Appraisal Evaluation of Columbia River Mainstem Off-Channel Storage Options Volume I of II

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Appraisal Evaluation of Columbia River Mainstem Off-Channel Storage Options Volume I of II Appraisal Evaluation of Columbia River Mainstem Off-Channel Storage Options Volume I of II U.S. Department of the Interior Washington State Department of Ecology Bureau of Reclamation Pacifi c Northwest Region May 2007 Cover Photos: Left to right: Crab Creek, Sand Hollow, Foster Creek, and Hawk Creek RECLAMATION Managing Water in the West Appraisal Evaluation of Columbia River Mainstem Off-Channel Storage Options Volume I of II U.S. Department of the Interior Washington State Department of Ecology Bureau of Reclamation Pacifi c Northwest Region Prepared by the following contractors under Contract No. 03CA10150B Washington Group International John Petrovsky Associates ESA Adolfson Larry Von Thun, Consulting Engineering Kim de Rubertis, Consulting Geologist May 2007 Printed on 30% recycled content paper Preface The Columbia River Water Management The State of Washington, the U.S. Bureau Program, an ongoing effort by the State of of Reclamation (Reclamation), and the Washington to work with Tribal, federal, three Columbia Basin Project irrigation state, and local governments, and other districts signed a Memorandum of stakeholders, desires to develop a long- Understanding (MOU) in December 2004 term approach to water allocation from the to provide a framework for the parties to mainstem Columbia River. Allocation and work together to support projects designed development of water supplies was to optimize existing water management addressed by the Washington State and to explore options for new storage that Legislature and Governor Gregoire in would provide additional water for priority February 2006, with the addition of uses at key times. Title 90, Section 90.020 to the Revised The primary purpose of the current Code of Washington (RCW). This law Appraisal Evaluation of Columbia River states that “a key priority of water Mainstem Off-Channel Storage Options is resource management in the Columbia to conduct appraisal-level investigations of River Basin is the development of new four sites, as selected by Reclamation in water supplies that includes storage and consultation with Ecology. The overall conservation in order to meet the objective is to assess the relative merits of economic and community development these four sites and to determine if one or needs of people and the instream needs of more of these sites should be fish.” recommended for investigation at a RCW 90.90.020 directs that the feasibility level of detail. Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) shall focus its efforts to develop water supplies for the Columbia River Basin based on the following needs: • Alternatives to ground water for agricultural users in the Odessa subarea aquifer • Sources of water supply for pending water right applications • A new uninterruptible supply of water for the holders of interruptible water rights on the Columbia River mainstem that are subject to instream flows or other mitigation conditions to protect stream flows • New municipal, domestic, industrial, and irrigation water needs within the Columbia River Basin BOI070920004.DOC iii Abbreviations and Acronyms A&E architect and engineering AACE American Association of Cost Engineers AF acre-feet APE area of potential effect Appraisal Appraisal Evaluation of Columbia River Mainstem Off-Channel Evaluation Storage Options bgs below ground surface BPA Bonneville Power Administration CFR Code of Federal Regulations CFRD concrete-faced rockfill dam cfs cubic feet per second CRBG Columbia River Basalt Group DCM&I domestic, commercial, municipal, and industrial DOE Determination of Eligibility DPS distinct population segment Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology ESA Endangered Species Act ESU Evolutionary Significant Unit FCV fixed cone valves FE Federally listed as endangered fps feet per second FSOC Federal Species of Concern FT Federally listed as threatened ft2 square feet GCPUD Grant County Public Utility District gpm gallons per minute hp horsepower ID/IQ indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity k ranges of permeabilities KAF thousand acre-feet km2 square kilometers BOI070920004.DOC v Abbreviations and Acronyms km3 cubic kilometers kV kilovolt MAF million acre-feet Management Columbia River Water Management Program Program MOU memorandum of understanding mm millimeters MVA megavolt amperes MW megawatt NAIP National Agriculture Inventory Program NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NHPA National Historic Preservation Act NPV net present value NRHP National Register of Historic Places PMF probable maximum flood PMP probable maximum precipitation P/T pump/turbine O&M operation and maintenance OS Operational Scenario Reclamation U.S. Bureau of Reclamation RCC roller-compacted concrete RCW Revised Code of Washington RI relative importance ROW right-of-way RR railroad SC State candidate (species of concern) SE State listed as endangered SHPO State Historic Preservation Office SPS State priority species SR State Route SS State sensitive ST State listed as threatened TCP Traditional Cultural Property vi BOI070920004.DOC Abbreviations and Acronyms typ typical UCRSRB Upper Columbia River Salmon Recovery Board USGS U.S. Geological Survey WDFW Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife WDNR Washington Department of Natural Resources WNHP Washington Natural Heritage Program WSDOT Washington State Department of Transportation WSEL water surface elevation BOI070920004.DOC vii Contents Section Page Preface..................................................................................................................................... iii Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................................v Executive Summary.......................................................................................................... ES-1 Purpose and Need for Columbia Basin Storage.......................................................ES-1 Approach for Establishing the Design Components................................................ES-3 How much water is needed, and at what rates of flow?...............................ES-3 Where should the dam and other facilities be placed?.................................ES-5 What might the project look like, and how much would it cost? ................ES-5 Crab Creek .....................................................................................ES-13 Sand Hollow...................................................................................ES-13 Hawk Creek ...................................................................................ES-13 Cost Estimate .................................................................................ES-13 Basis for Comparison: Screening Criteria .............................................................ES-15 Implementation/Technical Feasibility and Objectives/Benefits Achievement .................................................................................ES-15 Impacts...........................................................................................ES-16 Findings and Conclusions......................................................................................ES-20 1 Introduction.............................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Storage Study................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Authorization ................................................................................................. 1-1 1.3 Purpose and Need .......................................................................................... 1-1 1.4 Storage Study Goals....................................................................................... 1-1 1.4.1 Irrigated Agriculture.......................................................................... 1-2 Columbia Basin Project ..................................................................... 1-2 Yakima Project................................................................................... 1-2 Interruptible Irrigators along the Columbia River ............................. 1-2 1.4.2 Instream Flow.................................................................................... 1-3 Columbia River.................................................................................. 1-3 Yakima River..................................................................................... 1-4 1.4.3 Domestic, Commercial, Municipal, and Industrial Supply................ 1-4 1.5 State of Washington Participation ................................................................. 1-4 1.6 Process ........................................................................................................... 1-4 1.7 Alternatives.................................................................................................... 1-4 2 Results of the Pre-Appraisal Evaluation and Introduction to the Appraisal Evaluation................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Alternatives Evaluated................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Screening of 11 Sites to 4 Sites by Ecology and Reclamation ...................... 2-1 2.2.1 Evaluation Criteria............................................................................. 2-1 2.2.2 Evaluation Results............................................................................. 2-2 BOI070920004.DOC ix Contents Section Page 3
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