Charles Street Parramatta Archaeological Assessment and Research Design
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Charles Street Parramatta Archaeological Assessment and Research Design June 2020 Document Information Citation Curio Projects, 2020, Charles Street, Parramatta, Archaeological Assessment and Research Design prepared for Parramatta City Council Local Government Area Parramatta City Council Cover Image Detail of the “Birdseye View of Parramatta”, 1870, ML_XV1B_Parr_01 ISSUE ISSUE VERSION NOTES/COMMENTS AUTHOR REVIEWED No. DATE 1 20/12/19 Draft Report For client review Michelle Richards & Matthew Kelly 2 June 2020 Final Report For submission Michelle Richards & Matthew Kelly 3 This report has been prepared based on research by Curio Projects specialists. Historical sources and reference material used in the preparation of this report are acknowledged and referenced at the end of each section and/or in figure captions. Unless otherwise specified or agreed, copyright in the intellectual property of this report vests jointly in Curio Projects Pty Ltd. Curio Projects Pty Ltd Suite 9/17 Thurlow Street Redfern NSW 2016 Australia CHARLES STREET, PARRAMATTA, ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND RESEARCH DESIGN | JUNE 2020 Curio Projects Pty Ltd 2 Contents Document Information ............................................................................................................................................................... 2 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.1. Background ..............................................................................................................................................................10 1.2. Site Identification ...................................................................................................................................................10 1.3. Limitations and Constraints ...............................................................................................................................10 1.4. Authorship ................................................................................................................................................................11 1.5. Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................................................11 2. Statutory Context ..............................................................................................................................................................14 2.1. Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................14 2.2. State Legislation—Aboriginal Archaeology ................................................................................................. 14 2.2.1. NSW Parks and Wildlife Act 1974...............................................................................................................14 2.3. State Legislation—Historical Archaeology ...................................................................................................15 2.3.1. 2.2.1 NSW Heritage Act 1977 ....................................................................................................................... 15 2.3 Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 ..........................................................................................17 2.3.1 Parramatta Local Environmental Plan 2011 ................................................................................................. 17 2.3.2 Parramatta Development Control Plan 2011 .............................................................................................. 18 2.3.3 Parramatta Historical Archaeological Landscape Management Study (PHALMS) ....................... 19 2.3.2. Nearby Heritage Listings ................................................................................................................................21 3. Historical Outline ...............................................................................................................................................................24 3.1. Historic Occupation ...............................................................................................................................................24 3.2. Historic Analysis - Early Aboriginal Occupation ........................................................................................26 3.3. Historic Analysis – Post Invasion Development .........................................................................................26 3.3.1. Convict period and initial colony settlement .........................................................................................26 3.4. Historic Analysis – Individual Allotments ...................................................................................................... 27 3.4.1. Phase 1 and Phase 2 ........................................................................................................................................ 27 3.4.2. Phase 3 and Phase 4 ........................................................................................................................................ 30 3.4.3. Phase 5 and Phase 6 ........................................................................................................................................ 30 3.4.4. Phase 7 .................................................................................................................................................................. 31 3.4.5. Historical development and flood events in the study area ............................................................ 31 3.4.6. Phases 1 - 2 .........................................................................................................................................................31 CHARLES STREET, PARRAMATTA, ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND RESEARCH DESIGN | JUNE 2020 Curio Projects Pty Ltd 3 3.4.7. Phases 3 - 4 .........................................................................................................................................................31 3.4.8. Phases 5 - 7 .........................................................................................................................................................32 4. Physical Assessment .........................................................................................................................................................41 4.1. Study area Inspection ........................................................................................................................................... 41 4.2. Geotechnical, Ground Penetrating Radar and Environmental Investigations ................................41 5. Archaeological Potential ................................................................................................................................................49 5.1. Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................49 5.2. Study area Topography and Historical Development ............................................................................. 49 5.3. Physical Evidence ...................................................................................................................................................49 5.4. Summary of Archaeological Potential ...........................................................................................................50 6. Assessment of Significance ........................................................................................................................................... 52 6.1. Basis for Assessment ............................................................................................................................................. 52 6.2. Existing Statement of Significance ..................................................................................................................52 6.3. NSW Heritage Criteria for Assessing Significance ....................................................................................52 6.4. Assessing Significance related to Archaeological Sites and Relics.....................................................53 6.4.1. Archaeological Research Potential (current NSW Heritage Criterion E). .................................... 53 6.4.2. Associations with individuals, events or groups of historical importance (NSW Heritage Criteria A, B & D). ..............................................................................................................................................................54 6.4.3. Aesthetic or technical significance (NSW Heritage Criterion C). ....................................................54 6.4.4. Ability to demonstrate the past through archaeological remains (NSW Heritage Criteria A, C, F & G). ............................................................................................................................................................................... 54 6.5. Archaeological Significance Assessment .....................................................................................................