfall and locate the point of recovery. Stations on both sides downstream are useful to make an estimate of the extent of the mixing zone. In case of groundwater sampling only tubewells, dugwell and handpumps which are in use should be selected. The sampling site selection is generally linked with water quality monitoring objectives. For example, if the monitoring is carried out for judging suitability of water
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for drinking water source, then the monitoring site should be closer to the intake point whereas for outdoor bathing it should be near bathing ghats. The usual purpose of a monitoring exercise is to determine the degree of man induced pollution, and the damage that is caused to aquatic life. The reference station serves to assess the situation with respect to background water quality and biological aspects, which may vary locally and regionally. Two sampling Location on Pond Near Kotwan village & near Kosi kalan (SW-1 & SW- 4), Two sampling Location on Ujina Diverson Drain (SW-5 & SW-6 )and Four Sampling Location of Sergarh Distributary & Gaunchhi Distributary (SW-7, SW-8 , SW-3, SW-4)in the study area were Selected.Thus, Eight surface water locations were selected. Eight ground water samples have also been collected. The location details of the surface and ground water monitoring stations is presented in Table 3.13 and shown in Figure 3.15 & Figure 3.16.
Table 3.12 Water Quality Sampling Stations
Aerial Distance Latitude S. No. Location (KM)and Direction Source /Longitude from site Ground Water Location Near Project 27°49'42.51"N, GW-1 Borewell Site 77°24'27.18"E 27°49'15.45"N, GW-2 Nabipur 0.89Km, SSE Borewell 77°24'48.87"E 27°50'24.26"N, GW-3 Kotwan 1.25Km, NNE Borewell 77°24'33.78"E 27°49'54.75"N, GW-4 Dhagaon 3.14Km, NW Borewell 77°22'30.26"E 27°49'54.47"N, GW-5 Kharot 4.05Km, E Borewell 77°26'59.63"E Kosi Kalyan 27°47'31.58"N, GW-6 4.64km, SSE Borewell Village 77°26'0.88"E 27°52'45.33"N, GW-7 Hodal Kosi 6.08Km, NNW Borewell 77°23'1.69"E Kosi Kalayan 27°46'34.94"N, GW-8 Industrial 6.57 km, SSE Borewell 77°26'31.12"E Area Surface Water Location Pond Near 27°50'16.02"N, SW-1 Kotwan 77°24'17.92"E Village 1.04Km, N Pond Down stream 27°49'3.23"N, SW-2 Gaunchhi 2.14km, SE Distributary 77°25'38.52"E Distributary Upstream 27°50'26.58"N, SW-3 Gaunchhi 2.46 Km, NE Distrubutary 77°25'45.83"E Distributary
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Aerial Distance Latitude S. No. Location (KM)and Direction Source /Longitude from site Pond Near 27°47'39.12"N, SW-4 Kosi Kalan 77°26'0.73"E 4.45Km, SSE Pond Down Stream Ujina 27°51'51.95"N, SW-5 4.59Km, NNW Drain Diverson 77°23'4.97"E Drain Upstream Ujina 27°52'17.50"N, SW-6 4.87Km N Drain Diverson 77°23'46.75"E Drain Upstream 27°51'5.21"N, SW-7 Sergarh 6.92 , ENE Distributary 77°28'26.69"E Distributary Down stream 27°49'18.80"N, SW-8 Sergarh 8.28Km, ESE Distributary 77°29'34.13"E Distributary
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Figure 3.15 : Location of Ground Water Sampling Stations
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Figure 3.16: Location of Surface Water Sampling Stations
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3.11.3 Sampling Frequency Grab samples of surface and ground water were collected and analyzed once during study period (Post Monsoon).
3.11.4 Sampling Technique Grab samples will be collected from well-mixed section of the river (main stream) 30 cm below the water surface. Samples from reservoir sites will be collected from the outgoing canal, power channel or water intake structure. DO is determined in a sample collected in a DO bottle using a DO sampler. The DO in the sample must be fixed immediately after collection, using chemical reagents. Weighted sample bottle should be used to collect sample from an open well about 30 cm below the surface of the water. Samples from the production tube wells will be collected after running the well for about 5 minutes. Some parameters like pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, conductivity and turbidity should be analyzed in situ. 3.11.4.1 Sample Preservation and Transport
Samples for BOD and bacteriological analyses should be stored at a temperature below 4oC and in the dark as soon as possible after sampling by placing them in an insulated cool box together with ice or cold packs. Samples collected for chemical oxygen demand (COD) should be preserved below pH 2 by addition of concentrated sulphuric acid. Samples which are to be analyzed for the presence of heavy metals, should be acidified to below pH 2 with concentrated nitric acid. Samples should be transported to concerned laboratory as soon as possible, preferably within 48 hours. Analysis of bacteriological samples should be started and analyzed within 24 hours of collection. If samples are being brought to the laboratory, they should be transported in less than 24 hours 3.11.4.2 Parameters considered for Analysis
In general list of parameters to be considered for analysis and frequency of sampling is provided in the “Protocol for Water Quality Monitoring” notified by Govt of India should be followed.
3.11.5 Water Quality Analysis The limnological parameters are recorded mainly following the standard methods described by Welch (1948), CSIR (1974). Mackereth et.al. (1978) and APHA, AWWA, WPCF (1995) as following: Table 3.13: Details of Parameters Instrumentation
S.No. Particulars Details 1 Ambient Temperature Digital thermometer (stainless steel Sensor probe) 2 Transparency Seehi dise method (Weleh 1948) 3 Water Velocity EMCON digi current meter 4 Turbidity Nephelometer 5 Total Dissolved Solids Titration method
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S.No. Particulars Details 6 pH Digi pH meter (HANNA) 7 Alkalinity, Acidity, Aquamerck / Aquaquant kits Chlorides, Si, Fe and Nutrients 8 Total Ca and Mg Titrametric methods (Natrajan and Jhingran Hardness – EDTA 1988) 9 Inorganic phosphates Colorimetric Methods 10 BOD Titration method 11 E-Coli and Total Macconkey broth Coliform
Table 3.14 : Test Methods used for Analysis
S.No. Parameters Test Method 1 pH value IS :3025(Pt-11)1983RA2017 2 Temperature IS: 3025(Pt-9) 3 Conductivity IS: 3025(Pt-14) 4 Turbidity IS: 3025(Pt-10)1984RA2017 5 Total Dissolved Solids IS : 3025(Pt-16)1984 RA 2017 6 Total Suspended solids IS-3025 (p-17) :1984 RA 2006
7 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) IS : 3025(Pt-21)2009R2014 8 Chlorides (as Cl) IS : 3025(Pt-32) 1988R2014
9 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 IS : 3025(Pt-23) 1986R2014
10 Sulphate (as SO4) IS : 3025(Pt-24) 1986R2014
11 Nitrate(as NO3) IS : 3025(Pt-34) 1988R2014 12 Fluoride (as F ) APHA 23rd Ed, 4500 F (D) 13 Iron (as Fe) APHA 23rd Ed, 3111 14 Zinc (as Zn) APHA 23rd Ed, 3111 15 Calcium (as Ca) IS : 3025(Pt-40) 1991R2014 16 Magnesium (as Mg2+) APHA 23rd Ed, 3500 Mg B 17 Sodium (as Na) APHA 23rd Ed, 3500 Na (B) 18 Potassium (as K) APHA 23rd Ed, 3500 K (B) 19 Cadmium (as Cd) APHA 23rd Ed, 3111
rd 20 Total Chromium (as Cr) APHA 23 Ed, 3111 21 Copper (as Cu) APHA 23rd Ed, 3111 22 Nickel (as Ni) APHA 23rd Ed, 3111 23 Lead (as Pb) APHA 23rd Ed, 3111 24 Mercury (as Hg) APHA 23rd Ed, 3112 25 Total arsenic (as As) APHA 23rd Ed, 3114
26 Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) IS : 3025(Pt-43) 1992R2014 27 Total Coliforms IS : 1622-2003 RA - 2009
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3.11.6 Water Quality Water sampling and analysis has been carried out through NABL accredited and MoEF recognized Laboratory to determine the existing baseline water quality around the project area. Sampling and analysis have been carried out following standard guidelines for physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters. The physical, chemical and biological analysis results of the water samples are presented in Table 3.15 and Table 3.16. Table 3.15 : Surface Water Standards as per IS: 2296-1982
S.No Test Unit As per As per As per As per As per . Parameter IS: IS: IS: IS: IS: s 2296 2296 2296 2296 2296 Class A Class B Class C Class Class (Clause (Clause (Clause D E 3.3) 3.3) 3.3) (Claus (Claus e 3.3) e 3.3) 1 Apparent Hazen 10 300 300 - - Colour units 2 Taste - Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeabl - - e e e 3 pH Value - 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5- 6.5- 8.5 8.5 4 Turbidity mg/l - - - - - 5 Electrical - - - 1000 2250 conductivit y 6 Total mg/l - - - - - Alkalinity 7 DO mg/l 6 5 4 4 - 8 BOD (27o mg/l 2 3 3 - - C for 3 days) 9 COD mg/l - - - - - 10 Total mg/l 500 - 1500 - 2100 Dissolved Solid 11 Total mg/l - - - - - Suspended Solids 12 Total mg/l 300 - - - - Hardness ( CaCO3) 13 Calcium mg/l 200 - - - - (as Ca) 14 Magnesiu mg/l 100 - - - - m (as Mg) 15 Fluorides mg/l 1.5 1.5 1.5 - - (F)
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S.No Test Unit As per As per As per As per As per . Parameter IS: IS: IS: IS: IS: s 2296 2296 2296 2296 2296 Class A Class B Class C Class Class (Clause (Clause (Clause D E 3.3) 3.3) 3.3) (Claus (Claus e 3.3) e 3.3) 16 Chlorides mg/l 250 - 600 - 600 (as Cl) 17 Chromium mg/l 0.05 1 0.05 - - (Cr+) 18 Cadmium mg/l 0.01 - 0.01 - - (Cd) 19 Iron (as mg/l 0.3 - 50 - - Fe) 20 Zinc (Zn) mg/l 15 - 15 - - 21 Copper mg/l 1.5 - 1.5 - - as(Cu) 22 Arsenic mg/l 0.05 0.2 0.2 - - (As) 23 Lead (Pb) mg/l 0.1 - 0.1 - - 24 Selenium mg/l 0.01 - 0.05 - - (Se) 25 Nitrates mg/l 20 - 50 - - (as NO3) 26 Sulphate mg/l 400 - 400 - - (as SO4) 27 Phenolic mg/l 0.002 0.005 0.005 - - Compound s 28 Pesticides mg/l Absent - Absent - - 29 Oil & mg/l - - 0.1 0.1 - Grease 30 Total Coli MPN/100 50 500 5000 - - form ml As per IS: 2296-1982, the tolerance limits of parameters are specified as per classified use of water depending on various uses of water. The following classifications have been adopted in India. Table 3.16 : Surface Water Quality Criteria as per CPCB (Interpretation)
Designated-Best- Class of Criteria Use Water Drinking Water A Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be Source without 50 or less conventional pH between 6.5 and 8.5 treatment but after Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg/l or more disinfection Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20°C 2mg/l or less Outdoor bathing B Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be (Organized) 500 or less;
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pH between 6.5 and 8.5; Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20°C 3mg/l or less Drinking water C Total Coliform Organism MPN/100ml shall be source after 5000 or less; conventional pH between 6 to 9; treatment and Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more disinfection Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20°C 3mg/l or less Propagation of Wild D pH between 6.5 to 8.5 life and Fisheries Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less Irrigation, E pH between 6.0 to 8.5 Industrial Cooling, Electrical Conductivity at 25°C micro mhos/cm Controlled Max.2250 Waste disposal Sodium absorption Ratio Max. 26 Boron Max. 2mg/l Below E Not Meeting A, B, C, D & E Criteria
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Table 3.17 : Surface Water Quality
S.No Parameters Unit SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 1 pH value - 8.14 7.78 7.82 7.92 7.47 7.56 7.07 7.03 2 Turbidity NTU 16 12 9 12 5 3 4 6 3 Conductivity uS/cm 4552 3140 3025 4426 5208 4320 3428 3214 4 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 2962 2027 1970 2872 3520 2750 2140 1965 5 Total Suspended solids mg/l 38 24 31 43 26 19 18 28 Total Hardness (as 6 mg/l 896 592 612 942 1380 976 536 570 CaCO3) 7 Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l 782 575 598 876 1095 835 640 612 Total Alkalinity as 8 mg/l 570 468 450 642 860 620 432 414 CaCO3
9 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 232 220 208 258 265 246 216 195
10 Nitrate(as NO3) mg/l 24 15 18 21 16 12 17 14 11 Fluoride (as F ) mg/l 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.6 12 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.35 0.25 0.29 0.31 0.25 0.18 0.22 0.21 13 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 0.64 0.47 0.41 0.69 0.48 0.35 0.49 0.53 14 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 215 152 158 228 314 218 124 135 15 Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l 98 51 52 89 143 103 54 56 16 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 17 Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 18 Nickel (as Ni) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 19 Lead (as Pb) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 20 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 21 Total arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 Phenolic Compounds 22 mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 (as C6H5OH) 23 Manganese as Mn mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
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24 Cyanide as CN mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 25 Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 26 Aluminum as Al mg/l <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 27 Oil & Grease mg/l <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 Chemical Oxygen 28 mg/l 28 28 32 36 10 8 12 8 Demand Bio- Chemical Oxygen 29 Demand as BOD (for 3 mg/l 5.1 5.1 5.6 5..2 <2 <2 2.2 <2 Days 27 ˚C) 30 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 4.8 4.8 4.6 5.9 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.8 2.7 x 4.5 x 4.8 x 5.6 x 3.3 x 2.9 x 2.3 x 31 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 3.1 x 103 104 103 103 103 103 103 103
3.11.6.1 Interpretation of Surface Water Quality
Table 3.17 shows the physico-chemical characteristics of surface water samples collected from pond near Pond Near Kotwan Village (SW1), Downstream Gaunchhi Distributary (SW2), Upstream Gaunchhi Distributary (SW3), Pond Near Kosi Kalan(SW4), Down Stream Ujina Diverson Drain(SW5), Upstream Ujina Diverson Drain (SW6), Upstream Sergarh Distributary (SW7) and Down stream Sergarh Distributary (SW8) during Post -Monsoon season and compared with the surface water quality standard (ISI-IS: 2296-1982) reference values.
The pH values of all analyzed samples ranged between 7.03 to 8.14 and are within the Class A limit (6.5-8.5).The TDS levels was observed to be 1965 to 3520 mg/l i.e. SW2,SW3 & SW8 falls under Class E limit of 2100 mg/l and other five location were found below the Class E. Total hardness levels ranged from 536 to 1380 mg/l were found below the Class A limit of 300 mg/l. The dissolved oxygen values were 4.6-6.8 mg/l i.e. SW1, SW2 & SW3 falls under Class B limit , SW4 falls under Class A and other Four samples falls beyond limit of Class A. The chlorides level in surface water samples were observed to be 575 mg/l- 1095 mg/l.i.e SW2 & SW3 falls under the Class C and other four samples falls beyond the limit of Class E.The sulphates level ranged from 195 to 265 mg/l and under the Class A limit of 400 mg/l. The nitrate level ranged between 12 to 24 mg/l i.e SW1
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& SW4 falls under Class “C” limit of 50 mg/l and other four samples fall under the Class A.The Total Coliform levels were observed to be 2.3 x 103 to 2.7 x104 MPN/100 ml SW2, SW3, SW4 , SW5,SW6, SW7 & SW8 was within the limits specified for Class C water i.e 5000 MPN/100 or less and SW-1 was fall below the Class E.
Comparing the values of pH, DO, BOD and Total Coliforms with ‘Use based classification of surface waters’ published by Central Pollution Control Board; it can be seen that the analyzed surface waters is moderately polluted and classified as “Class ‘C’” and can be used as Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection. Thus, all the analyzed parameters were within the limits specified for suitable for meeting “Drinking water requirement after conventional treatment and disinfection”.
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Table 3.18 : Ground Water Quality
Max Requirement Kosi as per Kosi Near Kalya (IS-10500-2012), Nabip Kotwa Dhagao Kharo Hoda Kalayan Parameters Unit Projec n Limit ur n n t l Kosi Industri t Site Villag Desirabl Permissib al Area e e le Physical Parameters No pH value - 6.5-8.5 7.59 6.87 8.14 7.58 7.16 6.95 7.52 7.77 Relaxation Color Hazen 5 15 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Conductivity uS/cm - - 2175 6082 6250 2510 3612 5672 3850 3295 Turbidity NTU 1 5 <1 <1 2 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Total Dissolved mg/l 500 2000 1375 3954 3985 1612 2298 3650 2482 2095 Solids Total Alkalinity as mg/l 200 600 390 612 560 370 728 494 514 462 CaCO3 Total Hardness (as mg/l 200 600 530 2672 2480 534 862 740 1050 510 CaCO3) Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 75 200 122 610 592 125 194 212 212 115 Magnesium (as mg/l 30 100 54 275 240 53 92 50 125 53 Mg2+) Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l 250 1000 410 1598 1650 462 610 1428 886 745 Fluoride (as F ) mg/l 1 1.5 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4
Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 200 400 86 284 294 175 256 210 115 124 No Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.14 0.21 0.24 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.12 0.15 Relaxation
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Max Requirement Kosi as per Kosi Near Kalya (IS-10500-2012), Nabip Kotwa Dhagao Kharo Hoda Kalayan Parameters Unit Projec n Limit ur n n t l Kosi Industri t Site Villag Desirabl Permissib al Area e e le No Nitrate(as NO ) mg/l 45 12 10 11 16 16 15 14 13 3 Relaxation Copper (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 1.5 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Boron (as B) mg/l 0.5 1 <0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Manganese(as Mn) mg/l 0.1 0.3 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Phenolic <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 Compounds (as mg/l 0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 1 1 1 1 C6H5OH) Aluminum (as Al) mg/l 0.03 0.2 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 5 15 0.27 0.56 0.51 0.32 0.36 0.26 0.29 0.24 No <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l 0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 Relaxation 3 3 3 3 No Cyanide (as CN ) mg/l 0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Relaxation No Lead (as Pb) mg/l 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Relaxation No <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Relaxation 1 1 1 1 Total Arsenic (as <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 mg/l 0.01 0.05 <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 <0.025 As) 5 5 5 5 Total Chromium (as No mg/l 0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Cr) Relaxation
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Max Requirement Kosi as per Kosi Near Kalya (IS-10500-2012), Nabip Kotwa Dhagao Kharo Hoda Kalayan Parameters Unit Projec n Limit ur n n t l Kosi Industri t Site Villag Desirabl Permissib al Area e e le Per100 Shall not be Absen Absen Absen Abse Total Coliform Absent Absent Absent Absent ml detectable t t t nt Per100 Shall not be Absen Absen Absen Abse E.Coli Absent Absent Absent Absent ml detectable t t t nt (SOURCE : Water Sample Analysis, EQMS) NOTE: ND-Not Detected, NR-No Relaxation; It is recommended that the acceptable limit is to be implemented. Values in excess of those mentioned under ‘acceptable’ render the water not suitable, but still may be tolerated in the absence of an alternative source but up to the limits indicated under ‘permissible limit in the absence of alternate source’ , above which the sources will have to be rejected.
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3.11.6.2 Interpretation of Ground Water Quality
Table 3.18 shows the physico - chemical characteristics of ground water samples collected from the selected location during Post Monsoon season (2020), as compared with the standard (IS 10500: 2012).
The analysis results indicate that the pH ranged between 6.87 to 8.14, which are well within the specified standard of 6.5 to 8.5 limit. Total hardness was recorded to range from 510 to 2672 mg/l, which is within the permissible limit 600 mg/l at all locations except the location SW2, SW3 , SW5, SW6 & SW7.The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentration recorded ranged between 1375 to 3985 mg/l and was within the permissible limits (2000 mg/l) at all locations except the location SW2, SW3, SW5 , SW6 , SW7 & SW8.Chlorides was recorded to range from 410 to 1650 mg/l, which is within the permissible limit 1000 mg/l at all locations except the location SW2, SW3 & SW6.Sulphates at all the locations were within the permissible limits (400 mg/l) as it ranged between 86 – 294 mg/l. Bacteriological studies reveal that no coliform bacterial are present in the samples.
The heavy metal contents were observed to be in below detectable limits. All physical and general parameters were observed within the permissible limit as per IS10500:2012 (Second Revision).
3.11.7 Water Quality Index WQI is defined as a rating reflecting the composite influence of different water quality parameters. WQI is calculated from the point of view of the suitability of water for human consumption. A quality rating scale (qi) for each parameter is assigned by dividing its concentration in each water sample by its respective standard according to the guidelines laid down in the BIS and the result multiply by 100. qi = (Ci/Si)x 100 Where qi is the quality rating, Ci is the concentration of each chemical parameter in each water sample in mg/l, and Si is the Indian drinking water standard for each chemical parameter in mg/l according to the guidelines. For computing the WQI, the SI is first determined for each chemical parameter, which is then used to determine the WQI as per the following equation SIi=Wi x qi QWI = ∑ SIi SIi is the sub-index of the ith parameter; qi is the rating based on concentration of ith parameter and n is the number of parameters. The computed WQI values are classified in to five types, “excellent water” to “water not suitable for drinking”. Table 3.19 : Water Quality Classification based on WQI Value
WQI value Water quality <50 Excellent 50-100 Good water
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100-200 Poor water 200-300 Very poor water >300 Water not suitable for drinking
3.11.7.1 Surface Water Quality Index
The Water Quality Index based on weighted average of 13 parameters (Total Hardness as CaCO3, Calcium, Alkalinity, Chloride, Magnesium, TDS, DO, Sulphate, Fluoride, pH, BOD, Iron, Nitrates) has been found to be poor to Very Poor at all locations as shown in Table 3.21:
Table 3.20 : Surface Water Quality Index
Season SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8
Oct-Dec 241.57 194.62 200.21 244.31 246.83 201.50 130.7024 151.5305 2020 Very Very Very Very Poor Poor Poor Poor Classification poor poor poor poor water water water water water water water water
3.11.7.2 Ground Water Quality Index
The Water Quality Index based on weighted average of 11 parameters (Total Hardness as CaCO3, Calcium, Alkalinity, Chloride, Magnesium, TDS, Sulphate, Fluoride, pH, Iron, Nitrates) has been found range between Good Water to Water not suitable for drinking as shown in Table 3.22.
Table 3.21 : Ground Water Quality Index
Season GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 oct-Dec-2020 100 329 321 115 158 193 171 126 Water not Water not Good suitable Poor Poor Poor Poor Poor Classification suitable for water for water water water water water drinking drinking
3.12 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Under the provisions of the Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, the CPCB has notified fourth version of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) in 2009. Ambient air is defined as any unconfined part of the Earth’s atmosphere, that the surrounding outdoor air in which humans and other organisms live and breathe.
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3.12.1 Climate and Meteorology The climate of the district is characterized by an intensely hot summer, a cold winter and general dryness throughout the year except during the south –west monsoon. Dust and thunderstorms also occur in the summer season while occasional fog occurs in the winter. Meteorological factors have a direct bearing on the dispersion and dilution of pollutants/contaminants, discharged into the atmosphere with consequent impact on air Environment. Micro-meteorological properties of the atmosphere govern the concentration of pollutants and its variations with time and location with respect to their sources. Meteorological information is required to understand the climatic profile of the area as well as for devising the baseline ambient air quality monitoring plans. The nearest IMD station is in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. The climatologically summary for station at Mathura is given in Table 3.22 and the interpretation of the data is given in sub sections. Climatological trend of the area is shown in Figure 3.16. Table 3.22 Climate Data of IMD, Mathura (1981-2010)
Cloud Predominant Rainy Relative Amounts Wind Days Temperature Humidity (All Cloud) Direction (°C) (%) (From) Rainfall Month Max Min 8:30 17:30 8:30 17:30 8:30 17:30 (mm) January 25.2 3.2 76 65 0.9 0.7 NW,SW NW,NE 10.4 0.9 February 29.5 4.4 70 59 1.2 0.8 NW,SE NW,NE 13.6 1.3 March 35.2 8.8 63 53 0.9 0.8 NW,SE NW,NE 6.8 1 April 41.7 13 56 48 0.6 0.5 NW,NE NW,NE 10.1 0.9 May 44.9 18.2 47 39 0.4 0.6 NW,NE NW,SE 17.8 1.5 June 45.4 21.8 49 43 1.2 1.2 NW,SE NW,SE 35..5 3 July 40.8 22.4 72 67 2.9 2.7 NW,SE NW,SE 164.7 9 August 38.3 22.9 76 72 2.5 2.3 NW,NE SE,SW 205.2 9.1 September 37.1 20.6 75 71 1.6 1.4 NW,NE NW,SE 105 4.9 October 36.8 14 67 63 0.5 0.4 NW,SE NW,SE 18 0.9 November 32.8 7.9 65 56 0.5 0.4 NW,SE NW,NE 3.9 0.3 December 27.5 4.5 72 60 0.8 0.7 NW,SE NW,NE 9 1.1 Annual 45.7 3.1 65 58 1.1 1 NW,NE NW,NE 600.1 33.9 Total / Mean {SOURCE: Indian Meteorological Department, Climatologically Tables (1981-2010)} Temperature–Annual Average mean minimum temperature varies from 3.2°C (Jan) to 22.9°C (August) while mean maximum temperature varies from 25.2°C (Jan) to 45.4°C (June). The highest monthly average temperature is 45.4°C in June where lowest monthly average temperature is 3.2°C in the month of January. January is the coldest month.
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Relative Humidity–Relative Humidity at 8:30 hr varies from 47% (May) to 76% (August) while at 17:30 hr it ranges from 39% (May) to 72% in (August). During the monsoon season relative humidity generally varies between 49% to 76% in the morning and 43% to 72% in the afternoon. Rainfall– The monsoon starts in the Last week of Month May and normally condition up to September and sometime extends up to middle of October, but the trend of maximum average rainfall recorded in the area identifies the period between June to September. Total annual mean rainfall was observed to be 600.1 mm. Highest monthly average rainfall is 205.2 mm in the month of August whereas lowest monthly average rainfall is 3.9 mm in November. Wind Direction–The wind pattern of the region shows that the predominant wind direction is NW for most of the months.
Climatological Trend (IMD Mathura 1981-2010) 80 60 40 20 0
Temperature (°C) Max Temperature (°C) Min Relative Humidity (%) 8:30 Relative Humidity (%) 17:30 Cloud Amounts (All Cloud) 8:30 Cloud Amounts (All Cloud) 17:30
Figure 3.16 : Climatological Trend
3.12.2 Regional Meteorology IMD, Mathura Secondary meteorological data has been collected from the nearest IMD station at Mathura,Uttar Pradesh. Summarized data for temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, rainy days and wind speed are given in Table 3.24. Comparison of 2020 Meteorological data with 30 years climatological data trend is shown in Figure 3.17. Table 3.23 : Meteorological Data, Mathura (2020)
Temperature Rainfall 0 Humidity Wind speed Month ( C) (%) (Km/h) Max Min Total(mm) Day January 20 11 62 18.9 8 8.7 February 26 14 45 2.1 2 9.9
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March 31 20 39 11.7 10 11.2 April 38 27 20 10.4 10 12.1 May 43 32 17 13.1 13 13.7 June 42 34 30 18.4 14 14 July 39 32 46 114.2 24 13 August 35 29 65 183 26 12.2 September 38 30 47 25.7 8 9.1 October 37 27 21 0 0 6.6 November 29 19 27 5 2 7.3 December 29 19 35 0.2 1 7.9 (Source: https://www.worldweatheronline.com/) Temperature–The mean daily maximum temperature of 43° C (May) while mean daily minimum temperature of 11° C (January). Relative Humidity–During the monsoon season highest relative humidity was observed to be 65%. Rainfall–The total annual rainfall is 402.7 mm. The maximum total monthly rainfall is 183 mm, which occurred in August and minimum monthly rainfall during monsoon is 0 mm which occurred in October.
Comparative Chart 250 200 150 100 50
0
July July July July
May May May May
March March March March
January January January January
November November November November
September September September September Min Temp Max Temp Relative humidity Rain Fall
Climatrology 2020 Met
Figure 3.17: Comparision of Climatology with Current Meteorology
The graph shows similar yearly trend with respect to seasonal variation in the climatic condition. However, Little bit decrease in the Rainfall is observed in the area compared to climatological average data.
3.12.3 Meteorology at Site Site Specific Meteorology data was collected for month of October 2020 to December 2020. The parameters monitored at the meteorological station were temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall. The data recorded at the
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site was also validated by secondary meteorological data for Mathura, Uttar Pradesh IMD. Data recorded is summarized in Table 3.24. Comparative chart showing the comparison between site specific data, IMD Mathura and Climatological data is as shown in Figure 3.20. Windrose diagram and wind class frequency distribution for the Winter season is given in Figure 3.18 and Figure 3.19. Table 3.24 Summary of Site-specific Meteorological Data
Parameter Oct-2020 Nov-2020 Dec-2020 Max 40 36 30 Temperature (oC) Min 22 16 7 Avg 31.35 23.57 18.89 Max 54 81 88 Relative Humidity Min 10 8 16 (%) Avg 21.53 27.40 34.76 Wind Speed (m/s) Avg 2.01 Predominant Wind (from) NW Direction
Calm Period % 1
Figure 3.18 : Site-specific Windrose Diagram (Post Monsoon Season)
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Figure 3.19 : Wind Class Frequency Distribution of Project Site
Comparison of Primary and Secondary Meteorological 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Oct Nov Dec Oct Nov Dec Oct Nov Dec Min Temp Max Temp Relative humidity
Climatrology 2020 Site Visit
Figure 3.20 : Comparision of Site Specific Data with Secondary Meteorological Data
The graph shows similar trend between 2020 Met. Data of IMD Mathura and site- specific Met data collected. However, variation from climatological data with respect to Temperature & Relative Humidity is observed.
3.12.4 Ambient Air Quality Air pollution can cause significant effects on the environment and subsequently on human, animals, vegetation and materials. In most cases, air pollution aggravates pre-existing diseases or degrades health status, making people easily susceptible to other infections and development of chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Further, environmental impacts from air pollution can include acidic deposition and reduction in visibility.
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The objective of the study is to analyze the existing ambient air quality within the study area and compare it with the NAAQ standards specified by CPCB to know about the pollution status of air in and around the project area. To quantify the impact of the construction activities on the ambient air quality at the construction site and its surrounding area, it is necessary to evaluate the existing ambient air quality in those areas.
3.12.5 Causes Attributing to Air Pollution in and around Project Area The proposed project is a Greenfield project, there would be few causes that would be responsible for air pollution from the project site like activities like excavation, drilling etc. during construction phase and emissions from boiler, DG sets etc. and process emissions during operation phase. However, the existing causes of air pollution around project area are due to industrial activities due to nearby industries, dust arising from unpaved village roads and vehicular movement in nearby Highway i.e NH-2. List of major industries located within 10km radius of project have been mentioned below: Table 3.25 List of Major Industries in 10 km radius
Distance & Direction S.No. Name of Industry Type of Industry from Project Site Singhal Sintered Private Engineering 1 1.01 km, SE Limited Components Chemester Food Industry 2 Food stuffs 1.12km, NE Pvt Ltd Eddy Electro Mech Industrial 3 1.57 km, SSE Private Limited Equipment Supplier Polyester 4 Vacmet India Limited 1.62 km, SSE Manufacturing Gulab Chand Jain Chemical 5 1.65Km, SE Chemical Industries Manufacture 6 GTM Industries pvt ltd Texttile mill 1.76Km, SE Factory Equipment 7 Satya Processors 5.07km, SSE Supplier 8 Spark Alloy Industries Alloy Manufacturing 5.37 km, SSE Mahalakshmi Engineers Machinery Parts 9 5.39 km, SSE and Traders Manufacturer
Appropriate control measures like caustic scrubbers, cyclone with filter bags, regular water sprinkling etc. would be done to minimize the effect due to the air pollution in and around the project site.
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3.12.6 Rationale for Selecting Monitoring Station The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been established through a scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network and was based on the following considerations: • Meteorological conditions; • Topography of the study area. • Representatives of regional background air quality. • Representatives of likely impact areas within the study area; and • Location of residential areas representing different activities. Eight sampling stations located within 10.0 km of the site were considered to provide the surrounding baseline air quality. For the selection of the monitoring locations, long-term meteorological trends were taken into consideration to obtain the predominant wind direction during the sampling period. The monitoring station were selected keeping in view the sites like High density Residential area near industry in upwind of the site and downwind of the site to understand the impact of the proposed project in the downwind direction compared to upwind polluting load from the industrial and other sources. Eight monitoring location were selected (AAQ-3) & (AAQ-7) in upwind direction and (AAQ-2), (AAQ-4) & (AAQ-6) was in downwind direction, (AAQ-5, AAQ-8) in crosswind direction. The ambient air quality monitoring locations are detailed in Table 3.26 and shown in Figure 3.21. Table 3.26 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Location Location Distance & Environmental Co-ordinate Code Name direction Setting
27°49'42.51"N, AAQ-1 Project Site - Industrial Area 77°24'27.18"E 27°49'9.61"N, AAQ-2 Nabipur 1.23 Km, SSE Industrial Area 77°25'1.25"E 27°50'49.65"N, AAQ-3 Umrala 3.06Km, NW Residential Area 77°23'4.39"E Hasanpur 27°48'46.71"N, AAQ-4 3.22Km, SE Residential Area Nagla 77°26'13.69"E 27°47'35.21"N, AAQ-5 Hulwana 6.27Km, SW Residential Area 77°21'24.04"E Kosi Kalan 27°46'43.37"N, AAQ-6 Industrial 6.30Km, SSE Industrial Area 77°26'28.54"E Area 27°53'26.79"N, Urbanization AAQ-7 Hodal 7.60 Km,NNW 77°22'25.52"E Area 27°52'27.95"N, AAQ-8 Baraka 7.62 Km,NE Residential Area 77°27'58.00"E
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Figure 3.21 : Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
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Table 3.27 Summary of Ambient Air Quality
PM10 (µg/m3) PM2.5 (µg/m3) SO2 (µg/m3) NAAQS level- 100 µg/m3 NAAQS level- 60 µg/m3 NAAQS level- 80 µg/m3 Location 98 Min Max Mean 98 %tile Min Max Mean Min Max Mean 98 %tile %tile Project Site 74 96 86 96 37 54 45 54 9.2 17.3 15.4 17.3 Nabipur 82 135 107 130 39 66 50 63 7.9 13.1 10.5 12.7949 Umrala 67 91 76 90 38 53 43 52 6.4 11.7 9.2 11.332 Hasanpur 64 87 73 87 27 49 40 49 6.8 10.4 8.4 10.4 Nagla Hulwana 57 96 75 94 24 48 35 46 6.1 10.9 7.8 10.505 Kosi Kalan Industrial 93 121 109 121 52 68 58 68 9.9 23.0 15.7 21.7152 Area Hodal 52 88 74 88 27 49 35 48 7.3 10.9 8.8 10.914 Baraka 56 89 72 89 24 46 35 46 7.1 11.6 9.1 11.481 NO2 (µg/m3) CO NH3 HC VOC NAAQS level- 80 µg/m3 4 mg/m3 (µg/m3) (ppm) (ppm) Location 98 Min Max Mean Min Max Mean 98 %tile %tile Project 21.8 37.8 35.3 37.6 0.74 1.38 1.02 1.38 <20 <0.1 <0.1 Site Nabipur 17.3 28.1 22.9 27.4 0.51 0.82 0.68 0.81 <20 <0.1 <0.1 Umrala 13.9 24.0 18.8 23.6 0.48 0.95 0.72 0.92 <20 <0.1 <0.1 Hasanpur 17.8 25.4 21.0 25.0 0.41 0.75 0.58 0.75 <20 <0.1 <0.1 Nagla Hulwana 13.8 25.8 19.5 25.5 0.35 0.73 0.59 0.73 <20 <0.1 <0.1 Kosi Kalan Industrial 24.8 43.7 32.6 42.3 0.90 1.27 1.10 1.26 <20 <0.1 <0.1 Area Hodal 18.1 26.2 22.1 25.6 0.38 0.77 0.59 0.76 <20 <0.1 <0.1 Baraka 12.7 25.2 19.2 24.4 0.42 0.66 0.55 0.65 <20 <0.1 <0.1
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3.12.7 Methodology and Guidelines for Air Ambient Quality Analysis The ambient air quality monitoring for pollutants was done by following Guidelines for Manual Sampling and Analyses (Volume-1) issued by CPCB in May,2011. Sampling methodology is as mentioned in Table 3.28. The ambient air quality monitoring during post-monsoon,2020 was conducted, on 24- hourly twice a week basis for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx , NH3, CO (1 hr) ,VOC and HC for a seasons, by the EIA consultant through NABL accredited Laboratory. Table 3.28 Sampling Methodology
Sampling Standard Sample Collection Sample Parameters referred Analysis Sampling Analytical Methodology Equipment Equipment
PM10 IS 5182-Part 23 Respirable Dust Electronic Gravimetric Sampler Balance method
PM2.5 -- Fine Dust Sampler Electronic Gravimetric Balance method
SO2 IS 5182 -Part 2 RDS with impinger Spectrophot Improved West & ometer Gaeke Method NOx IS 5182 -Part 6 RDS with impinger Spectrophot Na- Arsenite ometer Method CO IS 5182 -Part 10 Tadler bag GC-FID Chromatography
NH3 APHA 401 RDS with impinger Spectrophot Indophenol Blue ometer method/ Spectrophotometr y HC IS 5182 -Part 17 Tadler bag Gas Chromatography chromatogra ph VOC IS 5182 -Part 11 Tadler bag GC-FID Chromatography
3.12.8 Ambient Air Monitoring Results Details of the air pollutants, its sources and their effect on humans is as shown in Table 3.29. Summary results of ambient air quality monitoring data are shown in Table 3.27.
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Table 3.29 : Air Pollutants, Their Sources and Their Effects on Humans
Pollutant Sources Effects
Particulate Matter Road dust re-suspension, • Cardiovascular and (PM10& PM2.5) Vehicles, industrial respiratory diseases emissions, domestic fuel • Acute Lower Respiratory burning etc. Infection
Sulfur-di-oxide • Burning of sulfur • Affects respiratory system and (SO2) containing fuel like coal, lung function, cough, mucus diesel, etc secretion, asthma and chronic • Extraction of metals bronchitis from sulfide ores; • Causes acid rain • Paper industries;
Oxides of Nitrogen • Combustion processes • Inflammation of the (NOx) (heating, power respiratory airway generation, and • Decrease lung function, vehicles) increase the risk of respiratory • Paper Industries; conditions and increases the • Smelting of metals; response to allergens. • Petroleum refineries • Ground level ozone formation, • Causes acid rain Carbon Monoxide Incomplete fuel • Reduces the oxygen carrying (CO) combustion capacity of blood, (as in motor vehicles) • Causes headaches, nausea, and dizziness
Ammonia (NH3) • Agriculture (animal • Nasal and eye irritation; husbandry & fertilizer respiratory tract irritation; and application) increased respiratory depth. • Volatilization from land • Add to the level of PM2.5 and oceans [conversion to NH4+ aerosol) • Industrial processes which has longer atmospheric (including fugitive residence times (days) than the emissions) gaseous (hours] especially • Vehicular emission affecting human health
Volatile Organic • Vehicular emission • VOCs are irritant to Compounds • Chemical respiratory system (VOC) industries/pharma • VOCs are carcinogenic industries where solvents are used
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3.12.9 Category of Air Quality Index An air quality index is defined as an overall scheme that transforms the weighed values of individual air pollution related parameters (for example, pollutant concentrations) into a single number or set of numbers (Ott, 1978). The objective of an AQI is to quickly disseminate air quality information (almost in real-time) that entails the system to account for pollutants which have short-term impacts. It is equally important that most of these pollutants are measured continuously through an online monitoring network. Since in present case air quality has been monitored manually on 24- hourly twice a week basis for one season, real- time air quality information is not possible. However, the data collected over a season can significantly describe the category of air quality in corresponding period of time. The AQI Category for each of monitoring station has been found to be Satisfactory to Moderate. (Table 3.30).
Table 3.30 : AQI Category for Monitoring Station
Monitoring Station AQI AQI Category AAQ-1 86 Satisfactory AAQ-2 105 Moderate AAQ-3 76 Satisfactory AAQ-4 73 Satisfactory AAQ-5 75 Satisfactory AAQ-6 106 Moderate AAQ-7 74 Satisfactory AAQ-8 72 Satisfactory
Table 3.31 : AQI Category Index
Good Minimal Impact Poor Breathing discomfort to people (0–50) (201– on prolonged exposure 300). Satisfactory Minor breathing Very Poor Respiratory illness to the (51–100) discomfort to sensitive (301–400) people on prolonged exposure people Moderate Breathing discomfort to Severe Respiratory effects even on (101–200) the people with lung, (>401) healthy people heart disease, children and older adults Source : app.cpcbccr.com › ccr_docs › AQI -Calculator
3.12.10 Interpretation of Results The monitoring results of ambient air quality were compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) prescribed by MoEF; GoI Notification dated 16.11.2009.
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The maximum concentration of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO, NH3, HC & VOC was 135 µg/m3, 68 µg/m3,23.0 µg/m3, 43.7 µg/m3 ,1.38 mg/m3, <20 µg/m3, <0.1 ppm & <0.1 ppm respectively.
3 3 Particulate Matter (PM10): The PM10 values ranges from 52 µg/m to 135 µg/m in 3 the study area. The maximum PM10 values i.e. 135 µg/m were observed to be at Nabipur (AAQ-2) located at distance of 1.23 km-SSE in downwind direction (Industrial area) and minimum i.e 52 µg/m3 was observed at Hodal (AAQ 7) at distance of 7.6 km- NNW in residential in the crosswind direction. The results show the values exceeds the NAAQS limit at Nabipur and Kosi kalan industrial Area. The highest pollution levels are observed in Nabipur (AAQ-2) and Kosi Kalan Industrial Area (AAQ-6) . In Nabipur value were observed to be on higher side due to tyre burning activities observed in the various industries located in the Nabipur industrial area and in Kosi Kalan Industrial Area (AAQ-6) high value are observed due to Industrial activities & vehicular traffic emission in nearby highway SH-44.
3 3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5): The PM2.5 values ranges from 24 µg/m to 68 µg/m in 3 the study area. The Maximum PM2.5 values i.e. 68 µg/m were observed to be at Kosi Kalan Industrail Area (AAQ-6) and minimum i.e. 24 µg/m3 was observed to be at Hulwana (AAQ-5, 6.27km, SW) & Baraka (AAQ-8. 7.62 km, NE) under residential area in crosswind direction. The results show the values exceeds the NAAQS limit at Nabipur and Kosi kalan industrial Area. The highest pollution levels are observed in the Nabipur (AAQ-2) & Kosi Kalan Industrial Area (AAQ-6). In Nabipur value were observed to be on higher side due to tyre burning activities observed in the various industries located in the Nabipur industrial area and in Kosi Kalan Industrial Area (AAQ-6) high value are observed due to Industrial activities & vehicular traffic emission in nearby highway SH-44
3 3 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2): The SO2 values ranges from 6.1 µg/m to 23.0 µg/m in the 3 study area. The maximum SO2 values i.e., 23.0 µg/m were observed to be at Kosi Kalan Industrial Area (AAQ-6) located at distance of 6.30 km-SSE in downwind
direction (industrial area) and the minimum SO2 values were observed to be at Hulwana (AAQ-5) located at distance 6.27km-SW in down-crosswind direction. The results show the values were within the NAAQS permissible limit (80 µg/m3). The sources of the higher concentration in the area might be vehicular traffic emission in nearby highway SH-44 & industrial activities in area to some extent. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx): The NOx values range from 12.7 µg/m3-43.7 µg/m3 in the study area. The maximum NOx values i.e. 43.7 µg/m3 were observed to be at Kosi Kalan Industrial Area (AAQ-6) located at distance of 6.30 km, SSE in downwind direction (industrial area) and minimum values i.e. 12.7 µg/m3 were observed to be at Baraka (AAQ-8) located at distance of 7.62 km, NE in residential in crosswind direction. The results show the values were within the NAAQS permissible limit (80 µg/m3) and the higher pollution levels are observed in the industrial Area due to nearest industrial activity & vehicular traffic emission in nearby highway SH-44 to some extent.
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CO: The CO values ranges from 0.35 mg/m3-1.38 mg/m3 in the study area. The maximum CO values i.e. 1.38 µg/m3 were observed to be at Project Site (AAQ-1) and minimum values i.e. 0.35 µg/m3 was observed to be at Hulwana (AAQ-5 ; 6.27 km,SW) which is a residential area. The results show the values were within the NAAQS permissible limit (4mg/m3). The sources of the higher concentration in the area might be due vehicular traffic emission in nearby Highway NH-2. The Ammonia (NH3), HC & VOC values was <20 µg/m3, <0.1 ppm & <0.1 ppm respectively observed in the study area.
3.12.11 Inference from Results
The 98%tile of PM10 & PM2.5 are observed to be within the limits except the location AQ- 2 & AQ-6 and for other all pollutant parameter , values are observed to be within the limits of standards prescribed by NAAQS, 2009. The graph Figure 3.22 below shows the comparison of upwind location with downwind location baseline 98%tile concentrations of the monitored pollutant. The major source of pollution in the area is observed due to tyre burning activity in the nabipur industrial area, unpaved roads, ongoing construction activity in the area, urbanization, vehicular traffic emissions and industrial activities. On the criteria of AQI the AQI Category for each of monitoring station has been found Satisfactory to Moderate for all locations. Concentration of pollutants was within the limits of standards prescribed by NAAQS, 2009.
Figure 3.22 : Baseline Comparative Chart
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3.13 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Ambient Noise Level monitoring is one of the essential components of EIA study. Such assessment helps in evaluating the existing noise levels and suggesting appropriate mitigation measures to minimize the potential impact from proposed development in the projects.
3.13.1 Attributing to Noise Pollution in and around Project Area The existing causes of ambient noise in and around project area are due to community sources, construction activities, vehicular movement and industrial activities. The proposed project will be established keeping in consideration of norms in accordance to CPCB.
3.13.2 Methodology The noise monitoring shall be done following CPCB protocol of Noise Monitoring, July 2015, which inter alia include the following cardinal principles: • The Noise measurements shall be made with a Type 1 integrating sound level meter. The station should be located at the ambient level i.e. away from the direct source, away from any vibration and any obstruction. • Microphone must be placed 1.2 -1.5m above the ground level. • The instrument should be isolated from strong vibration and shock. • The monitoring should be carried out minimum 75% of the prescribed Day time (06.00 am to 22.00 pm) and Night time (22.00 pm to 06.00 am). • During ambient noise monitoring sound comes from more than one direction, it is important to choose a microphone and mounting which gives the best possible omni directional characteristics. • Noise measurements should not be made in fog and rain. • A wind shield will be used at all times to prevent interference of reflecting noise.
Noise after a certain level can have a very disturbing effect on the people and animals exposed to it. Hence, it is important to assess the present noise quality of the area to predict the potential impact of future noise levels due to the proposed project. 3.13.3 Selection Criteria for Noise Monitoring Location An assessment of baseline noise quality was undertaken to (a) Establish the status of exposure of the major sensitive receptors, and (b) To identify the noise pollution levels in and around the site. The baseline study for noise levels in the study area has been carried out by selecting a noise monitoring station based on the following criteria • Environmental setting of the area. • Source of the noise. • Proximity of the noise generating source to the human settlements. Based on the above, noise monitoring was carried out at Eight monitoring location. Details of the Monitoring location and map showing the location in the study area is as shown in Table 3.32 and Figure 3.23 respectively.
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Table 3.32 : Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Locations
Aerial Distance Location Latitude (km)and Environmental Location Code /Longitude Direction from Setting site
N1 27°49'42.51"N, Industrial Project Site 77°24'27.18"E - 27°49'9.61"N, N2 Nabipur 77°25'1.25"E 1.23Km, SSE Industrial 27°50'49.65"N, N3 Umrala 77°23'4.39"E 3.05Km, NW Residential Hasanpur 27°48'46.71"N, N4 Nagla 77°26'13.69"E 3.22Km, SE Residential 27°47'35.21"N, N5 Hulwana 77°21'24.04"E 6.27Km,SSW Residential Kosi Kalan N6 Industrial 27°46'43.37"N, Area 77°26'28.54"E 6.30Km, SSE Industrial 27°52'27.95"N, N7 Baraka 77°27'58.00"E 7.62Km,NE Residential 27°53'26.79"N, Commercial/ N8 NH-2 77°22'25.52"E 7.65km,NNW Mixed use area
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Figure 3.23: Location of Ambient Noise Quality Monitoring Stations
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3.13.4 Results and Conclusion Location wise result for daytime and night time Leq is presented in Table 3.33. Table 3.33 Ambient Noise Quality in the Study Area
National National Night Standard Location Surveyed Present Day Time Standard Time Leq Night Code Location Category Leq dB(A) Day Time dB(A) Time Leq Leq dB(A) dB(A) N1 Project Site Industrial 56.2 44.8 75 70 N2 Nabipur Industrial 58.2 47.6 75 70 N3 Umrala Residential 55.2 41.5 55 45 Hasanpur N4 Residential 56.2 45.2 55 45 Nagla N5 Hulwana Residential 52.4 39.6 55 45 Kosi Kalan N6 Industrial 63.7 54.1 75 70 Industrial Area N7 Baraka Residential 52.8 40.1 55 45 Commercial/ N8 NH-2 Mixed use area 60.9 52.4 65 55
3.13.5 Interpretation The noise level at Umrala & Hasanpur Nagla location was observed to be marginally exceeding the ambient CPCB noise limit. The major source of the noise in the Umrala is due to community activity and nearest road which is directly connected with NH2 and in the Hasanpur Nagla is due to community activity in residential Area, Railway Line & NH-2 and for all other location of the study area it is found within the prescribed National Ambient Noise Quality Standards.
3.14 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY
The Botanical and wildlife species in an area depend on the availability of suitable habitat for survival. Habitat loss and increasing habitat fragmentation are the primary causes of species decline in these environments. Present study has been carried out to inventorise the biodiversity existed in and around the study area and to evaluate the possible impacts on biodiversity during construction and operation phases of proposed Industrial Area. This section provides an overview of flora and fauna observed in study area during site visit. The baseline ecological surveys were carried out, based on various secondary sources (Forest Department Data, Scientific Studies etc.) which further validated from various primary surveys, and also through interviewing local people. Present biological studies were carried out in two zones: core zone (project area) and buffer zone (10 km surrounding the core area).
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3.14.1 Methodology The baseline study for existing ecological environment was carried out during October -2020 to December -2020. Field sampling efforts covered the proposed project site and its area of influence. One season field survey was conducted for vegetation, and wildlife. In addition, public consultations were also done in the communities around the site. A phased and consultative approach was followed to carry out ecological assessment. Successive phases of the assessment include (i) Secondary data collection through desktop review of available literature and (ii) Onsite data collection for determining vegetation and wildlife in the study area & Reconnaissance survey (iii) Public consultation. Secondary Data Collection: An extensive desktop review of available published literature (books, websites, scientific papers, articles etc.) was conducted. The Forest Working Plans of Forest Divisions was also referred for secondary information. Additional information was sourced from the project proponent, governmental institutions and local residents of the survey-area. Literature was sourced from the govt. source like Forest department, MOEF&CC, IUCN and other related departments. Additional data sources include published articles in journals, gazettes, and technical reports, maps, internet, amongst others. The secondary data was appropriately supplemented by a field survey for primary data collection. Primary Data Collection & Reconnaissance survey: There is no major forest present within the study area (10 km area around project site) hence no phytosocial study was conducted for tree vegetation. To know the vegetation pattern in study area vegetation transects walk were conducted at different locations. At each vegetation sampling point, the floral diversity and population density of key economic species composition were obtained using 50 m transects walk at different sampling points. Sampling points were randomly selected at 10 different locations in the study area. Samples of plants that could not be identified in the field were collected, pressed and carried to the herbarium for further identification. The health status of the vegetation was visually determined. Wildlife observations were conducted during the day and at night to cover for diurnal and nocturnal animals. Binoculars were used to enable the study of birds and other far distant animals. Public consultation: Beside above local people were also consulted during the site survey. Literature review and gathering publicly available data: The literature review encompassed background information on the Flora and fauna of the area including recent environmental studies.
3.14.2 Flora Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project is located at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. As the site is in UPSIDC industrial are and no trees are present within the proposed project area. However, few seasonal herbs required to be uprooted for construction of proposed project.
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Most of the land around the study area (10 km radius around the project site) is under agriculture and residential uses. No national parks, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve is present within 10 km area of the project site. No Reserve Forest and protected forests are present within the study area. Because there is no forest in the study area and the vegetation is restricted along roadside and other open areas along the agriculture feilds. Flora in Core Zone: No major vegetation is present in the core zone. The vegetation is mainly in the form of greenbelt plantation along roadside within the industrial area. Trees species observed in core zone include Acacia nilotica, Acacia arabica, Ailanthus excels, Ficus religiosa, Acacia catechu, Dalbergia sisoo, Azadirachta indica, Delonix regia and Magnolia champaca. The herbs and shrubs includes Calotropis gigantea, Tribulus terrestris, Parthenium hysterophorus, Sida cordifolia, Canabis sativa and Dhatura metel were observed in the core zone. Among the grasses species Cynodon dactylon and Saccharum munja observed in the core zone. Flora of Buffer zone (10 km area) There is a small forest patch i.e Kotban Reserve forest located about 0.22 km west of the project site. This is a degraded forest. Beside this a small unclassified forest patch is located about 5.0 km NE of the project site. The vegetation is meager in spite of the favorable environmental conditions. Due to Industrialization as well as agriculture activities there is very less green area remains in the study area. The vegetation is mainly restricted along the roadside and agriculture fields boundary only. The general appearance of the vegetation is entirely dominated by one species i.e. Acacia nilotica. Its main associates are Prosopis cineraria, Acacia leucophloea, Ailanthus excels, Senegalia catechu Ficus religiosa, Ficus bengalensis, Delonix regia, Casia fistula, Azadirachta indica and Delbergia sisoo etc. Ground vegetation covered by dominant shrubs and herbs is Zyziphus mauritiana, Argemone mexicana, Solanum surattense, Xanthium strumarium, Ipomea cornia, Ipomea fistulosa, Dhatura metal, Calotropis procera, Sida cordifolia, Canabis sativa, Chenopodium album, Cyanodon dactylon, Parthenium hysterophorus, and Helienthus annum. The comprehensive list of the plant species (tree, shrubs, herbs, climbers and grasses) observed in the study area is given Table 3.34. Table 3.34 List of Common Plant Species Present in Study Area
Sr. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family A Trees 1. Acacia arabica Babul Mimosaceae 2. Acacia nilotica Babul Mimosaceae 3. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae 4. Ailanthus excelsa Mahaneem Simarubaceae 5. Albizza lebbeek Siris Mimosaceae 6. Albizza procera Asfed siris Mimosaceae 7. Azadiracta indica Neem Meliaceae
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Sr. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family 8. Bauhinia varigata Kachnar Leguminoseae 9. Cassia fistula Amaltas Leguminoseae 10. Dalbergia latifolia Shisham Fabaceae 11. Dalbergia sissoo Sissoo Fabaceae 12. Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae 13. Emblica officinalis Aonla Euphorbiaceae 14. Ficus bengalensis Bar Moraceae 15. Ficus glomarata Gular Moraceae 16. Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae 17. Prosopis Cineraria Vilayati babool Mimosacceae 18. Pongamia pinnata Venl Karanj Fabaceae 19. Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae 20. Terminalia indica Imli Combretaceae 21. Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae 22. Zizyphus mauratiana Ber Rhamnaceae B Shrubs 1. Calotropis procera Ak Asclepediaceae 2. Murraya Koenigii Mithaneem Rutaceae 3. Ipomea spp. Besharm Convolvulaceae 4. Lantana camara Raimunia Verbenaceae 5. Nyctanthes arbortristis Harsingar Oleaceae 6. Sida cardifolia Mamas Malvaceae 7. Vitex negundo Nirgudi Verbenaceae 8. Dhatura metel Dhatura Solanaceae
C Herbs 1. Argemone Mexicana Pilikateri Papaveraceae 2. Cassia tora Puar Caesalpiniaceae 3. Chenopodium album Bathua Amaranthaceae 4. Euphorbia hirta Dudhi Euphorbiaceae 5. Indigofera caerulea - Fabaceae 6. Ocimum santum Tulsi Lamiaceae 7. Parthenium hysterophorus Gajarghas Asteraceae 8. Sida acuta Mahabala Malvaceae 9. Sida cordifolia Bala Malvaceae 10. Solanum surattense Bhatkataiya Solanaceae
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Sr. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family 11. Tridax procumbens Ghamra Asteraceae 12. Triumfetta pentandra - Tiliaceae 13. Vernonia cinerea Sahdevi Asteraceae 14. Xanthium strumarium Gokharu Solanaceae 15. Amaranthus spinosus Jangli cahulai Amaranthaceae D Grasses & other 1. Cenchrus ciliaris - Poaceae 2. Cenchrus satiger - Colubridae 3. Cynodon dactylon Dub Poaceae 4. Saccharum munja Munja Gramineae 5. Aristida funiculata Lapusari Poaceae
Plants of Ethno botanical/medicinal Importance Ayurveda says,“There is no plant on the earth, which does not possess medicinal property”, this means that each plant is equally important for its biological activities, ecology and environment. The conservation of medicinal plants means every species of plants in its natural habitat should be protected and preserved. Conservation of invaluable biodiversity is a national and international agenda. Because of continuous exploitation of medicinal plants from their natural habitats, it is required to replant and regenerate them in other areas having similar habitat or environment. Due to over exploitation of natural resources many plant species have become extinct from the world. People living in the study area of this project use number of plants for medicinal/ethno-botanical purposes. Various plant species are being utilized in day to day life of local inhabitants and some of them have great economic importance. During present study knowledgeable and elderly persons of study area villages were interviewed and information on plant parts (bark, seed, leaf, root, and fruit) used and indigenous knowledge was gathered. People use these locally available plant species internally for treating diarrhea, dysentery, cough, cold, fever and asthma and externally for rheumatism, skin diseases, cuts, boils and injuries. A list of medicinal plants located in the project study area is given in Table 3.35 Table 3.35 List of Plant species used for Plantation in Study area
S.N Name Family Medicinal Use
Trees 1. Aegle marmelos Rutaceae • Antidiuratic, antithetmintic, antipyretic, carminative tonic
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S.N Name Family Medicinal Use
• Fruit used in chronic diarrhoea & dysentery 2. Azadirachta Meliaceae • Oil extracted from seed as indica local stimulant, insecticide and antiseptic 3. Emblica Euphorbiaceae • Fruit powder coolant and offcinalis laxative • Rich source of vitamin C 4. Mangifera Anacardiaceae • Controls stomach pain, indica diarrhea, urine sugar 5. Pongamia Fabaceae • Seeds are externally used for pinnata skin diseases, leucoderma, rheumatism • Powdered seeds are expectorant in bronchitis and whooping cough 6. Syzygium Mystaceae • Stem bark is used to treat cumini sore throat, bronchitis, ulcer, dysentery • Seed powder for diabetes Shrubs 7. Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae • In pharmacy, used in preparing emulsions, tablets, pills etc. 8. Calatropis Asclepiadaceae • Root bark used for leprosy procera 9. Lantana camara Verbenaceae • Useful as an antiseptic for wounds 10. Vitex negundo Verbenaceae • Leaves are used in rheumatism • Dried leaves smoked for relief from headache Herbs 11. Argemone Papaveraceae • Latex is laxative and used in Mexicana cataract • Seed oil used in asthma 12. Euphorbia hirta Euphorbiaceae • Plant used to treat dysentery, cough, asthma, vomiting 13. Ocimum Lamiaceae • Leaf juice used in curing sanctum cold, bronchitis • Flower decoction in dyspepsia
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Rere/Endangered (RET) Plant In the study area, no rare and endangered plant species was observed (Source: Red Data Book of Indian Plants, N.P Nayar and A. P. K. Sastry, B.S.I. 1988).
3.14.3 Fauna Most of the land around the study area (10 km radius around the project site) is under agriculture and residential or commercial uses. No national parks, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve is present within 10 km area of the project site. No major forest areas present within the 10 km area of the project site. The information on fauna was collected by visual observations, random survey at different locations and discussion with the local people. The secondary data from different Govt. Sources and available literature was also referred in this study. The fauna study is carried for core zone as well as for buffer zone i.e. 10 km area around the project site, which is describes in following sections. Due to Industrialization as well as huge agriculture activities in the area very less green area remains in the study area. The wild fauna is restricted to commonly found wild fauna. Fauna in Core zone: Proposed plant site is located in industrial area and the land is already in possession of project proponent. No tree cutting is required. No tree/ vegetation is present within the core zone hence no wildlife exists within the core zone. However, the presence of commonly found reptiles and amphibian species has been reported by the local people. Common avifaunal species has also been observed in the core zone. A. Fauna in Buffer Zone: Wildlife in the study area is restricted to commonly found mammal species this is mainly due to the urbanisation and industrialization of the area. List of fauna found in buffer zone (10 km study area) is provided in Table 3.36. Mammals: No significant carnivorous and herbivorous wild animals are found in the area Blue bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus), Mongoose (Herpestes edwards) and Jungle Cat (Felis chaus) are the common mammals observed in the area. However, the presence of fox and hare has also been reported in the area by the villager during public consultation. List of mammals observed in the study area is provided in Table 3.36.
Amphibian & Reptiles (Herpetofauna) Frog, Indian bull frog, snake like Indian cobra (Naja naja); Dhaman (Lycodon aulicus), and \lizard are encountered at various places in study area (refer Table 3.37).
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Table 3.36: Mammalian Fauna reported in study area
S. Name Scientific Name Order Family Schedul No. e
1. Common Herpestes edwardsi Carnivora Herpestidae II Mangoose
2. Felidae Felis chaus Carnivora Felidae II 3. Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis Lagomorph Leporidae IV a
4. Blue bull Boselaphus Cetartiodac Bovidae III tragocamelus tyla
5. Five striped Funambulus Rodentia Sciuridae IV squirrel pennanti
6. Common House Rattus rattus Rodentia Muridae IV rat
7. Indian field Mus booduga Rodentia Muridae IV mouse
8. Common langur Presbytis entellus Primates Cercopithec II idae
H – Herbivorous, C – Carnivorous, O – Omnivorous
Table 3.37 Reptiles and Amphibian observed in Study Area
S. Common Vernacular Feeding Schedule Scientific Name Family N. Name Name Status Amphibians 1 Frog Rana tigrina - - C IV 2 Indian bull Hoplobatrachus - - C IV frog tigerinus Reptiles 3 Binocellate Naja naja Nag Elapidae C II cobra 4 Indian Bungarus - Elapidae C IV Krait coeruleus 5 Russell’s Vipera russellis - Crotalidae C II Viper
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S. Common Vernacular Feeding Schedule Scientific Name Family N. Name Name Status Amphibians 6 Rat snake Ptyas mucosus Dhaman Colubridae C II 7 Forest Calotes - Agamidae C II Lizard versicolor 8 House Hemidactylis - Gekkonidae C II geeko brukaii C – Carnivorous Avifauna Avifauna is an important part of the ecosystem playing the various roles as scavengers, pollinators, predators of insect, pest, etc. They are also one of the bio indicators of different status of environment and affected by urbanization, industrialization and human interference. They can be used as sensitive indicators of pollution and malfunction of ecosystem. Due to presence of the favorable habitats for avifauna, wide range of resident avifauna observed in the study area. The list of avifauna observed in the study area is given in Table 3.38. Table 3.38 Avifauna Observed with in Core Zone
S. Name Scientific Name Order Family Schedul No. e as per WPA 1976/IU CN status 1. Streptopelia Columbiform Columbida IV/LC Indian Ring Dove decaocto es e 2. Rose-ringed Psittacula Psittaciforme IV/LC Psittacidae Parakeet Krameri s 3. Acridotheres Passeriforme IV/LC Common Myna Sturnidae tristis s 4. IV/LC Short eared Owl Asio flammeus Strigiformes Strigidae 5. Little Green Bee- Coraciiforme IV/LC Merops orientalis eater s Meropidae 6. Ploceus Passeriforme IV/LC Weaver bird philippinus s Ploceidae 7. Passeriforme IV/LC House crow Corvus splendens s Corvidae
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8. IV/LC Pycnonotus Passeriforme Common bulbul barbatus s Pycnonoti dae 9. IV/LC Saxicoloides Passeriforme Indian Robin fulicatus s Muscicapi dés 10. Passer IV/LC House sparrow Passeridae Passeridae domesticus 11. Phasianid I/LC Common Peafowl Pavo Cristatus Galliformes ae 12. Turdoides Passeriforme Leiothrichi IV/LC Jungle babbler
striatus s dae 13. Vanellus Charadriifor Charadriid IV/LC Lapwing
duvaucelii mes ae 14. Dicrurus Passeriforme IV/LC
Black Drongo Dicruridae macrocercus s 15. Indian Rock Columbiform Columbida IV/LC Columba livia pigeon es e 16. (Ictinaetus Accipitriform Accipitrida IV/LC Black eagle malaiensis) es e Threatened and Endangered Mammals: The listed fauna found in study area has been cross-checked with Red Data Book of Indian Animals (Zoological Survey of India). There is no endangered or Schedule-I faunal species present in the study area except Pavo cristatus which is a schedule-I species. The Indian Peafowl is categorized as ‘Least Concerned’ in the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List. A least concern (LC) species is a species which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (before 2001) conservation dependent. Conservation plan for the same is attached as Annexure- VII. 3.15 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Demography is one of the important indicators of environmental health of an area. It includes population, number of households, literacy, population density, etc. In order to assess the demographic features of the area, census data of Mathura District in Uttar Pradesh for the year 2011 was compiled and placed in the form of tabulation and graphical presentation. Study area falls mainly under Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh. Impact on the Socio-economic environment in the vicinity of any industrial area revolves around the modes of change that are likely to occur due to beneficial and adverse effects arising out of proposed industrial activity. These activities pertain to economic output, job opportunities and strain on the existing basic amenities as well
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as overall impact on the quality of the environment of the region. Therefore, assessment of such an impact calls for detailed baseline information and impact on surrounding Socio-economic environment and to suggest environmental management plan in order to minimise the adverse impacts.
3.15.1 Demography of the District According to the 2011 census Mathura district has a population of 2,547,184, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of Nevada. This gives it a ranking of 167th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 761 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,970/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 22.53%. Mathura has a sex ratio of 858 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 72.65%. The district has about 1,600,000 voters, including 300,000 Jats, 250,000 Thakur, and 175,000 Brahmins. Mathura receives a large number of daily visitors besides pilgrims who stay for an average of 3 days. Mathura's urban area's floating population on normal days is between 100,000 and 125,000 per day, whereas on festive and auspicious days it is over twice the population of urban area.
3.15.2 Methodology In order to assess the Demography & Socio-economic features of the 10 km radius study area based on field surveys and public consultations undertaken during the baseline field study period and Census records 2011, for the concerned district namely Mathura,Palwal, Mewat districts in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana was compiled and placed in the form of tabulation and graphical representation. Entire study area is observed as predominantly rural.
3.15.3 Purpose of the Study The environmental study undertaken is aimed to identifying the existing environmental conditions, predicting environmental impacts associated with the proposed project.
3.15.4 Description of Environment Population Distribution within 10.0 km Radial Study Zone As per the census records 2011, the total population was recorded as 198343 persons of 35 revenue villages/town in Mathura, Palwal, Mewat districts in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. The study area of 10 km radius mainly lying in 3 districts namely Mathura,Palwal, Mewat of Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. All study area revenue villages are under 3 Tehsils namely Chhat(27 villages), Hodal (07 villages and one Town), Punhana(1village) in Mathura,Palwal, Mewat districts in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana Total number of ‘Households’ was observed as 32362 in the study area. Male-Female wise total population in the study area was recorded as 106446 males and 91897 females respectively. Male-Female wise population breakup of the entire study area is shown in Table 3.39 as follows:
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Table 3.39 Population Distribution in the 10 km Radius Study Area
Total Total Male Total Female Total Male No of No of Total Total Male Total Female Female Scheduled Castes Scheduled Castes Scheduled Households Households Population Population Population Scheduled Population Population Tribes Tribes Hatana 913 5872 3203 2669 924 775 0 0 Nabipur 275 1732 925 807 11 6 0 0 Kharauth 860 5294 2845 2449 580 496 0 0 Hasanpur Nagla 278 1605 862 743 159 152 0 0 Kotban 802 5193 2741 2452 549 470 0 0 Umrala 187 1204 647 557 184 145 0 0 Kosikalan(Rural) 891 5091 2735 2356 595 483 0 1 Surwari 280 1801 965 836 441 374 0 0 Bathain Khurd 424 2717 1509 1208 287 234 0 0 Bathain Kalan 1126 7187 3935 3252 575 478 1 1 Dahgaon 685 4447 2402 2045 307 266 0 0 Kamar 1153 7031 3898 3133 592 491 0 0 Hulwana 573 3457 1901 1556 300 226 0 0 Kadauna 456 2887 1570 1317 236 205 0 0 Sirthala 398 2445 1307 1138 255 213 0 0 Garhi Barwari 175 1164 621 543 65 52 0 0 Ajijpur 516 3152 1671 1481 524 452 0 0 Guheta 7 Biswa 303 2062 1073 989 328 287 0 0 Guheta 10 388 2346 1239 1107 169 170 0 0 Biswa Phalain 1968 12562 6732 5830 1199 1079 0 2 Tumaula 820 4918 2655 2263 521 462 0 0 Baraka 420 2595 1417 1178 258 225 0 0 Khitwita 288 1724 928 796 111 114 0 0 Gidoh 776 5000 2718 2282 367 340 0 0 Jao 752 4635 2493 2142 495 470 0 0 Bukharari 619 4108 2249 1859 271 224 0 0 Barchawali 572 3486 1864 1622 370 362 0 0
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Total Total Male Total Female Total Male No of No of Total Total Male Total Female Female Scheduled Castes Scheduled Castes Scheduled Households Households Population Population Population Scheduled Population Population Tribes Tribes Hodal 1934 11568 6206 5362 571 493 0 0 (Rural)(Part)(93) Baptoli(96) 82 471 248 223 87 69 0 0 Banswan(98) 1054 6331 3411 2920 949 783 0 0 Khirbi(97) 435 2382 1270 1112 154 145 0 0 Bhulwana(94) 1224 7081 3813 3268 1165 1053 0 0 Buraka(91) 123 828 440 388 63 73 0 0 Hodal (MC) 8579 50143 26627 23516 6470 5829 0 0 Bichhor(243) 2033 13824 7326 6498 426 354 0 0 Total 32362 198343 106446 91897 20558 18050 1 4
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3.15.5 Sex Ratio The ‘Sex Ratio’ is a numeric relationship between females and males of an area and bears paramount importance in the present day scenario where the un-ethnic pre- determination of sex and killing of female foetus during pregnancy is practiced by unscrupulous medical practitioners against the rule of the law of the country. It is evident that by contrast the practice of female foeticide is not prevalent in the study area. The ‘Sex Ratio’ was observed as 863 females per 1000 males in the study area. The village wise male-female population distribution for the study area is depicted and shown by graphical representation in Figure 3.24.
200000 150000 100000 50000 0 Total Population Total Male Total Female Population Population
Figure 3.24 Male-Female Wise Population Distribution
3.15.6 Scheduled Caste & Scheduled Tribe Population On the basis of the village/town wise SC & ST population distribution of the study area during 2011, the ‘Scheduled Castes’ population was observed as 38608 persons consisting of 20558 males and 18050 females respectively in the study area which accounts as 19.46% to the total population (198343 persons) of the study area. ‘Scheduled Tribes’ population was observed as 5 persons, accounting as 0.0025% to the total population of the study area consisting of 1 males and 4 females. It implies that the rest 80.53% of the total population belongs to the General category. Male- female wise distribution of SC & ST population in the study area is graphically shown in Figure 3.25 & Figure 3.26 as follows.
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38608
40000 35000 20558 30000 18050 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 Total SC Population Total SC Male Total SC Female Population Population
Figure 3.25 Scheduled Caste Population in the Study Area
5 4 3 2 1 0 Total ST Population Total ST Male Total ST Female Population Population
Figure 3.26 Scheduled Tribes Population in the Study Area
3.15.7 Literacy Rate Literacy level is quantifiable indicator to assess the development status of an area or region. Total literates population was recorded as 112634 persons (56.78%) in the study area. Male-Female wise literates are observed as 72409 & 40225 persons respectively, implies that the ‘Literacy Rate’ is recorded as 56.78% with male-female wise percentages being 36.50% & 20.28% respectively. The total illiterate’s population was recorded as 85709 persons (41.8%) in the study area. Male-Female wise illiterates were 34037 (17.16%) and 51672 (26.05%) respectively. The Male-Female wise graphical representation of literates & illiterates population in study area villages/town is shown in Figure 3.27.
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120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 Total Male Female Total Male Female Literates Literates Literates Illliterates Illliterates Illliterates
Figure 3.27 Male-Female Wise Distribution of Literates & Illiterates
3.15.8 Workers Scenario (Occupation Pattern) Occupational pattern was studied to assess the skills of people in the study area. Occupational pattern helps in identifying major economic activities of the area. The main and marginal workers population with further classification as casual, agricultural, households and other workers is shown in Table 3.40. In the study area the Main and Marginal Workers population was observed as 45998 (23.19%) and 21874 (11.02%) respectively of the total population (198343) while the remaining 130471 (65.78%) persons were recorded as non-workers. Thus, it implies that the semi-skilled and non-skilled work-force required in study area for the project is available in aplenty. Occupation Pattern wise distribution of Population and Graphical representation of ‘Workers Scenario’ of the study area are shown as Table 3.40 & Figure 3.28 respectively as follows; Table 3.40 Distribution of Work Participation Rate
Occupation Class Year, 2011 Main Workers 45998 (23.19%) Male 38524 (83.75%) Female 7474 (16.24%) Marginal Workers 21874 (11.02%) Male 9674 (44.22%) Female 12200 (55.77%) Non-Workers 130471 (65.78%) Male 58248 (44.64%) Female 72223 (55.35%) Total Population 198343 (100%) Source: Census of India Records, 2011
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Workers Scenario 0-10km
Main Workers 23%
Non-Workers 66% Marginal Workers 11%
Figure 3.28 : Workers Scenario of the Study Area
Composition of Main Workers The ‘Main Workers’ were observed as 45998 (23.19%) persons to the total population of the study area and its composition is made-up of Casual laborers as 18063 (39%), Agricultural laborers as 5254(11%), Household workers 1647 (4%) and other workers as 21034 (46%) respectively. Composition of Main workers is shown below as Figure 3.29.
MAIN_CL_P MAIN_OT_P 39% 46%
MAIN_HH_P MAIN_AL_P 4% 11%
Figure 3.29 : Composition of Main Workers Population
Composition of Marginal Workers The total marginal workers are observed as 21874 (11.02%) of the total population (198343) comprise of Marginal Casual Laborers as 5806 (27%), Marginal Agricultural Laborers as 7406 (34%), Marginal Household laborers as 737 (3%) and marginal other workers were also observed as 7925 (36%) of the total marginal workers respectively. Details about marginal workers in the study area are tabulated in Table 3.40 Composition of Marginal workers is shown in Figure 3.30 as follows.
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MARG_CL_P MARG_OT_P 27% 36%
MARG_AL_P 34%
MARG_HH_P 3%
Figure 3.30 Composition of Marginal Workers
Composition of Non-workers The total Non-workers population was observed as 130471 (65.78%) of the total population (198343) of the study area. Male-female wise Non-workers population was recorded as 58248 (44.64%) and 72223 (55.35%) respectively. Details about total Non-workers of the study area with Graphical representation are compiled in Table 3.41 and shown by Figure 3.31 as follows; Table 3.41 : Composition of Non-Workers
Non-Workers Population
Persons Males Females
130471 58248 (44.64%) 72223 (55.35%)
150000
100000
50000
0 Total Non Workers Male Non WorkersFemales Non workers
Figure 3.31 : Composition of Non-Workers
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3.15.9 Basic Amenities Availability Status A review of basic infrastructure facility and amenities available in the study area villages has been done on the basis of the field survey and Census records, 2011. Education Facilities As per the Census Records of India 2011, there are about 47 Primary Schools existing in the revenue villages as rural part of the study area. Middle schools are 36 no’s exists in the rural part of the study area. Only 5 no’s of Higher Secondary Schools facility is available in the study area. 9 no of Secondary Schools are observed in the study area. The educational facilities have been further strengthening now and a number of private public schools and colleges are also functioning in the surroundings of the study area. Besides, there are Engineering and Medical colleges available in Towns and District headquarters only. There is considerable improvement in educational facility. Medical Facilities The medical facilities are provided by different agencies like Govt. & Private individuals and voluntary organizations in the study area. As per the compiled district census handbook information of 2011,2 Primary health centers are available only in 2 villages namedKamar and Bukharari, villages of the study area. Five primary health sub-centers exists in the rural part of the study area. Mother & Child Welfare Centre are available only in three revenue village in the study area. Family welfare centre and Hospital do not exist in the study area. 1 Allopathic Hospital facility is available in Kamar village of the study area. Most of the villages are depending upon the nearby town and district headquarters for such type of medical facility. No Dispensary facility was available in any revenue villages of the study area. Overall study area villages are served by poor medical facilities observed in the study area. Specialized medical facilities are available in Towns and District Headquarter only. Potable Water Facilities Potable water facility is available in most of the villages of the study area. The entire study area has plenty of good potable water facilities. Most of the villages are served with Hand Pumps for potable water facility in the study area. Out of total 35 revenue villages/town only few villages (of the study area are served with River/Canal water as drinking water in the study area. As per the census records of 2011, only about 17 revenue villages are being served with Tank/Pond/Lake in the study area. In the majority of the villages, hand pumps are commonly observed in the study area. Good potable water facilities are available in the study area. Communication, Road, Transport and Banking Facilities Apart from Post &Telegraph (P & T) services, transport is the main communication linkage in the study area. Out of 35 villages/towns of the study area, only 1 revenue villages named Jao, is served with Post Office facilities in the study area, remaining villages are depending upon these villages and towns of the study area.
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The study area has good road network, passes from the area. National Highway (NH- 2) is located at about 1.14km, E in the West direction to the proposed project site. Site is well connected with NH-2 which is passing along the eastern boundary of the project site and has well developed internal road within the existing site as well. Nearest town/city is Hodal(MC) located at about 8.0 km away in NW direction from the project site. About all villages are served with Pucca road facility in the study area except Nabipur village. Banking facilities are poor in the study area and almost all the schedule commercial banks with ATM facility are available in urban areas and the district HQ.
Power Supply It is revealed from the compiled information on amenities availability as per the census record of 2011; all villages are electrified for all purpose in the study area. Village wise ‘Basic infrastructure and amenities’ availability data for the entire study area is compiled and presented in Table 3.42 as follows.
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Table 3.42 : Village Wise Basic Amenities Availability
Neare st Town Dista nce from P Nearest Villag Name of the S SS CH PH PH MC H T T P & B R P K F E E E E Town e (in Village/Town P M S S C C SC WC D T W P W R k O T S S R R P D A C A Name Km.) KOSIKA Hatana 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 10 KOSIKA Nabipur 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 5 KOSIKA Kharauth 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 5 KOSIKA Kotban 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 8 Hasanpur KOSIKA Nagla 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 LA 5 Kosikalan(Rur KOSIKA al) 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 2 Umrala 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bathain KOSIKA Khurd 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 LA 5 KOSIKA Bathain Kalan 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 5 KOSIKA Surwari 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 LA KOSI Dahgaon 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KALAN 12 Kamar 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KOSI Hulwana 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KALAN 10 418.9 Kadauna 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 78 Sirthala 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
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Neare st Town Dista nce from P Nearest Villag Name of the S SS CH PH PH MC H T T P & B R P K F E E E E Town e (in Village/Town P M S S C C SC WC D T W P W R k O T S S R R P D A C A Name Km.) Garhi Barwari 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KOSIKA Ajijpur 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 3 Guheta 7 KOSIKS Biswa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 LA 7 Guheta 10 Biswa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KOSIKA Phalain 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 7 Tumaula 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KOSIKA Baraka 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 LA 12 KOSIKA Khitwita 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 12 KOSIKA Gidoh 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 18 Jao 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KOSIKA Barchawali 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 7 KOSIKA Bukharari 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LA 10 Baptoli(96) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 HODAL a Hodal (Rural)(Part)(9 3) 4 3 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 HODAL a Banswan(98) 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 HODAL b HONDA Khirbi(97) 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L b
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Neare st Town Dista nce from P Nearest Villag Name of the S SS CH PH PH MC H T T P & B R P K F E E E E Town e (in Village/Town P M S S C C SC WC D T W P W R k O T S S R R P D A C A Name Km.) Bhulwana(94) 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 HODAL a Buraka(91) 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 HODAL b PUNAHA Bichhor(243) 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NA c Hodal(MC) Town Status for Availability and Non-Availability is shown as A (1) & NA (2) Total 47 36 9 5 1 2 5 3 0 respectively
Abbreviations: Educational Facilities: P-Primary School, M-Middle School, SS-Higher Secondary Schools, SSS-Senior Secondary School Medical Facilities: CHC-Community Health Centre, PHC-Primary Health Centre, PHSC-Primary Health Sub-Centre, MCWC-Maternity and Child Welfare Centre, H- Hospital, Al. H-Allopathic Hospital, D-Dispensary, FWC-Family Welfare Centre Drinking Water Facilities: T-Tap Water, W-Well Water, HP-Hand Pump, TW-Tube Well Water, R-River Water, Tk-Tank Water, O-Other Drinking Water Facility Communication and Transport Facilities: PO-Post Office, SPO-Sub-Post Office, PTO- Post & Telegraph Office, Tel. - Telephone Connection, Mob.-Mobile Phone Coverage, BS-Bus Services, RS-Railways Services Approach to Village: PR-Pucca Roads, KR-Kuchha Road, FP-Foot Path Power Supply: ED-Power Supply for Domestic use, E Ag.-Power Supply for Agricultural use, EC-Power supply for Commercial use, EA-Electricity for All Purpose
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3.16 TRAFFIC STUDY
Proposed site is well connected to NH-2 through internal road, which is passing close to ENE of the proposed site. Traffic count study was undertaken in NH-2 near the site, because most of the material movement will be performed through this road. Existing traffic load condition and the traffic count observations are given in Table 3.43 and shown in Figure 3.32.
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Table 3.43 Traffic Load Conditions on NH2
Hours Baseline Baselin Capacit Bus/ Two- Auto Increme e Predicte y of LOS LOS % Ca Truc Wheele Rickha PCU/H nt PCU/H d Road in Baselin Predicte increas r k r w r PCU/Hr r PCU/Hr PCU/Hr e d e 06:00- 07:00 32 87 36 40 461 7.5 461 468 5142 0.09 0.09 1.63 07:00- 08:00 43 82 40 37 450 14.5 450 465 5142 0.09 0.09 3.22 08:00- 09:00 50 85 42 40 476 34.5 476 511 5142 0.09 0.10 7.25 09:00- 10:00 45 80 37 46 461 14.5 461 475 5142 0.09 0.09 3.15 10:00- 11:00 49 76 40 50 460 7.5 460 468 5142 0.09 0.09 1.63 11:00- 12:00 42 81 46 58 492 5.5 492 498 5142 0.10 0.10 1.12 12:00- 13:00 47 85 75 41 500 11.5 500 511 5142 0.10 0.10 2.30 13:00- 14:00 65 89 41 52 529 9.5 529 539 5142 0.10 0.10 1.80 14:00- 15:00 46 95 49 50 534 8.5 534 543 5142 0.10 0.11 1.59 15:00- 16:00 51 83 53 46 490 6.5 490 496 5142 0.10 0.10 1.33 16:00- 17:00 46 86 58 49 506 6.5 506 512 5142 0.10 0.10 1.29 17:00- 18:00 54 82 45 52 495 14.5 495 510 5142 0.10 0.10 2.93
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18:00- 19:00 58 80 40 55 494 34.5 494 529 5142 0.10 0.10 6.98 19:00- 20:00 52 94 36 59 545 34.5 545 579 5142 0.11 0.11 6.33 20:00- 21:00 45 87 32 45 481 9.5 481 490 5142 0.09 0.10 1.98 21:00- 22:00 48 90 30 37 478 7.5 478 485 5142 0.09 0.09 1.57 22:00- 23:00 50 84 27 39 459 5.5 459 465 5142 0.09 0.09 1.20
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Traffic Count 6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Baseline PCU/Hr Predicted PCU/Hr Capacity of Road in PCU/Hr
Figure 3.32 Graphical Representation of Traffic Load at Raipur Road
The site is accessible through NH-2 which passes across 1.04 km ENE of project site. The transportation of material will be through Internal Road which is further connected to NH-2. The transportation of raw material and finished product will be through Road. As per the study conducted, no major traffic is present at this road. With the operation of proposed project, the traffic volume would increase further. However, the incremental will be very less in comparison to the carrying capacity of the road. LOS will be increase after project 47.28%. Thus, no major impact is anticipated in the nearby road due to the proposed project.
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CHAPTER 4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
This chapter details the inferences drawn from the environmental impact assessment of the proposed project. It describes the overall impacts of the project activities and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. Predictions have been done based on the various quantitative and qualitative methods suggested by MoEF&CC.
4.1 Introduction
Any developmental activity in its wake will bring about some impacts associated with its origin, which can be broadly classified as reversible, irreversible, long and short- term impacts. In this chapter, an endeavor has been made to identify various Environmental Impacts associated with the plant operation and other activities wherein, there may be a chance of pollution. Based on the possible worst-case emissions and waste generation from the proposed project and also taking into consideration the baseline Environmental status at the existing project site, the environmental factors that are likely to be affected (Impacts) are assessed and identified.
For this purpose, both the beneficial (positive) and detrimental (negative) impacts are accounted for. The impact prediction is useful in the preparation of a sound Environmental Management Plan which has to be executed during the on-going activities for the proposed project in order to minimize the adverse impacts on the environmental quality. In some case, mathematical models are used to quantitatively describe the cause-effect relationships between the sources of pollution and different components of environment. In case if the mathematical models are not available or it is not possible to identify/validate a model for particular situation, predictions would be made through available scientific knowledge.
The possible impacts on various components of environment by proposed Pesticide Technical & Intermediates Manufacturing Plant of MGOPL can be assessed in terms of:
• Physical and Biological Environment and • Demographic and Socio-economic Environment.
The following sections list out potential impacts on the environment from proposed project due to the nature and extent of various activities associated during the implementation and operation stages and current status of the environmental quality at the project site by considering both positive and negative impacts
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4.2 Impact Assessment Criteria
The impact has been identified by the following methods:
1. Matrix method: Interaction between the various project activities (during pre- construction, construction and operation phase) and environmental components using the grid like table. “✔” Tick sign is being used wherever; activity is interfering with the environmental component. This matrix method also helps in preparing checklist. 2. Checklist: Checklists are comprehensive lists of environmental effects and impact indicators designed to stimulate the analyst to think broadly about possible consequences of contemplated actions. This method is being used to identify the direct and indirect impact due to the project. 3. Scaling Checklist: It is similar to the descriptive checklist with additional information on subjective scaling of the parameters. Impacts will be assessed on basis of their duration, nature, scale and severity. Impact assessment criteria is given in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1 Impact Assessment Criteria
Criteria Description
Duration of Long term Impact Short term Nature of Reversible Impact Irreversible Scale Core zone Buffer Zone Severity Low Moderate High
After assessment of the impacts, significance of the impact will be judged. An impact can be of low significance, moderate significance or high significance depending on its effect on the environment and social parameters to be affected due to project development. Significance criteria have been designed for various permutation and combinations of above given impact assessment criteria. Impact significance matrix is given in Table 4.2.
Table 4.2 : Impact Assessment Criteria
Significance Scenarios High Significance Long term, Irreversible, buffer/core zone & high; Short term, irreversible, buffer/core zone & high Moderate Long term, Irreversible/reversible, core zone & moderate; Significance Short term, irreversible, buffer/core zone & moderate; Long term, reversible, core/buffer zone & high/moderate; Short term, reversible, buffer/core zone & high;
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Long term, Irreversible/reversible, buffer zone & low; Low Significance Long term, Irreversible/reversible, core zone & low; Short term, reversible, buffer/core zone & moderate/low Nil No Impacts
4.3 Summary of Baseline of Project Area
Data on existing baseline quality and status of all the physical, biological and social environments is collected for the project area through primary and secondary sources and is summarized in Table 4.3.
Table 4.3 : Summary Baseline Scenario of Project Area and Likely extent of Impact
S. Environmental Baseline Scenario Sensitivity Level of Probability and No. Component baseline scenario Significance of likely impact on valued Environmental Components 1. Connectivity & Good road connectivity. The site is well Low Traffic Pattern Light traffic in the connected to Finished product industrial area. industrial area road will be which further transported connects to NH-2 at through Trucks. 1.14 Km, E. 2. Air quality Mean Baseline The overall ambient Low concentrations: air quality of the Emission level of project site are gases will 3 PM10 – 52 to 135 µg/m , within the prescribed increase due to 3 PM2.5 – 24 to 66 µg/m , National ambient air the proposed 3 SO2 – 6.1 to 17.3 µg/m , quality standard project. However, NO2 – 12.7 to 43.7 except PM10, PM2.5, with the use of µg/m3, as prescribed by proposed APCS 3 NH3 – <20 µg/m and MoEF through GSR the emission CO – 0.35 to 1.38 826(E), 16 Nov 2009. levels will be mg/m3 much below the HC- <0.1ppm emission standards and ambient levels shall be within norms. 3. Noise Level Day Time Leq level varies Noise level is in the Low from 52.4 dB(A) to 63.7 range during both Noise from the dB(A) and Night Time night and day as per industry shall be varies from Leq 39.6 prescribed Ambient confined within dB(A) to 54.1 dB(A) Noise level the factory standards. battery limit.
4. Seismicity IV High seismic risk Structure will be zone designed considering seismicity of the area
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5. Topography Plain, elevation of site -- Nil ranges between 187 to 188 amsl 6. Drainage No water body traverses No flooding Records Nil through the project area. No river in the study area. 7. Flora & Fauna No tree felling or No significant Significant displacement of Fauna is biodiversity. (Positive impact involved. 33.28% of plot In the study area, no Greenbelt area will be developed as rare and endangered development Green. plant species was shall enhance observed (Source: the aesthetic Red Data Book of value as well Indian Plants, N.P shall act as Nayar and A. P. K. habitat to Sastry, B.S.I. 1988). various avi faunal species) 8. Demography Project is in Industrial Rural Nil area. Many small to large industries available in the study area. Nearest Habitation available at 0.82 Km, S (Nabipur) 9. SW quality Quality of surface water NA Nil varies from poor to very Project is ZLD poor.
10. GW Quality Ground water quality - Nil varies from good to not suitable enough for drinking 11. Land Use Land use of site is No change Nil industrial Primary and secondary sources
4.4 Identification Linkage between Project Activities and Associated Impact
The linkage between natural (physical & biological) and human (social) environmental components that have scientific, economic, social or cultural archaeological, historical, or other significance and are considered in the environmental assessment process. Project activities which may have impact on environmental components includes the following:
• Construction of different plant process units, and also utilities infrastructure and various required buildings • Operational activities (during operational phase) of the project (Pesticide Technical & Intermediates production)
As per the nature of activities involved, it is apparent that during both construction as well as operational phases certain impacts are anticipated during implementation of the project. Matrix for impact identification on the different environmental components
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Table 4.4 Impact Identification Matrix
Project Activities Physical Components Biological Social Components Components AQ NL SWQ GWQ SQ Traffic Drainage LU Resources EB Pre-construction Stage Site Cleaning/ Site √ √ × × √ × × × × × × preparation/change in topography Construction activities Material storage √ × × × × √ × × × × × yards, casting yards, etc. Heavy Equipment √ √ × × √ √ × × √ √ √ Operations Transportation of √ √ × × √ √ × × √ √ √ construction material Disposal of √ × √ √ √ √ × × √ √ √ construction waste Generation of × × √ √ √ × × × × × √ Sewerage Influx of √ √ × × × √ × × √ √ √ construction workers Operation Phase Product √ √ √ × √ × × × √ √ √ Manufacturing Transportation of √ √ × × √ √ × × √ √ √ raw material and finished product Utility requirements √ √ √ √ × × × × √ √ √ (water, power, manpower etc.) Wastewater and × × √ √ √ √ × √ × √ √ solid waste generation Source: EQMS Assessment
4.5 Impact Assessment and Evaluation
Identification of project activities (pre-construction, construction and operation phases) and environmental components which may be impacted due to different project activities is carried out and is given in Table 4.4. Significance of impact on each of the identified environmental components for all the activities is assessed and evaluated using qualitative and quantitative techniques. Thereafter, cost-effective but appropriate mitigation measures are proposed to eliminate or minimize the identified impacts. An EMP has been designed to ensure the effective implementation of proposed mitigation measures (refer CHAPTER 10). Impact assessment and evaluation along with the mitigation measures is given in sections below.
4.6 Impacts during Pre-Construction
The proposed project is green field project which involves site and levelling of the site. The proposed site is a vacant land, where only few shrubs and bushes are present, which will be cleared before start of construction. No tree cutting is involved in the project. The existing site level varies from 187 to 188 amsl thus, no major levelling is involved. Further, fugitive dust emission and increase in noise level is anticipated
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-5 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. during preconstruction phase. The impact will be managed by the following measures as mentioned below:
Mitigation Measures
• Water sprinkling shall be done at the site at regular intervals for dust suppression. • Wind breakers will be installed if required. • Construction activities, including receipt of material, to be done during day time only. • Burning of waste will be prohibited. Waste will be disposed at the nearby landfill site or site demarcated by Industrial area.
It can be concluded from the above discussion that the integrated implementation of the above said control measures shall control the dust pollution at the site so that surrounding will not be affected.
4.7 Impacts during Construction & Operation Phase
4.7.1 Impact on Air Environment Construction Phase
Air quality may get impacted in the area during construction/installation phase due to various project activities including excavation and filling, Transportation and storage of raw materials & debris, movement of construction vehicle, Operation of construction machinery & equipment and Operation of DG sets. All these activities have potential to generate fugitive dust emissions. Majorly pollutants will be dust, SO2, NO2 & CO. Operation of DG sets, construction equipment/machinery and vehicles may also generate the exhaust which affects the air quality of the area. Increased PM level and dust generation may cause respiratory problems to the workers and other people in the area. It is anticipated that material will be purchased from the vendors with an average distance of approx. 100 km then the distance to be travelled by per truck in each trip is 200 km. Emission load estimations are made for construction phase of the project per day and are given below in Table 4.5.
Table 4.5 Quantification of Pollution load due to movement of Trucks (per Day)
Parameter Nos. of Emission Pollution Average Emissions Emissions trucks Factor Load Distance generated generated (g/Km) * (g/Km) per to be per day During day Travelled (kg/day) Construction (km) in Phase round trip (Tonnes)# CO 10 6 60 200 12 2.16 NOx 9.3 93 18.6 3.348 PM 1.24 12.4 2.48 0.4464 SO2 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.054 HC 0.37 3.7 0.74 0.1332
*Source of emission factors: ARAI, Pune and Study by TERI # Considering 6 months of continuous Construction
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As per the baseline data assessment, it is found that Except PM10 and PM2.5 all the parameters monitored, i.e. SO2, NO2, CO, NH3, HC and VOC are well within the permissible limit. As per above calculation, the impact of transportation is very less on air-quality. However, mitigation measures will be adopted to further reduce the pollution level.
Mitigation Measures
• Water sprinkling shall be done at the site at regular intervals. • Industrial area roads are already paved thus this will reduce the abrasion and thereby reduce the dust generation. Temporary road will be constructed within the plot boundary to minimize the dust • Raw materials/debris/excavated muck shall be properly stacked and stored under covered conditions at designated areas/storage yards. Debris/muck will be regularly removed from the site for regular storage/disposal • Temporary connection of electricity will be taken for operation of machinery/equipment and lighting at site and usage of DG sets shall be minimal. • Adequate parking area shall be provided for vehicle for loading & unloading so as to prevent parking on the road and causing traffic jams and congestion • Storage of raw materials like cement, sand, soil, etc. shall be done in covered sheds or should be covered by tarpaulin cover. • Locally available raw material will be preferably used. • Wind breakers will be installed • Construction workers shall be provided with mask • Construction activities, including receipt of material, to be done during daytime only. Operation Phase The proposed site is in UPSIDC industrial area and surrounded by many small to large scale industries. As per the baseline data assessment, it is found that out of parameters monitored, i.e. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, NH3, HC and VOC, all are well within the permissible limit except PM10 and PM2.5. Cumulative and continuous emissions from existing and proposed industries in area may increase the pollutant level in the air. Thus, use of efficient mitigation measure and air pollution control system is required. The Efficient fuel and Conventional methods are used in the plant to reduce the emission. Source of air pollutants during the operation phase may be classified under the following major categories:
• Spillage/leakage of raw materials, finished product and catalyst during loading or unloading • Leakage of chemical • Heat from reactor can increase the temperature of the room • Product dust emission from drying and cooling
Fugitive emissions:
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• Flue gas emission (PM, NOx, SO2, VOC) from stack attached with boiler, DG sets due to combustion of fuel
• Fugitive emission (SO2, NOx & CO and hydrocarbons) from vehicular traffic Process emissions:
• Process emission from the vents attached to the process reactor Increased pollutant level may cause respiratory problems or may be carcinogenic to the workers and other people in the area. Nearest Residential area is situated towards South side which is in downwind direction of the project site which may have minor impact due to emission from the proposed project. The nearest residential development in the downwind direction is at around 1 km and will not have any major detrimental impact due to emission from the proposed project. Spillage of Diesel used oil, chemicals may result in emission of VOCs in the air environment which may cause irritation in eyes, nose and throat, difficulty in breathing and nausea. During normal condition, power required for entire plant will be drawn from Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL). For the power backup, 2 no. of DG set of capacity 1x250 KVA and 1x500 kVA will be installed. The emissions from DG sets are PM, SO2 and NOx. Emission Modelling: The establishment of an emissions inventory forms the basis for the impact assessment. The emissions inventory comprises the identification of sources of emission, and the quantification of each source’s contribution to ambient air pollution concentrations. An emission factor is a representative value that attempts to relate the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with an activity associated with the release of that pollutant.
During operation phase, HCl, HBr, Cl2, NOx, SO2, and PM (PM10 & PM2.5) are pollutant of concern. Dispersion models compute ambient concentrations as a function of source configurations, emission strengths and meteorological characteristics, thus providing a useful tool to ascertain the spatial and temporal patterns in ground level concentrations (GLCs) arising from the emissions of various sources. Gaussian plume models are best used for near-field applications where the steady-state meteorology assumption is most likely to apply. The AERMOD View 9.8.1 model was used in this study. Atmospheric dispersion models compute ambient concentrations as a function of source configurations, emission strengths and meteorological characteristics, thus providing a useful tool to ascertain the spatial and temporal patterns in the ground level concentrations (GLCs) arising from the emissions of various sources. Increasing reliance has been placed on concentration estimates from models as the primary basis for environmental and health impact assessments, risk assessments and emission control requirements.
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Dispersion modeling was undertaken to determine highest daily and study period incremental GLCs for each pollutant. These averaging periods were selected to facilitate the comparison of simulated pollutant concentrations with relevant air quality standards. It should be noted that the GLC isopleths depicted present interpolated values from the concentrations simulated by AERMOD for each of the receptor grid points specified. Requirements of model: The model selected for the study is AERMOD- modified by USEPA in conjunction with the American Meteorological Society (AMS). Source Input Pathway: • This includes selection of Source • The source type for emission from process vent, boiler, and D.G Set is given as point source. • Emissions are given as input in this window as source. Meteorological data processing:
• AERMET as a pre-processor organizes and processes meteorological data and estimates the necessary boundary layer parameters for dispersion calculations • Hourly-surface observations data (referred from nearest IMD) • AERMET output - o a file of hourly boundary layer parameter estimates, and o a file of multiple-level observations of wind speed and direction, temperature, and standard deviation of the fluctuating components of the wind. • GLCs are obtained in µg/m3 for pollutants. Output of modelling gives concentration at uniform Cartesian receptors and discrete Cartesian receptors to get the resultant concentration with reference to baseline data. Input for modelling Table 4.6 : Stack Parameters and Emission Details of Proposed Sources
Stack Stack Temp Velocity Parameter Standard Stacks Height Dia Attached to m m (0C) m/s g/sec 150 Boiler (2TPH) 32 0.6 130 8.12 PM 0.25 mg/NM3 600 32 0.6 130 8.12 SOx 1.02 mg/NM3 Boiler (3TPH) 300 32 0.6 130 8.12 NOx 0.51 mg/NM3 Process Vent 1 32 0.4 35 4.0637 HCL 20 mg/NM3 0.010 Process Vent 2 32 0.4 35 4.0637 HBR 5 mg/NM3 0.002 HCL 20 mg/NM3 0.010 Process Vent 3 32 0.4 35 4.0637 SO2 40 mg/NM3 0.020 Process Vent 4 32 0.4 35 4.0637 HCL 20 mg/NM3 0.010
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Cl2 5 mg/NM3 0.002
Table 4.7 : Results of Modelling
Pollutant Max Concentration (µg/m3) Distance and direction from site
PM10 0.895 0.03 km S
PM2.5 0.729
NOx 1.82
SOx 3.69 HCl 4.31
Cl2 0.0016
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Table 4.8 : Impact of Air Emissions in the Study Area
PM10 PM2.5 NOx SO2
Sr.No code Location Baseline Max. Incremental Total Baseline Max. Incremental Total Baseline Max. Incremental Total Baseline Max. Incremental Total 1. AAQ1 96 0.7897 96.7897 54 0.6432 54.6432 37.8 1.611 39.411 17.3 3.431 20.731 2. AAQ2 135 0.7342 135.734 66 0.598 66.598 28.1 1.4979 29.5979 13.1 3.0696 16.1696 3. AAQ3 91 0.071 91.071 53 0.0578 53.0578 24 0.1448 24.1448 11.7 0.3038 12.0038 4. AAQ4 87 0.0857 87.0857 49 0.0698 49.0698 25.4 0.1748 25.5748 10.4 0.3572 10.7572 5. AAQ5 96 0.0922 96.0922 48 0.0751 48.0751 25.8 0.188 25.988 10.9 0.386 11.286 6. AAQ6 121 0.0767 121.077 68 0.0625 68.0625 43.7 0.1565 43.8565 23 0.3195 23.3195 7. AAQ7 88 0.0405 88.0405 49 0.033 49.033 26.2 0.0826 26.2826 10.9 0.1697 11.0697 8. AAQ8 89 0.0647 89.0647 46 0.0527 46.0527 25.2 0.132 25.332 11.6 0.2741 11.8741
Conclusion: The result shows no major impact on the surrounding due to proposed project.
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ISOPLETHS
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Measures proposed to be adopted for minimizing Air pollution are given below.
Mitigation Measures • Steam boilers (2 TPH and 3 TPH) will be agro-waste briquette based. ESP with 32 m stack shall be provided for Boiler to achieve the emission standards. • Boiler will be agro-waste briquette based. Due to High Calorific value, there will be minimal amount of ash generation of agro-waste Briquette.
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• All the process reactor vents shall be equipped with two stage water/alkali scrubber to maintain the flue gas emissions. • DG sets shall be provided with 25 m stack height above the ground level. • Transportation of raw material and finished product shall be done through in covered trucks. • To the extent possible, loading and unloading of raw materials and grinding operations will be performed during daytime only, for better dispersion of fugitive and stack emissions. • Control of fugitive emissions will be achieved through water spray. • All transfer points in material handling operations will be covered to minimize fugitive dust emissions. • Green belt will be developed covering 33.28% of the total project area, within the premises as dust and emission preventive barrier. • A good housekeeping consisting of cleaning up spills, removing accumulations around processing equipment will be practiced. • Training programmes for handling of material and environment awareness will be arranged in plant for workers. • Bag Filters and ID fans will be provided for collecting fugitive emissions • Periodic monitoring of work area will be carried out to check the fugitive emission. • Regular monitoring shall be done by Environment management to adhere the all norms in the plant. • PPE shall be provided to all labour. Measures for pollution prevention from boiler, fugitive emission control and VOC reduction & odour control are given in 2.10.2.
4.7.2 Impact on Noise Environment Construction Phase
Source of noise during the construction phase of project will be from construction activities such as site levelling, foundation; operation of construction machinery such as machinery and other activities. Also, there will be noise generation from movement of vehicles carrying material, loading & unloading activities, operation of DG set, etc. However, magnitude of the impact will depend upon the type and nature of the machinery, time schedule of operations, construction method and management practices followed during activities. The construction activities will be limited, to the extent possible, to day hours only. Noise levels generated during various stages of construction and due to construction machinery at site are given below in Table 4.9.
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Table 4.9 Noise Level during various construction phase activities and from construction machinery
Sr. Equipment Noise Level in dB(A) 50 ft (15 m) No. from source 1. Air compressor 81 2. Tower crane 88 3. Concrete mixer 85 4. Concrete vibrator 76 5. Dozer 85 6. Jack hammer 88 7. Back hoe 80 8. Transit mixer 85 9. Concrete pump 82 10. Vibro roller 3T 74 11. Crusher 85 12. Paver 89 13. Pneumatic tool 85 14. Drill (pavement breaker) 98 15. Truck 88 16. Generator 81
The existing noise level of the site during Day time and Night time is 56.2 dB(A) and 44.8 dB(A) respectively, which is well within the prescribed National Ambient Noise Quality Standards prescribed for industrial (Standards - 75 dB(A) during day time and 65 dB(A) during night time). Thus, it is evident from the above table that operation of construction machinery & equipment will generate high noise levels due to which it may affect the health of construction labour and nearby residents if the adequate mitigation measures are not taken. And it is proposed that beside the barricading of Boundary wall, the following control measures will be adopted at the points near to the source of noise to keep the ambient noise levels below permissible limits:
Mitigation Measures
• The construction activity will be carried out mostly during daytime. • Proper maintenance of noise generating transport vehicles. • Regular noise level monitoring shall be carried out for taking corrective action • Regular maintenance of heavy earth vehicles may be adopted to reduce noise levels. • All the construction machinery and equipment used shall be provided with adequate noise mufflers and noise suppression equipment. Proper lubrication and maintenance of the machinery & equipment and vehicle will be carried out to minimize the noise generation due to abrasion. • Noise level from loading & unloading of material will be reduced by usage of various types of cranes & placing material on sand or sandy bag beds. • Noise monitoring shall be carried out to ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures and develop a mechanism to record and respond to complaints on noise.
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• Adequate parking space will be provided at the project site to minimize the honking requirement due to congestion and jams and restricting the speed limits. • Protection devices (earplugs or earmuffs) shall be provided to those workers who cannot be isolated from the source of noise and reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels by rotation. • Construction material vehicular movement shall be planned during non-peak hours to avoid traffic congestion in the area.
Operational Phase:
The main sources of noise generation in the proposed project are various types of ID fans, Boiler, pumps & compressors, grinders, DG sets, etc. As per the baseline study, the Noise level in plant is within standard limit which will further increase in site area and nearby are due to the operation of the different machineries at plant. The nearest habitation is at 0.82 Km, S, thus mitigation measures should be more efficient to reduce or neglect the impact on nearest habitation. Noise may cause speech interference, annoyance, hearing impairment, increase in heartbeat/ blood pressure of the human. The noise generated from the project activities will not be escalated significantly due to atmospheric attenuation. Also, by using standard practice of operation, these impacts can be minimized and made insignificant. Typical noise levels generated by various equipments are given in Table 4.10.
Table 4.10 Typical noise levels of different Equipment
S.No. Item Noise Level Identification dB(A) 1. Pump 85 2. Compressor 85 3. Boiler 85 4. DG Set 85 5. Cooling Tower 95 6. Flare 70 7. Furnace 85 8. Turbine 94
The equipments are already designed with enclosures and mufflers which ultimately reduce the noise level around the machinery. According to the literature, the wide tree belts and higher relative height of trees result in more diffraction effect, longer noise pathway and greater noise reduction. Thus, dense greenbelt with 5-20 m high trees shall be planted all around the boundary for reduction of noise level. Suggestive mitigation measures are given below
Mitigation Measures
• Equipment meeting standard of noise shall be used. • All engineering control practice shall be undertaken during installation of machinery to maintain noise level. • Acoustical Enclosures and Mufflers will be provided at all required locations. • Vibration pads and foundation will be provided at all heavy machinery areas.
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• Noise generating units like machinery area, canteen etc. will be well insulated with enclosed doors. • Earmuffs will be used while in high noise areas. Separate cabins will be provided. • Acoustic treatment rooms will be provided at appropriate location. • Well-developed road will be constructed within plant, for smooth and hassle-free movement of personnel; • Proper and timely maintenance of machineries and preventive maintenance of vehicles will be done. • Plantation will be done all over the plant area to provide noise barrier. • Important Instructions will be displayed all over the plant area.
4.7.3 Impact on Water Quality Construction Phase
Water will be required for domestic purpose of construction workers and staff and for carrying out construction activities, curing of structures, material mixing etc. max 110 local labour will be employed. There will be requirement of 5 KLD for labour and 5 KLD of construction purpose. Utilization of water may impact the water demand of the vicinity. Construction will be continued only for 1-2 years; thus, the impact is anticipated to be short term.
The likely impacts on water quality during the construction phase may arise from inappropriate disposal of construction waste, and wastewater generated from the construction sites. Likely waste generation from the site will be of domestic waste. Mitigation measures are proposed as follows:
Mitigation Measures
• No vehicle washing or maintenance will be carried out at the site. • The domestic sewage will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pits. • No fresh water will be used for construction and installation activities. • No ground water will be extracted without permission • No excavation works shall be undertaken during monsoon season. • Water supply and sanitation facilities will be made available at labour camp and other areas at site. • Loose Raw material and construction debris shall be stored in covered areas and paved areas to avoid direct exposure and mixing with run-off • No wastewater will be disposed to the water body. • Operation Phase
The total water requirement for the project is 140 KLD and the freshwater requirement is 95 KLD. The source of fresh water will be Ground water through borewell and rest will be sufficed by re-using 45 KLD treated water from STP/ETP/MEE.
In pesticide industry main source of water pollution is manufacturing process and use of water in other utilities. The wastewater if not properly disposed off, then it can
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The sources of wastewater from the proposed plant is process, boiler, cooling tower, washings, canteen facilities and admin building during operation phase. Wastewater from all sources shall be collected and flow through closed conduit or pipe network to the treatment schemes.
Wastewater will be segregated into two streams i.e. STREAM -I: Concentrated Stream for MEE Treatment and STREAM – II: Diluted Stream for ETP treatment. The entire operation will be in a closed system.
Stream I will be treated in MEE. MEE condensate will be reused within the premises while MEE distillate will be sent to ETP for further treatment. Stream II will be treated in ETP (primary treatment). Treated water will be further treated in RO. RO Permeate generated will be reused in the unit (cooling tower makeup water) while RO reject will be discharged to MEE for treatment and disposal.
There will be no process effluents discharged outside the plant. All the treated effluent will be recycled in process and other utilities. Project shall be Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). All the standards of UPPCB and MoEF&CC shall be maintained.
The ETP sludge and MEE salt will be temporarily stored at site in separate room and sent to the CHWTSDF for disposal. Hence impact on water quality from the proposed project is insignificant.
Online monitoring instruments shall be installed at the SBT and connectivity will be established with UPPCB & CPCB Servers.
Domestic Sewage Treatment The domestic wastewater will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (Capacity-10 KLD). Treated water will be recycled back into the premises for gardening.
The proposed measures to be adopted in the plant for water conservation to minimize the water requirement and waste management are mentioned below
Mitigation Measures
• Segregation of High COD and low COD stream for better treatment of wastewater. • Wastewater from all sources shall be collected and flow through closed conduit or pipe network to the treatment schemes. • Solvent recovery system shall be installed to reduce the waste generation
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• Online monitoring instruments shall be installed at the SBT and connectivity will be established with UPPCB & CPCB Servers. • The domestic wastewater will be discharged to soak pit followed by septic tank. • The Cyanide layer will be collected separately from the main condensation reactor and treated through Alkaline Chlorination method and detoxified mass will be sent to MEE system for further Treatment. • Traces of Pyrethroids will be separately treated. • Hydrolysis for the Detoxification of Pesticides other than Pyrethroids shall be carried out. • Separate storm water and effluent line will be provided in the plant. • Chlorine dosing and fresh air supply will be provided in ETP & SBT to control odour. • Paved area will be provided near to the treatment scheme to avoid contamination of soil. • Two separate storm water line shall be provided in the plant, one from roof top of admin office, QC lab, R&D building and another from other part of the plant. Rainwater from roof top of admin office, etc shall be collected in storage tank and reused in the process after pre-treatment. • In case of spills of chemicals, dry adsorbents/cotton will be used for cleaning instead of water • Spillage during loading, unloading & storage will be channelized properly to drains • Spillage will be managed by detection of leaks in the first place from structures or vessels. • Oil & grease tap will be installed at all required places to avoid mixing with water. • Cushion will be provided to the materials to prevent chemical container breakage • The transportation of the raw material, chemicals & products will be done in Leak Proof MS Tankers/Drums while transporting through trucks & tempo. • All probable leakage areas such as pipelines, joints, pumps and structure of reactor/ storage vessel will be inspected and maintained proactively.
4.7.4 Impact due to Waste Construction Phase
Construction activities lead to generation of sand, gravel, concrete, stone, bricks, wood, metal, glass, polythene sheets, plastic, paper etc. as waste. Various operations during the construction activities lead to the varied compositions in the total solid waste stream and affect the site. Improper storage and disposal of waste may enhance the risk of microbial contamination and enhance the risk of disease occurrence and cause foul smell. Thus, this waste is required to be collected, segregated and disposed in manner that it does not mixes or polluting air, water and soiling environment. Excavated topsoil shall be used for backfilling/ greenbelt development & plantation. Municipal waste will be minimal as most of construction workforce will come from near areas. The waste generated will be collected and segregated and will be disposed off suitably. Hence impacts will be insignificant and for short duration only. These impacts will be confined to the construction site only and no adverse impact on the surroundings is anticipated. As soon as the construction will be over, all wastes from the site will be cleared with due care, meeting regulatory requirement, if any. Mitigation
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-12 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. measures to be adopted at project site for waste management and disposal is given below
Mitigation Measures
• Dustbins shall be provided at site for collection of municipal waste. Municipal waste shall be handed over to local authority on daily basis for disposal. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 and amendments thereof shall be followed at site. • Construction waste will be segregated into inert, recyclable/reusable and discarded material. Majorly waste will be used within the site for construction of roads. Recyclable material will be sold to authorized recyclers. Re-usable material will be stored under covered conditions at site and reject will be disposed off at the designated locations by local body. C&D waste management rules 2016 will be followed. • Hazardous waste generated during construction phase shall be stored-in sealed containers, labelled, and disposed of as required by Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020 • Waste storage shall be done on paved surface and covered area only. • Waste carrying vehicles shall be always covered.
Operation Phase
There will be generation of different kind of Industrial hazardous and non-hazardous wastes from production process and other activities. Waste which are hazardous may cause harm if come into contact with skin and sludge and any other may cause nuisance if not maintained properly. Also, there is potential for accidental spills while re-fueling or servicing vehicles and through the breakage due to wear and tear. Thus, proper disposal of waste is required for to maintain hygiene at site. Proposed Mitigation measures to be adopted in plant are given below
Mitigation Measures
• Hazardous waste will be sent to CHWTSDF site while other solid wastes are segregated in recyclable/salable and non-salable/non-recyclable waste. Salable/recyclable waste will be sold to approved recycler/vendor and Non- salable/non-recyclable waste shall be sent to CHWTSDF. Waste will be disposed as per The Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016 • Many by-products will be recovered from different process and sold to the authorized end user, registered under Rule-9 to reduce the generation of waste. • The ETP sludge and MEE salt will be temporarily stored at site in separate room and sent to the TSDF for disposal. • Solvent recovery plant shall be installed to reduce the waste generation • Waste oil will be collected through the drain ports and stored in leak proof steel drums. The waste oil drums will be properly identified with label of what is contained both in local language (Hindi) and English. Same will be disposed as per
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per the Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020. • Waste will be packed in ISO approved drums/HDPE bags and as per the specifications of internationally approved vendor. All measures will be taken to avoid littering. • The expected municipal solid waste generation at the project site is 50 Kg/day which will be segregated in biodegradable waste and recyclable waste. Recyclable waste will be sold off to authorized vendors. Biodegradable waste will be sent to land fill through vendors. Solid Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2020 shall be followed at site. • Separate paved storage area for Hazardous/Non-Hazardous/Municipal will be provided within the plant area. • Fly ash will be collected in ESP Hoppers that will get pneumatically circulated to storage silos for subsequent transport by trucks. It shall be given to cement manufacturer. In case cement manufacturer is not available, ash will be sent to TSDF site. • Measures will be adopted to minimize the waste. Waste audit shall be conducted annually at site.
4.7.5 Impact on Land Environment Land Acquisition
The present project is a new project called Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project at Plot No. Q2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension - 2, Dist- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403. The total plot area of the project will be 10067.15 m2. Out of total, 3350 m2 i.e. 33.28 % of total plot area will be developed as Green Area.
Land-use Breakup of Project Site
Land Use Area in sq. m. % Ground Coverage 3600.00 35.76 Open & Road area 3117.15 30.96 Green belt 3350 33.28 Total Plot Area 10067.15 100
Site has good connectivity. Existing Road / Rail facility will be used. Site is well connected to NH-2 via interconnecting roads internally and surrounding the industrial estate. A 45m UPSIDC Internal road in the south direction of project connected to 19 m DP road leads to National Highway-2.
Construction Stage Impact
• Being a new site there will be a Land use\Land cover change. • Site Clearance and removal of vegetation. • Change in topography due to site filling and leveling. • Land use/Land cover change outside the plant area if labor camp will be established.
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• Generation of Construction waste Debris, Scraps, Excavated soil, used bags and steel waste. • Removal of Top Soil during construction activities • Generation of Dust from vehicular and construction equipment movement • Impact on forest Land as there is one reserved forest called “Kotban Reserved forest” present very near to the project site. • Generation of any hazardous/Municipal waste during construction activities Construction Stage Mitigation
• The proposed project is in Notified Industrial Area which is in-line with the requirement of land-use for the project i.e. Industrial Use. Hence, there will be no further change of land-use. • No clearance work is involved in the proposed project. Few shrubs will be cleared for proposed project.
• Proper Storm water drainage system should be provided all around the plant premises to avoid water logging • Excavation will be carried out for foundation of building. No other excavation work should be carried out at the site. Some of the excavated soil should be used at the site for leveling. Excavated topsoil should be used for landscaping purpose rest shall be disposed as per C&D waste management Rule. Manufacturing unit should be constructed for the proposed unit • Ensuring that water sprinkling should regularly carried out during construction activities.
• There will be no change in Land use\Land cover outside the plant area. There is no labor colony proposed outside the plant area. Labor will be hired from nearby villages. However, temporary camp sites will be provided with minimum requirement of drinking and sanitation facilities for workers during working hours. • Degradation as project activities should be confined to the project site only so there will not be a change or impact on forest • Municipal Solid Waste: Construction Phase: Approx. 17 kg/day solid waste will be generated that should get disposed off to nearest MSW disposal site. Recyclable waste should be sent to authorize recyclers. Waste generated from the construction activity should be disposed as per be C&D waste Management Rule. No recyclable waste should be disposed in the nearby C&D waste disposal site. Recyclable waste should be sold to recyclers.
Impacts during Operational Phase
Generation of hazardous waste which can pollute the land environment. Details are given below. • Solid waste generation
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-15 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Liquid waste generation • Hazardous waste generation • Other industrial process wastes Mitigation Measures
• Operational Phase: Approx. 50 kg/day of municipal solid waste generated in the plant area should be segregated to biodegradable waste and recyclable waste. 20 kg/day recyclable waste should be sold off to recycler. 30 kg/day biodegradable waste should be disposed off in MSW disposal pit to get converted to manure for horticulture purposes. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 should be followed.
Liquid Waste
• Operational Phase: Total Wastewater Generation from the project will be 47 KLD. 4 KLD domestic sewage should be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant of capacity 10 KLD. 37 KLD (36 KLD Process Effluent + 1 KLD DM Plant Effluent) should be treated in MEE (Capacity 75 KLD). Out of which, 34 KLD MEE Condensate should be reused for cooling tower purposes. 4 KLD distillate along with rest of 6 KLD industrial effluent should be treated in ETP (Capacity- 100 KLD) followed by RO (Capacity- 50 KLD) treatment. Total 42 KLD recycled water should be reused within plant for cooling tower. 3 KLD treated water from STP should be reused in the unit for gardening. The project will be a “Zero-liquid Discharge” Project. • Hazardous chemicals should be used in the manufacturing of Pesticides as per the requirement of raw material. All the chemicals and substances should be handled as per the MSIHC rules and the hazardous waste rules. Storage & handling should be done carefully by qualified and trained person only. • Sewage Sludge: Sludge generated from STP should be processed and reused within the project for manure in green area. ETP Sludge: 350 TPA ETP Sludge being hazardous should not be processed on site and disposed off to nearest TSDF site Fly Ash will be generated from Boiler which should be given to the Cement manufacturer. In case Cement manufacturer is not available, ash should be sent to TSDF site.
4.7.6 Impact on Soil Quality Construction Phase
Excavation or digging will be required to provide foundation. Soil erosion may happen if open areas are left without paving or plantation. Thus, it is required to either pave or green the open areas. Movement of construction vehicles and equipment will lead to compaction of soil. Mitigation measures are required to be taken to prevent the soil pollution which are given below
Mitigation Measures
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-16 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• The topsoil shall be stripped from excavation areas (approx. 15 cm as per IRC guidelines) and stockpiled in covered condition for later reuse in landscaping in covered sheds. • Site shall be cleaned on daily basis. Debris and loose raw material shall be stored on the paved surfaces in covered condition • HSD shall be stored on paved surface and drains will be provided around such surfaces so as to drain out the spillage and prevent mixing from soil. • Fuel, used oil, paints and loose construction material shall be stored on paved surface in covered condition only to prevent its spillage. • Dustbins will be provided at the site and labour camp area for collection of the waste. • Municipal waste from labour camp and site shall be collected and disposed off through local agency in area on daily basis. • Wastewater from site shall be discharged to soak pits. • Temporary roads shall be provided for movement of the vehicles within the project site. • Best management practices shall be adopted to avoid the contamination of soil. • Solid Waste Management (Amendment) rules, 2020 and Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Management Rules, 2016 shall be adhere. Operation Phase Spillage of material like effluent, chemical, Hazardous waste, used oil and fuel may contaminate the soil. Due to improper disposal of solid waste & liquid waste includes the leaching from biodegradable waste and effect on flora from spillage of waste on soil. Improper disposal of Effluent during shutdown may encounter soil and contaminate. Also, there are chances of soil erosion. Thus, mitigation measure measures are required to be taken to prevent the soil pollution which are given below
Mitigation Measures
• Liquid effluent shall be collected through closed loop channel to treatment scheme. Only treated water shall be used for gardening after assuring standards norms of irrigation. No untreated water will be discharged on the land. • Hazardous waste will be managed, transported and disposed as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020. Separate room with paved area will be provided at plant for storage of Hazardous waste. • Solid waste collection and disposal area will be paved area to avoid contamination of soil through leachate. • Water less cleaning will be adopted wherever spill occurs to avoid runoff • No area shall be left excavated or open after any repair & maintenance works • Used oil shall be stored in ISO certified drums to reduce leakage chances and sent to recycler or TSDF • Drains will be provided near machinery area to collect spillage or leakage and channelised to the treatment scheme. • Dry absorbent will be used.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-17 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• All sensors and manual checking shall be done to check leakage. • 33.28% plot area shall be developed as green area.
4.7.7 Impact on Ecology and Biodiversity Construction stage Impacts:
The proposed land is located in Industrial area and already in possession of MG Organics. Being an industrial vacant land, no tree cutting involved with proposed project construction, hence the direct impact on terrestrial ecology (loss of flora and fauna) is likely to be insignificant. As the site is devoid of natural as well as manmade forest, the overall impact on terrestrial ecosystem will be negligible.
The construction activities like excavation, levelling and filling up operation may result in fugitive dust and noise emission. The dust deposition on pubescent leaves of the surrounding vegetation may lead to temporary reduction of photosynthesis and high noise in the area may disturb the wild fauna specially avifauna. The runoff from construction area may lead to a short-term increase in suspended solids and decrease in dissolved oxygen near the discharge point in receiving water body. This may lead to a temporary decrease in the photosynthetic activity of phyto-planktons, rise in anaerobic conditions and food chain modification.
Mitigation Measures
➢ Dust generation due to construction activities be confined mostly to the initial period of the construction phase and would be minimized through paving of roads, surface treatment, regular water sprinkling in dust generating areas and green area. ➢ Proper drainage network shall be developed and storm water shall be channelized through sedimentation basins to control suspended solids. However, for major part of the year during construction phase, no significant impact is expected, as the no. of days with heavy monsoon are limited. ➢ All project activities shall be undertaken with appropriate noise mitigation measures to avoid disturbance to human as well as faunal population in the region. ➢ Activities generating high noise shall be restricted to day time and will be mitigated to minimize the noise level outside the site boundary. ➢ Movement of construction and transport vehicles shall be restricted to dedicated paths to minimize any harm to small mammals/ reptiles within the site. ➢ General awareness regarding wildlife shall be enhanced through putting signage, posters, among the staff and labourers. ➢ Dense greenbelt in more than 33% area (3350 m2) shall be developed in the plant area, further it will act as a barrier to dust and noise.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-18 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Operation Stage Impacts
The impact on the surrounding ecology during the operation of the project will mainly occur from the deposition of air pollutants. Air pollution affects the biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem individually and synergistically with other pollutants. Chronic and acute effects on plants and animals may be induced when the concentration of air pollutants exceeds threshold limits.
No national park, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve exists within 10 km area of the project. No endangered or rare or threatened plant or animal species was observed within 10 km area of the project site. There is no endangered or Schedule-I faunal species present in the study area except Pavo cristatus which is a schedule-I species. The Indian Peafowl is categorized as ‘Least Concerned’ in the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List. A least concern (LC) species is a species which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (before 2001) conservation dependent.The impact on the surrounding ecology during the operation of the project will mainly occur from the deposition of air pollutants.
Air pollution affects the biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem individually and synergistically with other pollutants. Chronic and acute effects on plants and animals may be induced when the concentration of air pollutants exceeds threshold limits. Particulate emission and other gaseous emissions from the proposed plant are the major pollutant that may affect the ecology of the area. The incremental emission of air pollutants is not likely to induce any significant changes in the ecology because the national ambient air quality standards will remain within the limits. The incremental MGLC of PM, SO2, CO, NOx, HCL, HBr and Cl2 generated from the proposed plant will be very less and overall incremental GLC will remains within the NAAQS. Proposed plant is zero liquid discharge basis so no wastewater will be discharged. All solid waste and hazardous waste shall be disposed as per norm. Therefore, impact of emission on the surrounding vegetation will be insignificant.
Mitigation Measures ➢ The project is planned with most efficient air pollution control systems for achieving air emissions norms, so that the impact on nearby ecosystem is minimized. Most of the fugitive dust emission generation points are also fitted with efficient air pollution control systems (Plant de-dusting systems). ➢ Water sprinkling/dry fog type system will be used at material handling points to suppress the generation of fugitive dust. ➢ No waste water shall be discharge outside the plant premises. The treated effluent shall be recycled and re-utilized within the premises for de-dusting and maintenance of green-belt. ➢ All the solid and hazardous waste shall be disposed as per the norms EMP for Biological Environment Quality Ecological base line surveys in the core and buffer zones, reveals no exceptional features of wildlife interest. The survey based on following criteria.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-19 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table 4.11 Ecological criteria & Observations
Land use The proposed site is an industrial plot and already developed by UPSIDC. No natural vegetation present in site except some herbs and grasses. No sensitive ecosystem are present within 10 km area of the project site. Diversity Species diversity of flora as well as fauna species is restricted to agro ecosystem. Rarity There is no endemic, rare or threatened species in site as well as in study area. Proximity There are no Biosphere Reserve, National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, present within 10 km area of the site Potential value Wide and dense greenbelt development in project shall be initiated with start of project construction which will increase habitat condition especially for avifauna. 4.7.8 Socio-economic environment Impacts during Construction Phase: ❖ The proposed project is in Notified Industrial Area which is in-line with the requirement of land-use for the project i.e. Industrial Use. Hence, there will be no further change of land-use. However, the proposed site is a vacant land that will be converted to Industrial Unit. ❖ There would be a temporary influx of people during the construction phase of the project. ❖ During the construction phase work/jobs will be generated for skilled, semiskilled and unskilled labors. Construction Phase: 110 no. of local labour shall be required for proposed project. ❖ Vehicular Emissions like CO & HC’s and dust generation due to use of construction machinery and vehicles local peoples may be affected. ❖ During construction period some number of Debris, Scraps, Excavated soil, used bags, Steel in bits and pieces and cardboards waste shall be generated. ❖ Solid waste generation in construction waste will be excavated soil. ❖ Other solid waste will be generated are E-waste, Cut/torn PP bags plastic waste, rubber waste, empty barrels oil, empty containers of chemicals used in processes. ❖ Sewage will be generated from the temporary labour camp during the construction phase. ❖ Noise is expected to be generated during construction phase mainly from application of heavy machinery and traffic. ❖ Dust or Odor from handling of materials including construction materials, sewage and waste. Mitigation Measures Construction Phase: ❖ The workforce required during the construction phase will be depending upon construction activities. Thus, impact on the physical and aesthetic resources will be minimal.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-20 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
❖ The project proponent shall ensure that most of the workforce shall be engaged from the nearby villages/town. ❖ Construction Phase: Approx. 17 kg/day solid waste will be generated that should get disposed off to nearest MSW disposal site. Recyclable waste should be sent to authorize recyclers. ❖ Debris, Scraps, excavated soil, used bags, steel in bits and pieces and cardboards waste shall be generated and should be disposed properly. ❖ Other solid waste generated will be E-waste, Cut/torn PP bags plastic waste, rubber waste, empty barrels oil, empty containers of chemicals used in processes. ❖ The dust shall be generated from vehicular and construction equipment movement (but will be minimal). The emission generated from the process will be thoroughly scrubbed. All appropriate measures will be taken to control odor and dust. ❖ Construction Phase: Noise is expected to be generated during construction phase mainly from application of heavy machinery and traffic. Regular maintenance of machineries will be carried out to prevent noise pollution. PPE’s will be provided to workers. Impacts during Operation Phase: ❖ Likely air pollutants from proposed project shall be PM, Acid mist & Cl. ❖ Ground water contamination is also expected due to the proposed project activities which would affect the local peoples. ❖ It is anticipated that during the operation phase, the proposed project will also generate some indirect employment due to additional sales / transportation activities etc. ❖ Operation Phase: Total influx of population will be 100 no. including staff and visitors. ❖ Improper management of waste material and effluents from the proposed activities may affect the local peoples. ❖ Noise is expected to be generated from running machineries in manufacturing process but within CPCB limit. ❖ Generation of Solid, Liquid and Hazardous waste generation Mitigation Measures during Operation Phase: ❖ All air pollution control techniques and systems will be installed in the plant to reduce the emissions. The plant will be maintaining all emission norms prescribed by MoEF&CC/UPPCB/CPCB. Stacks with appropriate pollution control system shall be introduced in the plants Operational Phase: Approx. 50 kg/day of municipal solid waste generated in the plant area will be segregated to biodegradable waste and recyclable waste. 20 kg/day recyclable waste will be sold off to recycler. 30 kg/day biodegradable waste will be disposed off in MSW disposal pit to get converted to manure for horticulture purposes. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 shall be followed. ❖ Operational Phase: The industry should obtain authorization under Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2020
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-21 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
for the waste generated and categorized under hazardous waste as per Schedule of The Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Trans boundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020. The generated hazardous waste should be stored in designated Hazardous waste storage room up to maximum of 90 days and should be disposed to either TSDF or authorized recyclers. ❖ Fly Ash will be generated from Boiler which should be given to the Cement manufacturer. In case Cement manufacturer is not available, ash should be sent to TSDF site. ❖ Sewage/Liquid Effluent: The project will be Zero liquid Discharge Unit.
Solid Waste: The hazardous waste should be sent to nearest TSDF site or reused within the unit.
Occupational Health & Safety • All the staff will be trained for carrying out the work assigned keeping the safety as priority. • All staff will be provided with personal protective equipment like ear plugs/mufflers, masks, gloves, etc as required • Periodic inspection of PPE will be done to ensure that they are in proper condition by keeping the records • Workers medical Tests will be undertaken periodically. • Dispensary with Ambulance facility will be provided in the plant. • Proper signage about the stations, entry, exit, fire exit, directions, safety messages, conservation of energy & water, non-spitting, non-littering, restricted entry etc. will be provided at all the place to make the staff about the risks involved and required safety measures to be taken • Entry to the control rooms, firefighting rooms, Boiler room and DG area and other similar areas will be restricted to limited persons • Dos and Don’ts during the natural calamity and accidents will be displayed for staff so as they know what is to be done during and after emergency. • Trainings will be conducted on regular basis to train about the safety procedures and strictly following the rules • Fire-fighting equipment will be provided at all the locations • Eyewash facility and a safety shower will be provided at all locations • Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) cell shall be developed in the plant.
4.7.9 Traffic Impacts The site is accessible through NH-2 (Hodal-Kosi Road) which passes across 1.14 Km, E of project site. Site is well connected to 18 m wide industrial road. The transportation of material will be through internal road of UPSIDC which is further connected to the NH-2. The transportation of raw material and finished product will be through Road only. As per the study conducted, no major traffic is present at this road. With the operation of proposed project, the traffic volume would increase further. However, the incremental will be very less in comparison to the carrying capacity of the road. LOS
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-22 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. will be increase after project 47.28%. Thus, no major impact is anticipated in the nearby road due to the proposed project.
4.8 Conclusion
From above analysis, it is found that the impacts anticipated vary from high to low significance and magnitude. No Major impact is anticipated during the preconstruction and constriction phase. However, during operation phase, impact is anticipated due to increased polluted air quality, wastewater generation and increased noise level. The project also has various positive impacts like indirect employment generation, increase in the indigenous production and ease of the availability of Pesticide to farmers. It is believed that the anticipated negative impacts can be normalized by taking the proposed mitigation measures. Analysis of significance of the impacts pre & post implementation of the mitigation measures is given in Table 4.12. Proper environment and social management plans are to be prepared for ensuring implementation of the proposed mitigation measures
Table 4.12 Analysis of Significance of with & without Mitigation Measures
S. No. Activity Impact Significance -Pre mitigation Impact measures Significance – Post mitigation measures Pre-Construction 1. Pre- No Impacts Nil construction Construction Phase 1. Air short term, reversible, buffer zone and Low significance moderate severity, i.e. low significance (will be further reduce) 2. Noise short term, reversible, buffer zone and Low significance moderate severity, i.e. low significance (will be further reduce) 3. Water short term, reversible, core zone and low Nil severity, i.e. low significance 4. Waste short term, reversible, core zone and low Nil severity, i.e. low significance 5. Land Long term, Irreversible, core zone & Nil moderate; Moderate Significance 6. Soil Long term, Irreversible, core zone & Low significance moderate; Moderate Significance 7. Ecology short term, reversible, buffer zone and Low significance moderate severity, i.e. low significance 8. Socio- Long term, Irreversible, buffer zone & Nil economic low, i.e., moderate Significance 9. Traffic short term, reversible, buffer zone and Low Significance Impact moderate severity, i.e. low significance Operation Phase
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-23 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
1. Air Long term, Irreversible, spread over Low significance buffer zone and of high severity, i.e., (will further High Significance reduce) 2. Noise Long term, reversible, spread over buffer Low significance zone and of high severity, i.e., Moderate (will further Significance reduce) 3. Water Long term, Irreversible, spread over Low significance buffer zone and of high severity, i.e., (will further High Significance reduce) 4. Waste Long term, reversible, spread over buffer Low significance zone and of high severity, i.e., Moderate (will further Significance reduce) 5. Land Long term, Irreversible, Core zone and of Low significance moderate intensity, i.e. moderate significance 6. Soil Long term, Irreversible, Core zone and of Low significance moderate intensity, i.e. moderate (will further significance reduce) 7. Ecology Short term, reversible, spread over Low significance buffer zone and of low intensity, i.e. low (will further significance reduce) 8. Socio- Long term, Irreversible, spread over Low significance economic buffer zone and of high intensity, i.e., (will further High Significance reduce) 9. Traffic Long term, reversible, spread over buffer Low significance Impact zone and of moderate, i.e., Moderate Significance
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 4-24 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER 5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITES)
This chapter presents a comparative analysis of various alternatives considered to avoid or minimize impacts that would be inevitable if technically (based on design) best-fit technology and site are followed.
5.1 Analysis of Alternative Site
The proposed site is in UPSIDC industrial area. As site is located in notified industrial area, thus no alternate site has been examined. Positive merits of the project site are as follows
• Enough land is available for proposed land. • Project site is well connected to the NH-2 through wide local road. • Project site is in notified UPSIDC industrial area. Thus, no change in land use is required. • There are no environmentally sensitive areas like National Parks, Sanctuaries, within the 10 Km radius of project site. However, Kotban Reserved Forest exists at 0.22 km, S from the project site. • Supply of power, water and other utilities area available near the project site. • Basic infrastructure for transportation of raw material and finished product and social infrastructure is present near the project site. • Adequate land is available for development of enough green area as per guidelines. • Skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labour is available near the site.
There will not be any major impact on the environment due the project location as per the above said reasons.
5.2 Alternative Technology
The company is adopting many technologies to improve the production and achieving Environmental sustainability. Company will use the state-of-the-art equipment to insure consistency and quality throughout the manufacturing process. Its greater efficiencies allow to produce the highest quality at a competitive price while minimizing our footprint on the environment. Environmental aspects of present scheme are not just limited impact of sources of pollution but also related to energy conservation, water conservation and other issues which are mentioned below 4Rs- Reduction, Reuse, Recycling and Recovery
• To minimize the waste, extraction of by-product for sale will be done from process. • Solvent recovery system shall be installed for recovery of solvent.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 5-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• De-dusting system and other methods will be adopted in the plant to avoid loss of Raw material and products. • Wastewater generated from plant will be segregated in high & low TDS and further will be treated in appropriate treatment scheme. The treated water will be reused within the plant to reduce the freshwater demand. • Rainwater from administrative buildings will be stored and reused in the plant after pre-treatment to reduce the freshwater demand. • Energy saving measures provided by BEE shall be adopted to reduce the power consumption.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 5-2 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME
This chapter presents a monitoring programme for pollution control at source, monitoring pollutants at receiving environment for appropriate notified parameters, specific programme to monitor safety and health protection of workers.
6.1 Objective
Monitoring program has the underlying objective to ensure that the intended environmental mitigations are realized and these results in desired benefits to the target population causing minimal deterioration to the environmental parameters. Such program targets proper implementation of the EMP. The broad objectives are:
• To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP. • To evaluate the adequacy of Environmental Assessment. • To suggest ongoing improvements in management plan based on the monitoring and to devise fresh monitoring on the basis of the improved EMP. • To enhance environmental quality through proper implementation of suggested mitigation measures. • To meet the requirements of the existing environmental regulatory framework and community obligations. The purpose of environmental monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implantation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodically monitoring the important environmental parameters within impact area, so that any adverse effects are detected and timely action can be taken.
6.2 Performance Indicators
The significant physical, biological and social components affecting the environment at critical locations serve as wider/overall Performance Indicators. However, the following specific environmental parameters can be quantitatively measured and compared over a period of time, therefore selected as specific Performance Indicators (PIs) for monitoring because of their regulatory importance and the availability of standardized procedures and relevant expertise.
• Air Quality & Stack monitoring with respect to Particulate Matters (PM10,
PM2.5), NOx, SO2, CO, HC, VOC, HCl, HBr, Cl2 • Water Quality for parameters defined in IS 10500: 2012, MoEF&CC notification- G.S.R. 446 (E) dated 13.06.2011 & The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and as per instruction given in CTO. • Noise levels as per CPCB Guidelines and at selected locations.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 6-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Soil Quality • Survival rates of trees planted and Green area development • Workspace Monitoring • Occupational Health & Safety
6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring
Ambient air quality monitoring for Particulate Matters (PM10 & PM2.5), Nitrogen
Dioxide (NOx), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), VOC, Hydrocarbon (HC) shall be done right from the commencement of construction activity at selected locations on site, industry and residential areas near the project site etc.
Recommended Stack monitoring parameters are Particulate Matters, Nitrogen
Dioxide (NOx), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), HCl, HBr and Cl2. These will be monitored weekly after commencement of the operational activity. All air polluting stack shall be monitored. Any Deviation from the standards shall be examined and action will be taken to control air pollution. Emission from stack shall be monitored as per MoEF&CC and CPCB guideline. Regular maintenance of stack shall be done to control the emission.
Continuous online Ambient Air quality Monitoring system and stack monitoring system will be installed at the plant to monitor the parameters are within the limit. Any Increase in parameter will be recorded and corrective action shall be taken.
6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring The physical and chemical parameters recommended for analysis of Drinking water and ground water quality relevant to project will be as mentioned in IS 10500:2012. The location, duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are given in the Environmental Monitoring Plan.
Inlet & Outlet of ETP, MEE and SBT, drinking water and nearby ground water quality will be examined to check water quality and maintain norms given in EPA, MoEF&CC and UPPCB. Any Increase in parameter will be recorded and corrective action shall be taken. Online SCADA system is installed to check the efficiency.
Fish Toxicity Factor Test shall be done at least once every month by the company and done by third party monitoring at least every three months.
Online monitoring instruments shall be installed at the SBT and connectivity will be established with UPPCB & CPCB Servers.
6.2.3 Noise Level Monitoring The measurements for monitoring noise levels would be carried out at sensitive receptors and at high noise area. Also, Noise monitoring will be done for DG set. Sound pressure levels would be monitored on twenty-four-hour basis. Noise is
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 6-2 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. recorded at “A” weighted frequency using a “slow time response mode” of the measuring instrument.
6.2.4 Soil Quality The physical and chemical parameters of soil shall be monitored regularly to check soil contamination. Mitigation measures is taken in case of contamination is noted. Also, the NPK of soil will be monitored to check fertility of the soil.
6.2.5 Green Area Development The green area development will be monitored during the construction and operation phase. The main indicator will be survival rate of the plantation.
6.2.6 Work Place Monitoring The monitoring will be done in work zone area to monitor airborne pollutant as per OHSAS guidelines. OHSAS norms shall be followed in the unit to control the pollutant at work site and maintain the threshold limit given by OHSAS.
6.2.7 Occupational Health & Safety The Environment Management Cell will also be responsible for the health and safety of the plant personnel. It will direct the safety department for the maintenance of the equipments, ensure that the equipment is always in operation, check health records, etc. The health of the workers will be monitored on a regular basis by a well-qualified doctor and proper records will be kept for each worker as per the requirements of the Factories Act. A full-fledged Occupational Health Centre shall be developed within the plant area. Pre-placement and periodically examination (Physical examination, Urine Routine examination, Hematology, LFT, Blood Sugar, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing, ECG, etc.) of Staff and works will be done by company to analyze the health status as per OHSAS guideline. Occupational Health & Safety policy is developed at the plant.
6.3 Environmental Monitoring Laboratory
A full fledge laboratory will be developed within the plant area for inhouse analysis of air, water, soil, and Noise. Full time staff will be provided in the lab.
6.4 Environment Monitoring Plan
The purpose of environmental monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodic monitoring. The important environmental parameters within the impact area are selected so that any adverse effects are detected, and time action can be taken. The project proponent will monitor the following environment component in accordance with an approved monitoring schedule as shown in Table 6.1.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 6-3 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table 6.1 : Environmental Monitoring Program
S. Type Locations Parameters Period and No. Frequency During Construction Phase
1. Ambient Air Four location in HC, CO, SO2, NO2x, PM2.5 Half Yearly Quality and around the & PM10 (24 hr project site average samples) 2. Potable Borewell Drinking water Half Yearly Water parameters as per IS 10500: 2012. 3. Water Water being Water parameter as per IS Half Yearly Quality used for 456 Monitoring of construction construction work water 4. Groundwater Nearby project Drinking water Half Yearly (Potability site parameters as per IS testing) 10500: 2012. 5. Ambient Two locations in dB (A) levels (Morning and Daily Noise and around the Night time) project site. 6. Soil quality One location in Organic matter, C.H., N, Half Yearly Project site Alkalinity, Acidity, heavy metals and trace metal. 7. Occupational Construction Availability and use of Daily health & sites material Barricades, Availability of Safety storage site traffic marshals, Safety kit, Use of PPE by workers, Availability of firefighting equipment, Outcome of daily safety meetings, analysis of incidents/accidents if any 8. Waste Construction Compliance to EMP Daily sites, labour requirements with regard camps, site to storage, transportation office & Storage & disposal of Debris, Yards excess earth and other waste. 9. Construction Construction Availability of Safety kit, Daily Vehicle sites and first aid kit, maintenance material storage &service records, DL sites (driving license), PUC, drivers training records, driver awareness 10. Sanitation Construction Condition of toilets, Daily sites, labour availability of water in camps, site toilets, provision of septic office & Storage tank, availability of clean Yards drinking water
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S. Type Locations Parameters Period and No. Frequency During Operation Phase
1. Ambient Air Four location in CO, VOC, HC, SO2, NOx, Monthly (24 Quality and around the PM2.5 & PM10 hr average project site samples)
2. Stack Boiler, Process HCl, HBr, CO, Cl2, SO2, Weekly Monitoring stack, DG sets NOx, PM (as per expected emissions) 3. Potable Borewell Drinking water Monthly Water parameters as per IS 10500. 4. Water Three locations Drinking water Half Yearly Quality near the project parameters as per IS site 10500. 5. Surface All Surface Drinking water Half Yearly Water water body parameters as per IS Quality nearby to the 10500. site (5 Km) 6. ETP, MEE & Inlet and Outlet pH, oil & grease, Monthly SBT conductivity, SS, CN, As, Hexavalent Chromium, Total Chromium, TDS, Total Ammonia Nitrogen, Free Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Chloride, Nitrate, Temperate, Zinc, Sulphate, Sodium, Nitrate, Insecticides/Pesticides, Bio-Assay Test (other applicable parameters given in G.S.R. 446 (E) dated 13.06.2011) And as per EPA,MoEF&CC and UPPCB 7. Nosie Six location in dB (A) levels (Night & Day Monthly and around the time) project site, Inside and outside of DG set Enclosure 8. Soil quality Two locations Organic matter, C.H., N, Half Yearly within the Alkalinity, Acidity, heavy project Site metals and trace metal. 9. Green Belt All over the Maintenance of Daily project site Vegetation, greenbelt/green cover
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S. Type Locations Parameters Period and No. Frequency 10. Waste Project Site Storage, segregation, Daily handling and characterization of waste 11. Occupational All workers Health checkup of Half Yearly health & working in the Workers as given in Safety site. Section 6.2.7. Training related to Environment, Health and Safety 12. Work Zone Project Site - Noise and Traces of HC, Quarterly Work Zone- 5 HCl, HBr, Cl2 locations- Process area
6.5 Submission of Compliance & Audit
As per the MoEF&CC guideline, Environment monitoring report and compliance of conditions mentioned in the environment clearance will be submitted to the RO- MoEF&CC, SPCB, MoEF&CC online portal i.e., parivesh and shall be uploaded on company’s website. Compliances will be submitted in month of June and December for the period of April to September and October to March respectively. Third party laboratory (approved MoEF & NABL laboratory) shall be appointed for carrying out the monitoring. Also, self-environmental audit, Health and safety audit shall be conducted annually.
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CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES
This Chapter provides the details about the Risk Assessment, Disaster Management Plan (DMP) and on-site emergency plan as proposed for the proposed project.
7.1 Hazards Analysis and Risk Assessment
7.1.1 Introduction Industrial plants deal with materials, which are generally hazardous in nature by virtue of their intrinsic chemical properties or their operating temperatures or pressures or a combination of these. Fire, explosion, toxic release or combinations of these are the hazards associated with industrial plants using hazardous chemicals. More comprehensive, systematic and sophisticated methods of Safety Engineering, such as, Hazard Analysis and Quantitative Risk Assessment have now been developed to improve upon the integrity, reliability and safety of industrial plants. The primary emphasis in safety engineering is to reduce risk to human life, property and environment. Some of the more important methods used to achieve this are:
• Quantitative Risk Analysis: Provides a relative measure of the likelihood and severity of various possible hazardous events by critically examining the plant process and design. • Work Safety Analysis: The technique discerns whether the plant layout and operating procedures in practice have any inherent infirmities. • Safety Audit: Takes a careful look at plant operating conditions, work practices and work environments to detect unsafe conditions. Together, these three broad tools attempt to minimize the chances of accidents occurring. Yet, there always exists, no matter how remote, probability of occurrence of a major accident. If the accident involves highly hazardous chemicals in sufficiently large quantities, the consequences may be serious to the plant, to surrounding areas and the populations residing therein. 7.1.2 Risk Assessment A three ‘levels’ risk assessment approach has been adopted for the M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. (henceforth MGO) has proposed to setup a “Pesticide Manufacturing Project” at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403. The risk assessment levels are generally consistent with the practices encountered through various assignments for medium and large chemical complexes. The brief outline of the three-tier approach is given below: ➢ Level 1 – Risk Screening
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This is top-down review of worst- case potential hazards/risks, aimed primarily at identifying plant sites or areas within plant, which pose the highest risk. Various screening factors considered include:
• Inventory of hazardous materials; • Hazardous Materials properties;
• Storage conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure); • Location sensitivity (distance to residential areas / populace). The data / information are obtained from plant. The results provide a relative indication of the extent of hazards and potential for risk exposure. ➢ Level 2 – Major Risk Survey (Semi - Quantitative) The survey approach combines the site inspection with established risk assessment techniques applied both qualitative as well quantitative mode. The primary objective is to identify and select major risks at a specific location in the plant considering possible soft spots / weak links during operation / maintenance. Aspects covered in the risk usually include:
• Process Hazards; • Process Safety Management Systems;
• Fire Protection and Emergency response equipment and programs.
• Security Vulnerability; • Impact of hazards consequences (equipment damage, business interruption, injury, fatalities);
• Qualitative risk identification of scenarios involving hazardous materials; • Risk reduction measures. Selection of critical scenarios and their potential of damage provide means of prioritizing mitigative measures and allocate the resources to the areas with highest risks. ➢ Level 3 – Quantitative Risk Assessment (Deterministic) This is the stage of assessment of risks associated with all credible hazards (scenarios) with potential to cause an undesirable outcome such as human injury, fatality or destruction of property. The four basic elements include: i. Hazards identification utilizing formal approach (Level 2, HAZOP etc.); ii. Frequency Analysis. Based on past safety data (incidents / accidents); Identifying likely pathway of failures and quantifying the toxic / inflammable material release; iii. Hazards analysis to quantify the consequences of various hazards scenarios (fire, explosion, BLEVE, toxic vapour release etc.). Establish minimum value for damage (e.g. IDLH, over pressure, radiation flux) to assess the impact on environment.
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iv. Risk Quantification: Quantitative techniques are used considering effect / impact due to weather data, population data, and frequency of occurrences and likely hood of ignition / toxic release. Data are analysed considering likely damage (in terms of injury / fatality, property damage) each scenarios is likely to cause. QRA provides a means to determine the relative significance of a number of undesired events, allowing analyst and the team to focus their risk reduction efforts where they will be beneficial most. The total capacity of the proposed MGOPL plant will be 700 MT/month (Insecticide- 200 MT/month, Fungicide-100 MT/month, Herbicide- 100 MT/month, Advanced specific pesticides intermediates- 100 MT/month and Research & Development- based Products- 200 MT/month). The plant also proposes formulation unit with a total capacity of 300 MT/month. Table 7.1 gives the list of products to be manufactured in the proposed MGOPL project. Table 7.2 gives the list of bulk storages of hazardous raw materials. Table 7.1 MGOPL Products Details
Sr Proposed . capacity N (MT/mont o. Name of Product h) CAS No. INSECTICIDE GROUP 1 Diafenthiuron 80060-09-9 2 Spiromesifen 283594-90-1 3 Novaluron 116714-46-6 4 Pyriproxyfen 95737-68-1 5 Acetamiprid 135410-20-7 6 Dinotefuran 165252-70-0 7 Nitenpyram 150824-47-8 200 8 Thiamethoxam 153719-23-4 9 Pymetrozine 123312-89-0 10 Lamda-Cyhalothrin 68085-85-8 11 Bifenthrin 82657-04-3 12 Profenophos 41198-08-7 13 Chlorantraniliprole 500008-45-7 14 Flubendiamide 272451-65-7 FUNGICIDE GROUP 15 Thifluzamide 130000-40-7 16 Azoxistrobin 131860-33-8 17 Pyraclostrobin 100 175013-18-0 18 Tebuconazole 107534-96-3 19 Difenoconazole 119446-68-3 HERBICIDE GROUP 20 Bensulfuron 83055-99-6 100 21 Pyrazosulfuron 93697-74-6
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22 Penoxsulam 219714-96-2 23 Glufosinate 77182-82-2 24 Glyphosate 1071-83-6 25 Pretilachlor 51218-49-6 26 Clodinafop 105512-06-9 27 Quizalofop 100646-51-3 28 Clomazone 81777-89-1 29 Metribuzin 21087-64-9 30 Ethopen 16672-87-0 ADVANCED PESTICIDE SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES 31 1,2, 4 Triazole 288-88-0 2- Chloro 5- Chloromethyl 32 Pyridine (CCMP) 70258-18-3 2- Nitroaminoimidazoline 33 (NII) 5465-96-3 2- Chloro 5- ChloromethylThiazole 34 (CCMT) 105827-91-6 3-Methyl-4- 100 nitroiminoperhydro-1,3,5- 35 oxadiazine 153719-38-1 (R)-(+)-2-(4- Hydroxyphenoxy)propionic 36 acid 94050-90-5 37 1,1-Di ChloroPinacolin 22591-21-5 4-Amino-6-(tert-butyl)-3- mercapto-1,2,4-triazin- 38 5(4H)-one 33509-43-2 Research & Development 39 Based Products 200 TOTAL 700 40 Formulations 300
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Table 7.2 Hazardous Raw Material Bulk Storages
Sr. Name of Type MOC No Dimension Size (KL) No. Hazardous Chemical 1 Sulphuric liquid MS 1 Above ground MS tank 10KL Acid 2 Caustic Liquid MS 1 Above ground MS tank Soda Lye 48 20KL % 3 Hydrochloric Liquid HDPE/ 2 Above ground MS tank 15KL Acid PPFRP 4 Bromine liquid MSGL 1 Glass bottles 5KL 5 Toluene liquid MS 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, Horizontal cylindrical tank with flat ends 20KL
6 TEA liquid Drum 1 - 5KL 7 MDC liquid Drum - - 5KL 8 Thionyl liquid Drum - - 5KL Chloride 9 EDC liquid SS304 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, Horizontal cylindrical 20KL tank with flat ends 10 Methanol liquid MS 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, Horizontal cylindrical 20KL tank with flat ends 11 IPA liquid MS 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, Horizontal cylindrical 20KL tank with flat ends 12 Formic Acid liquid Carboyl - (PVC) 35 litre each 2 KL can 13 DMF liquid MS - 100 no. (Dimethyl (5 m dia x 5 m height) 20 KL Formamide) 14 n-Hexane liquid MS 1 3 m dia. x 3.5 m height, Horizontal cylindrical 20KL tank with flat ends 15 Sodium Solid Bags - 200 bags 10 MT Hydroxide 16 Chlorine Gas Tonner 5 4500 kg (5 tonners) 4500kg 17 Phenol Liquid Drum - 25 drums 5 MT Other Hazardous Chemicals S.No. Chemical Type Mode of Mode of Transport Storage Storage Quantity 18 Liquid Liquid Ventilated By road 1 MT Ammonia storage 19 Sodium Powder Key and By road 5 MT Cyanide lock room
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7.1.3 Risk Screening Approach Proposed Plant: Risk screening of MGOPL plant was undertaken through data / information provided by MGOPL. Data of major / bulk storages of raw materials, intermediates and other chemicals were collected. MSDS of hazardous chemicals were studied vis a vis their inventories and mode of storage. MGOPL plant will be using number of hazardous chemicals and also producing pesticides chemicals – all hazardous in nature. The chemicals stored in bulk (liquid or gaseous) and defined under MSHIC Rule will be considered for detailed analysis. Hazardous materials have been defined under MSIHC Rules (1989) - 2 (e) which means. (i) Any chemical which satisfies any of the criteria laid down in Part I of Schedule I and is listed in Column 2 of Part II of this Schedule; • Toxic Chemicals: Chemicals having the following values of acute toxicity and which owing to their physical and chemical properties, are capable of producing major accident hazards
S. No Toxicity Oral Dermal Inhalation Remarks Toxicity Toxicity Toxicity LD50 LD50 LC50 (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/l)
1 Extremely Toxic >5 < 40 < 0.5
2 Highly Toxic >5 – 50 > 20 – 200 < 0.5 – 2.0
3 Toxic >50 - 200 > 200 - > 2 - 10 1000
Flammable chemicals:
(i) Flammable gases; 20 0C and at standard pressure of 101.3 KPa are: • Ignitable when in a mixture of 13% or less by volume with air, or; • Have a flammable range with air of at least 12% points regardless of the lower flammable limits. (ii) Extremely flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or equal to 230C and the boiling point less than 350C; (iii) Very Highly flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or equal to 23 0C and the boiling point higher than 35 0C; (iv) Highly Flammable Liquid: Chemicals which have a flash point lower than or equal to 60 0C but higher than 23 0C. (v) Flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point higher than 60 0C but lower than 90 0C.
• Explosives: Explosive means a solid or liquid or pyrotechnics substance (or a mixture of substances) or an article.
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a. Which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to surroundings; b. Which is designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as the result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reaction. (ii) any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 2;
(iii) any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 3;
MGOPL will be manufacturing “30” technical grade pesticides products. In addition, there will be ADVANCED PESTICIDE SPECIFIC INTERMEDIATES. However, hazards potential (for damage) of products and other materials to plant personnel, environment and off-site area is different for different materials. MGO will be storing nearly nineteen materials (in bulk/Tanks/drums) and are listed in “List of hazardous and Toxic Chemicals” category under MSIHC Rules, 1989. The raw materials coming under hazardous category as specified by MSIHC Rules, 1989 (including subsequent amendments) is given in Table 7.3 below:
Table 7.3
S Material S. No & Threshold Chemicals Hazards Potential Remarks No Quantity (TQ in Kg) as per MSHIC Rules
Schedu Sche Schedul Hazards Toxic le-1, dule- e-3, DT->---mg/Kg; Part-II 2, Part-I Part- OT----mg/Kg; I IT----mg/l; (Rats)
1. 591 Flammability: ERPG-1: 2.0 Sulphuric Acid 3 CAS No: 7664- Will not burn mg/m Health 93-9 UN No: ERPG-2: 10 1830 Hazard: mg/m3 Extremely hazardous - ERPG-3: 30 use full mg/m3 protection; IDLH: 15 Reactivity: mg/m3 Violent chemical change possible 2. Caustic Soda 571 ------Not ERPG-1: 0.5 (Sodium flammable; ppm Hydroxide) CAS Corrosive to No: 1310-730-2 ERPG-2: 5.0 metals and UN No: 1823 ppm
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tissue. ERPG-3: 50 Hazardous. ppm
IDLH: ---- ppm
3. 313 Not ERPG-1: 3.0 Plant uses liquid and Hydrochloric acid (Gas) Flammable; ppm emits HCl gas Inhalation of CAS No: 7647- ERPG-2: 20 01-0 UN No: fumes results ppm 1789 in coughing and choking ERPG-3: 150 sensation, ppm and irritation IDLH: ---- ppm of nose and lungs. Liquid causes burns
4. 84 17 106 Stable. DT---- Toxicology Bromine Incompatible OT----1700 CAS No:7726-95- TQ- TQ-1: with reducing May be fatal if mg/Kg (mouse); 6 1: 10 agents, alkali inhaled. Highly toxic 50 40 MT metals, IT--2700 mg/m3; by inhalation, UN No:1744 MT powdered 8 hrs ingestion or skin TQ-2: metals, steel, (Rats) contact. Causes TQ- 500 MT iron, copper, severe burns. 2: organic Lachrymator. Typical materials. TLV 0.1 ppm. Typical 500 STEL 0.3 ppm MT Toxicology
May be fatal if inhaled. Highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion or skin contact. Causes severe burns. Lachrymator. Typical TLV 0.1 ppm. Typical STEL 0.3 ppm
5. 628 A clear ERPG-1: 50 Health Hazard Toluene CAS No: 108-88- colorless ppm liquid with a Vapors irritate eyes 3 UN No: 1294 ERPG-2: 300 characteristic and upper respiratory ppm aromatic tract; cause odor. Flash ERPG-3: 1000 dizziness, headache, point 40°F ppm respiratory arrest. Liquid irritates eyes Flammability: IDLH: 500 ppm and causes drying of Ignites at skin. If aspirated,
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normal causes coughing,. If temperatures; ingested causes Vapor is vomiting, griping, heavier than diarrhea, depressed air and may respiration. travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back;
6. 652 -- -- Very oral (LD50): Inflammable Triethyl Amine hazardous in Acute: 460 (CH3CH2)3N case of eye mg/kg [Rat.]. CAS No.:121-44- contact Dermal (LD50): 8 (irritant). Acute: 570 mg/ Hazardous in Oily .liquid case of skin kg Auto-Ignition contact Temperature: (irritant), of 215°C inhalation. Slightly FP: : -8.3° hazardous in
Flammable case of Limits: LOWER: ingestion. 1.2% UPPER: 8% Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching.
7. Methylene ------ACGIH: 50ppm Methylene Dichloride Methylene Dichloride chloride MDC depresses the MDC central (Dichloromethane) (Dichloromethan nervous e) system. Skin: CH2Cl2 prolonged or CAS No:75-09-2 CH2Cl2 repeated contact may CAS No:75-09-2 Colourless Clear cause liquid with mild Colourless Clear irritation, sweet odour liquid with mild defatting of sweet odour skin & BP- 400C
BP- 400C dermatitis. Eyes: vapors may irritate eyes.
8. 620 Very Acute toxicity Non-flammable. Thionyl Chloride hazardous in CAS No:7719-09- case of skin 7 contact
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Cl2OS (irritant), of of the vapor Clear Fuming eye contact (LC50): 500 1 liquids with (irritant), of hours [Rat]. suffocating odor. ingestion, of inhalation. BP -76°C Hazardous in case of skin contact
Inhalation of the spray mist
may produce severe irritation of respiratory tract, characterized by coughing, choking, or shortness of breath. Severe overexposure
can result in death.
9. 271 ------Harmful if (LD50/ Oral): Highly flammable. Ethylene Dichloride swallowed. Acute: 200- May form Irritating to 2000 mg/kg flammable/explosive CAS No: 107-06- eyes, [Rat]. vapor-air mixture 2 respiratory system and Dermal: UN No: 2265 skin. LD55: Colourless Irritating to eyes, liquid with 2000 (Rabbit) chloroform respiratory odour. Flash system and VAPOR (LC50): point 13°C. skin. 5 mg/l 10 hours [Rat].
10. 377 ------A colorless ERPG-1: 200 Health Hazards: Methanol fairly volatile ppm Exposure to CAS No:67-56-1 liquid with a excessive vapor ERPG-2: 1000 faintly sweet causes eye irritation, UN No:1230 ppm pungent odor head- ache, fatigue
like that of ERPG-3: 5000 and drowsiness. ethyl alcohol. ppm 50,000 ppm will probably cause death IDLH: 6000 Highly in 1 to 2 hrs. ppm Flammable; Swallowing may Behavior in Fire:
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Containers cause death or eye may explode. damage.
11. 334 Flash Pt.: Isopropyl Alcohols (Solvent) 55.00 F Method Used: CAS No: 67-63-0 TCC Explosive Limits: LEL: 2.5% UEL: 12.1% LD 50: dermal Rabbit 1300 mg/kg;
LC50: Rat (8 hours) 12000 ppm.
12. DMF Dimethyl ------Flammable. formamide Water soluble. CAS No:68-12-2 Fire Hazard UN No: 2265 Special Hazards of A water-white Combustion liquid with a Products: faint fishy odour. Flash Vapors are point 136°F. irritating Slightly less (USCG, 1999) dense than water Health Hazard Irritation of eyes, skin and nose. May cause nausea.
13. 306 ------Clear TEEL-1: 400 Health Hazards: n-Hexane colorless ppm Inhalation causes CAS No:110-54-3 liquids with a irritation of TEEL-2: 3300 UN No:1208 petrol -like respiratory tract, odor. Flash ppm cough, mild
points -9°F depression, TEEL-3: 8600 arrhythmias. Highly ppm Aspiration causes flammable; severe lung irritation, IDLH 1100 ppm Vapours may coughing, pulmonary explode; edema;
14. 31 2 105 Fire Hazards: ERPG-1: 25 Contact with liquid Ammonia (Gas); Mixing ppm may cause froast of ammonia bite. with several
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TQ- TQ-1: chemicals can ERPG-2: 150 [MG is using 25% 1: 60 50 MT cause fire ppm Ammonia Solution] MT hazards, / or TQ-2: explosions; IDLH: 300 ppm TQ- 500 MT vapours are 2: toxic- 600 irritation to MT eyes and respiratory tract.
15. 569 --- Poison - may ORL-RAT LD50 Sodium cyanide be fatal if 6.4 [HT] CAS No:143-33-9 inhaled, White Granules swallowed or Dermal Rabbit or powder absorbed LD50 10.4 through the skin. Contact with acid releases highly poisonous HCN gas. Note low LD50s below. Corrosive - causes burns. Skin and eye irritant
Note:
TQ-I: Threshold quantity (for application of rules 4,5,7 to 9 and 13 to 15) TQ-II: Threshold quantity (for application of rules 10 to 12)
Note:
1. Oral Toxicity (OT) in LD50 (mg/kg) 2. Dermal Toxicity (DT) in LD50 (mg/kg)
3. Inhalation Toxicity in LC50 (mg/l) [4 hrs.]
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) • AEGL-3 is "the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death." • AEGL-2 is "the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape."
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• AEGL-1 is "the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic no sensory effects.
Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPGs)
The 3 ERPG tiers are defined as follows: • ERPG-3 is "the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects." • ERPG-2 is "the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take protective action." • ERPG-1 is "the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing other than mild transient health effects or perceiving a clearly defined, objectionable odor." Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits (TEELs) TEELs are used in similar situations as the 60-minute AEGLs and ERPGs. However, in situations where the concentration varies over time, the TEEL developers recommend using a conservative 15-minute time-weighted average concentration. A chemical may have up to 4 TEEL values, each of which corresponds to a specific tier of health effects.
The 4 TEEL tiers are defined as follows: • TEEL-3 is "the maximum concentration in air below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed without experiencing or developing life- threatening health effects." • TEEL-2 is "the maximum concentration in air below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could impair their abilities to take protective action." • TEEL-1 is "the maximum concentration in air below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed without experiencing other than mild transient health effects or perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor." • TEEL-0 is "the threshold concentration below which most people will experience no appreciable risk of health effects." • The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) defines an immediately dangerous to life or health condition as a situation "that poses a threat of exposure to airborne contaminants when that exposure is likely to cause death or immediate or delayed permanent adverse health effects or prevent escape from such an environment."
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• The IDLH limit represents the concentration of a chemical in the air to which healthy adult workers could be exposed (if their respirators fail) without suffering permanent or escape-impairing health effects.
None of MGOPL products have been mentioned in MSHIC Rules and as such are not considered hazardous 7.1.4 Hazardous Materials Storage The solid raw materials will be received in bags or drums and will be stored in chemicals godowns. The products (liquid or solid) will be packed in drums and stored in product godowns as per market demand. The bulk storages of liquid hazardous materials are given in the Table 7.2. The solid materials powder or granules spillage can result in polluting small area only. The damage to personnel can be through ingress- dermal (if individual come in contact), oral (if individual food gets infected through fugitive dust) or inhalation (fugitive dust). The main route is fugitive dust which in covered area will move to short distance only. The risk is through liquid and gaseous materials which are volatile material. The toxic vapours due to spillage of such material can travel to some distance (as they are stored in covered godowns) and cause damage. The liquid products will be packed in drums (50 / 200 litres drums). 7.1.5 QRA Approach Identification of hazards and likely scenarios (based on Level-1 and Level-2 activities) calls for detailed analysis of each scenario for potential of damage, impact area (may vary with weather conditions / wind direction) and safety system in place. Subsequently each incident is classified according to relative risk classifications provided in Table below as Table 7.4: Table 7.4 Risk Classification
Stage Description High A failure which could reasonably be expected to occur within the (> 10- expected life time of the plant. 2/yr.) Examples of high failure likelihood are process leaks or single instrument or valve failures or a human error which could result in releases of hazardous materials. Moderate A failure or sequence of failures which has a low probability of (10-2 --10- occurrence within the expected lifetime of the plant. 4/yr.) Examples of moderate likelihood are dual instrument or valve failures, combination of instrument failures and human errors, or single failures of small process lines or fittings.
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Stage Description Low A failure or series of failures which have a very low probability of (<10-4) occurrence within the expected lifetime of plant. Examples of ‘low’ likelihood are multiple instruments or valve failures or multiple human errors, or single spontaneous failures of tanks or process vessels.
Minor Impact limited to the local area of the event with potent for ‘knock – on- Incidents events’ Serious One that could cause: Incident ❖ Any serious injury or fatality on/off site; ❖ Property damage of $ 1 million offsite or $ 5 million onsite. Extensive One that is five or more times worse than a serious incident. Incident
Assigning a relative risk to each scenario provides a means of prioritising associated risk mitigation measures and planned actions. 7.1.6 Thermal Hazards In order to understand the damages produced by various scenarios, it is appropriate to understand the physiological/physical effects of thermal radiation intensities. The thermal radiation due to tank fire usually results in burn on the human body. Furthermore, inanimate objects like equipment, piping, cables, etc. may also be affected and also need to be evaluated for damages. Table 7.5, Table 7.6 and Table 7.8 (below), respectively give tolerable intensities of various objects and desirable escape time for thermal radiation. Thermal hazards could be from fires or explosion. Fire releases energy slowly while explosion release energy very rapidly (typically in micro seconds). Explosion is rapid expansion of gases resulting in rapidly moving shock wave. Explosion can be confined (within a vessel or building) or unconfined (due to release of flammable gases). BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion) occurs if a vessel containing a liquid at a temperature above its atmospheric boiling point ruptures. The subsequent BLEVE is the explosive vaporisation of large fraction of its vapour contents; possibly followed by combustion or explosion of the vaporised cloud if it is combustible.
Thermal hazards have been considered for various scenarios including: • Fire in inflammable chemicals storage tanks. Table 7.5 Effects due to Incident Radiation Intensity
Incident Radiation Damage Type
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kW/m2 0.7 Equivalent to Solar Radiation 1.6 No discomfort on long duration Sufficient to cause pain within 20 sec. Blistering 4.0 of skin (first degree burn are likely). Pain threshold reached after 8 sec. Second degree 9.5 burn after 20 sec. Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of 12.5 wood, melting of plastic tubing etc. 25 Minimum Energy required for piloted ignition of wood, melting, plastic tubing etc.
37.5 Sufficient to cause damage to process equipment. 62.0 Spontaneous ignition of wood.
Table 7.6 Thermal Radiation Impact to Human
Exposure Radiation Energy Radiation Energy Radiation Energy Duration {1% lethality; for 2nd degree for 1st degree kW/m2} burns; kW/m2 burns; kW/m2 10 sec 21.2 16 12.5 30 9.3 7.0 4.0
Table 7.7 Tolerable Intensities for Various Objects
Sl. No Objects Tolerable Intensities (kw/m2) 1 Drenched Tank 38 2 Special Buildings (No window, fire proof 25 doors) 3 Normal Buildings 14 4 Vegetation 10-12 5 Escape Route 6 (up to 30 sec.) 6 Personnel in Emergencies 3 (up to 30 sec.) 7 Plastic Cables 2 8 Stationary Personnel 1.5
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7.1.7 Damage due to Explosion The explosion of a dust or gas (either as a deflagration or detonation) results in a reaction front moving outwards from the ignition source preceded by a shock wave or pressure front. After the combustible material is consumed the reaction front terminates but the pressure wave continues its outward movement. Blast damage is based on the determination of the peak overpressure resulting from the pressure wave impacting on the object or structure. Damage estimates based on overpressure are given in Table 7.8 below: Table 7.8 Damage due to Overpressure
Sl. No Overpressure Damage (psig / bar)
1. 0.04 Loud Noise / sonic boom glass failure
2. 0.15 Typical pressure for glass failure
3. 0.5 - 1 Large and small windows usually shattered
4. 0.7 Minor damage to house structure
5. 1 Partial demolition of houses, made uninhabitable.
6. 2.3 Lower limit of serious structure damage
7. 5 – 7 Nearly complete destruction of houses
8. 9 Loaded train box wagons completely demolished
9. 10 Probable total destruction of houses
10. 200 Limits of crater lip
In MGO case explosion probability is remote.
7.1.8 Associated Chemicals Hazards 7.1.8.1 Chlorine
Chlorine is a chemical used in industry and in household cleaning products. At room temperature, chlorine is a gas. It has a yellow-green color, and a pungent, irritating
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 7-17 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. odor similar to bleach. Usually, it is pressurized and cooled for storage and shipment as an amber-colored liquid. Chlorine does not catch fire easily, but may combine with other common substances to form explosive compounds. Chlorine Health Impacts When chlorine enters the body as a result of breathing, swallowing, or skin contact, it reacts with water to produce acids. The acids are corrosive and damage cells in the body on contact. Most harmful chlorine exposures are the result of inhalation. Health effects typically begin within seconds to minutes. Following chlorine exposure, the most common symptoms are: • Airway irritation • Wheezing • Difficulty breathing • Sore throat • Cough • Chest tightness • Eye irritation • Skin irritation The severity of health effects depend upon the route of exposure, the dose and the duration of exposure to chlorine. Breathing high levels of chlorine causes fluid build- up in the lungs, a condition known as pulmonary edema. The development of pulmonary edema may be delayed for several hours after exposure to chlorine. Contact with compressed liquid chlorine may cause frostbite of the skin and eyes.
What can you do if you think you may have been exposed to a release of chlorine?
If you have been exposed to a release of chlorine, take the following steps: • Quickly move away from the area where you think you were exposed. If the release was indoors, go outdoors. o If you are near a release of chlorine, emergency coordinators may tell you to either evacuate the area or to "shelter in place." To "shelter in place" means to remain indoors to avoid being exposed to the chemical. While indoors, shut and lock all doors and windows, turn off air conditioners, fans and heaters, and close fireplace dampers. o For more information on evacuation during a chemical emergency, see Facts
• Quickly remove any clothing that may have chlorine on it. If possible, clothing that is normally removed over the head (like t-shirts and sweaters) should be cut off the body to prevent additional contact with the agent. o Place your clothing inside a plastic bag and seal the bag tightly. o Do not handle the plastic bag, and wait for instructions on proper disposal. o Disposing of your clothing in a sealed bag helps protect you and other people from additional exposure.
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o Store the bagged clothing in a secure location away from people, especially children. o Quickly wash any chlorine from your skin with large amounts of soap and water, and flush your eyes with large amounts of water. o Remove and dispose of contact lenses. o Wash eyeglasses with soap and water before wearing.
• If needed, seek medical attention right away. How is chlorine exposure treated? To limit health effects from exposure to chlorine, wash eyes and skin as quickly as possible with large amounts of water. There is no antidote for chlorine poisoning, but chlorine's effects are treatable, and most people recover. People who experience serious health effects (such as severe eye or airway irritation, severe coughing, difficulty breathing, pulmonary edema) may need hospital care. 7.1.8.2 Bromine Hazards
At ambient temperature bromine is a brownish-red liquid. It has a similarly colored vapor with an offensive and suffocating odor. It is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid under ordinary conditions, it evaporates easily at standard temperature and pressures in a red vapor that has a strong disagreeable odor resembling that of chlorine. Bromine is less active chemically than chlorine and fluorine but is more active than iodine; its compounds are similar to those of the other halogens. Bromine is soluble in organic solvents and in water.
Health effects of bromine Bromine is corrosive to human tissue in a liquid state and its vapors irritate eyes and throat. Bromine vapors are very toxic with inhalation. Humans can absorb organic bromines through the skin, with food and during breathing. Organic bromines are widely used as sprays to kill insects and other unwanted pests. But they are not only poisonous to the animals that they are used against, but also to larger animals. In many cases they are poisonous to humans, too. The most important health effects that can be caused by bromine-containing organic contaminants are malfunctioning of the nervous system and disturbances in genetic materials. But organic bromines can also cause damage to organs such as liver, kidneys, lungs and milt and they can cause stomach and gastrointestinal malfunctioning. Some forms of organic bromines, such as ethylene bromine, can even cause cancer. Inorganic bromines are found in nature, but whereas they occur naturally humans have added too much through the years. Through food and drinking water humans absorb high doses of inorganic bromines. These bromines can damage the nervous system and the thyroid gland.
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7.1.8.3 Sodium Cyanide Hazards
Sodium Cyanide is a white powder (like salt) with a faint almond-like odor. It is used as a solid or in solution to extract metal ores, in electroplating and metal cleaning baths, metal hardening, and in insecticides. HAZARD SUMMARY * Sodium Cyanide can affect you when breathed in and may be absorbed through the skin. * Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. * Breathing Sodium Cyanide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath. * High exposure can cause headache, dizziness, fast heartbeat, and even unconsciousness and death.
* Sodium Cyanide may cause the thyroid gland to enlarge. * Exposure can damage the nervous system and cause changes in the blood cell count. * Repeated lower exposures can cause nose discharge, nosebleeds, and sores in the nose. Acute Health Effects The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Sodium Cyanide:
* Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. * Breathing Sodium Cyanide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath. * High exposure can cause headache, dizziness, fast heartbeat, and even unconsciousness and death. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be worn. Wear protective work clothing. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Sodium Cyanide and at the end of the workshift.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and safety hazards of Sodium Cyanide to potentially exposed workers.
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7.1.8.4 Sulphuric Acid Hazards
CAS Registry No.: 7664-93-9
Other Names: Battery acid, sulphuric acid Main Uses: Manufacture of fertilizers and other chemicals; petroleum refining; battery component. Appearance: Clear colourless oily liquid. Yellow to dark brown in colour when impure.
Odour: Odourless Main Routes of Exposure: Inhalation. Skin contact. Eye contact. • Inhalation: Not expected to be an inhalation hazard unless heated or misted. VERY TOXIC, can cause death. Can cause severe irritation of the nose and throat. Can cause life-threatening accumulation of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema). Symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath, difficult breathing and tightness in the chest. Long-term damage may result from a severe short-term exposure. • Skin Contact: CORROSIVE. Contact can cause pain, redness, burns, and blistering. Permanent scarring can result. A severe exposure can cause death. • Eye Contact: CORROSIVE. Contact causes severe burns with redness, swelling, pain and blurred vision. Permanent damage including blindness can result. • Ingestion: Can burn the lips, tongue, throat and stomach. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps and diarrhea. Permanent damage can result. Can cause death. • Effects of Long-Term (Chronic) Exposure: At low concentrations: Can cause dry, red, cracked skin (dermatitis) following skin contact. At high concentrations: May wear away tooth enamel when breathed in. May harm the respiratory system. Can irritate and inflame the airways. Carcinogenicity: Not known to cause cancer. Strong inorganic mists containing sulfuric acid are carcinogenic to humans. Has been associated with: cancer of the larynx, lung cancer. Flammable Properties: Does not burn. Suitable Extinguishing Media: Not combustible. Use extinguishing agent suitable for surrounding fire. ONLY Use water to keep non-leaking, fire-exposed containers cool. Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: DO NOT use water or water-based extinguishing agents. • Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical: Contact with water causes violent frothing and spattering. Reacts with metals to produce highly flammable hydrogen gas. Closed containers may rupture violently when heated releasing contents. In a fire, the following hazardous materials may be generated: corrosive sulfur oxides. Chemical Stability: Normally stable. • Conditions to Avoid: Water, moisture or humidity.
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• Incompatible Materials: Highly reactive. Reacts violently with: many chemicals, including, water. Corrosive to: aluminum alloys, carbon steel, and other metals. • Personal Precautions: Evacuate the area immediately. Isolate the hazard area. Keep out unnecessary and unprotected personnel. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled product unless wearing appropriate protective equipment. Remove or isolate incompatible materials as well as other hazardous materials. Storage: Store in an area that is: cool, dry, out of direct sunlight and away from heat and ignition sources, separate from incompatible materials. Avoid bulk storage indoors. Regularly inspect for physical changes or signs of crystallization, damage or leaks. 7.1.9 Hazardous Material’s Release Hazardous materials handled and stored in bulk in MGO proposed complex are both Inflammable and toxic. Inflammable materials are IPA, Methanol, TEA, Ethylene Dichloride, Methylene Dichloride, n-Hexane, etc.; Toxic Chlorine, Bromine, Ammonia, Methanol, EDC, DMF, acids, etc. (as detailed in Tables 1.3 and 1.4) and many other raw materials as defined in MSHIC rules and indicated in the tables. Some of these chemicals are stored in bulk (in tank farm). Damage criteria: For toxic release the damage criteria considered is IDLH concentration (if data are available). In the absence of non-availability of IDLH, other data like AEGL, ERPG or TEEL will be considered as damage criteria. 7.1.10 Data Limitations It is also observed that very little data or information (regarding physical properties required for modelling) is available for the products and some of the chemicals. 7.1.11 Likely Failure Scenarios Few likely failure scenarios have been selected after critical appraisal of raw materials and storage inventories. Failure scenarios selected are as given in Table 7.9 below: Table 7.9 Different Failure Scenarios
S. No. Scenario Remark
RM-1 Bromine Glass Bottle failure, Spillage Toxic RM-2 Toluene Heavy Spillage Toxic RM-3 N Hexane spillage & Fire Thermal RM-4 EDC Toxic RM-5 Chlorine Line Leakage Toxic
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7.2 QUANTATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT & CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS
7.2.1 Preamble In the previous section we have carried out the hazards analysis of the MGO existing complex considering various aspects including bulk storages of hazardous chemicals, plant process system, plant incidents/accidents records, critical appraisal and discussion at site for soft spots in the plant etc. Based on the hazards analysis six critical scenarios (liquid and gaseous raw materials) have been selected for QRA and consequence analysis. QRA quantifies vulnerable zones for a conceived incident with various levels of severity. Consequence calculations for risk assessment are invariably in terms of percentage of fatalities but for emergency handling, fatalities are of no interest saving lives is the main objectives then. The injury criteria have to be agreed in terms of thermal load or toxic concentration versus exposure duration in the first instance. In consequence calculation, use is made of a number of calculation models to estimate the physical effects of an accident (spill of hazardous material) and to predict the damage (lethality, injury, material destruction, and other property damage). The risk assessment modelling can be roughly divided into three groups: • Determination of source strength parameters; • Determination of consequential effects; • Determination of damage or damage distances (with specific severity rates) 7.2.2 Weather Effect The effect of ambient conditions on the impact of fire / heat radiation and GLC of hazardous / toxic material can be beneficial as well as harmful. A high wind (turbulence) can dilute the toxic material while stable environment can extend the reach of IDLH or IT (inhalation LC50 rats/mouse for products) concentration to long distance. Any inflammable gas / vapour release in turbulent weather will soon dilute the hazardous gases below LEL and thus save the disaster. 7.2.3 Incidents Impacts The identified failure scenarios (Table 7.9) have been analysed (Using ALOHA and EFFECT Modules) for the impact zones considering damage due to thermal and toxic impacts. Similar impacts are considered for proposed project. Each incident will have Impact on the surrounding environment which in extreme case may cross plant boundary. The impact zones for various scenarios are given in Table 7.10.
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Table 7.10 Hazards Scenario Impact
Scenario Scenario Impact Remarks No. Zone (m)
Scenario Raw Material
RM-1 Bromine Glass ❖ 69 IDLH; Stability Class D Template Bottle failure, 7.1 Spillage
RM-2 Toluene Heavy ❖ <10 AEGL-2; Stability Class D; Spillage
RM-3 N Hexane spillage ❖ ~13 1st Degree Burn Template-7.2 & Fire
RM-4 EDC Spillage ❖ ~28 ERPG-2; Stability Class D;Template-7.3
RM-5 Chlorine Line ❖ ~1000 IDLH; Stability Class D Template- Leakage ❖ ~1200 7.4
IDLH; Stability Class F Template- 7.5
Templates of Scenario
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Template 7.1. Bromine Spillage-Toxic Impact Zone
Template 7.2. Hexane Spillage and Fire Thermal Impact Zone
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Template 7.3. EDC Spillage Toxic Impact Zone
Template 7.4. Toxic Impact Zone Tonner Chlorine Leakage; Stability Class D
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Template 7.5. Toxic Impact Zone Chlorine Tonner Leakage; Stability Class F 7.2.4 Consequential Impacts The consequential impacts from each incident scenarios can be though thermal, over pressure wave and toxic route. The damage can be on plant personnel (and neighboring residents in case incident crosses boundary), property and also loss in production. 7.2.4.1 Thermal and Explosion Hazards
Incidents involving thermal hazards are mainly due to heavy Inflammable materials spillage and fire. The impact (1st degree burn) is limited to 13 m only (i.e. within plant boundary). However the consequences can go to worse if the incidents lead to domino effect to other tanks. 7.2.4.2 Toxic Hazards
Toxic hazards are mainly due to Chlorine and Bromine leakages. The impact may cross the plant boundary in case of leakages of Chlorine. (if not controlled in time). The impact due to Chlorine will go to 1200 m (stability Class F only). Plant personnel and nearby populace are likely to face impact depending upon wind direction.
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7.2.4.3 Other Hazards
The other hazards in the plant include (but not limited to): • Other toxic hazards due to acids / other toxic spillages (mainly limited to spillage area only.). • Mechanical hazards due to machines / equipment. • Hazards due to individual soft spots like walking casually and noticing a pit and falling or colliding/ stumbling or slipping (not noticing a wet place etc.). 7.2.4.4 Other Toxic Hazards
Acid spillage-its impact will be limited to spillage area. The spillage if comes in contact with metal parts will produce hydrogen which is highly flammable gas. Any person moving in area and getting splash will get the injury. In addition, the spillage will cause pollution problem. The spillage is to be collected and neutralized for toxic contents before disposal. 7.2.4.5 Conclusions and Recommendations
Risk Assessment is carried out with the objective to identify the potential hazards from bulk storage facilities. Important conclusions and recommendations arising out of the Risk Analysis for Proposed Plant are listed below. • Thermal radiation from pool fires are well within the boundary. • It is recommended that the adjacent tanks shall be thermally protected by firewater. • Use corrosion-resistant structural materials and lighting and ventilation systems in the storage area. • Storage tanks should be above ground and surrounded with dikes capable of holding entire contents. • Limit quantity of material in storage up to 80 %. • Restrict access to storage area. • Post warning signs when appropriate. • Keep storage area separate from populated work areas. • Inspect periodically for deficiencies such as damage or leaks. • Have appropriate fire extinguishers available in and near the storage area. • Personnel should be specially trained to handle Chlorine and Bromine leakages with breathing apparatus etc. • Caustic pit should be available to handle Chlorine tonner leakage. • Sodium Cyanide is very hazardous. It should be carefully handled with trained personnel only. Account should be kept for every gram of this poisonous material. • Instruments: All the instruments like pressure, temperature transmitters/gauges and alarms switch and safety interlocks should be tested for their intended application as per the preventive maintenance schedule. Similarly, the emergency shutdown system should be tested as per the preventive maintenance schedule.
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7.2.5 General Control Measures Since some of the substances in use at MGOPL are highly hazardous with fire potential and also toxic in nature, it is necessary to use appropriate control measures recommended for such substances: 7.2.6 Flammable Gas Fires Fire control generally consists of directing, diluting and dispersing the inflammable gas/vapor to prevent contact with persons, to prevent it from infiltrating structures if the leak is out door, and to avoid its contact with ignition sources while, if possible, simultaneously stopping the flow of gas. Water in the form of spray, applied from hoses or monitor nozzles or by fixed water spray system may act as a good carrier fluid for inflammable vapours/gases. 7.2.7 Commonly Recommended Control Measures A number of preventive control measures for hazardous occurrences have been analysed and discussed above. Some more salient points are enumerated below: • All storage tanks in the tank farm should be dyked. Other operation and maintenance features shall be based on established best safety practices. • Concentration detectors for hazardous chemical vapours (e.g. organic solvents/chemicals etc.) fire Smoke / heat detectors and fire alarm should be installed at all strategic locations in the plant. • A schedule for preventive maintenance including health survey of all plant equipment should be adhered to as far as possible. • Ensure the absence of ignition sources in storage area. • Ensure placement of firefighting facilities, such as, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder and foam type fire extinguishers in addition to fire hydrant system, at strategic locations. Spill control measures, such as, removal of all ignition sources from the spill area and ventilating the area as well as soaking the spilled material with paper, towel or mud and letting the volatile substance evaporate slowly in a safe area. • Compulsory use of protective clothing, non-sparking tools and warning signs during critical operations and maintenance. • Training / refresher courses on safety information’s / norms. • Eyewash and showers should be put up at strategic places for use during emergencies. A group of plant personnel should be trained in first aid, rescue, firefighting and emergency control measures. These personnel will form core group/emergency squad who will fight the emergency and also act as rescue and first aid team. In order to ensure communication from isolated places/locations Walkie-Talkie be made available to persons working in these areas. This will considerably improve the effectiveness of emergency management. There is no substitute for training-mock drills and these must be held at regular interval keeping the following objectives in mind: • Real time mock-drill should be carried out for probable/likely hazardous situation (after the plant is successfully commissioned).
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• Target to be set up for various tasks and events during an emergency. • Weak links should be marked and corrective action taken to improve effectiveness during emergency. • MGOPL team already understand the implication and hazards in pesticide industry and has implemented most of the measures in the sister organization existing plants. 7.2.8 Occupational Health and Safety Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) are of prime importance more so in hazardous industries. Industries have various types of hazards and QRA is carried out to understand the hazards potential from various incidents. Pre-emptive steps can be planned to safeguards from likely causes. Some of the Frequent causes of accidents • Fire and explosion: explosives, flammable material • Hazards from Toxic Materials • Mechanical Hazards such as: o Being struck by falling objects o Caught in between machine parts o Snapping of cables, ropes, chains, slings o Handling heavy objects • Electricity Hazards o Electrocution o Short circuits and consequential fire. o Poor illumination etc. • Other Hazards: o Falls from height inside industrial units or on the ground o Struck by moving objects; Slipping on wet surfaces o Sharp objects o Oxygen deficiency in confined spaces; Lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), housekeeping practices, safety signs • Consequential hazards due to extreme Temperatures; • Consequential hazards due to vibration • Consequential hazards due to radiation; • Many more hazards. Hazardous substances and wastes • Heavy and toxic metals • Lack of hazard communication (storage, labelling, material safety data sheets) • Batteries, fire-fighting liquids • Welding fumes • Volatile organic compounds (solvents) • Inhalation in confined and enclosed spaces Ergonomic and psychosocial hazards • Many of the hazards are as result of working environment. • Repetitive strain injuries, awkward postures, repetitive and monotonous work, excessive workload
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• Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment (Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment, Mental stress, human relations) which results in less attention at work place and consequential incidents and accidents. • Lack of education and training / awareness is another prime cause of accidents. Considering above, QRA analysis and also the nature of activities at MGO the following steps for OHS activities have been suggested: • Employee’s health check-up: pre-employment and periodic check-up during employment. The health check-up observations should be informed to employees. • The health should include any impact due to hazards at work place including (but not limited to) due to noise, heat, illumination, dust, any other chemicals, metals being suspected in environment and going into body of workers either through inhalation, ingestion or through skin absorption and steps taken to avoid musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD), backache, pain in minor and major joints, fatigue etc. • Training and refresher courses on safety to all employees. • Employees should be made aware of the hazards in the plant and the preventive actions to be safe from such hazards. • Response to Injuries: Based on a survey of possible injuries, a procedure for response to injuries or exposure to hazardous substances should be established. All staff should have minimum training to such response and the procedure ought to include the following: o Immediate first aid, such as eye splashing, cleansing of wounds and skin, and Bandage etc. o Immediate reporting to a responsible designated person o If possible, retention of the item and details of its source for identification of possible hazards. o Medical surveillance o Recording of the incident o Investigation, determination and implementation of remedial action Emergency Facilities: MGO does not need DMP or Emergency Management Planning as per norms (MSIHC Rules). However Emergency facilities should be developed considering the likely hazards in the plant and sincerely implemented. Mock drills for various scenarios should be carried out and results of the drills should be recorded. Weak links in the mock drills should be strengthened. MGO should have a well-equipped first aid post. It will also have staff personnel trained in first aid. Injured personnel will be immediately rushed to hospital after giving first aid. All employees will have regular medical checkup as per norms. An emergency vehicle / ambulance will always (round the clock) available for meeting any eventuality. 7.3 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS
The hazard analysis and risk assessment of few possible selected incident scenarios indicates that such incidents mostly are not limited to plant battery limits and have
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 7-31 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. impact on adjoining plants. There are possibilities of domino effect and the secondary scenario not predictable can be worse than the primary one. No scenario (either thermal or toxic hazards scenarios) are crossing the MGO plant boundaries. The direction of impact will be in down wind direction (wind direction and speed varies with season). Some of the recommendations for Tank farm storage system are as given below: • Provision of flame detectors/ thermal sensors at strategic locations in the tank farm area. • Auto water deluge system on each bulk storage tank for inflammable liquids. The system should automatically start taking signal from flame detectors or thermal relay. • Fixed foam system with adequate capacity. Toxic Hazards are due to Hazardous organic chemicals. Regular ‘Hazard Survey’ ensures the detection of leakage in the plant. Hazardous chemicals spillage/ leakage can have adverse impact in large area and also in areas outside the MGO battery limit. In house ‘capability building’ to attend hazardous scenarios is to be taken up through mock drills. Human Factors: MGO should have well equipped fire station and also safety department – safety practices. Human factors role in safety cannot be ignored. Odd hours working and over / long hours work can drain out individual. It shows in lack of efficiency and also the lack of apt attention the modern chemical complex demand. They are to be closely looked into and avoided.
‘Safety’ has unique features: a. If no accident has happened so far probability of incident / accident occurring increases. b. ‘No accident’ / good safety record develops complacency inertia/ over confidence in the team. This attitude gives rise to gaps / soft spots in the system giving chances to incidents / accidents. c. Safety requires novelty. Routine training practices get stale with no positive results. Look for novel scheme of training/ safety practices to build up fresh impetus in safety. Involvement of employees with refreshed outlook for safety is to be achieved. 7.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
This DMP shall be designed based on the range, scales and effects of "Major Generic Hazards" described in the Risk Assessment and prediction of various hazardous scenarios. The DMP addresses the range of thermal and mechanical impacts of these major hazards so that potential harm to people onsite and off-site, plant and environment can be reduced to a practicable minimum. The scenarios of loss of containment are credible worst cases to which this DMP is linked. ➢ Capabilities of DMP The emergency plan envisaged will be designed to intercept full range of hazards specific 'to Liquid SO3 & other hazardous chemicals such as fire, explosion, major
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 7-32 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. spill etc. In particular, the DMP will be designed and conducted to mitigate the losses of containment situations, which have potentials to escalate into major perils. Another measure of the DMP's capability will be to combat small and large fires due to ignition, of flammable materials either from storage or from process streams and evacuate people from the affected areas speedily to safe locations to prevent irreversible injury. Emergency medical aids to those who might be affected by incident heat radiation flux, shock wave overpressures and toxic exposure will be inherent in the basic capabilities. The most important capability of this DMP will be the required speed of response to intercept a developing emergency in good time so that disasters such as explosion, major fire etc. are never allowed to happen. ➢ Disaster Control Philosophy The principal strategy of DMP is "Prevention" of identified major hazards. The "Identification" of the hazards will employ one or more of the techniques [e.g. Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP), accident consequence analysis etc.]. Since these hazards can occur only in the eventof loss of containment, one of the key objectives of technology selection, project engineering, construction, commissioning and operation is "Total and Consistent Quality Assurance". The Project Authority will be committed to this strategy right from the conceptual stage of the plant so that the objective of prevention can have ample opportunities to mature and be realised in practice. The DMP or Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP) will consist of: • On-site Emergency Plan • Off-site Emergency Plan Disaster Management Plan preparation under the headlines of On-site Emergency Plan and Off-site Emergency Plan is in consonance with the guidelines laid by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) which states that the "Occupier" of the facility is responsible for the development of the On-site Emergency Plan. The Off-
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 7-33 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. site Emergency Plan should be developed by the Governments district emergency authorities/district collector 1.1.1. On-Site Emergency Plan Objectives The objective of the On-site Emergency Plan should be to make maximum use of the combined resources of the plant and the outside services to • Effect the rescue and treatment of casualties • Safeguard other personnel in the premises • Minimise damage to property and environment • Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control • Identify any dead • Provide for the needs of relatives • Provide authoritative information to the news media • Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas • Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent enquiry into thecause and circumstances of emergency
EMERGENCY LEVELS Emergencies have been classified into two categories i.e. Nature - I & Nature - II. Nature - I Incidents likely to endanger the human lives, plant and equipment within the factory premises and can be controlled by the internal resources and in certain cases with help of Mutual Aid Scheme. Nature - II Incidents likely to endanger the human lives, plant and equipment within the factory premises and surrounding area but cannot be controlled by local resources and requires help from the Collector’s Office, Police Commissioner, Civil Defense Control Room, State Transport Office, Medical help etc. as laid down in the District Contingency Plan. NATURE - I EMERGENCY Probable Nature I Emergencies can occur due to: • Chlorine gas release from plant installations. • Uncontrollable dry grass fire in the open area. • Huge fire in factory premises Occurrence of emergencies shall be made known to all through siren codes. The detailed emergency organisation (ON-SITE) chart is provided below. CRITERIA FOR NATURE - II EMERGENCY Plant Manager and & above shall declare Nature - II emergency in consultation with Main Incident Controller based on their experience and criteria as mentioned below:
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 7-34 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Quantity of released liquid/gases either flammable or toxic, depending upon size of vessel and failure mode. • Effectiveness of measures like ✓ Isolation of process ✓ Fire propagation and probability of subsequent events. • Need for Evacuation of neighbouring population and Medical help from the District Contingency Plan Resources. Nature-II Emergencies may occur due to • Uncontrollable heavy leakage of Chlorine from storage Cylinder (in case of KCFL such incident possibility is less). • Severe natural calamities like earthquake & heavy cyclone. Action Plans The Action Plan should consist of: • Identification of Key Personnel • Defining Responsibilities of Key Personnel • Designating Emergency Control Centres and Assembly Points • Declaration of Emergency • Sending All Clear Signal • Defining actions to be taken by non-key personnel during emergency.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 7-35 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER 8. PROJECT BENEFITS
Proposed project will need to offer statewide social, environmental, and economic benefits that are greater than the capital and operating costs of its implementation.
8.1 Benefits to the Country & Pesticide Industry
The role of the pesticides in the well-being of human race needs no emphasis. They help farmers grow more food on less land by protecting crops from pests, diseases and weeds as well as raising productivity per hectare.
As per the latest annual report (2019-20) released by the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals (Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers), the production of pesticides in 2018-19 was 217 thousand MT while it was 93 thousand MT in 2019- 20 (upto September 2019). CAGR in production of pesticides during the period 2014- 15 to 2018-19 is 3.83% 5. To feed a rising population, food production needs to be increased, creating a case for the need for more agro-inputs for better production and yield of crops. With the growth of population in India, there has been a subsequent increase in the production of crops. According to year end review 2020 of Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, the food grains production has increased from 251.54 million tonnes in 2015-16 to 296.65 million tonnes in 2019- 20 which is the highest ever food grains production. As per third advanced estimates, horticulture production during 2019-20 is 319.57 MMT which is the highest ever for Indian horticulture 6. Production of agrochemical has also increased in-lieu of the new product additions which are formulated to combat the pest attacks. Thus, proposed plant will meet the increase demand of the agrochemicals in globe.
Agrochemicals are the last and one of the key inputs in agriculture for crop protection and better yield. Currently, India is the world’s 4th largest producer of agrochemicals after United States, Japan and China and has emerged as the 13th largest exporter of pesticides globally.
With more than half the population dependent on agriculture as the chief source of income, the agricultural sector is yet to realize its full potential in terms of bringing in efficiencies along the value chain- increasing yields, processing & exports. The RBI estimate showed that agriculture in 2019-20 recorded a real GVA growth of 4.0 per cent. This was due to the record food grain production. This accounted for 15.2 per
5 Chemicals.nic.in. 2021. Annual Report 2019-20| Department of Chemicals & Petro-Chemicals | MoC&F | GOI. [online] Available at:
6 Pib.gov.in. 2021. Year End Review 2020 Of Ministry of Agriculture & Farmer Welfare. [online] Available at:
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 8-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. cent of the overall economic growth7. Thus, proposed project will also help in economic growth of the country.
8.2 Demand Supply Gap
According to the estimates, the world population reached 7 billion in 2012 and the new projections indicate that the 8 billion marker will be reached in 2025 8. This will lead to an increased demand for food. The dietary needs in emerging countries will change as economy grows. To meet the food & nutrition needs of a growing population requires a sustainable approach that puts thrust on increasing productivity against the background of lower yields & decreasing farm sizes. It requires a push from all stakeholders – the farmer, the government and the agrochemical/agro industry collectively so that the changing needs of the society are met. FAO estimates that up to 40% of food crops are lost due to plant pests and diseases annually 9 which doesn't augur well for farming given the critical challenges ahead and thus agrochemicals have an increasing role to play.
8.3 Environmental Benefits
The company is adopting many technologies to improve the production and achieving Environmental sustainability. Its greater efficiencies allow to produce the highest quality at a competitive price while minimizing our footprint on the environment. 4R method shall be adopted in the plant. The proposed project will be a Zero liquid discharge project. To minimize the waste, extraction of by-product for sale will be done from Process. The proposed green belt area (33.28% of plot area) will give a better aesthetic view of land and building. The project proponent shall set precedents for the further development of transport, communication, infrastructure and other developments in the area.
8.4 Social Development Activities
I. Social Economic Development
Various Programs/ Projects related to Social & Economic development of surrounded area has been planned, which are as follows.
7 Rbi.org.in. 2020. Reserve Bank of India - Annual Report of The RBI (2019-20). [online] Available at:
8 Census Bureau, US, 2021. Stats for Stories: World Population Day: July 11, 2020. [online] The United States Census Bureau. Available at:
9 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2021. PROTECTING PLANTS, PROTECTING LIFE. [online] Available at:
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 8-2 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
A) Natural Resource Management – The main focus of this program will be to maximize the yield returns of the farmers through efficient management of existing resources & extension of new agricultural practices. ➢ Integrated Agricultural Growth Project – For improvement and use of the modern techniques and thereby would certainly contribute to prosperity in the agriculture sector and reduce the rural poverty by programs like Farmers Training, Nursery Growing Trainings, Modern agriculture equipment distribution programs etc. ➢ Animal Husbandry Projects – Various programs like health checkups & treatment, vaccination program, Anti sterility camps, breed improvement etc. will be carried out.
B) Income Generation Program –
➢ Establishment of Self-help groups. ➢ Rural Entrepreneurship Development Program ➢ Handcrafts Development Program ➢ Vocational Training ➢ Business process outsourcing
C) Health, Education & Infrastructure
➢ Aids Awareness Program ➢ General Health Camps ➢ Innovative Teaching Methods. ➢ Adult Education ➢ Sanitation ➢ Infrastructure Development Projects
I. Employment Generation
Employment Generation proposed project leads to the employment generation of 100 employees during operation phase. During construction phase, 110 no. of local labours will be hired.
II. Socio Economic Benefits
• The proposed plant would generate direct and indirect employment opportunities, which will benefit the local people during construction & Operation period. • Business opportunities to the local people shall be available during the construction & Operation phase • It will improve the economy of the local nearby vendors. • Shortfall of Pesticide will be fulfilled. • The Project shall contribute towards local training and employment programmes.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 8-3 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• There will be some boost to the state’s business sector, including manufacturing, construction, transport, engineering and related consultancies. • It will result in improvement in the economy.
III. Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) or Environment Social Commitment
Through CER activity company management will be committed to improve infrastructural facilities for the local people in field of Environmental, Medical, and Transportation etc. as per the suggestions received from the Expert Appraisal Committee as per the office memorandum 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 30th September 2020.
8.5 Benefits to Government Revenue
Establishment and operation of the proposed project will contribute significantly to the revenue of the state and central governments in the form of different types of taxes like sales tax on inputs, outputs and fuel, income tax of employees, excise duty on the product, service tax, etc.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 8-4 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER 9. ENVIRONMENT COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
This chapter defines the benefits on Environment due to the proposed project.
Environment Cost Benefit Analysis study is not recommended at the scoping stage, therefore, MGOPL has not done the cost Benefit analysis but dedicated the cost for Environment Management Plan and Corporate Environment Responsibility against the total cost of the project which will positively lead company to be benefited with the cost of proceeding with the project.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 9-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER 10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
This chapter provides mitigation and control measures to attenuate or eliminate environmental impacts, which are likely to be caused by the proposed project. An Environmental Management Plant (EMP) has been developed to mitigate the potential adverse impacts and to strengthen the beneficial environmental impacts during the construction and operation phases. In addition to that during the operation phase, the industry will have an additional responsibility to comply with the statutory requirements as per the guidelines of Central/ State Government.
10.1 Introduction The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is synthesis of all proposed mitigation and monitoring actions, set to a time frame with specific responsibility assigned and follow-up actions defined. EMP is a plan of actions for avoidance, mitigation and management of the impacts associated with construction and operation stages of the project. A detailed set of mitigation measures have been compiled in view of the likely impacts associated with the proposed project.
10.2 Objectives of EMP The EMP consists of a set of mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken up during the design, construction and operation stages of the project. The EMP has been designed keeping in view of the regulatory and other requirements to ensure the following:
• Minimum disturbance to the environment and social components • Compliance with the environmental acts, rules and guidelines of the GoI & maintaining the quality of air, water, soil and noise as per the prescribed norms by regulatory bodies. • Compliance to the Operational Policies and Guidelines of the Funding Agency • Conservation of natural resources to the extent possible • Enhancement of Project benefits for Society & Environment • Sustainable development and operation of project
10.3 Environment Management System and Policy
Environment management system includes four major elements • Commitment & Policy: The management will strive to provide and implement the Environmental Management Plan that incorporates all issues related to air, water, land and noise. • Planning: This includes identification of environmental impacts, legal requirements and setting environmental objectives.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Implementation: This comprises of resources available to the developers, accountability of contractors, training of operational staff associated with environmental control facilities and documentation of measures to be taken. • Measurement & Evaluation: This includes monitoring, counteractive actions and record keeping.
10.4 Environment Management Plan As assessed in above chapter the project will have impact of low to high significance on both environmental and social components. To manage the impacts, mitigation measures are proposed but management plan, implementation and supervision agencies, and period of implementation should be defined for implementation of the listed mitigation measures. The environmental management plan is included in Table 10.1 and Table 10.2 for construction and operation phase respectively.
In order to effectively manage the environmental management (including social management) of the project, greenbelt development plan, Solid Waste Management Plan; Occupational Health Management Plan, Budget for Environmental Management Plan has-been prepared separately and integrated with EMP. These shall be followed for effective implementation of the EMP.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-2 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table 10.1 Environment Management Plan during Construction Phase
S. No Environmental Aspect Management Component 1. Air • Generation of PM and • Water sprinkling shall be done at the site at regular intervals. other gases • Raw materials/debris/excavated muck shall be properly stacked and stored under covered conditions at designated areas/storage yards. Debris/muck will be regularly removed from the site for regular storage/disposal • Temporary connection of electricity will be taken for operation of machinery/equipment and lighting at site and usage of DG sets shall be minimal. • Adequate parking area shall be provided for vehicle for loading & unloading so as to prevent parking on the road and causing traffic jams and congestion • Locally available raw material will be preferably used. • Wind breakers will be installed • Construction workers shall be provided with mask
2. Noise • Generation of Noise • Proper maintenance of noise generating transport vehicles. • Noise level from loading & unloading of material will be reduced by usage of various types of cranes & placing material on sand or sandy bag beds. • Regular noise level monitoring shall be carried out for taking corrective action • Regular maintenance of heavy earth vehicles may be adopted to reduce noise levels. • PPE shall be given to labour.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-3 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
3. Water • Generation of Waste • No vehicle washing or maintenance will be carried out at the site. water • The domestic sewage will be treated in septic tank followed by • Requirement of Fresh soak pit. water • No fresh water will be used for construction and installation activities • No ground water will be extracted without permission • No excavation works shall be undertaken during monsoon season. • Water supply and sanitation facilities will be made available at labour camp and other areas at site. • Loose Raw material and construction debris shall be stored in covered areas and paved areas to avoid direct exposure and mixing with run- off • No wastewater will be disposed to the water body.
4. Waste • Generation of • Dustbins shall be provided at site for collection of municipal Municipal Waste waste. Municipal waste shall be handed over to local authority • Generation of on daily basis for disposal. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 discarded machinery and amendments thereof shall be followed at site. and used oil • Construction waste will be segregated into inert, recyclable/reusable and discarded material. Majorly waste will be used within the site for construction of roads. Recyclable material will be sold to authorized recyclers. Re-usable material will be stored under covered conditions at site and reject will be disposed off at the designated locations by local body. C&D waste management rules 2016 will be followed. • Hazardous waste generated during construction phase shall be stored-in sealed containers, labelled, and disposed of as required
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-4 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
by Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020 • Waste storage shall be done on paved surface and covered area only • Waste carrying vehicles shall be always covered.
5. Land/Soil • Contamination in Soil • There will be no physical changes outside the project boundary or any and Land development of labour colony outside the project site. Majority of the labor will be hired from nearby villages and if required shelter facilities required for construction workers will be provided by the company for construction at the proposed site • Debris, Scraps, excavated soil, used bags and steel waste generated from site will be disposed as per Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules 2016 • Artificial contour shall be maintained to channelize the storm water of the plant. • Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles and machineries shall be done; sprinkling of water on roads at construction site etc. will reduce the impact • The topsoil shall be stripped from excavation areas (approx. 15 cm as per IRC guidelines) and stockpiled in covered condition for later reuse in landscaping in covered sheds. • Site shall be cleaned on daily basis. Debris and loose raw material shall be stored on the paved surfaces in covered condition • HSD shall be stored on paved surface and drains will be provided around such surfaces so as to drain out the spillage and prevent mixing from soil.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-5 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Fuel, used oil, paints and loose construction material shall be stored on paved surface in covered condition only to prevent its spillage. • Municipal waste from labour camp and site shall be collected and disposed off through local agency in area on daily basis. • Wastewater from site shall be treated in septic tanks followed by soak pits. • Temporary roads shall be provided for movement of the vehicles within the project site. • Best management practices shall be adopted to avoid the contamination of soil. • Solid Waste Management (Amendment) rules, 2020 and Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Management Rules, 2016 shall be adhere.
6. Ecology & Biodiversity • Tree Cutting • No tree cutting shall be done • PM & gaseous • Water sprinkling shall be done at the site at regular intervals. emissions • Wastewater shall be treated in septic tank followed by soak pits • Noise Generation • Green belt and boundary wall will be provided to reduce the • Disposal of untreated impact of air and noise. water in gardening. 7. Socio-Economic • Infrastructure needs • All basic facility like sanitation, toilets, canteen, camps shall be • Accident and Noise provided within the plant area. problem • Hygiene conditions shall be maintained at site. • PPE shall be given to all labour working in noisy and risky area. • Health and safety officer shall be deputed all the time during construction phase. • MSDS and safety instruction shall be displayed in working area
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-6 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table 10.2 Environment Management Plan during Operational Phase
S. No Environmental Aspect Management Component 1. Air • Spillage/leakage • Steam boilers (2 TPH and 3 TPH) will be agro-waste briquette based. • Process emission ESP with 32 m stack shall be provided for Boiler to achieve the • Dust emission emission standards. • Flue gas emisions • Boiler will be agro-waste briquette based. Due to High Calorific value, there will be minimal amount of ash generation of agro-waste Briquette. • All the process reactor vents shall be equipped with two stage water/alkali scrubber to maintain the flue gas emissions. • DG sets shall be provided with 25 m stack height above the ground level. • Transportation of raw material and finished product shall be done through in covered trucks. • To the extent possible, loading and unloading of raw materials and grinding operations will be performed during daytime only, for better dispersion of fugitive and stack emissions. • Control of fugitive emissions will be achieved through water spray. • All transfer points in material handling operations will be covered to minimize fugitive dust emissions. • Green belt will be developed covering 33.28% of the total project area, within the premises as dust and emission preventive barrier. • A good housekeeping consisting of cleaning up spills, removing accumulations around processing equipment will be practiced. • Training programmes for handling of material and environment awareness will be arranged in plant for workers. • Bag Filters and ID fans will be provided for collecting fugitive emissions
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-7 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Periodic monitoring of work area will be carried out to check the fugitive emission. • Regular monitoring shall be done by Environment management to adhere the all norms in the plant. • PPE shall be provided to all labour.
2. Noise • Generation of Noise • Equipment meeting standard of noise shall be used. • All engineering control practice shall be undertaken during installation of machinery to maintain noise level. • Acoustical Enclosures and Mufflers will be provided at all required locations. • Vibration pads and foundation will be provided at all heavy machinery areas. • Noise generating units like machinery area, canteen etc. will be well insulated with enclosed doors. • Earmuffs will be used while in high noise areas. Separate cabins will be provided. • Acoustic treatment rooms will be provided at appropriate location. • Well-developed road will be constructed within plant, for smooth and hassle-free movement of personnel; • Proper and timely maintenance of machineries and preventive maintenance of vehicles will be done. • Plantation will be done all over the plant area to provide noise barrier. • Important Instructions will be displayed all over the plant area.
3. Water • Generation of • Segregation of High COD and low COD stream for better treatment Domestic Waste of wastewater. water • Wastewater from all sources shall be collected and flow through • Generation of closed conduit or pipe network to the treatment schemes. Effluent • Solvent recovery system shall be installed to reduce the waste generation
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-8 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Requirement of Fresh • Online monitoring instruments shall be installed at the SBT and water connectivity will be established with UPPCB & CPCB Servers. • Water Contamination • The domestic wastewater will be discharged to soak pit followed by septic tank. • The Cyanide layer will be collected separately from the main condensation reactor and treated through Alkaline Chlorination method and detoxified mass will be sent to MEE system for further Treatment. • Traces of Pyrethroids will be separately treated. • Hydrolysis for the Detoxification of Pesticides other than Pyrethroids shall be carried out. • Separate storm water and effluent line will be provided in the plant. • Chlorine dosing and fresh air supply will be provided in ETP & SBT to control odour. • Paved area will be provided near to the treatment scheme to avoid contamination of soil. • Two separate storm water line shall be provided in the plant, one from roof top of admin office, QC lab, R&D building and another from other part of the plant. Rainwater from roof top of admin office, etc shall be collected in storage tank and reused in the process after pre-treatment. • In case of spills of chemicals, dry adsorbents/cotton will be used for cleaning instead of water • Spillage during loading, unloading & storage will be channelized properly to drains • Spillage will be managed by detection of leaks in the first place from structures or vessels. • Oil & grease tap will be installed at all required places to avoid mixing with water. • Cushion will be provided to the materials to prevent chemical container breakage
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-9 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• The transportation of the raw material, chemicals & products will be done in Leak Proof MS Tankers/Drums while transporting through trucks & tempo. • All probable leakage areas such as pipelines, joints, pumps and structure of reactor/ storage vessel will be inspected and maintained proactively. 4. Waste • Generation of • Hazardous waste will be sent to CHWTSDF site while other solid Municipal Waste wastes are segregated in recyclable/saleable and non-saleable/non- • Genertation of recyclable waste. Saleable/recyclable waste will be sold to approved discarded machinery recycler/vendor and Non-saleable/non-recyclable waste shall be and used oil sent to CHWTSDF. Waste will be disposed as per The Hazardous & • Generation of Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Hazardous waste Amendment Rules, 2016 • Many by-products will be recovered from different process and sold to the authorized end user, registered under Rule-9 to reduce the generation of waste. • The ETP sludge and MEE salt will be temporarily stored at site in separate room and sent to the TSDF for disposal. • Solvent recovery plant shall be installed to reduce the waste generation • Waste oil will be collected through the drain ports and stored in leak proof steel drums. The waste oil drums will be properly identified with label of what is contained both in local language (Hindi) and English. Same will be disposed as per per the Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020. • Waste will be packed in ISO approved drums/HDPE bags and as per the specifications of internationally approved vendor. All measures will be taken to avoid littering. • The expected municipal solid waste generation at the project site is 50 Kg/day which will be segregated in biodegradable waste and recyclable waste. Recyclable waste will be sold off to authorized
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-10 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
vendors. Biodegradable waste will be sent to land fill through vendors. Solid Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2020 shall be followed at site. • Separate paved storage area for Hazardous/Non- Hazardous/Municipal will be provided within the plant area. • Fly ash will be collected in ESP Hoppers that will get pneumatically circulated to storage silos for subsequent transport by trucks. It shall be given to cement manufacturer. In case cement manufacturer is not available, ash will be sent to TSDF site. • Measures will be adopted to minimize the waste. Waste audit shall be conducted annually at site. 5. Land/Soil • Contamination in Soil • Spillage will be managed by detection of leaks in the first place from and Land structures or vessels. Spillage during loading unloading will be channelized properly to drains. • Paved area will be provided near the process area to avoid soil contamination • The loading unloading activity will be done within a safe zone defined and in a marked safe area. • Liquid effluent shall be collected through closed loop channel to treatment scheme. Only treated water shall be used for gardening after assuring standards norms of irrigation. No untreated water will be discharged on the land. • Hazardous waste will be managed, transported and disposed as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020. Separate room with paved area will be provided at plant for storage of Hazardous waste. • Solid waste collection and disposal area will be paved area to avoid contamination of soil through leachate. • Water less cleaning will be adopted wherever spill occurs to avoid runoff • No area shall be left excavated or open after any repair & maintenance works
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-11 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• Used oil shall be stored in ISO certified drums to reduce leakage chances and sent to recycler or TSDF • Drains will be provided near machinery area to collect spillage or leakage and channelised to the treatment scheme. • Dry absorbent will be used. • All sensors and manual checking shall be done to check leakage. • 33.28% plot area shall be developed as green area.
6. Ecology & • Tree Cutting • The project is planned with most efficient air pollution control Biodiversity • PM & gaseous systems for achieving air emissions norms, so that the impact on emissions nearby ecosystem is minimized. • Noise Generation • Water sprinkling / dry fog type system will be used to suppress the • Disposal of untreated generation of fugitive dust. water in gardening. • No wastewater shall be discharge outside the plant premises. The treated effluent shall be recycled and re-utilized within the premises for cooling and landscaping purpose. • All the solid and hazardous waste shall be disposed as per the norms. • Green belt and boundary wall will be provided to reduce the impact of air and noise. MGOPL will developed a dense greenbelt in about 3350 sq.m area (33.28% of plot area) within the plant. About 350 no. of trees/shrubs shall be planted. Generally local/indigenous fast-growing trees/ shrubs will be planted. Green belt is proposed all over the boundary wall. Green belt planning shall be done as per guideline laid by CPCB. • An effort apparently will be made to increase the percent of survival in subsequent years.
7. Socio-Economic • Infrastructure needs • Apart from Plant utility and manufacturing area, R&D lab, Canteen, • Accident and Noise admin, Guest House, drinking water, Water treatment, etc facilities problem will be provided within the plant.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-12 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
• All the workers will be continuously trained for proper handling and transportation of hazardous materials as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016 • Hygiene conditions shall be maintained at site. • PPE will be given to labour working in noisy and risky area. Periodic inspection of PPE will be done to ensure that they are in proper condition by keeping the records • All OSHAS guideline will be followed in the plant. • The greenbelt area will be developed which help in enhancing the aesthetics value of the area. • Health and safety officer will be deputed all the time at the plant • MSDS and safety instruction will be displayed in working area
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-13 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
10.5 Occupational Health & Safety and Community Health Safety and Secure
I. Safety Measures & Trainings • All the staff shall be given training for carrying out the work assigned keeping the safety as priority. • All staff shall be provided with personal protective equipment like ear plugs/mufflers, masks, gloves, etc. as required. • Periodic inspection of PPE should be done to ensure that they are in proper condition by keeping the records. • All OHSAS guideline will be followed in the plant • Medical Tests shall be undertaken for workers working in highly noisy area. • Health check-ups shall be undertaken for workers every year • Proper signage about the stations, entry, exit, fire exit, directions, safety messages, conservation of energy & water, non-spitting, non-littering, restricted entry etc. shall be provided at all the place. • Entry to the control rooms, firefighting rooms, Boiler Room, DG area and other similar areas shall be restricted. • Certified First aid trainer shall be present at all the time • Mock drills shall be conducted to train staff for handling emergency situations • Emergency preparedness & response plan prepared for the project should be followed • EHS supervisor shall be deputed at site to ensure the healthy and safe environment at workplace • Workers shall be given training at the site for safety for handling the construction material and equipment • Fire-fighting facility shall be provided at the site and workers should be trained to handle such emergency conditions • Entry to the fuel storage area and electricity meter area shall be restricted. Cautionary notice shall be provided for safety and no entry in areas associated with the risk • Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment • Work Permit System procedure shall be established for safely execution of job. • Standard Operating procedures. • Inbuilt safety measures such as trips, alarms, logics. • All the pressure vessels/pipelines will be provided with Safety Relief Valves, Audio-Visual alarms, trips, Safety interlocks. • Insulation of all the process equipments which are subjected to high temperature conditions. • Worker’s participation in Safety Management system • Incident Investigation & reporting. • MSDS related to all the chemicals used in plant will be displayed and updated regularly. • Hazardous areas will be barricaded and separated from other operating units by proper separation distances.
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• Plant Safety Inspections • Chemicals will be stored at isolated storage facility and labelling also done for identification of the container/chemicals. • On-site emergency plan • Various PPEs, Fire extinguishers, safety showers, first aid boxes (filled) & on- line air masks, Gas masks etc will be provided at various Hazardous installations. II. Fire Protection Measures • Full Fledged Fire & Safety department with professionally qualified, experienced & skilled staff. • Under Ground fire Hydrant system all over the plant as well as water and foam monitor system in crucial areas. • Fire extinguishers of different types will be provided all over the plant areas and buildings at strategic locations. • Fire Hydrant & Riser system with Hose boxes – for empty bag storage areas. • Analog addressable fire detection system at various plant control rooms, Electrical MCC’s and buildings. • Manual call points at strategic locations all over the plant premises. • Various Fire & Safety Appliances like Foam Tenders, Fire Jeep, Water Jet Monitors, Foam Monitors, Fire Pumps (Elect.) Fire Pumps (Diesel), Jockey Pumps and Air Compressors.
10.6 Green Belt Development
In order to mitigate and minimize the environmental impacts, arising due to project especially from air pollution, noise pollution, soil erosion etc. the Greenbelt development work shall be initiated as the project construction work started. The green canopy not only absorbs some of these pollutants as carbon sink but also improves the aesthetic environment, besides attenuating the noise levels.
MG Organics shall develop a dense greenbelt on 33% area (3350 m2) of the total land. About 10 m wide greenbelt shall be developed all around the proposed plant premises. MG Organics shall develop the greenbelt as per CPCB/MoEF guidelines. Following procedure shall be followed for development of the greenbelt.
Development of Greenbelt
The strategy worked out for development of green belt consists of following: ➢ The species selected should be capable of growing fast, ➢ The species should be wind firm and long lived. ➢ Broad leaf trees growing above 10 m in height should be planted along the roads, offices and infrastructure facilities. ➢ The species should form a dense crown cover. ➢ The species should form a litter in abundance on the plantation floor. ➢ Generally local/indigenous fast growing trees/ shrubs should be planted.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-15 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Guidelines and Techniques for Green Belt Development
Based on environmental conditions suitable indigenous plants species shall be planted under green belt development plan. The requirement of plants sapling for development of green belt shall be made from the nearby nursery. The soil characteristics shall also be kept in mind. As advance work the area to be planted shall be demarcated and pit locations marked. Pits of 45cm x 45cm or 60cm x 60cm x 60cm shall be dug out and semi-filled with good and loose weathered soil before planting with the commencement of good monsoon rains sometime in month of July. The digging operation of the pit should be completed before the end of June so as to allow thoroughly weathering of the dugout soil. Prior to the commencement of the rains, pits shall be refilled with the dugout soil and FYM added. Planting shall be done when heavy showers causing run-off occurs sometime between July and August. The saplings should be 9 to 12 months old. Immediately after planting the pits shall be watered with 20 litres / pit and in case of failure of rainfall it should be watered @ 20 litres / pit at fortnight interval. The mortality of plants has been considered @ 10% and re-digging of pit should be carried out before replacement of the individual plant.
Precautions During Plantation
Some important precautions should be taken during the plantation, which are as under: ➢ Polyculture should be practiced. Mixture by group should be preferred over intimate mixture. ➢ Indigenous species recommended should be planted in sufficient numbers to increase their population size in the area. ➢ Multipurpose species should be planted in large numbers.
Proposed Species selected for plantation
The species selected for this plantation are moderately high, good foliage bearing and are able to trap dust and noise. The following species have been planted under green belt. (Error! Reference source not found.)
Table 10.3 : Species to be planted in the industry
Scientific Name Family Habit/ Evergreen Crown Shape Height (E)/ Deciduous (D) Azadirachta indica Mileaceae Tree, 20m E Spreading Bauhinia Caesalpinaceae Tree, 5m D Oblong racemosa Bougainvillea Nyctagianceae Shrub, 8 m E Oblong spectabillis Emblica officinalis Euphorbaeceae Tree, 12m D Oblong Nerium indicum Apocyanaceae Shrub, 3m E Round
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-16 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Thevetia Apocynacea Shrub. 5m E Round peruviana Kigelia africana Bignoniaceae Tree, 20 m E Oblong Bougainvilliea Nyctaginaceae Shrub, E Spreading 10m Syzygium cumini Myrtaceae Tree, 20m E Oblong Tamarindus indica Caesapinaceae Tree 20 m E Round Dalbergia sisoo Fabacea Tree, 15 m D Spreading Albizia Lebback Mimosaceae Tree, 20 m D Oblong Melia azidarch Mileaceae Tree, 15 m D Spreading Delonix regia Fabaceae Tree, 20 m D Spreading Pongamia pinnata Fabacea Tree, 15 m E Round
Budget for Greenbelt
M/s MG Organics will developed a dense greenbelt in 3350 Sqm i.e. about 33% area of the total plot area. On an average about 350 trees/shrubs along with, garden, herbs and shall be planted within the premises as a greenbelt. The capital cost for Greenbelt development (5 = year budget) of the project is estimated to be Rs 9.3 Lakh. The yearly greenbelt budget for the proposed plant is discussed in Table 10.4
Table 10.4 Greenbelt Budget for 5 Years
Total area available for Greenbelt 3350 m2 No of trees to be planted 350 trees with herbs and lawn/gardens 2nd Year recurring Total cost 2nd Year cost Cost per for 1st Year onward (assuming plant Plantation recurring 80% in Rs. cost survival of plant ) Purchase cost of the per sapling Rs. 50 17,500 3,500 Nil Tree planting cost Rs. 80 28,000 5,600 Nil Watering cost (per year) Rs. 200 70,000 70,000 70,000 Maintenance cost (per year) Rs. 100 35,000 35,000 35,000 Manure/pesticides (per year) Rs. 150 52,500 52,500 52,500 Misc. cost (lump sum) for lawn/garden and other form of greenery (per year) - 50,000 10,000 10,000 Total expenses - 2,53,000 1,76,600 1,67000 Total Budget for 5 year = Rs. 9.30 Lakh (Rs. 2,53,000+1,76,600+1,67,000+1,67,000+1,67,000)
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-17 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
10.7 Resource Conservation/ Waste Minimization
MGOPL has proposed to take adequate resource conservation measures in the proposed plant. Key steps which are proposed in the project are as follows:
• Solvent recovery system shall be installed for recovery of solvent. • De-dusting system and other methods will be adopted in the plant to avoid loss of Raw material and products. • Wastewater generated from plant will be segregated in high & low TDS and further will be treated in appropriate treatment scheme. The treated water will be reused within the plant to reduce the freshwater demand. • Agro-waste based briquettes will be used. • Rainwater from administrative buildings will be stored and reused in the plant after pre-treatment to reduce the freshwater demand. • Energy saving measures provided by BEE shall be adopted to reduce the power consumption • Proper scheduling of preventive maintenance of critical machines will minimize used oil generation. • Energy efficient drives / LED lights will be used. • Solar panel shall be installed in the plant to reduce load on Grid Supply. • All latest machineries will be used in the plant to reduce power consumption. • Enough care will be taken to prevent/minimize energy losses at each stage. • Periodic Energy audit will be done.
10.8 Facilities for Employees
Company will give preference to local people (Skilled People) for employment. The Company is more concern for the safety and health of its people, including the larger community outside of the company and the environment as a whole. All employees will be trained to work on sites in the safest possible manner and shall be made aware of the consequences of unsafe act. Company will also provide the shelter, safe drinking water, sanitation facility. The company will allocate adequate budget for safety and Occupational health management of the employees. 10.9 Occupational Health Plan
A detailed risk analysis and its mitigation plan has been prepared, where-in the identification of the anticipated occupational health and safety impact and its control by employing a detailed mitigation planning by comparing the already anticipated impacts during the design and operation stage of the project and providing a separate plan to cater in case if it differs from original. Apart from the occupational exposure, mitigation plans for various activities and work areas of hazards, administrative control measures shall be followed. All the employees will be trained for EHS policies. A full-fledged occupational health centre (OHC) will be provided within the factory for its employees to give first aid in case of any emergency or an employee is feeling sick or is not well. An MBBS doctor will be available in the OHC. The center will have
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-18 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. provision for all necessary and emergency equipments as well as one emergency bed & stetcher for indoor admission and observations. Besides, an ambulance van will also be attached to the medical center round the clock for transportation of patients as and when required. In addition to above, the company will have many well-trained workers in First aid, placed at different areas of workplace. Also, MGOPL will tie up with the nearby Hospital for medical help.
Medical checkup of all workmen working in the factory, will be carried out every six months by a certified doctor. The checkup includes chest X-Ray, Eye checkup, Blood Pressure & pathological tests such as CBC (blood sugar, hemoglobin, platelets/RBS/WBC), urine test, etc.
10.10 Institutional Framework for implementation of EMP Cell
For effective implementation of the proposed environmental management plan, it is necessary to have permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring effective implementation of EMP and to monitor the implementation efficiency. Hence, MGOPL will create a team consisting of officers to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the environmental control measures. This team undertakes the activity of monitoring the stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies assistance wherever necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried out to find out any deterioration in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps are taken, if required, through respective departments. The Environmental Management Cell also collects data about health of workers, green belt development etc.
Progress of the EMP cell shall be reviewed by an Environmental Adviser every year. The Environmental Adviser would be an experienced Environmentalist familiar with environmental management in similar projects. Third party safety audits will be conducted to ensure the compliance of proposed EMP system.
10.10.1 Hierarchical of Environmental Management Plan Cell (EMP Cell) Normal activities of the EMP cell would be supervised by dedicated persons who will report to the Plant Head and Plant Manager of the project. The hierarchical structure of suggested Environmental Management Cell is given in following Figure 10.1. The responsibility of heads is given below
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-19 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Figure 10.1 Hierarchical of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Cell
The EMP Cell co-ordinates all related activities such as safety, workers health, and health of surrounding community and prepare statistical records. Responsibilities of EMC cell are as below: i. Environmental monitoring of the surrounding area. ii. Developing and maintenance of green belt. iii. Ensuring water use is minimized. iv. Carrying out the Environmental Management Plan. v. Monitoring hazardous work through work permit system vi. Pre, periodical and post medical check of employees vii. Conducting audiometry test for employees working in high noise area. viii. Regular training to employees on Health, Safety and Environment Topics. ix. Regular monitoring of, stacks, ambient air, noise etc either internally or by appointing external agency and data analysis. Corrective and preventive action, wherever required. x. Hazardous wastes management and handling. xi. Preparation of various reports like environment statement, carrying out environment audit, preparation of water cess returns and various consent applications and renewal under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as well as application for authorization and its renewal under Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020, and amendment thereof under Environment Protection Act, 1986. To ensure Pollution control equipment’s of each department is under respective department heads. A team of well-trained and experienced staff carry out the tests (as desired) in the laboratory.
10.10.2 Environmental, Health & Safety Policy of MGOPL MGOPL has adopted Environmental, Health & Safety policy in the plant for sustainability. The industry shall implement and achieve the following target points under compliance for Environment, Health and Safety: 1. Complying with all applicable legit and other requirements related to Quality, Environment, Health and Safety System.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-20 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
2. Ensuring employee compliance trough mandatory training and programs in quality, health, safety and environmental issues. 3. Making the employees responsible and accountable for all quality, health, safety and environmental issues. 4. Providing adequate protection & maintaining safe working environment in all our work area for prevention of pollution, injury and ill heath arising out of our activities. 5. Conservation of natural resources through optimal utilization. 6. Control of air emissions, water discharge, noise generation and land contamination. 7. Minimization of waste generation. 8. Create quality, health, safety and environment awareness amongst all our employees/business associates and also make them aware of their roles and responsibilities. 9. Timely review of objectives to ensure the implementation of quality, environment, health and safety policy.
10.10.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism A grievance mechanism shall be established to receive the concerns and issues being faced by community in the project area both during construction and operation phase. Information of such system shall be made available to the public through consultations, notices, advertisements, displaying on website etc. Grievance redressal cell should be established by concessionaire, implementation agency and project proponent during the construction phase and by the proponent during the operation phase. Through the grievance redressal mechanism, community is free to lodge their concerns and submit their suggestions. The grievance mechanism will be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the project. It will be address concerns promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is culturally appropriate and readily accessible to all segments of the affected communities, and at no cost and without retribution. The Project proponent will inform the affected communities about the mechanism. Grievance redressal system will include provision of a box at construction site, casting yard & workshop site, storage yard site & site office site, labeled as grievance redressal box. Grievances can be dropped by aggrieved into this box. Also, a registered for grievance redressal shall be maintained at entry gate of all above mentioned areas where aggrieved can register its complaint along with his details like name, contact number and can take the reference complaint number. Grievance redressal box or register will be reviewed every week and first response to the grievance to the aggrieved will be given within 7 days of grievance submitted by the receiver. Grievance redressal cell shall be considering the following points for functioning • The decision on the grievance would be communicated to the aggrieved person within a timeframe (1 week). • All grievances shall be documented and indexed for future reference. The proceeding and actions against each of the grievance shall be documented and
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-21 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
also carry this index number for easy traceability. The grievance received shall be communicated to all the concerned person. • If required, the aggrieved community member can also be made a part of the Redressal process, so he is able to place his point of view. 10.10.4 Reporting As per the MoEF&CC guideline, Environment monitoring report and compliance of conditions mentioned in the environment clearance will be submitted to the RO- MoEF&CC, SPCB, MoEF&CC online portal i.e., parivesh and shall be uploaded on company’s website. Compliances will be submitted in month of June and December for the period of April to September and October to March respectively. Third party laboratory (approved MoEF&NABL laboratory) shall be appointed for carrying out the monitoring. Also, self-environmental audit, Health & safety audit and Energy audit shall be conducted annually.
10.11 Budget for environmental management plan
Company will spend cost on environment management plan for compliance of standards, norms laid down by GoI and environmental sustainability. The cost proposed in Environmental management plan is given in Table 10.5.
Table 10.5 Budget for environmental management plan
S.No Proposed Expenditure . (In Rs. Lakhs) Particulars Capital Remarks Recurring Cost Cost
1. Air pollution & Dust Extraction & Noise Pollution 40 20 suppression system, stacks, control monitoring scrubber, monitoring 2. Water pollution MEE/ETP/SBT/detail water 80 20 control management, etc 3. Storage/disposal/treatment Solid Waste 20 - /reception /collection Management /transport 4. Environment monitoring and 20 5 Continuous monitoring management 5. Occupational Periodic health checks up & 10 10 health PPEs 6. Green belt 16 5 Green belt development Development 7. Rainwater 10 - Storage or recharging harvesting Total (In Rs. 196 50 Lakhs)
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-22 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 10-23 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER 11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 Project Description
M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. has been a reputed name in the chemical industry and well-known manufacturers, exporters, and traders of well formulated range of chemicals, thinners, diluent, solvents & paint strippers post its establishment in 2003. The company is one of the leading producers of various range of products including Acetone, Ethyl Acetate, Iso Propyl Alcohol (IPA), Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Methylene Chloride (MDC), Ethylene Dichloride (EDC), Perchloroethylene (PCE), Tetrahydrofuran (THF), Trichloroethylene (TCE), Toluene, Xylene, Thinners & Diluent etc. It is in ISO 9001:2015 certified company.
The company has a unit located at HD-24 & HC-08 UPSIDC Industrial Area, Sikandrabad, District- Bulandshahar, Uttar Pradesh, Pin- 203205 involved in production of chemicals, thinners, diluent, solvents & paint strippers. The company’s customer- oriented approach has been thriving them in providing best service as per exact needs of the end users.
In order to diversify the company’s name in various sectors, the organization has proposed to setup a “Pesticide Manufacturing Project” at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh – 281403.
The proposed project is a “Pesticide Manufacturing Project” which falls under item no. 5(b) i.e., pesticide and pesticide specific intermediates as per the EIA notification, September 14, 2006 (as amended time to time), it is to be treated as Category 'A', and needs to obtain the prior Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC, New Delhi. As the site falls in approved industrial area, hence public hearing/public consultation is exempted for the proposal.
The total capacity of the proposed plant will be 700 MT/month (Insecticide- 200 MT/month, Fungicide-100 MT/month, Herbicide- 100 MT/month, Advanced specific pesticides intermediates- 100 MT/month and Research & Development-based Products- 200 MT/month). The plant also proposes formulation unit with a total capacity of 300 MT/month. Since, environmental clearance has been exempted for formulation units as per EIA Notification, 2006 and further amendments, formulation capacity for the plant has not been added. There is no interlinked project with this project. The application for the scoping of the said project was submitted to the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) Industry II, MoEF&CC, New Delhi and the standard ToR was granted to the project vide F.No. IA-J-11011/289/2020-IA-II(I) on 27th November, 2020.
The salient features of the proposed project are given below in Table 11.1
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 11-1 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Table 11.1 Salient Features of the Proposed project
S. No. Particular Details 22. Plot/Survey/Khasra No Plot No. Q-2/6 & Q-2/7, Kosi Kotwan Extension-II, Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (UPSIDC) Industrial Area, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh- 281403 23. Village Kosi Kalan 24. Tehsil Mathura 25. District Mathura 26. State Uttar Pradesh 27. Latitude 27°49'40.0"N 28. Longitude 77°24'26.6"E 29. Land Area The land has been allotted to M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. from Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (UPSIDC). The total land area is 10067.15 m2. 3350 m2 i.e. 33.28% of total land is allocated for green area development. 30. Land use and Land cover Land Use- Industrial Land Cover- Vacant land 31. Defense Installations None (within 15 Km radius) 32. Ecological Sensitive Areas/ None (within 15 Km radius) Protected Areas as per Wildlife Protection Act 1972 (National Parks / Wildlife sanctuaries / bio-sphere reserves / tiger reserves) 33. Reserved / Protected Forest Kotban Reserved Forest (0.22 km, W) 34. State Boundary Haryana State Boundary (4.52km, NW) 35. Water Bodies Gaunchhi Distributary (2.14 km, SE) 36. Nearest National Highway/ NH-2(1.14 km, E) Other Road 37. Nearest Rail Head Kosi Kalan Railway Station (5.32 km, SE) 38. Nearest Airport Indira Gandhi International Airport (84 km, N) 39. Nearest Village Kosi Kalan 40. Nearest Residential Area Village Kosi Kalan 41. Nearest Educational Instiute 6 MD Jain Public School Road (4.09 km, NE) 7 Primary School Naduvas (4.49 km, NE)
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 11-2 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
8 Primary School Jawahar Park (4.70 km, E) 9 Nagar Palika Girls School (5.02 km, NE) 10 G.D Public School (5.20 km, SE)
42. Nearest Hospital 1. Chauhan Hospital (4.35 km, NE) 2. BPL Nursing Home (4.91 km, E) 3. Brij Nursing Home and Trauma Centre (4.96 km, E) 4. Community Health Center (5.17 km, NE)
11.2 Description of the Environment
Site Characteristics M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd. proposed a Pesticide unit of Total capacity of 700MT/Month excluding formulation at Plot No. Q-2/6&7, UPSIDC Industrial Area, Kosi Kotwan Extension -2, District- Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. The proposed project will be proposed in industrial Land. The plant will be spread over an area of 10067.15 m2. Its geographical coordinates are 27°49'40.06"N, 77°24'26.60"E. The site is approachable through Internal road which is adjusting to site in west direction of proposed site. Nearest Railway station is Kosi Kalan Railway Station at 5.70 km South-South-East from the project site. The nearest National highway NH-2 is about 1.04 km East -North-East direction from proposed site. Nearest airport at Indira Gandhi International Airport is about 86.35 Km towards NNW direction from project site. There is no National Park, Sanctuary, Elephant/Tiger Reserve (existing as well as proposed), migratory routes/ wildlife corridor exists within 10 km radius around the Project site. Nearest village is Nabipur (0.82 km,S) from the Project site. Nandgaon Distributary, Kosi Distributary, Agra Canal and Shergarh Distributary are found within the study area.
Topography and Meteorology The topography of the proposed site is Plain and elevation of site ranges between 186 to 187 amsl. The Topography of Mathura district is mainly a plain. Elevation of study area varies from 170 to 203 amsl. Temperature– Annual Average mean minimum temperature varies from 3.2°C (Jan) to 22.9°C (August) while mean maximum temperature varies from 25.2°C (Jan) to 45.4°C (June). The highest monthly average temperature is 45.4°C in June where lowest monthly average temperature is 3.2°C in the month of January. January is the coldest month. Relative Humidity–Relative Humidity at 8:30 hr varies from 47% (May) to 76% (August) while at 17:30 hr it ranges from 39% (May) to 72% in (August).During the
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 11-3 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
monsoon season relative humidity generally varies between 49% to 76% in the morning and 43% to 72% in the afternoon. Rainfall– The monsoon starts in the Last week of Month May and normally condition up to September and sometime extends up to middle of October but the trend of maximum average rainfall recorded in the area identifies the period between June to September. Total annual mean rainfall was observed to be 600.1 mm. Highest monthly average rainfall is 205.2 mm in the month of August whereas lowest monthly average rainfall is 3.9 mm in November. Wind Direction–The wind pattern of the region shows that the predominant wind direction is NW for most of the months. Seismicity: According to the seismic-zoning map of India, the project area falls in Zone-IV (High Risk Zone) of seismicity.
Baseline Period The baseline environmental data generation has been done for the period of 1st October 2020 to 31st December 2020. The study area within a 10-km radius around the proposed plant site has been considered as impact zone for EIA study. Primary and secondary data has been collected for 10 Km radius of the project site. J. P Test House & Research Centre Shahibabad Industrial Area Shahibabad Ghaziabad (UP) along with EQMS Team carried out sampling and testing.
Site Specific Met Data Temperature – During the study period daily minimum temperature was 7oC and daily maximum temperature was 40 oC. Relative Humidity – During the study period daily minimum humidity was 8% and daily maximum humidity was 88%. Wind Speed– The average wind speed is 2.01 m/s. Wind Direction – The predominant wind direction is North-West.
Soil Quality Eight locations were monitored for checking soil Quality in study area. Texturally the soils of study area are observed as Sandy Loam soils. The Bulk Density of the soils was found in the range of 1.32 to 1.45-gm/cc. Porosity was observed in the range of 45.2 to 50.2%, in the Soils of the study area. Water holding capacity of study area soils was observed as 28.6 to 30.8%. The test result shows the Permeability values of soils were found to be varied between 0.96 & 2.03 cm/hr under Sandy Loam textured Soils in the study area. The soil pH ranges from 7.58 to 7.88 thereby indicating the soils are slightly alkaline in nature. The organic carbon content of soil varied from 0.46 to 0.58% (0.79 to 0.99% as organic matter) thereby implying that soils are low to medium in organic content. Available nitrogen content in the surface soils ranges between 269.5 & 298.5 kg/ha, thereby indicating that soils are Low to Medium available nitrogen content. Available phosphorus content ranges between 16.2 kg/ha to 25.5 kg/ha.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. 11-4 | P a g e EIA report of Proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project Kosi Kotwan Ext-II, UPSIDC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh-281403 By M/s MG Organics Pvt. Ltd.
Available potassium content in these soils’ ranges between 146.5 kg/ha to 185.6 kg/ha thereby indicating that the soils are Medium in potassium content.
Zinc level in most of the study area soils are observed in the range of 1.45 to 1.86 mg/kg. Above description of study area soils reveals that the soils in the study area are having medium fertility status.
Water Quality (Ground Water & Surface Water) Eight ground water samples were collected from different locations around the site during study period. The water samples were examined for physicochemical parameters and bacteriological parameters. As per the study conducted, overall the parameters in ground water sample were well within the permissible limit of Indian Standard IS: 10500-2012. No surface body was available during the monitoring period in the study area.
Air Quality AAQ monitoring was done at eight locations within the study area considering dominant wind direction, populated area and sensitive receptors. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, NH3, CO, VOC, and HC were monitored. Overall, the ambient air quality of the study area is found within the national ambient air quality standard except PM10 and
PM2.5 at some locations. Noise Noise was monitored at eight locations in the study area. The noise level at Umrala & Hasanpur Nagla location was observed to be Slightly exceeding the ambient CPCB noise limit. The major source of the noise in the Umrala is due to residential area and nearest road which is directly connected with NH2 and in the Hasanpur Nagla is due to residential Area, Railway Line & NH-2 and for all other location of the study area is found within the prescribed National Ambient Noise Quality Standards prescribed for industrial (Standards - 75 dB(A) during day time and 65 dB(A) during night time) residential area (Standards - 55 dB(A) during day time and 45 dB(A) during night time) and commercial area (Standards - 65 dB(A) during day time and 55 dB(A) during night time).
Traffic The site is accessible through NH-2 which passes across 1.04 km ENE of project site. The transportation of material will be through Internal Road which is further connected to NH-2. The transportation of raw material and finished product will be through Road. As per the study conducted, no major traffic is present at this road. With the operation of proposed project, the traffic volume would increase further. However, the incremental will be very less in comparison to the carrying capacity of the road. LOS will be increase after project 47.28%. Thus, no major impact is anticipated in the nearby road due to the proposed project. Biological Environment
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The proposed site is located in UPSIDC industrial are and no trees are present within the proposed project area. However, few seasonal herbs required to be uprooted for construction of proposed project. Most of the land around the study area (10 km radius around the project site) is under agriculture and residential uses. No national parks, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve is present within 10 km area of the project site. No Reserve Forest and protected forests are present within the study area. Because there is no forest in the study area and the vegetation is restricted along roadside and other open areas along the agriculture fields.
Flora: The vegetation is meager in spite of the favorable environmental conditions. Due to Industrialization as well as agriculture activities there is very less green area remains in the study area. The vegetation is mainly restricted along the roadside and agriculture fields boundary only. The general appearance of the vegetation is entirely dominated by one species i.e. Acacia nilotica. Its main associates are Prosopis cineraria, Acacia leucophloea, Ailanthus excels, Senegalia catechu Ficus religiosa, Ficus bengalensis, Delonix regia, Casia fistula, Azadirachta indica and Delbergia sisoo etc. Ground vegetation covered by dominant shrubs and herbs is Zyziphus mauritiana, Argemone mexicana, Solanum surattense, Xanthium strumarium, Ipomea cornia, Ipomea fistulosa, Dhatura metal, Calotropis procera, Sida cordifolia, Canabis sativa, Chenopodium album, Cyanodon dactylon, Parthenium hysterophorus, and Helienthus annum. Wildlife in the study area is restricted to commonly found mammal species this is mainly due to the urbanisation and industrialization of the area.
The listed fauna found in study area has been cross-checked with Red Data Book of Indian Animals (Zoological Survey of India). There is no endangered or Schedule-I faunal species present in the study area except Pavo cristatus which is a schedule-I species. The Indian Peafowl is categorized as ‘Least Concerned’ in the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List. A least concern (LC) species is a species which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as evaluated but not qualified for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, near threatened, or (before 2001) conservation dependent.
Demography As per the census records 2011, the total population was recorded as 198343 persons of 35 revenue villages/town in Mathura, Palwal, Mewat districts in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. The study area of 10 km radius mainly lying in 3 districts namely Mathura,Palwal, Mewat of Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. All study area revenue villages are under 3 Tehsils namely Chhat(27 villages), Hodal (07 villages and one Town), Punhana(1village) in Mathura,Palwal, Mewat districts in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana Total number of ‘Households’ was observed as 32362 in the study area. Male-Female wise total population in the study area was recorded as 106446 males and 91897 females respectively.
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11.3 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Air Pollution During Construction Phase, air quality may get impacted in the area during construction/installation phase due to various project activities including excavation and filling, Transportation and storage of raw materials & debris, movement of construction vehicle, Operation of construction machinery & equipment and Operation of DG sets. To mitigate the same, water sprinkling shall be done. Raw materials/debris/excavated muck shall be properly stacked and stored under covered conditions at designated areas/storage yards. Debris/muck will be regularly removed from the site for regular storage/disposal. Locally available raw material will be preferably used. Construction workers shall be provided with mask.
During Operation Phase, the main source of emissions in the plant are burning of fuel in Steam Boiler, generators and process reactor vents. Also, spillage of Diesel, used oil, chemicals may result in emission of VOCs in the air environment which may cause irritation in eyes, nose and throat, difficulty breathing and nausea. Thus, measures shall be adopted in the plant to mitigate the same. Steam boiler (2 TPH and 3 TPH) will be coal based. ESP with 30 m stack and ESP with 32 m stack shall be provided for Boilers to achieve the emission standards. Due to High Calorific value and minimal amount of ash generation of Indonesian Coal, it will be imported from Indonesia. All the process reacor vents shall be equipped with two stage water/alakali scrubber to maintain the flue gas emissions. Transportation of raw material and finished product shall be done through in covered through trucks. All transfer points in material handling operations will be covered to minimize fugitive dust emissions. A good housekeeping consisting of cleaning up spills, removing accumulations around processing equipment will be practiced. Regular monitoring shall be done by Environment management to adhere the all norms in the plant. Noise Pollution During Construction Phase, source of noise during the construction phase of project will be from construction activities such as site levelling, foundation; operation of construction machinery such as machinery and other activities. Also, there will be noise generation from movement of vehicles carrying material, loading & unloading activities, operation of DG set, etc. It is proposed that beside the barricading of Boundary wall, the following control measures will be adopted at the points near to the source of noise to keep the ambient noise levels. The construction activity will be carried out mostly during daytime. Proper maintenance of noise generating transport vehicles. Regular maintenance of heavy earth vehicles may be adopted to reduce noise levels. Noise level from loading & unloading of material will be reduced by usage of various types of cranes & placing material on sand or sandy bag beds.
During Operation Phase, the main sources of noise generation in the proposed project are various types of ID fans, pumps & compressors, grinders, DG sets, etc. As per the baseline study, the Noise level in plant is within standard limits. Noise may cause speech interference, annoyance, hearing impairment, increase in
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heartbeat/ blood pressure of the human. The noise generated from the project activities will not be attenuated significantly due to atmospheric attenuation. Also, by using standard practice of operation, these impacts can be minimized and made insignificant. Equipment meeting standard of noise shall be used. All engineering control practice shall be undertaken during installation of machinery to maintain noise level. Acoustical Enclosures and Mufflers will be provided at all required locations. Vibration pads and foundation will be provided at all heavy machinery areas. Earmuffs will be used while in high noise areas.
Water Pollution During Construction Phase, facilities like drinking, sanitation shall be provided to labour during the installation/construction purpose. Water will be required for domestic purpose of construction workers and staff and for carrying out construction activities, curing of structures, material mixing etc. max 110 local labour will be employed. There will be requirement of 5 KLD for labour and 5 KLD of construction purpose. Utilization of water may impact the water demand of the vicinity. Construction will be continued only for 1-2 years; thus, the impact is anticipated to be short term. No wastewater will be discharge to surface or ground water. Thus, no impact on Water Quality is envisaged during construction phase. However, all standard practice shall be maintained at site to maintain water quality.
During Operation Phase, The total water requirement for the project is 140 KLD and the freshwater requirement is 95 KLD. The source of fresh water will be Ground water through borewell and rest will be sufficed by re-using 45 KLD treated water from STP/ETP/MEE. In pesticide industry main source of water pollution is manufacturing process and use of water in other utilities. The sources of wastewater from the proposed plant is process, boiler, cooling tower, washings, canteen facilities and admin building during operation phase. Wastewater from all sources shall be collected and flow through closed conduit or pipe network to the treatment schemes.
Wastewater will be segregated into two streams i.e. STREAM -I: Concentrated Stream for MEE Treatment and STREAM – II: Diluted Stream for ETP treatment. The entire operation will be in a closed system. Stream I will be treated in MEE. MEE condensate will be reused within the premises while MEE distillate will be sent to ETP for further treatment. Stream II will be treated in ETP (primary treatment). Treated water will be further treated in RO. RO Permeate generated will be reused in the unit (cooling tower makeup water) while RO reject will be discharged to MEE for treatment and disposal.There will be no process effluents discharged outside the plant. All the treated effluent will be recycled in process and other utilities. Project shall be Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). All the standards of UPPCB and MoEF&CC shall be maintained.
Waste Management During Construction Phase, generation of sand, gravel, concrete, stone, bricks, wood, metal, glass, polythene sheets, plastic, paper etc. as waste. Various operations during the construction activities lead to the varied compositions in the total solid waste stream and affect the site. Thus, this waste is required to be collected,
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segregated and disposed in manner that it does not mixes or polluting air, water and soiling environment. Excavated topsoil shall be used for backfilling/ greenbelt development & plantation. Municipal waste will be minimal as most of construction workforce will come from near areas and no construction camp is proposed. The waste generated will be collected and segregated and will be disposed off suitably. Hence impacts will be insignificant and for short duration only. These impacts will be confined to the construction site only and no adverse impact on the surroundings is anticipated. As soon as the construction will be over, all wastes from the site will be cleared with due care, meeting regulatory requirement, if any.
During Operation Phase, there are generation of different kind of Industrial hazardous wastes from production process and other activities. Process residue and spent catalyst are generated which are hazardous and may cause harm if come into contact with skin and sludge and any other may cause nuisance if not maintained properly. Industrial hazardous wastes will be sent to CHWTSDF site while other solid wastes are segregated in salable and non-salable waste. All wastes will be disposed as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020. Separate paved storage area for Hazardous/Non- Hazardous/Municipal will be provided within the plant area. The expected municipal solid waste generation at the project site is 50 Kg/day which will be segregated in biodegradable waste (Canteen waste, food waste, garden waste, etc) and recyclable waste (plastic, paper, glass, etc). Recyclable waste will be sold off to authorized vendors. Biodegradable waste will be sent to land fill through vendors. Solid Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2020 shall be followed at site.
Land Environment During Construction Phase, there will be no change in land use as site is demarcated for industrial use only. However, land cover will change from vacant land to industry. As the land is devoided of any structure or trees thus no clearance of land is required.
During Operation Phase, there is generation of waste and spillage which could pollute the agricultural land. Hazardous waste generated in the Plant will be disposed as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2020. All precautions will be taken to avoid spillage from storage.
Soil Quality
During Construction Phase, soil may get contaminated, if sewage is disposed of on the soil, littering of municipal waste, e-waste and spillage of HSD, oil and fuel. Excavation or digging will be required to provide foundation. Movement of construction vehicles and equipment will lead to compaction of soil. Mitigation measures are required to be taken to prevent the soil pollution. The topsoil shall be stripped from excavation areas (approx. 15 cm as per IRC guidelines) and stockpiled in covered condition for later reuse in landscaping in covered sheds. HSD shall be stored on paved surface and drains will be provided around such surfaces so as to drain out the spillage and prevent mixing from soil. Site shall be cleaned on daily
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basis. Debris and loose raw material shall be stored on the paved surfaces in covered condition. Municipal waste from labour camp and site shall be collected and disposed off through local agency in area on daily basis.
During Operation Phase, spillage of material like effluent, chemical, Hazardous waste, used oil and fuel may contaminate the soil. Due to improper disposal of solid waste & liquid waste includes the leaching from biodegradable waste and effect on flora from spillage of waste on soil. Liquid effluent shall be collected through closed loop channel to treatment scheme. Only treated water shall be used for gardening after assuring standards norms of irrigation. No untreated water will be discharged on the land. Sensors will be provided to detect leakage. Separate room with paved area will be provided at plant for storage of Hazardous waste. Solid waste collection and disposal area will be paved area to avoid contamination of soil through leachate. Water less cleaning will be adopted wherever spill occurs to avoid runoff. No area shall be left excavated or open after any repair & maintenance works.
Ecology and Biodiversity During Construction Phase, the construction activities like excavation, levelling and filling up operation may result in fugitive dust and noise emission. The dust deposition on pubescent leaves of the surrounding vegetation may lead to temporary reduction of photosynthesis and high noise in the area may disturb the wild fauna specially avifauna. The runoff from construction area may lead to a short-term increase in suspended solids and decrease in dissolved oxygen near the discharge point in receiving water body. This may lead to a temporary decrease in the photosynthetic activity of phyto-planktons, rise in anaerobic conditions and food chain modification. Dust generation due to construction activities be confined mostly to the initial period of the construction phase and would be minimized through paving of roads, surface treatment, regular water sprinkling in dust generating areas and green area. Proper drainage network shall be developed and storm water shall be channelized through sedimentation basins to control suspended solids, All project activities shall be undertaken with appropriate noise mitigation measures to avoid disturbance to human as well as faunal population in the region, Activities generating high noise shall be restricted to day time and will be mitigated to minimize the noise level outside the site boundary, Movement of construction and transport vehicles shall be restricted to dedicated paths to minimize any harm to small mammals/ reptiles within the site, Dense greenbelt in more than 33% area (3350 m2) shall be developed in the plant area, further it will act as a barrier to dust and noise.
During Operation Phase, the impact on the surrounding ecology during the operation of the project will mainly occur from the deposition of air pollutants. Chronic and acute effects on plants and animals may be induced when the concentration of air
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pollutants exceeds threshold limits. The project is therefore planned with most efficient air pollution control systems for achieving air emissions norms, so that the impact on nearby ecosystem are minimized. Most of the fugitive dust emission generation points are also fitted with efficient air pollution control systems. Water sprinkling / dry fog type system will be used at to suppress the generation of fugitive dust. Green belt and boundary wall will be provided to reduce the impact of air and noise. MGOPL will developed a dense greenbelt in about 3350 sq.m area (33.28% of plot area) within the plant. About 350 no. of trees/shrubs shall be planted. Generally local/indigenous fast-growing trees/ shrubs will be planted. 6-9 m wide green belt is proposed all over the boundary wall. Green belt planning shall be done as per guideline laid by CPCB. No national park, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve exists within 10 km area of the project.
Socio-Economic Environment During Construction Phase, construction activities have their impacts on surroundings like unpleasant view, increased traffic, increased noise, emissions, waste generation & piling of waste etc. All these have impacts on the society. However, construction phase will generate employment options for skilled and unskilled labour. Thus, measures are necessary to be adopted to overcome these impacts. The workforce required during the construction phase will be depending upon construction activities. Thus, impact on the physical and aesthetic resources will be minimal. The project proponent shall ensure that most of the workforce shall be engaged from the nearby villages/town. Construction Phase: Approx. 17 kg/day solid waste will be generated that should get disposed off to nearest MSW disposal site. Recyclable waste should be sent to authorize recyclers. Debris, Scraps, excavated soil, used bags, steel in bits and pieces and cardboards waste shall be generated and should be disposed properly. Other solid waste generated will be E- waste, Cut/torn PP bags plastic waste, rubber waste, empty barrels oil, empty containers of chemicals used in processes. The dust shall be generated from vehicular and construction equipment movement (but will be minimal). The emission generated from the process will be thoroughly scrubbed. All appropriate measures will be taken to control odor and dust. Construction Phase: Noise is expected to be generated during construction phase mainly from application of heavy machinery and traffic. Regular maintenance of machineries will be carried out to prevent noise pollution. PPE’s will be provided to workers During Operation Phase, there will be requirement of the skilled and unskilled labour. Proposed project leads to the employment generation of 90 employees (permanent & temporary) during operation phase and total influx of population will be 100 no. including staff and visitors. Indirect employment opportunities will also be generated in various activities like raw material and final products transportation, contractual manpower for non-critical activities at the plant (canteen, gardening, housekeeping etc.). The industrial growth of the region will help in infrastructure development in the area. The proposed production will increase the indigenous production of Pesticides and reduce the Demand-supply gap and also will ease the availability of Pesticides to farmers. It will also generate income for government
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through taxes. Overall, the project will have positive impacts on socio-economic environment. Through CER activity company management will be committed to improve infrastructural facilities for the local people in field of Environmental, Medical, and Transportation etc.
However, due to operation & maintenance there may be various risks for the staff and other nearby people. Thus, all the workers are continuously trained for proper handling and transportation of hazardous materials as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016. All staff will be provided with personal protective equipment like ear plugs/mufflers, masks, gloves, etc as required. Workers medical Tests are undertaken periodically.
11.4 Environmental Monitoring Programme
Environmental monitoring plan will be implemented as per regulatory requirement to comply the necessary compliances. As per the MoEF&CC guideline, Environment monitoring report and compliance of conditions mentioned in the environment clearance will be submitted to the RO-MoEF&CC, SPCB, MoEF&CC online portal i.e., parivesh and shall be uploaded on company’s website. Compliances will be submitted in month of June and December for the period of April to September and October to March respectively. Third party laboratory (approved MoEF&NABL laboratory) shall be appointed for carrying out the monitoring. Also, self-environmental audit, Health & safety audit and Energy audit shall be conducted annually.
11.5 Additional Studies
Risk assessment study has been undertaken to identify the Hazard and preparation of mitigation. All measures will be adopted as per the guideline. On-site and Off-site Emergency plan will be placed in the plant. Health Centre with Ambulance facility will be provided in the for-emergency purposes. Following safety measures are adopted by the plant.
• All storage tanks in the tank farm should be dyked. Other operation and maintenance features shall be based on established best safety practices. • Concentration detectors for hazardous chemical vapours (e.g. organic solvents/chemicals etc.) fire Smoke / heat detectors and fire alarm should be installed at all strategic locations in the plant. • A schedule for preventive maintenance including health survey of all plant equipment should be adhered to as far as possible. • Ensure the absence of ignition sources in storage area. • Ensure placement of fire fighting facilities, such as, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder and foam type fire extinguishers in addition to fire hydrant system, at strategic locations. Spill control measures, such as, removal of all ignition sources from the spill area and ventilating the area as well as soaking the spilled material with paper, towel or mud and letting the volatile substance evaporate slowly in a safe area.
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• Compulsory use of protective clothing, non-sparking tools and warning signs during critical operations and maintenance. • Training / refresher courses on safety information’s / norms. • Eyewash and showers should be put up at strategic places for use during emergencies. • A group of plant personnel should be trained in first aid, rescue, firefighting and emergency control measures. These personnel will form core group/emergency squad who will fight the emergency and also act as rescue and first aid team. • In order to ensure communication from isolated places/locations Walkie- Talkie be made available to persons working in these areas. This will considerably improve the effectiveness of emergency management. • There is no substitute for training-mock drills and these must be held at regular interval keeping the following objectives in mind: • Real time mock-drill should be carried out for probable/likely hazardous situation (after the plant is successfully commissioned). • Target to be set up for various tasks and events during an emergency. • Weak links should be marked and corrective action taken to improve effectiveness during emergency. • MGOPL team already understand the implication and hazards in pesticide industry and has implemented most of the measures in the sister organisation existing plants.
Following steps for OHS activities have been suggested:
• Employee’s health check-up: pre-employment and periodic check-up during employment. The health check-up observations should be informed to employees. • The health should include any impact due to hazards at work place including (but not limited to) due to noise, heat, illumination, dust, any other chemicals, metals being suspected in environment and going into body of workers either through inhalation, ingestion or through skin absorption and steps taken to avoid musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD), backache, pain in minor and major joints, fatigue etc. • Training and refresher courses on safety to all employees. • Employees should be made aware of the hazards in the plant and the preventive actions to be safe from such hazards. • Response to Injuries: Based on a survey of possible injuries, a procedure for response to injuries or exposure to hazardous substances should be established. All staff should have minimum training to such response and the procedure ought to include the following:
• Immediate first aid, such as eye splashing, cleansing of wounds and skin, and Bandage etc. • Immediate reporting to a responsible designated person
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• If possible, retention of the item and details of its source for identification of possible hazards. • Medical surveillance • Recording of the incident • Investigation, determination and implementation of remedial action • Emergency Facilities: MGO does not need DMP or Emergency Management Planning as per norms (MSIHC Rules). However Emergency facilities should be developed considering the likely hazards in the plant and sincerely implemented. Mock drills for various scenarios should be carried out and results of the drills should be recorded. Weak links in the mock drills should be strengthened.
• MGO should have a well-equipped first aid post. It will also have staff personnel trained in first aid. Injured personnel will be immediately rushed to hospital after giving first aid. All employees will have regular medical checkup as per norms. • A sample DMP is attached for reference. • An emergency vehicle / ambulance will always (round the clock) available for meeting any eventuality. 11.6 Project Benefits
• It will increase the indigenous production of Pesticide. • It will maintain stability in Indigenous / domestic market for Pesticide. • It will reduce the import possibility of Pesticides to some extent and yield national saving. • There will be temporary employment generation during construction & Operation period. • It will ease the availability of Pesticides to farmers. • Business opportunities to the local people shall be available during the construction & Operation phase • The project will contribute to the Government Revenue
11.7 Environment Management Plan
EHS policy will be adopted by the plant for sustainability. A separate EMP cell, Fire & Safety cell and Occupational Health Centre will be provided in the plant for compliance of Environmental management plan and OHSAS guideline. MGOPL will implement all guidelines laid down by UPPCB, CPCB and MoEF&CC.
The cost of project is estimated to be about Rs. 12.93 Crores. Rs.196 Lacs of capital cost & Rs. 50 Lacs/year of recurring cost will be spent on Environment Management Plan.
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CHAPTER 12. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. is one of the leading Environmental Consultancy having accreditation in more than 17 sectors. We have experience of more than 20 years in the field of environmental consultancy services with providing services all over India and in the neighbouring countries Sri-Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Saudi Arabia and Abu Dabi in the sectors like Building Construction and Area Development, Inland Waterways, Metro and Railways, Highway Bridges, Wind and Solar Power, Industrial, Due Diligence, Cement Projects, Mining Projects, and Many more.
We also have experience of working on various projects which are funded by bilateral and multilateral funding agencies like World Bank, ADB and IFC etc. We have enormous experience of working on various Building constructions and Area Development Projects We have the team of well experienced and qualified professional who are capable of undertaking titanic projects with easy.
The EQMS is a NABET accredited A Category consultant and is authorize to carryout EIA study for 5 (b) – A category projects also as per schedules. Therefore, EQMS India Pvt Ltd. has been accorded work of carry out environment impact assessment of the proposed Pesticide Manufacturing Project. The key person deployed for the project is listed below:
PK Srivastava, having total 30+ years of working experience and worked as EIA coordinator and Risk Hazard expert on various projects related to Pharmaceutical industries, Fertilizer and Pesticide projects. Tendered advice on several environmental matters to the company and their clients. Represented the company at the MoEF Expert committee meetings and State SEAC meetings for presenting the EIA reports and successfully obtained environmental clearances to various projects.
Function Area Expert:
Mr. Ratnesh Kotiyal (EC and FAE-EB), Deputy General Manager accredited FAE by NABET has worked in the current project as an Ecology and Biodiversity expert. He has over 17 years of experience in EIA and is technical group head for EIA related activities and infrastructure projects.
Mr. Anil Kumar (FAE-LU and SE), Deputy Specialist, NABET accredited A category Expert for Socio-economic and Land use, has vast experience in carrying out GIS based studies and social impact assessment for various types of industries &infrastructure projects. He has provided technical assistance throughout the project and co-ordinate the field activities during assessment.
Mr. Sanjay Kumar Jain (FAE- AP, WP, SHW, RH) Technical Director of EQMS having more than 33 years’ experience to carry out the various impact assessment studies
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of various industrial, infrastructure projects and carry out various multinational bilateral and multilateral world bank funded project.
Empanelled Expert
Mr. Sanjeev Sharma (FAE AQ NV) has more than 20 years’ experience in carrying out EIA studies for various types of AQ and NV related projects.
Mr. Hardik Patel (FAE Geo) has more than 10 years’ experience in carrying out EIA studies for various types of Geology related projects.
Mr. Yamesh Sharma (FAE Hydrogeology) has more than 40 years’ experience in carrying out EIA studies for various types of hydrogeology related projects.
Mr. Dipil K Pandey (FAE NV) has more than 30 years’ experience in carrying out EIA studies for various types of noise & vibration related projects.
Team Members
Mr. Kapil Singh (AP & NV) B. Tech (Environment), having experience of 3 years in carrying out the various studies of EIA like Air Environment, Noise Environment & provides his assistance to carry out the EIA studies in various construction and Industrial Projects. He provides technical assistance during discussions and field work for the projects.
Ms Sweta Shah (EIA Coordinator and FAE NV, AQ, AP, SHW) having 10 years of experience shares her valuable information in the functional areas and technical assistance during discussions and field work for the projects.
The remaining team members too have the experience of working on various aspects of EIA studies. All have the site experience for collection of the environmental data and have prepared EIA/EMP report.
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