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A Lm Ia Ceramic Kiln in South-Central Crete Function and Pottery Production

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A Lm Ia Ceramic Kiln in South-Central Crete Function and Pottery Production THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS PUBLICATIONS OFFICE 6-8 CHARLTON STREET, PRINCETON, NJ 08540-5232 TELEPHONE: 609-683-0800 FAX: 609-924-0578 A LMIA Ceramic Kiln in South-Central Crete: Function and Pottery Production by Joseph W. Shaw, Aleydis Van de Moortel, Peter M. Day, and Vassilis Kilikoglou ©American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2001 ISBN 0-87661-530-2 Pb $35.00 This material is not intended for distribution, but for personal use only. Anyone wanting to use the material for coursework or any other purpose must obtain copyright permission from the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Please note that this is a low-resolution reproduction with printing disabled. For better resolution and usability, you are encouraged to purchase the print edition. This can be obtained from good bookshops, or directly from our distributor, Oxbow Books / The David Brown Book Company. The URL for purchase is: http://www.oxbowbooks.com/bookinfo.cfm/ID/26220 Further information about the American School of Classical Studies at Athens can be obtained from our website: http://www.ascsa.edu.gr Hesperia Supplement 30 a lm ia ceramic kiln in south-central crete function and pottery production Joseph W. Shaw, Aleydis Van de Moortel, Peter M. Day, and Vassilis Kilikoglou American School of Classical Studies at Athens 2001 A LM IA CERAMIC KILN IN SOUTH-CENTRAL CRETE Hesperia Supplements 1* S. Dow, Prytaneis: A Study of the Inscriptions Honoring the Athenian Councillors (1937) 2* R. S. Young, Late Geometric Graves and a Seventh-Century Well in the Agora (1939) 3* G. P. Stevens, The Setting of the Periclean Parthenon (1940) 4* H. A. Thompson, The Tholos of Athens and Its Predecessors (1940) 5* W. B. Dinsmoor, Observations on the Hephaisteion (1941) 6* J. H. Oliver, The Sacred Gerusia (1941) 7* G. R. Davidson and Dorothy Burr Thompson, Small Objects from the Pnyx: I (1943) 8* Commemorative Studies in Honor of Theodore Leslie Shear (1949) 9* J. V. A. Fine, Horoi: Studies in Mortgage, Real Security, and Land Tenure in Ancient Athens (1951) 10* L. Talcott, B. Philippaki, G. R. Edwards, and V. R. Grace, Small Objects from the Pnyx: II (1956) 11* J. R. McCredie, Fortified Military Camps in Attica (1966) 12* D. J. Geagan, The Athenian Constitution after Sulla (1967) 13 J. H. Oliver, Marcus Aurelius: Aspects of Civic and Cultural Policy in the East (1970) 14 J. S. Traill, The Political Organization of Attica (1975) 15 S. V. Tracy, The Lettering of an Athenian Mason (1975) 16 M. K. Langdon, A Sanctuary of Zeus on Mount Hymettos (1976) 17 T. L. Shear Jr., Kallias of Sphettos and the Revolt of Athens in 268 B.C. (1978) 18* L. V. Watrous, Lasithi: A History of Settlement on a Highland Plain in Crete (1982) 19 Studies in Attic Epigraphy, History, and Topography Presented to Eugene Vanderpool (1982) 20 Studies in Athenian Architecture, Sculpture, and Topography Presented to Homer A. Thompson (1982) 21 J. Coleman, Excavations at Pylos in Elis (1986) 22 E. J. Walters, Attic Grave Reliefs That Represent Women in the Dress of Isis (1988) 23 C. Grandjouan, Hellenistic Relief Molds from the Athenian Agora (1989) 24 J. S. Soles, The Prepalatial Cemeteries at Mochlos and Gournia and the House Tombs of Bronze Age Crete (1992) 25 Susan I. Rotroff and John H. Oakley, Debris from a Public Dining Place in the Athenian Agora (1992) 26 I. S. Mark, The Sanctuary of Athena Nike in Athens: Architectural Stages and Chro- nology (1993) 27 Proceedings of the International Conference on Greek Architectural Terracottas of the Classical and Hellenistic Periods, December 12–15, 1991, edited by N. A. Winter (1994) 28 D. A. Amyx and P. Lawrence, Studies in Archaic Corinthian Vase Painting (1996) 29 R. S. Stroud, The Athenian Grain-Tax Law of 374/3 B.C. (1998) * Out of print Hesperia Supplement 30 A LM IA CERAMIC KILN IN SOUTH-CENTRAL CRETE Function and Pottery Production Joseph W. Shaw Aleydis Van de Moortel Peter M. Day and Va ssilis Kilikoglou with a contribution by Louise Joyner The American School of Classical Studies at Athens 2001 Copyright © 2001 The American School of Classical Studies at Athens All rights reserved. Out-of-print Hesperia supplements may be purchased from Swets & Zeitlinger Backsets Department P. O. Box 810 2160 SZ Lisse The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A LM IA ceramic kiln in south-central Crete : function and pottery production / Joseph W. Shaw . [et al.] p. c. — (Hesperia. Supplement ; 30) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-87661-530-2 (alk. paper) 1. Crete (Greece)—Antiquities. 2. Excavations (Archaeology)—Greece—Crete. 3. Minoans—Greece—Crete. 4. Pottery, Minoan—Greece—Crete. I. Shaw, Jo- seph W. II. Hesperia (Princeton, N.J.). Supplement ; 30. DF221.C8 L59 2001 939Ä.18—dc21 00-050416 CONTENTS List of Illustrations vii List of Tables x Introduction 1 Chapter 1 The Excavation and the Structure of the Kiln by Joseph W. Shaw 5 Chapter 2 The Area around the Kiln, and the Pottery from the Kiln and the Kiln Dump by Aleydis Van de Moortel 25 Chapter 3 Analysis of Ceramics from the Kiln by Peter M. Day and Vassilis Kilikoglou 111 Conclusion by Joseph W. Shaw, Aleydis Van de Moortel, Peter M. Day, and Vassilis Kilikoglou 135 Appendix I The Kommos LM IA Kiln: Petrographic Fabric Descriptions by Louise Joyner and Peter M. Day 139 References 157 Index 165 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Plan of Southern Area of Kommos site 6 Figure 2. South Stoa area with kiln 7 Figure 3. Kommos, South Stoa of Ashlar Building T 8 Figure 4. Kiln partially excavated 9 Figure 5. Later LM III oven 9 Figure 6. Kiln plan showing sections 10 Figure 7. Kiln sections 11 Figure 8. Archaeological sections of kiln and dump 13–14 Figure 9. Kiln from west 15 Figure 10. Kiln from northwest 16 Figure 11. Kiln from south 16 Figure 12. Kiln from east 16 Figure 13. Excavation of channel 3, west end, with clay and rubble filling 17 Figure 14. Excavation of channel 3, rough stone filling after first pass 17 Figure 15. Excavation of channel 3, pottery and rubble in channel after second pass 17 Figure 16. Excavation of channel 3, west end after second pass 17 Figure 17. Excavation of channel 3, west end after third pass 17 Figure 18. Two sides of clay/rubble mass from channel 2 18 Figure 19. Archaeological section F–F of channel 3 18 Figure 20. Stone rubble found in channel 3 19 Figure 21. Pottery in channel 2 19 viii Figure 22. Restored plan (a) and reconstruction (b) of kiln at Aghia Triada 21 Figure 23. LM III pottery kiln at Stylos 22 Figure 24. Restored view of kiln from northwest 23 Figure 25. Vases thought to have broken during firing 26 Figure 26. Kiln dump, soil strata before excavation 31 Figure 27. Kiln dump, bottom elevations reached 31 Figure 28. Kiln dump, lower dark brown soil stratum 33 Figure 29. Cylindrical hole found about 4 m west of kiln 35 Figure 30. Kiln dump, red soil stratum 37 Figure 31. Kiln dump, light brown soil stratum 39 Figure 32. Cups from the kiln and dump 48 Figure 33. Bowls from the kiln and dump 53 Figure 34. Bridge-spouted jars from the kiln and dump 55 Figure 35. Collar-necked jugs from the kiln and dump 57 Figure 36. Ewers (46–49) and rhyta (50–51) from the dump 59 Figure 37. Large shapes from the kiln and dump (52–58); coarse slab fragment (61)61 Figure 38. Fine pedestal base (59) and coarse slab fragment (60) from the dump; lustrous dark-on-light patterned fragmentary vases from kiln mound (62) and dump (63– 69); waster (C 10279) 63 Figure 39. Estimated vase shape frequencies in the kiln and dump 67 Figure 40. Estimated frequencies of conical cup types in the kiln and dump 67 Figure 41. Pedestal base C 8947 (59) with stretch marks on its interior 74 Figure 42. Wasters of collar-necked jugs (C 10602, C 10611), ewer (C 10300), oval-mouthed amphoras (C 10018, C 10138, C 10279), pithos (C 10283) 77 Figure 43. Slabs C 10073 and C 8935 (60)86 Figure 44. Modern bat supporting unfired basin in workshop at Thrapsano 87 Figure 45. Frequencies of dark paint colors 97 Figure 46. Decorative schemes on cups and pouring vessels from the kiln and dump 97 ix Figure 47. Photomicrograph of 95/10 to illustrate group 1a, XP 116 Figure 48. Photomicrograph of 95/22 to illustrate group 1b, XP 116 Figure 49. Photomicrograph of 95/29 to illustrate group 2a, XP 116 Figure 50. Photomicrograph of 95/52 to illustrate group 2a, XP 116 Figure 51. Photomicrograph of 95/46 to illustrate group 2b, XP 116 Figure 52. Photomicrograph of 95/19 to illustrate group 3, XP 117 Figure 53. Photomicrograph of 95/39 to illustrate group 3, XP 117 Figure 54. Photomicrograph of 95/1 to illustrate group 4, XP 117 Figure 55. Photomicrograph of 95/54 to illustrate group 5, XP 117 Figure 56. Photomicrograph of 95/56 to illustrate group 6, XP 117 Figure 57. SEM photomicrograph of paint layer of a painted conical cup (95/15) 120 Figure 58. SEM photomicrograph of an unpainted conical cup (95/14) 123 Figure 59. SEM photomicrograph of a monochrome conical cup (95/11) 123 Figure 60. SEM photomicrograph of a ewer (95/41) 123 Figure 61. SEM photomicrograph of an unpainted kalathos (95/26) 123 Figure 62.
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