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Faculty of Social Sciences Politics and Public Management Department MIDLANDS STATE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES POLITICS AND PUBLIC MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT Examining youth participation in the electoral process of Zimbabwe from the period 2000 - 2013: Case study of Kuwadzana BY LISBEN TAWANDA CHIGWENJERE (R125044P) A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the B.Sc. (Honors) Degree in Politics and Public Management at Midlands State University, Zvishavane. YEAR: 2016 SUPERVISED BY MR. T MUDE i | P a g e RELEASE FORM NAME OF THE AUTHOR: LISBEN TAWANDA CHIGWENJERE TITLE OF THE DISSERTATION: EXAMINING YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS OF ZIMBABWE FROM THE PERIOD 2000 - 2013: CASE STUDY OF KUWADZANA DEGREE TO WHICH DISSERTATION WAS PRESENTED: Bachelor of Science (Honors) Degree in Politics and Public Management. Approval is hereby given to the Midlands State University Library to reproduce single copies of this dissertation and to lend or to sell such copies for private scholarly or scientific research only. The writer reserves other publication rights and neither the dissertation nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. SUPERVISOR: ______________ ________________ Signed Date STUDENT: ________________ _________________ Signed Date ii | P a g e APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certifies that he has read and recommends to the Midlands State University for acceptance a dissertation entitled: Examining youth participation in the electoral process of Zimbabwe from the period 2000 - 2013: Case study of Kuwadzana Submitted by: LISBEN TAWANDA CHIGWENJERE (R125044P) in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Bachelor of Social Sciences (Honors) Degree in Politics and Public Management SUPERVISOR: Signed _________________________________ Date______________________________ CHAIRPERSON: Signed _________________________________ Date______________________________ iii | P a g e DECLARATIONS I, Lisben Tawanda Chigwenjere of registration number R125044P declare that this is my original research project and has not been presented to any university before. All sources are properly cited. It is being submitted in partial completion of the requirements for the B.Sc. Honors Degree in Politics and Public Management, in the faculty of Social Sciences at Midlands State University. Signed by ........................................................................................................... Date ……………………………………………………………………... i | P a g e ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the Lord God Almighty, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, for making this research a success. I am indebted to my immediate supervisor, Mr. Torque Mude, for the supervision, support, and guidance that he gave me from the beginning of this study up to the end. Other lecturers who have been of help to me throughout my study include Mrs. Mudzamiri, and Mr. Wenceslaus Mudyanadzo. I owe my friends for their support and motivation. These include Calvin Chakabveyo, Percy Matanhire, Liberty Mlambo, and Connie Rondinyu. College life would not have been the same without you guys. I am grateful to Ms. Lucy Mazingi, the Director of the Youth Empowerment and Transformation Trust (YETT) in Harare, for the opportunity she gave me to conduct my internship at her organization. My presence at YETT opened my eyes to the challenges that young people in Zimbabwe are facing. I do not forget my colleagues at YETT. These include Itayi Usaiwevhu, Samantha Moyo, Taziwa Machiwana, Rosewita Katsande, Kudzai Mberi, Doreen Kamwendo, Wadzanai Chipunza, Wellington Major, Lyford Masango, Alice Chihava, Lynnet Chitewere, Lynn Muwi, Tafadzwa Choga, Charles Chisale, and Mazvita Makaza. Special mention is reserved for my family for their support - my mom, my dad, my siblings, and my cousins, for their financial and moral support. I am indebted to my man of God and life coach, Reverend Chris Oyakhilome, D.Sc. D.D., for his spiritual guidance. Thank you for teaching me the eternal verities of the kingdom of God. I am also grateful to Prophet W. Magaya for edification. God bless y‘all. i | P a g e DEDICATION To every young person in Zimbabwe - I hope that one day you will become visible and active... 1 | P a g e TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 8 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY .............................................................................................................. 8 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ............................................................................................................. 9 1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................... 10 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ............................................................................................................................ 10 1.5 JUSTIFICATION ............................................................................................................................................. 10 1.6 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 11 1.7 THEORIES AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK .............................................................................. 13 1.8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 14 1.9 DATA GATHERING METHODS ............................................................................................................. 14 1.10 TARGET POPULATION ........................................................................................................................... 15 1.11 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE ........................................................................................................................ 15 1.12 QUESTIONNAIRES .................................................................................................................................... 15 1.13 INTERVIEWS ................................................................................................................................................ 16 1.14 SECONDARY DATA .................................................................................................................................. 16 1.15 INTERNET OR ONLINE RESEARCH ................................................................................................. 17 1.16 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 17 1.17 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................................................... 17 1.18 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY ........................................................................................................ 18 1.19 LIMITATIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 18 1.20 CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................................. 19 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 2 | P a g e THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN ZIMBABWE ........................................................................................... 20 2.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 20 2.1 THE ELECTORAL PROCESS .................................................................................................................... 20 2.2 ELECTORAL SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................................... 22 2.3 PLURALITY/MAJORITY SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................ 24 2.3.1 FIRST PAST THE POST (FPTP) .............................................................................................................. 25 2.3.2 THE TWO-ROUND SYSTEM (TRS) ...................................................................................................... 26 2.4 PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION SYSTEMS............................................................................. 26 2.5 LIST PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION (LIST PR) ................................................................... 27 2.6 ZIMBABWE‘S ELECTORAL PROCESS .................................................................................................. 28 2.7 THE ELECTORAL LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK IN ZIMBABWE ...........................................
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