The Kids Rule Guide to Castles 1
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THE MAGAZINE FOR YOUNG THE KidsRuLe! GUIDE TO… MEMBERS! See if you could make it as a soldier on page 14! Storm thE gates! SIEGE 5 Step inside England’s most SECRETS amazing medieval castles How to attack OF THE (and defend) BEST a castle Our favourite fortresses revealed INTERVIEW with a REAL- LORD FOR LIFE duchess A DAY? inside! Find your perfect castle job AND ME! • MEGA POSTER • PUZZLES INSIDE • COOL COMPETITION • LOLS! • FANTASTIC FORTRESSES Built to protect kings and nobles, defend borders and provide grand homes, England's castles are reminders of more troubled times hen someone nobles who ruled the country from them. says the word Inside the castles, servants would do castle you the daily work and attend to their lords probably think and ladies during great banquets (see of thick stone page 15), while soldiers and squires walls, tall trained and stood guard (see page 4). towers, a big They were also a place where the people drawbridge over of the town could stay safe if they were a moat, brave knights, soldiers under attack (see page 12). storming the gates, archers firing at Blip to see Eventually, not even the great stone them, and possibly even a dragon. a video castles offered a defence to armies. But Well, all of these happened (apart from about while many were left to become ruins, the dragon) and the remains of these medieval others were used by wealthy lords and fantastic fortresses still stand proudly ladies as their huge houses that you all over England, hundreds of years castle can still see and visit today. after they were first built. design See facing page WILLIAM S CASTLES to find out how These castles took many forms (see page LOL! 6). The first were built by William the my mum How often Conqueror after he invaded England and made me wear this hat! should you became king when he was victorious at visit a castle? the Battle of Hastings in 1066. Over the Once a fort next 90 years William and his family strengthened their hold over England night! by building hundreds of castles. They started off building small castles out of wood on top of large mounds of earth, which are known as motte-and- baileys. These were quick and cheap to build, but bigger, better defences were needed to keep attackers out. Over time, castle design got better as tougher stone walls, towers and defences were introduced to protect the kings and In our 11TH 11th 12th 12th defence cenTURY cenTURY cenTURY cenTURY The Normans build At key castles the Castles become much Extra high stone walls How the design of motte-and-bailey Normans start more comfortable for are added around England’s castles castles – wooden turning the wooden the kings and lords the keeps, along with changed over time forts on mounds forts into much living in them with square towers, strong with more buildings stronger square stone decorated rooms, art gatehouses and all fenced off below. ones, called keeps. and furniture. manner of defences. 02 Bring THIS ISSUE TO LIFE! Look for the Blippar logo to discover extra cool stuff through a smartphone camera. Here's how... A day in the life… Ask a Launch 4 Meet Rufus the squire at Goodrich Castle 1 grown-up 3 Blippar to download the and fill the screen Blippar app to a with the page you Five of the best castles phone or tablet wish to Blip 6 Introducing our finest fortresses Castle gatehouse poster Look out Watch the 8 The next part of your mega timeline! 2 for this 4 page come symbol on pages to life, giving you that have access to extra Framlingham Castle guide Blippable content cool stuff! 10 The rise and fall of this Suffolk castle Interview with a duchess 11 Meet Margaret Brotherton at Framlingham Attack the castle! WIN 12 How attackers tried to get into castles Defend the castle! A COOL FLAG! 13 How attackers were kept out of castles Design your own coat of arms and send us a photo of your design! Castle quiz 14 Find out what your perfect job would be Your design could include drawings of your home, family, pets, favourite superheroes – anything goes! We'll send the winner a cool flag featuring their design. To enter, go to www.english- What’s for dinner? heritage.org.uk/kids where you can download a shield template. 15 Enjoy a banquet at Old Wardour Castle Dress-up time 16 Make a knight’s helmet out of cardboard Halt! who This magazine is published on behalf of goes there? English Heritage by Immediate Media Co. www.immediate.co.uk For English Heritage Luke Whitcomb, Johanna Lovesey, Tersia Boorer, Tony Dike, Rebecca Thompson For Immediate Media Co Group editor Matt Havercroft Art editor Sam Freeman Group production editor Oliver Hurley Senior account executive Georgina Luton Director Julie Williams Editorial director Dan Linstead Design director Will Slater Contributors Terms and conditions The closing date and time for entries is midnight on 24 June 2018. Jeremy Ashbee, William Wyeth, Richard Nevell, Adam Rees The promoter is English Heritage. If you are under 13 you need permission from your parent/guardian before entering the competition. One winner will receive a flag featuring Illustration and photographs the winning design. For full terms and conditions go to www.english-heritage.org.uk/kids. Wesley Robins, Tony Pick 200444 13th 13th 14th 15th 16th cenTURY cenTURY cenTURY cenTURY cenTURY Deep ditches called A second outer wall Castle builders Castles can no longer Many lords decided moats are dug and more towers are replace square towers defend against to make their castles around castles as an added to the most with stronger circular cannons so noblemen look prettier, using extra defence. Some important castles to ones. These allow swap their old, bricks to build new are filled with water, make sure no one you to see everyone draughty castles for 'castles' and replace which is even better! could get in! attacking you. comfortable houses. ruined castle walls. 03 A day in the life… Meet Rufus, a young squire at Goodrich Castle in the year 1300 This is Rufus. He is 14 and a squire living in beautiful Goodrich Castle, near the Welsh border. He is learning how to be a knight. Every day begins at Rufus was sent to Goodrich by his family to learn dawn with a breakfast how to become an honourable knight. He started of bread and water. off as a page when he was seven, learning how to fight and even how to hunt with a hawk. Bleurgh! It’s a shame the Normans didn’t bring croissants How many with them rabbits will you catch today Lightning? Training with weapons is also a daily task. For Being a knight is about more than just years Rufus has trained with wooden weapons fighting. Rufus also has to learn things but he’s now started to use real ones. such as how to have good manners. Good day, my lady Did you tire You won’t be a of swords, great swordsman squire? until you can lift one up! The lady of the castle teaches Rufus how to be a gentleman, run a household and how to be a noble warrior, but he also has to do duties for her. Ah, it’s you Rufus, I thought I could fetch me some smell something fish. the abbess fishy! is coming for dinner tonight Rufus picks up the fish and takes it to the kitchen, where it will be salted and cooked. The servants are busy making everything for dinner. There are rumours that the Welsh might attack, so everyone is on alert. Rufus stands on the walls with a soldier and spots horsemen approaching. I hope so, otherwise my Are they dinner plans our men? are ruined! Rufus helps to serve the lady and It’s the lady’s son coming home. the abbess, and is told what to do Hopefully Rufus can spend tomorrow by the household steward. learning from him how to lead an army. Welcome back Hurry with sire. May I come that fish, out riding with Rufus! you soon? Of course, young Rufus. Soon it’ll be But first, Sir Rufus dinner! to you… WARKWORTH 1 DOVER CASTLE Where? Northumberland CASTLE Warkworth Castle is surrounded by 2 a river on three sides, giving it very strong defences. It was built in the 12th century and when Edward I started a war with Scotland it meant trouble for Warkworth. It was attacked twice in 1327 but the castle’s soldiers were able to defend it. The king owned the castle for a while before giving it to Henry de Percy. His family were some of the most powerful people in northern England. DID YOU KNOW? The Percy family carved a picture of a lion into the side of the keep at Warkworth Castle OF THE KIntroducing five of NGS the best English Heritage castles and their royal romances, bloody battles and lords and ladies MIDDLEHAM KENILWORTH 4 Where? North Yorkshire CASTLE Middleham Castle is one of England’s CASTLE great castles: its oldest part, the keep, dates all the way back to the 5 end of the 12th century. Like nearby Bowes and Richmond Castles, it was probably built to guard the Yorkshire Dales from Scottish attacks. It was the home of several important families in its history. The Nevilles, key figures in the Wars of the Roses in the 15th century, held it from around 1260, and it was also one of King Richard III’s favourite homes.