FAMILY Lestidiidae Harry, 1953

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

FAMILY Lestidiidae Harry, 1953 FAMILY Lestidiidae Harry, 1953 - naked barracudinas [=Lestidiini] GENUS Lestidiops Hubbs, 1916 - barracudinas Species Lestidiops affinis (Ege, 1930) - barracudina Species Lestidiops bathyopteryx (Fowler, 1944) - Fowler's Eastern Pacific barracudina Species Lestidiops cadenati (Maul, 1962) - Goree barracudina Species Lestidiops distans (Ege, 1953) - distans barracudina Species Lestidiops extrema (Ege, 1953) - extrema barracudina Species Lestidiops gracilis (Ege, 1953) - gracile barracudina Species Lestidiops indopacifica (Ege, 1953) - Indo-Pacific barracudina Species Lestidiops jayakari (Boulenger, 1889) - Jayakar's barracudina [=danae, egei, proximus, thori] Species Lestidiops mirabilis (Ege, 1933) - strange pike smelt Species Lestidiops neles (Harry, 1953) - neles barracudina Species Lestidiops pacificus (Parr, 1931) - Parr's barracudina Species Lestidiops pseudosphyraenoides (Ege, 1918) - pseudosphyraenoides barracudina Species Lestidiops ringens (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880) - slender barracudina [=elongatum] Species Lestidiops similis (Ege, 1933) - similis barracudina Species Lestidiops sphyraenopsis Hubbs, 1916 - sphyraenopsis barracudina Species Lestidiops sphyrenoides (Risso, 1820) - sphyrenoides barracudina GENUS Lestidium Gilbert, 1905 - barracudinas Species Lestidium atlanticum Borodin, 1928 - Atlantic barracudina [=elegans, thermophilus] Species Lestidium bigelowi Graae, 1967 - Bigelow's barracudina Species Lestidium nudum Gilbert, 1905 - deep water pike smelt Species Lestidium prolixum Harry, 1953 - prolixum barracudina GENUS Lestrolepis Harry, 1953 - barracudinas Species Lestrolepis intermedia (Poey, 1868) - intermediate barracudina [=vanderbilti] Species Lestrolepis japonica (Tanaka, 1908) - Japanese barracudina [=philippinus] Species Lestrolepis luetkeni (Ege, 1933) - naked barracudina, Christmas Island pike smelt [=pofi] GENUS Macroparalepis Burton, 1934 - barracudinas [=Macroparalepis E, Longisudis] Species Macroparalepis affinis Ege, 1933 - Canary barracudina [=americana] Species Macroparalepis brevis Ege, 1933 - Ege's Atlantic barracudina Species Macroparalepis danae Ege, 1933 - Dana barracudina Species Macroparalepis johnfitchi (Rofen, 1960) - John Fitch's barracudina Species Macroparalepis longilateralis Post, 1973 - South Atlantic barracudina Species Macroparalepis macrogeneion Post, 1973 - longfin barracudina Species Macroparalepis nigra (Maul, 1965) - Maul's Atlantic barracudina .
Recommended publications
  • The Barracudina Genera Lestidium and Lestrolepis of Taiwan, with Descriptions of Two New Species (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae)
    Zootaxa 4702 (1): 114–139 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4702.1.16 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DC33157E-E5E9-4CE2-AB3F-27E22F21A954 The barracudina genera Lestidium and Lestrolepis of Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae) HSUAN-CHING HO1,2*, SONG-YU TSAI3 & HSING-HUI LI1,2 1National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung, Taiwan 2Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan 3Institute of Marine Biology, National Sun-Yet-Son University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan *Corresponding author. E-mail:[email protected] Abstract Two genera of barracudinas with luminescent duct in abdominal cavity, Lestrolepis and Lestidium, collected from around Taiwan are studied. Two species in each genus are recognized in Taiwan, including one new species in each genus. New diagnostic characters are used to distinguish these species. Lestrolepis nigroventralis sp. nov. is similar to Lestrolepis intermedia and can be distinguished by having 32–35 prehaemal vertebrae; dorsal-fin origin slightly in front of midline of distance between origins of pelvic and anal fins, distance between origins of dorsal and pelvic fin 9.8–11.7% SL; and pelvic-fin origin at or slightly behind midline of body, prepelvic length 50.6–52.6% SL. Lestidium orientale sp. nov. is similar to Lestidium atlanticum and can be distinguished by having prehaemal vertebrae 37–40; caudal vertebrae 41–44; a relatively short and deep head, reflected by a shorter snout (9.7–10.4% SL), shorter upper jaw (8.6–10.1% SL), shorter lower jaw (11.9–13.7% SL) and a deeper head (31.2–33.9% HL).
    [Show full text]
  • FAMILY Lestidiidae Harry, 1953 - Naked Barracudinas [=Lestidiini] Notes: Lestidiini Harry, 1953:229 [Ref
    FAMILY Lestidiidae Harry, 1953 - naked barracudinas [=Lestidiini] Notes: Lestidiini Harry, 1953:229 [ref. 2045] (tribe) Lestidium GENUS Lestidiops Hubbs, 1916 - barracudinas [=Lestidiops Hubbs [C. L.], 1916:154] Notes: [ref. 2225]. Masc. Lestidiops sphyraenopsis Hubbs, 1916. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Lestidiops Hubbs, 1916 – (Post 1973:205 [ref. 7182], Post in Whitehead et al. 1984:499 [ref. 13675], Okiyama 1984:207 [ref. 13644], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:76 [ref. 6441], Post 1986:275 [ref. 5705], Paxton et al. 1989:246 [ref. 12442], Gomon et al. 1994:271 [ref. 22532], Paxton & Niem 1999:1949 [ref. 24746], Sato & Nakabo 2002:44 [ref. 25953], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:236 [ref. 25968], Thompson 2003:934 [ref. 27003], Paxton et al. 2006:492 [ref. 28995], Gomon 2008:267 [ref. 30616]). Current status: Valid as Lestidiops Hubbs, 1916. Paralepididae. Species Lestidiops affinis (Ege, 1930) - barracudina [=Paralepis affinis Ege [V.], 1930:81, Fig. 21] Notes: [Report on the Danish Oceanographic Expedition 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas.. v. 2 A (no. 13); ref. 16270] Central Atlantic, 12°11'N, 35°49'W, depth about 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Lestidiops affinis (Ege, 1930). Paralepididae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine. Species Lestidiops bathyopteryx (Fowler, 1944) - Fowler's Eastern Pacific barracudina (author) [=Sudis bathyopteryx Fowler [H. W.], 1944:353, Figs. 92-93] Notes: [Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia No. 6; ref. 1448] 300 miles off Acapulco, Mexico (stomach content). Current status: Valid as Lestidiops bathyopteryx (Fowler, 1944). Paralepididae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. Species Lestidiops cadenati Maul, 1962 - Goree barracudina [=Lestidium cadenati Maul [G.
    [Show full text]
  • Hermaphroditism in Fish
    Tesis doctoral Evolutionary transitions, environmental correlates and life-history traits associated with the distribution of the different forms of hermaphroditism in fish Susanna Pla Quirante Tesi presentada per a optar al títol de Doctor per la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, programa de doctorat en Aqüicultura, del Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia. Director: Tutor: Dr. Francesc Piferrer Circuns Dr. Lluís Tort Bardolet Departament de Recursos Marins Renovables Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Institut de Ciències del Mar Fisiologia i Immunologia Consell Superior d’Investigacions Científiques Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona La doctoranda: Susanna Pla Quirante Barcelona, Setembre de 2019 To my mother Agraïments / Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos Vull agrair a totes aquelles persones que han aportat els seus coneixements i dedicació a fer possible aquesta tesi, tant a nivell professional com personal. Per començar, vull agrair al meu director de tesi, el Dr. Francesc Piferrer, per haver-me donat aquesta oportunitat i per haver confiat en mi des del principi. Sempre admiraré i recordaré el teu entusiasme en la ciència i de la contínua formació rebuda, tant a nivell científic com personal. Des del primer dia, a través dels teus consells i coneixements, he experimentat un continu aprenentatge que sens dubte ha derivat a una gran evolució personal. Principalment he après a identificar les meves capacitats i les meves limitacions, i a ser resolutiva davant de qualsevol adversitat. Per tant, el meu més sincer agraïment, que mai oblidaré. During the thesis, I was able to meet incredible people from the scientific world. During my stay at the University of Manchester, where I learned the techniques of phylogenetic analysis, I had one of the best professional experiences with Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of the World
    Fishes of the World Fishes of the World Fifth Edition Joseph S. Nelson Terry C. Grande Mark V. H. Wilson Cover image: Mark V. H. Wilson Cover design: Wiley This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with the respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be createdor extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation.
    [Show full text]
  • Bioluminescent Fish, Bacteria, and Experiential Learning
    Regis University ePublications at Regis University All Regis University Theses Spring 2016 Bioluminescent Fish, Bacteria, and Experiential Learning Ryan Barton Regis University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.regis.edu/theses Recommended Citation Barton, Ryan, "Bioluminescent Fish, Bacteria, and Experiential Learning" (2016). All Regis University Theses. 700. https://epublications.regis.edu/theses/700 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by ePublications at Regis University. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Regis University Theses by an authorized administrator of ePublications at Regis University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Regis University Regis College Honors Theses Disclaimer Use of the materials available in the Regis University Thesis Collection (“Collection”) is limited and restricted to those users who agree to comply with the following terms of use. Regis University reserves the right to deny access to the Collection to any person who violates these terms of use or who seeks to or does alter, avoid or supersede the functional conditions, restrictions and limitations of the Collection. The site may be used only for lawful purposes. The user is solely responsible for knowing and adhering to any and all applicable laws, rules, and regulations relating or pertaining to use of the Collection. All content in this Collection is owned by and subject to the exclusive control of Regis University and the authors of the materials. It is available only for research purposes and may not be used in violation of copyright laws or for unlawful purposes. The materials may not be downloaded in whole or in part without permission of the copyright holder or as otherwise authorized in the “fair use” standards of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Etyfish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J
    AULOPIFORMES · 1 The ETYFish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara COMMENTS: v. 18.0 - 24 Aug. 2020 Infracohort EURYPTERYGIA eurys, wide; pteron, fin or wing; proposed by Rosen (1973) but allusion not explained, possibly referring to better-developed fins (with spiny rays) compared to soft-rayed fins of Stomiiformes, which he placed in Stenopterygia (stenos, narrow), then presumed to be the more primitive sister group of neoteleosteans Section CYCLOSQUAMATA cyclo-, cycloid; squamata, scaled, referring to predominance of cycloid scales among its taxa, compared to the Ctenosquamata, in which ctenoid scales predominate Order AULOPIFORMES 16 families · 50 genera/subgenera · 296 species/subspecies Suborder AULOPOIDEI Family SYNODONTIDAE Lizardfishes 4 genera · 83 species Subfamily Synodontinae Lizardfishes Synodus Scopoli 1777 tautonymous with Esox synodus (see S. synodus for an explanation of this ancient and enigmatic name) Synodus binotatus Schultz 1953 bi-, two; notatus, marked, referring to two black spots at tip of snout Synodus bondi Fowler 1939 in honor of ornithologist James Bond (1900-1989), Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, who collected type (historical footnote: Bond’s name was appropriated by writer Ian Fleming for his fictional spy, 007 James Bond) Synodus capricornis Cressey & Randall 1978 -is, genitive singular of: Capricorn, referring to type locality near the Tropic of Capricorn Synodus dermatogenys Fowler 1912 dermatos, skin; genys, cheek, referring to scaleless lower cheek Synodus doaki Russell
    [Show full text]
  • Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts Honoring Gloria Arratia
    Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts Honoring Gloria Arratia Joseph S. Nelson, Hans-Peter Schultze & Mark V. H. Wilson (editors) TELEOSTEOMORPHA TELEOSTEI TELEOCEPHALA s. str. Leptolepis Pholidophorus † Lepisosteus Amia †? †? † †Varasichthyidae †Ichthyodectiformes Elopidae More advanced teleosts crown- group apomorphy-based group stem-based group Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil • München Contents Preface ................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Gloria Arratia’s contribution to our understanding of lower teleostean phylogeny and classifi cation – Joseph S. Nelson ....................................................................................... 11 The case for pycnodont fi shes as the fossil sister-group of teleosts – J. Ralph Nursall ...................... 37 Phylogeny of teleosts based on mitochondrial genome sequences – Richard E. Broughton ............. 61 Occipito-vertebral fusion in actinopterygians: conjecture, myth and reality. Part 1: Non-teleosts – Ralf Britz and G. David Johnson ................................................................................................................... 77 Occipito-vertebral fusion in actinopterygians: conjecture, myth and reality. Part 2: Teleosts – G. David Johnson and Ralf Britz ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Fangs Across Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii)
    St. Cloud State University theRepository at St. Cloud State Culminating Projects in Biology Department of Biology 5-2017 The volutE ion of Fangs Across Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii) Emily Olson St. Cloud State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/biol_etds Recommended Citation Olson, Emily, "The vE olution of Fangs Across Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii)" (2017). Culminating Projects in Biology. 22. https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/biol_etds/22 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at theRepository at St. Cloud State. It has been accepted for inclusion in Culminating Projects in Biology by an authorized administrator of theRepository at St. Cloud State. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Evolution of Fangs Across Ray-Finned Fishes (Actinopterygii) by Emily E. Olson A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of St. Cloud State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Ecology and Natural Resources April, 2017 Thesis Committee: Matthew Davis, Chairperson Heiko Schoenfuss Matthew Tornow 2 Abstract To date, no study has investigated how many independent evolutions of fangs have occurred across ray-finned fishes. This research addresses this question by focusing on the evolution of fangs across a diversity of marine habitats in the Lizardfishes (Aulopiformes), and then investigating the evolution of fangs across ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii). Lizardfishes are a diverse order of fishes (~236 species) that are observed to have fang-like teeth and occupy a variety of marine habitats. A taxonomic review of lizardfish specimens representing 35 of 44 genera were examined for the presence of fangs.
    [Show full text]
  • The Barracudina Genera Lestidium and Lestrolepis of Taiwan, with Descriptions of Two New Species (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae)
    Zootaxa 4702 (1): 114–139 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4702.1.16 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DC33157E-E5E9-4CE2-AB3F-27E22F21A954 The barracudina genera Lestidium and Lestrolepis of Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae) HSUAN-CHING HO1,2*, SONG-YU TSAI3 & HSING-HUI LI1,2 1National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung, Taiwan 2Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan 3Institute of Marine Biology, National Sun-Yet-Son University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan *Corresponding author. E-mail:[email protected] Abstract Two genera of barracudinas with luminescent duct in abdominal cavity, Lestrolepis and Lestidium, collected from around Taiwan are studied. Two species in each genus are recognized in Taiwan, including one new species in each genus. New diagnostic characters are used to distinguish these species. Lestrolepis nigroventralis sp. nov. is similar to Lestrolepis intermedia and can be distinguished by having 32–35 prehaemal vertebrae; dorsal-fin origin slightly in front of midline of distance between origins of pelvic and anal fins, distance between origins of dorsal and pelvic fin 9.8–11.7% SL; and pelvic-fin origin at or slightly behind midline of body, prepelvic length 50.6–52.6% SL. Lestidium orientale sp. nov. is similar to Lestidium atlanticum and can be distinguished by having prehaemal vertebrae 37–40; caudal vertebrae 41–44; a relatively short and deep head, reflected by a shorter snout (9.7–10.4% SL), shorter upper jaw (8.6–10.1% SL), shorter lower jaw (11.9–13.7% SL) and a deeper head (31.2–33.9% HL).
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology of the Barracudinas (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae), a Ubiquitous But
    Ecology of the barracudinas (Aulopiformes: Paralepididae), a ubiquitous but understudied mesopelagic predatory fish family, in the Gulf of Mexico by Richard Jones A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Charles E. Schmidt College of Science In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, FL August 2018 Copyright 2018 by Richard Jones ii Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge everyone who worked with the DEEPEND research consortium to collect these data and their funding body, the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative, for making that work possible. I would like to give special acknowledgment to Dr. Ray Simpson for the excellent, hand drawn illustrations of each species seen in this work. I’d like to thank Drs. Tracey Sutton, Michael Vecchione, and Tamara Frank for assistance in the identification of gut contents. Thanks to my thesis committee members, Drs. Erik Noonburg and John Baldwin, for their patience and continued support. Special thanks to my adviser, Dr. Jon Moore, for bringing me to this project in every conceivable way and supporting me throughout with quiet patience and understanding. Special thanks to April Cook and Dr. Rosanna Boyle for support with data management and statistical analyses. Notable appreciation to my lab partners, Sebastian Velez, Amanda Hipps, and Carolyn Hanish, for their academic friendship, support, and networking. Thanks to my parents, Johanna and Mike, whose strategic support early on in my graduate education made this work possible. Thanks to my loyal dog, Banjo, for his concern regarding my health during long hours reading and writing at my desk.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Lestrolepis from the Red Sea, with Redescription of Lestrolepis Pofi (Harry, 1953) (Aulopiformes: Parelepididae)
    Zootaxa 4619 (3): 571–579 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4619.3.10 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6A12C76E-793A-46D1-BC09-564DB3CDA8FB A new species of Lestrolepis from the Red Sea, with redescription of Lestrolepis pofi (Harry, 1953) (Aulopiformes: Parelepididae) HSUAN-CHING HO1,2,3,5 & DANIEL GOLANI4 1National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan 2Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan 3Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France 4National Natural History Collections and Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 5Corresponding author. E-mail. [email protected] Abstract A new species of the genus Lestrolepis is described based on 6 specimens collected from the Red Sea. The species differs from the congeners in having 31‒34 anal-fin rays, 63‒65 total lateral-line scales, 28‒30 prehaemal vertebrae and 79‒81 total vertebrae. Lestidium pofi Harry, previously recognized as a junior synonym of “Lestrolepis” luetkeni (Ege), is recognized as a valid species of Lestrolepis. A redescription of pofi is provided, based on specimens collected from off Hawaii, Japan, Madagascar and Australia. Key words: Pisces, taxonomy, new species, Paralepididae, Red Sea Introduction While working on the collection of MNHN, Paris, the first author identified two different forms recognized as “Les- trolepis luetkeni (Ege, 1933)” (type locality: Mozambique Channel), one from off Madagascar and one from the Red Sea. Although both possessed a light organ at the front margin of orbit and fewer than 35 anal-fin rays, meristics and other morphometric characters separated them.
    [Show full text]
  • Bathysauridae BATHYSAURIDAE Deepsea Lizardfishes by B.C
    click for previous page 1946 Bony Fishes Aulopiformes: Bathysauridae BATHYSAURIDAE Deepsea lizardfishes by B.C. Russell iagnostic characters: Head very depressed. Eyes small, set well back from snout. Mouth very large, Dupper jaw extending well beyond rear end of eye. Teeth present on vomer. Gill rakers reduced to patches of spines on the arches. Branchiostegal rays 8 to 13. Dorsal fin about equal to head length, inserted shortly behind pelvic-fin insertion,with15to18rays.Analfinposterior,with11to14rays. Pectoral fins with 15 to 17 rays, central ray or rays of pectoral fins usually prolonged. Pelvic fins with 8 rays, inner rays slightly shorter than outer rays. Dorsal adipose fin present or absent. Procurrent and principle rays of caudal fin with a row of scales. Habitat, biology, and fisheries: Bottom-dwelling deep-sea fishes of slope and abyss at depths below 1 000 m. Predominantly piscivorous, feeding on demersal and bathypelagic fishes, and occasional large benthic or nektonic crustacea. Synchronous hermaphrodites; post-larvae are pelagic. Typical deep-sea fishes of no commercial importance. Remarks: A single genus with 2 species, circumglobal in tropical and temperate latitudes (65° N to 40° S). Sulak et al. (1985) provided a key to the genera and entry to the literature. Similar families occurring in the area Aulopidae: mouth moderate, upper jaw mostly not reaching rear end of eye; dorsal adipose fin present; pectoral fins with 11 to 14 rays, uppermost rays usually longest; pelvic fins with 9 rays; procurrent and principle rays of caudal fin without scales; branchiostegal rays about 16; gill rakers normal, lath-like shape; well-developed bony fulcral scale in front of caudal fin.
    [Show full text]