D E V O L U M E 9 PAUL UNIVERSITY PAUL 2016 Creating Knowledge Creating D E PAUL UNIVERSITY THE LAS JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE THE LAS Creating Knowledge THE LAS JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP V O L U M E 9 | 2 0 1 6 CREATING KNOWLEDGE The LAS Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship 2016 EDITOR Warren C. Schultz ART JURORS Chi Jang Yin, Coordinator Laura Kina Steve Harp COPY EDITORS Eric Houghton Whitney Rauenhorst Samantha Schorsch TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 Foreword, by Dean Guillermo Vásquez de Velasco, PhD STUDENT RESEARCH 8 Kevin C. Quin Moral Economy: Black Consumerism and Racial Uplift in Tan Confessions, 1950-51 (African and Black Diaspora Studies Program) 16 Zoe Krey Cokeys, Gongs, and the Reefer Man: Cab Calloway’s Use of Strategic Expressionism during the Harlem Renaissance (Department of American Studies) 26 Emily Creek Icelandic Coffee Shops and Wes Anderson Amorphous Time (Department of Anthropology) 36 Ryan Martire The Eyes of Christ (Department of Catholic Studies) 44 Austin Shepard Woodruff “What My Eyes Have Seen”: Consolidating Narrative Memory and Community Identity in The History of Mary Prince, A West Indian Slave: Related by Herself (Department of English) 52 Florence Xia Commémoration, par Maya Angelou (French Program, Department of Modern Languages) 54 Megan M. Osadzinski Eine nietzscheanische Auslegung von Frank Wedekinds Frühlings Erwachen (German Program, Department of Modern Languages) 60 Christie A. Parro Tristan Tzara: Dada in Print (Department of History of Art and Achitecture) 68 Chas Sirridge The Chicago Plan Commission and the Vision for Postwar Chicago (Department of History) 78 David Purucker Amnesia on the “Lakeside”: Prospects for the Right to the City in South Chicago (Department of International Studies) 86 Amy Reece Outrages on the Women of Ireland: Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Committed By Crown Forces during the Anglo-Irish War (Irish Studies Program) 96 Jada Ward Don’t Say It Out Loud: Homosexuality during the Production Code (LGBTQ Studies Program) 104 Lizbeth Sanchez The Politics of Protection: Domestic Violence Asylum Seekers Divided Along Gender and Racial Lines (Department of Latin American and Latino Studies) 112 Rebecca MacMaster The Fundamental Beloved: A Heideggerian Analysis of Love, Art, and Broken Tools (Department of Philosophy) 118 Emily Hermann Locke’s Dangerous Provision: Prerogative Power in Theory and Practice (Department of Political Science) 124 Stephanie Wynn Examining the Relationship Between Nature Relatedness, Religiosity, and Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Micro-Study (Department of Sociology) 132 Ani Kasparian Mérida: un mosaico de etnicidades atadas por el comercio (Spanish Program, Department of Modern Languages) 148 Kacey Whalen Freeing Bluebeard’s Wives: The Importance of Intersectionality in Fairy Tale Studies Through Nalo Hopkinson (Department of Women’s and Gender Studies) 146 Emily Power The Visual Rhetoric of Flower Child at the Pentagon: Iconicity Appropriated Across Time and Space (Department of Writing, Rhetoric, and Discourse) TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) STUDENT ARTWORK Cover Angela Guest Obsessed #3 24 Allison Nolden Untitled 25 Allison Nolden Untitled 35 Francesca Martiono San Gimignano Color 53 Angela Brown Sharper Image 59 Willie Burton Untitled 67 Alicia Moran Temporal Process 77 Yuting Wei Sunset 94 Alexandria Cluxton Untitled 95 Angela Brown Future outta Frame 117 Victoria Trahey To Be Alone 137 Angela Guest Acting Out 153 Witnee Warell Desert Damsels FOREWORD Dear Students, Colleagues, Alumni and Friends, Throughout my career as faculty and administrator in higher education I have been honored with the opportunity to introduce and celebrate the publication of scholarly work by colleagues and graduate students in many disciplines and institutions around the world. After more than three decades of doing so, this is the first time that I have the pleasure of introducing a formal publication of work created by a talented group of undergraduate scholars. This honor is further magnified by the fact that beyond its formal format, this is a reviewed publication of extraordinary rigor and evident intellectual sophistication. This publication makes palpable the exceptional commitment of our community to not only consume knowledge but also be fully engaged, at all levels, in its creation and dissemination. In this ninth volume of Creating Knowledge: The LAS Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship, we celebrate 19 essays and 13 art works, representing advanced coursework produced in twenty different departments during the 2015-2016 academic year. Most of the work hereby presented has already been subject of recognition through department awards and supported by undergraduate research and creative grants. All have been selected by department-based faculty committees as the best of the year’s student creative work and all have been revised for submission under the supervision of faculty. The first footnote to each essay provides information about the class in which it was written and the processes of selection and revision. Together they represent the intellectual diversity for which our college is rightfully renowned. I hope that our readers will experience the same sense of pride on the work of our students that I feel. I also hope that our students see the work of their more advanced colleagues as a challenge soon to be transformed into the opportunity to build on the accomplishments of their predecessors. Last, but certainly not least, I hope that our alumni and friends of the college will take this opportunity to renew their support of our students through the establishment of additional scholarships and the inclusion of our graduating students in their recruitment and hiring plans. In closing I would like to express my profound gratitude to the more than 60 faculty who supported, reviewed, selected, and helped to edit this remarkable collection of student work. Thanks are also due to the three Department of Art, Media and Design faculty who served as jurors of the art work and the three masters in writing and publication students who proofread the volume. In particular, I would like to thank Warren Schultz, associate dean of undergraduate studies in the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, who serves as editor of the volume, putting out the call for submissions, supporting the faculty work of reviewing, selecting, and editing the student essays, and coordinating the production of the print and digital editions. We are a collective of perpetual learners that finds great joy in creating knowledge. It is my pleasure to invite you to enjoy this new issue of Creating Knowledge: The LAS Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship. Sincerely, Guillermo Vásquez de Velasco, PhD Dean DEPAUL UNIVERSITY 7 MORAL ECONOMY: BLACK CONSUMERISM AND RACIAL UPLIFT IN TAN CONFESSIONS, 1950-51 Kevin C. Quin* African and Black Diaspora Studies Program “Capitalism and market forces welcomed black folk into the as well as one of the essential ingredients—of this prosperity.2 world of hedonistic consumerism. Rather than worry our Despite such financial expansion and material gain, Black minds and hearts about social justice, antiracist struggle, families struggled for inclusion in the economic prosperity women’s liberation, the plight of the poor, or the failure more easily attained by whites. Federal poverty statistics of democratic principles, black people were urged to see illustrate that by the late 1950s, only 16.5 percent of white consumption as the way to define success and well-being.” families lived in poverty, a percentage vastly smaller than the 54.9 percent of poor Black families.3 Moreover, Blacks bell hooks, Rock My Soul: Black People and Self-Esteem faced a paucity of opportunities for social advancement as (2003) they struggled to secure quality education and the right to vote.4 The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s had yet The Post World War II Economic Boom to happen, as the landmark decision of Brown vs. Board of During the mid-twentieth century, the economic growth Education and the crisis at Little Rock Central High School following World War II marked an incredible period of material during this decade helped catalyze subsequent Black consumption in the United States. One’s status as a citizen liberation movements.5 was measured by how much they could consume. In The Unfinished Journey: America Since World II, historian William One effort to assuage the feelings of inferiority that Blacks H. Chafe chronicles the political, cultural, and economic often felt as a result of economic and social exclusion came climate of the decades after the second World War. He writes from editor and publisher John H. Johnson. Utilizing his that as a result of the postwar boom, nearly 60 percent of the background as a businessman, Johnson founded Johnson American population had achieved a ‘middle-class’ standard Publishing Company in 1942.6 His publishing enterprise of living by the mid-1950s in contrast to only 31 percent successfully tapped into a literary market that previously in the last year of prosperity before the Great Depression.1 failed to acknowledge the wide range of experiences in With the proliferation of highways that led to suburbs Black life. Some of the company’s earlier publications were sprawling with spacious multi-level homes, the desire to buy Ebony, which featured success stories of the Black working household luxuries like television sets, washing machines, and class, and Negro Digest, a monthly magazine that included automobiles especially increased concomitantly. Chafe argues consumerism represented one of the primary consequences— 2 Ibid.,114. 3 Amy Glasmeier, An Atlas of Poverty in America: One Nation, Pulling * Prepared for ABD 399, an independent study course, with Professor Julie Apart 1960-2003 (New York: Routledge, 2006), 1. E. Moody-Freeman in winter quarter 2016. Professor Amor Kohli assisted 4 Chafe, The Unfinished Journey: America Since World War II, 140. in the editing for publication. 5 Ibid., 151 1 William Chafe, The Unfinished Journey: America Since World War II 6 John H.