DOCSLIB.ORG

Scientific Opinion Addressing the State of The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Scientific Opinion Addressing the State of The Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 24 May 2017 Version of attached le: Published Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Ockleford, Colin and Adriaanse, Paulien and Berny, Philippe and Brock, Theodorus and Duquesne, Sabine and Grilli, Sandro and HernandezJerez, Antonio F. and Bennekou, Susanne Hougaard and Klein, Michael and Kuhl, Thomas and Laskowski, Ryszard and Machera, Kyriaki and Pelkonen, Olavi and Pieper, Silvia and Stemmer, Michael and Sundh, Ingvar and Teodorovic, Ivana and Tiktak, Aaldrik and Topping, Chris J. and Wolterink, Gerrit and Craig, Peter and de Jong, Frank and Manachini, Barbara and Sousa, Paulo and Swarowsky, Klaus and Auteri, Domenica and Arena, Maria and Rob, Smith (2017) 'Scientic Opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of plant protection products for in-soil organisms.', EFSA journal., 15 (2). e04690. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4690 Publisher's copyright statement: c 2017 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and no modications or adaptations are made. Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk SCIENTIFIC OPINION ADOPTED: 15 December 2016 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4690 Scientific Opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of plant protection products for in-soil organisms EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR), Colin Ockleford, Paulien Adriaanse, Philippe Berny, Theodorus Brock, Sabine Duquesne, Sandro Grilli, Antonio F Hernandez-Jerez, Susanne Hougaard Bennekou, Michael Klein, Thomas Kuhl, Ryszard Laskowski, Kyriaki Machera, Olavi Pelkonen, Silvia Pieper, Michael Stemmer, Ingvar Sundh, Ivana Teodorovic, Aaldrik Tiktak, Chris J. Topping, Gerrit Wolterink, Peter Craig, Frank de Jong, Barbara Manachini, Paulo Sousa, Klaus Swarowsky, Domenica Auteri, Maria Arena and Smith Rob Abstract Following a request from EFSA, the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues developed an opinion on the science behind the risk assessment of plant protection products for in-soil organisms. The current risk assessment scheme is reviewed, taking into account new regulatory frameworks and scientific developments. Proposals are made for specific protection goals for in-soil organisms being key drivers for relevant ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes such as nutrient cycling, soil structure, pest control and biodiversity. Considering the time-scales and biological processes related to the dispersal of the majority of in-soil organisms compared to terrestrial non-target arthropods living above soil, the Panel proposes that in-soil environmental risk assessments are made at in- and off-field scale considering field boundary levels. A new testing strategy which takes into account the relevant exposure routes for in-soil organisms and the potential direct and indirect effects is proposed. In order to address species recovery and long-term impacts of PPPs, the use of population models is also proposed. © 2017 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority. Keywords: in-soil invertebrates, microorganisms, effects, pesticides, protection goals, risk assessment Requestor: EFSA Question number: EFSA-Q-2011-00978 Correspondence: [email protected] www.efsa.europa.eu/efsajournal EFSA Journal 2017;15(2):4690 RA for in-soil organisms Panel members: Paulien Adriaanse, Philippe Berny, Theodorus Brock, Sabine Duquesne, Sandro Grilli, Antonio F. Hernandez-Jerez, Susanne Hougaard, Michael Klein, Thomas Kuhl, Ryszard Laskowski, Kyriaki Machera, Colin Ockleford, Olavi Pelkonen, Silvia Pieper, Rob Smith, Michael Stemmer, Ingvar Sundh, Ivana Teodorovic, Aaldrik Tiktak, Chris J. Topping, Gerrit Wolterink. Acknowledgements: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Working Group on Non-target arthropod and In-Soil risk assessment: Peter Craig, Frank de Jong, Michael Klein, Ryszard Laskowski, Ton van der Linden (until July 2015), Barbara Manachini, Silvia Pieper, Robert Smith, Paulo Sousa, Ingvar Sundh, Klaus Swarowsky, Aaldrik Tiktak and Christopher J. Topping for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion, and EFSA staff Maria Arena and Domenica Auteri for the support provided to this scientific opinion. Suggested citation: EFSA PPR Panel (EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues), Ockleford C, Adriaanse P, Berny P, Brock T, Duquesne S, Grilli S, Hernandez-Jerez AF, Bennekou SH, Klein M, Kuhl T, Laskowski R, Machera K, Pelkonen O, Pieper S, Stemmer M, Sundh I, Teodorovic I, Tiktak A, Topping CJ, Wolterink G, Craig P, de Jong F, Manachini B, Sousa P, Swarowsky K, Auteri D, Arena M and Rob S, 2017. Scientific Opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of plant protection products for in-soil organisms. EFSA Journal 2017;15(2):4690, 225 pp. doi:10.2903/j. efsa.2017.4690 ISSN: 1831-4732 © 2017 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and no modifications or adaptations are made. Reproduction of the following images is prohibited and permission must be sought directly from the individual copyright holders: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 16, 17, 18 and 19. The EFSA Journal is a publication of the European Food Safety Authority, an agency of the European Union. www.efsa.europa.eu/efsajournal 2 EFSA Journal 2017;15(2):4690 RA for in-soil organisms Summary The new regulatory framework for plant protection products (PPPs) laid out in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 283/2013 and 284/2013 explicitly requires consideration of impacts on non-target species, on their ongoing behaviour and on biodiversity and the ecosystem, including potential indirect effects via alteration of the food web. In view of this new legislative background and the new scientific developments, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR) to develop and update the guidance documents on terrestrial ecotoxicology (SANCO/10329/2002) under mandate M-2009-0002. The assessment of effects on biodiversity is not explicitly addressed under the existing guidance documents; appropriate risk assessment methodology therefore needs to be developed. This scientific opinion has been written as a precursor to the guidance document on the risk assessment for in-soil organisms. Other terrestrial organisms as previously covered in the SANCO Guidance 10329/2002, such as birds and mammals, non-target arthropods, bees and non-target terrestrial plants are covered in other EFSA scientific documents (EFSA, 2009a, 2013; EFSA PPR Panel, 2014a, 2015a). In-soil organisms are species that dwell primarily in the soil and soil litter. In-soil organisms are exposed to plant protection products (PPPs) from contact and oral uptake routes of exposure in the surrounding soil compartment. A ‘healthy’ soil supports a range of ecosystem functions or services (such as nutrient cycling) that are essential for supporting the growth of crops as well as the organisms that depend on those crops. The working group of the PPR Panel reviewed the current environmental risk assessment, identified key drivers that sustain important in-soil ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes and developed proposals for specific protection goal (SPG) options for in-field and off-field areas. The SPG options will then be discussed and agreed in consultation with Risk Managers. The working group developed proposals for testing of effects as well as suggestions to calibrate the lower tier risk assessment steps. The in-soil communities of invertebrates and microorganisms are the most diverse part inhabiting agricultural landscapes. Yet, the current risk assessment, at the first tier, examines a selection of invertebrate model species (e.g. Eisenia fetida/andrei, Folsomia candida/fimetaria, Hypoaspis aculeifer) and one microorganism-mediated process (N transformation). The currently requested tests were reviewed in relation to the proposed SPG options and the available data and the representativeness of the current standard species was discussed. The Panel suggests that the current test battery with the use of an appropriate (calibrated) assessment factor might cover the intra- and interspecies variability
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The First Record of Polydesmus Inconstans Latzel, 1884 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Polydesmidae) in the Asian Part of Russia
    Arthropoda Selecta 25(1): 19–21 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2016 The first record of Polydesmus inconstans Latzel, 1884 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Polydesmidae) in the Asian part of Russia Ïåðâàÿ íàõîäêà Polydesmus inconstans Latzel, 1884 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Polydesmidae) â àçèàòñêîé ÷àñòè Ðîññèè Pavel S. Nefediev1, Pavel Kocourek2, Julia S. Nefedieva3 Ï.Ñ. Íåôåäüåâ1, Ï. Êîöîóðåê2, Þ.Ñ. Íåôåäüåâà3 1 Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, Barnaul 656049 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Chyňava 27, Chyňava 267 07 Czech Republic. 3 Barnaul Branch of OJSC “GIPRODORNII”, Papanintsev Str., 105, Barnaul 656000 Russia. 1 Алтайский государственный университет, просп. Ленина, 61, Барнаул 656049 Россия. 3 Барнаульское отделение «ГИПРОДОРНИИ», ул. Папанинцев, 105, Барнаул 656000 Россия. KEY WORDS: Polydesmus, inconstans, anthropochore, faunistics, introduction, Siberia. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Polydesmus, inconstans, антропохор, фаунистика, интродуцент, Сибирь. ABSTRACT. Based on the latest review of the very recently from hothouses of the South Siberian anthropochore millipede fauna of Asian Russia, 9 spe- Botanical Garden and from open hand-made grounds cies from 7 genera, 5 families and two orders of in the environs of the city of Barnaul, Altai Province, Diplopoda are known to occur there as anthropochore southwestern Siberia [Nefediev et al., 2014]. There- introductions [Nefediev et al., 2014]. The present record fore, before the beginning of the present study two of the polydesmid millipede, Polydesmus inconstans anthropochore millipede species of the family Poly- Latzel, 1884, which is new to the millipede fauna of the desmidae had been recorded in Asian Russia, both Asian part of Russia, increases the number of invasive found in habitats associated with human activity. Dur- diplopod species in the territory to ten.
    [Show full text]
  • The Belgian Millipede Fauna (Diplopoda)
    I I BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE ENTOMOLOGIE, 74: 35-68, 200ll BULLETIN VAN HET KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN ENTOMOLOGIE, 74: 35-68, 2004 The Belgian Millipede Fauna (Diplopoda) by R. Desmond KIME Summary (BIERNAUX, 1972) and the first Belgian millipede atlas concerning these two groups (BIERNAUX, 1971). Between The work done in the past on Belgian millipedes is briefly reviewed 1977 and 1980 MARQUET made a huge collection of soil and previous publications on the subject are cited. A check-list of Belgian Diplopoda is given. Biogeographical districts of Belgium are invertebrates taken from all regions of the country for the indicated and the distribution of millipedes within these is noted. Each Belgian Royal Institute ofNatural Science, the millipedes spedes is reviewed; its distribution in Belgium is related to its of which I identified and catalogued at the request of European geographical range and to knowledge of its ecology. Maps of distribution within Belgium are presented. There is discussion of the Dr Leon BAERT. My own collecting in Belgium began in origins, evolution and community composition of the Belgian milli­ 1974 and has continued to the present day. Detailed pede fauna. ecological studies were carried out from 1977 onwards, based in the laboratory of Professor Key words: Diplopoda, Belgium, check-list, biogeography, ecology, Philippe LEBRUN at faunal origins. Louvain-la-Neuve, some of these with colleagues at Gembloux, and at the Belgian Royal Institute of Natural Science. These studies gave rise to a number of publica­ tions adding to the knowledge of the Belgian fauna (KIME Introduction & WAUTHY, 1984; BRANQUART, 1991; KIME, 1992; KIME et al., 1992; BRANQUART et al., 1995, KIME, 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Myriapods in Forest Mosaic
    Distribution of Myriapods in Forest Mosaic Mgr. Marea Grinvald A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Nature Protection Supervisor: RNDr. et Mgr. Ivan H. Tuf, Ph.D. Olomouc, 2011 © Mgr. Marea Grinvald, 2011 Proclamation I, Marea Grinvald hereby proclaim that I wrote this thesis by myself, under the supervision of Dr. Ivan H. Tuf and using only cited literature. May 5th, 2011 in Olomouc _______________________ Acknowledgement Foremost, I would like to express deepest gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Ivan H. Tuf for his patience, valuable advices and guidance, which made this work possible. I would also like to thank Dr. Jana Tufová for determination of millipedes and Mgr. Jana Mišurcová for samples collection and methodology guidelines. Beside them, a special thanks also goes to my family, Banane, Bobo, Mišoko and Jana who supported me all the way through, and survived, with a smile on their face. Abstract This study is focused on distribution of myriapods (centipedes and millipedes) in fragmented forest environment. We studied their distribution in relation to specific environmental factors in different forest growths and ecotones in between them. The research was conducted in Protected Landscape Area Litovelské Pomoraví from March 2004 until February 2006. Samples were taken using pitfall traps, passing through 87 years old growth Querco-Ulmetum, 10 years old Quercus monoculture, 2 years old clear-cut with seedlings, 127 years old Querco-Ulmetum floodplain forest and ecotones between them. Measured environmental factors were: percentual presence of herbs, shrubs and shade by tree canopies; percentual presence of litter coverage and litter thickness; the age of the growth in which traps were placed.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) Along a Forest Interior – Forest Edge – Grassland Habitat Complex
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 510: 181–195Distribution (2015) of millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) along a forest interior.. 181 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.510.8657 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Distribution of millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) along a forest interior – forest edge – grassland habitat complex Dávid Bogyó1,2, Tibor Magura1, Dávid D. Nagy3, Béla Tóthmérész3 1 Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 71, Debrecen H-4010, Hungary 2 Hortobágy National Park Directorate, P.O. Box 216, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary 3 MTA-DE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, P.O. Box 71, Debrecen H-4010, Hungary Corresponding author: Dávid Bogyó ([email protected]) Academic editor: Ivan H. Tuf | Received 27 September 2014 | Accepted 4 May 2015 | Published 30 June 2015 http://zoobank.org/47B52B34-E4BB-4F13-B5BE-162C2CD2AE7B Citation: Bogyó D, Magura T, Nagy DD, Tóthmérész B (2015) Distribution of millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) along a forest interior – forest edge – grassland habitat complex. In: Tuf IH, Tajovský K (Eds) Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Myriapodology, Olomouc, Czech Republic. ZooKeys 510: 181–195. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.510.8657 Abstract We studied the distribution of millipedes in a forest interior-forest edge-grassland habitat complex in the Hajdúság Landscape Protection Area (NE Hungary). The habitat types were as follows: (1) lowland oak forest, (2) forest edge with increased ground vegetation and shrub cover, and (3) mesophilous grassland. We collected millipedes by litter and soil sifting. There were overall 30 sifted litter and soil samples: 3 habitat types × 2 replicates × 5 soil and litter samples per habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Myriapoda: Diplopoda) of the Republic of North Macedonia
    Arthropoda Selecta 28(2): 191205 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2019 Checklist of the millipedes (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) of the Republic of North Macedonia Êîíòðîëüíûé ñïèñîê äèïëîïîä (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) Ðåñïóáëèêè Ñåâåðíàÿ Ìàêåäîíèÿ Zvezdana S. Jovanoviæ1*, Aleksandra Cvetkovska-Gjorgjievska2, Dana Preliæ2, Dragan . Antiæ1,3, Slobodan E. Makarov1,3 Çâåçäàíà Ñ. £îâàíîâè1*, Àëåêñàíäðà Öâåòêîâñêà-îðèåâñêà2, Äàíà Ïðåëè2, Äðàãàí Æ. Àíòè1,3, Ñëîáîäàí Å. Ìàêàðîâ1,3 1 Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; E-mail: [email protected] 2 Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Saints Cyril and Methodius University, Arhimedova 3, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia 3 Serbian Biospeleological Society, Trg Dositeja Obradoviæa 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia KEY WORDS: Diplopoda, diversity, fauna, North Macedonia, Balkan Peninsula. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Diplopoda, ðàçíîîáðàçèå, ôàóíà, Ñåâåðíàÿ Ìàêåäîíèÿ, Áàëêàíñêèé ïîëóîñòðîâ. ABSTRACT. The millipede fauna of the Republic Introduction of North Macedonia presently includes 67 species from 33 genera, 15 families and seven orders. As many as 12 The Republic of North Macedonia occupies the and 19 species, or ca. 18% and 28% of all records, are central part of the Balkan Peninsula. It has varied relief endemic to North Macedonia and the Balkan Peninsu- structure and age, geology and soil types, a situation la, respectively. The most speciose families are Jul- resulting from its complex geotectonic evolution, which idae, with 29 species, or 43%, followed by Polydesmi- shaped the republic´s present-day rich biodiversity. The dae with 16 species, or 24%. Hirudisoma hirsutum mountains of the older Rhodopian tectonic mass (Mts (Verhoeff, 1901) and Brachydesmus cristofer Strasser, Belasica and Osogovo) and those of the younger Di- 1966 are new to the millipede fauna of North Mace- naric tectonic mass (ar Planina Mountains and Mts donia.
    [Show full text]
  • Millipedes of Ohio Field Guide [Pdf]
    MILLIPEDES OF OHIO field guide OHIO DIVISION OF WILDLIFE This booklet is produced by the Ohio Division of Wildlife as a free publication. This booklet is not for resale. Any unauthorized repro- duction is prohibited. All images within this booklet are copyrighted by the Ohio Division of Wildlife and its contributing artists and INTRODUCTION photographers. For additional information, please call 1-800-WILDLIFE (1-800-945-3543). Text by: Dr. Derek Hennen & Jeff Brown Millipedes occupy a category of often seen, rarely identified bugs. Few resources geared towards a general audience exist HOW TO VIEW THIS BOOKLET for these arthropods, belying their beauty and fascinating biol- Description & Overview ogy. There is still much unknown about millipedes and other Order Name myriapods, particularly concerning specific ecological informa- Family Name tion and detailed species ranges. New species await discovery Common Name and description, even here in North America. This situation Scientific Name makes species identification difficult for anyone lucky enough Range Map to stumble upon one of these animals: a problem this booklet indicates distribution and counties intends to solve. Here we include information on millipede life were specimen was collected Size history, identification, and collecting tips for all ~50 species denotes the range of length of Ohio’s millipedes. Millipede species identification often common for the species depends on examining the male genitalia, but to make this Secondary Photo (when applicable) booklet accessible as a
    [Show full text]
  • Polydesmida, Diplopoda)
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 156: 1–24 (2011)On some surface structures of potential taxonomic importance... 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.156.2134 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research On some surface structures of potential taxonomic importance in families of the suborders Polydesmidea and Dalodesmidea (Polydesmida, Diplopoda) Nesrine Akkari, Henrik Enghoff Natural History Museum of Denmark (Zoological Museum), University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 København Ø – Denmark Corresponding author: Nesrine Akkari ([email protected]) Academic editor: R. Mesibov | Received 26 September 2011 | Accepted 5 December 2011 | Published 20 December 2011 Citation: Akkari N, Enghoff H (2011) On some surface structures of potential taxonomic importance in families of the suborders Polydesmidea and Dalodesmidea (Polydesmida, Diplopoda). In: Mesibov R, Short M (Eds) Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Myriapodology, 18–22 July 2011, Brisbane, Australia. ZooKeys 156: 1–24. doi: 10.3897/ zookeys.156.2134 Abstract Surface structures have rarely been the subject of a comprehensive study in Polydesmida despite their tremendous variety within this order. A number of these peripheral structures are here studied in most families of the suborders Polydesmidea and Dalodesmidea (sensu Hoffman 1980), using scanning elec- tron microscopy. An illustrated description of the surface sculpture of the prozonite, the limbus and the intercalary cuticular micro-scutes on the metazonite is given
    [Show full text]
  • A New Cave Diplopod of the Genus Brachydesmus Heller, 1858 from Southwest Serbia (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Polydesmidae)
    Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade, 65 (2), 745-750, 2013 DOI:10.2298/ABS1302745A A NEW CAVE DIPLOPOD OF THE GENUS BRACHYDESMUS HELLER, 1858 FROM SOUTHWEST SERBIA (DIPLOPODA: POLYDESMIDA: POLYDESMIDAE) D. Ž. ANTIĆ1, B. P. M. ĆURČIĆ1, B. M. MITIĆ1, V. T. TOMIĆ1, L. R. LUČIĆ1, B. D. DUDIĆ1, D. Z. STOJANOVIĆ2 and S. E. MAKAROV1 1 Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia Abstract – A new cave polydesmid, Brachydesmus sjenicae n. sp. is described from Ledena Pećina Cave, in southwest Ser- bia. The new taxon belongs to the vermosanus-group of species. Relationships with congeners are briefly discussed. The distribution map and key is given for all currently known taxa belonging to this group of species. Key words: Diplopoda, Brachydesmus, B. sjenicae, new species, Serbia. INTRODUCTION The type specimens (holotype male, allotype fe- male, paratype female and two paratype juveniles) One of the largest taxons within the family Polydesmi- are deposited in the collection of the Institute of dae is the genus Brachydesmus Heller, 1858. This genus Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade includes 13 subgenera with numerous species or sub- (Belgrade, Serbia). species (Attems, 1940; Hoffman, 1980; Mršić, 1988), and has high diversity in epigeic, endogeic and cave RESULTS habitats on the Balkan Peninsula. However, according to Enghoff and Kime (2011) all subgenera are syno- TAXONOMY nymized under the nominal genus Brachydesmus. POLYDESMIDAE During speleological investigation in Ušački Pećinski Cave System interesting polydesmids were BRACHYDESMUS SJENICAE collected. After dissection and careful examination, MAKAROV & ANTIĆ, NEW SPECIES we determined that these specimens are new to sci- (Figures 1–7, Map 1) ence and belong to the genus Brachydesmus.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Distribution of the Millipedes (Diplopoda) of Georgia, Caucasus
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 930: 199–219 (2020)Diversity and distribution patterns of the millipedes of Georgia 199 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.930.47490 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Diversity and distribution of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Georgia, Caucasus Mzia S. Kokhia1, Sergei I. Golovatch2 1 Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, K. Cholokashvili Ave., 3/5, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia 2 Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 33, Moscow 119071, Russia Corresponding author: Sergei I. Golovatch ([email protected]) Academic editor: Z. Korsós | Received 21 October 2019 | Accepted 10 January 2020 | Published 28 April 2020 http://zoobank.org/3D90FD4C-DC71-4F68-987D-8F24DE2141A8 Citation: Kokhia MS, Golovatch SI (2020) Diversity and distribution of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Georgia, Caucasus. In: Korsós Z, Dányi L (Eds) Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Myriapodology, Budapest, Hungary. ZooKeys 930: 199–219. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47490 Abstract The diplopod fauna of Georgia, Transcaucasia, is very rich given the country’s relatively small territory; it presently comprises 103 species from 44 genera, 12 families, and 7 orders. Most of the Diplopoda known from Georgia (86 species, or 83%) demonstrate Caucasian distribution patterns, 36 and 46 species, as well as 8 and 9 genera being endemic or subendemic to the country, respectively. A single Holarctic family, Anthroleucosomatidae (order Chordeumatida), contains 44 Caucasian species and 20 genera, of which 27 species and 14 genera are endemic or subendemic to Georgia. Likewise, all species from the orders Polyzoniida, Siphonocryptida, Glomerida and Chordeumatida, as well as most species of Julida and Polydesmida are native, also endemic or subendemic to the Caucasus, but the genera and families they represent are widely distributed at least across the Euro-Mediterranean Realm.
    [Show full text]
  • Redescription of the Cave-Dwelling Brachydesmus Troglobius Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)
    Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63(1), pp. 53–70, 2017 DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.1.53.2017 REDESCRIPTION OF THE CAVE-DWELLING BRACHYDESMUS TROGLOBIUS DADAY, 1889 (DIPLOPODA, POLYDESMIDA) Dorottya Angyal1,2, Slobodan E. Makarov3 and Zoltán KorsÓs1 1Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary; E-mails: [email protected], [email protected] 2Laboratory of Molecular Taxonomy, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1083 Budapest, Ludovika tér 2-6, Hungary 3Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, Serbia; E-mail: [email protected] The cavernicolous polydesmid Brachydesmus troglobius Daday, 1889 was described from the Hungarian Abaligeti Cave (Mecsek Mountains). Although previously known from only its type locality, the species was later found in caves of other European countries. Rede- scription of the species from museum samples and newly collected material using optical and scanning electron microscopy is here complemented with mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences as barcodes. New distributional data, remarks on the species’ ecology and suggestions for its conservation are also given. Using COI sequences of 17 polydesmid taxa from GenBank and our own collections, we delimit interspecific and intergeneric boundaries within the family Polydesmidae. Key words: Hungary, Western Mecsek Mountains, caves, polydesmid, redescription, phy- logeny, troglobiont. INTRODUCTION The polydesmid millipede Brachydesmus troglobius Daday, 1889 was first found in the Abaligeti Cave (South Hungary, Mecsek Mountains) on an unknown date by the Hungarian entomologist János Pável (1842−1901). It was described as a species endemic to the cave (Daday 1889) by Jenő Da- day (1855−1920), curator of invertebrates in the Hungarian National Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexual Size and Shape Dimorphism in Brachydesmus Troglobius Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 930: 75–88 (2020) Sexual dimorphism in Brachydesmus troglobius 75 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.930.48285 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Sexual size and shape dimorphism in Brachydesmus troglobius Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) Vukica Vujić1, Luka Lučić1, Sofija Pavković-Lučić1, Bojan Ilić1, Zvezdana Jovanović1, Slobodan Makarov1, Boris Dudić1 1 Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology ,University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Corresponding author: Vukica Vujić ([email protected]) Academic editor: Z. Korsós | Received 7 November 2019 | Accepted 19 December 2019 | Published 28 April 2020 http://zoobank.org/509B5EA7-6CD2-4D55-907E-F0FCF77E2227 Citation: Vujić V, Lučić L, Pavković-Lučić S, Ilić B, Jovanović Z, Makarov S, Dudić B (2020) Sexual size and shape dimorphism in Brachydesmus troglobius Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). In: Korsós Z, Dányi L (Eds) Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Myriapodology, Budapest, Hungary. ZooKeys 930: 75–88. https:// doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.48285 Abstract Until now, morphological trait variation has been investigated in several millipede species using geometric morphometrics. The present study is the first attempt to explore sexual shape and size dimorphism (SShD and SSD) of morphological structures in Polydesmida. We here analyse antennal, head, and leg SShD and SSD in Brachydesmus troglobius Daday, 1889. Our results show that SSD exists in all of the analysed structures, while SShD is present only in the legs. In comparison with females, males possess longer and wider legs, as well as longer antennae and a shorter head. Contrary to previous findings in some Julida, in B.
    [Show full text]
  • Diplopoda: Polydesmidae) in Ireland
    Bulletin of the British Myriapod & Isopod Group Volume 28 (2015) THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN ITALIAN FLAT-BACK MILLIPEDE, POLYDESMUS ASTHENESTATUS POCOCK, 1894 (DIPLOPODA: POLYDESMIDAE) IN IRELAND Roy Anderson 1 Belvoirview Park, Belfast BT8 7BL, N. Ireland, UK. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Well established colonies of Polydesmus asthenestatus are reported from nine sites in north-east Ireland and one in Co Wicklow south of Dublin. This species is native to the provinces of Umbria, Toscana and Roma in Italy and to Corsica. It favours wet riverine woodland and is a winter species, being active from September through to May. It shows a small degree of synanthropic behaviour and can be bred in captivity. The colonisation of disturbed habitats and gardens is considered likely which may lead to further range expansion in Ireland. INTRODUCTION The Italian peninsula is well known as a centre of polydesmid diversity (Minelli et al., 1995). A total of 49 species of flat-backed millipedes (Polydesmidae) are listed, many of which are endemic. In comparison, the polydesmid fauna of the British Isles is impoverished, with just seven species. Five are known from Ireland: Polydesmus angustus Latzel, P. coriaceus Porat, P. denticulatus C. L. Koch, P. inconstans Latzel and Brachydesmus superus Latzel (Lee, 2007). The polydesmid fauna of countries on the northern fringes of mainland Europe is similar and neither Holland nor Denmark list any additional species. Six non-British species recorded for Germany, are confined to the far south. The reasons why so few Polydesmus have been able to colonise northern latitudes in Europe from southern refugia following the last glaciation, are unclear.
    [Show full text]