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PROMOTING POSITIVE ADOLESCENT HEALTH BEHAVIORS and OUTCOMES Thriving in the 21St Century

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PROMOTING POSITIVE ADOLESCENT HEALTH BEHAVIORS and OUTCOMES Thriving in the 21St Century PROMOTING POSITIVE ADOLESCENT HEALTH BEHAVIORS AND OUTCOMES Thriving in the 21st Century Committee on Applying Lessons of Optimal Adolescent Health to Improve Behavioral Outcomes for Youth Robert Graham and Nicole F. Kahn, Editors Board on Children, Youth, and Families Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education Health and Medicine Division A Consensus Study Report of THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This activity was supported by a contract between the National Academy of Sciences and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (#10004318). Support for the work of the Board on Children, Youth and Families is provided primarily by grants from the Heising-Simons Foundation (award number is 2016-210), Jacobs Foundation (award number 2015-1168), and the Marguerite Casey Foundation (award number 2018-245). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-49677-3 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-49677-2 Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25552 Library of Congress Control Number: 2020932720 Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2020 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2020). Promoting Positive Adolescent Health Behaviors and Outcomes: Thriving in the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi. org/10.17226/25552. The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the char- ter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medi- cine at www.nationalacademies.org. Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typi- cally include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task. Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opin- ions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo. COMMITTEE ON APPLYING LESSONS OF OPTIMAL ADOLESCENT HEALTH TO IMPROVE BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES FOR YOUTH ROBERT GRAHAM (Chair), Kansas City, MO ANGELA BRYAN, University of Colorado Boulder TAMMY CHANG, University of Michigan Medical School ROSALIE CORONA, Virginia Commonwealth University TAMERA COYNE-BEASLEY, University of Alabama at Birmingham BONNIE HALPERN-FELSHER, Stanford University JEFFREY W. HUTCHINSON, The Wade Alliance, LLC VELMA MCBRIDE MURRY, Vanderbilt University SANDRA JO WILSON, Abt Associates NICOLE F. KAHN, Study Director RICHARD ADRIEN, Associate Program Officer (through August 2019) REBEKAH HUTTON, Program Officer (beginning August 2019) PAMELLA ATAYI, Program Coordinator v BOARD ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES ANGELA DIAZ (Cochair), Department of Pediatrics and Deparment of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai DAVID V. B. BRITT (Cochair), Sesame Workshop (retired CEO) HAROLYN BELCHER, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine RICHARD F. CATALANO, School of Social Work, University of Washington DIMITRI CHRISTAKIS, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington JEFFREY W. HUTCHINSON, The Wade Alliance, LLC STEPHANIE J. MONROE, The Wrenwood Group, LLC JAMES M. PERRIN, Harvard Medical School and MassGeneral Hospital for Children NISHA SACHDEV, Bainum Family Foundation DONALD F. SCHWARZ, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation MARTÍN J. SEPÚLVEDA, IBM Corporation (retired) MARTIN H. TEICHER, Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program at McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School JONATHAN TODRES, Georgia State University College of Law NATACHA BLAIN, Director vi Acknowledgments We are grateful to many people for their support and contributions to this report. First and foremost, we would like to thank the study sponsor, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH) of the U.S. Depart­ ment of Health and Human Services. We would also like to thank the members of the study committee, who dedicated their time, energy, and expertise to the report. The com­ mittee also received significant contributions from several outside experts. Thank you to Robert Mahaffey (Rural School and Community Trust), Wesley Thomas (District of Columbia Public Schools), Sandra Shephard (Prince George’s County Board of Education), Lisa Rue (cliexa), Ty Ridenour (RTI International), Elizabeth D’Amico (RAND Corporation), Aaron Hogue (Center on Addiction), Heather Hensman Kettrey (Clemson University), Kim Robinson (Forum for Youth Investment), Randall Juras (Abt Associates), Irene Ericksen (Institute for Research and Evaluation), and Jennifer Manlove (Child Trends) for sharing their work and expertise during our public information-gathering session. We also would like to thank the authors of our five commissioned papers: Cady Berkel (Arizona State University) for “The Role of Sexual Agency and Consent in Healthy Adolescent Development,” Bethany Everett (University of Utah) for “Optimal Adolescent Health to Improve Behavioral Outcomes for LGBTQ Youth,” Willi Horner-Johnson and Lindsay Sauvé (Oregon Health & Science University) for “Applying Lessons of Optimal Adolescent Health to Improve Behavioral Outcomes for Youth with Disabilities,” Megan Moreno (University of Wisconsin–Madison) for “Adolescent Health and Media,” and the University of Michigan MyVoice team for “Youth Perspectives vii viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS on Being Healthy and Thriving.” We are grateful as well to the following Teen Pregnancy Prevention (TPP) program Tier 1B grantees, who shared successes and challenges of program implementation in memorandums to the committee: the Baltimore City Health Department, the Mary Black Foundation, Methodist Le Bonheur Community Outreach, Morehouse School of Medicine, San Diego Youth Services, and the Center for Black Women’s Wellness, Inc. In addition, we would like to sincerely thank the youth who provided valuable input for this report. Thank you to Richard Nukpeta (Mentor Foundation USA), Shayna Shor (University of Maryland Health Center Peer Educator Program), and Natnael Abate (Promising Futures DC) for taking a healthy risk and sharing their experiences at our public information- gathering session. We also thank the MyVoice project participants, whose responses to our text message poll added important depth to this report. This Consensus Study Report was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published report as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manu­ script remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We thank the following individuals for their review of this report: Suzanne R. Bakken, School of Nursing, Columbia University;
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