DOCSLIB.ORG

WNCXI~Ioej Date Copyright 2009

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
WNCXI~Ioej Date Copyright 2009 Excavating the Past for the Future: A Synthesis ofMarin County Prehistoric Archaeology by Eileen Barrow A thesis submitted to Sonoma State University in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS In Cultural Resources Management Thomas M. Origer, M.A. Ni~k L. Tipon;~ WNCXI~ioeJ Date Copyright 2009 by Eileen Barrow II AUTHORIZATION FOR REPRODUCTION OF MASTER'S THESIS/PROJECT I grant permission for the reproduction ofthis thesis in its entirety, without further authorization from me, on the condition the person or agency requesting reproduction absorb the cost and provide proper acknowledgement of authorship. Date: Signature iii Excavating the Past for the Future: A Synthesis of Marin County Prehistoric Archaeology Thesis by Eileen Barrow ABSTRACT Purpose of Study: The goal of this thesis is to lay a strong foundation on which future research can build. To accomplish this goal I will create a synthesis of the Marin County archaeological data (excluding Point Reyes National Seashore), primarily using information generated by cultural resources management excavation reports. Specifically, I will examine data pertaining to prehistoric research themes such as cultural chronology, settlement and subsistence patterns, technology, and economic and social organization. Most of the data needed to conduct this work are managed and stored by the California Historical Resources Information System; however, this synthesis would be incomplete if it did not include data generated through other means such as thesis and dissertation work. These data will be used to build a framework that 1) reflects the current state of research in prehistoric archaeology in Marin County, 2) identifies research 'dead zones', and 3) identifies research areas that would benefit from further study. It is my goal that this thesis will help enhance the work cultural resource managers do by using their data to create a synthesis of Marin County prehistoric archaeology. Procedure: All cultural resources management (CRM) excavation reports, theses, and dissertations on sites within Marin County (excluding sites within Point Reyes National Seashore) were examined for this study. Data contributing to the archaeological research themes of settlement patterns, site structure, cultural chronology, subsistence, social organization, technological changes, and contact period were extracted from these reports. Findings: Ofthe 54 site investigations, only 23 reports provided sufficient archaeological data to contribute to this study. The archaeological information gathered from the 23 excavation reports was synthesized. However, deficiencies were found in several reports. IV Conclusions: Analysis of the reported data show research areas that need further work. Recommendations for filling these 'gaps' were made along with recommendations for improving archaeological analysis and CRM report writing. By highlighting these deficiencies I hope to help improve the field of CRM . Chair:. Signature MA Program: Cultural Resources Management Date: Sonoma State University ~D ~2erfJ v Acknowledgements Finishing this work is a major achievement for me. Although I have worked very hard on it there are several people who helped me accomplish this study. To all ofyou, thank you very much. I would like to specially thank Nick Tipon and all the members of the Sacred Sites Committee, Federated Indians ofGraton Rancheria. They have been very encouraging of my work, which I feel is very important. I would also like to thank Tom Origer, Janine Loyd, and Vicki Beard. They have started me on my professional career and have been very patient and informative; especially Tom who has always encouraged me and lent a great amount of guidance and support. Thank you very much Adrian Praetzellis, Margaret Purser, John Wingard, and my cohort for making my graduate career a great learning experience. Finally, I would like to thank my family for always being there for me; especially my husband whose sacrifice and support made this possible. VI Table of Contents Chapter I. Introduction ....................................................................................................... I PURPOSE OF STUDy.................................................................................................... I AN IMPORTANT EXCLUSION .................................................................................... 2 THESIS ORGANIZATION ............................................................................................. 2 Chapter 2. Environmental Setting ....................................................................................... 5 PALEO-ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................. 5 Climate ......................................................................................................................... 5 Geology ........................................................................................................................ 7 CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS .......................................................... 8 Climate ......................................................................................................................... 8 Geology ........................................................................................................................ 8 Physiography .............................................................................................................. 10 Soils ............................................................................................................................ II Hydrology................................................................................................................... 12 Plants .......................................................................................................................... 12 Animals....................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 3. Cultural Setting ................................................................................................ 15 TERRITORY ................................................................................................................. 16 LANGUAGE ................................................................................................................. 16 SOCIO-POLITICAL ORGANIZATION ...................................................................... 16 SUBSISTENCE ............................................................................................................. 17 EUROPEAN CONTACT 1579 ..................................................................................... 17 Chapter 4. Summary of Early Prehistoric Archaeological ................................................ 19 Research in Marin County ................................................................................................. 19 EARLY RESEARCH .................................................................................................... 20 Surveys ....................................................................................................................... 20 THE 1960S AND EARLY 1970S ................................................................................. 23 Chapter 5. Recent Archaeology in Marin County ............................................................. 26 SURVEY INFORMATION ........................................................................................... 26 EXCAVATIONS ........................................................................................................... 26 THESIS RESEARCH .................................................................................................... 27 SITE DESTRUCTION .................................................................................................. 32 Chapter 6. Chronology and Cultural History .................................................................... 34 PALEO INDIAN PERIOD (9,500-6,000 BC) ................................................................ 35 LOWER ARCHAIC PERIOD (6,000-3,500 BC) .......................................................... 36 MIDDLE ARCHAIC PERIOD (3,500-500 BC) ........................................................... 37 UPPER ARCHAIC PERIOD (500 BC- AD 1,000)....................................................... 37 LOWER EMERGENT PERIOD (AD 1,000-1500) ....................................................... 37 UPPER EMERGENT PERIOD (AD 1500-1850) ......................................................... 38 Chapter 7. Description of Sites Examined in this Study ................................................... 39 CA-MRN-5 .................................................................................................................... 39 CA-MRN-14 .................................................................................................................. 46 vii CA-MRN-17 .................................................................................................................. 52 CA-MRN-20 .................................................................................................................. 55 CA-MRN-27 .................................................................................................................. 58 CA-MRN-44 .................................................................................................................. 61 CA-MRN-127 ...............................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Appendix H Cultural Resources
    GNOSS FIELD AIRPORT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FINAL APPENDIX H CULTURAL RESOURCES This appendix contains the following items: The Cultural Resources Existing Conditions and Survey Methodology Report and Archaeological Survey to support the assessment of the effects of the proposed project on historic properties. Documentation of coordination with tribal governments including the FAA’s government-to-government consultations with tribes in accordance with Executive Order 13175 Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments and FAA Order 1210.20 American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Consultation Policy and Procedures. Documentation of the FAA’s consultation with the California State Historic Preservation Office in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act that resulted in the FAA’s determination that the Gnoss Field Airport Runway Extension Project would have no effect on historic properties. Landrum & Brown Appendix H - Cultural Resources June 2014 Page H-1 GNOSS FIELD AIRPORT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FINAL THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Landrum & Brown Appendix H - Cultural Resources June 2014 Page H-2 CULTURAL RESOURCES EXISTING CONDITIONS AND SURVEY METHODOLOGY REPORT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT For the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and Environmental Impact Report (EIR) to Evaluate the Proposed Extension of Runway 13/31 at Gnoss Field Airport Marin County, Novato, California Dwight D. Simons, Ph.C and Kim J. Tremaine, Ph.C., RPA TREMAINE & ASSOCIATES, INC. 859 Stillwater Road, Suite 1 West Sacramento, CA 95605 November 6, 2009 Revised July 18, 2011 Submitted To Landrum and Brown, Inc. 11279 Cornell Park Drive Cincinnati, OH 45242 Page H-3 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Shell Mounds and the Archaeology of Colonial Encounters in the San Francisco Bay Area, California
    Placing Refuge: Shell Mounds and the Archaeology of Colonial Encounters in the San Francisco Bay Area, California By Tsim Duncan Schneider A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Kent G. Lightfoot, Chair Associate Professor Junko Habu Professor Margaret W. Conkey Professor Kerwin Klein Spring 2010 Placing Refuge: Shell Mounds and the Archaeology of Colonial Encounters in the San Francisco Bay Area, California © 2010 by Tsim Duncan Schneider Abstract Placing Refuge: Shell Mounds and the Archaeology of Colonial Encounters in the San Francisco Bay Area, California by Tsim Duncan Schneider Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology University of California, Berkeley Professor Kent G. Lightfoot, Chair Spanish missions were established in the San Francisco Bay Area beginning in A.D. 1776 with the founding of Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores). Native American accommodation and resistance to colonial settlements has been studied in a variety of contexts in California, including mission sites, but only recently have scholars challenged preconceptions of culture change to examine the range of sociocultural consequences that resulted from colonial encounters. With the present research I seek to identify the places beyond the mission quadrangles where hunter-gatherers both maintained cultural practices and negotiated the adoption of new ones, as well as the processes of cultural change and persistence. I examine a cluster of three shell mounds—CA-MRN-114, CA-MRN-115, and CA- MRN-328—located on the Marin Peninsula in the hinterland of Mission Dolores for evidence of long-term patterns of hunter-gatherer residence before, during, and after Spanish settlement (1776 -1830s).
    [Show full text]
  • 5 T1l~1Ol1c Date Copyright 2012
    The Rediscovery of Mission San Rafael Arcangel: An Archaeological Snapshot of the 20th California Mission by Cassidy R. DeBaker A thesis submitted to Sonoma State University Rohnert Park, California in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER'S OF ARTS in Cultural Resources Management Adrian Praetzellis, Ph.D. laura Watt, Ph.D. Nick Tipon, B.A. 5 t1l~1ol1c Date Copyright 2012 Cassidy R. DeBaker ii AUTHORIZATION FOR REPORDUCTION OF MASTER'S THESIS I grant permission for the reproduction of this thesis in its entirety, without further authorization from me, on the condition that the person or agency requesting reproduction absorbs the cost and provides full and proper acknowledgement of authorship. Date: ~ Pt· ll, ?.o 1'2.- Ill The Rediscovery of Mission San Rafael Arcangel: An Archaeological Snapshot of the 20th California Mission Thesis by Cassidy R. DeBaker ABSTRACT Purpose: There has been very little written about Mission San Rafael Arcangel, especially in comparison to the other 20 California missions. Its documentary record is clouded with inconsistencies, omissions, and miscalculations, often raising more questions than answers. A very small body of primary documentation exits that describes the layout of the mission buildings, structures, and surrounding landscape during the Mission Period (1769-1834). A handful of artifacts have been recovered from within and in close proximity to the study area that can be loosely associated with the MSRA, but there has been no positive identification or attempt to locate the original buildings. The purpose of this study is to understand the early footprint of the mission complex, to identify the possible mission-era resource types, and to assess the overall potential for archaeological sensitivity within the study area.
    [Show full text]
  • Page & Turnbull
    MILL VALLEY HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT MILL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA [ 17050] PREPARF.D FOR CITY OF f"liLL VALLEY, C,' PAGE & TURNBULL JANUARY 2021 imagining change in historic envronrnenls through design, research, and technology CITY OF MILL VALLEY HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT Final Draft January 2021 Prepared for: City of Mill Valley 26 Corte Madera Avenue Mill Valley, CA 94941 www.cityofmillvalley.org Prepared by: Page & Turnbull, Inc. PAGE &TURNBULL 170 Maiden Lane, 5 th Floor ~'f;"f• .,.•. ~ .. ,.,....'1 ~ & t~ A""11e.., t Joe.:.·n-:Tl'rr l ~ San Francisco, CA 941 08 http://www.page-turnbull.com/ Mayor Sashi McEntee I Vice Mayor john McCauley Council members Jim Wickham I Urban Carmel I Tricia Ossa Alan Piombo, City Manager TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................ 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................. .. ..... ....................... I I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 3 A PROJECT BACKGROUND & OB)EGIVES ............................................................................................................] B. DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHICAL AREA ......... .................................. .......... .. ... ................................................... 3 C. METHODOLOGY & RESEARCH .......................................................................................................................... S D. HOW
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive Conservation Plans Provide Long Term Guidance For
    Marin Islands National Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Marin Islands National Wildlife Refuge San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex P.O. Box 524 Newark, CA 94560 Marin Islands Telephone: 510/792 0222 Fax: 510/792 5828 National Wildlife Refuge U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1 800-344 WILD www.fws.gov July 2006 Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment %cover_mi_ccp-Laurie.indd 1 7/6/2006 3:49:49 PM Comprehensive Conservation Plans provide long term guidance for management decisions and set forth goals, objectives, and strategies needed to accomplish refuge purposes and identify the Service’s best estimate of future needs. These plans detail program planning levels that are substantially above current budget allocations and, as such, are primarily for Service strategic planning and program prioritization purposes. The plans do not constitute a commitment for staffing increases, operational and maintenance increases, or funding for future land acquisition. Cover photo USFWS Marin Islands National Wildlife Refuge and State of California Ecological Reserve Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan Prepared By U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex P.O. Box 524 Newark, CA 94560 Approved: ____________________________________________ Date: _____________________________ California Nevada Operations Manager Implementation of this Comprehensive Conservation Plan and alternative management actions/programs
    [Show full text]