Linux.Conf.Au 2003 at the University of Western Australia Survivaljanuary 22Nd to 25Th, 2003 Perth,Guidewestern Australia H
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The Kernel Report
The kernel report (ELC 2012 edition) Jonathan Corbet LWN.net [email protected] The Plan Look at a year's worth of kernel work ...with an eye toward the future Starting off 2011 2.6.37 released - January 4, 2011 11,446 changes, 1,276 developers VFS scalability work (inode_lock removal) Block I/O bandwidth controller PPTP support Basic pNFS support Wakeup sources What have we done since then? Since 2.6.37: Five kernel releases have been made 59,000 changes have been merged 3069 developers have contributed to the kernel 416 companies have supported kernel development February As you can see in these posts, Ralink is sending patches for the upstream rt2x00 driver for their new chipsets, and not just dumping a huge, stand-alone tarball driver on the community, as they have done in the past. This shows a huge willingness to learn how to deal with the kernel community, and they should be strongly encouraged and praised for this major change in attitude. – Greg Kroah-Hartman, February 9 Employer contributions 2.6.38-3.2 Volunteers 13.9% Wolfson Micro 1.7% Red Hat 10.9% Samsung 1.6% Intel 7.3% Google 1.6% unknown 6.9% Oracle 1.5% Novell 4.0% Microsoft 1.4% IBM 3.6% AMD 1.3% TI 3.4% Freescale 1.3% Broadcom 3.1% Fujitsu 1.1% consultants 2.2% Atheros 1.1% Nokia 1.8% Wind River 1.0% Also in February Red Hat stops releasing individual kernel patches March 2.6.38 released – March 14, 2011 (9,577 changes from 1198 developers) Per-session group scheduling dcache scalability patch set Transmit packet steering Transparent huge pages Hierarchical block I/O bandwidth controller Somebody needs to get a grip in the ARM community. -
Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7 32 Bit!
Welcome to Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7 32 Bit! What is Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7? Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7 is a full replacement for Microsoft©s Windows and Macintosh©s Mac OS for any Intel based PC. Of course we recommend you check the system requirements first to make sure your computer meets our standards. The 64 bit version of Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7 works faster than the 32 bit version on a 64 bit PC however the 32 bit version has support for Frets On Fire and a few other 32 bit applications that won©t run on 64 bit. We have worked hard to make sure that you can justify using 64 bit without sacrificing too much compatibility. I would say that Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7 64 bit is compatible with 99.9% of all the GNU/Linux applications out there that will work with Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7 32 bit. Ultumix GNU/Linux 0.0.1.7 is based on Ubuntu 8.04 but includes KDE 3.5 as the default interface and has the Mac4Lin Gnome interface for Mac users. What is Different Than Windows and Mac? You see with Microsoft©s Windows OS you have to defragment your computer, use an anti-virus, and run chkdsk or a check disk manually or automatically once every 3 months in order to maintain a normal Microsoft Windows environment. With Macintosh©s Mac OS you don©t have to worry about fragmentation but you do have to worry about some viruses and you still should do a check disk on your system every once in a while or whatever is equivalent to that in Microsoft©s Windows OS. -
Ubuntu Kung Fu
Prepared exclusively for Alison Tyler Download at Boykma.Com What readers are saying about Ubuntu Kung Fu Ubuntu Kung Fu is excellent. The tips are fun and the hope of discov- ering hidden gems makes it a worthwhile task. John Southern Former editor of Linux Magazine I enjoyed Ubuntu Kung Fu and learned some new things. I would rec- ommend this book—nice tips and a lot of fun to be had. Carthik Sharma Creator of the Ubuntu Blog (http://ubuntu.wordpress.com) Wow! There are some great tips here! I have used Ubuntu since April 2005, starting with version 5.04. I found much in this book to inspire me and to teach me, and it answered lingering questions I didn’t know I had. The book is a good resource that I will gladly recommend to both newcomers and veteran users. Matthew Helmke Administrator, Ubuntu Forums Ubuntu Kung Fu is a fantastic compendium of useful, uncommon Ubuntu knowledge. Eric Hewitt Consultant, LiveLogic, LLC Prepared exclusively for Alison Tyler Download at Boykma.Com Ubuntu Kung Fu Tips, Tricks, Hints, and Hacks Keir Thomas The Pragmatic Bookshelf Raleigh, North Carolina Dallas, Texas Prepared exclusively for Alison Tyler Download at Boykma.Com Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their prod- ucts are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital letters or in all capitals. The Pragmatic Starter Kit, The Pragmatic Programmer, Pragmatic Programming, Pragmatic Bookshelf and the linking g device are trademarks of The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC. -
Studying the Real World Today's Topics
Studying the real world Today's topics Free and open source software (FOSS) What is it, who uses it, history Making the most of other people's software Learning from, using, and contributing Learning about your own system Using tools to understand software without source Free and open source software Access to source code Free = freedom to use, modify, copy Some potential benefits Can build for different platforms and needs Development driven by community Different perspectives and ideas More people looking at the code for bugs/security issues Structure Volunteers, sponsored by companies Generally anyone can propose ideas and submit code Different structures in charge of what features/code gets in Free and open source software Tons of FOSS out there Nearly everything on myth Desktop applications (Firefox, Chromium, LibreOffice) Programming tools (compilers, libraries, IDEs) Servers (Apache web server, MySQL) Many companies contribute to FOSS Android core Apple Darwin Microsoft .NET A brief history of FOSS 1960s: Software distributed with hardware Source included, users could fix bugs 1970s: Start of software licensing 1974: Software is copyrightable 1975: First license for UNIX sold 1980s: Popularity of closed-source software Software valued independent of hardware Richard Stallman Started the free software movement (1983) The GNU project GNU = GNU's Not Unix An operating system with unix-like interface GNU General Public License Free software: users have access to source, can modify and redistribute Must share modifications under same -
Version 7.8-Systemd
Linux From Scratch Version 7.8-systemd Created by Gerard Beekmans Edited by Douglas R. Reno Linux From Scratch: Version 7.8-systemd by Created by Gerard Beekmans and Edited by Douglas R. Reno Copyright © 1999-2015 Gerard Beekmans Copyright © 1999-2015, Gerard Beekmans All rights reserved. This book is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Computer instructions may be extracted from the book under the MIT License. Linux® is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Linux From Scratch - Version 7.8-systemd Table of Contents Preface .......................................................................................................................................................................... vii i. Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................. vii ii. Audience ............................................................................................................................................................ vii iii. LFS Target Architectures ................................................................................................................................ viii iv. LFS and Standards ............................................................................................................................................ ix v. Rationale for Packages in the Book .................................................................................................................... x vi. Prerequisites -
The GNOME Desktop Environment
The GNOME desktop environment Miguel de Icaza ([email protected]) Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM Elliot Lee ([email protected]) Federico Mena ([email protected]) Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM Tom Tromey ([email protected]) April 27, 1998 Abstract We present an overview of the free GNU Network Object Model Environment (GNOME). GNOME is a suite of X11 GUI applications that provides joy to users and hackers alike. It has been designed for extensibility and automation by using CORBA and scripting languages throughout the code. GNOME is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL and the GNU LGPL and has been developed on the Internet by a loosely-coupled team of programmers. 1 Motivation Free operating systems1 are excellent at providing server-class services, and so are often the ideal choice for a server machine. However, the lack of a consistent user interface and of consumer-targeted applications has prevented free operating systems from reaching the vast majority of users — the desktop users. As such, the benefits of free software have only been enjoyed by the technically savvy computer user community. Most users are still locked into proprietary solutions for their desktop environments. By using GNOME, free operating systems will have a complete, user-friendly desktop which will provide users with powerful and easy-to-use graphical applications. Many people have suggested that the cause for the lack of free user-oriented appli- cations is that these do not provide enough excitement to hackers, as opposed to system- level programming. Since most of the GNOME code had to be written by hackers, we kept them happy: the magic recipe here is to design GNOME around an adrenaline response by trying to use exciting models and ideas in the applications. -
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard LSB Workgroup, The Linux Foundation Filesystem Hierarchy Standard LSB Workgroup, The Linux Foundation Version 3.0 Publication date March 19, 2015 Copyright © 2015 The Linux Foundation Copyright © 1994-2004 Daniel Quinlan Copyright © 2001-2004 Paul 'Rusty' Russell Copyright © 2003-2004 Christopher Yeoh Abstract This standard consists of a set of requirements and guidelines for file and directory placement under UNIX-like operating systems. The guidelines are intended to support interoperability of applications, system administration tools, development tools, and scripts as well as greater uniformity of documentation for these systems. All trademarks and copyrights are owned by their owners, unless specifically noted otherwise. Use of a term in this document should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this standard provided the copyright and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this standard under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the title page is labeled as modified including a reference to the original standard, provided that information on retrieving the original standard is included, and provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this standard into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by the copyright holder. Dedication This release is dedicated to the memory of Christopher Yeoh, a long-time friend and colleague, and one of the original editors of the FHS. -
Communicating Between the Kernel and User-Space in Linux Using Netlink Sockets
SOFTWARE—PRACTICE AND EXPERIENCE Softw. Pract. Exper. 2010; 00:1–7 Prepared using speauth.cls [Version: 2002/09/23 v2.2] Communicating between the kernel and user-space in Linux using Netlink sockets Pablo Neira Ayuso∗,∗1, Rafael M. Gasca1 and Laurent Lefevre2 1 QUIVIR Research Group, Departament of Computer Languages and Systems, University of Seville, Spain. 2 RESO/LIP team, INRIA, University of Lyon, France. SUMMARY When developing Linux kernel features, it is a good practise to expose the necessary details to user-space to enable extensibility. This allows the development of new features and sophisticated configurations from user-space. Commonly, software developers have to face the task of looking for a good way to communicate between kernel and user-space in Linux. This tutorial introduces you to Netlink sockets, a flexible and extensible messaging system that provides communication between kernel and user-space. In this tutorial, we provide fundamental guidelines for practitioners who wish to develop Netlink-based interfaces. key words: kernel interfaces, netlink, linux 1. INTRODUCTION Portable open-source operating systems like Linux [1] provide a good environment to develop applications for the real-world since they can be used in very different platforms: from very small embedded devices, like smartphones and PDAs, to standalone computers and large scale clusters. Moreover, the availability of the source code also allows its study and modification, this renders Linux useful for both the industry and the academia. The core of Linux, like many modern operating systems, follows a monolithic † design for performance reasons. The main bricks that compose the operating system are implemented ∗Correspondence to: Pablo Neira Ayuso, ETS Ingenieria Informatica, Department of Computer Languages and Systems. -
Linux Kernel and Driver Development Training Slides
Linux Kernel and Driver Development Training Linux Kernel and Driver Development Training © Copyright 2004-2021, Bootlin. Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license. Latest update: October 9, 2021. Document updates and sources: https://bootlin.com/doc/training/linux-kernel Corrections, suggestions, contributions and translations are welcome! embedded Linux and kernel engineering Send them to [email protected] - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 1/470 Rights to copy © Copyright 2004-2021, Bootlin License: Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode You are free: I to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work I to make derivative works I to make commercial use of the work Under the following conditions: I Attribution. You must give the original author credit. I Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. I For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. I Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Document sources: https://github.com/bootlin/training-materials/ - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 2/470 Hyperlinks in the document There are many hyperlinks in the document I Regular hyperlinks: https://kernel.org/ I Kernel documentation links: dev-tools/kasan I Links to kernel source files and directories: drivers/input/ include/linux/fb.h I Links to the declarations, definitions and instances of kernel symbols (functions, types, data, structures): platform_get_irq() GFP_KERNEL struct file_operations - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 3/470 Company at a glance I Engineering company created in 2004, named ”Free Electrons” until Feb. -
Annual Report 2006
Annual Report 2006 Table of contents Foreword Letter from the Chairman, Dave Neary 4–5 A year in review 2006—a year in GNOME 8–10 Distributions in 2006 11 Events and community initiatives GUADEC—The GNOME Conference 12–13 GNOME hackers descend on MIT Media Center 14–15 GNOME User Groups 16 The www.gnome.org revamp 17 GNOME platform 17 GNOME Foundation Administrator 17 Foundation development The Women’s Summer Outreach Program 18–20 The GNOME Mobile and Embedded Initiative 21 The GNOME Advisory Board 22–23 PHOTO The GNOME Foundation Board and Advisory Board members by David Zeuthen (continued on the inside back cover) GNOME Foundation 3 Dear Friends, All traditions need a starting point, they say. What you now hold in your hands is the first annual report of the GNOME Foundation, at the end of what has been an eventful year for us. Each year brings its challenges and rewards for the members of this global project. This year, many of our biggest challenges are in the legal arena. European countries have been passing laws to conform with the European Union Copyright Directive, and some, including France, have brought into law provisions which we as software developers find it hard to understand, but which appear to make much of what we do illegal. We have found our- selves in the center of patent wars as bigger companies jockey for position with offerings based on our hard work. And we are scratching our heads trying to figure out how to deal with the constraints of DRM and patents in multimedia, while still offering our users access to their media files. -
Fedora Core Works--Without the Fluff That Bogs Down Other Books and Help/How-To Web Sites
Fedora Linux By Chris Tyler ............................................... Publisher: O'Reilly Pub Date: October 01, 2006 ISBN-10: 0-596-52682-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-596-52682-5 Pages: 504 Table of Contents | Index "Neither a "Starting Linux" book nor a dry reference manual, this book has a lot to offer to those coming to Fedora from other operating systems or distros." -- Behdad Esfahbod, Fedora developer This book will get you up to speed quickly on Fedora Linux, a securely-designed Linux distribution that includes a massive selection of free software packages. Fedora is hardened out-of-the-box, it's easy to install, and extensively customizable - and this book shows you how to make Fedora work for you. Fedora Linux: A Complete Guide to Red Hat's Community Distribution will take you deep into essential Fedora tasks and activities by presenting them in easy-to-learn modules. From installation and configuration through advanced topics such as administration, security, and virtualization, this book captures the important details of how Fedora Core works--without the fluff that bogs down other books and help/how-to web sites. Instead, you can learn from a concise task-based approach to using Fedora as both a desktop and server operating system. In this book, you'll learn how to: Install Fedora and perform basic administrative tasks Configure the KDE and GNOME desktops Get power management working on your notebook computer and hop on a wired or wireless network Find, install, and update any of the thousands of packages available for Fedora Perform backups, increase reliability with RAID, and manage your disks with logical volumes Set up a server with file sharing, DNS, DHCP, email, a Web server, and more Work with Fedora's security features including SELinux, PAM, and Access Control Lists (ACLs) Whether you are running the stable version of Fedora Core or bleeding-edge Rawhide releases, this book has something for every level of user. -
FOSDEM 2006 – Saturday 25Th February (Part 1) 1/6
FOSDEM 2006 – Saturday 25th February (part 1) 1/6 10:00 OpenGroupware ▼ Opening Talks Tutorials KDE openSUSE Embedded Mozilla Tcl/Tk 13:00 (Janson) (H2215/Ferrer) (H.1301) (H.1302) (H.1308) (H.1309) +GNUstep (H.2111) (AW1.105) 13:00 lunch break 13:00 Movitation, 13:00 Opening and GNUstep devtools: Goals and 13:15 13:15 introduction GORM, StepTalk Opportunities Axel Hecht Nicolas Roard Systems VoIP 13:30 DTrace S. Krause-Harder, SETR LiveCD 13:30 M. Loeffler (Janson) (Lameere) 13:45 Jon Haslam Hector Oron 13:45 Mozilla 14:00 14:00 Kubuntu openSUSE Build 14:00 Foundation CoreData Intro to Plan9 SER Service Intro 14:15 14:15 Jonathan 14:15 G. Markham Sašo Kiselkov Tcl/Tk Uriel M. Jan Janak A. Schroeter, 14:30 Pereira 14:30 Ridell C. Schumacher, Optimizing 14:30 Mozilla Clif Flynt A. Bauer 14:45 14:45 Linux kernel 14:45 Europe 15:00 15:00 Open SUSE Linux and apps 15:00 Tristan Nitot Web applicationsGUI for DTrace Asterisk M.Opdenacker 15:15 Jon Haslam Mark 15:15 Key Devroom Power Mngmt 15:15 SeaMonkey with SOPE ASIC 15:30 Spencer 15:30 Signing Timo Hoenig, Lock-free data 15:30 Project Marcus Mueller verification 15:45 15:45 Holger Macht exchange for 15:45 Robert Kaiser Karel Nijs Real-Time apps 16:00 16:00 SUSE Linux 16:00 Xen Speex Asterisk Marketing Peter Soetens Flock GNUstep on the Hecl: 10.2: 16:15 Ian Pratt J.-M. Valin 16:15 Mark KDE 16:15 Z. Braniecki Zaurus PDA scripting Quo vadis ? 16:30 16:30 Spencer Sebastian Alsa SoC layer16:30 Nicolaus Schaller for mobiles Kügler M.Loeffler,C.Thiel D.N.Welton 16:45 16:45 Liam Girdwood 16:45 Mozilla 17:00 Closing Talks (Janson) 17:00 17:00 Project BOF 17:15 17:15 17:15 FOSDEM Donators Return 17:30 17:30 17:45 17:45 17:30 FSF Europe Opening Talks (Janson) Hacker Rooms LPI Exam Sessions 10:00 FOSDEM Core Staff Welcome Speech Building H: H2213 Saturday 13:00-14:30 10:30 Keynote Building AW: AW1.117 (H2214) 15:00-16:30 Richard M.