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Geology and Mineralization in the Saginaw Hill Area, Pima County, Arizona

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Geology and Mineralization in the Saginaw Hill Area, Pima County, Arizona Geology and mineralization in the Saginaw hill area, Pima County, Arizona Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic); maps Authors Frank, Thomas Russell, 1943- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 07/10/2021 15:09:19 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554066 GEOLOGY AND MINERALIZATION IN THE SAGINAW HILL AREA, PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA by Thomas Russell Frank A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE WITH A MAJOR IN GEOLOGY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 9 7 0 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of re­ quirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judg­ ment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholar­ ship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: LCLfT JOHN M/GUILBERT D aje Associate P rote as or of Geology ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author would like to thank Dr. John M. Guilbert, under whose direction this thesis was written, for his help and suggestions. Sincere appreciation and thanks go to Mr. Arthur Jacobs for providing the author with drill core and geochemical information and for arranging permission with The Anaconda Company to examine diamond drill core and to select samples for study. Thanks are also due to Dr. Richard F. Wilson for arranging financial assistance from The Univer­ sity of Arizona Geology Department used to defray a portion of the laboratory work. Dr. John W. Anthony and Dr. Donald E. Livingston gave valuable advice and suggestions. Thanks are also due to the graduate students of the Geology Department, especially Mr. John R. Wilson and Mr. Dieter A. Krewedl, for their critical review and discussions during this thesis study. Not the least valuable of all was the constant encouragement of my wife Charlene, without whose help this thesis would never have been completed. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS P age LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS................................ vi LIST OF TA BLES.................................................................................................. ix ABSTRACT....................... x INTRODUCTION ............................................... .... ................................. 1 Previous Work ...... Purpose and Procedures . Climate and Vegetation . Mining History .... cn cr> GENERAL G E O L O G Y ............................................................................... .... 13 Sedimentary and Volcanic R ocks ........................................................ 14 Limy Unit (K al) ............................................................................... 14 Graywacke Unit (Kag)............................ 15 Shale Unit (Kas) . ................................................................. 16 Arkose Unit (K aa) ........................... 16 Tucson Mountain Chaos (Ktmc). ............................ 17 Cat Mountain Rhyolite (Kcr)................................ 18 Intrusive Igneous Rocks.............................................. 20 Saginaw H ill Q uartz L atite Porphyry ( T s h p ) ........................ 20 Saginaw Mine Quartz Monzonite Porphyry (Tsmp) . 26 Q uartz Latite Porphyry D ikes ( T q l d ) ...................................... 34 The Calcite Problem ............................................................ 40 Age and C orrelation ................................ 41 Paleozoic Rocks ................................................................................ 41 Mesozoic Rocks ................................................................................ 43 Cretaceous Amole Formation.............................................. 44 C retaceous-T ertiary B o u n d a ry .................................................... 49 Structural G e o lo g y .................................................................................... 51 Regional S tr u c tu r e ........................................................................... 51 Local Structure ............................................................................... 52 F o ld in g ......................................... 52 F a u l t i n g .................................................................................... 53 Brecciation ................................ 58 J o i n t s ......................................................................................... 61 Thermal Metamorphic Effects ............................................................. 64 iv V TABLE OF CONTENTS—Continued P ag e Vein Systems . ..................................................................... 66 Q uartz V e i n s ........................................................................................ 69 C alcite V e i n s ........................................................................................ 77 Quartz-calcite V eins .......................................................................... 77 ALTERATION AND MINERALIZATION................................................................. 78 A ltera tio n ............................................................................................. 80 A lteration in Igneous R o c k s ............................................................. 80 Propylitic Alteration . .......................................... 80 Quartz-sericite Alteration . .......................................... 86 Summary of Igneous Rock Alteration. ................................. 88 Alteration in Sedimentary and Metasedimentary Rocks . 88 M i n e r a l iz a t i o n ............................................................................................. 90 D issem inated M in e r a liz a tio n ........................................................ 90 Meta sedimentary Rocks................................................ 91 Saginaw Hill Quartz Latite Porphyry ................................ 91 Saginaw Mine Quartz Monzonite Porphyry ....................... 92 Quartz Latite Dikes . ........................................................ 92 Vein M in e r a liz a tio n .......................................................................... 92 Replacement M ineralization ................................................ 94 Skarn Z o n e s............................................................................................. 94 P a ra g e n e s is ............................................................................................. 95 Z o n in g ..................................... 97 G eochem ical A n a l y s e s ..................................................................... 104 C O N C L U S IO N S ..................................................................................... 117 Pre-Saginaw Stock Interpretations ...................................................... 117 Discussion of Volcanism and Emplacement of the Saginaw Stock ......................................................................... 119 Saginaw Stock Im p lic a tio n s .................................................. 121 D iscu ssio n of the Saginaw Stock C o m p o sitio n ................................ 124 D iscu ssio n of M ineralization and A lte ra tio n .................................... 129 P otential of the Saginaw A r e a ................................................................ 133 REFEREN CES.............................................................................. 134 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. Aerial Photograph of the Saginaw Hill A rea ............................ 2 2. Index M a p .................................................................................................. 3 3. Geology of the Saginaw Hill Area, Amole District, Pima County, Arizona .................................in pocket 4. The Saginaw Mine Viewed from the Southeast ...... 7 5. The Papago Queen M ine ....................................................... 10 6 . The Palo Verde Mine ........................................................................... 10 7. Saginaw Hill Quartz Latite Porphyry ........................................... 24 8. Least Altered Saginaw Hill Quartz Latite Porphyry in Thin S e c ti o n ........................................................ 25 9. Saginaw Mine Q uartz M onzonite Porphyry................................. 27 10. Least Altered Saginaw Mine Quartz Monzonite Porphyry in Thin S e c ti o n ........................................................ 30 11. Geologic Cross Sections for Figure 3 .................................in pocket 12. Saginaw Mine Quartz Monzonite Porphyry D ik e ................... 33 13. Saginaw Mine Quartz Monzonite Porphyry Fragm ental Z one....................... 33 14. Q uartz Latite
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