University of Cape Town

RESEARCH REPORT

2000

Faculty of Science

This report can also be found on UCT’s webpage: http://www.uct.ac.za

Editor: Ms M. Ward

CONTENTS

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

Dean’s Introduction 1

Centre for Marine Studies 3

Department of Archaeology 6

Department of Astronomy 12

Department of Biochemistry 16

Department of Botany 21

Department of Chemistry 29

Department of Computer Science 38

Department of Environmental and Geographical Science 43

Department of Geological Sciences 51

Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics 58

Department of Microbiology 71

Department of Oceanography 75

Department of Physics 79

Department of Statistical Sciences 84

Department of Zoology 95

Office of the Dean of Science 112

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

The Faculty of Science at UCT prides itself on the high quality of its research. Various measures confirm the Faculty’s research stature: for example, it has the largest proportions of NRF A- and B-rated scientists in the country. Furthermore, it boasts an exceptional publication output of around 3.5 journal articles per academic staff member, on average.

The information summarised in this report provides further evidence of the impact made globally by our scientists, through publication in the international peer-reviewed literature and participation in international conferences. In addition, much of the research output recorded in this report is directed, with considerable success, towards problems of relevance to the economic and social well-being of South Africans.

Details of some particular research-related achievements of members of the Science Faculty follow.

The Innovation Fund, administered by the Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology, is a programme of support that addresses problems “serious enough to impede socio-economic development or affect our ability to compete …”. The funds are intended for large-scale projects in which leading- edge research is carried out. During 1999 four such grants were awarded to UCT projects, all of which included members of the Science Faculty. In 2000 a further Innovation Fund Grant was awarded, to Professor Edwin Blake for work in the area of human-computer interaction.

Dr Jackie King of the Freshwater Research Unit was Project Leader of a multi-million Rand project, involving an international team of 27 specialists, the aim of which was to advise on environmental flows for the Lesotho Highlands Water Project.

The Cape Action Plan for the Environment, or the CAPE Project as it is commonly known, is a project developed in partnership with the Global Environment Facility. Its aim is to secure the future of the Cape Floral Kingdom. Various groups from the Science Faculty - Professor Richard Cowling and Dr David Richardson of Institute for Plant Conservation, Professor Charles Griffiths of the Marine Biology Research Institute, and Dr Jenny Day and colleagues from the Freshwater Research Unit, served as specialist consultants in the development of the proposal. In addition, a number of scientists from the Faculty were involved as subconsultants.

Professor Brian Davies, with two co-editors, has launched a substantial new book "Global Perspectives on River Conservation: Science, Policy and Practice", which contains contributions by 61 scientists from around the world. The chief aim of the work is to encourage strategic river planning.

In June 2000, an iron ore freighter, the Treasure, sank near one of the largest breeding colonies of the African Penguin, at Dassen and Robben Islands. A mammoth operation, aimed at saving the colonies, was mounted. This included the removal of penguins to Port Elizabeth, whence they could swim home while the oil was being mopped up. The operation gave UCT scientists at the Avian Demography Unit, led by Professor Les Underhill, a unique opportunity to ring large numbers of penguins, and three were fitted with satellite trackers. The opportunity to monitor their swim received worldwide attention, and serves as a fine example of the close relationship between good scientific research and outreach work.

The Fourth International Abalone Symposium was held at UCT in February 2000, and was attended by over 200 delegates from 18 countries. Professor Peter Cook of the Zoology Department was elected the new President of the International Abalone Society at the Symposium.

Scientists at UCT are actively involved in taking Science to the broader public, both in South Africa and abroad. Professor Maarten de Wit was a consultant and participant in the acclaimed BBC television series Earth Story, which was also aired on SABC in 2000.

Professor Jennifer Thomson has been a strong protagonist for genetically modified organisms, and has been actively sought after as an expert. She participated in a panel debate on the subject at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.

1 Despite a rapidly growing petroleum and gas exploration industry, there is a distinct lack of training and research activity in this area at South African universities. This situation is set to change, with the establishment of the South African Petroleum Studies Programme, a partnership between UCT, Stellenbosch and UWC. At UCT the effort is spearheaded by Mr George Smith, who heads the Applied Geophysics programme in the Department of Geological Sciences. The programme is set to expand with the introduction of a course in Petroleum Engineering in 2001.

The journal Classical and Quantum Gravity published a special millenium issue, containing invited articles by researchers who have made key contributions to the understanding of gravity in recent decades. Singled out for special mention by the Editors was the article "83 Years of general relativity and cosmology: progress and problems" by Professor George Ellis.

Research in the Faculty of Science would not be possible without the substantial support that is received from a range of institutions. The financial support of the National Research Foundation, the Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology, as well as funding received from a host of private and public donors, are acknowledged with thanks.

Professor B.D. Reddy Dean, Faculty of Science

2

CENTRE FOR MARINE STUDIES

DIRECTOR - Professor Geoff B. Brundrit

MANAGER - Mr Emlyn Balarin

UNIT CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Centre for Marine Studies University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-3283/3278 Fax: SA (21) 650-3283 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.sea.uct.ac.za/cms

UNIT PROFILE

The Centre for Marine Studies is a centre of marine expertise at the University of Cape Town. The Centre is a co-ordinator and facilitator of multidisciplinary projects and workshops, and promotes marine, maritime and coastal studies and job creation in southern Africa. Furthermore, the Centre offers a consultancy service that draws on the diverse resource of highly skilled specialists in marine and coastal sciences amongst the University’s teaching and research staff. The Centre is controlled by a Board and a Steering Committee and run by a full-time manager.

The CMS offers personal consultations prior to any contract to define the service required and a clearly drawn-up contract of agreement. Contracts are supervised by senior academic staff supervising the employment of students who thus gain both by receiving practical training and by obtaining funds to help finance their studies. The CMS guarantees prompt delivery of the required product and all reports undergo independent expert evaluation to ensure a high standard of scientific reporting. The areas of expertise available from the Centre include, but are not limited to: meteorology, law, microbiology, ornithology, botany, remote sensing, chemistry, surveying, oceanography, biology, geology, mariculture, diving, statistics, resource assessment, management and conservation, environmental evaluations and cultural resource management.

Past clients of the CMS have included government, non-government, commercial and industrial organisations within southern Africa, and international and national funding agencies and donors.

UNIT STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG AFFILIATED STAFF TERM CONTRACT STAFF

Operations Manager 1 Board 14 TOTAL 1 Steering Committee 7 TOTAL 21

3 RESEARCH OUTPUTS

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Brown, A.C. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. The UCT Centre for Marine Studies: a unique institution. South African Journal of Science 96: 216-217.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH / TECHNICAL / POLICY DOCUMENTS

Bernard, S., Cook, P. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. Weekly nutrient monitoring of water in Saldanha Bay Oyster Company - Report 1. Unpublished Report. Bernard, S., Cook, P. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. Weekly nutrient monitoring of water in Saldanha Bay Oyster Company - Report 2. Unpublished Report. Bernard, S., Cook, P. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. Weekly nutrient monitoring of water in Saldanha Bay Oyster Company - Report 3. Unpublished Report. Bernard, S., Cook, P. & Balarin, E. 2000. Weekly nutrient monitoring of water in Saldanha Bay Oyster Company - Report 5. Unpublished Report. Brown, A.C. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. Metals and pesticides in the tissues of marine mussels near the outflow from Wildevoelvlei, Cape Peninsula West Coast. Unpublished report. Crowther Campbell & Associates and Centre for Marine Studies. 2000. Lease specific environmental management programme report for oil and gas exploration in petroleum licence block 11a off the coast of South Africa. Unpublished report. Crowther Campbell & Associates and Centre for Marine Studies. 2000. Lease specific environmental management programme report for oil and gas exploration in petroleum licence blocks 7 & 10- 14B off the coast of South Africa. Unpublished report. Franceschini, G., Compton, J.S. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. Geological interpretation of samples and data from EPL 1607, Luderitz Bay, Namibia. Unpublished report. Harcourt-Baldwin, J.L. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. Literature review on Leptocheirus plumulosus - as initial phase for sediment toxicity study. Unpublished report. Lechanteur, Y., Nel, P., Pillay, P. & Van Zyl, R.F. 2000. MTN Whale Route marine conservation short course – course manual. Unpublished Report. Nel, D.C. 2000. Breeding biology and foraging ecology of African penguins Spheniscus demersus in Algoa Bay, South Africa. Unpublished report. Probyn, T., Cook, P. & Balarin, E. 2000. Weekly nutrient monitoring of water in Saldanha Bay Oyster Company - Report 4. Unpublished Report.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

During 2000 the CMS undertook a total of ten contracts and two short courses:

Forest Oil Specialist input into Lease-Specific Environmental Management Programme Reports (EMPR's) for offshore hydrocarbon exploration in petroleum license blocks 1 and 2. Mossgas Specialist input into a Lease-Specific Environmental Management Programme Report (EMPR's) for offshore hydrocarbon exploration in petroleum license block 11a. Wildevoel Vlei Study to analyse the effects of the Wildevoel Vlei outflow on the adjoining coastal waters and mussel beds. Pioneer Specialist input into Lease-Specific Environmental Management Programme Reports (EMPR's) for seismic surveys and prospect well drilling in petroleum license blocks 7 & 10-14B. Mossgas Literature review on Leptocheirus plumulosis - as initial phase for sediment toxicity study. Saldanha Bay Oyster Company (Pty) Ltd Weekly nutrient monitoring of water in oyster farming facility. Cape Peninsula National Park / World Wildlife Fund for Nature - South Africa Stock assessment of exploited subtidal reef species and characterization of habitat types along the coast of the Cape Peninsula National Park.

4 MTN Whale Route Development of marine conservation field trip course and long term development of school pupils as 'ambassadors of the sea'. Pulles Howard & De Lange Situational analysis of available information on effluent from Umbogitwini industrial complex's marine pipelines for human health risk assessment. Mossgas Biomonitoring of beach and subtital meiofauna around the outfall of the Mossgas (Pty) Ltd pipelene in Mossel Bay. Short Courses Two “Marine Biology as a Career” short courses were run for high school pupils and involved lectures and a field trip.

5

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY (Including the NRF/UCT Research Unit for the Archaeology of Cape Town, the UCT Spatial Archaeology Research Unit, the NRF/UCT Archaeometry Research Unit and the Quaternary Research Centre)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - First Semester: Professor John Parkington Second Semester: Associate Professor Judith Sealy

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS Postal address: Department of Archaeology University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2353 Fax: SA (21) 650-2352 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/age/

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE The Department of Archaeology is characterised by a diversity of well-established research interests. The Western Cape has a rich archaeological heritage which includes evidence of hunter-gatherer settlement, pastoralist communities and colonial settlers - all are highlighted in ongoing research interests. In addition, the Department is home to archaeometric and materials research, focussing on palaeoanthropology, past environments, early human diets and materials analysis. More recently, the Department of Archaeology has developed an expertise in Cultural Resource Management, working with both government and private sectors to mitigate the effects of development and widen public awareness of the importance of the past.

QUATERNARY RESEARCH CENTRE DIRECTOR - Associate Professor Julia Lee-Thorp

The Centre provides a forum for researchers from UCT, UWC, the South African Museum and from other institutions in the Western Cape who are working on Quaternary environments and climate change. Activities in 2000 included a programme of seminars, production of two newsletters and a web page, and the hosting of several international visitors.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM STUDENTS HONORARY STAFF CONTRACT STAFF Professors 3 Postdoctoral 1 Honorary Professors 1 Associate Professors 2 Doctoral 8 Honorary Research 8 Senior Lecturers 1 Masters 7 Associates Lecturers 2 Honours 8 TOTAL 9 Research Staff 3 Undergraduates 347 Technical Support Staff 2 TOTAL 371 Administrative and Clerical 2 Staff TOTAL 15

6 RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor John Parkington Head of Department; Director, Spatial Archaeology Research Unit; hunter-gatherers; palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and human ecology; prehistoric art; coastal archaeology Professor Martin Hall Director, Research Unit for the Archaeology of Cape Town; archaeology of colonialism; archaeology and education; archaeological theory Professor Nikolaas J. van der Merwe (in the establishment of the Dean of Science) isotopes; palaeodiets; palaeoenvironments; archaeometallurgy Associate Professor Judith Sealy Director, FRD/UCT Archaeometry Research Unit; archaeometry; stable isotopes; prehistoric southern Africa Associate Professor Andrew Smith prehistoric pastoralism; origins of food production; ethnohistory Associate Professor Lee-Thorp (in the establishment of the Dean of Science) Senior Lecturer; human evolution; stable isotope applications to hominid and human diets and past environments; Director of the Quaternary Research Centre Dr Rebecca Rogers Ackermann Lecturer; hominid evolution; variation; morphometrics; visualization and modeling; quantitative methods Dr Simon Hall Lecturer; hunter-gathers and farmers; Stone/Iron Age interaction; landscape sharing

CONTRACT RESEARCH STAFF

Mr David Halkett contract archaeology; historical archaeology; prehistory of the southwestern Cape Mr Tim Hart contract archaeology; historical archaeology; prehistory of the southwestern Cape Mr Tony Manhire Senior Scientific Officer; rock art; later Stone Age; prehistory of the southwestern Cape Dr Duncan Miller Principal Research Officer; archaeometallurgy; materials analysis

HONORARY PROFESSOR

Professor. T.M. O'C. Maggs iron age archaeology in southern Africa

HONORARY RESEARCH ASSOCIATES

Dr Lynne Bell Natural History Museum, England; palaeodiets and taphonomy Dr Yvonne Brink interpretation of symbolism and complexity in eighteenth century Cape architecture Dr A. Jerardino coastal archaeology Mr P. Jolly rock art Dr J. Klose historical archaeology; ceramics Dr Antonia Malan archaeology of the colonial period; archives and vernacular architecture Dr Sharma J. Saitowitz ancient glass; glass beads; trade and contact, Indian and Pacific oceans Dr Bruno Werz Maritime archaeology

7 POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWS

Dr Ian Watts study of prehistoric pigments and origins; symbolic behaviour

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

Dr Kofi Agorsah Portland State University - black studies & international studies Dr Susan Pfeiffer University of Toronto - physical anthropology Dr Carmel Schrire Rutgers University - historical archaeology Dr Jean-Philippe Rigaud Bordeaux – prehistory Dr Nicholas Conard University of Tuebingen – prehistory Dr Margot Winer St Mary’s College, California – historical archaeology

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Churchill, S.E., Berger, L.R. & Parkington, J.E. 2000. A Middle Pleistocene human tibia from Hoedjiespunt, Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96:367-8. Gray, C.E.D., Meadows, M.E., Lee-Thorp, J.A. & Rogers, J. 2000 Characterising the Namaqualand Mudbelt of southern Africa: Chronology, Palynology and Palaeoenvironments. South African Geographical Journal 82(3): 137-142. Grine, F.E., Henshilwood, C.S. & Sealy, J.C. 2000. Human remains from Blombos Cave, South Africa (1997-1998 excavations). Journal of Human Evolution 38:755-765. Hall, S. 2000. Forager lithics and Early Moloko homesteads at Madikwe. Natal Museum Journal of Humanities 12: 33-50. Hammel, A., White, C., Pfeiffer, S. & Miller, D. 2000. Precolonial mining in southern Africa. Journal of South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 100: 49-56. Jerardino, A., Sealy, J. & Pfeiffer, S. 2000. An infant burial from Steenbokfontein Cave, western Cape coast, South Africa: its archaeological, nutritional and anatomical context. South African Archaeological Bulletin 55: 44-48. Lee-Thorp, J.A., Thackeray, F.J. & van der Merwe, N. J. 2000. The hunters and the hunted revisited. Journal of Human Evolution 39:565-576. Lee-Thorp, J.A. & Sponheimer, M. 2000. Isotopes stables du carbone et alimentation des hominidés anciens. Les Nouvelles de l'Archeologie Special Edition 80:12-16. Luyt, J., Lee-Thorp, J.A. & Avery, G. 2000. New light on mid-Pleistocene West coast environments from Elandsfontein, Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96:399-403. Parkington, J.E., Cartwright, C., Cowling, R.M., Baxter, A. & Meadows, M. 2000. Palaeovegetation at the last glacial maximum in the Western Cape: wood charcoal and pollen evidence from Elands Bay Cave. South African Journal of Science 96: 543-546. Sealy, J., Pfeiffer, S., Yates, R., Willmore, K., Manhire, A., Maggs, T. & Lanham, J. 2000. Hunter- gatherer child burials from the Pakhuis Mountains, Western Cape: growth, diet and burial practices in the Late Holocene. South African Archaeological Bulletin 55:32-43. Sealy, J.C. & Pfeiffer, S. 2000. Diet, body size and landscape use among Holocene people in the southern Cape, South Africa. Current Anthropology 41: 642-655. Smith, A.B. 1999. The archaeology of the Ju/'hoansi Bushmen. Milan: Archaeologia Africana 5:75-84. Van der Merwe, N.J., Cushing, A. & Blumenschine, R.J. 1999. Stable isotope ratios of fauna and the environment of palaeolake Olduvai. Journal of Human Evolution 36:A24-25. Worth, D. 2000. A smoke belching congestion of factories: Cape Town's neglected industrial heritage. Industrial Patrimony 2:65-72.

8 BOOKS

Smith, A.B., Malherbe, C., Mathias, G. & Berens, P. 2000. The Bushmen of Southern Africa: A Foraging Society in Transition. Cape Town: David Philip.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Hammel, A., White, C., Pfeiffer, S., van der Merwe, N.J., Mitchell, P. & Miller, D. 1999. South Africa's informal mining industry. In Caldwell, W.J. (ed.) Issues and responses: land use and planning in eastern and southern Africa: 195-213. Canada: University of Guelph. Lee-Thorp, J.A. 2000. Preservation of biogenic carbon isotope signals in Plio-Pleistocene bone and tooth mineral. In Ambrose, S. & Katzenberg, K.A. (eds) Biogeochemical Approaches to Paleodietary Analysis: 89-116. New York: Kluwer. Lee-Thorp, J.A. & Talma, E.S. 2000. Stable light isotopes and past environments in the Southern African Quaternary. In Partridge, T.C. & Maud, R. (eds) Cenozoic Geology of Southern Africa: 236-251. Oxford: Oxford University Press Smith, A.B. 1999. Commentary. In di Lernia, S. (ed.) The Uan Afuda Cave: Hunter-Gatherer Societies of Central Sahara. University of Roma "La Sapienza", Arid Zone Archaeology Monographs 1:xix. Smith, A.B. 1999. Archaeology and evolution of hunters and gatherers. In Lee, R.B. & Daly, R. (eds) The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunter-Gatherers: 384-390. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Smith, A.B. 1999. Hunters and herders in the Karoo landscape. In Dean, W.R.J. & Dean, S. (eds) The Ecology of the Karoo: 243-256. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

PATENT

Miller, D.E., Towle, N.R. & Lang, C.I. 2000. Hardening low-solute alloys. South African patent 997376.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Smith, A.B. 2000. Origins of Southern African livestock. In Blench, R. & Macdonald, K. (eds) The Origins and Development of African Livestock: Archaeology, Genetics, Linguistics and Ethnography: 222-238 London: University College London Press. Tykot, R.H., Newman, R. & van der Merwe, N.J. 1999. Weathering surfaces on chemical marble sculptures: isotopic and X-ray diffraction analyses. In Schvoerer, M. (ed.) Archeomateriaux: Marbres et Autres Roches. Actes de la IVeme Conference Internationale, Bordeaux, France. ASMOSIA IV: 239-244. Bordeaux: Centre de Recherche en Physique Appliquée à l'Archeologie.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Bell, L. & Lee-Thorp, J. 2000. Diagenetic shift in the oxygen isotope composition of bone caused by endolithic micro-borers. IV International Bone Diagenesis Meeting, Albarracin, Teruel, Spain. Cox, G. 2000. Cobern Street burial ground: tracing life histories of slaves, non-Christians and the poor of eighteenth-century Cape Town. Poster presentation 16th Biennial Conference of the Southern African Association of Archaeologists, Johannesburg. Franz, T.A., Lee-Thorp, J. & Chinsamy-Turan, A. 2000. Enamel hypoplasia in the Early Pliocene fossil record of Langebaanweg: a preliminary study. Poster at 11th Biennial Conference of the Palaeontological Society of Southern Africa, Pretoria. Franz, T.A., Lee-Thorp, J. & Chinsamy-Turan, A. 2000. Taphonomy and ecological niche of an extinct giraffid at the Early Pliocene site of Langebaanweg, South Africa. IV International Bone Diagenesis Meeting, Albarracin, Teruel, Spain. Hall, S. 2000. Variability in Shashe-Limpopo forager/farmer relations. 16th Biennial Conference of the Southern African Association of Archaeologists, Johannesburg. Hart, T. & Halkett, D. 2000. The discovery and excavation of the Chavonnes Battery. 16th Biennial Conference of the Southern African Association of Archaeologists, Johannesburg. Lee-Thorp, J. 2000. Understanding fossilisation processes and isotopic signals in calcified tissue minerals: two decades of progress. Address and Session Chair, IV International Bone Diagenesis Meeting, Albarracin, Teruel.

9 Lee-Thorp, J. 2000. Diets of 3 million year-old hominids based on isotopic analyses. Opening address. Isotopes in biological and chemical sciences, Gordon Research Conference, Ventura, California. Luyt, J. 2000. New light on mid-Pleistocene West Coast environments from Elandsfontein, Western Cape. Poster presentation 16th Biennial Conference of the Southern African Association of Archaeologists, Johannesburg. Muller, C. 2000. Were there dietary differences between the Robberg Peninsula and Matjes River Rock Shelter? 16th Biennial Conference of the Southern African Association of Archaeologists, Johannesburg. Rau, A.J., Lee-Thorp, J. & Rogers, J. 2000. Late Quaternary circulation patterns around the southern tip of Africa. International Meeting on the Quaternary Evolution of the Benguela Coastal Upwelling System: IMAGES II and ODP Leg 175, Carcans, France. Sealy, J.C. & Poggenpoel, C. 2000. Excavations at Blombos Cave: dating and fish remains. 16th Biennial Conference of the Southern African Association of Archaeologists, Johannesburg. Sealy, J.C., Poggenpoel, C. & van Niekerk, K. 2000. Dating programme and analysis of marine food remains from Blombos Cave: some preliminary results. 15th Biennial Conference of the Society of Africanist Archaeologists, Cambridge, England.

THESIS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREE

Nilssen, P. 2000. An actualistic butchery study in South Africa and its implications for reconstructing hominid strategies of carcass acquisition and butchery in the Upper Pleistocene and Plio- Pleistocene. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Miller, D. 1999. Passing through paradise. Equinox 4: 93-98. Miller, D.E. 1999. Review of Kriger, C. Pride of men: iron working in 19th century west central Africa. Africa Studies Review 42:178-180. Miller, D.E. 2000. Review of Pollard, A.M. (ed.) 1999. Geoarchaeology: exploration, environments. Historical Metallurgy 34(1): 49-50.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS

Halkett, D. & Mutti, B. 2000. A study of known archaeological resources in the area administered by the South Cape District Council. Prepared for South Cape District Council. Report 2000/2, 21 pp and 8 map overlay. Halkett, D. 2000. A report on the exhumation of human remains from an historic cemetery at the Marina Residential Development, V&A Waterfront. Prepared for V&A Waterfront (Pty) Ltd. Report 2000/3, 21 pp. Halkett, D. 2000. An archaeological investigation of portions of the Caledon hot springs site. Prepared for TCI Projects. Report 2000/1, 50 pp. Halkett, D. 2000. An assessment of the impacts on heritage resources of proposed mining on the farm Karoetjies Kop, Vredendal district. Prepared for Metago Environmental Engineers (Pty) Ltd. Report 2000/17, 7 pp. Halkett, D. 2000. An initial assessment of heritage resources within the Trans Hex west coast diamond concessions. Prepared for Trans Hex Mining Ltd. Report 2000/10, 10 pp. Halkett, D. 2000. An investigation of rubble deposits in the walled field at Welgelegen. Prepared for the Physical Planning Unit, UCT. Report 2000/16, 1 pp. Halkett, D. 2000. Phase 1 archaeological investigation: Erf 10899 and western part of Erf 10896, Brackenfell. Prepared for Jabes Ondernemings. Report 2000/8, 1 pp, 2000. Halkett, D. 2000. A report on excavation training at the Langebaan Fossil Park: 03.04.2000 - 14.04.2000. Prepared for Earth Sciences Division, South African Museum. Report 2000/5, 5 pp. Halkett, D. 2000. A study of archaeological sites in the Nooitgedacht Nature Resort, Clanwilliam. Prepared for Nooitgedacht Nature Reserve (Pty) Ltd. Report 2000/6, 31 pp. Halkett, D. 2000. Phase 1 archaeological investigation: portion 19 (portion of portion 1) of the farm Langeberg. Prepared for Cape Devco. Report 2000/7, 1 pp. Hart, T. & Malan, A. 2000. An archaeological assessment of the “Clicks” site: Woodstock. Prepared for Trevor Thorold Architects. Report 2000/9, 4 pp. Hart, T. 2000. A heritage impact assessment of a portion of the farm Groot Phesantekraal, Durbanville. Prepared for Terraplan Associates. Report 2000/15, 1 pp.

10 Hart, T. 2000. A preliminary archaeological and historical overview of the Plateaux Road area, South Peninsula. Prepared for Environmental Evaluation Unit, UCT. Report 2000/11, 11 pp. Hart, T. 2000. Archaeological investigation of proposed stone quarry on the farm Seekoeivlei, Graafwater. Prepared for Table Mountain Sandstone cc. Report 2000/13, 1 pp. Hart, T. 2000. Heritage impact assessment of the proposed Lourens River flood alleviation scheme, Somerset West. Prepared for Crowther Campbell and Associates, 44 pp. Hart, T. 2000. Preliminary archaeological exposure of a cobbled surface, Old Granary, Buitenkant Street. Prepared for the Urban Conservation Unit, Cape Town City Council. Report 2000/14, 5 pp. Hart, T. 2000. An archaeological assessment of portions of land in Dido Valley, Simonstown. Prepared for Jessica Hughes and Associates. Report 2000/4, 5pp and 1 overlay. Miller, D. 2000. Report on metallographic description of slag specimens from Nandoni (Bristol). Pietermaritzburg Museum, 8pp. Miller, D. 2000. Report on metallurgical analysis of a bronze propellor. South African Heritage Resources Agency, 6 pp.

11

DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: Professor Brian Warner

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS Postal Address: Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2391 Fax: SA (21) 650-3352 Email: [email protected]

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE The Department specialises in high speed photometry and spectroscopy of variable stars, in long period variable stars and Galactic Structure, and in large scale structure of the Universe.

Observational and theoretical studies of rapidly oscillating Ap stars are conducted in collaboration with astronomers from the SAAO, Belgium, Italy, Austria, Japan, Denmark and India.

Studies of cataclysmic variable stars (exploding stars such as novae) and pulsating white dwarf stars are of continuing interest.

Studies of large-scale structures in the spatial distribution of galaxies are carried out- in conjunction with the maintenance of a catalogue of galaxy redshifts. Particular emphasis is given to large-scale structures of galaxies heavily obscured by the foreground Milky Way.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG HONORARY STAFF STUDENTS TERM CONTRACT STAFF Professors 3 Honorary Professor 1 Doctoral 3 TOTAL 3 TOTAL 1 Masters 5 Undergraduate 57 TOTAL 65

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor Brian Warner Head of Department: cataclysmic variable stars; white dwarf stars; history of astronomy Professor Anthony Fairall Redshift catalogue: large-scale structures in the universe – observations and analysis Professor Don Kurtz Rapidly oscillating Ap stars; δ Scuti stars; RR Lyrae stars

HONORARY PROFESSOR

Honorary Professor M.W. Feast Stellar evolution; galactic structure; long period variable stars; distance scales

12 DISTINGUISHED VISITOR Dr Keith Snedegar Utah Valley State College- astronomical aspects of traditional African beliefs

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Alcock, C., Allsman, R., Alves, D.R., Axelrod, T., Becker, A., Bennett, D., Clement, C., Cook, K.H., Drake, A., Freeman, K., Geha, M., Griest, K., Kovacs, G., Kurtz, D.W., Lehner, M., Marshall, S., Minniti, D., Nelson, C., Peterson, B., Popowoski, P., Pratt, M., Quinn, P., Rodgers, A., Rowe, A., Stubbs, C., Sutherland, W., Tomaney, A., Vandehei, T. & Welch, D.L. 2000. The MACHO project Large Magellanic Cloud variable-Star inventory. IX. Frequency analysis of the first- overtone RR Lyrae stars and the indication for nonradial pulsations: Astrophysical Journal 542:257-280. Feast, M.W. 2000. Stellar populations and the distance scale: the Baade- Thackeray correspondence. Journal for the History of Astronomy 31:29-36. Feast, M.W. 2000. The local solar motion and the scale length of the galactic disc. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 313:596-598. Feast, M.W. & Whitelock, P.A. 2000. Mira kinematics from Hipparcos data: a galactic bar to beyond the solar circle. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 317:460-487. Hamuery, J.-M., Lasota, J.-P. & Warner, B. 2000. The zoo of dwarf novae:illumination, evaporation and disc radius variation. Astronomy and Astrophysics 353:244-252. Handler, G., Arentoft, T., Shobbrook, R.R., Wood, M.A., Crause, L.A., Crake, P., Podmore, F., Habanyama, A., Oswalt, T., Birch, P.V., Lowe, G., Sterken, C., Meintjes, P., Brink, J., Claver, C.F., Medupe, R., Guzik, J.A., Beach, T.E., Martinez, P., Leibowitz, E.M., Ibbetson, P.A., Smith, T., Ashoka, B.N., Raj, N.E., Kurtz, D.W., Balona, L.A., O'Donoghue, D., Costa, J.E.S. & Breger, M. 2000. Delta Scuti Network observations of XX Pyx: detection of 22 pulsation modes and of short-term amplitude and frequency variations. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 318:511-525. Murray, J.R., Warner, B. & Wickramasinghe, D.T. 2000. Superhumps in systems with intermediate mass ratios. New Astronomy Reviews 44:51-56. Murray, J.R., Warner, B. & Wickramasinghe, D.T. 2000. Eccentric discs in binaries with intermediate mass ratios: superhumps in the VY Sculptoris stars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 315:707-712. Tatarnikov, A.M., Shenavrin, V.I., Yudin, B.F., Whitelock, P.A. & Feast, M.W. 2000. Infrared photometry of Sakurai's object (V4334 Sgr) in 1996-1999. Astronomical Letters 26:506-519 (Pis'ma v Astronomicheski Zhurnal 26:587-602). van Zyl, L., Warner, B., O'Donoghue, D., Sullivan, D., Pritchard, J. & Kemp, J. 1999. GW Librae : an accreting DAV. Baltic Astronomy 9:231-246. van Zyl, L., Warner, B. & O'Donoghue, D. 2000. The outburst amplitude of Nova Puppis 1902. New Astronomy Reviews 44:69-70. van Zyl, L., Warner, B. & O'Donoghue, D. 2000. Non-radial pulsations in the primary of a cataclysmic variable. New Astronomy Reviews 44:91-92. Vuille, F. 2000. Non-linear behaviour of the pulsating white dwarf G29-38 - I. Evolution of the temporal spectrum. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 313:170-178. Vuille, F. 2000. Non-linear behaviour of the pulsating white dwarf G29-38 - II. Analysis of the spectrum. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 313:179-184. Vuille, F. 2000. Non-linear behaviour of the pulsating white dwarf G29-38 - III. Relative amplitudes of the cross-frequencies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 313:185-192. Vuille, F., O'Donoghue, D., Buckley, D.A.H., Massacand, C.M., Solheim, J.E., Bard, S., Vauclair, G., Giovannini, O., Kepler, S.O., Kanaan, A., Provencal, J.L., Wood, M.A., Clemens, J.C., Kleinman, S.J., O'Brien, M.S., Nather, R.E., Winget, D.E., Nitta, A., Klumpe, E.W., Montgomery, M.H., Watson, T.K., Bradley, P.A., Sullivan, D.J., Wu, K., Marar, T.M.K., Seetha, S., Ashoka, B.N., Mahra, H.S., Bhat, B.C., Babu, V.C., Leibowitz, E.M., Hemar, S., Ibbetson, P., Mashals, E., Meistas, E., Moskalik, P., Zola, S., Krzesinski, J. & Pajdosz, G. 2000. Normal modes and discovery of high-order cross frequencies in the DBV white dwarf GD 358. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 314:689-701. Warner, B. 2000. Cataclysmic variables: some lacunae. New Astronomy Reviews 44:3-8.

13 Warner, B. 2000. Cataclysmic Variables. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 112: 1523-1525. Whitelock, P.A., Marang, F. & Feast, M.W. 2000. Infrared Colours for Mira-like Long Period Variables found in the Hipparcos Catalogue. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 319: 728- 758. Whitelock, P.A. & Feast, M.W. 2000. Hipparcos Parallaxes for Mira-like Long Period Variables. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 319: 759-770.

BOOK

Fairall, A.P. 2000. Cosmology revealed - living inside the cosmic egg :1-135. Praxis-Springer.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Arentoft, T., Handler, G., Shobbrook, R.R., Birch, P.V., Crake, P., Lowe, G., Smith, T., Martinez, P., Habanyama, A., Podmore, F., Meintjies, P., Brink, J., Crause, L., Kurtz, D.W., Medupe, R., Wood, M.A., Oswalt, T., Claver, C.F., Ashoka, B. N., Raj, N. E., Liebowitz, E. M., Gil-Hutton, R., Guzik, J.A., Beach, T.E. & Sterken, C. 2000. First Results of the 17th DSN Campaign: Photometry of XX Pyx. In Szabados, L. & Kurtz, D. (eds) The impact of large-scale surveys on pulsating star research. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 203:469-470. Ashoka, B.N., Seetha, S., Raj, E., Chaubey, U.S., Gupta, S.K., Joshi, S., Martinez, P., Kurtz,D.W., Sagar, R. & Kasturirangan, K. 2000. Survey for roAp stars in the northern sky from Naini Tal. Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India 28: 251-254. Fairall, A.P. & Kraan-Korteweg, R.C. 2000. A search of the zone of avoidance in scorpius. In Kraan- Korteweg, R.C., Henning, P.A. & Andernach, H. (eds) Mapping the Hidden Universe. Astromical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 218:35-41. Fairall, A.P. & Woudt, P.A. 2000. Nearby Clusters of Galaxies hidden behind the Southern Milky Way. Institut d'Astrophysique conference, Paris, web book. Feast, M.W. 2000. Kapteyn and South Africa. In van der Kruit, P. & van Berkel, K. (eds) The Legacy of J.C. Kapteyn, Dordrecht Kluver:109-127. Feast, M.W. 2000. Post-AGB variables and stellar mass-loss. In Wing, R.F. (ed.) The carbon star phenomenon. IAU Symposium, Dortrecht, 207-216. Frandsen, S. et al. (includes Kurtz, D. W.) 1999. The STACC Campaign on BN and BV Cnc in Praesape. In Szabados, L. & Kurtz, D. (eds) The impact of large-scale surveys on pulsating star research. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 203:473-474. Kovacs, G., Alcock, C., Allsman, R., Alves, D., Axelrod, T., Becker, A., Bennett, D., Cook, K.H., Drake, A., Freeman, K., Geha, M., Griest, K., Kurtz, D. W., Lehner, M., Marshall, S., Minniti, D., Nelson, C., Peterson, B., Popowski, P., Pratt, M., Quinn, P., Rodgers, A., Stubbs, C., Sutherland, W., Tomaney, A., Vandehei, T. & Welch, D.L. 2000. In Szabados, L. & Kurtz, D. (eds) The impact of large-scale surveys on pulsating star research. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 203:313-314. Kurtz, D.W. 2000. The impact of large-scale surveys on pulsating star research. IAU Colloquium 176. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Series 112:132-134. Kurtz, D.W. 2000. An introduction to Ap stars, roAp stars and theasteroseismology of roAp stars. In Ibanoglu, C. & Akan, C. (eds) Variable stars as essential astrophysical tools NATO-ASI: 313- 338. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press. Kurtz, D. W. 2000. Evidence for, and Development of, the Oblique Pulsator Model. In Ibanoglu, C. & Akan, C. (eds) Variable stars as essential astrophysical tools NATO-ASI: 339-361. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press. Kurtz, D. W. 2000. Long-term Monitoring of Cyclic Frequency Variability in roAp Stars. In Ibanoglu, C. & Akan, C. (eds) Variable stars as essential astrophysical tools NATO-ASI: 363-372. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press. Kurtz, D. W. 2000. Multi-colour Observations and Atmospheric Level Effects in roAp Stars. In Ibanoglu, C. & Akan, C. (eds) Variable stars as essential astrophysical tools NATO-ASI: 373- 386. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press. Kurtz, D.W., Alcock, C., Allsman, R.A., Alves, D., Axelrod, T.S., Becker, A.C., Bennett, D.P., Cook, K.H., Freeman, K.C., Griest, K., Lehner, M.J., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Peterson, B. A., Pratt, M. R., Quinn, P.J., Rodgers, A. W., Stubbs, C.W., Sutherland, W., Tomaney, A. & Welch, D.L. 2000. A New Look at the Blazhko Effect in RR Lyrae Stars with High-Quality Data from the

14 MACHO Project. In Szabados, L. & Kurtz, D. (eds) The impact of large-scale surveys on pulsating star research. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 203:291-298. Kurtz, D.W. & Martinez, P. 2000. The Potential and Pitfalls of WET roAp. In Vauclair, G. & Dolez, N. (eds) 5th WET Workshop/NATO ASW. Baltic Astronomy 9:253-354. Martinez, P., Kurtz, D.W., Chaubey, U.S., Gupta, S.K., Joshi, S., Sagar, R., Ashoka, B.N. & Seetha, S. 2000. A Survey for Pulsating Ap stars from Naini Tal. In Szabados, L. & Kurtz, D. (eds) The impact of large-scale surveys on pulsating star research. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 203:485-486 Medupe, R., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. & Kurtz, D.W. 2000. Studies of non-adiabatic effects on radial pulsations in the atmospheres of roAp stars. In Szabados, L. & Kurtz, D. (eds) The impact of large-scale surveys on pulsating star research, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 203:451-452. Tovmassian, G.H., Szkody, P., Greiner, J., Vrielmann, S., Kroll, P., Howell, S., Saxton, R., Ciardi, D., Mason, P.A. & Hastings, N.C. 1999. High spectral and time resolution observations of the eclipsing polar RX J0719.2+6557. In Hellier, C. & Mukai, K. (eds) Proceedings of the Anapolis Workshop on Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series:133. Vrielmann, S. & Offutt, W. 2000. V2051 Oph in super outburst In Charles, P., King A. & O'Donoghue, D. (eds) Warner Symposium Proceedings, Oxford, New Astronomy Reviews, Elsevier Science, 39-40. Woudt, P.A. & Kraan-Korteweg, R.C. 2000. Large-scale structures behind the Southern Milky Way in the Great Attractor region. In Kraan-Korteweg, R.C., Henning, P.A. & Andernach, H. (eds) Mapping the Hidden Universe, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 218:193- 201. Woudt, P.A., Kraan-Korteweg, R.C. & Fairall, A.P. 2000. The core of the great attractor unveiled. In Kraan-Korteweg, R.C., Henning, P.A. & Andernach, H. (eds) Mapping the Hidden Universe, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 218:203-205.

RESEARCH NOTES

Joshi, S., Girish, V., Martinez, P., Sagar, R., Ashoka, B.N., Gupta, S.K., Seetha, S., Kurtz, D.W. & Chaubey, U.S. 2000. Discovery of delta Scuti pulsations in HD 98851. Information Bulletin on Variable Stars 4900. Martinez, P., Girish, V., Joshi, S., Kurtz, D.W., Ashoka, B.N., Chaubey, U.S., Gupta, S.K., Sagar, R. & Seetha, S. 2000. Discovery of rapid oscillations in HD 12098. Information Bulletin on Variable Stars 4853.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Fairall, A.P. 2000. Out of Africa. Astronomy Now 14(12):26-29.

THESIS AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Van der Heyden, K.J. 2000. Spectroscopic studies of magnetic cataclysmic variables. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town.

15

DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Associate Professor N. Illing

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Biochemistry University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2402 Fax: SA (21) 685-5931 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.bch.uct.ac.za/

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

Prof. Klump is interested in uncommon DNA structures - linear or branched double-stranded, triple- stranded or quadruple-stranded helices. He also investigates the thermodynamic features of proteins from hyperthermophilic bacteria in collaboration with the Center of Marine Biotechnology in Baltimore MD, USA.

Assoc. Prof. Lindsey, Assoc. Prof. Brandt and Dr Rodrigues are continuing their work on the molecular basis of desiccation tolerance in plants. They use yeast as a model system to study the role of LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins. There is also ongoing collaboration with Prof. Sue Harrison (Chemical Engineering Department, UCT ) on the physiological and mechanical properties of yeast.

Assoc. Prof Illing is investigating the regulation of gene expression during olfactory neuron development and the regulation of expression of GnRH receptors during development. Her laboratory is also very interested in the regulation of gene expression during dehydration and rehydration in the resurrection plant, Xerophyta humilis.

Assoc. Prof. Patterton investigates the interplay between the packaging of DNA and the regulation of gene expression. He is currently characterising the linker histone from Baker's yeast, and investigating the biochemical role and genomic distribution of this histone.

Assoc. Prof. Farrant conducts research on the physiological and molecular aspects of plant stress tolerance in unique Southern African flora. She also works closely with colleagues from the Stress Ecology Unit, Kirstenbosch and from the University of Natal, Durban, University of Firenze, Italy, Universite de Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France and Villanova University, USA.

Dr Denby's research focuses on how plants sense and respond to pathogen and insect attack. For this work molecular and genetic approaches are employed. She is also investigating the role of calcium within the cells of the plant in an ongoing collaboration with Dr Marc Knight (Oxford University, UK).

Dr O'Ryan runs an evolutionary biology research group that has close links with the departments of Botany and Zoology. Her group focuses on the reconstruction of molecular phylogenies, addressing population and conservation-related questions of southern African animal species.

16 DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM CONTRACT STUDENTS STAFF

Professors 1 Post-Doctoral 5

Associate Professors 5 Doctoral 7

Lecturers 3 Masters 15 Research Staff 3 Honours 7 Technical Support Staff 9 Undergraduate 281 Administrative and Clerical Staff 3 TOTAL 315 TOTAL 24

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Associate Professor Nicola Illing HoD; molecular biology; developmental neurobiology Professor Horst Klump physical biochemistry; superstable proteins Associate Professor Wolf Brandt protein chemistry; chromatin structure; plant desiccation tolerance Associate Professor George Lindsey protein chemistry; plant desiccation tolerance; chromatin Associate Professor Jill Farrant desiccation tolerance; resurrection plants; seeds, plant physiology; molecular biology Associate Professor Hugh Patterton chromatin; transcription; histone; gene expression Dr Jerry Rodrigues protein chemistry; chromatin structure; plant desiccation tolerance Dr Katherine Denby plant molecular biology; plant-pathogen interactions; signal transduction; Arabidopsis genetics Dr Colleen O’Ryan molecular systematics; population genetics; microsatellite DNA

HONORARY STAFF

Honorary Professor Eugene Dowdle immunology Associate Professor Barbara von Wechmar virology

POST-DOCTORAL STAFF

Dr Anne Whittaker carbohydrate metabolism; enzymology Dr Simon Boa histone methylation; SET1 Dr Laure Jason Arabidopsis genetics; jasmonic acid Dr Kirrily Peters plant signal transduction; MAP kinases Dr Neo Makube triplet DNA repeats; microsatellite DNA

17 RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Arimondo, P.B., Lacroix, L., Mills, M., Klump, H.H., Francois, J.C., Lacoste, J. & Mergny, J.L. 2000. Conformations inhabituelles de l’ADN. Regards sur la Biochimie 2: 29-41. Berman, P. & Brandt, W.F. 2000. Existance of covalently cross-linked haemoglobin in human erythrocytes and its inhibition by naturally-occurring sugars in vitro. South African Journal of Science 96:549-552. Farrant, J.M. 2000. Comparison of mechanisms of desiccation tolerance among three angiosperm resurrection plants. Plant Ecology 151:29-39. Koonjul, P.K., Brandt, W.F., Lindsey, G.G. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Isolation and characterisation of chloroplasts from Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. Journal of Plant Physiology 156:584-594. Marco, H.G., Brandt, W., Stoeva, S., Voelter, W. & Gade, G. 2000. Primary structures of a second hyperglycemic peptide and of two truncated forms in the spiny lobster, Jasus lalandii. Peptides 21:19-27. Mills, M., Arimondo, P., Lacroix, L., Garestier, T., Helene, C., Klump, H.H. & Mergny, J.L. 1999. Energetics of strand displacement reactions in triple helices: a spectroscopic study. Journal of Molecular Biology 291:1035-1054. Mundree, S.G., Whittaker, A., Thomson, J.A. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Cloning and characterisation of an aldose reductase homolog from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. Planta 211:693- 700. Patterton, H.G. & Graves, S. 2000. DNAssist: the integrated editing and analysis of molecular biology sequences in Windows. Bioinformatics 16:652-653. Patterton, H.G. & Graves, S. 2000. DNAssist, a C++ program for editing and analysis of nucleic acid and protein sequences on PC-compatible computers running Windows 95, 98, NT4.0 or 2000. Biotechniques 28:192-197. Sales, K., Brandt, W., Rumbak, E., & Lindsey, G. 2000. The LEA-like protein HSP 12 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a plasma membrane location and protects membranes against desiccation and ethanol-induced stress. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1463:267-278. Schrader, B., Schulz, H., Andreev, G.N., Klump, H.H. & Sawatzki, J. 2000. Non-destructive NIR-FT- Raman spectroscopy of plant and animal tissues, of food and works of art. Talanta 53:35-45. Troskie, B.E., Hapgood, J.P., Millar, R.P. & Illing, N. 2000. Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cloning, gene expression, and ligand selectivity of a novel Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor expressed in the pituitary and midbrain of Xenopus laevis. Endocrinology 141:1764- 1771. Wiseman, R., O'Ryan, C. & Harley, E.H. 2000. Microsatellite analyses of domestic cat (Felis catus) and Southern African Wild Cat (Felis lybica) show significant genetic differentiation. Animal Conservation 3: 221-228. Wolkers, W.F., McCready, S., Brandt, W.F., Lindsey, G.G. & Hoekstra, F.A. 2000. Isolation and characterization of a D-7 LEA protein from pollen stabilizes glasses in vitro. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 36292:1-11. Woodman, Z.L., Oppong, S.Y., Cook, S., Hooper, N.M., Schwager, S.L.U., Brandt, W.F., Ehlers, M.R.W & Sturrock, E.D. 2000. Shedding of somatic angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is inefficient compared with testis ACE despite cleavage at identical stalk sites. Biochemical Journal 347:711-718.

CHAPTER IN BOOK

Mundree, S.G. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Some physiological and molecular insights into the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. In Cherry, J.H., Locy, R.D. & Rychter, A. (eds) Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Agriculture: Role of Genetic Engineering: 201-222. Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic Press.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Bishop, J..M., Jarvis, J.U.M. & O'Ryan, C. 2000. The isolation of microsatellite loci to investigate genetic structuring in species of African mole rats. Poster presented at the BIOY2K Combined Millennium meeting.

18 Cooper, K. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. The effect of drying rate on the recovery of the resurrection plants Craterostigma wilmsii (homoiochlorophyllous) and Xerophyta humilis (poikilochlorophyllous). Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Desiccation Tolerance and Sensitivity of Seeds and Vegetative Plant Tissues, Itala Game Reserve, South Africa. Eick, B.N., Robertson, H. & O'Ryan, C. 2000. A molecular phylogeny of Camponotus ants. Poster presented at the BIOY2K Combined Millennium Meeting. Illing, N., Midgley, J.J., von Hase, A., Katz, A. Berman, P. & Farrant, J. 2000. How do plants catch their food? The molecular basis of signalling in the carnivorous plant, Drosera capensis. SASBMB Combined Millennium Meeting, Grahamstown. Klump, H. & Makube, N. 2000. A triple-helical four-way junction. Poster presented at the 16th IUPAC Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Klump, H.H., Mills, M., Mergny, J-L., Volker, J. & Breslauer, K. 2000. Frustrated molecules: balancing entropy and electrostatics and observing their effect on the thermal unfolding of multistranded DNA. Plenary lecture presented at the XXII National Congress on Calometry, Thermal Analysis and Chemical Thermodynamics, Camogli (Genoa), Italy. Logan, C., Cunningham, J., Bishop, J.M. & O'Ryan, C. 2000. The isolation of microsatellite loci in white rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum. Poster presented at the BIOY2K Combined Millennium Meeting. Makube, N., Klump, H.H., Volker, J. & Breslauer, K. 2000. Temperature-dependent thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties as evidence for secondary structure formation in microsatellite repeat sequences. Poster presented at the XXII National Congress on Calometry, Thermal Analysis and Chemical Thermodynamics, Camogli (Genoa), Italy. Mtwisha, L., Farrant, J.M., Brandt, W. & Lindsey, G.G. 2000. A LEA-like protein from the camel thorn tree, Acacia erioloba, is located both in vacuoles and cell walls. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Desiccation Tolerance and Sensitivity of Seeds and Vegetative Plant Tissues, Itala Game Reserve, South Africa. Ndima, T., Mundree, S.G., Farrant, J.M. & Thomson, J.A. 2000. A LEA and dehydrin homologue from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker are differentially expressed during dehydration. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Desiccation Tolerance and Sensitivity of Seeds and Vegetative Plant Tissues, Itala Game Reserve, South Africa. O'Ryan, C. & Harley, E.H. 2000. Genetic diversity in fragmented buffalo populations in South Africa. Paper presented at the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution Conference and America Genetic Association Congress, Yale, New Hampshire, USA. O'Ryan, C., Wiseman, R. & Harley, E.H. 2000. Microsatellite analysis reveals that the the domsetic cat (Felis catus) and Southern African wild cat (F. lybica) are genetically distinct. Paper presented at the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution Conference and America Genetic Association Congress, Yale, New Hampshire, USA. O'Ryan, C., Wiseman, R. & Harley, E.H. 2000. The effects of habitat fragmentation on small isolated populations: two case studied using microsatellite DNA. Paper presented at the BIOY2K Combined Millennium Meeting. Petry, R., Klump, H., Millar, R. & Kiefer, W. 2000. Conformational Raman analysis on small alanine- proline peptides. Poster presented at the International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy, Peking, China. Rodrigues, J.A. & O’Connell, M. 2000. Identification of drought-responsive H1 histone genes in plants. Poster presented at the 76th Annual Meeting of the South Western and Rocky Mountain Division of the AAAS , New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA. Shoko, A., Boolay, S., Storey, K. & Illing, N. 2000. A study of olfactory neurogenesis in an olfactory cell line. Forum of European Neuroscience, Brighton, U K. Schwegmann, A. & Illing, N. 2000. Using the yeast two-hybrid system to identify proteins that interact with brain factor-1. SASBMB Combined Millennium Meeting, Grahamstown. Troskie, B., Millar, R., Katz, A. & Illing, N. 2000. Two gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor subtypes identified in Xenopus laevis brain. SASBMB Combined Millennium Meeting, Grahamstown. Whittaker, A., Lindsey, G.G., Bochicchio, A., Vazzana, C. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Carbohydrate metabolism in the resurrection plants Xerophyta viscosa and Sporobolus stapfianus. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Desiccation Tolerance and Sensitivity of Seeds and Vegetative Plant Tissues, Itala Game Reserve, South Africa.

19 THESES PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Koonjul, P. 2000. Investigating the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in the resurrection angiosperm Myrothamnus flabellifolius: 1-166. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Schwegmann, A. 2000. Identification of proteins that interact with Brain Factor-1, and characterization of these interactions: 1-200. M.Sc. dissertation (with distinction), University of Cape Town.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

Our department offers extensive services to other universities, institutions and private companies in the field of peptide and protein sequencing, amino acid analysis and DNA and peptide synthesis. We house the only matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation (MALDI) mass spectrometer in South Africa, for the accurate determination of the molecular weight and identity of pure compounds. The Department runs a Jasco 810 CD-Instrument (Circular Dichroism), which operates as a Western Cape regional Facility. The evolutionary biology and conservation genetics wing in the Department offers a service to conservation managers and biologists. This service takes the form of investigating the genetic diversity and population structure of many mammal and avian species.

20

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY (Including the Bolus Herbarium and the Institute for Plant Conservation)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Associate Professor W.D. Stock

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS Postal address: Department of Botany University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2447 Fax: SA (21) 650-4041 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/botany/

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE Botany is a vibrant department which strives towards the development of a centre of excellence for research and teaching of the ecology, evolution, physiological ecology and systematics of marine and terrestrial plants of southern Africa. The department includes two research units, the Bolus Herbarium and Leslie Hill Institute for Plant Conservation, and is also home to the Department of Environmental Affairs & Tourism Chief Directorate: Marine & Coastal Management. Research thrusts include plant population, community and reproductive ecology, systematics, floristics, biogeography and evolutionary biology of the unique Cape Floral Kingdom, ecology and economics of marine and freshwater algae, the ecophysiology of plant responses to pollution and global change, the physiology of plant nitrogen-fixing symbioses and molecular and physiological characteristics of seed and vegetative desiccation tolerance in plants. The Institute for Plant Conservation is actively researching the conservation status of the Cape Floristic Region and communicating these results to policy makers and the broader community, while the Bolus Herbarium is researching the taxonomy of and curating a specimen collection of over a third of a million southern African species. Staff are also active on Research Councils, policy making forums and advisory committees.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

HONORARY STAFF

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM Honorary Professors 2 CONTRACT STAFF Honorary Research 4 Associates Professors 2 TOTAL 6 Associate Professors 4 Senior Lecturers 2 Lecturers 1 Research Staff 1 STUDENTS Technical Support Staff 10 Postdoctoral 4 Administrative and Clerical Staff 3 Doctoral 25 TOTAL 23 Masters 30 Honours 10 Undergraduate 349 TOTAL 418

21

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Associate Professor William Stock Head of Department; plant physiological ecology; global change; isotope ecology Associate Professor John J. Bolton phycology; marine and freshwater biology; mariculture Professor William J. Bond plant ecology; evolutionary biology; conservation biology; fire and community dynamics Associate Professor Felix Dakora plant physiology; nitrogen fixation; agricultural biology Dr Ed February Senior Lecturer; palaeoecology; ecophysiology Dr Terry Hedderson plant systematics; bryology; molecular systematics; life history traits Professor Peter Linder Keeper of the Bolus Herbarium; systematics; taxonomy; evolutionary biology Dr Jeremy Midgley Senior lecturer; plant ecology; evolutionary biology; forest dynamics Dr David M. Richardson Deputy Director of the IPC; plant ecology; biology of invasive organisms; bioclimatic modelling; restoration ecology

EMERITUS PROFESSOR

Professor OAM Lewis plant nitrogen metabolism

EMERITUS ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

Associate Professor AV Hall systematics; taxonomy

HONORARY PROFESSORS

Professor Richard Cowling Director of the Leslie Hill Institute for Plant Conservation; plant ecology; conservation biology; community ecology; biodiversity Professor Brian Huntley Director of the National Botanical Institute; landscape ecology

HONORARY RESEARCH ASSOCIATES

Dr PV Bruyns systematics Mrs E Esterhuysen taxonomy Mr SA Hammer taxonomy Mr G Williamson taxonomy

22 RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Ayisi, K.K., Nkgapele, R.J. & Dakora, F.D. 2000. Nodule formation and function in six varieties of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) grown in a nitrogen-rich field soil in South Africa. Symbiosis 28:17-31. Baker, W.J., Hedderson, T.A. & Dransfield, J.W. 2000. Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Calamoideae (Palmae) based on nrDNA ITS and cpDNA rps16 intron sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 14:195-217. Baker, W.J., Hedderson, T.A. & Dransfield, J.W. 2000. Molecular phylogenetics of Calamus and related rattan genera based on 5s nrDNA spacer sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 14:218-231. Bolton, J.J. 1999. Seaweed systematics and diversity in South Africa: an historical account. Transaction of Royal Society of South Africa 54:167-177. Baker, W.J., Dransfield, J.W. & Hedderson, T.A. 2000. Phylogeny, character evolution, and a new classification of the Calamoid palms. Systematic Botany 25:297-322. Bond, W.J. 2000. Fires, Le feu, les tempetes, les chervres et l’homme. La Recherche 333:58-61. Bond, W.J. & Midgley, G.F. 2000. A proposed CO2-controlled mechanism of woody plant invasion in grasslands and savanna. Global Change Biology 6:1-5. Bruyns, P.V. 2000. Phylogeny and biogeography of the Stapeliads. Plant Systematics and Evolution 221:199-226. Bruyns, P.V. 2000. Phylogeny and biogeography of the Stapeliads. Plant Systematics and Evolution 221:227-244. Bruyns, P.V. 2000. Baynesia, a new genus of Stapeliad from the northwestern most corner of Namibia (Apocynaceae). Novon 10:354-358. Cowling, R.M. 2000. Challenges to the ‘new’ rangeland science. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15:303-304. Cowling, R.M. & Eggenberg, S. 2000. Accommodation problems in rarity definition and phylogeny in assessing common-rare differences in reproductive effort: opportunities provided by the Cape Flora. South African Journal of Science 96:381-384. Cox, C., Goffinet, B., Newton, A.E., Shaw, A.J. & Hedderson, T.A. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships among the diplolepidous-alternate mosses (Bryidae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences. The Bryologist 103:224-241. Dakora, F.D. 2000. Commonality of root nodulation signals and nitrogen assimilation in tropical grain legumes belonging to the tribe Phaseoleae. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 27:885-892. Dakora, F.D. & Drake, B.G. 2000. Elevated CO2 stimulates associative N2 fixation in a C3 plant of the Chesapeake Bay wetland. Plant, Cell and Environment 23:943-953. Endress, M.E. & Bruyns, P.V. 2000. A revised classification of the Apocynaceae s.I. The Botanical Review 66:1-56. Ellis, A.G. & Johnson, S.D. 1999. Do pollinators determine hybridization patterns in sympatric Satyrium (Orchidaceae) species? Plant Systematics and Evolution 219:137-150. Farrant, J.M. 2000. A comparison of mechanisms of desiccation tolerance among three angiosperm resurrection plants. Plant Ecology 151:29-39. Gambiza, J., Bond, W.J., Frost, P.G.H. & Higgins, S. 2000. A simulation model of miombo woodland dynamics under different management regimes. Ecological Economics 33:353-368. Goffinet, B. & Hedderson, T.A. 2000. Evolutionary biology of the Bryopsida (Mosses); a synthesis. The Bryologist 103:184-186. Griffin, N.J., Bolton, J.J. & Anderson, R.J. 1999. Distribution and population dynamics of Porphyra (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) in the southern Western Cape, South Africa. Journal of Applied Phycology 11:429-436. Higgins, S.I., Bond, W.J. & Trollope, W.S.W. 2000. Fire, resprouting and variability: a recipe for tree- grass coexistence in savanna. Journal of Ecology 88:213-229. Higgins, S.I., Pickett, S.T.A. & Bond, W.J. 2000. Predicting extinction risks for plants: environmental stochasticity can save declining populations. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15:516-520. Higgins, S.I., Richardson, D.M. & Cowling, R.M. 2000. Using a dynamic landscape model for planning the management of alien plant invasions. Ecological Applications 10:1833-1848. Holmes, P.M., Richardson, D.M., Van Wilgen, B.W. & Gelderblom, C. 2000. Recovery of South African fynbos vegetation following alien woody plant clearing and fire: implications for restoration. Austral Ecology 25:631-639.

23 Kemper, J., Cowling, R.M., Richardson, D.M., Forsyth, G.G. & McKelly, D.H. 2000. Landscape fragmentation in South Coast Renosterveld, South Africa, in relation to rainfall and topography. Austral Ecology 25:179-186. Klak, C. 2000. Taxonomic studies in the Aizoaceae from South Africa: three new species and some new combinations. Bothalia 30:35-42. Koonjul, P.K., Brandt, W.F., Lindsey, G.G. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Isolation and characterisation of chloroplasts from Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. Journal of Plant Physiology 156:584-594. Laaka-Lindberg, S., Hedderson, T.A. & Longton, R.E. 2000. Rarity and reproductive characters in the British hepatic flora. Lindbergia 25:78-84. Lechmere-Oertel, R. & Cowling, R.M. 2000. Combining growth form and floristic composition in a gradient-directed vegetation survey of Matjiesriver Nature Reserve, Western Cape. Bothalia 30:161-173. Leiliaert, F., Anderson, R.J., Bolton, J.J. & Coppejans, E. 2000. Subtidal understorey algal community structure in kelp beds around the Cape Peninsula (Western Cape, South Africa). Botanica Marina 43:359-366. Linder, H.P. 2000. Vicariance, climate change, anatomy and phylogeny of the Restionaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 134:159-177. Longton, R.E. & Hedderson, T.A. 2000. What are rare species and why conserve them? Lindbergia: 25:53-62. Midgley, J.J. 2000. Determinants of clutch size and cone in Leucadendron (Proteaceae); pleiotrophy versus trade offs. Flora 195:252-256. Midgley, J.J. 2000. What are the relative costs, limits and correlates of increased degree of serotiny? Austral Ecology 25:65-68. Midgley, J.J. & Enright, N.J. 2000. Serotinous species show correlation between retention time for leaves and cones. Journal of Ecology 88:348-351. Midgley, J.J. & Kruger, L.M. 2000. Senescence in fire-adapted Cape Proteaceae. Journal of Mediterannean Ecology 1:181-185. Mundree, S.G., Whitaker, A., Thomson, J.A. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. An aldose reductase homolog from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. Planta 211:693-700. Muofhe, M.L. & Dakora, F.D. 2000. Modification of rhizosphere pH by the symbiotic legume Aspalathus linearis growing in a sandy acidic soil. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 27:1169-1173. Newton, A.E., Cox, C.J., Duckett, J.G., Wheeler, J., Goffinet, B., Hedderson, T.A. & Mishler, B.D. 2000. Evolution of the major moss lineages; phylogenetic analyses based on multiple gene sequences and morphology. The Bryologist 103:187-211. Parkington, J., Cartwright, C., Cowling, R.M., Baxter, A. & Meadows, M. 2000. Palaeovegetation at the last glacial maximum in the Western Cape, South Africa: wood charcoal and pollen evidence from Elands Bay Cave. South African Journal of Science 96:543-546. Pauw, A. 2000. Parental care in a polygynous group of bat-eared foxes, Otocyon megalotis (Carnivora: Canidae). African Zoology 35:139-145. Richardson, D.M., Allsopp, N., D’Antonio, C.M., Milton, S.J. & Rejmanek, M. 2000. Plant invasions - the role of mutualisms. Biological Reviews 75:65-93. Richardson, D.M., Pysek, P., Rejmanek, M., Barbour, M.G., Panetta, F.D. & West, C.J. 2000. Naturalisation and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions. Diversity and Distributions 6:93-107. Ronse Decreane, L.P., Linder, H.P. & Smets, E.F. 2000. The questionable relationship of Montinia (Montiniaceae): evidence from a floral ontogenetic and anatomical study. American Journal of Botany 87:1408-1424. Stegenga, H., Anderson, R.J. & Bolton, J.J. 2000. Notes on Ceramiaceae from the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa III. Three new records from Tsitsikama Coastal National Park, with a description of Scageliopsis tsitsikammae nov. spec. Blumea 45:485-494. Stow, D., Hope, A., Richardson, D.M., Garrison, C., Chen, D. & Service, D. 2000. Potential of colour- infrared digital camera imagery for inventory and mapping of alien plant invasions in South African shrublands. International Journal of Remote Sensing 21:2965-2970. West, A.G., Bond, W.J. & Midgley, J.J. 2000. Soil carbon isotopes reveal ancient grassland under forest in Hluhluwe, Kwa-Zulu Natal. South African Journal of Science 96:252-254. Williamson, G. 2000. Four new succulent Bulbine species (Asphodelaceae) from Western and Eastern Cape Provinces of the Republic of South Africa. Bradleya 18:31-40.

24 BOOKS

Dorrat Haaksma, E. & Linder, H.P. 2000. Restios of the Fynbos: 1-185. Cape Town: Botanical Society of South Africa. Williamson, G. 2000. Richtersveld – The Enchantered Wilderness: 1-258. Pretoria: Umdaus Press.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Barker, N.P., Morton, C.M. & Linder, H.P. 2000. The Danthonieae: generic composition and relationships. In Jacobs, S.W.L. & Everett, J. (eds) Grasses: Systematics and Evolution:221-230. Melbourne: CSIRO. Bell, T.L., Stock, W.D. & Linder, H.P. 2000. Ecophysiological investigations of the distribution of Poaceae and Restionaceae in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. In Jacobs, S.W.L. & Everett, J. (eds) Grasses: Systematics and Evolution:267-278. Melbourne: CSIRO. Bolton, J.J. 2000. Taxonomy/Species. Plants (comprising flowering plants, algae, fungi, lichens). In Durham, B.D. & Pauw, J.C. (eds) Summary Marine Biodiversity Status Report for South Africa:41-46. Pretoria: National Research Foundation. Bond, W.J. 1999. Ecological and evolutionary importance of disturbance and catastrophes in plant conservation. In Mace, G.M., Balmford, A. & Ginsberg, J.R. (eds) Conservation in a changing world: 87-106. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Bruyns, P.V. 2000. Euphorbia. In Goldblatt, P. & Manning, J. (eds) Cape Plants. A conceptus of the Cape Flora of South Africa Strelitzia 9:280-290. Pretoria: National Botanic Institute. Bruyns, P.V. 2000. Euphorbia. In Goldblatt, P. & Manning, J. (eds) Cape Plants. A conceptus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9:455-458. Pretoria: National Botanical Institute. Grass Phylogeny Working Group (GWPG) (22 authors). 2000. A phylogeny of the grass family (Poaceae), as inferred from eight character sets. In Jacobs, S.W.L. & Everett, J. (eds) Grasses: Systematics and Evolution:3-7. Melbourne: CSIRO. Linder, H.P. 2000. Pollen Morphology and wind pollination in angiosperms. In Harley, M.M., Morton, C.M. & Blackmore, S. (eds) Pollens and Sphores: Morphology and Biology:73-88. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. Linder, H.P. & Barker, N.P. 2000. Biogeography of the Danthonieae. In Jacobs, S.W.L. & Everett, J. (eds) Grasses: Systematics and Evolution:231-238. Melbourne: CSIRO. Mundree, S.G. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Some physiological and molecular insights in the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. In Cherry, J.H. (ed.) Plant tolerance to abiotic stresses in agriculture: role of genetic engineering:201-222. The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Richardson, D.M., Bond, W.J., Dean, W.R.J., Higgins, S.I., Midgley, G.F., Milton, S.J., Powrie, L., Rutherford, M.C., Samways, M.J. & Schulze, R.E. 2000. Invasive alien organisms and global change: a South African perspective. In Mooney, H.A. & Hobbs, H.A. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world:303-350. Washington D.C.: Islands Press. Richardson, D.M. 2000. Mediterranean pines as invaders in the Southern Hemisphere. In Ne’eman, G. & Trabaud, L. (eds) Ecology, Biogeography and Management of Pinus halepensis and P. brutia Forest Ecosystems in the Mediterranean Basin:131-142. The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers. Searle, R.J. & Hedderson, T.A.J. 2000. A preliminary phylogeny of the Hedychieae (Zingiberaceae) based on its sequences of the nuclear rRNA cistron. In Wilson, K.L. & Morrison, D.A. (eds) Monocots; Systematics and Evolution:710-718. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO. Victor, J.E., Bredenkamp, C.L., Venter, H.J.T., Bruyns, P.V. & Nicholas, A. 2000. Apocynaceae. In Leistner, O.A. (ed.) Seed plants of Southern Africa: families and genera. Strelitzia 10:71-98.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Chimphango, S.B.M., Musil, C. & Dakora, F.D. 2000. UV-B effects on plant growth, symbiotic performance and metabolite concentration in tropical legumes. In Pedrosa, F.O., Hungria, M., Yates, M.G. & Newton, W.E. (eds) Nitrogen fixation: from molecules to crop productivity: 582. Brazil:Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dakora, F.D., Spriggs, A., Nyemba, R.C. & Chimphango, S.B.M. 2000. Host-plant factors in the adaptation of indigenous African legumes to low pH soils. In Pedrosa, F.O., Hungria, M., Yates, M.G. & Newton, W.E. (eds) Nitrogen fixation: from molecules to crop productivity: 579-580. Brazil:Kluwer Academic Publishers.

25 CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Rejmanek, M. & Richardson, D.M. 1999. What makes some conifers more or less invasive? Proceedings of International Conifer Conference 1999. Edinburg, Royal Botanical Garden, 30. Van Willigen, B.W., Richardson, D.M. & Higgins, S.I. 2000. Integrated control of invasive alien plants in terrestial ecosystems. In Preston, G., Brown, G. & van Wyk, E. (eds) Best management practices for preventing and controlling invasive alien species. Working for Water Programme, Cape Town, 118-128.

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Eccles, N. 2000. The ecology of Namaqualand Strandveld: community structure and dynamics in a winter-rainfall desert:1-89. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Heydenrych, B.J. 2000. The investigation of landuse practices on the Agulhas Plain (South Africa), with emphasis on socio-economic and conservation issues:1-156. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Kwembeya, E.G. 2000. Studies in Dryopteris inaqualis (Dryopteridaceae) complex:1-86. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Morley, T.L. 2000. Phenology and growth in culture of the carrageenophytes Sarcothalia scutellata and Grateloupia filicina:1-108. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town Mujaju, C. 2000. Species limits in Cannomois virgata complex (Restionaceae):1-100. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Munro, S. 2000. A morphological-anatomical classification of growth forms in monocotyledons: 1-369. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Nelwamondo, A. 2000. Assimilation of silicate affects plant growth and symbiotic functioning in nodulated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata l. walp.):1-88. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Newton, R.J. 2000. An investigation into seed germination requirements of some of the nut-fruited Restionaceae:1-125. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Ochora, J. 2000. The embryology, seed coat and conservation of some Kenyan species of the orchidaceae:1-207. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Rathogwa, N.R. 2000. Dynamics and utilisation of an arid savanna woodland:1-155. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Scott, G. 2000. A chemosystematic and cladistic study of the Southern African endemic family Bruniaceae DC:1-151. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Skowno, A. 2000. The effects of habitat change on bird diversity and community structure in a mesic savanna landscape:1-99. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Solomon, A.M. 2000. The use and valuation of natural fuelwood resources in Paulshoek, Namaqualand and the ecological impacts on rangeland dynamics:1-129. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Uys, R.G. 2000. The effects of different burning regimes on grassland phytodiversity:1-163. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Verboom, A.G. 2000. A phylogenetic study of evolutionary radiation and functional growth from evolution in the grass genus Ehrharta thunb. s.s. (Poaceae: Erhharteae):1-115. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Anderson, R.J., De Clerck, O., Bolton, J.J. & Coppejans, E.C. 2000. Searching for seaweeds. Wildside 1:16-17. Bolton, J.J. 2000. Seaweeds, science and society: a roman noir on introduced Caulerpa taxifolia. (Review of Meinesz, A. 1999. Killer algae: the true tale of a biological invasion. ). Diversity and Distributions 6:213-214. Cowling, R.M. & Pierce, S.M. 1999. Conserving Namaqualand. Africa Environment and Wildlife Sep / Oct: 42-44. Cowling, R.M. 2000. Review of Wildflowers of the Port Elizabeth Area. Swartkops to Sundays Rivers and Wildflowers of the Port Elizabeth area. Gamtoos to Swartkops Rivers by Helan J. Vanderplank. Veld & Flora 86:87-89. Cowling, R.M. 2000. Responsible ecotourism at Buchu Bushcamp. Veld & Flora 86:57. Desmet, P.G. 2000. Namaqualand: Journey of discovery. Veld & Flora 86:62-66.

26 Desmet, P.G. 2000. Uncle Orgies goes A WOL. Mesemb Study Group Bulletin 15:44-62. Pauw, A. 2000. Table Mountain Ghost Frog. Undercurrents: a newsletter from the Two Oceans Aquarium 5:4-5. Pauw, A. 2000. Book review: Orchids of Southern Africa. Veld & Flora 86:87. Richardson, D.M. 2000. On global ecology (Review of Mooney, H.A. 1998. Globalisation of ecological thought). Global and Biogeography 9:182-184. Richardson, D.M. 1999. Biological invasions: getting the message to the masses (Reviews of Life out of bounds: bioinvasion in a borderless world, Bright, C. and Alien invasion: America’s battle with non-native animals and plants, Devine, R.R.). Diversity and Distributions 5:118-119. Vogelpoel, D., Cywes, S., Cywes, M. & Pauw, A. 2000. Alien Disa hybrids on Table Mountain – implications for nature conservation. Orchids South Africa. Williamson, G. 2000. A new succulent Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) from the Richtersveld. Aloe 36:68-70. Williamson, G. 2000. A new Chridopsis. (Mesembryanthemaceae) from the Richtersveld. Aloe 37:4-7. Williamson. G. 2000. Zambian Euphorbias. Aloe 37:54-56.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS

Boshoff, A.E., Cowling, R.M. & Kerley, G.I.H. 2000. The Baviaanskloof conservation area. A conservation and development priority. Terrestrial Ecological Research Unit. Report No. 27. University of Port Elizabeth. Brown-Rossouw, R. & Richardson, D.M. 2000. The role of nurseries in distributing invasive alien plants in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Report to the Working for Water Programme of the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. CSIR Report No. ENV-S-S 2000-021. CSIR Division of Water, Environment and Forestry Technology, Stellenbosch. Brown-Rossouw, R. & Richardson, D.M. 2000. The role of DWAF nurseries in distributing invasive alien plants in South Africa. Report to the Working for Water Programme of the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. CSIR Report No. S-S 2000-022. CSIR Division of Water, Environment and Forestry Technology, Stellenbosch. Chapman, R.A., Le Maitre, D.C. & Richardson, D.M. 2000. A technique for modelling scenarios for alien plant control. Report to the Water Research Commission. Report ENV-S-C 99042. CSIR Division of Water, Environment and Forestry Technology, Stellenbosch. Cole, N.S., Lombard, A.T., Cowling, R.M., Euston-Brown, D., Richardson, D.M. & Heijnis, C.E. 2000. Framework for a conservation plan for the Agulhas Plain, Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. IPC report 0001 submitted to WWF - SA. Cowling, R.M. 1999. The National Research and Technology Foresight Project. Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology, Pretoria: Biodiversity. Joska, M.A.P., Bolton, J.J. & Le Roux, R. 2000. Problem blooms of Cladophora glomerata and Oedogonium capillare in South African irrigation canals:1-156. Tronchin, E. 2000. To be Onikusa or to be Gelidium. SANCOR Newsletter 165:15-16.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

Associate Professor John J. Bolton is a member of the Editorial Board of the journal Botanica Marina, 1999-present. Co-chair of the Organising Committee of the 17th International Seaweed Symposium to be held at UCT in January 2001 (co-hosted by UCT and Marine & Coastal Management). Invited member of the Algal Nomenclature Committee of the International Botanical Association, 1998-present. He is a member of the International Organising Committee of the International Phycological Congress to be held in Thessaloniki, Greece (2001). He is the Representative of Civil Society on the Environmental Advisory Board to the Capricorn Science Park Development, South Peninsula Municipality, 1998-present. He is also a member of the NRF advisory panel for the Mariculture thrust of the Sustainable Environment Programme. Professor William Bond is a member of the NRF Plant Science Rating Committee, elected Chairperson for 2000. He is a member of the Board of Cape Nature Conservation, 1999-2003. He serves on the Editorial Board of Oecologia, an international, European based ecology journal. He was invited (October 1999) to act on the Editorial Board of Global Ecology and Biogeography (associated with Journal of Biogeography published by Blackwells). IUCN threatened species review panel.

27 Professor R.M. Cowling is a member of the NRF Core programme Committee for Plant Sciences, the Advisory Board of the South Peninsula Municipality Nature Reserve, the Research Advisory Committee of NBI. He is the President of the International Society of Mediterranean Ecologists; outgoing chair of the NRF Evaluation Committee for Plant Scientists; Chairman of the Biodiversity Sector of the Foresight Project of the Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology; and Co-Chairman of the Biodiversity Committee of the Strategic Plan and Investment Program for the Conservation of the Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Cape Floristic Region. He is also a member of the Council and Flora Conservation Committee of the Botanical Society of South Africa. He is an alternate member of the Steering Committee for the Strategic Plan and Investment Programme for the Conservation of the Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Cape Floristic Region. He is a Trustee of the Leslie Hill Succulent Karoo Trust; ecological advisor to the Friends of St Francis Nature Areas; environmental ombudsman for Eskom nuclear sites at Groot Hagelkraal and Thyspunt; and Chairman of the Steering Committee for the Kouga Biosphere Reserve. He serves on the editorial boards of Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, Plant Ecology, Encyclopaedia of Life Support Systems and South African Journal of Environmental Law and Policy. Associate Professor Dakora serves on the National Committee on Plant Genetic Resources. He is the President of the African Association for Biological Nitrogen Fixation (AABNF). He served as a member of the International Advisory Committee for the organisation of the 12th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation in Toronto, Canada, in July 2001. He is also a member of the International Advisory Committee for the organisation of the 9th AABNF Congress in Nairobi, Kenya in September 2000. Dr. Terry Hedderson edits the Bryological Times, the official organ of the International Bryological Association, and is on the editorial board of Lindbergia, an international bryological journal issued in co-operation with Oikos and Ecological Bulletins. He also serves as a consultant to Historic Thatch Management, a UK based-company that, in conjunction with English Heritage, the National Trust and English Nature, promotes the conservation of vernacular architecture. Professor H.P. Linder serves on the Editorial Board of the Nordic Journal of Botany and Australian Systematic Botany, and is an Associate Editor of Systematic Biology. Also was President of the Southern African Society for Systematic Biology until midyear. He also serves on the NRF Prestigious Bursaries Selection Committee and the Biodiversity Trust of the Environment Theme of the NRF. Dr Dave Richardson serves on the steering committee of the RDP "Working for Water" project and is a consultant for the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry for the national audit of the programme. He serves on the IUCN's Species Survival Commission “Invasive Species” and conifers Specialist Groups and on the Scientific Advisory Committee for the SCOPE " Global Invasive Species Programme”. He is a Secretary of the Executive Committee of the International Association of Mediterranean Ecologists (ISOMED); serves on Steering Committees for the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry's "Working for Water" Programme (Western Cape Programme) and the Water Research Commission-funded programmes on "Impacts of Alien Plants on the Water Resources of South Africa" and "A Technique for Modelling Scenarios for Alien Plant Control". He is also a member of the monitoring group for the "Working for Water" project in the Western Cape. He is Editor-in-Chief of Diversity and Distributions, Deputy Editor of Journal of Biogeography and Global Ecology and Biogeography. He also serves on the Editorial Boards of Biological Invasions and Ecologia Mediterranean. Associate Professor Stock serves as Associate Editor of Austral Ecology and is a member of the Advisory Editorial Panel of the African Journal of Range and Forage Science. He also serves on the NRF “Conservation and Management of Ecosystems and Biodiversity” evaluation panel and the South African Certification Authority National Moderator for matric level biology.

28

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Professor John R Moss

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Chemistry University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2446 Fax: SA (21) 689-7499 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/cem/

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The research activities of the department reflect the wide range and scope of the traditional sub- disciplines of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry, sustained by analytical, spectroscopic and computational methodology. The four main research focus areas are medicinal and biological chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, transition metal chemistry as well as biophysical and structural chemistry. Programmes are devoted to fundamental and applied chemical research, and to interdisciplinary studies in which chemistry plays a key role. Synthetic studies are carried out in organic, organometallic and co- ordination chemistry, in order to develop and apply new methodology, and to prepare biologically active compounds, novel catalysts, components of new materials, tools for analytical and separation science, and models for advanced structural and conformational studies. Molecular structure determination with the aid of spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction techniques are two areas of specialisation in the department. The latter technique is employed extensively in investigations into inclusion compounds, polymorphism and related solid-state phenomena.

During the course of 2000, the Roche award for the best paper in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry was awarded to Professors M.R. Caira, R. Hunter, L.R. Nassimbeni & Ms A.T. Stevens for their paper: Resolution of albuterol acetonide. Tetrahedron:Asymmetry 10:2175-2189, 1999. Professor A.L. Rodgers was Chair and organizer of Urolithiasis 2000, the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, in Cape Town over the period 13-17 February. This major international conference, held for the first time in South Africa, was attended by 320 delegates from all around the world.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG HONORARY STAFF STUDENTS TERM CONTRACT STAFF Professors 4 Emeritus Professors 2 Post-doctoral 4 Associate Professors 4 Honorary Research 2 Doctoral 29 Senior Lecturers 5 Associates Masters 29 Lecturers 4 TOTAL 4 Honours 4 Research Staff 11 Undergraduates 1092 Technical Support Staff 20 TOTAL 1158 Administrative and 6 Clerical Staff TOTAL 54

29 RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM CONTRACT STAFF

Dr Susan A. Bourne Senior Lecturer; inclusion chemistry; crystallography; thermal analysis Professor James R. Bull organic synthesis; steroidal hormones; 19-norsteroids; estrogens; bioactive steroids; predictive design; cycloaddition Associate Professor Mino R. Caira solid state chemistry; drug polymorphism; drug pseudopolymorphism; drug-cyclodextrin inclusion; drug complexation; co-crystallization; drug enantiomeric separation Dr Kelly Chibale Lecturer; organic synthesis; medicinal chemistry; tropical medicine Dr Bette Davidowitz Senior Lecturer; chemical education; curriculum design; writing and communication within the discipline Dr Timothy J. Egan Senior Lecturer; chemistry of antimalarial drugs Dr David W. Gammon Senior Lecturer; natural products chemistry; phytochemical studies on medicinal plants; carbohydrates; heterogeneous catalysis of organic reactions Associate Professor Roger Hunter synthesis; indole alkaloids; calixarenes; p-block synthetic methodology Dr Alan T. Hutton Senior Lecturer; advanced materials; liquid crystals; organometallic chemistry; co-ordination chemistry; microwave chemistry; electrochemistry Associate Professor Graham E. Jackson nuclear magnetic resonance; computer modelling; metal-ion equilibria; design of metal containing drugs; copper and rheumatoid arthritis Associate Professor Klaus R. Koch platinum metals chemistry; analytical chemistry of PGMs; co-ordination chemistry; ligand synthesis and design; multinuclear NMR spectroscopy; metal-based anti-cancer compounds; nano-materials; polymeric metal sorbents Professor John R. Moss Head of Department; organometallic chemistry; catalysis; inorganic chemistry; synthesis and properties of new materials Dr Kevin J. Naidoo Lecturer; computational chemistry; polymers; statistical physics; pharmaceutical drug design Professor Luigi R. Nassimbeni physical chemistry; thermal analysis; kinetics; inclusion compounds Dr Neil Ravenscroft Lecturer; physicochemical analysis of biologicals; carbohydrates; glycoconjugate and protein vaccines Professor Allen L. Rodgers kidney stones; urine chemistry; calcium oxalate crystallization Dr Eugene Sickle Lecturer; organic synthesis with applications in medicinal chemistry

HONORARY RESEARCH ASSOCIATES

Dr David J. Robinson platinum group metal chemistry, hydrometallurgy, analytical chemistry, technology development, separation sciences Professor Peter E. Spargo history of chemistry

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

Professor Reuben Simoyi

30 Department of Chemistry, University of West Virginia, USA – spectroscopy; kinetics Professor Sandile P. Songca Department of Chemistry, University of Transkei, South Africa - photodynamic anti-cancer compounds

EMERITUS PROFESSORS

Professor Peter W. Linder solution equilibria of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes Professor Alistair Stephen carbohydrate chemistry

POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWS

Dr P. Beagley metal complexes as antimalarial drugs Dr J. Dauvergne combinatorial chemistry and parallel synthesis Dr O Helmer organic synthesis Dr G.Klatt co-ordination and computational chemistry Dr C Nkambule synthesis of mycothiol analogues Dr F. Ulgieri design and synthesis of antibiotics as enzyme inhibitors

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Ates-Alagoz, Z., Suzen, S., Buyukbingol, E. & Caira, M.R. 2000. Synthesis and structure of 2-[(5,6,7,8- tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalene]-5-benzimidazole ethylcarboxylate monohydrate. Journal of Chemical Crystallography 30:103-107. Bacsa, J. & Boeyens, J.C.A. 2000. Molecular modelling of dimetal systems Part 4. Dirhenium bonds. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 596:159-164. Basca, J., Caira, M.R., Jacobs, A., Nassimbeni, L.R. & Toda, F. 2000. Complextion with diol host compounds. Part 33. Inclusion and separation of pyridines by a diol host compound. Crystal Engineering 3: 251-261. Bardotti, A., Ravenscroft, N., D'Ascenzi, S. & Averani, G. 2000. Quantitative determination of saccharide in Haemophilus influenzae type b glycoconjugate vaccines by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Vaccine 18:1982-1993. Barton, B., Caira, M.R., McLeland, C.W. & Taljaard, B. 1999. 14-Hydroxy-14-phenyldibenzo [a,j]xanthene as a lattice host:crystal and molecular structure of its (1:1) complex with diethyl ether. Journal of Chemical Crystallography 29:1179-1186. Barton, B., Caira, M.R., McCleland, C.W. & Taljaard, B. 2000. Synthesis of N,N' -bis(9-phenylxanthen- 9-yl) ethylenediamine and an investigation of its host-guest inclusion potential. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2:865-869. Bettinetti, G., Caira, M.R., Callegari, A., Merli, M., Sorrenti, M. & Tadini, C. 2000. Structure and solid- state chemistry of anhydrous and hydrated crystal forms of the trimethoprim- sulfamethoxypyridazine 1:1 molecular complex. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 89:478-489. Bourne, S.A., Coetzee, A. & Jacobs, A. 2000. Hydrates of thiothixene.2HCl:kinetics of dehydration and crystal structure of the methanol solvate. Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry 36:217-228. Bourne, S.A., He, Z. & Modro, T.A. 2000. Preparation, structure and hydrogen bonding of 1-oxo-1- methoxy- 2,3,11,12-dibenzo-4,7,10-triaza-1λ5 -phosphacyclododecane, a new type of cyclic phosphinic derivative. Journal of Molecular Structure 522:249-253. Brack, B., Gammon, D.W. & Van Steen, E. 2000. Synthesis of resorcinol from meta-phenylenediamine in the presence of zeolites. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A Chemical:154:73-83.

31 Brack, B., Gammon, D.W. & Van Steen, E. 2000. Synthesis of resorcinol from meta-phenylenediamine in the presence of zirconium phosphates. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 41:149-159. Bull, J.R. & de Koning, P.D. 2000. Synthesis and structure-activity studies of 8α- and 9β-analogues of 14,17-ethanoestradiol. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1:1003-1013. Bull, J.R. & de Koning, P.D. 2000. Diels-Alder cycloadditions of 3-methoxy-8α-estra-1,3,5(10),14,16- pentaen-17-yl acetate: Unexpected trends in regioselectivity. Synthesis 1761-1765. Bull, J.R., Gordon, R. & Hunter, R. 2000. Intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of 1-phenylsulfonylalka- 1,2,(ω−3),(ω−1)-tetraenes. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1:3129-3139 Bull, J.R. & Sickle, E.S. 2000. Cycloaddition-mediated strategies for synthesis of perhydrobenzo[14,15]-19-norsteroids. Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions 1: 4476-4487. Caira, M.R. & Dodds, D.R. 2000. Inclusion of non-opiate analgesic drugs in cyclodextrins. II. X-ray structure of a 1:1 β-cyclodextrin-acetaminophen complex. Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry 38:75-84. Caira, M.R., Nassimbeni, L.R., Toda, F. & Vujovic, D. 2000. Inclusion of aminobenzonitrile isomers by a diol host compound: structure and selectivity. Journal of the American Chemical Society 122:9367-9372. Caira, M.R., Nassimbeni, L.R., Vujovic, D. & Toda, F. 2000. Separation of xylenols by inclusion. Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 13:75-79. Campbell, W.E., Nair, J.J., Gammon, D.W., Codina, C., Bastida, J., Viladomat, F., Smith, P.J. & Albrecht, C.F. 2000. Bioactive alkaloids from Brunsvigia radulosa. Phytochemistry 53:587-591. Ceccarini, C., Contorni, M., Constantino, P., D’Ascenzi, S., Gallo, E., Maffei, M., Mannucci, D., Marsili, I., Magagnoli, C., Peppoloni, S., Rappuoli, R., Ravenscroft, N. & Ricci, S. 2000. Physiochemical characterisation of the pertussis vaccine. Development in Biologicals 103:175- 188. Chibale, K., Moss, J.R., Blackie, M., van Schalkwyk, D. & Smith, P.J. 2000. New amine and urea analogs of ferrochloroquine: synthesis, antimalarial activity in vitro and electrochemical studies. Tetrahedron Letters 41:6231-6235. Chibale, K., Visser, M., Yardley, V., Croft, S.L. & Fairlamb, A.H. 2000. Synthesis and evaluation of 9,9-dimethylxanthene tricyclics against trypanothione reductase, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 10:1147-1150. Cromhout, N.L. & Hutton, A.T. 2000. Photochromic long-chain organomercury(II) dithizonate complexes in the azomethine series. Applied Organometallic Chemistry 14:66-74. Cromhout, N.L. & Hutton, A.T. 2000. Photochromic long-chain organomercury(II) dithizonates in the biphenyl series. Journal of Coordination Chemistry 52:169-183. Egan, T.J., Hunter, R., Kaschula, C.H., Marques, H.M., Misplon, A. & Walden, J. 2000. Structure– function relationships in aminoquinolines:effect of amino and chloro groups on quinoline- hematin complex formation, inhibition of β-hematin formation, and antiplasmodial activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 43:283-291. Elsworth, J.F. & Eddleton, J. 2000. Entertaining chemistry - two colourful reactions. Journal of Chemical Education 77:484-485. Gamian, A., Jones, C., Lipinski, T., Korzeniowska-Kowal, A. & Ravenscroft, N. 2000. Structure of the sialic acid-containing O-specific polysaccharide from Salmonella enterica serovar Toucra O48 lipopolysaccharide. European Journal of Biochemistry 267:3160-3166. Hunter, R. & Richards, P. 2000. Stereoselective tetrahydropyrido[2,1-a]isoindolone synthesis via carbanionic and radical intermediates: a model study for the Tacaman alkaloid D/E ring fusion. Tetrahedron Letters 41:3755-3758. Jackson, G.E., Mhkonta-Gama, L., Voyé, A. & Kelly, M. 2000. Design of copper-based anti- inflammatory drugs. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 79:147-152. López, C., Claramunt, R.M., Bourne, S.A. & Elguero, J. 1999. 1D- and 2D-networks based on bis-and tris-(2-benzimidazol-1-yl)methanes. Crystal Engineering 2:197-213. Makgatho, M.E., Anderson, R., O’Sullivan, J.F., Egan, T.J., Freese, J.A., Cornelius, N. & van Rensburg, C.E.J. 2000. Tetramethylpiperidine-substituted phenazines as novel anti-plasmodial agents. Drug Development Research 50:195-202. Mavunkal, I.J., Moss, J.R. & Bacsa, J. 2000. Synthesis and characterization of a first generation organorhenium dendrimer. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 593-594:361-368. Nair, M.M., Jackson, G.E. & Gäde, G. 2000. NMR study of insect adipokinetic hormones. Spectroscopy Letters 33:875-891.

32 Nassimbeni, L.R. & Su, H. 2000. Inclusion compounds of alkaline-earth metal 0,0' -dibenzoyl tatrates:structure and thermal stability. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions 349- 352. Nassimbeni, L.R. & Su, H. 2000. Controlled host:guest ratio in an inclusion compound. Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 13:368-371. Overett, M.J., Hill, R.O. & Moss, J.R. 2000. Organometallic chemistry and surface science: mechanistic models for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 206-207: 581-605. Pathak, D.D., Hutton, A.T., Hyde, J., Walkden, A. & White, C. 2000. Chiral sandwich compounds of 5 ruthenium(II) and (IV): X-ray crystal structure of [Ru{η -C5H4(neomenthyl)}2I]I3. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 606:188-196. Ravenscoft, N. & Jones, C. 2000. Glycoconjugate vaccines. Current Opinion in Drug Discovery & Development 3:222-231. Ravenscroft, N., D’Ascenzi, S., Proietti, D., Norelli, F. & Costantino, P. 2000. Physicochemical characterisation of the oligosaccharide-component of vaccines. Developments in Biologicals 103:35-47. Rodgers, A. 1999. Aspects of calcium oxalate crystallization:theory, in vitro studies, and in vivo implementation. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 10:S351-S354.

BOOKS

Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) 2000. Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town: 1-868. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Caira, M.R. 2000. Crystallization: polymorphism. In Wilson, I.D., Adlard, E.R., Cooke, M. & Poole, C.F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Separation Science 3:975-985. London: Academic Press. Churms, S.C. 2000. Sugar Derivatives: chromatography. In Wilson, I.D., Adlard, E.R., Cooke, M. & Poole, C.F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Separation Science 3: 4267-4285. London: Academic Press.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Allie, S. & Rodgers, A.L. 2000. Does the ingestion of a health supplement containing three inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystallization reduce the risk of kidney stone formation? In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town, 323-324. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Caira, M.R., Bourne, S.A. & Mvula, E. 1998. Thermoanalytical study of the dehydration of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of clofibric acid. In Kristof, J. & Novak, C.S. (eds) Proceedings of the 7th European Symposium on Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Balatonfüred 3:1329-1334. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado. Craig, T-A., Rodgers, A.L. & Brandt, W. 2000. Comparison of Tamm Horsfall mucoprotein (THM) in normal and stone-forming caucasian and african males in South Africa. In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town, 119-120. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Durrbaum, D., Rodgers, A.L., Schwager, S.L.U. & Sturrock, E.D. 2000. Characterisation and preliminary inhibitory study of urinary prothrombin fragment 1 (UPTF1) from two population groups in South Africa. In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town, 153-155. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Hibbert, B.E., Bramley, A.S. & Rodgers, A.L. 2000. Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystallisation kinetics - extracting rates and simulating changes in the particle size distribution. In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town, 70-72. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Hibbert, B.E. & Rodgers, A.L. 2000. Effect of some trace metals, citrate and citrate analogues on the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate monohydrate seed crystals in vitro. In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of

33 the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town,113-115. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Jappie, D. & Rodgers, A.L. 2000. Effect of chondroitin sulfate and Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein on calcium oxalate crystallization using a mini-crystallizer MSMPR system. In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town, 55-56. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Jappie, D. & Rodgers, A.L. 2000. Determination of the optimum number of subjects required for pooling of urines: Statistical approach. In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town, 92. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Lewandowski, S., Rodgers, A.L. & Schloss, I. 2000. The influence of a high oxalate diet on the risk of calcium oxalate renal stone formation in healthy black and white South Africans. In Rodgers, A.L., Hibbert, B.E., Hess, B., Khan, S.R. & Preminger, G.M. (eds) Urolithiasis 2000. Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Urolithiasis, Cape Town, 300-301. Rondebosch: University of Cape Town. Ravenscroft, N. 2000. The application of NMR spectroscopy to track the industrial preparation of polysaccharide and derived conjugate vaccines. PHARMEUROPA Special Issue, BIO-2000: 131-144. Strasbourg, France: European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Bacsa, J. & Nassimbeni, L.R. 2000. An investigation of crystal structures and thermal behaviour of the adducts 2,2'-bipyridine with 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl and 4,4'-bipyridine with 2,2'-bis(p- hydroxyphenyl)propane and water. Poster presented at 19th European Crystallographic Meeting, Nancy, France. Beagley, P., Hutton, A.T., Moss, J.R. & Starr, E.J. 2000. Angular (cis-stilbazole) geometry confirmed in octahedral platinum(IV) liquid crystals: X-ray structure of th [PtMe2I2(NC5H4CH=CHC6H4OC7H15)2]. Poster (P347) presented at the 34 International Conference on Coordination Chemistry, Edinburgh, Scotland. Beigley, J.R. & Hutton, A.T. 2000. Wax – an ancient polymer. Poster presented at the 3rd Annual UNESCO School & IUPAC Conference on Macromolecules & Materials Science, Stellenbosch, South Africa. Bogdan, M., Farcas, S.I. & Caira, M.R. 2000. Studiul complecsilor de incluzione ai β-ciclodextrinei cu unii fenamati in solutie apoasa, prin RMN. Poster presented at the XXVIth Roumanian National Chemistry Scientific Session, Valcea, Romania. Brack, B., Gammon, D.W., O’Connor, C.T., Moon, G. & van Steen, E. 2000. Heterogeneous catalysis in value addition to phenols. Presentation at the Workshop on Catalyst Heterogenization for Basic and Fine Chemicals, Ostend, Belgium. Bull, J.R. 2000. Predictive design and chance in drug discovery: the estrogen story. Warren commemorative lecture presented at the Warren Conference, Warmbaths, South Africa. Bull, J.R. 2000. Conformational and rotational analogues of estradiol. Invited lecture presented at the International Symposium on Trends in Medicinal Chemistry and Biocatalysis, New Dehli, India. Bull, J.R. 2000. Design and synthesis of high affinity probes for the estradiol receptor. Invited lecture presented at the 5th IUPAC International Symposium on Bio-organic Chemistry, Pune. Bull, J.R. 2000. Towards enantiocontrolled intramolecular reactions mediated by axially chiral precursors. Paper presented at the 19th International Symposium on Organic Chemistry of Sulfur, Sheffield, United Kingdom. Caira, M.R. 2000. On the isostructurality of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and its practical utility. Plenary lecture presented at the XXVIth Roumanian National Chemistry Scientific Session, Valcea, Romania. Caira, M.R. 2000. Structural features of crystalline cyclodextrin-drug inclusion complexes determined from single crystal and powder X-ray studies. Invited lecture OP-3 presented at the 6th International Symposium on Pharmaceutical Sciences (ISOPS-5), Ankara, Turkey. Caira, M.R., Nassimbeni, L.R. & de Vries, E.J.C. 2000. Inclusion of Paraben molecules in β- cyclodextrin. Poster presented at the 21st Annual Congress of the Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Grahamstown, South Africa. Dauvergne, J., Chibale, K. & Wyatt, P.J. 2000. Preparation of libraries of triazolopyrimidinesulfonanilides as potential anti-TB agents. Presentation at the Glaxo Wellcome Action TB Meeting, Glaxo Wellcome Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, United Kingdom.

34 Davidowitz, B., Craig, T.-A. & Rollnick, M. 2000. The competency tripod project. Round table at the 8th Annual Conference of the Southern African Association for Research in Mathematics and Science Education, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Davidowitz, B. & Rollnick, M. 2000. “I thought it was a brilliant idea” – flow diagrams as a learning tool. Paper presented in a symposium on Designing Effective Learning Strategies, 16th International Conference on Chemical Education, Budapest, Hungary. Davidowitz, B. & Rollnick, M. 2000. “I thought it was a brilliant idea” – flow diagrams as a learning tool. Paper presented at the 1st National Science & Technology Education Conference, Cape Town. Dyosi, Z., Jackson, G.E. & Abrahams, R.J. 2000. Prediction of proton and carbon chemical shifts of alkaloids. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Hallele, O., Koch, K.R., Bourne, S. & Miller, J. 2000. Self-assembly of planar 2,2- and 3,3- metallamacrocyclic complexes of bipodal N,N,N’,N’-tetraalkyl-1,1’-phenylene-bis(thioureas) with d8 metal ions. Building blocks for 3-dimensional molecular arrays. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Hill, G.C., Chaudhuri, M., Olson, M. & Chibale, K. 2000. Molecular and biochemical properties of the trypanosome alternative oxidase: a potential target for trypanocidal drugs. Presentation at the International Symposium on Health Disparities, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Jackson, G.E. 2000. NMR and molecular dynamic study of neuropeptides: a comparison between calculation and experiment. Paper presented at Ampere 2000, Lisbon, Portugal. Kilkenny, M. & Nassimbeni, L.R. 2000. Werner clathrates: a new polymeric inclusion compound. Poster presented at the 19th European Crystallography Meeting, Nancy, France. Klatt, G., Lienke, A., Naidoo, K.J. & Koch, K.R. 2000. Modelling platinum group metal complexes in aqueous solution. Paper presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Lubben, F., Davidowitz, B. & Rollnick, M. 2000. Undergraduate engineering and science students’ understanding of the reliability of chemical data. Paper presented at the 8th Annual Conference of the Southern African Association for Research in Mathematics and Science Education, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Mautjana, N.A. & Koch, K.R. 2000. The determination of traces of Pt, Pd and Rh after complexation with N,N-dialkyl-N’-acylthioureas by means of RP-HPLC. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Mlilo, T., Jackson, G.E. & Day, J. 2000. Chromium toxicology: an investigation into the effects of speciation on chromium toxicity. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Moss, J.R., Chibale, K., Blackie, M. & Beagley, P. 2000. Metal complexes as anti-parasitic drugs. Paper presented at the 34th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry, Abstract No. 1170, Edinburgh, Scotland. Mtongana, S. & Koch, K.R. 2000. A multinuclear (13C, 31P and 195Pt) magnetic resonance study of mixed ligand platinum complexes with new N,N-dialkyl-N’-acylthioureas and N,N-dialkyl-N’- aroylthioureas as ligands. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Naidoo, K.J., Best, R.B. & Jackson, G.E. 2000. Motional properties of α(1-4) and α(1-6) linkages from NMR and computer simulations. Paper presented at the 220th Annual Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Washington DC, United States of America. Naidoo, K.J. & Kuttel, M. 2000. Towards realistic primary alcohol rotation in carbohydrate models. Poster presented at the 20th International Carbohydrate Symposium, Hamburg, Germany. Naidoo, K.J. & Kuttel, M. 2000. Towards realistic primary alcohol rotation in carbohydrate models. Poster presented at the International Workshop on Methods for Macromolecular Modelling, New York City. Naidoo, K.J. & Simpson, S.C. 2000. The 3D structure of dendrimers in vacuum and solution. Poster presented at the Materials Modelling Meeting, Pietersburg, South Africa. Naidoo, K.J. & Simpson, S.C. 2000. Predicting the shape of dendritic molecules. Paper presented at the Computational Collaborative Project Annual Summer School, UMIST, Manchester, United Kingdom. Nassimbeni, L.R. 2000. Physico-chemical aspects of inclusion compounds. Paper presented at Indaba III, Skukuza, South Africa. Nassimbeni, L.R. & Su, H. 2000. Controlled host:guest ratio in inclusion compounds. Poster presented at the 19th European Crystallographic Meeting, Nancy, France.

35 Nassimbeni, L.R. & Weber, E. 2000. Structure and reactivity of supramolecular compounds: mise en scene. Paper presented at the 19th European Crystallographic Meeting, Nancy, France. Ncokazi, K.K., Egan, T.J. & Mavuso, W.W. 2000. Investigation of the thermodynamic interaction of antimalarial drugs with haematin in different solvent systems. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Oliver, C.L., Caira, M.R. & Bourne, S.A. 2000. Polymorphism of the bronchodilator tulobuterol. Poster presented at the 21st Annual Congress of the Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Grahamstown, South Africa. Overett, M.J. & Moss, J.R. 2000. New transition metal functionalised carbosilane dendrimers. Poster (P21) presented at Trends in Transition Metal Chemistry: Towards the Third Millennium. A symposium in honour of Fausto Calderazzo, Pisa, Italy. Rajput, J., Imrie, C., Moss, J.R. & Hutton, A.T. 2000. Preparation and properties of conjugated ferrocene-containing ligand systems. Poster (P786) presented at the 34th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry, Edinburgh, Scotland. Ravenscroft, N., Averani, G., Bardotti, A., Bartoloni, A., D’Ascenzi, S., Giannozzi, A., Norelli, F., Proietti, D., Ricci, S. & Costantino, P. 2000. Development of a conjugate vaccine against meningococcal type A bacteria: physicochemical characterization of the oligosaccharide component. Invited paper presented at the 20th International Carbohydrate Symposium, Hamburg, Germany. Simpson, S.C., Moss, J.R. & Naidoo, K.J. 2000. Supercatalysis: a computational study. Paper presented at the SASOL Technology Symposium 2000, Johannesburg. Stone, S., Jackson, G. & Naidoo, K. 2000. Conformational studies of Tetragastrin. Paper presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Swan, P.L., Egan, T.J. & Koch, K.R. 2000. Potential antimalarial properties of mixed ligand, water soluble platinum(II) complexes. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. van Tonder, E.C., de Villiers, M.M., Liebenberg, W., Caira, M.R. & Lötter, A.P. 2000. Stability of pseudopolymorphs and anhydrate of Niclosamide. Poster presented at the 21st Annual Congress of the Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Grahamstown, South Africa. Waggie, F., Mapolie, S.F. & Moss, J.R. 2000. New supports for homogeneous metallocene catalysts for ethylene polymerisation. Poster presented at the 35th Convention of the South African Chemical Institute, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Wilkenhöner, U., Gammon, D.W. & van Steen, E. 2000. Kinetics and diffusion in aromatic hydroxylations with TS-1. Paper presented at the Leuven Summer School on Catalysis: from Monophase to Multiphase Catalysis, Ostend.

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Best, R. 2000. Developing computational methods for the theoretical prediction of T1 and T2 13C NMR relaxation of branched saccharides:1-177. M.Sc. dissertation (with distinction), University of Cape Town. Clayton, H.S. 2000. The synthesis, characterization and reactivity of alpha olefin complexes of iron of 2 + the type [CpFe(CO)2(η -CH2=CHR)] :1-170. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Gordon, R.S. 2000. Intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of conformationally restricted systems:1-191. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Hearshaw, M.A. 2000. The synthesis, structure and chemistry of some novel organometallic dendrimers:1-200. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Miller, J.D. 2000. Synthesis of N-alkyl and N,N-dialkyl-N’-acyl and N’-aroylthioureas, and aspects of their coordination chemistry with Pt(II) and Pd(II):1-256. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Mkonta-Gama, L. 2000. The chemical speciation of potential dermally-absorbed copper-based anti- inflammatory drugs:1-133. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Mshicileli, N. 2000. Modification of aspirin derivative by coordination to iron and manganese:1-112. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Smith, B.P. 2000. Cycloaddition-fragmentation methodology in steroidal hormone design:1-102. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Sundquist, L.P. 2000. Analysis of platinum, palladium and rhodium at trace concentrations in lead using the time resolved spark emission technique called SAFT:1-105. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town.

36 UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS

Bull, J.R. 2000. Preface to Special Topic Issue on Green Chemistry. Pure and Applied Chemistry 72:v- vi. Bull, J.R. 2000. The Special Topics Project. Pure and Applied Chemistry 72:105-107. le Roux, T., Nassimbeni, L.R. & Caira, M.R. 2000. Inclusion chemistry of a diol host:1-62. Honours Research Report, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town. Lesenyeho, L.G., Hunter, R. & Egan, T.J. 2000. Synthesis of new potential antimalarial drug:1-30. Honours Research Report, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town. Mabotha, T.E., Caira, M.R. & Hunter, R. 2000. Supramolecular inclusion chemistry of garlic-based products: application to HIV chemotherapy:1-51. Honours Research Report, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town. Yeh, S., Chibale, K. & Smith, P.J. 2000. Reversing chloroquine resistance in malaria: piperazine- containing xanthene derivatives as potential chloroquine potentiating agents:1-48. Honours Research Report, Department of Pharmacology, University of Cape Town. Wu, C.-P., Chibale, K. & Smith, P.J. 2000. Reversing chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum: comparison of resistance reversal properties of amide, amine, sulphonamide and urea derivatives based on the xanthene moiety:1-51. Honours Research Report, Department of Pharmacology, University of Cape Town.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

Professor. J.R. Bull was the special topic editor of Pure and Applied Chemistry (see Nanostructured Systems, Pure and Applied Chemistry 72:1-331 and Green Chemistry, Pure and Applied Chemistry 72:1207-1403). He was also a contributor and participant in the IUPAC Strategy Round Table on ‘Representations of Molecular Structure: Nomenclature and its Alternatives’ held at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington. Dr A.T. Hutton is a consultant to Amplats on applications of microwave technology to chemical problems, and to Schümann-Sasol on the oxidation of waxes. He is a Titular Member of the IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, and he participated in a Commission meeting in Dublin, Ireland.

37

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Professor Kenneth MacGregor

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Computer Science University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2663 Fax: SA (21) 689-9465 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.cs.uct.ac.za

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The research activities in the Department are informally organized into three research laboratories. These are: Collaborative Visual Computing (coordinator: Associate Professor Edwin Blake), Data Network Architectures (coordinator: Professor Pieter Kritzinger), and Databases (coordinator: Associate Professor Sonia Berman). Researchers in these laboratories cooperate on major research projects. Currently three such projects are funded by the National Research Foundation (NRF) under its Competitive Industry Programme in the Information Technology and Telecommunications section. The projects are in cooperative data visualization, formal methods and ATM networks, and persistent object systems. The Department also attracts substantial other industrial and foreign funds. The Contemporary African Music and Arts (CAMA) archive, a multi-media database for the arts and vernacular culture, is hosted by the Department. Together with UWC and others at UCT, the Department is supported by Telkom, Siemens and THRIP (the Technology and Human Resources for Industry Programme) as a Centre of Excellence in ATM and broadband networks and their applications.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT STAFF STUDENTS

Professors 2 Doctoral 4 Associate Professors 2 Masters 26 Senior Lecturers 4 Honours 19 Lecturers 2 Undergraduate 1205 Technical Support Staff 2 TOTAL 1254 Administrative and Clerical Staff 4 TOTAL 16

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor Kenneth MacGregor Head of Department; client server; object technology Professor Pieter Kritzinger design, specification, analysis and implementation of discrete, reactive systems

38 Associate Professor Edwin Blake human-computer interaction cooperative visualization; computer graphics Associate Professor Sonia Berman Senior Lecturer; databases; conceptual modelling; persistent programming languages; object- oriented databases Dr Mike Linck Senior Lecturer; parallel processing and software development to aid the educational process; neural networks Mr Donald Cook Lecturer; computer-supported education; computer-supported collaborative work Ms Katherine Malan Lecturer; computer science academic development; information visualization; geographic information systems Dr Patrick Marais Senior Lecturer; image compression; shape representation; image segmentation; medical imaging Dr Gary Marsden Senior Lecturer; human computer interaction, visual programming languages and mobile computing applications Dr James Gain Senior Lecturer; computer graphics, virtual reality; human computer interaction

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Blake, E., Casanueva, J. & Nunez, F. 2000. Presence as a means for understanding user behaviour in virtual environments. South African Computer Journal 26:247-251. Special Issue on SAICSIT- 2000. Casanueva, J. & Blake, E. 2000. Small group collaboration and presence in a virtual environment. South African Computer Journal 26:163-171. Special Issue on SAICSIT-2000 conference. Jones, M., Marsden, G., Mohd-Nasir, N. & Boone, K. 2000. Improving web interaction in small screen displays. Computer Networks 31: 1129-1137. (Reprinted from Proc. 8th WWW conference). Knottenbelt, W.J., Harrison, P.G., Mertern, M.A. & Kritzinger, P.S. 2000. A probabilistic dynamic technique for the distributed generation of very large state spaces 39: 127-148. Marais, P. & Brady, J.M. 2000. Detecting the brain surface in sparse MRI using boundary models. Medical Image Analysis 4(3): 283-302. Marsden, G. & Thimbleby, H. 2000. Holistic programming environments. South African Computer Journal 26: 237-241. Mason, E.W. & Blake, E. H. 2000. A graphical representation of the state spaces of hierarchical level of detail scene descriptions. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Azbel, I. & Berman, S. 2000. An epistemic model as the basis for a corporate memory. INAP 2000, 13th international conference on applications of Prolog, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, 71-76. Casanueva, J. & Blake, E. 2000. The effects of group collaboration on presence in a collaborative virtual environment. In Mulder, J.D. & Van Liere, R. (eds) Virtual Environments 2000: 85-94. Vienna: Springer Eurographics. Proceedings of the Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Virtual Environments, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Johns, D., Nunez, F., Blake, E., Sellars, D. & Daya, M. 2000. The interaction of immersive tendencies of individuals with the sensation of presence in a virtual environment. In Mulder, J.D. & Van Liere, R. (eds) Vitual Environments 2000: 65-74, Vienna, Springer Eurographics. Proceedings of the Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Virtual Environments, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Nelte, M. & Hutchison, A.C.M. 2000. Enhancing the security of E-Commerce with fingerprint technology while preserving provacy. 4th International conference on security in information systems (SIS2000) Zurich, Switzerland. Nunez, F. & Blake, E. 2000. Vissh: A data visualization spreadsheet. In de Leeuw, W. & van Liere, R. (eds) Data Visualization 2000: 209-218. Vienna: Springer Eurographics. Springer. Proceedings Second Joint Eurographics-IEEE TVCG Symposium on Visualization, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

39 Saul, E. & Hutchison, A.C.M. 2000. A generic graphical specification environment for security protocol modeling. Proceedings of the 15th intenational conference on information security. Voges, E. & Berman, S. 2000. A spatiotemporal model as the basis for a persistent GIS. Ninth international workshop on persistent object systems, Lillehammer, Norway, 26-36. Voges, E. & Berman, S. 2000. An object architecture for spattiotemporal systems. International workshop on emerging technologies for geo-based applicatins, Ascona, Switzerland, 215-232. Welz, M.G. & Hutchison, A.C.M. 2000. IDS/A: An interface between intrusion detection system and application. Presented at the third international workshop on the recent advances in intrusion detention, Toulouse.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Burford, D. & Blake, E. 2000. Real-time facial animation for avatars in collaborative virtual environments. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC'00), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Casanueva, J. & Blake, E. 2000. Small group experiments in collaborative virtual environments. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC'00), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Davies, I. & Kritzinger, P.S. 2000. On state space generation from concurrent communicating system models. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC’00) (CD ROM), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Jones, M., Buchanan, G., Marsden, G. & Thimbleby, H. 2000. User interfaces for mobile web devices. Position paper for W9 Mobile Workshop. Marsden, G., Thimbleby, H., Jones, M. & Gillary, P. 2000. Successful user interface design from efficient computer algorithms. CHI 2000 Extended Abstracts, 181. Nelte, M. & Hutchison, A.C.M. 2000. Investigating the viability of distributed fingerprint storage to Preserve privacy. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC’00) (CD ROM), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Saul, E. & Hutchison, A.C.M. 2000. Two environments which facilitate security protocol modelling and analysis. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC’00) (CD ROM), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Saul, E. & Hutchison, A.C.M. 2000. A graphical environment for the facilitation of logic-based security protocol analysis. SAICSIT’00, Cape Town, South Africa. Shearman, A., Lifson, F., Gwena, T. & Kritzinger, P.S. 2000. Knowledge based error diagnosis in mobile networks. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and applications Conference (SATNAC’00) (CD ROM), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Southern, R., Blake, E. & Marais, P. 2000. Gems: a generic implementation for memoryless polygonal simplification. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and Aplications Conference (SATNAC'00), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Thimbleby, H., Jones, M. & Marsden, G. 2000. Empowering consumers with usability certificates. Adjunct proceedings HCI2000, Sunderland, UK. Walters, L. & Kritzinger, P.S. 2000. Traffic modelling for mobile communication networks. Proceedings of the 3rd South African Telecommunications, Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC’00) (CD ROM), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Wong, B. & Marsden, G. 2000. Using access information in the dynamic Visualisation of web sites. Proceedings SATNAC 2000 (CDROM).

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Mason, A. 2000. Predictive Hierarchical level of detail optimisation. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Nelte, M. 2000. Distributed authentication to preserve privacy through Smart Card based biometric matching: 1-166. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Nunez, F. 2000. An extended spreadsheet paradigm for data visualisation systems, and its implementation. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Marsden, G. 2000. My brilliant movie career. Mail & Guardian PC Review section. April 2000. Saul, E. & Nelte, M. 2000. Cookies: Weaving the web into a state. ACM Crossroads student magazine.

40 Walters, L.O. & Kritzinger, P.S. 2000. Cellular networks: past, present and future. ACM Crossroads student magazine.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS

Burford, D. & Blake, E. 2000. Real-time facial animation for avatars in collaborative virtual environments: 1-8. Technical Report CS00-16-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Casanueva, J. & Blake, E. 2000. Presence in a distributed virtual environment: 1- 8. Technical Report CS00-04-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Casanueva, J. & Blake, E. 2000. Presence and co-presence in collaborative virtual environments: 1-8. Technical Report CS00-06-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Casanueva, J. & Blake, E. 2000. The effects of group collaboration on presence in a collaborative virtual environment: 1- 9. Technical Report CS00-07-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Casanueva, J. & Blake, E. 2000. Small group experiments in collaborative virtual environments: 1- 11. Technical Report CS00-17-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Daniels, M., Lee, P., Lo, Y. & Marsden, G. 2000. Gadget interface design and optimisation tool. Technical Report CS00-21-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Davies, I. & Kritzinger, P. 2000. Symbolic methods for the performance analysis of state-transition systems: 1- 15. Technical Report CS00-01-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town Feng, J. & Blake, E. 2000. Visualization of ATM virtual path connection networks: 1- 4. Technical Report CS00-19-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Green, P., Harley, R., Lousse, A. & Marais, P. 2000. Avian demography visualisation: 1-8. Technical Report CS00-20-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Hamza, S., Lesoana, M., Jones, N. & Blake, E. 2000. Virtual reality exposure therapy for needlephobia – does it invoke an anxiety response?: 1- 11. Technical Report CS00-24-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Hendricks, Z., Tangkuampien, J. & Malan, K. 2000. Virtual galleries: is 3D better?: 1- 8. Technical Report CS00-25-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Lawrence, T. & Kritzinger, P. 2000. Markov chain analysis using multi-terminal binary decision diagrams: 1-12. Technical Report CS00-27-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Muller, A., Perkins, S., Steyn, B., Southern, R. & Marais, P. 2000. View dependent refinement using progressive meshes: 1-11. Technical Report CS00-22-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Nakene, M., Lekala, M. & Linck, M. 2000. Requirements analysis for a web-based system for information about UCT’s science degree programmes: 1-9. Technical Report CS00-26-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Saal, O. & Blake, E. 2000. Visualisation of ATM network connectivity and topology: 1-11. Technical Report CS00-13-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Saal, O. & Blake, E. 2000. Engineering effective visual metaphors for ATM management applications: 1- 9. Technical Report CS00-14-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Saul, E. & Hutchison, A. 2000. Extensions to GNY logic to facilitate the analysis of security protocols containing digital signatures and certificates: 1- 20. Technical Report CS00-02-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Saul, E. & Hutchison, A. 2000. Generic graphical specification environment for security protocol modelling: 1-7. Technical Report CS00-03-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Shearman, A., Lifson, T. & Kritzinger, P. 2000. Knowledge based error diagnosis in mobile networks: 1- 12. Technical Report CS00-23-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Southern, R., Blake, E. & Marais, P. 2000. GeMS: Generic memoryless polygonal simplification: 1- 10. Technical Report CS00-10-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Southern, R., Marais, P. & Blake, E. 2000. Wavelets for multi-resolution analysis of triangular surface meshes: 1- 8. Technical Report CS00-11-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town.

41 Southern, R., Steyn, B., Marais, P., Perkins, S., Muller, A. & Blake, E. 2000. A stateless client for progressive view-dependent transmission: 1- 13. Technical Report CS00-28-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Walters, L. & Kritzinger, P. 2000. Cellular networks: past, present and future: 1- 13. Technical Report CS00-04-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Wong, B. & Marsden, G. 2000. Perceptual refinement for hierarchial radiosity: 1- 11. Technical Report CS00-08-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Wong, B. & Marsden, G. 2000. An extension to optic flow analysis for the generation of computer animated images: 1- 8. Technical Report CS00-09-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town. Wong, B. & Marsden, G. 2000. Using access information in the dynamic visualisation of web sites: 1 - 11. Technical Report CS00-18-00. Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town.

42

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE (Including the Environmental Evaluation Unit and the Disaster Mitigation for Sustainable Livelihood Project)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Professor Richard Fuggle

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Environmental and Geographical Science University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2873/4 Fax: SA (21) 650-3791 Email: [email protected] Web address: www.egs.uct.ac.za

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The interaction between humans and their environment and the variability of this environment is a common theme in the department's research initiatives. Details of the particular foci are given below. The department has ongoing research initiatives with numerous overseas institutions. These include: the Centre of Earth Sciences of the University of Pennsylvania; the University of Iowa, the University of British Columbia, the University of Melbourne, the University of Northern British Columbia, Oregon State University, the Department of African Studies of the University of Mainz; the Departments of Geography at the University of Brighton, University of Sheffield and the University of Oxford in the UK; the Departments of Geography at the University of Paris X Nanterre and the University of Paris IV Sorbonne in France. There are also links with the United Kingdom Meteorological Office, the Scripps Oceanographic Institute in California and the CSIRO Atmospheric Research and Marine Research in Australia.

The Environmental Evaluation Unit offers professional environmental training, research and management services. The Unit offers short courses in environmental management. The EIA projects are many and varied and are listed under Unpublished Research/Technical/Policy Documents.

The Disaster Mitigation for Sustainable Livelihoods Programme (DiMP) has been active at UCT since 1998. DiMP undertakes a diverse suite of activities, including focused disaster risk research into small, medium and large disasters in the Cape Metropolitan Area. It also is the secretariat for a southern African disaster risk reduction network called ‘Periperi” (partners enhancing resilience to people exposed to risks).

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG HONORARY STAFF STUDENTS TERM CONTRACT STAFF Professors 1 Honorary Research Fellow 1 Post-doctoral 3 Associate Professors 3 TOTAL 1 Doctoral 9 Senior Lecturers 2 Masters 34 Lecturers 6 Honours 30 Research Staff 18 Undergraduate 445 Technical Support Staff 3 TOTAL 521 Administrative and 6 Clerical Staff TOTAL 39 43 43 RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Ms Shirley Butcher Lecturer; geographic information systems (GIS) Dr Neil Dewar Senior Lecturer; regional development; urban studies Professor Richard Fuggle Head of Department; integrated environmental management; environmental quality assurance Associate Professor Bruce Hewitson atmospheric science; climatology Mr Richard Hill Lecturer; environmental management Dr Peter Holmes Lecturer; geomorphology Associate Professor Mike Meadows Quaternary environmental change Associate Professor Sue Parnell urban studies; historical geography Dr Chris Reason Senior Lecturer; atmospheric science; oceanography Mr Kevin Winter Lecturer; geography education

LONG TERM CONTRACT STAFF

Mr A Barbour integrated environmental management; environmental economics Ms Janet Bodenstein integrated environmental management; environmental quality assurance Dr Ailsa Holloway disaster research and advocacy Dr Debbie Hudson Lecturer; climatology Mr Darryll Kilian integrated environmental management; environmental policy; social impact assessment Ms. Christina Nomdo risk reduction research; training and information dissemination Dr Sophie Oldfield Lecturer; political and economic geography Dr Merle Sowman community participation; coastal zone management; Local Agenda 21

CONTRACT RESEARCH STAFF

Mr Lynton Burger environmental policy development; integrated environmental management Ms Loni Drager environmental policy development Ms Vana Gulliver Quaternary palaeoecology Mrs Razia Jeebhay integrated environmental management Mr Peter Johnston CSAG project manager Mr Patrick Kulati capacity building LA21 Miss Lynette Kruger integrated environmental management; environmental policy; ecological assessment

44 Miss Kerryn McKune risk reduction research Mr Rashaad Samaai integrated environmental management; community participation Ms Aah Sekhesa capacity building and training LA21 Ms Babsi Sidzumo development of environmental policy and community guidelines Miss Portia Tsolekile capacity building LA21 Mr Monwa Vumazonke risk reduction research

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

Professor William Anderson Disaster Management Facility, World Bank, Washington D.C., United States Professor Costas A. Cassios Director Greek EIA Center, Geography and Regional Planning, National Technical University, Athens; integrated environmental management Dr Robert Crane Earth System Science Center, Pennsylvania State University, USA; climate change; climate downscaling; self organizing maps; neural nets Professor Prem Jain Department of Physics, University of Zambia; physics Professor Greg Knight Director of Center for Regional Assessment, Pennsylvania State University, USA; impact assessment Professor Dennis Mileti Natural Hazards Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States

POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWS

Dr Mark Tadross CSAG. climate modelling; seasonal forecasting Dr D. Jagadeesh CSAG climate modelling; regional climate models; downscaling Dr D. Collins CSAG climate modelling; ocean-atmosphere interactions

HONORARY RESEARCH ASSOCIATE

Dr D. M. Avery South African Museum; palaeoecology

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Ansell, T., Reason, C.J.C. & Meyers, G. 2000. Variability in the tropical southeast Indian Ocean and links with southeast Australian winter rainfall. Geophysical Research Letters 27: 3977-3980. Ansell, T.J., Reason, C.J.C., Smith, I.N. & Keay, K. 2000. Evidence for decadal variability in southern Australian rainfall and relationships with regional pressure and sea surface temperature. International Journal of Climatology 20:1113-1129 Beall, J., Crankshaw, O. & Parnell, S. 2000. Victims, villains and fixers: the urban environment and Johannesburg's poor. Journal of Southern African Studies 26(4):833-855. Beal, J., Crankshaw, O. & Parnell, S. 2000 The causes of unemployment in post-apartheid Johannesburg and the livelihood strategies of the poor. Journal of Economic and Social Geography (Special Issue: South Africa 4) 91:379-396.

45 Beall, J., Crankshaw, O. & Parnell, S. 2000. Local government, poverty reduction and inequality in Johannesburg. Environment & Urbanization 12:107-122. Crankshaw, O. & Parnell, S. 2000. Interpreting the 1994 African township landscape. 10 plus 1 Urban/Architecture Chronicle 1990-2000 19:204-209. Fuggle, R. 2000. Applied ethical considerations for environmental professionals. Listening Journal of Religion and Ecology 35:211-221. Gray, C.E.D., Meadows, M.E., Lee-Thorp, J.A. & Rogers, J. 2000. Characterising the Namaqualand mudbelt of southern Africa: chronology, palynology and palaeoenvironments. South African Geographical Journal 82:136-141. Hill, R.C. 2000. Integrated environmental management systems in the implementation of projects. South African Journal of Science 96:50-54. Holloway, A. 2000. Drought emergency, yes …drought disaster, no: Southern Africa 1991-1993, Cambridge Review of International Affairs xiv:254-276. Meadows, M.E. 2000. The role of Quaternary environmental change in the evolution of landscapes: case studies from southern Africa. Catena 42: 39-57. Nuss, W.A., Bane, J.M., Thomspon, W.T., Holt, T., Dorman, C.E., Ralph, F.M., Rotunno, R., Klemp, J.B., Samelson, R.M., Rogerson, A.M., Reason, C.J.C. & Jackson, P.L. 2000. Coastally trapped wind reversals: progress towards understanding. Bulletin American Meteorological Society 81:719-744. Oldfield, S. 2000. The centrality of community capacity in state low-income housing provision in Cape Town, South Africa. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 24:858-872. Oldfield, S. & Robinson, J.D. 2000. Transition in Southern Africa: opportunities for engagement. South African Geographical Journal 82:1-2. Parkington, J., Cartwright, C., Cowling, R.M., Baxter, A. & Meadows, M. 2000. Palaeovegetation at the last glacial maximum in the western Cape, South Africa: wood charcoal and pollen evidence from Elands Bay Cave. South African Journal of Science 96:543-546. Perrin, G.M. & Reason, C.J.C. 2000. Monsoonal influences on a mesoscale convective weather system over midlatitude South Australia. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 74:63-82. Reason, C.J.C. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Modelling multidecadal variability in the South Indian Ocean region: local forcing or a near-global mode? South African Journal of Science 96:127-134. Reason, C.J.C. 2000. Multidecadal climate variability in the subtropics / midlatitudes of the Southern Hemisphere oceans. Tellus 52A: 203-223. Reason, C.J.C., Allan, R.J., Lindesay, J.A. & Ansell, T.J. 2000. ENSO and climatic signals across the Indian Ocean basin in the global context: Part 1, interannual composite patterns. International Journal of Climatology 20:1285-1327. Reason, C.J.C., Jackson, P.L. & Fu, H. 2000. Dynamical influence of large river valleys on the propagation of coastally trapped disturbances and applications to forecasting and air quality. Meteorological Applications 7:247-259. Smith, I.N., McIntosh, P., Ansell, T.J., Reason, C.J.C. & McInnes, K. 2000. Southwest western Australian winter rainfall and its association with Indian Ocean climate variability. International Journal of Climatology 20:1913-1930.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Meadows, M.E. (advisory editor) 2000. In Thomas, D.S.B. & Goudie, A.S. (eds) Encyclopaedic dictionary of physical geography, 3rd edition. Oxford: Blackwell. Meadows, M.E. 2000. The ecological resource base: biodiversity and conservation. In Fox, R. & Rowntree, K. (eds) The geography of a changing South Africa: 361-389. Cape Town: Oxford University Press. Parnell, S. 2000. Social aspects of developmental local government. In Thorne, J. (ed.) Developmental local government report: 200-214. Midrand: DBSA.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Barker, G. & Hill, R.C. 2000. Partnerships in the construction industry – The practical implementation of environmental management plans. In proceedings of Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 22-33. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch.

46 Davey, S. 2000. Mineral exploration and community relations in South America. In proceedings of Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 68-76. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch. Hamann, R., Avis, T., Fourie, S. & Hill, R.C. 2000. Challenges and prospects for strategic environmental assessment in South Africa: lessons from the Wavecrest Study on the Wild Coast. In proceedings of Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa,10-21. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch. Shroyer, M., Kilian, D. & Jackelman, J. 2000. Wilderness in an urban setting: planning and management of the Cape Peninsula National Park, Cape Town, South Africa. In Watson, E., Aplet, G.H. & Hendree, J.C. (eds) Personal, societal and ecological values of wilderness: Sixth World Wilderness Congress proceedings on research management and allocation, Bangalor, India, 2: 19- 24.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS de Villiers, C. & Turner, I. 2000. Managing agricultural land transformation in the Cape Floristic Region: an overview. In proceedings Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 77-88. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch. Dewar, N. 2000. Environmental problems and policy formation towards a sustainable city in Cape Town, South Africa, International Conference of University Presidents on The Future of the Big City: Sustainable Environmental Policy, Bangkok. Dewar, N. 2000. University as a resource base for capacity building for the environment: the South African perspective, International Conference of University Presidents on The Future of the Big City: Sustainable Environmental Policy, Bangkok. Kaatz, E., Mitchell, S.S. & Quayle, L. 2000. Scoping procedures with disadvantaged communities: a comprehensive approach. In proceedings Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 227- 236. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch. Kowalyk, J.M. & Wiesner, B.P. 2000. Exploring partnerships for the sustainable use of medicinal plants in the Cape Metropolitan Area. In proceedings Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 176-188. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch. Oldfield, S. 2000. Paper presentation: Desegregation by decree? Practices of integration in Delft South, Cape Town. South Africa-India project workshop, Cape Town. Oldfield, S. 2000. Paper presentation: Race, crime and policing: urban identity and locality in post- apartheid Cape Town, South Africa. Johannesburg, South Africa. Urban futures. University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. Oldfield, S. 2000. Paper presentation: Local politics and state housing provision in Cape Town, South Africa. Local politics and democratisation in developing countries. Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo, Norway. Sekhesa, A., Sowman, M. & Kulati, P. 2000. Local Agenda 21 in South Africa: a framework for partnerships for the new century. In proceedings Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 314-326. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch. Shippey, K. & Hardcastle, P. 2000. Making EIA Regulations Work: A Collaboration between IAIAsa and The Cape Nature Conservation. In proceedings Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 327-333. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch. Shroyer, M., Kilian, D. & Jackelman, J. 2000. Wilderness in an urban setting: planning and management of the Cape Peninsula National Park, Cape Town, South Africa. In Personal, societal and ecological values of wilderness: Sixth World Wilderness Congress proceedings on research, management and allocation, vol II, Bangalore, India. U.T. (ed.) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. RMRS-P-14:19-24. Walker, J., Hill, R.C. & Bowen, P.A. 2000. A sustainability assessment method for greenfields, low cost, cement block housing developments on the Cape Flats. In proceedings Strategies for a Sustainable Built Environment, Pretoria, 32-1 to 32-7.

47 THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Alheit, W. 2000. Developing a model for reviewing the implementation and utilisation of environmental accounting:1-42. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Boonzaier, A. 2000. The role of water demand management in integrated water resource management: constraints and opportunities in southern Namibia. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Clarke, C. 2000. Anticipation, significance and response to ecosystem impacts of large dams:1-23. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Corcoran, B. 2000. Sustainable rural livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in Swaziland. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Fara, K. 2000. How natural are “natural disasters”? Vulnerability to drought in southern Namibia communal area:1-41. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Kingwill, J. 2000. Can process facilitation re-route ecotourism development? M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Kombe, J. 2000. Optimisation of water demand management opportunities in non-residential facilities within the Cape Metropolitan Area based on economic efficiency:1-184. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Kuiper, S. 2000. Is there a future for livestock farming in southern Namibia’s communal lands?:1-33. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Oldfield, S. 2000. State restructuring and urban transformation in South Africa: A negotiation of race, place and poverty:1-284. Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA Ollis, D. 2000. Beneficiary participation in subsidy-based housing development. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Owen, D. 2000. An ecotourism approach to tourism development in the Green Kalahari District of the Northern Cape Province. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Sidzumo, N. 2000. Towards an integrated solid waste management strategy for the Robben Island Museum. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Speiser, A. 2000. Small-scale mining - the situation in Namibia:1-35. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Walker, J. 2000. A sustainable assessment method for greenfields, low cost, cement block housing on the Cape Flats. M.Phil. dissertation, University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Holloway, A. 2000. Rising vulnerability – increasing disaster risk? African Mirror 1: 80-84. Holloway, A. 2000. Fire. African Mirror 2: 86-89. Khan, F. 2000. From apartheid to democracy: A socio-political perspective of the development of environmentalism in South Africa, 1948 - 1999 Autumn 9:156-181. Macalester International, Macalester College, Minnesota, USA. Kilian, D. & Sowman, M. 2000. Environmental Imperatives in the Cape Metropolitan Area. EEU Report No. 8/00/200. Kilian, D. & Sowman, M. 2000. Environmental Sustainability Imperatives in the Cape Metropolitan Area. EEU Report No. 9/00/201. Kilian, D. 2000. Environmental industry sector in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Wesgro background report. EEU Report No. 13/00/205. Urquhart, P. & Sowman, M. 2000. A Framework for Ecotourism Planning in Local Communities. EEU report number 1//00/194.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS

Hill, R.C. 2000. Comments on the law reform process for environmental impact management, for the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism:1-3. Hewitson, B.C. 2000. Global and regional climate modeling: Application to southern Africa. Water Research Commission 1-42.

CREATIVE WORKS, PERFORMANCES, EXHIBITIONS

Syndercombe, E. & Rose-Innes, O. 2000. Logical form: linking architecture and environmentalism. Installation and text, exhibited at conference Partnerships for the New Century, Goudini Spa, 2-4 October. South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment, IAIAsa Western Cape Branch.

48

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

The Environmental Evaluation Unit was established in 1985 in order that the expertise developed in environmental research could be readily available to the private sector and Government agencies. This unit currently employs twelve people funded solely from these services. Senior staff of the department are also regularly consulted for advice on environmental policy, urban development, climate change and applied geomorphology. The unit is also active in building environmental capacity in southern Africa. The Disaster Mitigation for Sustainable Livelihoods Programme (DiMP) has been active at UCT since 1998. DiMP undertakes a diverse suite of activities, including focused disaster risk research into small, medium and large disasters in the Cape Metropolitan Area. It also is the secretariat for a southern African disaster risk reduction network called “Periperi” (partners enhancing resilience to people exposed to risks). Anthony Barbour is the chairperson for the Board of Trustees for the Environmental Monitoring Group (EMG) which is an Environmental NGO. Lynton Burger serves on the Kommetjie Environmental Action Group. Shirley Butcher is active in the local Arc Info users’ group and has, with the help of students, undertaken GIS database development and spatial analysis for several agencies. She is the liaison officer for SA-WISE (South African Women in Science and Engineering). Professor Richard Fuggle serves on the Côte d’Ivoire based Board of Directors of the Network for Environment and Sustainable Development in Africa; he is also environmental consultant to the World Bank’s Inspection Panel. He is a trustee of the Two Oceans Education Trust. Associate Professor Bruce Hewitson is involved internationally in the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and is co-lead author on the regional projections chapter of the forthcoming IPCC assessment report, as well as a lead author on the IPCC Technical Summary, Summary for Policy Makers, and Synthesis reports. He is a member of the steering committee for the 3-yearly International Meeting on Statistical Climatology, and a council member on the South African Society for Atmospheric Sciences. He has also served on National Research Foundation (NRF) committees, as well as on the science steering committees for two Water Research Commission (WRC) research projects. Richard Hill served on the organising committee for the October 2000 conference of the South African Affiliate of the International Association for Impact Assessment. As co-convenor of the programme committee, he introduced a review process for papers submitted to the conference. He was a member of the programme committee for the August 2000 conference on Strategies for a Sustainable Built Environment, and acts as a referee for the journal Construction Management and Economics. He chairs the Richtersveld Community Trust that facilitates community development through funds provided by the Richtersveld National Park. Ailsa Holloway. Sharing information worldwide; regarding international experiences in disasters: linking hazards and sustainability. She gave presentations at the 25th annual Hazards research and applications workshop at the Natural Hazards Center, Boulder, Colorado, United States from 9-12 July, 2000. Dr Peter Holmes is president of the Southern African Association of Geomorphologists. He is involved on an ongoing basis with various environmental initiatives where specialist applied geomorphological input on physical landscapes and surface processes is required. Darryll Kilian has served on the Steering Committee set up by the Cape Metropolitan Council to plan and direct the first Cape Metropolitan Festival of the Environment. He serves on the Board of the Southern African Institute of Ecologists and Environmental Scientists (SAIE&ES) and is involved in setting up a system of voluntary certification for environmental impact assessment practitioners in South Africa on behalf of the SAIE&ES. As a member of the Certification Advisory Committee, comprising representatives from all relevant South African Institutes, he is participating in the development of criteria for certification. He is also a member of the Western Cape Branch Committee of the South African Chapter of the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIAsa). Patrick Kulati is a Member of the Board of Trustees of Ground Work Trust (a national environmental justice organisation based in Pietermaritzburg). He is a Member of the Executive Committee of FAMSA-Western Cape Chairman of the Langa Seventh Day Adventist Church Youth Society Member of the Interim National Local Agenda 21 Coordinating Committee Involved in the process leading to the development of the National Strategy on Sustainable Development

49 Participant in the NGO process which looks at the National Environmental Management Act Review Process Participant in SA civil society preparation for the World Summit 2002 to be hosted by South Africa Member of the Cape Metropolitan Interim Working Group on Local Agenda 21 Associate Professor Mike Meadows serves on the International Geographical Union's Commission on Land Degradation. He is Secretary of the Commonwealth Geographical Bureau and President Elect of the Society of South African Geographers, as well as editor of the South African Geographical Journal. Christina Nomdo is the coordinator for the MANDISA (disaster incident database) research project. She has convened a diverse stakeholder consultation process involving service providers on the Cape Metro and Provincial levels. Christina has been involved in the design of the database software and the web application thereof. Sophie Oldfield spent the first half of 2000 completing and defending her doctoral dissertation. She also convened the first workshop for the South Africa-India comparative research project. The workshop brought South African, Indian and French researchers to the department, sponsored by the South Africa-French Institute, the Human Science Research Council and the UCT Visiting Scholar’s Fund. Associate Professor Sue Parnell serves on the board of Mandlovo and the Isandla Institute, two local NGOS involved in community development and policy related research and training. She has advised the South African offices of several aid organisations as well as the Urban Sector Network and several local NGOs on aspects of urban policy and post-apartheid reconstruction. Internationally she has worked on national and city poverty reduction strategies with the many of the large international donors including DFID, CIDA, SIDA, the World Bank, United Nations (Habitat) and the Commonwealth Local Government Programme. Dr Merle Sowman is a member of the Subsistence Fisheries Task Group appointed to advise the South African government on the future management of subsistence fisheries. She is also involved in an international collaborative research programme on coastal and fisheries co-management which is investigating, through country case studies, conditions under which co-management is likely to succeed. Dr Chris Reason served on the World Meteorological Organisation/Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission CLIVAR Sustained Observations for the Climate of the Indian Ocean and Observations for the Southern Ocean panels. He was co-coordinator of the Working Group on the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave and Low frequency variability in the Southern Ocean. He also serves on the steering committees of several Water Research Commission research projects and as part of the assessment process for US NRF and Australian ARC research proposals. Kevin Winter is the chairperson of the Friends of the Liesbeek, a CBO involved in the management and rehabilitation of the Liesbeek River. He has served on a number of environmental advisory committees relating to developments along the Liesbeek as well as an advisory board appointed by the City Council to deal with future development of the Black River Urban Park. Current research, towards a PhD, is directed towards the evaluation of environmental initiatives in Bettys Bay. The research considers the nature of partnerships and co-management of resources in a coastal zone. Other involvements include membership of the Environmental Education Curriculum Initiative Task Team, the chief examiner for the Independent Development Board Level 4 curriculum (adult education) and coordinator of a task team to implement geography education into the streamlining of Curriculum 2005.

50

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Professor A.P. le Roex

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Geological Sciences University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2931 Fax: SA (21) 650-3783 Email: alr@geology .uct.ac.za Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/geolsci

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

Research in the Department of Geological Sciences covers a wide range of topics. The Department has strengths in geochemistry, structural geology and tectonics, igneous and metamorphic petrology, sedimentology, marine geology, economic geology and petroleum geophysics. General research interests include: global tectonics and geodynamics with emphasis on Gondwana geology; oceanic and continental igneous processes and the geochemical evolution of the underlying mantle; kimberlites and the genesis of diamonds; crustal fluids and ore formation with emphasis on the genesis of Witwatersrand gold; marine geoscience and sedimentary geochemistry ; paleoclimate and environmental geochemistry. Analytical facilities include X-ray fluorescence spectrometre, X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe, ion chromatography, fluid inclusion stage, stable isotope extraction lines and access to a stable isotope mass spectrometer, sedigraph for particle size analysis, laser ablation microprobe inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and solid source thermal ionization mass spectrometer and associated clean laboratories.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM HONORARY STAFF CONTRACT STAFF Honorary Research 1 Professors 5 Associates Associate Professors 6 TOTAL 1 Senior Lecturers 5 Lecturer 1 Research Staff 3 Technical Support Staff 6 Administrative and Clerical Staff 4 TOTAL 30

STUDENTS

Post-doctoral 7 Doctoral 16 Masters 29 Honours 7 Undergraduate 302 TOTAL 361

51 RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor Anton le Roex Head of Department; igneous geochemistry; analytical geochemistry; mantle evolution Professor Zvi Ben-Avraham (part-time) marine geophysics; plate tectonics; crustal structure Professor Maarten de Wit geodynamics; tectonics; stratigraphy; Gondwana; GIS Professor John Gurney upper mantle; diamonds; exploration Professor Lawrie Minter ancient placer deposits; aeolian and fluvial processes; gold particle morphology and geochemistry Associate Professor Andy Duncan (seconded to AIMS project) igneous petrology and geochemistry; volcanology; analytical geochemistry Associate Professor Martin Fey soil chemistry; soil science; application of geochemical principles to environmental quality Associate Professor Hartwig Frimmel metamorphic petrology; hydrothermal geochemistry; economic geology; crustal fluids Associate Professor Chris Harris stable isotope geochemistry; igneous petrology Associate Professor Chris Hartnady plate tectonics; palaeomagnetism; marine geophysics; rifting; seismotectonics Associate Professor David Reid Precambrian crustal evolution and metallogeny; carbonatites; isotope geochemistry Dr John Compton Senior Lecturer; low-temperature and sedimentary geochemistry; marine geology Dr Stephen Richardson Senior Lecturer; isotope geochemistry; geochronology; diamonds; continental mantle evolution Dr John Rogers Senior Research Officer; marine sediments; manganese nodules; continental shelf Mr George Smith Senior Lecturer; petroleum geophysics Dr Marian Tredoux Senior Lecturer; platinum; layered igneous complexes; Cretaceous - Tertiary boundary; geoscience education Dr Giulio Viola Lecturer; structural geology, microtectonics

HONORARY RESEARCH ASSOCIATES

Dr Herbie Klinger palaeontology Dr Roger Smith palaeontology Dr Robert Zartman U- Th-Pb isotope systems Dr Harold Annegarn atmospheric geochemistry

CONTRACT RESEARCH STAFF

Dr Moctar Doucouré geophysical modelling; African cratons; image processing; fractal analysis Dr Andreas Späth igneous geochemistry, plasma mass spectrometry Ms Eva Ankar kimberlites, GIS

52 DISTINGUISHED VISITOR

Professor Herb Helmstaedt Precambrian crustal evolution

POST -DOCTORAL FELLOWS

Dr David Bell kimberlites; mantle petrology Dr Michel Gregoire laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Dr Petrus le Roux igneous geochemistry Dr Jodie Miller stable isotope geochemistry Dr Stephanie de Villiers isotope geochemistry Dr Christine Thiart geostatistics and mineral deposits Dr Martin Wieneke igneous geochemistry , mid-ocean ridge basalts

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Bell, D.R. & Ihinger, P.D. 2000. The isotopic composition of hydrogen in nominally anhydrous mantle minerals. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64:2109-2118. Burford, D.J., Ger, L., Blake, E.H., de Wit, M.J., Doucouré, C.M. & Hart, R.J. 2000. A seismic modelling environment as a research and teaching tool for 3-D subsurface modelling. JAG 2:69- 77. Cairncross, B., Tsikos, H. & Harris, C. 2000. Prehnite from the Kalahari manganese field, South Africa, and its possible implications. South African Journal of Geology 103: 231-236. Carlson, R.W., Boyd, F.R., Shirey, S.B., Janney, P.E., Grove, T.L., Bowring, S.A., Schmitz, M.D., Bell, D.R., Gurney, J.J., Richardson, S.H., Pearson, D.G., Hart, R.J., Wilson, A.H. & Moser, D. 2000. Continental growth, preservation, and modification in southern Africa. GSA Today 10(2):1-7. Cawthorn, R.G., Harris, C. & Kruger, F.J. 2000. Discordant ultramafic pegmatoidal pipes in the Bush- veld Complex. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 140:119-133. Chetty, D. & Frimmel, H.E. 2000. The role of evaporites in the genesis of base metal sulphide mineralisation in the Northern Platform of the Pan-African Damara Belt, Namibia: geochemical and fluid inclusion evidence from carbonate wall rock alteration. Mineralium Deposita 35:364- 376. Cooper, A.F. & Reid, D.L. 2000. The association of potassic trachytes and carbonatites at the Dicker Willem complex, south-west Namibia: coexisting, immiscible, but not cogenetic magmas. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 139:570-583. de Ronde, C.E.J. & Kamo, S.L. 2000. An Archaean arc-arc collisional event: a short-lived (ca.3 Myr) episode, Weltevreden area, Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 30:219-248. De Villiers, S., Compton, J.S. & Lavelle, M. 2000. The strontium isotope systematics of the Orange River, South Africa. South African Journal of Geology 103: 237-248. Doucouré, C.M., de Wit, M.J. & Reeves, C.V. 2000. Towards a gravity map of Gondwana. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31:195-204. Dunn, J.C. 2000. The 3.5 Ga Komati Formation, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa, Part I: New maps and magmatic architecture. South African Journal of Geology 103: 47-68. Fitzsimons, I.C.W., Harte, B., Chinn, I.L., Gurney, J.J. & Taylor, W.R. 1999. Extreme chemical variation in complex diamonds from George Creek, Colorado; a SIMS study of carbon isotope composition and nitrogen abundance. Mineralogical Magazine 63:857-878. FöIling, P.G., Zartman, R.E. & Frimmel, H.E. 2000. A novel approach to double-spike Pb-Pb dating of carbonate rocks: examples from Neoproterozoic sequences in southern Africa. Chemical Geology 17:97-122.

53 Frimmel, H.E. 2000. New U-Pb zircon ages for the Kuboos pluton in the Pan-African Gariep belt, South Africa: Cambrian mantle plume or far field collision effect? South African Journal of Geology 103: 207-214. Frimmel, H.E. & Board, W.S. 2000. Fluid evolution in and around the Rosh Pinah massive sulphide deposit in the external Pan-African Gariep Belt, Namibia. South African Journal of Geology 103: 191-206. Gray, C.E.D., Meadows, M.E., Lee-Thorp, J.A. & Rogers, J. 2000. Characterising the Namaqualand Mudbelt of Southern Africa: Chronology, Palynology and Palaeoenvironments. South African Geographical Journal 82(3):137-142. Guggenheim, S. & Frimmel, H.E. 1999. Ferrokinoshitalite, a new species of brittle mica from the Broken Hill Mine, South Africa: structural and mineralogical characterization. The Canadian Mineralogist 37:1445-1452. Harris, C., Compton, J.S. & Bevington, S.A. 1999. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition of kaolinite deposits, Cape Penisula, South Africa: low-temperature, meteoritic origin. Economic Geology 94:1353-1366. Harris, C., Smith, H.S. & le Roex, A.P. 2000. Oxygen isotope composition of phenocrysts from Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island lavas: variation with fractional crystallization and evidence for assimilation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 138:164-175. Hart, R.J., Connell, S.H., Cloete, M., Mare, L., Drury, M. & Tredoux, M. 2000. ‘Super magnetic’ rocks generated by shock metamorphism from the centre of the Vredefort impact structure, South Africa. South African Journal of Geology 103: 215-230. Harte, B., Fitzsimons, C.W., Harris, J.W. & Otter, M.L. 1999. Carbon isotope ratios and nitrogen abundances in relation to cathodoluminescence characteristics for some diamonds from the Kaapvaal Province, S. Africa. Mineralogical Magazine 63(6):829-856. Kiipli, T., Batchelor, R.A., Bemal, J.P., Cowing, C.H., Hagel-Brunnstrom, M., Ingham, M.N., Johnson, D., Kivisilla, J., Knaack, C.H., Kump, P., Lozano, R., Michiels, D., Orlova, K., Pirrus, E., Roussseau, R.M., Ruzicka, J., Sandstrom, H. & Willis, J.P. 2000. Seven sedimentary rock reference samples from Estonia. Oil Shale 17:215-223. Kirstein, L.A., Peate, D.W., Hawkesworth, C.J., Turner, S.P., Harris, C. & Mantovani, M.S.M. 2000. Early Cretaceous basaltic and rhyolitic magmatism in Southern Uruguay associated with the opening of the South Atlantic. Journal of Petrology 41:1413-1438. Niemi, T.M., Ben-Avraham, Z., Hartnady, C.J.H. & Reznikov, M. 2000. Post-Eocene seismic stratigraphy of the deep ocean basin adjacent to the southeast African continental margin: a record of geostrophic bottom current systems. Marine Geology 162:237-258. Späth, A., le Roex, A.P. & Opiyo-Akech, N. 2000. Plume-lithosphere interaction and the origin of continental rift-related alkaline volcanism the Chyulu Hills volcanic province, southern Kenya. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31:337-358. Thiart, C. & de Wit, M.J. 2000. Linking spatial statistics to GIS: exploring potential gold and tin models of Africa. South African Journal of Geology 103: 205-230. Zhang, H.F., Mattey, D.P., Grassineau, N., Lowry, D., Brownless, M. & Gurney, J.J. 2000. Recent fluid processes in the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa; coupled oxygen isotope and trace element disequilibrium in polymict peridiotites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 176:57-72.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Bailie, R.H. & Reid, D.L. 2000. Towards the age of the metalliferous Bushmanland Group, Northern Cape Province. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):5. Basson, I.J. & Reid, D.L. 2000. Mode of emplacement of iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite replacement bodies. Northam platinum mine, Western Bush veld Complex. In Kisters, A.F.M. (ed.) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Suppl. Abstr . Vol: 2. Board, W.S. & Frimmel, H.E. 2000. Tectono-thermal evolution of the eatern H.U. Sverdrupfjella, Western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. In Kirsters, A.F.M. (ed), GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Suppl Abstr. Vol: 4-5. Carlson, R.W., Janney, P.E., Shirey, S.B., Boyd, F.R., Pearson, D.G., Irvine, G.J., Richardson, S.H., Menzies, A.H. & Gurney, J.J. 2000. Chemical and age structure of the southern African lithospheric mantle: implications for continent formation. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Reno, Nevada. GSA Abstracts Volume 32(7):163. Doucouré, C.M. 2000. Regional geophysics with emphasis on gravity and magnetics: a key role in understanding the mineral exploration setting in Africa. Mali Symposium of Applied Sciences, Mali.

54 Dunn, N.K. & Reid, D.L. 2000. Late-stage hypabyssal activity in the Kanabeam alkaline ring complex, Namibia. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA): 17. Frimmel, H.E. & Zartman, R.E. 2000. The Richtersveld Igneous Complex: beginning of Pan-African continental break-up in South Africa. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):22-23. Frimmel, H.E. & FöIling, P.G. 2000. Neoproterozoic climate changes in southern Africa: evidence from the Pan-African Gariep and Saldania Belts. In Kisters, A.F.M. (ed.) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Suppl. Abstr. Vol: 6-7. Frimmel, H.E. & FöIling, P.G. 2000. Neoproterozoic climate changes: the perspective from southern Africa. 31st International Geological Congress, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil http:/ /cbrazi.dominal.com/g09060 12.pdf. Gregoire, M., Cottin, J.Y., le Roex, A.P., Späth, A. & Gurney, J.J. 2000. Rutile-armalcolite-ilmenite metasomatic mineral parageneses from the oceanic and cratonic mantle: similarities and differences. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):24-25. Gurney, J .J .1999. Impact of geochemical research on kimberlite exploration for diamonds. Geological Society of America annual meeting, Boulder, Colorado. GSA Abstracts with Programs 31(7):22. Gurney, J.J. 2000. Diamond indicator mineral interpretations: a discussion of some recent developments. Geological Association of Canada/Metallurgic Association of Canada Conference, Calgary. Gurney, J.J. 2000. The impact of geochemical research on kimberlite exploration for diamonds in the 20th century and prospects into the new millenium. Geological Society of America annual meeting, Reno, Nevada. GSA Abstracts with Programs 32(7):4. Harris, C. & Chaumba, J.B. 2000. Crustal contamination and fluid-rock interaction in the Platreef of the northern lobe of the Bush veld intrusion. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):28-29. Harris, C., Compton, J.S. & Bevington, S.A. 2000. Oxygen and H isotope composition of kaolinite deposits, Cape Peninsula, South Africa: low temperature, meteoric origin. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new milleniumn on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):29. La Grange, M., Stevens, G. & Harris, C. 2000. Metamorohism of Witwatersrand rocks in the collar of the Vredefort structure: a petrographic and O isotope study. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):39-40. Moine, B.N., Gregoire, M., Cottin, J.Y., Sheppard, S.M.F., O'Reilly, S.V. & Giret, A. 2000. Volatile- bearing ultramafic to mafic xenoliths from the Kerguelen archipelago (Southern Indian Ocean): evidence for carbonatites in the mantle. International Carbonatite Workshop, Saint-Etienne, France. Morfi, L., Harte, B., Hill, P. & Gurney, J.J. 1999. Geochemical variations in the clasts and matrix of polymict peridotites. Lherzolite and Orogenic Processes Conference, Paria. Ofioliti 24(la):134. Morfi, L., Harte, B., Hill, P. & Gurney, J.J. 1999. Spatial relationships of compositional variation in polymict peridotites. Lherzolite and Orogenic Processes Conference, Paria. Ofioliti 24(la):135- 136. Morfi, L., Harte, B., Hill, P. & Gurney, J.J. 1999. Polymict peridotites - a link between deformed peridotites and megacrysts from kimberlites, EUG 10 Conference, Strasbourg. EUG 10 Conference Abstracts 4(1):776. Reid, D.L. & Basson, I.J. 2000. Nature and origin of iron-rich ultramafic pegmatite replacement bodies in the Merensky Reef footwall, Northam platinum mine. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):59. Reid, D.L. & Griesel, L. 2000. Petrological interpretation of the Dinokwe magnetic anomaly, south-east Botswana. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):27. Richardson, S.H., Shirey, S.B., Harris, J.W. & Carlson, R.W. 2000. Re-Os systematics of sulphide inclusion bearing diamonds from continental mantle roots. Goldschmidt 2000 Conference, Oxford. Conference Abstracts 5(2):843.

55 Rogers, J. 2000. Geotourism in the Western Cape: of plinths and plaques. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(IA):63-64. Rogers, J., Rau, A.J. & Chen, M.T. 2000. Evidence of latitudinal fluctuations in the South Atlantic during the Late Quaternary from ice-rafted detritus off the west coast of South Africa. In Kisters, A.F.M. & Thomas, R.J. (eds) GSSA 27: Geocongress 2000: A new millenium on ancient crust, Stellenbosch. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31(lA):62-63. Smith, G.C. & Gidlow, P.M. 2000. A comparison of the fluid factor with A and p, in AVO analysis. 70th Annual International Meeting of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Calgary, Canada. Abstract Volume, AVO 1.7. Spangenberg, J.E., Macko, S.A., Frimmel, H.E. & Kribek, B. 2000. Molecular stable isotopic approaches in the geological environment: A break-through in minerogenetic studies. Examples on sediment-hosted ore deposits. 31st International Geological Congress, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, http:/ /cbrazi.dominal.comlgI40 1026. pdf.

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Appleyard, C.M. 2000. The geochemistry of a suite of eclogite xenoliths from the Rietfontein Kimberlite, South Africa: 1-167. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. Echeverria, M.E. 2000. N transformations in soils under pine plantations: 1-126. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. Fölling, P.G. 2000. Chemostratigraphy of Pan-African carbonate sequences in southwestern and southern Africa:1-251. Ph.D. thesis: University of Cape Town. Good, N.E. 2000. Structural and thermal controls on basinal fluid flow beneath the Bushveld Complex and along the Thabazimbi-Murchison Lineament, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa: 1-431. Ph.D. thesis: University of Cape Town. Kiviets, G.B. 2000. The origins of diamond eclogites from Kaal Vallei kimberlite:1-138. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. le Roux, P.J. 2000. Petrogenesis of basalts from the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge:1-284. Ph.D. thesis: University of Cape Town. Makhathini, S.C. 2000. Interaction between fly-ash and other coal wastes: 1-124. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. McKeown, R.S. 2000. Geochemistry of acid sulphate site remediation:1-104. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. Mehlomakulu, M. 2000. Chemical impact of urban settlement on a sandy aquifer: 1-171. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. O'Brien, R.D. 2000. Mineralogy of mine drainage reactions with fly ash:1-156. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. Papini, A.G. 2000. Impact of distillery wastes on soil chemical properties: 1-98. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town. Westerlund, K.J. 2000. The Klipspringer Kimberlites and their mantle sample, Northern Province, South Africa:1-171. M.Sc. dissertation: University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Frimmel, H.E. & Fölling, P.G. 2000. Neoproterozoic geology of the western Richtersveld Northern Cape Province. Excursion guidebook, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town: 1-33. Gurney, J.J. 1999. Changes and new developments in Africa. Gems and Gemology 35:34-36. Rogers, I. 2000. Inner secrets of Western Cape scenery revealed. Earthyear 21:22-23. Tredoux, M. 2000. Economic aspects of the Cape Peninsula. Field guide for GeoTeach teachers' trip. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town: 1-26. Willis, J.P. & Lachance, G.R. 2000. Resolving apparent differences in mathematical expressions relating intensity to concentration in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Rigaku Journal 17:23-33.

56 CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

Staff in the Department are regularly consulted for advice on a wide variety of topics relating to the geological sciences, the minerals industry of southern Africa, analytical geochemistry and issues of environmental concern.

Organisation of conferences Associate Professor Martin Fey organized the 5th International Symposium on Environmental Geochemistry and related field trips. This international event was held at the University of Cape Town, between 24-29 April 2000.

Course on the theory and practice of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry The annual two-week course was presented from 17-28 January 2000. The course was directed by Associate Professor James Willis with assistance from Associate Professor Andy Duncan, Professor Anton le Roex, & Dr Andreas Späth. The course provided an introduction to the principles and practice of modern XRF spectrometry, and was attended by participants from other academic institutions and from industry in South Africa, as well as from Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Canada and the USA.

57

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS & APPLIED MATHEMATICS

(Including the General Relativity and Cosmology Research Group, the Laboratory for Formal Aspects and Complexity in Computer Science (FACCS-Lab), the Marine Resource Assessment and Management Group (MARAM), the Rangeland Modelling Group, and the Topology and Category Theory Research Group.)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Associate Professor Brian Hahn

DEPARTMENT CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Mathematics & Applied Mathematics University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-3191 Fax: SA (21) 650-2334 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.mth.uct.ac.za

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics houses a number of research groups and individual activities, which in total cover a large part of the mathematical spectrum. Examples are: cosmology and relativity, computational and applied mechanics, marine resource management, rangeland modelling, formal aspects of computer science, topology and category theory, nonlinear mathematical physics, functional analysis, and algebra. The Department has active research collaboration with other groups in the country and abroad. We have a strong postgraduate program, with about 70 M.Sc. and Ph.D. students in a variety of fields. Among the staff are three NRF A-rated mathematicians, four with B-ratings, and a number with other ratings. The Department has a good technical and administrative infrastructure, and regularly hosts visitors from abroad.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM HONORARY STAFF CONTRACT STAFF Emeritus Professors 2 Professors 6 Emeritus Associate Professor 1 Associate Professors 4 Research Associate 1 Senior Lecturers 10 TOTAL 4 Lecturers 14 Research Staff 4 STUDENTS Technical Support Staff 1 Post-doctoral 7 Administrative and Clerical Staff 10 Doctoral 34 TOTAL 49 Master 36 Honours 6 Undergraduate 3551 TOTAL 3634

58 RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF AND LONG TERM CONTRACT STAFF

Professor Ronald Becker differential equations (bifurcations, abstract equations); theory of algorithms (graph partitioning, sorting networks) Professor Doug Butterworth Director, Marine Resource Assessment and Management Group (MARAM); particular focus on South African and Namibian fisheries, Atlantic and southern bluefin tuna, Antarctic whale and krill resources Professor George Ellis Distinguished Professor of Complex Systems; Leader, General Relativity and Cosmology Research Group; cosmology and general relativity theory; science policy; maths and science education; metaphysics of cosmology and its connections to ethics and religion; social indicators Professor Hans-Peter Künzi topology, orders, categories, combinatorics and their applications in analysis and algebra; particular focus being the theory of asymmetric topology Professor Daya Reddy Dean of Science; Co-Director, UCT Centre for Research in Computational and Applied Mechanics (CERECAM); mathematical and computational aspects of continuum mechanics; the finite element method Professor John Webb mathematics education Associate Professor Igor Barashenkov nonlinear dynamics; mathematical physics Associate Professor Paul Cherenack algebraic geometry; differential geometry; algebraic and categorical topology Associate Professor Christopher Gilmour Convenor: Programme in Mathematical and Statistical Sciences; pointfree topology and sigma- frames; categorical topology Associate Professor Brian Hahn Head of Department; scientific computing; Rangeland Modelling Group Dr Jurie Conradie Senior Lecturer; functional analysis; vector lattices; von Neumann algebras; non-commutative function spaces; mathematics education Dr John Frith Senior Lecturer; frame theory; topos theory; categorical topology; mathematical education Dr Charles Hellaby Senior Lecturer; general relativity; cosmology; gravity Dr Kenneth Hughes Senior Lecturer; number theory; algebra; algebraic geometry; topological quantum field theory Dr Sizwe Mabizela Senior Lecturer; approximation theory; functional analysis Dr Jacek Ronda Senior Lecturer; thermodynamics; continuum mechanics; finite elements; metal-forming; welding - metallurgy Dr Henry Rose Senior Lecturer; universal algebra; lattice theory; set theory; model theory Dr Anneliese Schauerte Senior Lecturer; frame and biframe theory; categorical topology; uniform and quasi-uniform structures Lynn Bowie Lecturer; mathematics education; students' conceptual difficulties in calculus Dr Peter Bruyns Lecturer; group theory; permutation groups Dr Peter Dunsby Lecturer; cosmological perturbations; cosmic microwave background anisotropies; gravitational lensing; inflationary cosmology; on-line mathematics education

59 Vera Frith Lecturer (contract), Numeracy Centre; mathematics education; effective use of computers in teaching mathematics; Excel as a teaching and learning tool; foundation courses Dr Peter Jipsen Lecturer; formal aspects of computer science; universal and computational algebra; logic Dr Henri Laurie Lecturer; mathematical ecology; industrial mathematics; mathematics education Dr Peter Ouwehand Lecturer (contract); model theory; lattice theory; universal algebra Éva Plagányi-Lloyd Lecturer; multispecies modelling; S. A. abalone assessment; plankton ecology; pelagic ecosystem modelling Robert Prince Lecturer (contract), Co-ordinator Numeracy Centre; algebraic number theory; commutative algebra; mathematics education Dr Ingrid Rewitzky Lecturer; formal aspects of computer science Dr Neill Robertson Lecturer; functional analysis; locally convex spaces; descriptive set theory; infinite-dimensional holomorphy Dr Jacob Vermeulen Lecturer; category theory and logic; topology; algebraic geometry Diane Wilcox Assistant Lecturer; functional analysis; linear relations and operator theory; mathematics education Gareth Witten Assistant Lecturer (contract); mathematical modelling; applied dynamical systems

RESEARCH STAFF

Helena Geromont Senior Research Officer, MARAM; S.A. and Namibian hake, S.A. south coast rock lobster and Atlantic bluefin tuna assessment Trevor Branch Research Officer (contract), MARAM; Antarctic whale assessments Dr Anabela Brandao Research Officer, MARAM; Namibian orange roughy and hake and Southern Ocean toothfish assessment Dr Susan Holloway Reseach Officer, MARAM; S.A. west coast rock lobster assessment; whale management procedures Stephen Tladi Junior Research Fellow (contract); mathematical and computational aspects of continuum mechanics; the finite element method

DISTINGUISHED VISITOR

Emeritus Professor Bernhard Banaschewski McMaster University, Ontario, Canada – pointfree topology; (universal) algebra; categorical topology

HONORARY STAFF

Emeritus Professor Guillaume Brümmer categorical topology; category theory; asymmetric topology and uniformity Emeritus Professor Keith Hardie homotopy theory; algebraic topology; digital topology; categorical topology Emeritus Associate Professor Ronald Cross functional analysis; unbounded linear operators; linear relations

60 Dr David Richardson Research Associate; Rangeland Modelling Group; modelling grazing animal production systems; relations between complex and simple models

POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWS

Dr Manuel Borges supersymmetric gravity Dr Justin Munganga mathematical and computational aspects of continuum mechanics; the finite element method Dr Mark Petersen operator theory: interpolation of non-square rational matrix functions; minimal square spectral factorization Dr Mark Roberts general relativity, quantisation of fluids, issues in language and linguistics, and the continuum hypothesis Dr Valeri Shchesnovich nonlinear waves and nonlinear evolution equations; soliton theory; perturbation expansion methods; exact solutions and stability Dr Henk van Elst physical properties of spatially inhomogeneous cosmological models; structure of the solution space to the Einstein field equations in cosmological settings Dr Shwetketu Virbhadra gravitational lensing and cosmic censorship

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Alexeeva, N.V., Barashenkov, I.V. & Tsironis, G.P. 2000. Impurity-induced stabilization of solitons in arrays of parametrically driven nonlinear oscillators. Physical Review Letters 84 (14): 3053- 3056. Barashenkov, I.V. & Zemlyanaya, E.V. 2000. Oscillatory instabilities of gap solitons: a numerical study. Computer Physics Communications 126: 22-27. Boersma, J. 1999. Variational dynamics in open spacetimes. Physical Review D 60: 084013. Brandão, A., Butterworth, D.S. & Brown, M.R. 2000. Maximum possible humpback whale increase rates as a function of hological parameter values. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management (Suppl.): 192-193. Brodin, G., Marklund, M. & Dunsby, P.K.S. 2000. Nonlinear gravitational wave interactions with plasmas. Physical Review D 62: 104008-1 - 104008-5. Brümmer, G., Giuli, E. & Holgate, D.B. 2000. Direct reflections. Applied Categorical Structures 8: 545- 557. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Possible interpretation problems for the current CITES listing criteria in the context of marine fish species under commercial harvest. Population Ecology 42:29–35. Butterworth, D.S. & Punt, A.E. 1999. Experiences in the evaluation and implementation of management procedures. ICES Journal of Marine Science 56: 985–998. Dichmont, C.M., Butterworth, D.S. & Cochrane, K.L. 2000. Towards adaptive approaches to management of the South African Abalone Haliotis midae fishery. South African Journal of Marine Science 22: 33-42. Dragomir, S.S. & Mabizela, S. 1999. Some error estimates in the trapezoidal quadrature rule. Research Group in Mathematical Inequalities and Applications 2(5): 653-663. Dragomir, S.S. & Mabizela, S. 1999. Some error estimates in the trapezoidal quandrature rule. Tamsui Oxford Journal of Mathematical Sciences 16(2): 259-272. Dunsby, P.K.S. 2000. Workshop 3: Present observational and theoretic state of cosmology. General Relativity and Gravitation 32(6): 1107-1109. Ellis, G.F.R. 1999. Before the beginning: emerging questions and uncertainties. Astrophysics and Space Science 269-270: 693-720. Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. Editor’s Note: An example of a new type of cosmological solutions of Einstein’s field equations of gravitation. General Relativity and Gravitation 32(7):1399-1408.

61 Ellis, G.F.R., Roberts, D.C., Solomons, D. & Dunsby, P.K.S. 2000. Using the dilaton potential to obtain string cosmology solutions. Physical Review D 62: 084004-1 - 084004-10. Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. Relativistic cosmology 1999: Issues and problems. General Relativity and Gravitation 32: 1135-1158. Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. Dennis Sciama (obituary). Nature 403: 722. Gebbie, T., Dunsby, P.K.S. & Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. 1 + 3 Covariant cosmic microwave background anisotropies I: algebraic relations for mode and multipole expansions. Annals of Physics 282: 285-320. Gebbie, T., Dunsby, P.K.S. & Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. 1 + 3 Covariant cosmic microwave background anisotropies II: the almost-Friedmann-Lemaître model. Annals of Physics 282: 321-394. Hahn, B.D., Richardson, F.D. & Starfield, A.M. 1999. Frame-based modelling as a method of simulating rangeland production systems in the long term. Agricultural Systems 62: 29-49. Han, W. & Reddy, B.D. 2000. Convergence of approximations to the primal problem in plasticity under minimal conditions of regularity. Numerische Mathematik 87: 283-315. Hardie, K.A., Kamps, K.H. & Kieboom, R.W. 2000. A homotopy 2-groupoid of a Hausdorff space. Applied Categorical Structures 8: 209-234. Hobbs, S. & Dunsby, P.K.S. 2000. Dynamical systems approach to magnetized cosmological perturbations. Physical Review D: 124007-1 - 124007-15. Künzi, H.P. 2000. Preservation of completeness under mappings in assymetric topology. Applied General Topology 1: 99-114. Lloyd, P., Plagányi, É.E., Lepage, D., Little, R.M. & Crowe, T.M. 2000. Nest site selection, egg pigmentation and clutch predation in the ground-nesting Namaqua Sandgrouse. Ibis 142: 123- 131. Marklund, M., Brodin, G. & Dunsby, P.K.S. 2000. Radio wave emissions due to gravitational radiation. The Astrophysical Journal 536: 875-879. Marklund, M., Dunsby, P.K.S. & Brodin, G. 2000. Cosmological electromagnetic fields due to gravitational wave perturbations. Physical Review D 62: 101501-1 - 101501-5. Mulrarzynski, P., Cherenack, P. & Ntumba, P. 1999. On differential structures for cartesian products. Far East Journal of Mathematical Sciences, Special Volume (1999) III: 1-24. Munganga, J.M.W., Reddy, B.D. & Diatezua, K.J. 2000. Aspects of the thermodynamic stability of fibre suspension flows. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 92: 135-150. Mustapha, N., Ellis, G.F.R., van Elst, H. & Marklund, M. 2000. Partially locally rotationally symmetric perfect fluid cosmologies. Classical and Quantum Gravity 17(16): 3135-3156. Ouwehand, P. & Rose, H. 1999. Lattice varieties with nonelementary amalgamation classes. Algebra Universalis 41: 317-336. Plagányi, É.E. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Does the limpet Patella cochlear fertilise its own algal garden? Marine Ecology Progress Series 194(17): 113-122. Plagányi, É.E., Hutchings, L. & Field, J.G. 2000. Anchovy foraging: simulating spatial and temporal match/mismatches with zooplankton. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 57(10): 2044–2053. Punt, A.E., Butterworth, D.S. & Wada, S. 2000. On the use of allele frequency data within a Bayesian framework to evaluate the relative probabilities of alternative stock structure hypotheses for the North Pacific minke whales. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 2(2): 151-158. Punt, A.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Why do Bayesian likelihood assessments of the Bering-Chukchi- Beaufort seas of bowhead whales differ? Journal of Cetacean Research and Management. (2)2: 125-133. Reese, S., Wriggers, P. & Reddy, B.D. 2000. A new locking-free brick element technique for large deformation problems in elasticity. Computers and Structures 75: 291-304. Roel, B.A. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Assessment of the South African chokka squid Loligo vulgaris reynaudii. Is disturbance of aggregations by the recent jig fishery having a negative impact on recruitment? Fisheries Research 48: 213-228. Ronda, J. & Oliver, G.J. 2000. Consistent thermo-mechano-metallurgical model of welded steel with unified approach to derivation of phase evolution laws and transformation-induced plasticity. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 189: 361-417. Rose, H. & Pinus, A. 2000. Second order equivalence of cardinals: an algebraic approach. General Algebraic Structures. Rose, H. & Pinus, A. 2000. Free algebras with elementary equivalent lattices of subalgebras. Algebra i Logika. Rose, H., Jipsen, P. & Pinus, A. 2000. Rudin-Keisler posets of complete Boolean algebras. Math. Log. Quat. 41: 595-601.

62 Thomson, R.B., Butterworth, D.S., Boyd, I.L. & Croxall, J.P. 2000. Modelling the consequences of Atlantic kill harvesting on Anarctic far seals. Ecological Applications 10(6): 1806-1819. Virbhadra, K.S. & Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. Schwarzschild black hole lensing. Physical Review D 62: 084003. Wu, Z.C. 2000. Quantum creation of a topological black hole. Modern Physics Letters A 15: 1589-1595.

BOOKS

Brümmer, G. & Gilmour, C. 2000. (eds) Papers in Honour of Bernard Banaschewski: 1-504. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Ellis, G.F.R. & Williams, R.M. 2000. Flat and curved space-times. 1-375. Second edition. New York: Oxford University Press. Moerdijk, I. & Vermeulen, J.J.C. 2000. Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society: Proper Maps of Toposes: 1-108. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society. Plagányi-Lloyd, É. & Levine, M. 2000. Sharks, Whales and Dolphins: 1-63. Struik Publishers. Also translated into Afrikaans.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. Before the beginning: Emerging questions and uncertainties. In Block, D.L., Puerari, I., Stockton, A. & Ferreira, D. (eds) Toward a New Millennium in Galaxy Morphology: 693- 720. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. The epistemology of cosmology. In Dadhich, N. & Kembhavi, A. (eds) The Universe Visions and Perspectives: 123-140. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Alexeeva, N.V., Barashenkov, I.V. & Pelinovsky, D.E. 1999. Oscillatory instability and supercritical dynamics of damped-driven nonlinear Schrödinger solitons. Proceedings of the workshop on Nonlinearity, Integrability and all that: Twenty years after NEEDS 79: 359-366. Singapore: World Scientific. Barashenkov, I.V. & Murugan, J. 2000. Vortices of the gauged complex sine-Gordon equation. In Banasiak, J. (ed.) Proceedings of the 3rd Hanno Rund Conference on Differential Equations and Applications, Durban, University of Natal, 176-182. Barashenkov, I.V. & Cross, S. 2000. Localised solutions to the parametrically driven complex Ginzburg- Landau equation. In Banasiak, J. (ed.) Proceedings of the 3rd Hanno Rund Conference on Differential Equations and Applications, University of Natal, Durban, 183-187. Cherenack, P. 2000. Fröhlicher versus differential spaces: a prelude to cosmology. In Brümmer, G. & Gilmour, C. (eds) Papers in Honour of Bernard Banaschewski. Proceedings of the BB Fest 96, a conference held at the University of Cape Town, on Category Theory and its applications to Topology, Order and Algebra, 391-413. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Hattingh, S.K.F & Reddy, B.D. 2000. A discussion of the transfer function used in the numerical simulation of dual porosity petroleum reservoirs. In Adali, S., Morozov, E.V. & Verijenko, V.E. (eds) Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Mechanics, University of Natal, Durban, 228-234. Kleine, D., Reddy, B.D. & Mitchell, G.P. 2000. Finite element analysis of flows in secondary settling tanks. In Adali, S., Morozov, E.V. & Verijenko, V.E. (eds) Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Mechanics, University of Natal, Durban, 123-129. Munganga, J.M.W., Reddy, B.D. & Diatezua, J.K. 2000. Stability and consistency of the equations for fibre suspension flows. In Adali, S., Morozov, E.V. & Verijenko, V.E. (eds) Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Mechanics, University of Natal, Durban, 179-186. Reddy, B.D., Munganga, J.M.W. & Diatezua, J.K. 2000. Thermodynamic consistency and stability of equations for fibre suspension flows. In Binding, D. et al (eds) Proceedings of the 13th International Congress on Rheology, 339-341. Glasgow 2: British Society of Rheology, Richardson, F.D., Hahn, B.D. & Schoeman, S.J. 2000. Modelling nutrient utilization by livestock grazing semiarid rangeland. In McNamara, J.P., France, J. & Beever, D.E. (eds) Fifth International Workshop on Modelling Nutrient Utilization in Farm Animals, University of Cape Town: 263-280. CAB International. Ronda, J. & Colville, K. 2000. Production stamping defect simulation with finite element method. In Pietrzyk, M., Kusiak, J., Majta, J., Hartley, P. & Pillinger, I. (eds) Metal Forming 2000, Kraków, Poland, 211-214. Netherlands: A.A. Balkema

63 Witten, G.Q. & Richardson, F.D. 2000. Modelling nutrient utiization in growing cattle subjected to short or long periods of moderate to severe undernutrition. In McNamara, J.P., France, J. & Beever, D.E. (eds) Fifth International Workshop on Modelling Nutrient Utilization in Farm Animals, University of Cape Town, 241-252. CAB International.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Alexeeva, N., Bär, M. & Or-Guil, M. 2000. Bound states of pulses in an excitable reaction-diffusion model of the NO + CO reaction on Pt surfaces. SANUM 2000, 24th Annual Conference held at Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch. Alexeeva, N., Barashenkov, I.V. & Tsironis, G. 2000. Taming chaos with disorder in arrays of parametrically driven Josephson junctions. SANUM 2000, 24th Annual Conference held at Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch. Barashenkov, I. 2000. Travelling solitons, solitonic complexes and the effect of impurity in Faraday resonance. IUTAM Symposium on Free Surface Flows, University of Birmingham. Barashenkov, I. 2000. Taming chaos with disorder in arrays of parametrically driven nonlinear oscillators. Twentieth European Dynamics Days, University of Surrey, Guildford (UK). Becker, R.I. & Fokam, J.M. 2000. Periodic solution of nonlinear wave equations. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Bowie, L. 2000. An analysis of students’ misconceptions in calculus. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Brink, C. & Rewitzky, I. 2000. The ontological triangle. 43rd Annual Conference of the South African Mathematical Society, UNISA, Pretoria. Brümmer, G.C.L. 2000. Topological monads with bitopological algebras. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. The application of a “management procedure” approach to Namibian fisheries. Symposium 2000 – A Decade of Namibian Fisheries Science, Swakopmond. Boyer, D., Hampton, I., Staby, A., Staalsen, B., Kloser, R., Clark, M., Dalen, J., Huse, I. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Acoastic assessment of orange roughy (Hoplostetus attanticus) aggregrations in Namibia. Symposium 2000 – A Decade of Namibian Fisheries Science, Swakopmond. Cherenack, P. 2000. Exponential objects for differential and Frölicher spaces. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Conradie, J. 2000. Decomposition of linear functionals on non-commutative function. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. Relativity and cosmology at the turn of the millennium: achievements and open issues. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Gilmour, C.R.A. & Matutu, P. 2000. Compactness and the cozero part of a biframe. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Hahn, B.D. 2000. Thoughts on teaching MATLAB as a first programming language. SANUM 2000, 24th Annual Conference held at Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch. Hardie, H., Vermeulen, J. & Witbooi, P. 2000. More homotopy theory of finite T0 spaces. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Hellaby, C. 2000. Observations in Inhomogeneous Universes. 9th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, University of Rome “La Sapienza”. Hulley, H. 2000. The category of sets is comonadic over the category of Boolean algebras. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Künzi, H.P. 2000. Preservation of completeness properties under mappings in assymmetric topology. 43rd Annual Conference of the South African Mathematical Society, UNISA, Pretoria. Laurie, H. & Penne, R. 2000. A projective geometry technique for classifying injury risk in throwing. 43rd Annual Conference of the South African Mathematical Society, UNISA, Pretoria. Mabizela, S. 2000. Strong uniqueness and continuity of parametric projections. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Munganga, J. & Reddy, B.D. 2000. Existence and energy stability of fibre suspension flows. 43rd Annual Conference of the South African Mathematical Society 2000, UNISA, Pretoria. Ntumba, P. 2000. Differential CW complex. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Plagányi, É.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Clues and questions from population models applied to the South African abalone (Haliotis midae) fishery. Abstract published in handbook of the 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town.

64 Reddy, B.D. 2000. Error estimation in finite element analysis; theoretical and computational aspects. SANUM 2000, 24th Annual Conference held at Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch. Rewitzky, I. 2000. A power algebra of games of choice. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Rolfe, J.M. 2000. Managing core competencies of academic staff. Citte 2000. Conference on Information Technology in Tertiary Education, University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth. Ronda, J., Colville, K. & Bauer, J. 2000. Influence of friction models on deep-drawing S-rail. 33rs Solid Mechanics Conference, Zakopane. Schauerte, A. 2000. Rimcompactness of biframes. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Shchesnovich, V.S. & Barashenkov, I.V. 2000. Soliton-radiation interaction in the parametrically driven-damped NLS equation. RCP264: Inverse Problems and Nonlinearity, Montpellier, France. Tarr, R.J.Q., Williams, P.V.G., Mackenzie, A.J., Plagányi, É.E. & Moloney, C. 2000. South African Fishery Independent Abalone Surveys. 2000. Abstract published in handbook of the 5th International Temperate Reef Symposium and handbook of the 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Tladi, M.S. 2000. Adiabatic chaos in mesoscale vortices. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Tladi, M.S. 2000. Adiabatic chaos and transport in mesoscale vortices. SANUM 2000, 24th Annual Conference held at Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch. Tladi, M.S., Reddy, B.D. & Munganga, J.M. 2000. Nonlinear Stability criterion for ageostrophic oceanic flows. 43rd Annual Conference of the South African Mathematical Society, UNISA, Pretoria. Vermeulen, J. 2000. More on hyperlocales. 5th Pan African Congress of Mathematicians, University of the Western Cape. Witten, G.Q. & Richardson, F.D. 2000. Dynamic control of ammonia and urea diffusion across rumen wall. Mathematical Modelling in Nutrition and the Health Sciences Conference, Penn State University, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Witten, G.Q. 2000. Modelling the control of energy partitioning between protein and fat during undernutrition. International Conference on Mathematical Biology, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A.

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Abu-Saman, A. 2000. Large Plastic Deformation and Shear Localization of Crystals. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Boersma, J.P. 2000. Global Dynamics of the Universe. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Britz, K. 2000. Power Constructs and propositional systems. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Dugmore, B.J. 2000. A Framework for Homotopy Theory and Differential Geometry in the Category of Frölicher spaces. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Gebbie, T. 2000. Temperature anisotropies. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Kalaichelvan, R. 2000. Function spaces and a problem of Banach. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Kirchner, U. 2000. A space-time approach to quantum mechanics. 2000. M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Cape Town. Laatz, C.D. 2000. The variational principle in gravitational and cosmological perturbation theory. M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Cape Town. Munganga, J.M.W. 2000. Existence and stability of solutions to the equations for fibre suspension flows. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Murugan, J. 2000. Geometrical and nonperturbative aspects of low-dimensional nonlinear field theories. M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Cape Town. Mustapha, N. 2000. Dynamical studies in relativistic cosmology. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Nhlengetfwa, M. 2000. A mathematical model of browse and herbage production in communal grazing lands of semi-arid regions. M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Cape Town. Phaswana, A.K. 2000. Improvement of solid phase transition simulations by developing the supporting database. M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Cape Town.

65 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Butterworth, D.S. 2000. CITES, IUCN and the precautionary principle, as they relate to classifying marine species as “endangered”. ISANA 22: 3-7. Ellis, G.F.R. 2000. Good Vibrations. Book review: The elegant universe: superstrings, hidden dimensions and the quest for the ultimate theory by Brian Greene. London Review of Books 22(7): 14. Plagányi, É.E. 2000. A whale in our wake - a review of boat-based whale-watching. Africa Environment and Wildlife 8(9): 30–33. Webb, J.H. 2000. The tenth Pan-African Mathematics Olympiad. Mathematics Competitions 13(1): 80- 89. Webb, J.H. (ed.) 2000. The 1999 U.C.T. Mathematics Competition. Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS

Butterworth, D.S. 2000. The whale-related proposals to CITES-2000. Presentation to briefing session for Carribean states held in St. Johns, Antigua, 1-5. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Some (hastily drafted!) overview comments and concerns. Submission to Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa, Rights Criteria Workshop, 1-2. Butterworth, D.S., Geromont, H.F. & Johnston, S.J. 2000. The application of a “management procedure” (MP) approach to Namibian fisheries. Presentation to Symposium 2000 – A Decade of Namibian Fisheries Science, Swakopmond, 1-8. Butterworth, D.S. & Punt, A.E. 2000. On the population states and trends of ‘J’ stock minke whales in the western North Pacific. International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/RMP2: 1-12. Butterworth, D.S. & Punt, A.E. 2000. On determining linkages between environmental factors and cetacean population dynamics. International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/E25: 1-10. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. An improved fishing rights allocation system for South Africa. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Internal Document: 1-5. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Aspects for a system for providing the Minister with advice on TAC levels (or similar controls) for SA fisheries. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Internal Document: 1-3. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. The evolution of management in existing fisheries; current approaches- modelling estimates; krill. In Kock, K-H. (ed.) Understanding CRAMIR’s Approach to Management. http://www.ccamlr.org/English/e_pubs/e_app_to_manag/e_app_page5.htm. Findlay, K.P., Cunningham, C.L. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. A first step towards a preliminary assessment of Southern hemisphere humpback whales. International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/IA5. Jipsen, P. 2000. Putting posets on the web. http://www.math.vanderbilt.edu/~pjipsen/gap/posets.html Jipsen, P. 2000. Deciding equations in residuated lattices. http:www.math.vanderbilt.edu/~pjipsen/rslat/reslat.html Perrin, W., Leaper, R., Plagányi, É.E., Butterworth, D.S. & Walloe, L. 2000. Bibliography on competition between marine mammals and fisheries (partially annotated). International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/E18: 1-8. Roberts, M. 2000. Quantum pertubative approach to discrete red shift. http://cosmology.mth.uct.ac.za/~roberts/4hcv/4hal3/qp.html

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

The Marine Resources Assessment and Management group (MARAM) carries out consultancy work for a number of agencies. Agencies for which such work was carried out in 2000 were: 1. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa: South African hake, rock lobster, sardine, anchovy, squid, horse-mackerel and abalone resources. 2. Gendor Fishing Company, Namibia (acting on behalf of the Namibian deepwater fisheries working group): orange roughy resource. 3. North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission: fin whale and Greenland beluga populations. 4. Fisheries Ministry, Japan: southern bluefin tuna. Faroese resource. 5. Cleary, Gottlieb, Hamilton and Steen (Washington, New York):Evidence to an UNCLES arbitral regarding southern bluefin tuna.

66 6. Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Namibia and Namibian Hake Association: Namibian hake resource. 7. East Coast Tuna Association, U.S.A. : North Atlantic bluefin tuna resource.

In addition to attending meetings associated with the activities above and various related symposia, group members also contributed to meetings of the International Whaling Commission’s (IWC’s) Scientific Committee, and meetings related to the Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). The latter improved both the triennial meeting of the parties to CITES and a meeting of Caribbean states in preparation thereof, as well as a meeting of the Food and Agriculture organisation of the United Nations (FAO) and working groups of CITES itself in relation to the reviews of CITES criteria for listing species as endangered.

Branch, T.A. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Estimates of abundance for nine frequently sighted cetacean species based on the 1978/79 to 1997/98 IWC/IDCR-SOWER sighting surveys. International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/O30:1–23. Branch, T.A. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Sensitivity of IWC/IDCR-SOWER abundance estimates to various options for analysis. International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/O32:1–7. Branch, T.A. & Pulfrich, A. 2000. Potential yield for three species of giant periwinkles east of Hangklip, Report to Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa: 1-24. Addendum to: Pulfrich, A. & Penney, A. 2000. Population dynamics and stock assessment of giant periwinkles, Turbo sarmaticus, Turbo cidaris and Oxystele sinensis in the south-western Cape, 1-66. Brandão, A. 2000. Annual swept-area estimates for Namibian orange roughy for 1998 and the period January to September 1999. Namibian Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Document: Wkshop/ORH/2000/Doc7:1–9. Brandão, A. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Are acoustic survey biomass estimates for orange roughy aggregations compatible with catch-induced depletion alone? Namibian Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Document: Wkshop/ORH/2000/Doc11:1–13. Brandão, A., Butterworth, D.S. & Best, P.B. 2000. Monitoring the long-term effects of boat-based whale watching on whales: testing the power of an existing time series to detect trends in demographic parameters of southern right whales. International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/WW14:1–9. Brandão, A., Butterworth, D.S. & Voges, L. 2000. The application of GLM analyses to the CPUE data for Namibian hake. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme Stock Assessment Workshop Document:BEN/NOV00/NH/2c:1–22. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Management and research implications of recent assessment results for the south coast rock lobster resource. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/07/00/SCL22:1–11. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Submission to the portfolio committee on environmental-related international conventions. Document submitted to the Portfolio Committee on Environmental Affairs and Tourism of the South African Parliament: 1–4. Butterworth, D.S. & Cunningham, C.L. 2000. Assessment of the east Greenland-Iceland fin whale population based upon a two sub-stock model with mixing. North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission Document: SC/8/FW/6 :1–15. Butterworth, D.S. & Geromont, H.F. 2000. Simulation testing as an approach to evaluate the reliability of assessment methods: an example involving initial consideration of the one/two stock hypothesis for north Atlantic Bluefin Tuna. International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna Document: SCRS/00/105:1–15, + Addendum: 1-4. Butterworth, D.S. & Geromont, H.F. 2000. Possible stock-structure hypotheses and mangement approaches for hake off southern Africa. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/NH3c: 1-6. Butterworth, D.S., Ianelli, J. N. & Hilborn, R. 2000. A statistical time-series model for stock assessment of southern bluefin tuna. Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna Document: CCSBT-SAP/0005/9: 1–69. Butterworth, D.S. & Johnston, S.J. 2000. Alternative timetable suggestions for the next round of revision of management practice for the west coast rock lobster resource. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/07/00/WCL28:1–2. Butterworth, D.S. & Johnston, S. J. 2000. Future research issues: west coast rock lobster. Marine and Coastal Management Document: WG/08/00/WCL30:1–3.

67 Butterworth, D.S. & Plagányi, É.E. 2000. Exploratory analyses of Southern Bluefin Tuna dynamics using production models. Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna Document: CCSBT-SWG/0011/16: 1–28. Butterworth, D.S., Plagányi, É.E. & Geromont, H.F. 2000. Resource assessment and projections using the HITTER-FITTER population model for the belugas off west Greenland. North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission Document: SC/8/BN/12:1–19. Butterworth, D.S., Ensor, P. & Findlay, K. 2000. Clarification of issues relevant to identification of blue whales raised during discussion of abundance estimates and population trends presented in SC/51/CAW535. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 2(Suppl.): 187-188. Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Some clarifications regarding data used for the estimation of blue and humpback whale abundance from IWC/IDCR-SOWER data in SC/51/CAW535. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 2(Suppl.): 190. Butterworth, D.S. & Matsuoka, K. 2000. Summary of Antarctic survey information for blue and humpback whales. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 2(Suppl.): 194-195. Dunsby, P.K.S. 2000. Special guest editor. General Relativity and Gravitation 32(6), June 2000. Geromont, H.F. 2000. Age-structured production model assessments and projections for the south coast rock lobster resource – a Bayesian approach. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/07/00/SCL21:1–29. Geromont, H.F. 2000. Final age-structured production model assessments and projections for the south coast rock lobster resource. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/07/00/SCL24:1–18. Geromont H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Clarification of queries raised in WG/03/00/SCL1 by OLRAC regarding south coast lobster assessments. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/03/00/SCL4: 1 –13. Geromont, H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Possible future research priorities for the south coast rock lobster resource assessments, projections and TAC recommendations. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/08/00/SCL26:1–3. Geromont, H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Final set of operating models proposed for south coast Merluccius capensis management procedure robustness trials. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/02/00/D:H:3:1–30. Geromont, H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Further management procedure development for south coast Merluccius capensis. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/02/00/D: H:4:1–3. Geromont, H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Initial set of candidate management procedures proposed for south coast Merluccius capensis east of 20°E. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/04/00/D:H:9:1–18. Geromont, H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Candidate management procedure robustness trials for south coast Merluccius capensis east of 20°E. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/06/00/D:H::12:1–23. Geromont, H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Assessments and projections of the Faroese fin whale resource using HITTER-FITTER. North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission Document: SC/8/FW/8: 1–21. Geromont, H.F. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Possible extensions to the ADAPT VPA model applied to western north Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, addressing in particular the need to account for “additional variance”. International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas Document: SCRS/00/33(rev): 1–38. Geromont, H.F., Butterworth, D.S., Burmeister, L.M., Dealy, F., van der Westhuizen, A. & Voges , L. 2000. Preliminary set of operating models proposed for the revised management procedure trials for the Namibian hake resource. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/NH3b: 1-35. Geromont, H.F. & Glazer, J.P. 2000. The 2000 revised management procedure for the South African south coast Merluccius capensis resource. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/06/00/D:H:20: 1–13. Glazer, J.P. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. A GLM applied to the trapboat CPUE data to derive correction factors to be applied to FIMS 2000. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/03/00/WCL11:1–5. Glazer, J.P., Butterworth, D.S. & Scott, L. 2000. Analyses of West Coast rock lobster CPUE and growth data by means of generalized linear models. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL2a: 1-25.

68 Johnston, S.J. 2000. Errors in WG/03/00/WCL13 and WCL14. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/06/00/WCL16:1–11. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Revised size-structured model assessment results for west coast rock lobster, with a proposed reference case for OMP testing. Marine and Coastal Management Document: WG/02/00/WCL:1:1–21. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Specifications and assumptions of the size-structure model for the South African west coast rock lobster which is to be used in developing an updated OMP for the resource, as at March 2000. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/03/00/WCL13:1–16. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Results for the current OMP used “as is” and a “re-tuned” OMP, calculated using the new reference case operating model and the new set of assumptions for the future. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/03/00/WCL14:1– 16. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Biological reference points associated with the new west coast rock lobster operating model. Marine and Coastal Management Document: WG/06/00/WCL15:1–12. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. OMP development for west coast rock lobster. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/06/00/WCL17:1–20. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Further adaptations and results for the new OMP for west coast rock lobster. Marine and Coastal Management Document: WG/07/00/WCL27:1–20. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. TAC(2000) probability distributions associated with various management targets. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Document: WG/07/00/WCL29:1–3. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Introduction to the South African West Coast rock lobster fishery. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/1a: 1-18. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Data available for South African West Coast rock lobster stock assessment and OMP implementation. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/1b: 1-15. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. The somatic growth model for the South African West Coast rock lobster. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/3a: 1-9. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Model specifications and assumptions of the size-structured model for the South African West Coast rock lobster. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/3b: 1-32. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. A note on differences in size-structured model assessment results for the South African West Coast rock lobster reported in documents BEN/NOV00/WCRL/3b and BEN/NOV00/WCRL/3c + 4b. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL3f: 1-6. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Key uncertainties of the size-structured model and future assumptions regarding the dynamics of the South African West Coast rock lobster. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/4a: 1-9. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Current Operational Management Procedure for West Coast rock lobster. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/5a: 1-41. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Updates on the current OMP for South African West Coast rock lobster. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/5c: 1-6. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. South African West Coast rock lobster: issues requiring further attention. Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction and Training Programme: Stock Assessment Workshop Document: BEN/NOV00/WCRL/6a: 1-5. Johnston, S.J. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Examination of a potential Strike Limit Algorithm for the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas stock of bowhead whales. International Whaling Commission Document: SC/52/AWMP6:1–8. Plagányi, É.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Summary of available data for abalone in zones A, B, D and subareas CNP and CP, collated assuming standardised fishing years. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/04/01:1–26.

69 Plagányi, É.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Modification of the age-structured production model (ASPM) to allow for fluctuations about the stock-recruit relationship. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/04/02:1–15. Plagányi, É.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Incorporating spatial considerations into the abalone ASPM for zone C. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/05/01: 1–25. Plagányi, É.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Development of an inshore/offshore model for abalone. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/06/AB02:1–12. Plagányi, É.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Base-case 2000 abalone resource assessment for zone C. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/07/01:1–21. Plagányi, É.E. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Abalone resource assessment and projections for zones A, B and D. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/07/02:1–22. Plagányi, É.E. 2000. Updated abalone resource assessment and projections for zone B. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/08/02:1–10. Plagányi, É.E. 2000. Current replacement yields for zones A, C and D. Marine and Coastal Management, South Africa Abalone Working Group Document: WG/00/08/03:1–2. Takahashi, N., Tsuji, S., Itoh, T., Butterworth, D.S. & Hiramatsa, K. 2000. Report of the 1999 experimental fishing program for southern bluefin tuna: II. Estimation of “R” values. Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna Document: CCSBT-SWG/0011/10: 1-22. Takahashi, N., Tsuji, S., Itoh, T. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Report of the 1999 experimental fishing program for southern bluefin tuna: III. Feasibility study for a systematic sampling scheme. Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna Document: CCSBT-SWG/0011/11: 1-24. Tsuji, S., Takahashi, N., Itoh, T., Shono, H. & Butterworth, D.S. 2000. Executive summary of the three years’ experimental fishing programme (EFP) by Japan. Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna Document: CCSBT-SWG/0011/06: 1-22.

70

DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Professor Jennifer A. Thomson

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Microbiology University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-3270 Fax: SA (21) 689-7573 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/microbiology

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

Research in microbiology at UCT involves extensive use of the tools of molecular biology. It covers bacteria and viruses important to industry, agriculture, mariculture, medicine, and human health. Areas of interest include metabolic engineering of Clostridium acetobutylicum; degradation of fibre by rumen and ostrich-gut anaerobic bacteria; the development of transgenic, virus-resistant crops; the molecular virology of maize streak virus and the use of it and related viruses for the production of useful foreign proteins in plants; DNA damage in indigenous plants as a result of ozone depletion; algal biotechnology; development of probiotics for maricultured abalone; investigations into the human pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio cholerae and Bacteroides fragilis; the use of bifidobacteria as probiotics; molecular characterization of drought tolerance in the South African resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa; genetic engineering of crop plants (e.g. maize) for improved tolerance to drought; and novel antibiotics from soil and marine actinomycetes. Members of the Department collaborate with scientists from the Departments of Zoology, Botany, Biochemistry, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, the National Botanical Institute, the Peninsula Technikon, the University of Durban-Westville, the University of the Western Cape, as well as internationally with scientists from the United Kingdom, Belgium, the USA, Canada, France, Germany and New Zealand. Although most of the post-graduate students are South African, they also come from Botswana, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Malawi and Mauritius.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG-TERM STUDENTS CONTRACT STAFF Professors 1 Post-doctoral 4 Associate Professors 1 Doctoral 19 Senior Lecturers 3 Masters 12 Lecturers 2 Honours 6 Research Staff 3 Undergraduate 100 Technical Support Staff 4 TOTAL 141 Administrative and Clerical Staff 2 TOTAL 16

71 RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor Jennifer Thomson Head of Department; biological control of plant diseases; transgenic plants; fibre-degrading bacteria Associate Professor Edward Rybicki plant-derived vaccines; geminivirus; potyvirus; maize streak virus; molecular virology; biotechnology; viral molecular systematics Dr Sharon Reid Senior Lecturer; Gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria; Corynebacterium; Clostridium; Bifidobacterium; gene regulation of nitrogen- and carbon-substrate utilisation; probiotics; molecular systematics; fibre-degrading bacteria Dr Vernon Coyne Senior Lecturer; marine biotechnology; marine microbiology; mariculture; abalone; macroalgae; pathogenesis; Vibrio cholerae; melanin biosynthesis Dr Val Abratt Senior Lecturer; Bacteroides fragilis; nitrogen metabolism; virulence; metronidazole; DNA damage and repair; Bifidobacterium; probiotics; science education Dr Sagadevan Mundree Lecturer; environmental stress tolerance; regulation of plant gene expression; genetic engineering for drought tolerance; resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa; Arabidopsis thaliana Dr Paul Meyers Lecturer; bacterial metabolism; bacterial taxonomy; actinomycetes; Streptomyces; “bioprospecting”; novel antibacterial agents; polyphosphate; Mycobacterium tuberculosis

CONTRACT RESEARCH STAFF

Dr Inga Becker-Hitzeroth Post-doctoral fellow; plant-derived vaccines; human papilloma viruses Dr Ann Jaffray Post-doctoral fellow; plant-derived vaccines; human immunodeficiency virus Dr P. Kurian Pius Post-doctoral fellow; environmental stress tolerance; regulation of plant gene expression; genetic engineering for drought tolerance Dr Fiona Tanzer Post-doctoral fellow; plant-derived vaccines; human immunodeficiency virus

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES de Villiers, S.M., Kamo, K., Thomson, J.A., Bornman, C.H. & Berger, D.K. 2000. Biolistic transformation of Ornithogalum and regeneration of transgenic plants. Physiologia Plantarum 109:450-455. Downing, K.J. & Thomson, J.A. 2000. Introduction of the Serratia marcescens chiA gene into an endophytic Pseudomonas fluorescens for the biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 46:363-369. Downing, K.J., Leslie, G. & Thomson, J. 2000. Biocontrol of sugarcane borer Eldana saccharina by expression of the Bacillus thuringiensis cry1AC7 and Serratia marcescens chiA genes in sugarcane-associated bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66:2804–2810. Gardner, M.N. & Rawlings, D.E. 2000. Production of rhodanese by bacteria present in bio-oxidation plants used to recover gold from arsenopyrite concentrates. Journal of Applied Microbiology 89:185-190. Hackland, A.F., Coetzer, C.T., Rybicki, E.P. & Thomson, J.A. 2000. Genetically engineered resistance in tobacco against South African strains of tobacco necrosis and cucumber mosaic viruses. South African Journal of Science 96:33-38. Martin, D.P. & Rybicki, E.P. 2000. Improved efficiency of Zea mays agroinoculation with maize streak virus. Plant Disease 84:1096-1098.

72 Martin, D.P. & Rybicki, E.P. 2000. RDP: detection of recombination amongst aligned sequences. Bioinformatics 16:562-563. Mundree, S.G., Whittaker, A., Thomson, J.A. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. An aldose reductase homologue from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. Planta 211:639–700. Quixley, K.M. & Reid, S.J. 2000. Construction of a reporter gene vector for Clostridium beijerinckii using a Clostridium endoglucanase gene. Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology 2:53-57. Williamson, C., Morris, L., Rybicki, E.P. & Williamson, A.-L. 2000. Designing HIV-1 subtype C vaccines for South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96:318-324.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Coyne, V.E. 2000. Marine microbial biodiversity. In Durham, B.D. & Pauw, J.C. (eds) Summary marine biodiversity status report for South Africa:47-49. Pretoria: National Research Foundation. Mundree, S.G. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Some physiological and molecular insights into the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. In Cherry, J. (ed.) Plant tolerance to abiotic stresses in agriculture: role of genetic engineering:201-222. Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Singh, N.K., Mundree, S.G. & Locy, R.D. 2000. Novel determinants of salinity tolerance. In Cherry, J. (ed.) Plant tolerance to abiotic stresses in agriculture: role of genetic engineering:131-138. Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Abrahams, G.L., Iles, K.D. & Abratt, V.R. 2000. Regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase activity in Bacteroides fragilis. Anaerobe 2000: International Congress of the Confederation of Anaerobe Societies, Manchester, England. Ah Tow, L. & Coyne, V.E. 2000. The effect of ompB on melanogenesis in Vibrio cholerae 569B. 5th International Marine Biotechnology Conference, Townsville, Australia. Garwe, D., Thomson, J.A. & Mundree, S.G. 2000. Molecular characterization of XVCOR, a stress- responsive gene from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. Gordon Research Conference, Tilton, New Hampshire, U.S.A. Kensley, J.A. & Reid, S.J. 2000. Trehalose biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum and other Gram positive bacteria. BioY2K Combined Millenium Meeting, Grahamstown, South Africa. Koch, C.L. & Abratt, V.R. 2000. Cloning and characterisation of the UDP-glucose dehydrogenase gene of Bacteroides fragilis BF1. Anaerobe 2000: International Congress of the Confederation of Anaerobe Societies, Manchester, England. Mundree, S.G. 2000. Improving stress tolerance in plants by using genes isolated from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. Invited talk, Gordon Research Conference, Tilton, New Hampshire, U.S.A. Mundree, S.G., Whittaker, A., Thomson, J.A. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. An aldose reductase homologue from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker confers osmotic stress tolerance to Escherichia coli. 6th International Congress of Plant Molecular Biology, Quebec, Canada. Ndima, T.B., Farrant, J.M., Thomson, J.A. & Mundree, S.G. 2000. Molecular characterization of two dehydration-responsive genes from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa Baker. Third International Workshop on Desiccation Tolerance and Sensitivity of Seeds and Vegetative Plant Tissues. Itala Game Reserve, South Africa. Reid, S.J., Rafudeen, M.S. & Leat, N.G. 2000. Regulation of the sucrose operon in Clostridium beijerinckii 8052. BioY2K Combined Millenium Meeting, Grahamstown, South Africa. Russouw, T., Reid, S.J. & Thomson, J.A. 2000. Identification and characterisation of the fibre-digesting bacteria isolated for the digestive tract of the ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus). BioY2K Combined Millenium Meeting, Grahamstown, South Africa. Schroeder, D.C. & Coyne, V.E. 2000. Investigation of the role of the agarase of Pseudoalteromonas gracilis in eliciting disease symptoms in the red alga, Gracilaria gracilis. 5th International Marine Biotechnology Conference, Townsville, Australia. Schulz, A.A. & Reid, S.J. 2000. Studies on nitrogen metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum. BioY2K Combined Millenium Meeting, Grahamstown, South Africa. Ten Doeschate, K.I., Macey, B.M. & Coyne, V.E. 2000. Characterisation of the enteric bacteria of the abalone Haliotis midae, and their role in the digestion of ingested seaweed. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town, South Africa.

73 Trindade, I.M., Reid, S.J. & Abratt, V.R. 2000. Genetic characterisation of carbohydrate metabolism in Bifidobacterium. Anaerobe 2000: International Congress of the Confederation of Anaerobe Societies, Manchester, England. Van der Willigen, C., Pammenter, N.W., Mundree, S.G. & Farrant, J.M. 2000. Some physiological comparisons between the resurrection grass Eragrostis nindensis and the closely related desiccation sensitive species E. curvula. Third International Workshop on Desiccation Tolerance and Sensitivity of Seeds and Vegetative Plant Tissues. Itala Game Reserve, South Africa. Walford, S.A., Thomson, J.A. & Mundree, S.G. 2000. Genetic engineering for drought tolerance using ALDRXV4, an aldose reductase homologue from the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa. BioY2K Combined Millenium Meeting, Grahamstown, South Africa.

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES de Villiers, S.M. 2000. Microprojectile-mediated transformation of Ornithogalum thyrsoides hybrid A2:1-152. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Jooste, A.E.C. 2000. Isolation, identification and characterisation of three viruses of Pisum sativum in South Africa:1-128. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Ndima, T. 2000. Gene expression associated with drought tolerance in Xerophyta viscosa (Baker):1-103. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Russouw, T. 2000. Molecular characterization of the fibre–digesting bacteria isolated from the ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus) hindgut:1-155. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Stutz, H. 2000. Regulation and characterisation of the nitrogen assimilatory gene cluster in Clostridium acetobutylicum P262:1-224. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Rybicki, E.P., Williamson, A.-L. & Morris, L. 2000. AIDS dissidents aren't victims - but the people their ideas kill will be. Nature 405:273. Rybicki, E.P. 2000. On the Net 10: a regular column on virology for Virus International. (Elsevier Science) [http://www.virusint.com/doc/on_the_net_frm.html]. Rybicki, E.P., Williamson, A.-L. & Morris, L. 2000. Open letter to President Mbeki. Daily Mail & Guardian 9th May [http://www.mg.co.za/mg/news/2000may1/9may-aids.html]. Rybicki, E.P. 2000. HIV/AIDS Information for the public interest [http://www.uct.ac.za/microbiology/HIVAIDS.htm]. Rybicki, E.P. 2000. Uganda Ebola outbreak 2000. [http://www.uct.ac.za/microbiology/ugandaebola.htm]. Thomson, J.A. 2000. Report on GMOs at World Economic Forum. ISB News Report April:2. Thomson, J.A. & Chen, Z.L. 2000. Biotech isn’t a luxury in some nations. Los Angeles Times, Home Edition, Metro Section 10th April. Thomson, J.A. 2000. Genetically Modified Crops and Foods. Green & Gold June:10. Thomson, J.A. 2000. OCED Conference on GM Food Safety. ISB News Report June:1-3. Thomson, J.A. 2000. The poor need biotechnology to reduce hunger in Third World. Chicago Tribune 27th July. Thomson, J.A. 2000. The poor need biotechnology to reduce hunger in Third World. Center for International Development at Harvard University (CID) 4th September. Thomson, J.A. 2000. The poor need biotechnology to reduce hunger in Third World. Christian Science Monitor 13th November.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

Associate Professor Ed Rybicki is a consultant to the International Service for Acquisition of Agri- Biotech Applications (ISAAA) for maize streak virus research projects, as well as to the Ecoport database of the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN for virus information. Dr Val Abratt has been involved in a collaborative project with PenTech in a biology teacher in-service training program. She has co-authored a school textbook for Francolin Press: "Practical biology: a classroom resource for teachers and learners". Dr Abratt is also involved in practical biology workshops (a series of laboratory workshops, incorporating a novel research-based teaching approach, to provide in-service training for teachers working at previously disadvantaged schools).

74

DEPARTMENT OF OCEANOGRAPHY (Including the Research Diving Unit)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Professor Geoff Brundrit

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Oceanography University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-3277/8 Fax: SA (21) 650-3979 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.sea.uct.ac.za

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The Department of Oceanography is the major focus for research in physical oceanography and ocean climatology in South Africa and elsewhere in Africa. Seven scientists in the Department have been evaluated in the review process of the National Research Foundation, one in the category: “Researchers who, without doubt, are accepted by their peers as being world leaders for the high quality and impact of their recent research outputs”, four in the category: “Researchers who enjoy considerable international recognition as independent researchers for the high quality of their research outputs” and two in the category: “Established researchers who, as individuals or as members of a team, produce research outputs of an international standard which are appreciated by the science, engineering or technology community either internationally or nationally”. Active international associations are maintained by collaborative projects with the Netherlands, France, Germany, USA and the European Union. The Department maintains close contact with marine science activities in the governmental, private and academic sectors in South Africa and into Africa. The UCT Research Diving Unit (RDU) is housed within the Department and is fully equipped with a decompression chamber and compressor. Most scientific diving at UCT is carried out in conjunction with the RDU.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM HONORARY STAFF CONTRACT STAFF Honorary Professor 1 Professors 2 Honorary Research Associates 9 Associate Professor 1 TOTAL 10 Lecturer 1 Research Staff 6 STUDENTS Technical Support Staff 2 Post-doctoral Fellow 1 Administrative and Clerical Staff 2 p/t Doctoral 10 TOTAL 14 Masters 15 Honours 3 Undergraduate 87 TOTAL 116

75 RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor G.B. Brundrit Head of Department; operational oceanography Professor J.R.E. Lutjeharms ocean climate Associate Professor F.A. Shillington shelf oceanography Dr H.N. Waldron Lecturer; environmental oceanography Mr P. Hanekom Diving Supervisor; ocean diving

CONTRACT RESEARCH STAFF

Dr I. Ansorge Southern Ocean Dr H. Mulenga climate impacts Dr A. Richardson fisheries oceanography Dr M. Rouault ocean atmosphere interaction Ms I. Stachlewska modelling Ms L.A. Staegemann Research Assistant

HONORARY PROFESSOR

Professor L.V. Shannon Benguela ecosystem

HONORARY RESEARCH ASSOCIATES

Dr A. Bakun fisheries oceanography Dr P. Cury fish-environment interactions Dr K. Findlay whales Dr P. Freon fisheries models Dr P.A. Hulley deep-sea fish distribution Dr J. Largier-Brown coastal studies Dr C. Mullon biological modelling Dr C. Roy shelf circulation modelling Ms S.J. Weeks oceanography from space

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

Dr Y. You Flinders University, Australia - water mass analysis

76 Dr W. Emery University of Colorado, United States of America - physical oceanography Dr G. Reuter University of Alberta, Canada - cloud modelling Dr I. Jobard LMD, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France - satellite remote sensing (rainfall, clouds) N. Fauchereau CRC, Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, France - climatology Dr L. Nykjaer JRC, Ispra, Italy, EU ENVIFISH project co-ordinator Professor J. Simpson University of Bangor, Wales, U.K. - physical oceanography

POST-DOCTORAL FELLOW

Dr J. Schrijvers coastal studies

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Ansorge, I.J. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Twenty-five years of physical oceanographic research at the Prince Edward Islands. South African Journal of Science 96:557-565. Bakun, A. & Cury, P. 1999. The “school trap”: a mechanism promoting large-amplitude out-of-phase population oscillations of small pelagic fish species. Ecology Letters 2:349-351. Cury, P., Bakun, A., Crawford, R.J.M., Jarre, A., Quiñones, R.A., Shannon, L.J. & Verheye, H.M. 2000. Small pelagics in upwelling systems: patterns of interaction and structural changes in “wasp- waist” ecosystems. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:603-618. Cury, P. & Pauly, D. 2000. Patterns and propensities in reproduction and growth of marine fishes. Ecological Research 15:101-106. Jury, M.R., Mulenga, H. & Rautenbach, H. 2000. Tropical Atlantic variability and Indo-Pacific ENSO: statistical analysis and numerical simulation. The Global Atmosphere and Ocean System 7:107- 124. Lutjeharms, J.R.E., Cooper, J. & Roberts, M. 2000. Upwelling at the inshore edge of the Agulhas Current. Continental Shelf Research 20:737-761. Lutjeharms, J.R.E. & Rouault, M. 2000. Observations of cloud formation above Agulhas Current intrusions in the southeast Atlantic. South African Journal of Science 96:557-580. Lutjeharms, J.R.E., de Ruijter, W.P.M., Ridderinkhof, H., van Aken, H., Veth, C., van Leeuwen, P.J., Drijfhout, S.S., Jansen, J.H.F. & Brummer, G.J.A. 2000. MARE and ACSEX: new research programmes on the Agulhas Current system. South African Journal of Science 96:105-110. Lutjeharms, J.R.E., Valentine, H.R. & van Ballegooyen, R.C. 2000. The hydrography and water masses of the Natal Bight, South Africa. Continental Shelf Research 20:1907-1939. Lutjeharms, J.R.E., Wedepohl, P.M. & Meeuwis, J.M. 2000. On the surface drift of the East Madagascar and Mozambique Currents. South African Journal of Science 96:141-147. Pakhomov, E.A., Ansorge, I.J. & Froneman, P.W. 2000. Variability in the inter-island environment of the Prince Edward Islands (Southern Ocean). Polar Biology 23:593-603. Pakhomov, E.A., Froneman, P.W., Ansorge, I.J. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Temporal variability in the physico-biological environment of the Prince Edward Islands (Southern Ocean). Journal of Marine Systems 26:75-95. Penven, P., Roy, C., Colin de Verdiére, A. & Largier, J. 2000. Simulation and quantification of an upwelling induced retention process using a barotropic model. Oceanologica Acta 23:615-634. Perissinotto, R., Lutjeharms, J.R.E. & van Ballegooyen, R.C. 2000. Biological-physical interactions and pelagic productivity at the Prince Edward Islands, Southern Ocean. Journal of Marine Systems 24:327-341. Reason, C.J.C. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Modelling multidecadal variability in the South Indian Ocean region: local forcing or a near-global mode? South African Journal of Science 96:127- 135. Richard, Y., Trzaska, S., Roucou, P. & Rouault, M. 2000. Modification of the southern African rainfall variability/ENSO relationship since the late 1960s. Climate Dynamics 16:883-895.

77 Richardson, A.J., Maharaj, G., Compagno, L.J.V., Leslie, R.W., Ebert, D.A. & Gibbons, M.J. 2000. Abundance, distribution, morphometrics, reproduction and diet of the Izak catshark. Journal of Fish Biology 56:552-576. Rouault, M., Lee-Thorp, A.M. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. The atmospheric boundary layer above the Agulhas Current during alongcurrent winds. Journal of Physical Oceanography 30:40-50. Rouault, M. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Air-sea exchange over an Agulhas eddy at the subtropical convergence. The Global Atmosphere and Ocean System 7:125-150. Schouten, M.W., de Ruijter, W.P.M., van Leeuwen P.J. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Translation, decay and splitting of Agulhas rings in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 105:21913-21925. Shannon, L.J., Cury, P.M. & Jarre, A. 2000. Modelling effects of fishing in the southern Benguela ecosystem. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:720-722. Van Leeuwen, P.J., de Ruijter, W.P.M. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Natal pulses and the formation of Agulhas rings. Journal of Geophysical Research 105:6425-6436. Wedepohl, P.M., Lutjeharms, J.R.E. & Meeuwis, J.M. 2000. Surface drift in the south-east Atlantic Ocean. South African Journal of Marine Science 22:71-79.

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Ansorge, I.J. 2000. The hydrography and dynamics of the general oceanic environment of the Prince Edward Islands: 1-162. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Krige, L. 2000. SOFAR signal shaping; influence of topography and relative source depth: 1-103. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Wainman, C.K. 2000. Sea water quality and processes in Simon’s Bay: 1-59. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Whittle, C.P. 2000. A descriptive analysis of the genesis and translation of a dipole vortex from the Agulhas retroflection region: 1-133. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Ansorge, I.J. & Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Twenty-five years of physical oceanographic research at the Prince Edward Islands. South African Journal of Science (Review article) 96:557-566. Boebel, O., Barron, C., Richardson, P., Lutjeharms, J. & Davis, R. 2000. Mixing of Antarctic intermediate water from the Atlantic and Indian Ocean at the Agulhas retroflection. International WOCE Newsletter 39:9-12. Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Frontal structures and eddy formation in the greater Agulhas Current system. Oceanic fronts and related phenomena. International Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 159:320-325. Lutjeharms, J.R.E. 2000. Weerkunde vir suidelike Afrika. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 19:123-124.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS

Boebel, O., Anderson-Fontana, S., Schmid, C., Ansorge, I., Lazarevich, P., Lutjeharms, J., Prater, M., Rossby, T. & Zenk, W. 2000. KAPEX RAFOS Float Data Report 1997-1999. Part A: The Agulhas- and South Atlantic current components. GSO Technical Report 2000-2; UCT Oceanography Report 2000-1; Berichte aus dem Institut fuer Meereskunde an der Christian- Albrechts-Universitaet - Kiel, IFM 319:1-194.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

The Centre for Marine Studies - see separate entry.

78

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT – Professor D.G. Aschman

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Physics University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 Telephone: SA (21) 650-3326 Fax: SA (21) 650-3342 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/physics

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The Department is accommodated in the R.W. James Building, which houses research laboratories equipped for nuclear physics, laser optics (high power Nd:YAG laser), high resolution X-ray diffraction, X-ray stress determination, and positron beam physics. Additional facilities available to the Department are provided by the National Accelerator Centre (200 MeV cyclotron and a 5 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator) used for Rutherford back-scattering and channeling. A microprobe is attached.

Ongoing research activities include:

Nuclear Physics: Charge exchange and transfer reactions, nuclear fission, radiative capture experiments, heavy ion reactions, multigamma decay of fission fragments. Interrogation of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in bulk samples using neutrons. Strong field QED tests using multi-GeV leptons on oriented crystalline matter (CERN/NA43 experiment). Generation of high energy polarised photons (CERN/NA59 experiment) for spin structure function study. Heavy ion channeling and electron capture for 33 TeV ions in gas targets.

Theoretical Physics comprising: Structure of elementary particles: properties of ordinary and exotic hadrons in the framework of perturbative cavity quantum chromodynamics. Relativistic nuclear collisions: strangeness as an observable in quark-gluon plasma, formation of quark-gluon plasma in nuclear collisions. Weak interactions: coherent neutrino interaction with matter, weak decays of particles. Quantum field theory: vacuum structure in quantum electrodynamics and chromodynamics. Casimir effect in cavity field theories. Quantum field theory at finite temperature and density. Heavy neutrino astrophysics: gravitational phase transition of heavy neutrino matter and the formation of supermassive degenerate heavy neutrino stars in the early universe. Clustering in nuclei: alpha and exotic decay, band structure, superdeformation.

Solid State Physics comprising: Structural and electrical properties of thin films. Near-surface defect profiling in thin film and bulk structures. Positron surface interactions, including positronium formation, surface defects and free positron emission. Computational and experimental studies of light particle dynamics in condensed matter. Stress determination in polycrystalline materials, including non- destructive depth profiling and bulk measurements. High resolution X-ray diffraction in heterogeneous single crystal materials. Modelling of distributions of three dimensional strain states within the framework of continuum field theory.

Chemical Physics: Line shapes of molecular spectra. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy; non- linear optics; image analysis.

79 Physics Education: Theories of instruction and learning, curriculum design and evaluating teaching methodologies, language issues in the numerate sciences.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM NRF RESEARCH FELLOWS CONTRACT STAFF Professors 5 Research Fellows 3 Associate Professors 5 TOTAL 3 Senior Lecturers 4 Lecturers 2 STUDENTS Technical Support Staff 5 Doctoral 12 Administrative and Secretarial Staff 4 Masters 11 TOTAL 25 Honours 6 Undergraduate 1333 TOTAL 1362 HONORARY STAFF Emeritus Professor 1 Honorary Research Associates 5 TOTAL 6

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor David G. Aschman Head of Department; experimental nuclear physics Professor Jean W.A. Cleymans theoretical physics Professor Cesáreo A. Dominguez theoretical particle physics Professor Sandro M. Perez theoretical nuclear physics Professor Raoul D. Viollier theoretical particle physics and astrophysics Associate Professor M. Saalih Allie experimental nuclear physics; physics education Associate Professor David T. Britton solid state physics Associate Professor Craig M. Comrie solid state physics Associate Professor H. Stephen T. Driver experimental modern optics Associate Professor Gerald N.vdH. Robertson experimental modern optics Dr. Donald Ball Senior Lecturer; experimental modern optics Dr. Andrew Buffler Senior Lecturer; experimental nuclear physics; physics education Dr. Roger W. Fearick Senior Lecturer: experimental nuclear physics Dr. Margit Härting Senior Lecturer; solid state physics Dr. Zeblon Z. Vilakazi Lecturer; experimental nuclear/particle physics

80 RESEARCH ASSOCIATES

Emeritus Professor Frank Brooks experimental nuclear physics Dr. Duncan Elliott theoretical particle physics Dr. Mirela Fetea theoretical particle physics Dr. Georgi Kyrchev theoretical particle physics and astrophysics Dr. Robert Lindebaum theoretical particle physics and astrophysics Dr. Gary Tupper theoretical particle physics and astrophysics

RESEARCH FELLOWS

Dr. Remy Bucher solid state physics Dr. Angela Hempel solid state physics Dr. Maren Hempel solid state physics

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

Professor Masud Chaichian Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Finland - theoretical particle physics Dr. Burkhard Kaempfer Rossendorf Forschungszentrum, Dresden, Germany - theoretical particle physics Professor Karl Schilcher Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany - theoretical particle physics Dr. Nick van Eijndhoven Department of Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University, The Netherlands - theoretical particle physics

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Ball, D. & van Wyk, J.A. 2000. The electron paramagnetic resonance of Fe3+ observed in two axial sites in synthetic single crystals of zircon (ZrSi O4). Physica Status Solidi B218:545-551. Baurichter, A., Biino, C., Clement, M., Doble, N., Elsener, K., Fidecaro, G., Freund, A., Gatignon, L., Grafstrom, P., Gyr, M., Hage-Ali, M., Herr, W., Keppler, P., Kirsebom, K., Klem, J., Major, J., Medenwaldt, R., Mikkelsen, U., Moller, S.P., Siffert, P., Uggerhoj, E., Vilakazi, Z.Z. & Weisse, E. 2000. Channeling of high-energy particles in bent crystals: experiments at the CERN SPS. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B164-165:27. Bilić, N., Nikolić, H. & Viollier, R.D. 2000. Fermion stars as gravitational lenses. Astrophysical Journal 537:909-915. Britton, D.T., Wigger, G.A. & Seeger, A. 2000. Application of the Fermi age theory to the penetration of positrons in solids. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B164-165:337-343. Britton, D.T., Hempel, A., Knoesen, D., Bauer-Kugelmann, W. & Triftshäuser, W. 2000. Structural characterisation of hydrogenated a-Si using slow positron beam techniques. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B164-165:1010-1015. Buck, B., Merchant, A.C. & Perez, S.M. 2000. Cluster model interpretation of normal and superdeformed bands in 60Zn. Physical Review C61:014310-1--014310-4. Buck, B., Merchant, A.C., Horner, M.J. & Perez, S.M. 2000. Choosing cluster and core in cluster models of nuclei. Physical Review C61:024314-1--024314-5. Buck, B., Merchant, A.C., Horner, M.J. & Perez, S.M. 2000. Normal and superdeformed cluster bands in heavy nuclei. Nuclear Physics A673:157-170.

81 Buck, B., Merchant, A.C. & Perez, S.M. 2000. Cluster selection in binary cluster models. Few Body Systems 29:53-60. Campbell, B., Allie, S., Buffler, A., Kaunda, L. & Lubben, F. 2000. The communication of laboratory investigations by university entrants. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 37(8):839-853. Cleymans, J., Oeschler, H. & Redlich, K. 2000. Statistical model description of K+ and K– production between 1-GeV/A to 10-GeV/A. Physics Letters B485:27-31. Comrie, C.M. & Newman, R.T. 2000. Reply to “Comment on ‘Dominant diffusing species during cobalt silicide formation’” (Journal of Applied Physics 79:153-156, 1996). Journal of Applied Physics 87:8218-8219. Dominguez, C.A. & Loewe, M. 2000. Axial anomaly, vector meson dominance and pi-zero to two photons. Physics Letters B481:295-298. Dominguez, C.A. & Schilcher, K. 2000. Is there evidence for dimension-two corrections in QCD two- point functions? Physical Review D61:114020-1--114020-5. Dominguez, C.A., van Gend, C. & Loewe, M. 2000. Thermal behaviour of the axial vector coupling constant. Nuclear Physics B (Proceedings Supplement) 86:413-416. Elliott, D.M. & Rischke, D.H. 2000. Chemical equilibration of quarks and gluons at RHIC and LHC energies. Nuclear Physics A671:583-608. Fearick, R.W. 2000. Approach to transverse equilibrium in axial channeling. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B164-165:88-96. Härting, M. & Hempel, M. 2000. Characterisation of residual stress and microstructure in bioactive coatings for titanium alloy hip implants. Materials Science Forum 347-349:580-585. Hempel, M. & Härting, M. 2000. X-ray stress determination in diamond hard coatings. Materials Science Forum 347-349:411-416. Hofmann, R., Gutsche, T., Schumann, M. & Viollier, R.D. 2000. Vacuum structure of a modified MIT bag. European Physical Journal C16:677-681. Nagai, Y., Hasegawa, M., Tang, Z., Hempel, A., Yubuta, K., Shimamura, T., Kawazoe, Y., Kawai, A. & Kano, F. 2000. Positron confinement in ultrafine embedded particles: quantum-dot-like state in an Fe-Cu alloy. Physical Review B61(10):6574-6578. Nemutudi, R.S., Comrie, C.M. & Churms, C.L. 2000. Study of Pt/Ge interaction in a lateral diffusion couple by microbeam Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Thin Solid Films 358:270-276. Schumann, M., Lindebaum, R.J. & Viollier, R.D. 2000. Hadron masses in cavity quantum 2 chromodynamics to order αs European Physical Journal C16:331-336. Tupper, G.B., Lindebaum, R.J. & Viollier, R.D. 2000. Gauging the shadow sector with SO(3). Modern Physics Letters A15:1221-1225.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Dominguez, C.A. & Schilcher, K. 2000. Finite energy chiral sum rules in QCD. In Dominguez, C.A. & Viollier, R.D. (eds) Weak Interactions and Neutrinos (WIN99), Singapore, World Scientific, 104-109. Härting, M., Hempel, M. & Bucher, R. 2000. Stress determination in plasma-sprayed bioactive coatings by means of X-ray diffraction. In Bouchard, J. et al. (eds) Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Residual Stresses (ICRS-6), Oxford, UK, Institute of Materials (IOM) Communications, 399-406. Härting, M., Hempel, M. & Eigenmann, B. 2000. X-ray analysis of steep near-surface residual stress gradients. In Bouchard, J. et al. (eds) Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Residual Stresses (ICRS-6), Oxford, UK, Institute of Materials (IOM) Communications, London, 444- 450. Heimann, R.B., Großmann, O., Hempel, M., Bucher, R. & Härting, M. 2000. Phase content, resorption resistance and residual stresses of bioceramic coatings. In Rammlmair, D., Mederer, J., Oberthür, Th., Heimann, R.B. & Pentinghaus, H. (eds) Proceedings of 6th International Congress on Applied Mineralogy (ICAM 2000), Göttingen, Germany, 155-158. Hempel, A., Hasegawa, M., Brauer, G., Plazaola, F., Saneyasu, M. & Tang, Z. 2000. Effects of neutron irradiation on positron lifetime and micro-Vickers hardness of Fe-Cu model alloys and reactor pressure vessel steel. In Ford, F.P., Bruemmer, S.M. & Was, G.S. (eds) Proceedings of Ninth International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems – Water Reactors, Newport Beach, California, USA, 835-844.

82 Hempel, M., Bucher, R. & Härting, M. 2000. Bioactive coatings for titanium alloy hip implants characterised by X-ray diffraction. In Adali, S., Morozov, E.V. & Verijenko, V. (eds) Proceedings of International Conference on Applied Mechanics (SACAM 2000), University of Natal, Durban, Centre for Composite Materials and Structures (CCMS), SA, 703-708. Lindebaum, R.J., Tupper, G.B. & Viollier, R.D. 2000. Particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology with forbidden neutrinos. In Dominguez, C.A. & Viollier, R.D. (eds) Weak Interactions and Neutrinos (WIN99), Singapore, World Scientific, 200-206. Oeschler, H., Cleymans, J. & Redlich, K. 2000. Particle production in heavy ion collisions at SIS energies: thermal equilibrium versus dynamics. In Buballa, M., Nöerenberg, W., Schaefer, B-J. & Wambach, J. (eds) Proceedings of 28th International Workshop on Gross Properties of Nuclei and Nuclear Excitation: Hadrons in Dense Matter (Hirschegg 2000), Hirschegg, Austria, 265- 274.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Buck, B., Merchant, A.C. & Perez, S.M. 2000. Normal and superdeformed cluster bands in heavy nuclei. 7th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (NN2000), Palais de la Musique et des Congrès, Strasbourg, France. Book of Abstracts:182. Buck, B., Merchant, A.C. & Perez, S.M. 2000. Superdeformed bands and clustering in nuclei. South African Institute of Physics Annual Congress, Rand Afrikaans University. Abstract Book:B15. Sisterson, J.M., Vincent, J., Jones, D.T.L., Binns, P.J., Langen, K., Schroeder, I., Buthelezi, Z., Brooks, F.D., Buffler, A., Allie, M.S., Herbert, M.S., Nchodu, M.R. & Ullmann, J. 2000. Production of short-lived radionuclides by protons and neutrons in Fe and Ni targets: cross sections needed for cosmic ray studies. Lunar and Planetary Science XXXI, Abstract 1432, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston (CD-ROM).

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Mhlahlo, N.W. 2000. Feasibility study of the use of Clover detectors as Compton polarimeters at NAC: 1-105. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town.

83

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICAL SCIENCES (Including the Avian Demography Unit) (There is also an entry for the Department of Statistical Sciences in the Faculty of Commerce section of the Research Report)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Associate Professor Robin C van den Honert

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Statistical Sciences University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-3434 Fax: SA (21) 689-7578 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/stats/

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The statistical sciences are defined to include the traditional concept of statistics (as well as all subdisciplines, such as biostatistics, econometrics, technometrics, etc.) and the newer disciplines such as operations research, management science, decision analysis, and quality management. The Department is located in both the Faculties of Science and Commerce. The statistical sciences are the ultimate service discipline, and the Department believes that the best statistical theory is motivated by data analytic problems in other disciplines. It therefore actively seeks interaction with researchers whose orientation is quantitative.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG TERM STUDENTS

CONTRACT STAFF

Professors 5 Doctoral 10

Associate Professors 3 Masters 7

Senior Lecturers 4 Honours 16 Lecturers 4 Undergraduate 3018 Assistant Lecturer 1 TOTAL 3051 Research Officer 1 Administraitive and 3 Clerical Staff Departmental Assistants 1 TOTAL 22

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Associate Professor R C van den Honert Head of Department; operations research Professor Theodor Stewart decision analysis; bayesian analysis; resource allocation and management

84 Professor Cas Troskie multivariate regression Professor Les Underhill Director, Avian Demography Unit; Director, South African Bird Ringing Unit (SAFRING); multivariate analysis; multidimensional scaling and related graphical display methods; ecological applications of statistics Associate Professor Tim Dunne generalized linear models; statistical methods in education and psychology Ms Leanne Scott Senior Lecturer; decision analysis Mrs Francesca Little Lecturer; statistical methods in medicine and biology Mr Karl Stielau Senior Lecturer; sampling, ecological statistics and probability models Dr C Thiart Senior Lecturer; geostatistics Mr Freedom Gumedze Lecturer; biostatistics Ms Monique Hanslo Assistant Lecturer; biostatistics

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

Dr Fabio Losa Istituto di Ricerche Economiche – Universita della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; MCDA; conflict analysis and resolution

RESEARCH OUTPUTS (Research outputs relevant to the Faculty of Science are listed here; see also Departmental entry in the Faculty of Commerce section of the Research Report)

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES de Wit, M.J., Thiart, C., Doucouré, C.M. & Wilsher, W. 1999. Scent of a supercontinent: Gondwana's ores as chemical tracers - tin, tungsten and the Neoproterezoic Laurentia-Gondwana connection. Journal of African Earth Sciences 28:(1)35-51. Laugksch, R.C. & Dunne, T.T. 2000. Predictors of scientific literacy of matriculants entering universities and technikons in the Western Cape. South African Journal of Education 20(2):96- 108. Nichols, D., Stewart, T.J. & von Hippel, D. 2000. Planing Approaches: Thematic Review Institutional and Governance Issues V.1. November 2000. Prepared for the World Commission on Dams (WCD). Polakow, D.A. & Dunne, T.T. 2000. Numerical recipes for disaster: the stand-origin-map and changing hazard. Journal of Forest Ecology and Management 146:1-14. Sole, G., Lambert, M. & Juritz, J. 2000. The role of physiotherapy in sports medicine: perceptions of orthopaedic surgeons, sports physicians, biokineticists and physiotherapists. South African Journal of Physiotherapy 56:29-35. Stewart, T.J. 1998. Measurements of risk in fisheries management. Orion 14:1-15. Stielau, K. 2000. Bias in Estimating southern African Elephant Populations. Journal of Tropical Forest Resources 15(2):21-27.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Billa, M., Braux, C., Doucouré, C.M., Nicol, N., Thiart, C. & de Wit, M.J. 1999. The Gondwana Metal- potential GIS. 11th International Conference of the Geological Society of Africa: Earth Resources for Africa (abstracts). Journal of African Earth Sciences 28:4A:10. Chalton, D.O. & Troskie, C.G. 2000. Using diagnostics in generalized ridge regression analysis. SASA Conference, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 4.

85 Doucouré, C.M., de Wit, M.J. & Thiart, C. 1999. The gravity anomaly pattern of Africa: a reflection of intricate geology. 11th International Conference of the Geological Society of Africa: Earth Resources for Africa (abstracts). Journal of African Earth Sciences 28:4A:22-23. Gumedze, F. 2000. The relationship between markers of disease progression in HIV infected individuals in Cape Town, South Africa. SASA Conference, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 18. Juritz, J.M. 2000. Variance components. SASA Conference, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 19. Polakow, D.A. & Bradfield, D.J. 2000. Evidence for a memory-effect of extreme events on the JSE. - adding to the mean-reversion debate. SASA Conference, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 31. Stielau, K. 2000. Adaptive sampling of marine populations. SASA Conference, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 36. Thiart, C. & de Wit, M. 2000. Predicting mineral potential of Africa by using the weights of evidence method. SASA Conference, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 39. Thiart, C., de Wit, M.J. & Doucouré, C.M. 1999. Towards understanding African metallogenic provinces. 11th International Conference of the Geological Society of Africa: Earth Resources for Africa (abstracts). Journal of African Earth Sciences 28:4A:78.

THESES PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Erni, B. 2000. Analysis of distribution maps from Bird Atlas data: dissimilarities between species, continuity within ranges and smoothing of distribution maps:1-172. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Polakow, D.A. 2000. Application of stochastic survival-analysis models for censored phenomena:1- 250. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town.

86 AVIAN DEMOGRAPHY UNIT (Including the South African Bird Ringing Unit (SAFRING))

DIRECTOR OF UNIT - Professor Les Underhill

UNIT CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Avian Demography Unit University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-2423 Fax: SA (21) 650-3434 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/stats/adu

UNIT PROFILE

The mission of the Avian Demography Unit (ADU) is to contribute to the understanding of bird populations, especially bird population dynamics, and thus make a contribution to the conservation of avian biodiversity. The ADU achieves these goals though a variety of projects in which para- ornithologists throughout southern Africa can participate. These projects range from identifying bird species, through undertaking census surveys, to make detailed observations on breeding productivity. The ADU collates the data, and undertakes curation, data analysis, statistical modelling, publication and dissemination of results. The ADU has a strategic partnership with BirdLife South Africa, which in turn is the local partner for BirdLife International, the largest global bird conservation NGO.

UNIT STATISTICS 2000

HONORARY RESEARCH PERMANENT AND LONG ASSOCIATES TERM CONTRACT STAFF Honorary Research 3 Professors 1 Associates Research Staff 7 TOTAL 3 Technical Support Staff 2 Administrative and 5 STUDENTS Clerical Staff Doctoral 4 TOTAL 15 Masters 2

TOTAL 6

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor Les Underhill Director; ecological applications of statistics

CONTRACT RESEARCH STAFF

Marius Burger frog atlas project John Cooper seabird ornithology; BirdLife International Seabird Conservation Programme Doug Harebottle monitoring projects

87 James Harrison avian inventory and monitoring projects; biodiversity conservation René Navarro wader ecology; ecosystem modelling; information systems Dieter Oschadleus information systems; weaverbird biology Donella Young monitoring projects

HONORARY RESEARCH ASSOCIATES

David Allan ecology of storks, cranes, bustards and birds of prey Warwick Tarboton wetland and grassland ornithology Tony Tree wader ecology

DISTINGUISHED VISITORS

Professor Dr Bruno Bruderer Director and Head of Migration Dept at Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland and Zoology Dept, Basel University, Switzerland – ornithology and biogeography; radar studies on bird migration Wim Van den Bossche International Coordinator BNVR-RNOB, Belgium – White Stork migration and satellite tracking studies Michael Kaatz and Rainer Herrman Vogelwarte Radolfzell, Max Planck Institute, Germany – White Stork migration and satellite tracking studies Dr Suzie Ellis Senior Program Officer, Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, IUCN, USA – facilitator for Frog CAMP Josh Adams, Michelle Hester, Diana Humple and Hannahrose Nevis Point Reyes Bird Observatory, California, U.S.A. – specialist assistance with banding of oiled African Penguins following the Treasure oil spill in June 2000 Dr Nicholas Davidson Deputy Secretary General, Ramsar Convention of Wetlands of International Importance, Glandd, Switzerland – wetland conservation Dr Peter Barham Dept of Physics, University of Bristol, UK – new materials for penguin flipper bands Dr Nigel Clark British Trust for Ornithology, UK – contracts developments Dr Jacquie Clark Manager, Ringing Office, British Trust for Ornithology, UK

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Balachandran, S., Hussain, S.A. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. Primary moult, biometrics and mass of Grey Plovers Pluvialis squatarola in southeast India. Bird Study 47:82-90. Brooke, R.K., Allan, D.G., Cooper, J., Cyrus, D.P., Dean, W.R.J., Dyer, B.M., Martin, A.P. & Taylor, R.H. 1999. Breeding distribution, population size and conservation of the Greyheaded Gull Larus cirrocephalus in southern Africa. Ostrich 70:157-163. Crawford, R.J.M., Davis, S.A., Harding, R.T. Jackson, L.F., Leshoro, T.M., Meyer, M.A., Randall, R.M., Underhill, L.G., Upfold, L., van der Merwe, E., Whittington, P.A., Williams, A.J. & Wolfaardt, A.C. 2000. Initial impact of the Treasure oil spill on seabirds off western South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 22:157-176.

88 Crawford, R.J.M., Shannon, L.J., Whittington, P.A. & Murison, G. 2000. Factors influencing growth of the African Penguin colony at Boulders, South Africa, 1985-1999. South African Journal of Marine Science 22:111-119. Crawford, R.J.M., Shannon, L.J. & Whittington, P.A. 1999. Population dynamics of the African Penguin Spheniscus demersus at Robben Island. Marine Ornithology 27:139-148. Herremans, M. 1999. Waterbird diversity, densities, communities and seasonality in the Kalahari Basin, Botswana. Journal of Arid Environments 43:319-350. Huyser, O.A.W., Ryan, P.G. & Cooper, J. 2000. Changes in population size, habitat use and breeding biology of Lesser Sheathbills at Marion Island: impacts of cats, mice and climate change? Biological Conservation 92:299-310. Minter, L.R., Burger, M. & Harrison, J.A. 2000. Progress and interim results of the Southern African Frog Atlas Project. African Journal of Herpetology 49:3-8. Oatley, T.B. 1999. Uneven recovery pattern of European Swifts Apus apus in southern Africa. Ostrich 70:236. Oatley, T.B. 2000. Migrant European Swallows Hirundo rustica in southern Africa: a southern perspective. Ostrich 71:205-209. Oschadleus, H.D., Underhill, G.D. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. Timing of breeding and primary moult of the Masked Weaver Ploceus velatus in the summer and winter rainfall regions of South Africa. Ostrich 71:91-94. Tasker, M.L., Camphuysen, C.J., Cooper, J., Garthe, S., Montevecchi, W.A. & Blaber, S.J.M. 2000. The impacts of fishing on marine birds. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:531-547. Underhill, L.G., Whittington, P.A., Crawford, R.J.M. & Wolfaardt, A.C. 2000. Five years of monitoring African Penguins Spheniscus demersus after the ‘Apollo Sea’ oil spill: a success story identified by flipper bands. Die Vogelwarte 40:315-318. Wanless, R.M. & Oatley, T.B. 2000. Sixth review of data held by the Central Data Bank for Antarctic Bird Banding, July 1987-June 1996. Marine Ornithology 28:47-52. Whittington, P.A., Dyer, B.M. & Klages, N.T.W. 2000. Maximum longevities of African Penguins Spheniscus demersus based on banding records. Marine Ornithology 28:81-82. Whittington, P.A. 1999. The contribution made by cleaning oiled African Penguins Spheniscus demersus to population dynamics and conservation of the species. Marine Ornithology 27:177- 180. Wilkinson, C.P., Esmonde-White, D.A., Underhill, L.G. & Whittington, P.A. 1999. African Penguins Spheniscus demersus along the KwaZulu-Natal coast, 1981-1999. Marine Ornithology 27:111- 113.

BOOK

Barnes, K. (ed.) 2000. The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland:1- 169. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Barnes, K.N. 2000. Introduction. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland:1-18. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Barnes, K.N. 2000. African Skimmer, Rudd’s Lark, Blue Swallow, Spectacled Petrel, Botha’s Lark, Spotted Ground Thrush, Whitebacked Night Heron, Bald Ibis, Tawny Eagle, Martial Eagle, Southern Banded Snake Eagle, Bateleur, African Finfoot, Stanley’s Bustard, Whitebellied Korhaan, Grass Owl, Pel’s Fishing Owl, Red Lark, Shorttailed Pipit, Yellowbreasted Pipit, Yellowbilled Oxpecker, Whitechinned Petrel, Black Stork, Woollynecked Stork, Openbilled Stork, Marabou Stork, Pygmy Goose, Secretarybird, Bat Hawk, Ayers’ Eagle, Crowned Eagle, Pallid Harrier, Black Harrier, Peregrine Falcon, Lanner Falcon, Blue Korhaan, Blackbellied Korhaan, Blackwinged Plover, Whitecrowned Plover, Redwinged Pratincole, Blackwinged Pratincole, Yellowthroated Sandgrouse, Knysna Woodpecker, Melodious Lark, Agulhas Longbilled Lark, Shortclawed Lark, Barlow’s Lark, Sclater’s Lark, Bush Blackcap, Redbilled Oxpecker. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland:21, 30-34, 37, 50-53, 67-71, 81-88, 100-101, 103-105, 107-109, 111-114, 121- 122, 124-129, 135-141, 143-148. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa.

89 Cooper, J. 2000. Tristan Albatross, Wandering Albatross, Shy Albatross, Greyheaded Albatross, Indian Yellownosed Albatross, Crozet Cormorant, Rockhopper Penguin. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland:36, 58-61, 65, 132. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Harebottle, D.M. 2000. Spotted Ground Thrush. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland:51-53. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Underhill, L.G. 2000. Roseate Tern, Damara Tern, Kerguelen Tern, Painted Snipe, African Black Oystercatcher, Chestnutbanded Plover, Caspian Tern. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland:43-48, 142-144. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Allan, D.G. 1999. Mega-developments and birds: the waterbirds impacted by the Lesotho Highlands Water Scheme as an example. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban: 1556-1570. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Barnes, K.N. 1999. Collision of first world and third world conservation problems. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban:3195-3197. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Brossy, J.-J., Cooper, J., Crawford, R.J.M., Klages, N.T.W. & Shannon, L.J. (eds) 1999. Proceedings of the Third International Penguin Conference, Cape Town, South Africa. Marine Ornithology 27:1-212. Cooper, J. 2000. The industries of tourism and fisheries: impacts on Antarctic and Subantarctic ecosystems. In Valencia, J. & Berguño, J. (eds) Report of the RAPAL Workshop, Concepcion, Chile. The conceptual structure of 'Associated and Dependent Ecosystems':61-65. Santiago: Instituto Antartico Chileno. Cooper, J. & Wanless, R.M. 1999. Death by drowning: a global review of bird bycatch by longline fisheries. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban:3195-3197. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Cousins, K. & Cooper, J. (eds) 2000. The population biology of the Black-footed Albatross in relation to mortality caused by longline fishing:1-120. Honolulu: Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council. Gregory, R.D., Harrison, J.A., Griffioen, P. & Hagemeijer, W.E.J. 1999. Large scale atlas and census studies in conservation science. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban:3194. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Harrison, J.A. & Navarro, R.A. 1999. Is size important? Preliminary indications from the Birds In Reserves Project for the woodland biome. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban:1538-1545. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Lens, L., Underhill, L.G., Goodman, S. & Louette, M. 1999. An inventory of ornithological research in Africa. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban:3177. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Oatley, T.B. & van Noordwijk, A.J. 1999. Potential and problems of large scale involvement of amateurs. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban:230. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Red-billed Quelea movements in southern Africa shown by ringing recoveries in the SAFRING database. In Cheke, R.A., Rosenberg, L.J. & Kieser, M.E. (eds) Workshop on Research Priorities for Migrant Pests of Agriculture in Southern Africa:125-135. Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria. Oschadleus, H.D. & Underhill, L.G. 1999. Case studies of migratory waterbirds in southern Africa and a motivation for an 'AFRING'. In Beintema, A. & van Vessem, J. (eds) Strategies for conserving migratory waterbirds. Proceedings of Workshop 2 of the 2nd International Conference on Wetlands & Development, Dakar, Senegal: 53-57. Piper, S.E. & Oatley, T.B. 1999. Two-tier populations: territory holders versus the rest. In Adams, N.J. & Slotow, R.H. (eds) Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban:306-324. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa.

90 Underhill, L.G. 2000. Estimating trends in populations. In Yesou, P. & Sultana, J. (eds) Monitoring and conservation of birds, mammals and sea turtles of the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Proceedings of the Fifth Medmaravis Symposium, Gozo, Malta: 135-141. Environment Protection Department, Malta. Whittington, P.A, Crawford, R.J.M., Huyser, O., Oschadleus, H.D., Randall, R. & Ryan, P.G. (eds) 2000. African Penguin Population and Habitat Viability Assessment. Final Report. IUCN/SSC: Apple Valley, MN. IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group: 1-152.

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

Barnes, K.N. 2000. Wetland conservation in South Africa. International Conference on Wetland Conservation, Taipei. Brothers, N.P., Cooper, J. & Lokkeborg, S. 2000. The incidental catch of seabirds by longline fisheries: worldwide review and technical guidelines for mitigation. CCAMLR 1999 Scientific Abstracts: 22. Cooper, J., Borg, J.J., Belda, E.J., Papaconstantinou, C. & Sanchez, A. 2000. Seabird mortality from longline fishing in the Mediterranean Sea and Macaronesian waters: a review and a way forward. 6th Mediterranean Symposium on Seabirds. Conference on Fisheries, Marine Productivity and Conservation of Seabirds. Benidorm (Alicante, Spain), Abstracts:29-30 (also in Spanish). Cooper, J., Croxall, J.P. & Rivera, K.S. 2000. WG-FSA-99/6. Off the hook? Initiative to reduce seabird by-catch in longline fisheries. CCAMLR 1999 Scientific Abstracts: 22. Cooper, J., Dunn, E. & Rivera, K. 2000. Addressing the problem: seabird mortality from longline fisheries in the waters of Arctic countries. In Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) Workshop on Seabird Bycatch in the Waters of Arctic Countries. Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Presentation Abstracts: 2. Crawford, R.J.M., Davis, S.A., Harding, R., Jackson, L.F., Leshoro, T.M., Meyer, M.A., Randall, R.M., Underhill, L.G., Upfold, L., van Dalsen, A.P., van der Merwe, E., Whittington, P.A., Williams, A.J. & Wolfaardt, A.C. 2000. Assessment of the initial impact of the Treasure oil spill on the African Penguin Spheniscus demersus off western South Africa. 4th International Penguin Conference, La Serena, Chile. Programme and Abstracts: 45. Ellis, S., Lacy, R., Crawford, R.J.M., Underhill, L.G. & Whittington, P.A. 2000. Whither the Spheniscus penguins – how many will be extant in the wild in 2100? 4th International Penguin Conference, La Serena, Chile, September. Programme and Abstracts: 46. Harebottle, D.M. 2000. Setting regional priorities for the African Waterfowl Census (AfWC) in southern Africa – Report-back on a Regional Workshop of the AfWC Development Workshop, Kampala, Uganda: 5. Harebottle, D.M. 2000. Coordinated Waterbird Counts in South Africa – overview, results 1992-2000 and recommendations. Tenth Pan-African Ornithological Congress, Kampala, Uganda. Programme and Book of Abstracts: 33. Kirby, J., West, R., Scott, D., Davidson, N., Piersma, T., Hotker, H., Stroud, D. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. The atlas of wader populations in Africa and western Eurasia. Tenth Pan-African Ornithological Congress, Kampala, Uganda. Programme and Book of Abstracts: 36. Leshoro, T.M., Crawford, R.J.M., Shannon, L.J., Whittington, P.A., van der Merwe, E., Kroese, M. & Kieser, J. 2000. Management of the African Penguin colony at Robben Island. 4th International Penguin Conference, La Serena, Chile. Programme and Abstracts: 46. Nel, D.C., Cooper, J. & Ryan, P.G. 2000. Spatial interactions of albatrosses breeding on Marion Island with longline fisheries in the southern Indian Ocean: species, gender and seasonal effects. Second International Conference on Albatrosses and other Petrels, Honolulu, Hawaii. Abstracts: 43. Underhill, L.G. & Brouwer, J. 2000. A wader flyway atlas for the African Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA) region: Africa, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia. Tenth Pan- African Ornithological Congress, Kampala, Uganda. Programme and Book of Abstracts: 67. Woehler, E.J., Cooper, J., Croxall, J.P., Fraser, W.R., Kooyman, G.L., Miller, G.D., Nel, D.C., Paterson, D.L., Peter, H.-U., Ribic, C.A., Salwicka, K., Trivelpiece, W.Z. & Weimerskirch, H. 2000. The Montana Report. Fourth International Penguin Conference, La Serena, Chile. Programme and Abstracts: 43. Wolfaardt, A.C., Williams, A.J., Nel, D.C. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. Breeding success and productivity of rehabilitated African Penguins following the Apollo Sea oil spill. 4th International Penguin Conference, La Serena, Chile. Programme and Abstracts: 35.

91 Wolfaardt, A.C., Whittington, P.A., Nel, D.C. & Crawford, R.J.M. 2000. The Apollo Sea revisited. The fortunes of victims from this and other oil spills. 4th International Penguin Conference, La Serena, Chile. Programme and Abstracts: 46.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE

ADU. 2000. Focus on the Avian Demography Unit: get involved in ADU projects. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(1):74. ADU. 2000. Focus on the Avian Demography Unit: ADU publications. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(2):74. ADU. 2000. Focus on the Avian Demography Unit: bird lists on the World Wide Web. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(3):90. ADU. 2000. Focus on the Avian Demography Unit: the CWAC roadshow. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(4):74. ADU. 2000. Focus on the Avian Demography Unit: another angle on the Treasure. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(5):74. ADU. 2000. Focus on the Avian Demography Unit: monitoring the 'vulnerable' Stanley's Bustard. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(6):74. ADU. 2000. RingWatch - a new project from the ADU for members of the Cape Bird Club. Promerops 243:9. ADU. 2000. Safring News: common and Antarctic Terns. Africa – Birds & Birding 5(6):15. Cooper, J. 1999. Saving seabirds from longlines: a campaign of BirdLife International. Atlantic Seabirds 1:189-191. Cooper, J., Woehler, E.J. & Belbin, E. 2000. Guest editorial: selecting Antarctic Specially Protected Areas: Important Bird Areas can help. Antarctic Science 12:129. Cooper, J. 2000. The Seabird Conservation Programme of BirdLife International. Bee-eater 51(1):61. Cooper, J. 2000. Information needed on seabirds and long-lining in the Mediterranean. BirdLife in Europe 5(1):2. Cooper, J. 2000. Migratory Species Convention meeting in Cape Town comes up with good news for southern seabirds. Indaba Inyoni: Newsletter of BirdLife South Africa 2(1):19, 21. Cooper, J. 2000. The Prince Edward Islands: a new World Heritage site for South Africa? Indaba Inyoni: Newsletter of BirdLife South Africa 3(2):19-20. Cooper, J. 2000. Appeal for information on seabirds and longlining in the Mediterranean and Black Seas and around the Atlantic islands. Medmaravis News 23:4. Cooper, J. 2000. Campaign to save the albatross. Wirebird 21:13-15. Cooper, J. & Dunn, E. 2000. Save the albatross. Birds 18(2):44-48. Cooper, J. & Stagi, A. 2000. Rescatando a las aves marina de las lineas de pesca comerciales. Achara 3(3):12-13. Cooper, J. 1999. Aves marinas y palangres. La Garcilla 105:18-19. Cooper, J. 2000. Conserving southern hemisphere albatrosses and petrels with the Bonn Convention for Migratory Species. Australasian Seabird Bulletin 36:25-26. Cooper, J. 2000. Good news for southern seabirds. BirdLife Update February 2000:2. Cooper, J. 2000. Keeping albatrosses off the hook. British Birds 93:260-262. Cooper, J. 2000. Migratory Species Convention meeting in South Africa comes up with good news for South Atlantic seabirds at risk from longlining. Conservation Forum News 18:3. Cooper, J. 2000. Conserving southern hemisphere albatrosses and petrels with the Bonn Convention for Migratory Species: a role for New Zealand. Ecological Society Newsletter 95:4-5. Cooper, J. 2000. Larger petrels at risk from longlining. World Birdwatch 22(1):3. Cooper, J. 2000. Extract from Forum News May 2000. Tristan da Cunha Newsletter 27:3. Cooper, J. 2000. Southern Ocean albatrosses. Wingspan 10(3):6-7. Harrison, J.A. & Maciver, M. 2000. The constructed heronry at Blouvlei, Century City, Cape Town. Bird Numbers 9(1):38-42. Harrison, J.A. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. Blouvlei: development is for the birds. Africa - Birds & Birding 5:43-47. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Recoveries in Gauteng Province July-December, 1999. Bokmakierie 188:10. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Ringing recoveries in the Western Cape - July to December 1999. Promerops 242:27. Oschadleus, H.D. 1999. Incubation attentiveness in Paradise Flycatchers. Bird Numbers 8(2):12-14. Oschadleus, H.D. 1999. Safring News: Collisions with windows. Africa - Birds & Birding 4(6):23. Oschadleus, H.D. 1999. Redheaded Weaver weights from ringing records. Safring News 28:17-20.

92 Oschadleus, H.D. 1999. Report on the 1998-1999 ringing year. Safring News 28:31-34. Oschadleus, H.D. 1999. Report on recoveries received at SAFRING: July 1998-June 1999. Safring News 28:35-41. Oschadleus, H.D. & Underhill, L.G. 1999. SAFRING ringing totals over 50 years. Safring News 28:11- 13. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Safring news: cat recoveries. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(2):15. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Safring news: golden oldie gulls. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(3):18. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Purple Heron diet. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(3):19. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Safring news: owl pellets. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(4):16. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Safring news: oldest raptor. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(5):14. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. Ring alert for bird-watchers. Ilifa Labantu: Newsletter of Robben Island Museum 4(1):10. Oschadleus, H.D. 2000. SAFRING record keeping. Safring News 29:32-36. Oschadleus, H.D. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. Analysis of ringing records at Witsand. Safring News 29:50- 53. Steel, C., Lislevand, T., Dunn, E. & Cooper, J. 2000. Sjøfugler på kroken - linefisket må bli mer bærekraftig. Vår Fuglefauna 23:53-58. Underhill, L.G. & Oschadleus, H.D. 1999. New ring developments. Safring News 28:21-22. Underhill, L.G. 2000. Mozambique Bird Atlas project report October-November 1999. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(1):15. Underhill, L.G. 2000. Penguins in peril. Africa - Environment & Wildlife 8(7):14-15. Underhill, L.G. 2000. Safring News: Knob-billed Duck. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(1):22. Underhill, L.G. 2000. A slick operation. Bokmakierie 190:5. Underhill, L.G. 2000. P-pickup-a-penguin. BTO News 231:23-24. Underhill, L.G. 2000. Partners in conservation: UCT's Avian Demography Unit. SANCCOB News 2(2):2. Underhill, L.G. 2000. Raptors in the United Kingdom. Talon Talk: Newsletter of the Raptor Conservation Group 17:7-10. Underhill, L.G. 2000. A slick operation: losing 1% of the global population of African Penguins is better than losing 25%. World Birdwatch 22(3):6-7. Underhill, L.G. & Crawford, R.J.M. 2000. Peter, Pamela, Percy and friends swim 16 million kilometres. SANCCOB News 2(3):3. Underhill, L.G. & Crawford, R.J.M. 2000. A Treasure story. SANCOR Newsletter 185:3. Underhill, L.G. 2000. Colour-ringing to establish movements and survival rates of Hartlaub's Gulls. Bird Numbers 9(1):15-16. Underhill, L.G. 2000. An introduction to primary moult. Safring News 29:44-46. Underhill, L.G. & Harrison, J.A. 2000. The Avian Demography Unit in 1999. Bird Numbers 9(1):6-12. Upfold, L. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. Century City scores again. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(3):16. Wanless, R. & Underhill, L.G. 2000. Streetfighting girls. Africa - Birds & Birding 5(5):17. Whittington, P.A. 1999. Survivors of the Apollo Sea oil spill, five years later: a success story. Penguin Conservation 12(2):18-19. Whittington, P.A. 1999. Banding 50,000 penguins: a brief look at numbers and techniques. Penguin Conservation 12(2):19. Whittington, P.A. 2000. SANCCOB: A sound investment for saving seabirds. Promerops 242:15-16. Whittington, P.A. & Wolfaardt, A. 1999. The avifauna of Dassen Island. Bird Numbers 8(2):8-11. Whittington, P.A. 2000. Focus on Dyer Island. SANCCOB News 2(1):1-2. Whittington, P.A. 2000. Voyages of the RS Sardinops. SANCCOB News 2(2):4. Whittington, P.A. 2000. Second time around. SANCCOB News 2(3):2. Whittington, P.A. 2000. News from the field. SANCCOB News 2(1):1-2. Whittington, P.A. 2000. News from the field. SANCCOB News 2(2):4. Whittington, P.A. 2000. News from the field. SANCCOB News 2(3):2.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL /POLICY DOCUMENTS

Burger, M. 2000. Herpetological assessment of Weltevreden, erven 796/5 and 1210/4, Mitchell's Plain. ADU Research Report 41. ADU, UCT, Cape Town. Burger, M. & Harrison, J.A. 2000. Occurrence of mammals, reptiles and amphibians at Blouvlei, Century City, and recommendations for management. ADU Research Report 40. ADU, UCT, Cape Town.

93 Harrison, J.A. & Navarro, R.A. 2000. Scoping report on the potential impact on birds of a new 400kV power line in the Northern Cape. ADU Research Report 38. ADU, UCT, Cape Town. Harrison, J.A., Navarro, R.A. & Spottiswoode, C.N. 2000. Bird monitoring at Blouvlei, Century City, March 1999-January 2000. ADU Research Report 36. ADU, UCT, Cape Town. Whittington, P.A. 2000. The Cape Town Harbour oil spill - one year after the event. ADU Research Report 37. ADU, UCT, Cape Town.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

Professor Underhill serves as Vice-Chairman of BirdLife South Africa, and on the research, conservation and publications committees of the society. He is a member of the editorial boards of the Journal of Applied Ecology and Waterbirds. John Cooper is Chair of the Bird Biology Subcommittee of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research and Vice-Chair of the World Conservation Union’s Antarctic Advisory Committee. He is Editor of Marine Ornithology and Chair of the African Seabird Group. He is a member of the Individual Mortality from Longline Fishing Working Group of the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, the Prince Edwards Islands Management Committee, the Gough Island Wildlife Reserve Advisory Committee, the FAO Seabird Technical Working Group, and the International Ornithological Congress’ Standing Committee on Seabird Research. He coordinates BirdLife International’s Seabird Conservation Programme.

94

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY (Including the Marine Biology Research Institute, the Freshwater Research Unit, and the Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT - Associate Professor P. A. Cook

DEPARTMENTAL CONTACT DETAILS

Postal address: Department of Zoology University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Telephone: SA (21) 650-3603/4 Fax: SA (21) 650-3301 Email: [email protected] Web address: http://www.uct.ac.za/depts/zoology

DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE

The Zoology Department houses the Marine Biology Research Institute (MBRI), the Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology (PFIAO), the Freshwater Research Unit (FRU), and groups involved in physiological, biochemical, ecological and ethological research. It has the largest postgraduate school, and is the most productive department in terms of publication output in the University. Scientists in the MBRI work on the ecology and physiology of rocky and sandy shore organisms, on estuarine organisms, fisheries and mariculture issues, marine protected areas, marine parasitology, pollution, invertebrate systematics and the biology of the Benguela upwelling system. The PFIAO is the foremost centre of ornithological research on the African continent and has a strong programme in conservation biology. Research in the FRU centres on the ecology of freshwater ecosystems and particularly the management of river systems. Physiological and biochemical research is carried out on how insects fly, how small peptide hormones produced in nerve cells regulate energy metabolism, growth, development and reproduction in insects and crustaceans, and on the ecophysiology of animal pollinators. Further entomological research centres on plant-insect relationships and the biological control of weeds. A small-mammal research group enjoys international repute for its ethological research on mole-rats and there is a programme on bat biology. Also based in the Department is the CSIRO Biological Control Unit (a branch of the CSIRO Division of Entomology, Australia), as well as two semi-autonomous consulting companies, Southern Waters and Anchor Consultants. These companies undertake contract research in the field of freshwater ecology and coastal marine biology respectively.

DEPARTMENTAL STATISTICS 2000

PERMANENT AND LONG HONORARY STAFF STUDENTS TERM CONTRACT STAFF Professors 5 Research Associates 15 Post-doctoral 3 Associate Professors 8 Emeritus Professors 2 Doctoral 49 Senior Lecturers 3 Professor 1 Masters 48 Lecturers 5 TOTAL 18 Honours 15 Research Staff 16 Undergraduate 375 Technical Support Staff 4 TOTAL 490 Administrative and 4 Clerical Staff TOTAL 45

95

RESEARCH FIELDS

PERMANENT STAFF

Professor George Branch rocky-shore ecology; fisheries management; fisheries policy; impacts of diamond-mining; coastal ecology Dr Gary Bronner Senior Lecturer; systematics, ecology and conservation biology of small mammals Associate Professor Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan comparative bone and teeth histology of extant and extinct vertebrates; paleobiology Associate Professor Peter Cook Head of Department; abalone culture; aquaculture, mariculture; shellfish farming Associate Professor Timothy Crowe evolution; systematics; gamebird management; sustainable utilization of wildlife Associate Professor Bryan Davies river ecology; water demand management; ecosystem processes; ecological effects of dams and rivers; wetland ecology Dr Jenny Day Senior Lecturer; Assistant Dean of the Faculty; Director of the Freshwater Research Unit; freshwater ecology; ecotoxicology; crustaceans; temporary and saline waters; conservation and management of inland water ecosystems; water chemistry and water quality Professor Morné du Plessis Director of the Percy FitzPatrick Institute; avian evolutionary biology; behavioural ecology; co- operative breeding; life-history strategies; biodiversity and sustainable utilization Professor John Field dynamics of marine ecosystems; benthic ecology; oceans and climate change; marine foodwebs and fisheries Professor Gerd Gäde invertebrates; neuropeptides; intermediary metabolism; flight; phylogeny Associate Professor Charles Griffiths Director of the Marine Biology Research Institute; coastal ecology; coastal zone management; bivalve ecophysiology; amphipod taxonomy; recreational and subsistence fisheries; predator- prey interactions Associate Professor Philip Hockey avian evolutionary biology; shorebirds; migration; community ecology; behaviour Associate Professor John Hoffman integrating biological control into the management of alien invasive weeds in South Africa Dr David Jacobs Lecturer; evolutionary biology; behavioural ecology and sociobiology; bats and mole-rats Professor Jennifer Jarvis small and subterranean mammal ecophysiology and ethology Jean Jordaan Lecturer; Academic Development Programme; science foundation; life sciences; teaching; tutoring; curriculum design; bridging; first year students Dr Mike Lucas Lecturer; biological oceanography; biogeochemical cycling; Benguela upwelling and Southern Ocean ecosystems; JGOFS, GLOBEC & LOICZ climate change programmes of the IGBP Associate Professor Sue Nicolson pollination biology; nectar secretion and composition; ecophysiology of fynbos pollinators; insect Malphighian tubules Dr Mike Picker Senior lecturer; insect ecology; insect biodiversity Dr Peter Ryan Lecturer; avian evolutionary biology; pollution; marine ornithology; behavioural ecology; resource economics Dr Jane Turpie Lecturer; estuarine community ecology; behavioural ecology; resource economics; conservation biology

96 CONTRACT RESEARCH STAFF

Dr Cate Brown water quantity, freshwater ecology Dr Barry Clark management of marine systems; Cape Peninsula National Park Helen Dallas water quality and biomonitoring Dr Liz Day freshwater ecology Dr Richard Dean dryland community ecology Justine Fowler freshwater ecology Jenny Griffin marine biology Ken Hutchings West Coast net fisheries Dr Jackie King water quality; freshwater ecology Petra Müller entomology; biological control of weeds Dr Andrea Pulfrich potential for commercial winkle fisheries Alan Rees biology of deep-water fish Denise Schael fluvial geomorphology and biotopes Kate Snaddon interbasin water transfers Rebecca Tharme water quality, freshwater ecology Marcus Wishart genetic changes associated with inter-basin transfers

HONORARY PROFESSORS

Emeritus Professor Alec Brown ecophysiology; sandy shore ecology; marine pollution Professor Mike Cluver palaeontology; museum management

POST-DOCTORAL FELLOWS

Dr Patricia A. Fleming small mammal pollination of Protea species Dr Claudio Velasquez coastal ecology; avian population dynamics Dr Sanghamitra Ray functional morphology and bone histology of dicynodonts

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Auerswald, L. & Gäde, G. 2000. Cyclic AMP mediates the elevation of proline by AKH peptides in the cetoniid beetle, Pachnoda sinuata. Biochimica Biophysica Acta 1495:78-89. Auerswald, L. & Gäde, G. 2000. Metabolic changes in the African fruit beetle, Pachnoda sinuata, during starvation. Journal of Insect Physiology 46:343-351. Auerswald, L., Marco, H.G. & Gäde, G. 2000. Metabolic aspects of flight in the dung beetle Pachylomerus femoralis. African Entomology 8:243-249.

97 Balance, A., Ryan, P.G. & Turpie, J.K. 2000. How much is a clean beach worth? The impact of litter on beach users in the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96:210- 213. Beuchat, C.A. 1999. Kidney structure of a euryhaline mammal, the Cape clawless otter (Aonyx capensis). South African Journal of Zoology 34:163-165. Botha, J. & Chinsamy, A. 2000. Growth patterns deduced from the bone histology of the Cynodonts diademodon and cynognathus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20:705-711. Botes, L., Pitcher, G.C. & Cook, P.A. 2000. The potential risk of harmful algae to abalone farming on the South coast of South Africa. Journal of Shellfish Research 19(1):502. Brown, A.C. 1999. Marine invertebrate systematics and zoogeography in southern Africa: an historical overview. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 54: 21-30. Brown, A.C. 2000. Is the sandy-beach oniscid isopod Tylos granulatus an endangered species? South African Journal of Science 96:466. Burgess, N., de Klerk, H., Fjeldsa, J., Crowe, T.M. & Rahbek, C. 2000. A preliminary assessment of congruence between biodiversity patterns in Afrotropical forest birds and forest mammals. Ostrich 71:286-291. Crawford, R.J.M., Shannon, L.J., Whittington, P.A. & Murison, G. 2000. Factors influencing growth of the African penguin colony at Boulders, South Africa, 1985-1999. South African Journal of Marine Science 22:111-119. D'Amelio, S., Mathiopoulos, K.D., Santos, C.P., Pugachev, O.N., Webb, S.C., Picanço, M. & Paggi, L. 2000. Genetic markers in ribosomal DNA for the identification of member of the genus Anisakis (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) defined by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism. International Journal of Parasitology 30:223-226. Day, E. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Evidence for a positive relationship between juvenile abalone Haliotis midae and the sea urchin Parechinus angulosus in the South-Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 22:145-156. Day, E. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Relationships between recruits of abalone Haliotis midae, encrusting corallines and the sea urhin Parechinus angulosus. South African Journal of Marine Science 22:137-144. Day, E., Branch, G.M. & Viljoen C. 2000. How costly is molluscan shell erosion? A comparison of two limpets with contrasting shell structures. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 243:185-208. de Klerk, W., Forster, C.A, Sampson, S. D., Chinsamy, A. & Ross, C. 2000. A new small predatory dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology 20:324-332. de Waal, S. & Cook, P.A. 2000. Use of a spreadsheet model to investigate the dynamics and economics of a seeded abalone population. Journal of Shellfish Research 19:508. Dean, W.R.J. 2000. Alien birds in southern Africa: what factors determine success? South African Journal of Science 96:9-14. Dean, W.R.J. 2000. Factors affecting bird diversity patterns in the Karoo, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96:609-616. Dean, W.R.J. & Milton, S.J. 2000. Bird boffins in Brisbane. South African Journal of Science 96:414- 416. Dean, W.R.J. & Milton, S.J. 2000. Directed dispersal of Opuntia species in the Karoo, South Africa: are crows the responsible agents? Journal of Arid Environments 45:305-314. Dempster, Y. & Branch, G.M. 1999. A review of the genus Burnupena Iredale, 1918 (Gastropoda: Buccinidae), with description of two new species. Annals of the Natal Museum 40:173-204. Dickinson, H.C. & Fa, J.E. 2000. Abundance, demographics and body condition of a translocated population of St Lucia whiptail lizards (Cnemidophorus vanzoi). Journal of Zoology (London) 251:187-197. Doutrelant, C., Blondel, J., Perret, P. & Lambrechts, M.M. 2000. Blue Tit song repertoire size, male quality and interspecific competition. Journal of Avian Biology 31:360-366. Doutrelant, C., Leitao, A., Otter, K. & Lambrechts, M.M. 2000. Effect of Blue Tit song syntax on Great Tit territorial responsiveness - an experimental test of the character shift hypothesis. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 48:119-124. Elliot, N.G., Evans, N., Conod, N., Bartlett, J., Officer, R. & Sweijd, N. 2000. Application of molecular genetics to the understanding of Abalone populations structure - Australian and South African case studies. Journal of Shellfish Research 19:510. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Foxcroft, L.C. & Hoffmann, J.H. 2000. Dispersal of Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae), a biological control agent of Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw (Cactaceae) in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Koodoe 43:1-5.

98 Gäde, G. & Auerswald, L. 2000. Flight substrates and their regulation by a member of the AKH/RPCH family of neuropeptides in Cerambycidae. Journal of Insect Physiology 46:1567-1576. Gäde, G., Lee, M.J., Goldsworthy, G.J. & Kellner, R. 2000. Potencies of naturally-occurring AKH/RPCH peptides in Locusta migratoria in the acetate uptake assay in vitro and comparison with their potencies in the lipid mobilisation assay in vivo. Acta Biologica Hungarica 51:369- 378. Glass, N., Lavarello, I., Glass, J.P. & Ryan, P.G. 2000. Longline fishing at Tristan da Cunha: impacts on seabirds. Atlantic Seabirds 2:49-56. Griffiths, C.L. 1999. Crustacean systematics in South Africa - status and historical overview. Transactions of The Royal Society of South Africa 54:43-52. Griffiths, M.P., Mayfield, S. & Branch, G.M. 2000. A note on a possible influence of traps on assessment of the diet of Jasus lalandii (H. Milne-Edwards). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 247:223-232. Groeneveld, J.C. 2000. Stock assessment, ecology and economics as criteria for choosing between trap and trawl fisheries for spiny lobster Palinurus delagoae. Fisheries Research 1052:1-15. Grundy, I., Turpie, J.K., Jagger, P., Witkowski, E., Guambe, I., Semwayo, D. & Solomon, A. 2000. Implications of co-management for benefits from natural resources for rural households in north-western Zimbabwe. Ecological Economics 33:369-381. Hazell, R.W.A., Bennett, N.C., Jarvis, J.U.M. & Griffin, M. 2000. Adult dispersal in the co-operatively breeding Damaraland mole-rat (Cryptomys damarensis): a case study from the Waterberg region of Namibia. Journal of Zoology (London) 252:19-25. Hockey, P.A.R. 2000. Patterns and correlates of bird migrations in sub-Saharan Africa. Emu 100:401- 417. Huyser, O., Ryan, P.G. & Cooper, J. 2000. Changes in population size, habitat use and breeding biology of Lesser Sheathbills (Chionis minor) at Marion Island: impacts of cats, mice and climate change? Biological Conservation 92:299-310. Jackson, T.P. 2000. Female nesting behaviour, pup growth and ontogeny in Brants' whistling rat (Parotomys brantsii). Journal of Zoology London 251: 417-425. Jackson, T.P. 2000. The diurnal activity of Brants' whistling rat (Parotomys brantsii): The effect of seasonal and physical conditions. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 53:227- 236. Jacobs, D.S. 2000. Community level support for the allotonic frequency hypothesis. Acta Chiropterologica 2:197-207. Jacobs, D.S. 2000. Individual recognition in the Damaraland mole-rat, Cryptomys damarensis (Rondentia: Bathyergidae). Journal of Zoology (London) 251:411-415. Jansen, R., Little, R.M. & Crowe, T.M. 2000. Habitat utilization and home range of the redwing francolin, Francolinus levaillantii,in highland grasslands, Mpumalanga province, South Africa. African Journal of Ecology 38:329-338. Jenkins, A.R. 2000. Characteristics of Peregrine and Lanner Falcon nesting habitats in South Africa. Ostrich 71:416-424. Jenkins, A.R. 2000. Factors affecting breeding success of Peregrine and Lanner Falcons in South Africa. Ostrich 71:385-392. Jenkins, A.R. 2000. Hunting mode and success of African Peregrines Falco peregrinus minor: does nesting habitat quality affect foraging efficiency? Ibis 142:235-246. Jenkins, A.R. 2000. Variation in the quality of parental care at falcon nests in South Africa as evidence for postulated differences in food availability. Ardea 88:17-32. Kirkman, S.P., Wilson, W., Klages, N.T.W., Bester, M.N. & Isaksen, K. 2000. Diet and estimated food ocnsumption of Antarctic fur seals at Bouvetoya during summer. Polar Biology 23:745-752. Lee, M.J., de Jong, S., Gäde, G., Poulos, C. & Goldsworthy, G. 2000. Mathematical modelling of insect neuropeptide potencies. Are quantitatively predictive models possible? Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 30:899-907. Lepage, D., Gauthier, G. & Menu, S. 2000. Reproductive consequences of egg-laying decisions in snow geese. Journal of Animal Ecology 69:414-427. Leseberg, A., Hockey, P.A.R. & Loewenthal, D. 2000. Human disturbance and the chick-rearing ability of African Black Oystercatchers (Haematopus moquini): a geographical perspective. Biological Conservation 96:379-385. Linder, P. & Griffiths, C.L. 2000. Introduction and overview. In Griffiths, C.L. & Linder, P. (eds) A history of systematic biology in South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 54:1-4. Lloyd, P., Durrans, L., Gous, R., Little, R.M. & Crowe, T.M. 2000. The diet and nutrition of the Namaqua Sandgrouse, an arid-zone granivore. Journal of Arid Environments 44:105-122.

99 Lloyd, P., Little, R.M. & Crowe, T.M. 2000. Daily activity pattern of a Namaqua Sandgrouse, Pterocles namaqua, population. Ostrich 71:427-429. Lloyd, P., Little, R.M. & Crowe, T.M. 2000. Investigator effects on the nesting success of arid-zone birds. Journal of Field Ornithology 71:227-235. Lloyd, P., Plaganyi, E., Lepage, D., Little, R.M. & Crowe, T.M. 2000. Nest-site selection, egg pigmentation and clutch predation in the ground-nesting Namaqua Sandgrouse Pterocles namaqua. Ibis 142:123-131. Loewenthal, D., Mayfield, S. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Improving the catch efficiency of the West Coast rock lobster, Jasus lalandii. Marine and Freshwater Research. 51:613-617. Lorenz, M.W., Kellner, R., Hoffmann, K.H. & Gäde, G. 2000. Identification of multiple peptides homologous to cockroach and cricket allatostatins in the stick insect, Carausius morosus. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 30:711-718. Malan, G. 2000. Raptors (Falconiformes) of the Calitzdorp district, Little Karoo, South Africa (1988- 1998). Durban Museum Novitates 25:32-35. Marco, H.G., Brandt, W., Stoeva, S., Voelter, W. & Gäde, G. 2000. Primary structures of a second hyperglycaemic peptide hormone and of two truncated forms in the spiny lobster, Jasus lalandii. Peptides 21:19-27. Marco, H.G., Stoeva, S., Voelter, W. & Gäde, G. 2000. Characterization and sequence elucidation of a novel peptide with molt-inhibiting activity from the South African spiny lobster, Jasus lalandii. Peptides 21:1313-1321. Mayfield, S., Atkinson, L.A., Branch, G.M. & Cockcroft, A.C. 2000. Variation in the diet of the West Coast Rock Lobster, Jasus lalandii: influence of rock-lobster size, sex, capture depth, latitude and moult stage. South African Journal of Marine Science 22:57-69. Mayfield, S., Branch, G.M. & Cockcroft, A.C. 1999. Determining prey availability for rock lobsters, Jasus lalandii: diver-sampling versus monochrome video photography. Marine Biology 135:347-352. Mayfield, S. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Inter-relationships among rock lobsters, sea urchins and juvenile abalone: implications for community management. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57:2175-2187. Mayfield, S., Branch, G.M. & Cockcroft, A.C. 2000. Relationships among diet, growth rate and food availability for the South African rock lobster, Jasus lalandii. Crustaceana 73:815-834. Mayfield, S., Lopata, A. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Limitation and failure of an immunological technique (ELISA) in resolving the diet of the South African rock lobster, Jasus lalandii. Marine Biology 137:595-604. Melo, M.P., Almeida, J., Vaz, A. & Covas, R. 1999. The daily activity of wintering Common Cranes Grus grus in Portugal : the effect of scarce food resources. Vogelwelt 120:353-356. Milewski, A. 2000. Iodine as a possible controlling nutrient for elephant populations. Pachyderm 28:78-90. Milewski, A.V. & Diamond, R.E. 2000. Why are very large herbivores absent from Australia? A new theory of micronutrients. Journal of Biography 27:957-978. Milton, S.J. & Dean, W.R.J. 2000. Disturbance, drought and dynamics of desert dune grassland, South Africa. Plant Ecology 150:37-51. Milton, S.J., Gasser, S., Bortenschlager, S. & Dean, W.R.J. 1999. Invertebrates and leaf damage on alien Atriplex lindleyi Moq. and the indigenous A. vestita (Thumb.) Ael. (Chenopodiaceae) in the southern Karoo, South Africa. African Entomology 7:298-301. Nel, D.C., Nel, J.L., Ryan, P.G., Klages, N.T.W., Wilson, R.P. & Robertson, G. 2000. Foraging ecology of Grey-headed Mollymawks at Marion island, southern Indian Ocean, in relation to longline fishing activity. Biological Conservation 96:219-231. Odendaal, F.J., Eekhout, S., Brown, A.C. & Branch, G.M. 1999. Aggregations of the sandy-beach isopod Tylos granulatus: adaptation or incidental effect? South African Journal of Zoology 34:180-189. O'Riain, M.J., Jarvis, J.U.M., Alexander, R., Buffenstein, R. & Peeters. 2000. Morphological castes in a vertebrate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 97:13194-13197. Parr, C.L. & Brockett, B.H. 1999. Patch-mosaic burning: a new paradigm for savanna fire management in protected areas? Koedoe 42:117-130. Plaganyi, E. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Does the limpet Patella cochlear fertilize its own algal garden? Marine Ecology Progress Series 194:113-122. Prendini, L. 2000. A new species of Parabuthus Pocock (Scorpiones: Buthidae), and new records of Parabuthus capensis (Ehrenberg), from Namibia and South Africa. Cimbebasia 16:201-214. Prendini, L. 2000. Phylogeny and classification of the superfamily Scorpionoidea Latreille 1802 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones): An exemplar approach. Cladistics 16:1-78. Prendini, L. 2000. Chelicerata (Scorpiones). Cimbebasia Memoir 9:109-120.

100 Radford, I.J., Muller, P., Fiffer, S. & Michael, P.W. 2000. Genetic relationships between Austalian fireweed and South African and Madagascan populations of Senecio madagascariensis Poir. and closely related Senecio species. Australian Systematic Botany 13:409-423. Read, J., Lucas, M., Holley, S. & Pollard, R. 2000. Phytoplankton, nutrients and hydrography in the frontal zone between the SW Indian subtropical gyre and the Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Research I 47:2341-2367. Reddy-Lopate, K., Lopata, A.L & Cook, P. 2000. Toxicity and tolerance levels of ammonia in abalone. Journal of Shellfish Research 19:529. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Richardson, D.M., Allsopp, N., D’Antonio, C.M., Milton, S.J. & Rejmanek, M. 2000. Plant invasions: the role of mutualisms. Biological Reviews 75:65-93. Ridgway, T.M., Branch, G.M., Stewart, B.A. & Hodgson, A.N. 2000. Taxonomic status of the 'Patella miniata' species complex (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in southern Africa. Hydrobiologia 420:103- 118. Sharratt, N., Picker, M. D. & Samways, M. J. 2000. The invertebrate fauna of the sandstone caves of the Cape Peninsula (South Africa): patterns of endemism and conservation priorities. Biodiversity and Conservation 9:107-143. Siegert, K.J., Kellner, R. & Gäde, G. 2000. A third active AKH is present in the pyrgomorphid grasshoppers Phymateus morbillosus and Dictyophorus spumans. Insect Biochemestry and Molecular Biology 30:1061-1067. Spinks, A.C., Bennett, N.C., Faulkes, C.G. & Jarvis, J.U.M. 2000. Circulating LH levels and response to exongenous GnRH in the common mole-rat: Implications for reproductive regulation in this social, seasonal breeding species. Hormones and Behaviour 37:221-228. Spinks, A.C., Branch, T.A., Croeser, S., Bennett, N.C. & Jarvis, J.U.M. 1999. Foraging in wild and captive colonies of the common mole-rat Cryptomys hottentotus hottentotus (Rodentia: Bathyergidae). Journal of Zoology (London) 249:143-152. Spinks, A.C., Jarvis, J.U.M. & Bennett, N.C. 2000. Comparative patterns of philopatry and dispersal in two common mole-rat populations: implications for the evolution of mole-rat sociality. Journal of Animal Ecology 69:224-234. Spinks, A.C., Bennett, N.C. & Jarvis, J.U.M. 2000. A comparison of the ecology of two populations of the common mole-rat, Cryptomys hottentotus: the effect of aridity on food, foraging and body mass. Oecologia 125: 341-349. Sweijd, N.S., Bowie, R.C.K., Evans, B.S. & Lopata, A.L. 2000. Molecular genetics and management and conservation of marine organisms. Hydrobiologia 420:153-164. Sweijd, N., Evans, B., Elliott, N.G. & Cook, P. 2000. Molecular tools for compliance enforcement - the identification of southern hemisphere abalone species from abalone products. Journal of Shellfish Research 19:535. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Turpie, J.K., Beckley, L.E. & Katua, S.M. 2000. Biogeography and the selection of priority areas for conservation of South African coastal fishes. Biological Conservation 92:59-72. van Tets, I.G., Hutchings, K. & Nicolson, S.W. 2000. Relative merits of using purified proteins and natural foods in studies of wildlife nutrition: the nitrogen requirements of a rodent pollinator. South African Journal of Zoology 35:207-215. van Tets, I.G. & Nicolson, S.W. 2000. Pollen and the nitrogen requirements of the Lesser Double- collared Sunbird, Nectarinia chalybea. Auk 117: 826-830. Wanless, R.M. & Oatley, T.B. 2000. Sixth review of data held by the Central Data Bank for Antarctic Bird Banding, July 1987-June 1996. Marine Ornithology 28:47-52. Wishart, M.J. 2000. The terrestrial invertebrate fauna of a temporary stream in southern Africa. African Zoology 35:193-200. Witt, A.B.R. & Edwards, P.B. 2000. Biology, distribution, and host range of Zygina sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), a potential biological control agent for Asparagus asparagoides. Biological Control 18:101-109. Zimmermann, H. G., Moran, V. C. & Hoffmann, J. H. 2000. The renowned cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum: its natural history and threat to native Opuntia floras in Mexico and the United States of America. Diversity and Distributions 6:259-270.

BOOKS

Boon, P.J., Davies, B.R. & Petts, G.E. (eds) 2000. Global perspectives in river conservation: science, policy and practice. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons. Cohen, C. & Spottiswoode, C.N. 2000. Essential birding - western South Africa: key routes from Cape Town to the Kalahari: 1-136. Cape Town: Struik Publishers. Dean, W.R.J. 2000. The birds of Angola: 1-433. British Ornithologists’ Union. (B.O.U. checklist no. 18).

101 Hanson, R.B., Ducklow, H. & Field, J.G. (eds) 2000. The changing ocean carbon cycle: 1-514. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Little, R.M., Crowe, T.M. & Barlow, S. 2000. Gamebirds of southern Africa: 1-128. Cape Town: Struik. Simmons, R.E. 2000. Harriers of the world: their behaviour and ecology: 1-368. Oxford: Oxford University press.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Barm, K.N. & Jenkins, A.R. 2000. Lanner falcon. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.). The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 141. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Bathmann, U., Priddle, J., Treguer, P., Lucas, M.I., Parslow, J. & Hall, J. 2000. Plankton ecology and biogeochemistry in the Southern Ocean: A first review of Southern Ocean JGOFS. In Cambridge Hanson, R.B., Ducklow, H.W. & Field, J.G. (eds) The changing ocean carbon cycle. Cambridge University Press. Chinsamy, A. 2000. Growth in the fossil record. In Singer, R. & Diamond, M.K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Palaeontology. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. Cohen, C. 2000. African Marsh Harrier. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 88-90. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Crowe, T.M. 2000. Daniel Dennett's views on the power and pervasiveness of natural selection: an evolutionary biologist's perspective. In Ross, D., Brook, A. & Thompson, D. (eds) Dennett's philosophy: a comprehensive assessment: 27-40. Cambridge, Mass.: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press. Davies, B.R., Boon, P.J. & Petts, G.E. 2000. River conservation: the global imperative. In Boon, P.J., Davies, B.R. & Petts, G.E. (eds) Global perspectives in river conservation: science, policy and practice: 11-16. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons. Davies, B.R., Snaddon, C.D., Wishart, M.J., Thoms, M. & Meador, M. 2000. A biogeographical approach to interbasin water transfers: implications for river conservation. In Boon, P. & Davies, B.R. (eds) Global perspectives in river conservation: science, policy and management: 431-444. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, England. Davies, B.R. & Wishart, M.J. 2000. River conservation in the countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). In Boon, P. & Davies, B.R. (eds) Global perspectives in river conservation: science, policy and management: 179-204. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, England. Field, J.G., Ducklow, H.W. & Hanson, R.B. 2000. Some conclusions and highlights of JGOFS mid- project achievements. In Hanson, R.B., Ducklow, H. & Field, J.G. 1999. (eds) The Changing Ocean Carbon Cycle: 493-500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Huyser, O. 2000. Atlantic Yellownosed Albatross. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 133. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Blackbrowed Albatross. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 133. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Gentoo Penguin. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 132. Johannesburg : BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Grey Petrel. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 135. Johannesburg : BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Lesser Sheathbill. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 136. Johannesburg : BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Lightmantled Albatross. In Barnes, K.N. (ed) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 134. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Macaroni Penguin. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 132. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Northern Giant Petrel. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.)The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 134-135. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Sooty Albatross. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 133-134. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. 2000. Southern Giant Petrel. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 134. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Huyser, O. & Cooper, J. 2000. (Eastern) Rockhopper Penguin. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 132. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa.

102 Jenkins, A.R. & Barnes, K.N. 2000. Peregrine Falcon. In Barnes, K.N. (ed.) The Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland: 140-141. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. Milton, S.J., Zimmermann, H.G. & Hoffmann, J.H. 1999. Alien plant invaders of the karoo: attributes, impacts and control. In Dean, W.R.J. & Milton, S.J. (eds) The karoo: ecological patterns and processes: 274-287. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Rich, T., Vickers-Rich, P., Chinsamy, A., Constantine, A. & Flannery, T. Polar 2000. Australia’s Polar dinosaurs. In Paul, G. (ed). Scientific American Book of Dinosaurs. St Martins Press. Richardson, D. M., Bond, W. J., Dean, W. R. J., Higgins, S. I., Midgley, G. F., Milton, S. J., Powrie, L. W., Rutherford, M. C., Samways, M. J. & Schulze, R. E. 2000. Invasive alien species and global change: a South African perspective. In Mooney, H. A. & Hobbs, R. J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world: 303-350. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. Syrett, P., Briese, D.T. & Hoffmann, J.H. 2000. Measures of success in biological control: terrestrial weeds. In Wratten, S. & Gurr, G. (eds) Measures of success in biological control: 189-230. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Toral-Granda, M.V., Moloney, C.L., Harris, J.M. & Mann, B.Q. 1999. Ecosystem impacts of the Kwazulu-Natal reef fishery, South Africa: and exploratory model. In Ecosystem approaches for fisheries management: 211-219. University of Alaska Sea Grant, AK-SG-99-01, Fairbanks. Turpie, J.K. & Heydenrych, B. 2000. Economic consequences of alien infestation of the Cape Floral Kingdom’s Fynbos vegetation. In Perrings, C., Williamson, M. & Dalmazzone, S. (eds) The economics of biological invasions: 214-261. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Wishart, M.J., Davies, B.R., Boon, P.J. & Pringle, C.M. 2000. Global disparities in river conservation: "First-World" values and "Third-World" realities.quo vadis? In Boon, P.J., Davies, B.R., Petts, G.E. (eds) Global Perspectives in River Conservation: Science, Policy and Practise: 353-369. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, England. Wishart, M.J., Gagneur, J. & El-Zanfaly, H.T. 2000. River Conservation in North Africa and the Middle East. In Boon, P. & Davies, B.R. (eds) Global perspectives in river conservation: science, policy and management: 127-154. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, England.

PUBLISHED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Dallas, H.F. 2000. Ecological reference conditions for riverine macroinvertebrates and the River Health Programme, South Africa. Proceedings of WARFSA/WaterNet Symposium: Sustainable use of water resources: advances in education and research 1: 1-10. Maputo, Mozambique. Griffiths, C.L. 2000. Overview of current problems and future risks. In Preston, G., Brown, G. & van Wyk, E. (eds) Best management practices for preventing and controlling invasive alien species: 235-241. Cape Town: Working for Water Programme. Hoffmann, J.H. 2000. Complications in the implementation of weed biolocontrol. In Spencer, N.R. (ed.) Proceedings of the Xth International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds: 885. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA. Impson, F.A.C., Moran, V.C., Hoffmann, J.H. & Donnelly, D. 2000. Recent developments in the biological control of invasive acacias in South Africa: Melanterius? servulus against Acacia cyclops. In Spencer, N.R. (ed.) Proceedings of the Xth International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds, 729-734. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA. Moran, V.C., Hoffmann, J.H., Donnelly, D., Zimmermann, H.G. & van Wilgen, B. 2000. Biological control of alien, invasive pine trees (Pinus species) in South Africa. In Spencer, N.R. (ed.) Proceedings of the Xth International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds: 941-953. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA.

CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS

Atkinson, L.J., Mayfield, S. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Mesocosm experiments monitoring movements of the West Coast rock lobster (Jasus lalandii): 30 Jan - 4 Feb 2000. 5th International Temperate Reef Symposium, Cape Town, South Africa. Oral presentation. Atkinson, L.J., Mayfield, S. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Small to large-scale movements of the West Coast rock lobster, Jasus lalandii. Symposium 2000. A decade of Namibian Fisheries Science, Swakopmund, Namibia. Oral presentation. Auerswald, L. & Gäde, G. 2000. Second messenger systems involved in the mediation of the signal of Mem-CC for stimulation of proline and carbohydrate metabolism for flight in the fruit beetle, Pachnoda sinuata. Combined Millennium Meeting of Biological Sciences of South Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa.

103 Botes, L., Pitcher, G.C. & Cook, P.A. 2000. The potential risk of harmful algae to abalone farming on the south coast of South Africa. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Botha, J. 2000. Growth patterns deduced from the bone histology of Diademodon and Cynognathus. 60th Annual meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Mexico City, Mexico. Botha, J. & Chinsamy, A. 2000. Bone histology and enamel isotope analysis on representatives of the Cynodontia. In 11th Biennial Conference of the Palaeontological Society of Southern Africa, Pretoria. Bowie, R. & Donaldson, J. 1999. Behaviour and dispersal of butterflies in Renosterveld vegetation: implications for reserve design in a highly fragmented system. 2nd International Lepidopterists' Conference of Africa, Kirstenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa. Branch, G.M. 2000. Conserving Marine Systems. International Conference Agenda for the Future, Pasadena, California. Chinsamy, A. 2000. Bone microstructure of Cretaceous Malagasy birds. In 11th Biennial Conference of the Palaeontological Society of Southern Africa, Pretoria. de Waal, S. & Cook, P. 2000. Quantifying the physical and biological attributes of successful ocean seeding sites for farm-reared juvenile abalone (H. midae). 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. de Waal, S. & Cook, P.A. 2000. Use of a spreadsheet model to investigate the dynamics and economics of a seeded abalone population. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Field, J.G. 2000. Physical and biological characteristics of the Benguela Upwelling system. 1st Mariculture International Conference,Trondheim, Norway. Franz, T., Chinsamy, A. & Lee-Thorp, J.A. 2000. Enamel hypoplasia in the Early Pliocene fossil record of Langebaanweg: a preliminary study. In 11th Biennial Conference of the Palaeontological Society of Southern Africa, Pretoria. Franz, T., Lee-Thorp, J.A. & Chinsamy-Turan, A. 2000. Taphonomy and ecological niche of an extinct giraffid at the Early Pliocene site of Langebaanweg, South Africa. IV International Conference on bone diagenesis, Albarracin, Spain. Gäde, G. 2000. Evolutionary trends in adipokinetic peptides of Odonata and Caelifera. The XVIIIth International Congress of Zoology: The new panorama of animal evolution, Athens, Greece. Gäde, G. 2000. Metabolic neuropeptides in insects: what can dose-response relationships tell us about possible receptor interaction? Combined Millennium Meeting of Biological Sciences of South Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa. Gäde, G. 2000. Evolutionary trends in adipokinetic peptides from Odonata and Caelifer. The XVIIIth International Congress of Zoology. The new panorama of animal evolution, Athens, Greece. Gäde, G. 2000. What can we learn from a comparative and evolutionary perspective when studying insect neuropeptides? The XVIIIth International Congress of Zoology. The new panorama of animal evolution, Athens, Greece. Gäde, G. & Auerswald, L. 2000. Dung beetles’ choice - proline for energy output. Control by AKHs. 20th Conference of European Comparative Endocrinologists, Faro, Portugal. Griffiths, C.L. 2000. Biogeographic patterns of biodiversity and endemicity in the South African coastal marine biota: 30 Jan - 4 Feb. 5th International Temperate Reefs Symposium, Cape Town. Griffiths, C.L. 2000. Biogeographical and endemicity patterns in the South African marine biota. Aquatic habitats as ecological islands. Symposium of the British Ecological Society, Plymouth, UK. Griffiths, C.L. 2000. Marine invaders - overview of current problems and future risks. South Africa/U.S. Bi-National Commission on best management practices for preventing and controlling invasive alien species. Symposium on policies and implementation, Kirstenbosch. Griffiths, C.L. & Prochazka, K. 2000. Coastal marine biodiversity in South Africa - threats and solutions. CAPE (Cape Action Plan for the Environment) Conference, Cape Town. Griffiths, C.L. & Prochazka, K. 2000. Coastal marine biodiversity in South Africa - how many species are there? CAPE (Cape Action Plan for the Environment) Conference, Cape Town. Griffiths, C.L. & Prochazka, K. 2000. Marine protected areas in South Africa. CAPE (Cape Action Plan for the Environment) Conference, Cape Town. Griffiths, C.L. & Prochazka, K. 1999. Identification of priority coastal conservation areas in the Western Cape. South African Marine Sciences Symposium, Wilderness. Griffiths, C.L. & Smith, C.D. 1999. Preliminary investigations on the possible consequences of non- fatal attacks on octopus. South African Marine Sciences Symposium, Wilderness. Hazell, R.W.A., Cockcroft, A.C. & Mayfield, S. 2000. Fed up with the cold! Factors influencing growth of juvenile Jasus lalandii. 6th International Conference and Workshop on Lobster Biology and Management, Key West, Florida, USA.

104 Hoffmann, J.H. 2000. Beneficial ecological impacts of classical biological control: there’s more than meets the eye. Third International Weed Science Congress, Foz do Iguassu, Brazil. Hoffmann, J.H., Impson, F.A.C. & Moran, V.C. 2000. Direct and indirect impacts of gall-forming insects: biological control of Acacia pycnantha in South Africa. Third International Weed Science Congress, Foz do Iguassu, Brazil. Jackson, G.E., Nair, M.M., Gäde, G. & Maliekal, J. 2000. NMR and molecular dynamic study of neuropeptides - a comparison between calculation and experiment, 30th Congress Ampere, Lisbon, Portugal. Jackson, S. & Nicolson, S.W. 2000. Xylose as a nectar sugar: from biochemistry to ecology. Invited symposium paper, Society for Experimental Biology international meeting, Cambridge, UK. Jacobs, D. S. 2000. Community Level Support for the Allotonic Frequency Hypothesis, University of Cape Town. Jayiya, T. 2000. Modelling the relative impacts of trawling and longlining on hake populations. Poster presented at Annual CALCOFI conference, Lake Arrowhead, California. King, J.A. 2000. Environmental flows in the Lesotho Highlands water Project at the World Bank’s Water Week, Washington. Lechanteur, Y.A.R.G. & Griffiths, C.L. 2000. The use of small Marine Protected Areas as a linefish management tool. 5th International Temperate Reef Symposium, Cape Town. Lopata, A.L. Luijkx, T., Sweijd, N. & Cook. P.A. 2000. Immunological detection of various abalone species. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Marco, H.G. & Gäde, G. 2000. Crustacean neuropeptides: are they unique or are they conserved and reflect peptides from other metazoan groups? The XVIIIth International Congress of Zoology: The new panorama of animal evolution, Athens, Greece. Marco, H.G. & Gäde, G. 2000. Neuropeptide hormones in the rock lobster, Jasus lalandii, with special reference to red pigment-concentrating hormone. Combined Millennium Meeting of Biological Sciences of South Africa, Grahamstown, South Africa. Marco, H.G., Stoeva, S., Echner, H., Voelter, W. & Gäde, G. 2000. The moult-inhibiting neuropeptide from the palinuran crustacean Jasus lalandii and its structural relationship to other crustacean neuropeptides. The XVIIIth International Congress of Zoology: The new panorama of animal evolution, Athens, Greece. Marco, H.G., Stoeva, S., Voelter, W. & Gäde, G. 2000. Characterisation and sequence elucidation of a novel peptide with moult inhibiting activity from the South African spiny lobster, Jasus lalandii. 20th conference of European Comparative Endocrinologists, Faro. Mayfield, S., Atkinson, L.J. & Branch, G.M. 2000. Rock lobsters, reserves and redundancy. 5th International Temperate Reef Symposium, Cape Town, South Africa. Mayfield, S., Branch, G.M. & Cockcroft, A.C. 2000. Redundant reserves for rock lobsters. 6th International Conference and Workshop on Lobster Biology and Management, Key West, Florida, USA. Miller-Butterworth, C.M., Jacobs, D.S. & Harley, E.H. 2000. Population genetics of Schreibers’ long- fingered bat, Miniopterus schreibersii, in South Africa. 30th North American Symposium on Bat Research, Miami, Florida, USA. Nicolson, S.W. 2000. Pollination by passerine birds: why are the nectars so dilute? Society for Experimental Biology international meeting, Cambridge, UK. Pollard, R. T., Lucas, M. I. & Read, J. F. 2000. Physical and biogeochemical zonation in the Southern Ocean SO-JGOFS Conference, Brest, France. Predel, R. & Gäde, G. 2000. Mass spectrometric analysis of hormone reservoirs in insects. Combined Millennium Meeting of Biological Sciences of South Africa, Grahamstown, South. Prochazka, K. & Griffiths, C.L. 1999. Towards prioritising Cape Estuaries for conservation. CAPE (Cape Action Plan for the Environment) Conference, Cape Town. Prochazka, K. & Griffiths, C.L. 2000. Estuaries - more that just a link between river and sea. CAPE (Cape Action Plan for the Environment) Conference, Cape Town. Prochazka, K. & Griffiths, C.L. 2000. Estuaries under threat in the Cape Floristic Kingdom. CAPE (Cape Action Plan for the Environment) Conference, Cape Town. Prochazka, K. & Lechanteur, Y.A.R.G. 2000. Who's reef is it anyway? An analysis of dietary niches of cryptic and suprabenthic reef fishes. Presented at the 5th International Temperate Reef Symposium, Cape Town. Ray, S. 2000. Feeding mechanism of endothiodont dicynodonts. In 11th Biennial Conference of the Palaeontological Society of Southern Africa, Pretoria. Ruiz Sebastián, C., Steffani, N. & Branch, G.M. 1999. Long walk to food? Invasive mussel changes limpet behaviour. Poster presented at the 10th South African Marine Sciences Symposium, Wilderness.

105 Ruiz Sebastián, C. 2000. Homing and movement patterns of the limpet Patella argenvillei in a population encroached by the Mediterranean black mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on the West coast of South Africa. Oral presentation at the 5th International Temperate Reef Symposium, Cape Town. Sweijd, N., Evans, B., Elliott, N.G. & Cook, P.A. 2000. Molecular tools for compliance enforcement - the identification of southern hemisphere abalone species from abalone products. 4th International Abalone Symposium, Cape Town. Tremblay, J.E., Lucas, M.I. & Price, N.M. 2000. What controls the C: NP composition of phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean SO-JGOFS Conference, Brest, France. Twatwa, N.M. 2000. Characterising the spawning habitats of sardine and anchovy in the southern Benguela ecosystem Annual CALCOFI conference, Lake Arrowhead, California. Wilhelm, M., Attwood, C.G. & Griffiths, C.L. 1999. Comparison on the relative density and size structure of surf-zone fishes between protected and unprotected areas along the Cape south coast. South African Marine Sciences Symposium, Wilderness. Wright, R., Lechanteur, Y.A.R.G., Prochazka, K. & Griffiths, C.L. 1999. Parasitism of Cape Hottentot Pachmetopon blockii (Val.) by the fish louse Anilocra capensis Leach 1818 in False Bay, South Africa. South African Marine Sciences Symposium, Wilderness. Zillman, J.W., Field, J.G. & Jarmache, E. 2000. Òunesco and the oceans: An evaluation of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, presented to Executive Committee, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Paris.

THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES

Awad, A. 2000. Distribution and endemicity patterns of marine benthic invertebrates in South Africa applied to the selection of priority conservation areas: 1-140. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. De Klerk, H. 1999. Biogeography and conservation of terrestrial Afrotropical birds: 1-206. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Estes, L. 2000. An investigation of the role of cost-distance in determining the pattern of human impact on Arthrixia elata in and around Songimvelo Nature Reserve, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Greyling, L. 2000. Investigating the effects of different land use on certain raptor species in South Africa and predicting the possible influences that future land transformations will have on the raptor community: 1-79. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Huyser, O.A.W. 2000. Diet and foraging behaviour of Macaroni and Chinstrap Penguins at Bouvetøya, South Atlantic Ocean: 1-167. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Johnson, S.A. 2000. Pollen digestion in flower-feeding Scarabaeidae: monkey beetles (Hopliini) and protea beetles (Cetoniini). M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Kleinjan, C.A. 2000. The natural enemies of bridal creeper, Myrsiphylum asparagoides and related species in the family Asparagaceae in Southern Africa and their potential as biological control agents in Australia. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Love, V. 2000. Human disturbance of birds on Knysna estuary: 1-43. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Lumbwe, F.C. 2000. The distribution and habitat preferences of wild ungulates and cattle in Lochinvar National Park, Zambia and the use of resources by people living adjacent to the park: 1-102. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Marco, H.G. 2000. Neuropeptide hormones from the eyestalks of Jasus lalandii: 1-264. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Millar, D. 2000. Distribution and abundance of Cape Hakes (Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus) in relation to environmental variation in the southern Benguela system. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Omolo, S. 2000. Transport stress in abalone. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Ratcliffe, C. 2000. Causes and remedies of population crashes of Helmeted Guineafowl in KwaZulu- Natal: 1-152. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Ratsirarson, H. 2000. The use of ants as bioindicators of conservation priority zones: a case study in the eastern region of Madagascar: 1-42. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Ruck, K. 2000. Parasites of abalone. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Ruzigandekwe, F. 2000. Afromontane forest loss in Rwanda: effects on bird diversity: 1-73. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. Volchansky, C. 2000. Interbreeding between two biotypes of Dactylopius opuntiae (Homptera: Dactylopiidae): implications for the biological control of Opuntia stricta and Opuntia ficus- indica (Cactaceae) in South Africa: 1-23. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town. .

106 Walker, A. 2000. Molecular evidence of interbreeding between wild and feral domestic Helmeted Guineafowl Numida meleagris: 1-28. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Cape Town.

UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS OF A POPULAR NATURE

Barnes, K.N. 2000. Kenya’s badlands : the desert denizens of the North. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(5):46-51. Barnes, K.N. 2000. Silhouettes in the swamps: Uganda's papyrus specials. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(1):48-55. Boix-Hinzen, C., Stanback, M. & Mendelsohn, J. 2000. Plugging the gap: monitoring Monteiro's hornbills. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(1):56-59. Brown, A.C. & Van Zyl, R. 2000. The UCT Centre for Marine Studies: a unique institution. South African Journal of Science 96:216-217. Chinsamy, A. 2000. Growth patterns of donosaurs. Dino Press 1:114-119. Covas, R., Lepage, D., Boix-Hinzen, C. & Du Plessis, M.A. 1999. Workshop Report - Evolution of sociality and life-history strategies in birds: confronting northern perspectives in the southern hemisphere. South African Journal of Science 95:400-402. Crowe, T.M. 2000. Gamebirds in southern Africa. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(2):68-74. Dean, W.R.J. & Milton, S.J. 2000. Bird boffins in Brisbane. South African Journal of Science 96:414- 416. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Blymoedige kwikkies bekend vir vriendskap. Buite-Burger:3, Mei 30. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Blymoedige kwikkies bekend vir vriendskap. Volksblad:8, Junie 3. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Bosluisvoël imperialis van die eerste water. Beeld:10, Januarie 8. du Plessis, M.A. 1999. Conservation implications for birds that wave flags and have nannies. Earthyear 20:96, December. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Dikkop roep waar dit wild, onbekend is. Beeld:8, Maart 4. du Plessis, M.A. 1999. Haastige windswaels doen byna alles in vlug. Die Volksblad Bonus:12, Mei 29. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. In die lente is daar min ruskans vir die oorwerkte. Buite-Burger:3, September 26. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Janfiskaal se bloeddorstige reputasie is onregverdig. Buite-Burger:2, September 5. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. ‘Kameelperde’ van voëlryk beïndruk. Die Volksblad:8, April 1. du Plessis, M.A. 1999. Kelkiewyn vernuftig vir droë dele aangepas. Die Volksblad:7, November 27. du Plessis, M.A. 1999. Kleinduikertjies: nou hier en dan weer daar. Buite-Burger:3, September 29. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. ‘n Kraai is nie ‘n voël om oor te gaap nie. Buite-Burger:4, April 25. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Kuifkopdobbertjies sorg vir skouspel in broeiseisoen. Buite-Burger:4, Februarie 22. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Kuifkoppe bied skouspel in broeiseisoen. Die Volksblad:8, Februarie 26. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Pienk flaminke: ‘n mengsel van elegansie, andersheid. Buite-Burger:2, Maart 28. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Pikkewyne kan stem dik maak oor olie. Buite-Burger:7, Julie 25. du Plessis, M.A. 1999. Sekretarisvoël sleep behoorlik vlerk. Die Volksblad Bonus:6, Januarie 30. du Plessis. M.A. 1999. Die skemerroep van Afrika kom uit die keel van 'n skimvoël. Die Volksblad Bonus: 5, Junie 26. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Skiereilandse brandramp: sodra die vlamme geblus is, begin 'n weke lange oorlewingstryd vir die wilde diere. Buite-Burger:1, Januarie 25. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Tarentaal se roep genoeg om toeriste na Afrika te lok. Buite-Burger:2, Oktober 24. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Tuinvoëls in lente lus vir oog en oor. Buite-Burger:3, September 26. du Plessis, M.A. 2000. Vlamme het voëls ook in die slag laat bly. Die Volksblad:12, Januarie 29. du Plessis, M.A. 1999. Vra enigeen wat al iewers in die Karoo of --. Buite-Burger:4, November 9. Hockey, P.A.R. 2000. Americans lost in Africa. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(1):14. Hockey, P.A.R. 2000. Avian jewels. Africa: Environment and Wildlife 8(2):62-71. Hockey, P.A.R. 2000. Evasion and illusion: adaptive coloration in animals. Africa: Environment and Wildlife 8(7):72-81. Hockey, P.A.R. & Oxford, P. 2000. Madagascar portfolio. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(2):58-64. Hockey, P.A.R. 2000. Baird's sandpiper: third record in the Afrotropics. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(6):19. Huyser, O. 2000. Albatross: dating games. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(2):25. Huyser, O. & Seymour, C. 2000. Counting the costs of a sunken Treasure. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(4):22-23.

107 Lechanteur, Y.A.R.G. 2000. False Bay's Marine Protected Areas: How beneficial are they? Cape Envirolink 1(4): 4-5. Lechanteur, Y.A.R.G. 2000. Past and Present False Bay Reef Fish Assemblages: What can we learn from past mistakes? Friends of the Simon's Town Coastline Newsletter 8:5-7. Lloyd, P. 2000. The Cape Wildlife Reserve. Africa: Environment and Wildlife 8(2):58-61. Lloyd, P. 2000. Defending personal space. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(1):23. Mangnall, M. 1999. The role of farm dams in conserving waterbirds in the western Cape. South African Wetlands 10:11-13. Mills, M. & Spottiswoode, C. 2000. Photospot: Star-spotted nightjar. Bulletin of the African Bird Club 7(2):141-143. Murison, G., Louw, K. & Pemberton, C. 2000. Nyasa seedcracker nest in Honde Valley, Zimbabwe. Promerops 241:13. PFIAO. 2000. Aldabra rails : a runaway success. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(5):11. PFIAO. 2000. Hybridisation and the Helmeted Guineafowl. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(2):16. PFIAO. 2000. Rwanda’s forest birds under threat. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(4):17. PFIAO. 1999. Sandgrouse as gamebirds. Africa: Birds and Birding 4(6):24. PFIAO. 2000. Sunbirds: Africa's jewels. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(1):18. PFIAO. 2000. The world at the Fitz. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(2):22. PFIAO. 2000. Bustards: living clues to Africa's past. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(6):14. Ryan, P.G. 2000. Fighting procumbent pearlwort on Gough Island. Africa: Environment and Wildlife 8(5):24-25. Ryan, P.G. 2000. Gull relationships all at sea. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(4):20-21. Ryan, P.G. 2000. Letter: Is banning plastic bags the answer? Africa: Environment and Wildlife 8(6):11, 13. Ryan, P.G. 2000. Separating albatrosses: Tristan or wandering? Africa: Birds and Birding 5(4):35-39. Ryan, P.G. 2000. Do wandering albatrosses really wander? Africa: Birds and Birding 5(6):13. Ryan, P.G. 2000. Longlining. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(6):17. Simmons, R. 2000. Harriers : skydancing though time. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(5):36-43. Simmons, R. & Jenkins, A. 1999. A bird in the hand. Africa: Birds and Birding 4(6):16-17. Spootiswoode, C. & Mills, M. 2000. Records from Gambela, western Ethiopia. Bulletin of the African Bird Club 7(2):97-100. Török, I.H. 1999. European bee-eaters and banded martins. Promerops 240:15. Wanless, R. & Underhill, L. 2000. Street-fighting girls. Africa: Birds and Birding 5(5):17.

UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH/TECHNICAL/POLICY DOCUMENTS/REPORTS

Bickerton, I.B., Brown, A.C. & Smith, C.E. 1999. Biological monitoring of the effects of fish-factory effluents: the Suid Oranje Factory, St Helena Bay - 1997. CSIR Report No. ENV/S-98039, 18 pages. Bickerton, I.B., Brown, A.C. & Smith, C.E. 1999. Biological monitoring of the effects of fish-factory effluents: the Suid Oranje Factory, St Helena Bay - 1997. CSIR Report No. ENV/S-98040, 19 pages. Brown, A.C., McLachlan, A., Kerley, G.I.H. & Lubke, R.A. 2000. Functional ecosystems: sandy beaches and dunes. In: Summary Marine Biodiversity Status Report for South Africa (ed. B.D. Durham, J.C. Pauw): pp. 4-5. National Research Foundation, Pretoria. Brown, A.C. 2000. Report on the Orientation 2000 programme in the Science Faculty at the University of Cape Town: revised and edited by A.C. Brown. Brown, A.C. 2000. Metals and pesticides in the tissues of marine mussels near the outfall from Wildevoëlvlei, Cape Peninsula west coast. Report for the South Peninsula Municipality. Centre for Marine Studies. Brown, A.C., Retief, D. & Van Zyl, R. 2000. Situation analysis of available information on effluent from Umbogintwini industrial comlex's marine pipelines for human health risk assessment. Report for Pulles Howard & De Lange Incorporated. Centre for Marine Studies. Brown, A.C. 2000. Beach and subtidal meiofauna from around the outfall of the Mossgas (Pty) Ltd pipeline in Mossel Bay: possible pollution effects. Report to Mossgas (Pty) Ltd. Centre for Marine Studies. Clark, B.M., Steffani, N.C., Young, S., Richardson, A.J. & Lombard, A.T. 2000. The effects of climate change on Marine Biodiversity in South Africa, 28-72. Dallas, H.F. 2000. Ecological Reference condition project: Field-manual. General information, catchment condition, invertebrates and water chemistry. National Biomonitoring Programme for Riverine Ecosystems: Report Series No 10. Institute for Water Quality Studies, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria, South Africa.

108 Dallas, H.F. & Fowler, J. 2000. Delineation of river types for rivers of Mpumalanga, South Africa: the establishment of a spatial framework for the selection of reference sites. National Biomonitoring Programme for Riverine Ecosystems: Report Series No 9. Institute for Water Quality Studies, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria, South Africa. Dallas, H.F. 2000. The derivation of ecological reference conditions for riverine macroinvertebrates. Draft document for the National Biomonitoring Programme for Riverine Ecosystems: Report Series No 12. Institute for Water Quality Studies, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria, South Africa. Fowler, J., Dallas, H.F. & Janssens, M.P. 2000. Rivers Database: A User Manual. National Biomonitoring Programme for Riverine Ecosystems: Report Series No 11. Institute for Water Quality Studies, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria, South Africa. Griffiths, C.L., McQuaid, C.D., Harris, J.M. & Dye, A.D. 2000. Functional Ecosystems: Rocky Shores. In Durham, B.D. & Pauw. J.C. (eds) Marine Biodiversity Status Report for South Africa. National Research Foundation, Pretoria. Hockey, P.A.R. 2000. Report on the Oystercatcher Conservation Programme workshop, Betty’s Bay. Hoffmann, J.H. 2000. Pinus species in South Africa: exploration for potential agents in Europe. Progress Report for the ‘Working for Water’ Review Panel. Hoffmann, J.H. 2000. Biological control of Acacia pycnantha (golden wattle) using a gall wasp Trichilogaster sp.: evaluation studies of the performance of the agent. Progress Report for the ‘Working for Water’ Review Panel. Isaksen, K., Huyser, O., Kirkman, S., Wanless, R. & Wilson, W. 2000. Studies of seabirds and seals at Bouvetøya 1998/99. CCAMLR Working Group Paper WG-EMM-00/13. CCAMLR, Hobart, Australia. Isaksen, K., Huyser, O., Kirkman, S., Wanless, R. & Wilson, W. 2000. Studies of seabirds and seals on Bouvetoya 1998/99. Norsk Polarinstituut. Internrapport 2:1-6 Jordaan, J. 2000. Report on the Orientation 2000 programme in the Science Faculty at the University of Cape Town. King, J.M., Tharme, R.E. & Brown, C.A. 2000. World Commission on Dams Thematic Report: definition and implementation of instream flows. WCD Report launched in London. Spottiswoode, C. & Herremans, M. 2000. Rapport de la mission MRAC à Grande Comore et à Mohéli: Section écotourisme. Turpie, J.K., Smith, B.S., Emerton, L. & Barnes, J. 1999. Zambezi Basin wetlands conservation and resource utilisation project : economic value of the Zambezi Basin wetlands. Cape Town: IUCN. Regional Office for Southern Africa, 346p. Whittington, P., Crawford, R.J.M., Huyser, O., Oschadleus, D., Randall, R., Ryan, P., Shannon, L., Wolfaardt, A., Cooper, J., Lacy, R. & Ellis, S. (eds) 2000. African Penguin Population and Habitat Viability Assessment: Final Report. Apple Valley, Minnesotta: IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, 152pp.

CONSULTANCY AND OTHER ACTIVITIES BASED ON EXPERTISE DEVELOPED IN RESEARCH

Professor George Branch serves on the Sea Fisheries Rock Lobster Working Group and the Biodiversity Working Group, and chaired the Committee on Access Rights for Fisheries. He is also a member of Subsistence Fishers task group. He is chair of the NRF evaluation committee for Animal and Veterinary Sciences. He served on the International NRF working group on Marine Reserves. Professor Alec Brown is a consultant to CSIR on biological effects of fish factory effluents. Professor Bryan Davies is a member of the editorial boards of the following journals: Societas International Vereinigung für theoretische und angewante Limnologie; Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems; Regulated Rivers: Research and Management. He has made three live television broadcasts and several dozen radio broadcasts both locally and internationally and contributed to New Scientist and other written media articles in relation to the problems of large dams and their management of floods, with particular reference to the Mocambican cyclone of February and March 2000. Recent water restrictions and water-crisis development in Cape Town have also involved a large amount of media coverage. His consultancies include the continuing troubles associated with the management of the Cahora Bassa Dam, inappropriate developments in the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, and on Cape Point and in the Hout Bay (Disa) Valley wetlands. He has also acted as specialist consultant to the World Commission on Dams.

109 Dr Jenny Day is a member of the task team of the Institute for Water Quality Studies (Department of Water Affairs and Forestry), developing methods for estimating the ecological reserve (as defined in the new National Water Bill). Professor Morné du Plessis is a member of The Auk and Journal of Avian Biology editorial boards. He is a member of the following committees: International Ornithological Committee; Scientific Committee of the Southern Hemisphere Ornithological Congress; Council of BirdLife SA; Advisory Board of the Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria; Chairman of the NRF's Terrestrial Biodiversity and Conservation Thrust Panel; External member of the University of Pretoria's Faculty of Science's Promotions Committee and Appointments Committee; External member of Review Panel of the University of Pretoria's Centre of Wildlife Management and Department of Animal Sciences. Professor John Field is President, Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR, a Committee of ICSU). He is a member of the Fisheries Advisory Committee (to Minister of Environmental Affairs and Fisheries, South Africa) and Chair of the Benguela Ecology Programme and of the SA Global Change Committee (for the IGBP). He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Committee to BENEFIT (Benguela Environment Fisheries Interaction Training) involving South Africa, Namibia and Angola, and a member of the Ocean Observations Panel for Climate (a panel of the Global Ocean Observations Systems and Global Climate Observations System). He also directs a programme on the effects of offshore diamond mining. Professor Charles Griffiths is leader of the aquatic component of CAPE- "Cape Action Plan for the Environment"- a WWF and World Bank sponsored programme to devise strategies for the conservation of biodiversity in the Cape Floristic Kingdom. Professor Phil Hockey is on the editorial board of Biological Conservation and is a member of the following committees: BirdLife South Africa Rarities Committee (Chairman), the Madagascar Rare Birds Panel, the Bird Taxon Advisory Group of the Pan-African Association of Zoological and Botanical Gardens. Conservation-management plan for the lower Berg River Consultancy to the RAMSAR Convention, Switzerland. Translocation and reintroduction of the Aldabran Flightless Rail Drryolimnas (cuveiri) aldabranus Consultancy to the Seychelles Island Foundation. Ornithological importance and zoning of the Soetwater coastal strip, Cape Peninsula Consultancy to the South Peninsula Municipality. Mr Jean Jordaan teaches and tutors, respectively, bridging and first year life science student groups, gathering data which centres on the performance of students in specially designed curricula. The outcomes of revision of these curricula are also under investigation. Dr Jackie King is the project leader of the R12 million project, leading an international team of 27 specialists, to advise on environmental flows for the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. Completed January 2000, now heading into negotiations between the Lesotho and RSA governments on re-signing of their Treaty on water sales. She is also the specialist advisor in Zimbabwe for a UK Department for International Development (DFID) funded project on environmental flows awarded to Mott MacDonald of UK, beginning December 2000. She taught at a Training Workshop for Undertaking Research to Assess the Socio-economic Benefits off Improved Water Resources Management in the Lower Zambezi Valley as the specialist on environmental flows. The workshop was organised by CalTech (USA) and funded by IUCN (Mozambique, March 2000). Dr Mike Lucas has been a consultant to the George Deacon Division of the Southampton Oceanography Centre (UK), undertaking collaborative research with Drs R. Pollard and J. Read and Prof P. Holligan. This consultancy work originated from successful research cruises (1995/96) with the Germans and British to the Southern Ocean and South West Indian Ocean respectively. Research at SOC has been extended to work collaboratively with Dr J. Aiken of the Plymouth Marine Laboratory (UK) within the Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) programme. He is involved in development of an MoU between the Southampton Oceanography Centre, UK, (SOC) & UCT (CMS) as well as the development of a formal post- graduate (PhD) exchange scheme between the SOC & UCT marine research institutes. Dr Mike Picker consults widely in respect of environmental impact assessments as a faunal (especially invertebrate) specialist. As an example he was contracted to provide the faunal component for the nomination of the Cape Peninsula as a World Heritage site. Dr Andrea Pulfrich: Impact of diamond mining on sub-tidal systems.

110 SOUTHERN WATERS

CONSULTANCIES UNDERTAKEN BY SOUTHERN WATERS DURING 2000 INCLUDE:

Lesotho Project: development of instream flow requirements: Project in collaboration with SMAEC International of Australia, ongoing since 1997 and finalised this year. Breede river basin study (October 1999 to October 2001): Southern Waters is working in collaboration with a joint-venture between MBB, Ninham Shand and Jakoet and Associates to undertake a determination of the instream flow requirements for the main rivers within the Breede River Basin. Zeekoevlei and Rondevlei restoration study: Appointed by the South Peninsula Municipality to develop an action plan for the restoration of these two vleis in the Cape Metropolitan Area. River health programme: Implementation design phase (January 1998 – August 2000). Southern Waters are responsible for the development of a methodology for the derivation of ecological reference conditions for invertebrates in South Africa. River health programme: Anchoring phase (May 2000 to May 2003): Southern Waters are responsible for developing the Rivers Database which is being used to manage all data collected as part of the programme at a local, regional and national level. Silvermine catchment management plan: Commissioned by South Peninsula Municipality to compile an Integrated Catchment Management Plan (ICMP) for the Silvermine River. Assess the potential impacts of the proposed upgrade and extension of the Kraaifontein WWTW on the downstream freshwater ecosystems. Provision of an overview of the ecological opportunities that exist for the rehabilitation of the Sand River Canal. Assessment of the potential impacts on freshwater ecosystems of the proposed upgrade of a toll road on the N1 and N2 National Routes in the Western Cape. Assessment of the current status of aquatic ecosystems within the Salt River Catchment as part of the formulation of the Catchment Management plan for the Salt River. Zandvlei Environmental Study. Impact of Vlei Drawdowns on False Bay Water Quality. Development of an urban river maintenance practitioners manual. Continued monitoring of the water quality in an artificial lake at the Capricorn Science and Technology Park. Review of Cyanobacteria in South Africa commissioned by the Water Research Commission. Assessment of the Tshokwane Wetland in Plettenberg Bay. Aquatic ecosystem assessment of Little Princessvlei and Princessvlei . Evaluation of the engineering options for flood alleviation in the Lourens River. Independent review of the Instream Flow Requirement model of the Voelvlei augmentation Study. Ecological input and authorship of the commended width of buffer zones for rivers of the Cape Metropolitan Council policy document: “Development Control Guidelines in flood prone areas”. Contribution to the World Bank Water Resources and Environmental management Series: Guideline 7: Environmental Flow assessments Part II. Thematic Review of Dams, Ecosystem Functions and Environmental Restoration: Definition and Implementation of Instream Flows. Thematic Review of Dams, Ecosystem Functions and Environmental Restoration: Information Needs for Appraisal and monitoring of ecosystem impacts. CMC Water Resources Planning Study: Rapid Reserve Determination of the Lourens and Eerste Rivers. Development of DRIFT - a methodology for the assessment of Instream Flows for aquatic ecosystems. Assessment of the opportunities for wetland creation along the Brookwood Stream. Development of the design and monitoring protocols for the artificial wetland at Long Beach Mall. Costing of the pre-development terms of reference for the Berg River. Development of management options for reed control at Zandvliet. Input into the design of a wetland along the Moddergat Stream. Wildervoelvlei nutrient and groundwater modelling. Ecological assessment of the Bellville waste site. Overall ecological assessment of the Vermont Pan in Hermanus. Input to the second phase development of flood management controls in the lower Silvermine River.

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OFFICE OF THE DEAN Programme in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education

HEAD: Professor Michael Kahn

Postal Address: RW James Building University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch 7701 Telephone: SA (21) 650-4351 Fax: SA (21) 650-3250 Email: [email protected]

OFFICE PROFILE

The Programme was formalised in late November 1999 with the approval to offer a new degree, the Bachelor of Science Education, which should enrol its first students in 2001. In addition the Programme teaches the M.Ed. (Science Education) and will convene the Advanced Certificate in Education (Science). The Programme Head is Advisor on Science and Technology to the Minister of Education and advises the national Department of Education on strategy for the improvement of science and mathematics education. The Programme also supports the Faculty of Science through curriculum development in the Life Sciences.

STATISTICS 2000

STAFF STUDENTS

Professors 1 M.Ed. 3 Lecturers 1 TOTAL 3 Administrative 1 staffs TOTAL 3

RESEARCH FIELDS

Prof. Michael Kahn curriculum change; evaluation; education policy; science and technology Policy Ms. G. Mitchell curriculum development in science

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

RESEARCH PAPERS AND REFEREED ARTICLES

Asmal, A.K. & Kahn, M.J. 2000. The Knowledge Economy: Fact or Fiction? South African Journal of Business Management 31(4): 131-136.

REPORTS

Kahn, M.J. & Volmink, J.D. 2000. Teaching and Learning of Mathematics and Science within the context of lifelong learning. Pretoria: Department of Education, 1-40. Kahn, M.J., Gering, M.Z., Ofir, U., Ofir, Z. & Volmink, J.D. 2000. A Study on the Potential for Regional Co-operation in Science and Technology Pretoria: Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology, 1-120.

112 Kahn, M.J. 2000. Intervention strategy for science, mathematics and technology education. Pretoria: Department of Education, 1-45.

CONFERENCE PAPERS

Kahn, M.J. 2000. Education reform with regard to skills development. International Conference on Capacity Building in the Water Sector, Johannesburg (invited address). Kahn, M.J. 2000. A strategy for science and mathematics education. Conference on Running your school as a business, Johannesburg (invited address). Kahn, M.J. 2000. The African century – opportunities and challenges for science education. Conference on Science and Technology Education, Cape Town (keynote address). Kahn, M.J. 2000. Developing a strategy for science and mathematics education. 3rd Conference on Science and Society, Fort Hare.

POPULAR ARTICLES

Kahn, M.J. 2000. Why educate for science and mathematics? Sunday Times 20 February.

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