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General Election Statistics, 1898-1992

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General Election Statistics, 1898-1992 APPENDIX General Election Statistics, 1898-1992 General Election results, particularly for the earlier part of the period, are notoriously difficult to interpret. At times - 1918 and 1931 stand out - it is almost impossible to determine exactly what party certain individuals represented - this is particularly so for the Liberals. I have not indicated the number of Liberal Unionists in the period 1895-1910 because they usually voted Conservative. Between 1950 and 1966 I have indicated in parenthesis those Liberals who were allied with the Conservatives. I have not troubled myself overmuch with the category of 'others' - those with a taste for political exotica can indulge it elsewhere. If the number of seats gained by a party are difficult to compute, then the number of votes garnered is even more fiendishly difficult to arrive at; I have done my best to reconcile the various sources, but this is not always possible. I thought it might be useful to list the Prime Ministers. The main sources used in compiling the following table are: D. and G. Butler British Political Facts 1900-1992 (1994) F. W. S. Craig British Electoral Facts 1885-1975 (1976) C. R. Dod Parliamentary Companion (1895-1992) Times Guide to the House of Commons (1885-1992) The Nuffield Election Guides were invaluable for the period after 1945. 253 tv Table A.l General Election Statistics, 1895-1992 VI .J:o. Election Conservative Cons. votes Labour Lab. votes Liberal Lib. votes Other Prime Minister 1895 411 1,894,772 0 44,325 177 1,765,266 82 (Irish Nationalists) Lord Salisbury 1900 402 1,767,444 2 63,304 184 1,568,141 82 Irish Salisbury/Balfour 1906 157 2,451,454 30 329,748 400 2,757,883 83 Irish Campbell-Bannerman/ Asquith 1910 (Jan.) 273 3,127,887 40 505,657 275 2,880,581 82 Irish Asquith 1910 (Dec.) 272 2,420,566 42 371,802 272 2,295,888 84 Irish Asquith/Lloyd George 1918 332 (Coalition) 3,472,738 4 (Coal.) 53,962 127 (Coal.) 1,396,590 9 (N. Irish/Co.) Lloyd George 50 (Ind.) 671,454 57 (Ind.) 2,245,777 36 (Ind.) 1,388,784 91 (73 Sinn Fein) 1922 345 5,502,298 142 4,237,349 64 2,668,142 14 Bonar Law/Baldwin 53 (Ll. G) 1,471,317 1923 258 5,514,541 191 4,439,780 159 4,301,481 8 Ramsay MacDonald 1924 419 7,854,523 151 5,489,087 40 2,928,737 5 Baldwin 1929 260 8,656,225 288 8,370,417 59 5,308,738 8 MacDonald 1931 473 11,905,925 13 (Nat.) 341,370 32 (Nat.) 1,372,595 5 MacDonald/Baldwin 52 6,649,630 35 (Nat. L) 809,302 1935 388 10,496,300 8 (Nat.) 339,811 33 (Nat.) 866,354 Baldwin/Chamberlain 154 8,325,491 21 1,443,093 10 Churchill (May 1940--) 1945 197 (+ 11 Lib.) 9,101,099 393 11,967,746 11 (Nat.) 737,732 2 (National) Attlee 12 2,252,430 25 1950 282 (+ 16 Lib.) 11,507,061 315 13,266,176 16 (Nat.) 985,343 Attlee 9 2,621,487 3 Table A.I (cont.) Election Conservative Cons. votes Labour Lab. votes Liberal Lib. votes Other Prime Minister 1951 302 (+ 19 Lib.) 13,717,538 295 13,948,883 19 (Nat.) 730,556 3 Churchill/Eden 6 730,546 1955 324 (+ 21 Lib.) 12,468,778 277 12,405,254 21 (Nat.) 842,113 Eden/Macmillan 6 722,402 2 1959 345 (+ 20 Lib.) 13,749,830 258 12,216,172 20 (Nat.) 765,794 1 (Ind. Cons.) Macmillan/Home 6 1,640,760 1964 298 (+ 6 Lib.) 12,001,396 317 12,205,808 6 (Nat.) 326,130 0 Harold Wilson 9 3,099,283 1966 250 (+ 3 Lib.) 11,268,676 364 13,096,629 3 (Nat.) 149,779 1 (Irish Rep.) Wilson 12 2,327,457 1970 330 13,145,123 288 12,208,758 6 2,117,035 6 (1 SNP, 2 Irish Rep., Edward Heath 2 Unionist) 1974 (Feb.) 297 11,872,180 301 11,645,616 14 6,059,519 23 (2 Welsh, 7 SNP, Wilson 1 Irish Rep., 11 Unionist) 1974 (Oct.) 277 10,462,565 319 11,457,079 13 5,346,704 26 (3 Welsh, 11 SNP, Wilson/Callaghan 2 Irish Rep., 10 Unionist) 1979 339 13,697,690 269 11,532,148 11 4,313,811 16 (2 Welsh, 2 SNP, Margaret Thatcher 11 Unionist, I Irish Rep.) 1985 397 13,012,315 209 8,456,934 17 4,210,115 21 (2 SNP, 2 Welsh Nat., Margaret Thatcher 6 (Soc. D) 3,570,834 15 Unionist, 2 Irish Rep.) 1987 376 13,736,405 229 10,029,797 22 7,341,623 23 Thatcher/Major tv Vl 1992 336 .-,_ 14,092,891 271 11,559,735 20 5,999,384 24 Major Vl Notes and References ONE THE CONSERVATIVE TRADITION 1. G. E. Buckle, The Life of Benjamin Disraeli, volume V (1920), p.194. 2. Randolph S. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill, vol. II Compa­ nion volume 1 (1969), pp. 242--4. 3. Dudley W. R. Bahlman (ed.), The Diary of Sir Edward Walter Hamilton, volume II (Oxford, 1970), p. 431. 4. E. H. H. Green, The Crisis of Conservatism 1880-1914 (1995), Chapter 3. 5. Winston S. Churchill, Great Contemporaries (1974 edn.), p.35. 6. J. A. Grenville, Lord Salisbury and Foreign Policy (London, 1964). 7. Blake and Cecil, pp. 157-8. 8. Quoted in Fforde, p. 44. 9. Ibid., p. 55. 10. Ibid., p. 70. TWO BALFOURIAN DOG DAYS 1. Lady Gwendolen Cecil, Life of Robert, Marquis of Salisbury, vol. II (London, 1921), p. 3. 2. Julian Amery, Life of Joseph Chamberlain, vol. IV (London, 1951), p. 478. 3. Amery, Chamberlain IV, p. 496. 4. Ibid., p. 464. 5. John Charmley, Lord Lloyd and the Decline of the British Empire (London, 1987), p. 10. 6. Richard A. Rempel, Unionists Divided (London, 1972), p. 9. 7. E. H. H. Green, The Crisis of Conservatism 1880-1914 (Lon­ don, 1995), p. 67. 8. Ibid., p. 3. 257 258 NOTES AND REFERENCES 9. Chamberlain IV, p. 470. 10. Harcourt-Williams, Salisbury-Balfour Correspondence, intro­ duction by Hugh Cecil, p. xv. 11. Crawford Papers, 10 April 1902, p. 66. 12. Sir C. Petrie, The Life and Letters of Sir Austen Chamberlain, vol. I (London, 1939), p. 142. 13. J. Vincent (ed.), The Crawford Papers (Manchester, 1984), 10 Feb. 1905, p. 60. 14. D. Dutton, His Majesty's Loyal Opposition (Liverpool, 1992), pp. 10--11. 15. British Library, Balfour Papers, Add. Mss. 49729, Lansdowne to Balfour, April 1905. 16. Julian Amery, Joseph Chamberlain, vol. VI (London, 1969), p.784. 17. Petrie, Chamberlain I, p. 157. 18. Green, Crisis of Conservatism, p. 137. 19. Randolph S. Churchill, Lord Derby: King of Lancashire (London, 1959) pp. 89-90. 20. Balfour Papers, 49729, Lansdowne to Balfour, 28 January 1906. 21. Crawford Papers, 5 February 1906, p. 90. 22. Crawford Papers, 5 February 1904, p. 70. 23. Julian Amery, Chamberlain vol. VI, pp. 717-18. 24. Balfour Papers, 49729, Lansdowne to Balfour, 4 February 1906. 25. Amery, Chamberlain VI, pp. 855-8. 26. Ibid., pp. 909-11. 27. John Ramsden (ed.), Real Old Tory Politics (London, 1984), p.27. 28. Amery, Chamberlain VI, p. 861. 29. British Library, Balfour MSS., 49737, letter to Balfour, 25 January 1906. 30. John Ramsden, The Age of Balfour and Baldwin 1902-1940 (London, 1979), p. 23. 31. Rempel, Unionists Divided, pp. 112-13. 32. Ramsden, p. 30. 33. Green, The Crisis of Conservatism, p. 138. 34. John Campbell, F.E. Smith (London, 1983) pp. 127-31; for Liverpool politics see P. Waller, Democracy and Sectarianism: A Political and Social History of Liverpool 1868-1939 (Liver­ pool, 1981). NOTES AND REFERENCES 259 35. Green, pp. 137-40 for an analysis. 36. For a convenient and up-to-date summary of an often con­ fusing debate see K. Laybourn, 'The Rise of Labour and the Decline of Liberalism: The state of the debate' in History, June 1995, pp. 207-26. See also G. R. Searle, The Liberal Party - Triumph and Disintegration, 1886-1929 (London, 1992), pp. 107-20. 37. Balfour MSS., 49736, Chamberlain to Balfour, 24 October 1907. 38. See G. Phillips, The Diehards (princeton, 1979), especially Chapter 1. 39. Churchill, Derby, p. 125. 40. Amery, Chamberlain VI, p. 795. 41. Amery, Chamberlain VI, p. 937. 42. Sir Austen Chamberlain, Politics from Inside (London, 1936), pp. 298-311. 43. Petrie, Chamberlain I, p. 269. 44. Ramsden, pp. 38-41; Dutton, His Majesty's Loyal Opposition, pp. 99-103. THREE OVER THE Top WITH BONAR LAW 1. Robert Blake, The Unkown Prime Minister (1956), p. 31. 2. Alan Clark (ed.), A Good Innings (1974), p. 118. 3. D. Dutton, His Majety's Loyal Opposition, p. 170. 4. Blake, p. 130. 5. Crawford Papers, p. 298. 6. Blake, pp. 115-16. 7. Ramsden, p. 69. 8. Blake, Unknown Prime Minister, p. 227. 9. D. Gilmour, Curzon (1994), p. 436. 10. Petrie, Chamberlain, vol. II, p. 23. 11. G. D. Boyce (ed.), The Crisis of British Unionism . .. 1885- 1922 (1987), p. 128. 12. For this see G. R. Searle, Corruption in British Politics (1987). 13. R. Self (ed.), The Austen Chamberlain Diary Letters (1995), 147. 14. M. Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill IV. Companion vol. 3 (1977), letter to Churchill, 8 April 1921, 1434. 15. Self, letter, 24 September 1922, 197. 260 NOTES AND REFERENCES 16. There are good accounts in the following: K. O.
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