Planning for Smart Grid in TNB System

PECon2010 2010 IEEE Conference on Power and Energy Sunway Resort Hotel & Spa

Mohd Yusof Rakob Berhad, [email protected]

1 Contents of presentation

• Introduction • utility companies in Malaysia • Overview of demand – supply of TNB’s grid system • Overview of TNB’s grid system • Identifying drivers for developing smart grid • Features of TNB’s smart grid

• TNB’s smart grid implementation plan • Future prospects and opportunities

“Powering The Nation” 2 Electric power utility companies in Malaysia

Peninsular Malaysia Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB)

Sabah Electricity Sendirian Berhad (SESB) (80% owned by TNB)

Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB)

3 General profile of power utilities in Malaysia

TNB (P. Malaysia) SEB (Sarawak) SESB (Sabah)

• Operates in Peninsular • Operates in Sarawak • Operates in Sabah Malaysia • Total generation • Total generation • Total generation capacity: 1230 MW capacity is 866.4 MW capacity is 21,051 MW (2009) (2010) (2010) • Customer is 499,618 • Customer is 413,983 • Customer is 7,593,684 • Max demand : 1036 • Max demand :760 MW • Max demand: MW • Gen mix (2009): 15,072MW • Gen mix (2009): – 57% oil • Gen mix (2010): –53% gas – 31% gas – 54% gas – 34% coal – 9% hydro – 40% coal –8% hydro – 3% biomass. – 5.2% hydro –5% diesel – 0.2% distillate

NOTE: Electricity supply industry in Malaysia is a fully regulated. TNB, SEB and SESB are vertically integrated and operate along with independent power producers (IPPs). 4 Overview Of TNB System - Trend of demand growth (2007 ~ 2010) Weekly Peak Demand & Trough (MW) - Week Ending 14/11/2010

Peak Demand of 14,311MW 15,500

14,500

13,500

12,500

11,500 2009 Peak Demand: 14,245MW

10,500 2007 Peak Demand: 13,620MW MW 2008 Peak Demand: 14,007MW 9,500

8,500

7,500

6,500

5,500 1 Jan3 5 Feb7 9 Mar11 13Apr15 17 May19 21 Jun23 25 27Jul 29 31Aug33 35 Sep37 39 41Oct43 45Nov47 49Dec51

2007 PD 2008 PD 2009 PD 2010 PD 2007 Trough 2008 Trough 2009 Trough 2010 Trough

NOTE: PD denotes Peak Demand 5 Overview Of TNB System - Electricity consumption by customer type (1990~2030)

Historical Forecast

1990 2000 2015 2025

6 Overview Of TNB System - Trend of power generation mix (1976~2008)

100.0% Distillate 90.0% Hydroelectricity Coal 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% Oil 30.0% Natural gas 20.0% 10.0%

0.0%

1976 1982 1984 1986 1990 1992 1994 1998 2000 2002 2006 2008 1978 1980 1988 1996 2004

7 Overview Of TNB System - Transmission power grid

Main Transmission Grid PENINSULAR MALAYSIA 500kV / 275kV / 132kV of approximately MAIN GRID • 19,000 circuit-kilometers of overhead PERLIS LANGKAWI Chuping transmission lines Kangar Kuah PERLIS Coal • 780 circuit-kilometers of underground POWERKota Setar Alor Setar KEDAH Gurun Tanah Merah N transmission cables Bedong Sg. Petani PERGAU PRAI POWER • 385 transmission substations with Georgetown Butterworth TEMENGOR PULAU PINANG Bukit Tengah Kuala Kulim BERSIA Junjung GELUGOR Bukit Tambun transformation capacity of 83,000 MVA KENERING SG PIAH UPPER SG PIAH LOWER Kuala Berang CHENDEROH KENYIR Gua Musang Kuala Kangsar TERENGGANU Taiping PERAK Ipoh PAKA Cross - Border Interconnection Papan YTL SEGARI Batu Gajah Kampar JOR Ayer Tawar Telok Kalong GB3 Seri Iskandar Kuala Lipis Dungun • 300kV HVDC P. Malaysia - Thailand Lumut WOH JANAMANJUNG ODAK Jerantut Teluk Intan (300MW)

Kuala Kubu Baru • 132kV HVAC P. Malaysia - Thailand Mentakab Bukit Tarek SELANGOR Kg Awah Kuala Selangor Bentong Temerloh (80MW) PORT KL (N) KLWILAYAH (E) Shah Alam PERSEKUTUAN CONNAUGHT BRIDGE KL (S) SERDANG Hicom G Muadzam Shah • 275kV HVAC link P. Malaysia - Singapore GENTING SANYEN NEGERI SEMBILAN Banting Salak Seremban Tinggi Kuala Pilah JIMAH Paroi (450MW) Gemas TJPS PD POWER MELAKA Kelemak Melaka POWERTEK Melaka (E) Yong Peng (N) PAHLAWAN PANGLIMA

Batu Pahat

LEGEND Pontian Kechil Johor BahruYTL 500kV line PASIR 500kV energized 275kV TG BIN GUDANG 275kV lineline 8 TNB’s main concerns on planning

• Electricity demand growth continues – 3.5% for next 10 years – 2.7% for next 20 years Coal • The local natural gas resources as “clean” fuel is depleting • It will be replaced by coal, until nuclear option is available in post 2020

• There are serious concerns on CO2 emission, increasing dependency on fossil sources and lack of RE, EE & DSM and increasing consumer expectations • There is urgent need to increase operational efficiency i.e. there is need to increase utilisation of transmission and distribution assets and to reduce system losses

Opens opportunity for harnessing the benefits of smart grid 9 Drivers for developing TNB’s smart grid

Global trends • Development of smart grid is driven by 4 factors : . Ageing infrastructure (generation, transmission & distribution systems) . Energy crisis (energy security & costs) Coal . Financial crisis (grid reinforcement becomes unaffordable) . Environmental crisis (green house gaseous) • They occur simultaneously

TNB’s case; TNB’s long term strategic plans • TNB’s 25 years Electricity Technology Roadmap (TRM) , with a purpose of modernising electricity supply industry in Malaysia • TRM focuses on 4 main goals: . Reliable and efficient delivery system . Intelligent power-delivery systems . Value-added electricity products and services . Enhanced environmental management • The actions to go ahead is now

10 TRM sets TNB’s journey towards smart grid

Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2007

TNB Technology TNB Research TNB Technology Roadmap (TRM) 1 Technology Roadmap Roadmap 2 • Overview of 25-year Electricity • Align TNB 20 years Strategic • Technology options derived TRM for the electricity supply Plan and TNB TRM from TRM 1 industry (2004 – 2030) • 1st Destination (2006-2010) - • Detail out action plan of chosen • 4 themes in the TNB Electricity 18 research programs have technology options TRM been created to ensure long • 6 technologies identified: •Reliable and efficient term and progressive effort to • Improve combustion delivery system improve the TNB power efficiency •Intelligent power-delivery delivery system and 11 Niche • RBI systems Technical Services will • IEC 61850 •Value-added electricity spearhead the company • WAIS products and services towards business expansion • DNIM •Enhanced environmental • 2nd Destination (2011-2015) – • CRM management 4 Advanced Research Program and 2 Specialised Technical Services have been identified

TNB TRM sets up the foundations and goals for near and long terms 11 TNB’s TRM destinations

4 2030: Breakthrough Energy Conversion Technologies & Sustainable Development

2020: Smart & Intelligent 3 Electricity Delivery Management

2015: Robust & 2015: Enhanced Electricity Resilient Power Products & Services Delivery System 2

1 2010: Reliable Electricity Supply 2004: start 2010: Efficient Electricity Production & Delivery

12 Progress of foundation work so far

TECHNOLOGY IDENTIFICATION IMPLEMENTATION STATUS AREA OF IMPLEMENTATION Risk Based Inspection (RBI) Implemented (as part of TRM2) Generation Condition Based Monitoring (CBM) Masterplan was completed. Distribution Database for power applications Implemented (as part of TRM2) Distribution Fuel quality improvement Implemented (as part of TRM2) TNB Fuel & TNBR GIS for power applications Implemented (as part of TRM2) Distribution Renewable Energy Pilot demo completed. Policy is being drafted. TNBR; TNB-ES & planning Environmental monitoring Implemented. TNB power stations & TNBR Self diagnostics of power system Implemented as part of TRM2 (IEC 61850 & WAIS) Transmission Optimise grid-interconnection On-going. Transmission Advanced control of Transmission Eqm Implemented as part of TRM2 (IEC 61850 & WAIS) Transmission Emergency confinement & restoration Implemented as part of TRM2 (IEC 61850 & WAIS) Transmission Distribution SCADA Implemented at major load centres. Distribution New technologies for cables & joints R&D project concluded. TNBR & Distribution

Integrated Customer Information System Implemented (as part of TRM2) Distribution Digital Power Line R&D pilot demo completed TNBR Advanced materials Materials laboratory set-up TNBR 13 Conceptualising TNB’s smart grid

Infrastructure & Long term Environment Economic/ resource strategy stakeholder value strategy Financial perspective Higher asset Environmental Energy security efficiency sustainability

Customer Higher supply Higher energy Enable customer’s Lower CO2 perspective reliability efficiency choice emission

Technology enabler Research area Customer Management Regulations, • DMS and distribution • Control • Customer information Standards and Internal automation architecture • Customer engagement Societal perspective • AMI • ICT • Customer participation commitments • New resources (RE, EE, infrastructure • Commercial • Shared vision Co-gen, DER, PHEV) • “Prosumer” frameworks • Support • Active grid interface • Collaboration • Test projects • Active grid

Learning & Information Organisation Human capital growth capital capital Government Research & perspective TNB Customer & Regulator technology providers 14 TNB’s smart grid objectives

Objectives Initiatives Improving operational • Distribution management system efficiency (i.e. higher • On-line condition monitoring supply reliability) • Distribution automation Improving energy and • Field Force Automation asset efficiency • Geographical information system • Customer information system • Customer management system Empowering customers • Advance metering infrastructure • Interface with building energy management system Reduce CO2 emission • Promote RE, EE, Co-gen, DER • Facilitate to enable connection of RE, EE, Co-gen, DER • Dynamic voltage/VAR control Support use of PHEV • Facilitate charging of PHEV 15 TNB’s smart grid project

• TNB Smart Grid was embarked on November 2009. • TNB has decided to implement Smart Grid Test Systems as demonstration projects. • Three sites have been identified for Smart Grid Test Systems : – Bayan Lepas (North); represents industrial area – Bukit Bintang (Central); represents commercial centre – Medini (South); represents green field area • To drive the implementation of the Smart grid Test Systems, the TNB Smart Grid Steering Committee was formed

16 Smart Grid Steering Committee

Chairman (Chief Operating Officer)

Secretariat (System Planning)

Research Transmission Distribution Corporate ICT

17 Smart Grid Steering Committee

Terms of reference (TOR) – Definition and Purpose of smart grid for TNB – Functions of SGSC – Roles of SGSC – Membership of SGSC - G,T,D, Research, ICT & Planning – Quorum requirement – Agenda Items – Minutes of Meeting – Frequency of Meeting

18 TNB Smart Grid Development Phases

Phase 1 (2010-2011) • Improving operational efficiency via automation

Phase 2 (2011-2013) • Empowering Customers • Improving Energy & Network Efficiency Phase 3 (2011-2015) • Reducing CO2 via Renewable Energy

19 Smart grid implementation initiatives

Phase 1 (2010-2011) Phase 2 (2011-2013) Phase 3 (2011-2015)

Increase Customers Improve Energy Improve Reliability Reduce CO2 Participation Efficiency • Implementation of •Deployment of • Development of VAR •Solar PV DA at pilot Sites Advanced Metering Control • BIPV • Deployment of DMS Infrastructure (AMI) • Hardware+Software •Energy Storage modules • Bidirectional exchange • Demand Side • Batteries • Fault Location, Isolation of usage information Management •Electric Cars (PHEV) & Restoration (FLIR) •Improve billing • Provide live information •Charging stations • State Estimator Accuracy & to customers • Auto Contingency Efficiency • Autonomous Demand •Solar / LED Street Analysis Control Lightings • Auto Feeder •Improve New • Increase T&D Reconfiguration (AFR) Connection Process asset utilization • Development of Integrated Customer Information System • Integration of the various information systems e.g. CIBS, ERMS, CGIS, MFFA

Advanced ICT Infrastructure 20 Phase 1 TNB smart grid test system: Improving reliability of supply via automation

No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid 1 Power is generated at large power Yes Yes stations and transmitted and distributed via T & D systems 2 Method of locating fault Manual Automatic 3 Method of isolation and sectionalizing Manual Automatic of faulty section 4 Method of feeder reconfiguration for Manual (not Automatic optimal operation optimized) 5 Method of restoration of supply after Manual Automatic fault is sectionalized 6 Method of mobilization of field or repair Manual Automatic crew 7 Update database for management and Manual Automatic

customer information systems 21 Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Empowering Customers

No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid 1 Customer is aware of own energy No Yes consumption in real time 2 Customer has information for making Limited Yes decisions on changing their demand pattern (via BEMS) & gain benefits 3 Customers have the capability to export No Yes power from RE sources back into the grid (on agreed terms)

22 Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Improve Energy & Network Efficiency

No Features Current Grid Smart Grid 1 TNB is ready for demand side No Yes management 2 Automatic voltage and MVAR control No Yes and to reduce distribution system losses 3 Utility can communicate with customers No Yes energy management system on controling customers demand pattern 4 Higher utilization of T & D assets No Yes 5 Peak load reduction and interruptible No Yes load could be operated smoothly

23 Phase 3 TNB smart grid test system: Reducing CO2 emission via renewable energy, energy efficiency, co-gen, DER, etc No Features Current Grid Smart Grid 1 Network is ready for penetration of No Yes renewable energy sources (solar PV), co-gen, DER, etc 2 Network is capable to cater for bi- No Yes directional power flow 3 Excess power generated via RE, BIPV, No Yes etc is fully taken & utilized via the grid 4 Network is capable of meeting demand No Yes of electric cars (PHEV)

24 Phase 1 Implementation • Six (6) activities / areas have been identified to kick start the phase 1 of Smart Grid Test Systems . Planning Studies . DMS/DA project . AMI Project . Communication project . System Integration . Online Condition Monitoring

25 Terms of Reference Activity 1: Planning studies

Activities Establishing the distribution network for smart grid implementation Purposes • To assess readiness of the network • To identify components which need to be upgraded Tasks 1. To compile and draw diagram to detail out connectivity of 33kV and 11kV distribution systems related to the designated smart grid area up to the immediate transmission PMUs, year by year, from 2011 to 2015. 2. To evaluate readiness of the network by using power flow, contingency and short circuit analyses method on the related smart grid area 3. To identify the components in the network which need to be upgraded for implementing distribution automation Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and recommendations To complete 30 December 2010 by

26 Terms of Reference Activity 2: DMS/DA Project

Activities Implementation of Distribution Automation and Distribution Management System

Purposes • Enable automatic detection, isolation and restoration of supply following a fault. • Enable network optimization via load-flow and contingency analysis • Enable fast response time Tasks 1. To complete the installation and commissioning of SCADA / DA facilities for the selected substations in the pilot sites. 2. To evaluate and implement the most effective communication technology for the SCADA in collaboration with ICT. 3. To roll out and integrate DMS applications with existing SCADA such as (but not limited to) : • Fault location, isolation and restoration of supply • Balanced load flow • Contingency analysis • State estimator • Automatic feeder reconfiguration

Deliverables 1. A fully functional Distribution Automation system for the pilot sites. 2. Progress and Completion reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting issues and recommendations To complete 31 June 2011 by

27 Terms of Reference Activity 3: Advanced Metering Infrastructures Activities Progressive migration from RMR feature to AMI-like capability Purposes • Enable irregularity and tempering detection • Perform remote disconnection/re-connection • Facilitate LV outage management • Provide customers with consumption information for demand response Tasks 1. To achieve 100% RMR reading capability for the existing HT/MV/LV LPC installation 2. To roll out RMR for OPC for selected areas 3. To enable GPRS communication modem for HT/MV/LV LPC RMR and RF/PLC for OPC RMR 4. To identify features for AMI that achieve the objectives above 5. To migrate from RMR to AMI and enabling the Smartgrid features Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 highlighting findings and recommendations To complete 30 December 2012 by 28 Terms of Reference Activity 5 : IT System Integration

Activities Integrating the existing system (CGIS, E-CIBS, CMC, MFFA etc) for smart grid implementation Purposes • Enable data extraction/ mining from the existing systems to be used for relaying information to various parties eg control center, repair crews, customers etc Tasks 1. To identify the features of existing system which will facilitate/compliment the implementation of smart grid 2. To evaluate readiness of existing systems to be integrated, with regard to the hardware and software and identify and propose method of system integration and associated cost estimates. 3. To implement integration of information system and assess the effectiveness. Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and recommendations To complete 31 June 2011 by

29 Terms of Reference Activity 6: Online Condition Monitoring

Activities Online condition monitoring of primary equipment for smart grid implementation Purposes • To evaluate the effectiveness of on-line condition monitoring techniques and tools in smart grid implementation Tasks 1. To identify primary equipments which need to be monitored within the boundary of the pilot site 2. To identify and implement suitable on-line condition monitoring techniques 3. To assess the effectiveness of the implemented on-line condition monitoring tools Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and recommendations To complete 30 June 2012 by

30 Prospects for smart partnerships / research opportunities (a non-exhaustive list) • Control architecture – To evaluate centralised versus de-centralised architecture considering a nation wide smart grid applications. • ICT infrastructure – To identify and evaluate options for the last mile communication and information system and recommend suitable option for smart grid applications. • “Prosumer” interface – To identify suitable information, communication and control products and services to enable consumers with greater information and control to play a part in optimising the operation of the grid system nationwide. • Active grid – To enable interactivity and coordination between the various level of grid control (National Control Centre, Distribution Control Centre, Substation Control Centre, Feeder Control and Prosumer). 31 Conclusions

• Growing demand and limited resources while maintaining to be environment friendly impose severe pressure to TNB in its planning. Smart grid is an option towards a workable solution • TNB has decided to embark on implementation of smart grid test system projects. It will be carried out in 3 phases (2010~2013) at 3 sites; Bukit Bintang in Kuala Lumpur, Bayan Lepas in Penang and Medini in Johor. • TNB desires to gain valuable experience from the smart grid test systems so as to lead to successful implementation of smart grid in other parts of TNB power grid system. • Research are required for some applications in order to ensure only the right technology is deployed for the purpose.

“Powering The Nation” 32 Thank you

33 DISCLAIMER

All information contained herein is meant strictly for the use of this presentation only and should not be used or relied on by any party for any other purpose and without the prior written approval of TNB. The information contained herein is the property of TNB and it is privileged and confidential in nature. TNB has the sole copyright to such information and you are prohibited from disseminating, distributing, copying, re- producing, using and/or disclosing this information.

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