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Molecular Regulation of Plant Monoterpene Biosynthesis in Relation to Fragrance
Molecular Regulation of Plant Monoterpene Biosynthesis In Relation To Fragrance Mazen K. El Tamer Promotor: Prof. Dr. A.G.J Voragen, hoogleraar in de Levensmiddelenchemie, Wageningen Universiteit Co-promotoren: Dr. ir. H.J Bouwmeester, senior onderzoeker, Business Unit Celcybernetica, Plant Research International Dr. ir. J.P Roozen, departement Agrotechnologie en Voedingswetenschappen, Wageningen Universiteit Promotiecommissie: Dr. M.C.R Franssen, Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. J.H.A Kroeze, Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. A.J van Tunen, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Universiteit van Amsterdam. Prof. Dr. R.G.F Visser, Wageningen Universiteit Mazen K. El Tamer Molecular Regulation Of Plant Monoterpene Biosynthesis In Relation To Fragrance Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit, Prof. dr. ir. L. Speelman, in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 27 november 2002 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula Mazen K. El Tamer Molecular Regulation Of Plant Monoterpene Biosynthesis In Relation To Fragrance Proefschrift Wageningen Universiteit ISBN 90-5808-752-2 Cover and Invitation Design: Zeina K. El Tamer This thesis is dedicated to my Family & Friends Contents Abbreviations Chapter 1 General introduction and scope of the thesis 1 Chapter 2 Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus limon) cDNA isolation 21 and functional analysis of four monoterpene synthases Chapter 3 Domain swapping of Citrus limon monoterpene synthases: Impact 57 on enzymatic activity and -
Key Enzymes Involved in the Synthesis of Hops Phytochemical Compounds: from Structure, Functions to Applications
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Key Enzymes Involved in the Synthesis of Hops Phytochemical Compounds: From Structure, Functions to Applications Kai Hong , Limin Wang, Agbaka Johnpaul , Chenyan Lv * and Changwei Ma * College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua Donglu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; [email protected] (K.H.); [email protected] (L.W.); [email protected] (A.J.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.L.); [email protected] (C.M.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-62737643 (C.M.) Abstract: Humulus lupulus L. is an essential source of aroma compounds, hop bitter acids, and xanthohumol derivatives mainly exploited as flavourings in beer brewing and with demonstrated potential for the treatment of certain diseases. To acquire a comprehensive understanding of the biosynthesis of these compounds, the primary enzymes involved in the three major pathways of hops’ phytochemical composition are herein critically summarized. Hops’ phytochemical components impart bitterness, aroma, and antioxidant activity to beers. The biosynthesis pathways have been extensively studied and enzymes play essential roles in the processes. Here, we introduced the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of hop bitter acids, monoterpenes and xanthohumol deriva- tives, including the branched-chain aminotransferase (BCAT), branched-chain keto-acid dehydroge- nase (BCKDH), carboxyl CoA ligase (CCL), valerophenone synthase (VPS), prenyltransferase (PT), 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase (HDR), Geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS), monoterpene synthase enzymes (MTS), cinnamate Citation: Hong, K.; Wang, L.; 4-hydroxylase (C4H), chalcone synthase (CHS_H1), chalcone isomerase (CHI)-like proteins (CHIL), Johnpaul, A.; Lv, C.; Ma, C. -
Synthetic Biology Applications in Industrial Microbiology
SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY Topic Editors Weiwen Zhang and David R. Nielsen MICROBIOLOGY FRONTIERS COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ABOUT FRONTIERS © Copyright 2007-2014 Frontiers is more than just an open-access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering Frontiers Media SA. All rights reserved. approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. All content included on this site, such as The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share text, graphics, logos, button icons, images, and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all video/audio clips, downloads, data compilations and software, is the property its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. of or is licensed to Frontiers Media SA (“Frontiers”) or its licensees and/or subcontractors. The copyright in the text of individual articles is the property of their FRONTIERS JOURNAL SERIES respective authors, subject to a license granted to Frontiers. The Frontiers Journal Series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of open-access, online The compilation of articles constituting journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination this e-book, wherever published, as well as the compilation of all other content on processes in academic publishing. this site, is the exclusive property of All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service Frontiers. For the conditions for downloading and copying of e-books from to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers Journal Series operates on a revo- Frontiers’ website, please see the Terms lutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of for Website Use. -
Multi-Substrate Terpene Synthases: Their Occurrence and Physiological
FOCUSED REVIEW published: 12 July 2016 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01019 Multi-Substrate Terpene Synthases: Edited by: Joshua L. Heazlewood, The University of Melbourne, Australia Their Occurrence and Physiological Reviewed by: Maaria Rosenkranz, Significance Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany Leila Pazouki 1* and Ülo Niinemets 1, 2* Sandra Irmisch, University of British Columbia (UBC), 1 Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Canada Tartu, Estonia, 2 Estonian Academy of Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia Pengxiang Fan, Michigan State University, USA Terpene synthases are responsible for synthesis of a large number of terpenes *Correspondence: in plants using substrates provided by two distinct metabolic pathways, the mevalonate-dependent pathway that is located in cytosol and has been suggested to be responsible for synthesis of sesquiterpenes (C15), and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway located in plastids and suggested to be responsible for the synthesis of hemi- (C5), mono- (C10), and diterpenes (C20). Leila Pazouki did her undergraduate Recent advances in characterization of genes and enzymes responsible for substrate and degree at the University of Tehran and master degree in Plant Biotechnology end product biosynthesis as well as efforts in metabolic engineering have demonstrated at the University of Bu Ali Sina in Iran. existence of a number of multi-substrate terpene synthases. This review summarizes the She worked as a researcher at the progress in the characterization of such multi-substrate terpene synthases and suggests Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII) for four years. that the presence of multi-substrate use might have been significantly underestimated. -
Generated by SRI International Pathway Tools Version 25.0, Authors S
An online version of this diagram is available at BioCyc.org. Biosynthetic pathways are positioned in the left of the cytoplasm, degradative pathways on the right, and reactions not assigned to any pathway are in the far right of the cytoplasm. Transporters and membrane proteins are shown on the membrane. Periplasmic (where appropriate) and extracellular reactions and proteins may also be shown. Pathways are colored according to their cellular function. Gcf_000238675-HmpCyc: Bacillus smithii 7_3_47FAA Cellular Overview Connections between pathways are omitted for legibility. -
| Hai Lui a Un Acutul Luniit Moonhiti
|HAI LUI AUN ACUTULUS010006055B2 LUNIIT MOONHITI (12 ) United States Patent (10 ) Patent No. : US 10 , 006 , 055 B2 Burk et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: Jun . 26 , 2018 ( 54 ) MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING 2002/ 0168654 A1 11/ 2002 Maranas et al. 2003 / 0059792 Al 3 /2003 Palsson et al . BUTADIENE AND METHODS RELATED 2003 /0087381 A1 5 / 2003 Gokarn THERETO 2003 / 0224363 Al 12 /2003 Park et al . 2003 / 0233218 Al 12 /2003 Schilling (71 ) Applicant: Genomatica , Inc. , San Diego , CA (US ) 2004 / 0009466 AL 1 /2004 Maranas et al. 2004 / 0029149 Al 2 /2004 Palsson et al. ( 72 ) Inventors : Mark J . Burk , San Diego , CA (US ) ; 2004 / 0072723 A1 4 /2004 Palsson et al. Anthony P . Burgard , Bellefonte , PA 2004 / 0152159 Al 8 / 2004 Causey et al . 2005 /0042736 A1 2 / 2005 San et al . (US ) ; Robin E . Osterhout , San Diego , 2005 / 0079482 A1 4 / 2005 Maranas et al . CA (US ) ; Jun Sun , San Diego , CA 2006 / 0046288 Al 3 / 2006 Ka - Yiu et al. ( US ) ; Priti Pharkya , San Diego , CA 2006 / 0073577 A1 4 / 2006 Ka - Yiu et al . (US ) 2007 /0184539 Al 8 / 2007 San et al . 2009 / 0047718 Al 2 / 2009 Blaschek et al . 2009 / 0047719 Al 2 / 2009 Burgard et al . (73 ) Assignee : Genomatica , Inc ., San Diego , CA (US ) 2009 /0191593 A1 7 / 2009 Burk et al . 2010 / 0003716 A1 1 / 2010 Cervin et al. ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this 2010 /0184171 Al 7 /2010 Jantama et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 2010 /0304453 Al 12 / 2010 Trawick et al . -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0155567 A1 Burk Et Al
US 2014O155567A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0155567 A1 Burk et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jun. 5, 2014 (54) MICROORGANISMS AND METHODS FOR (60) Provisional application No. 61/331,812, filed on May THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF BUTADENE 5, 2010. (71) Applicant: Genomatica, Inc., San Diego, CA (US) Publication Classification (72) Inventors: Mark J. Burk, San Diego, CA (US); (51) Int. Cl. Anthony P. Burgard, Bellefonte, PA CI2P 5/02 (2006.01) (US); Jun Sun, San Diego, CA (US); CSF 36/06 (2006.01) Robin E. Osterhout, San Diego, CA CD7C II/6 (2006.01) (US); Priti Pharkya, San Diego, CA (52) U.S. Cl. (US) CPC ................. CI2P5/026 (2013.01); C07C II/I6 (2013.01); C08F 136/06 (2013.01) (73) Assignee: Genomatica, Inc., San Diego, CA (US) USPC ... 526/335; 435/252.3:435/167; 435/254.2: (21) Appl. No.: 14/059,131 435/254.11: 435/252.33: 435/254.21:585/16 (22) Filed: Oct. 21, 2013 (57) ABSTRACT O O The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial Related U.S. Application Data organisms having a butadiene pathway. The invention addi (63) Continuation of application No. 13/101,046, filed on tionally provides methods of using Such organisms to produce May 4, 2011, now Pat. No. 8,580,543. butadiene. Patent Application Publication Jun. 5, 2014 Sheet 1 of 4 US 2014/O155567 A1 ?ueudos!SMS |?un61– Patent Application Publication Jun. 5, 2014 Sheet 2 of 4 US 2014/O155567 A1 VOJ OO O Z?un61– Patent Application Publication US 2014/O155567 A1 {}}} Hººso Patent Application Publication Jun. -
Floral Volatile Alleles Can Contribute to Pollinatormediated
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2014 Floral volatile alleles can contribute to pollinator-mediated reproductive isolation in monkeyflowers (Mimulus) Byers, Kelsey J R P ; Vela, James P ; Peng, Foen ; Riffell, Jeffrey A ; Bradshaw, HD Abstract: Pollinator-mediated reproductive isolation is a major factor in driving the diversification of flowering plants. Studies of floral traits involved in reproductive isolation have focused nearly exclusively on visual signals, such as flower color. The role of less obvious signals, such as floral scent, hasbeen studied only recently. In particular, the genetics of floral volatiles involved in mediating differential pollinator visitation remains unknown. The bumblebee-pollinated Mimulus lewisii and hummingbird- pollinated M. cardinalis are a model system for studying reproductive isolation via pollinator preference. We have shown that these two species differ in three floral terpenoid volatiles - D-limonene, -myrcene, and E--ocimene - that are attractive to bumblebee pollinators. By genetic mapping and in vitro enzyme activity analysis we demonstrate that these interspecific differences are consistent with allelic variation at two loci – LIMONENE-MYRCENE SYNTHASE (LMS) and OCIMENE SYNTHASE (OS). M. lewisii LMS (MlLMS) and OS (MlOS) are expressed most strongly in floral tissue in the last stages of floral development. M. cardinalis LMS (McLMS) is weakly expressed and has a nonsense mutation in exon 3. M. cardinalis OS (McOS) is expressed similarly to MlOS, but the encoded McOS enzyme produces no E--ocimene. Recapitulating the M. cardinalis phenotype by reducing the expression of MlLMS by RNAi in transgenic M. -
Upper and Lower Case Letters to Be Used
Thiamine Concentrations in Extruded Dog and Cat Food & Determination of Thiamine Status in Healthy Dogs and Cats and Comparison with Hospitalized Inappetent Animals by Georgia Kritikos A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Clinical Studies Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Georgia Kritikos, August, 2017 ABSTRACT THIAMINE CONCENTRATIONS IN EXTRUDED DOG AND CAT FOOD & DETERMINATION OF THIAMINE STATUS IN HEALTHY DOGS AND CATS AND COMPARISON WITH HOSPITALIZED INAPPETENT ANIMALS Georgia Kritikos Advisor: University of Guelph, 2017 Dr. Adronie Verbrugghe Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin and a dietary requirement for dogs and cats. It has a critical role in energy metabolism. As pet owners may freeze excess pet food in an attempt to maintain freshness, this thesis investigates the effect of freezing on thiamine in extruded dog and cat foods. Storage temperature did not affect thiamine concentrations of extruded diets, but thiamine significantly increased over time. Additionally, this thesis examines thiamine status of healthy dogs and cats in comparison to inappetent patients presenting to a tertiary referral hospital, and determines the effect of supplementation on resultant thiamine status in inappetent dogs. We found that thiamine diphosphate (TDP) and unphosphorylated thiamine status of healthy dogs declined with age. This relationship was not present in cats. TDP status was higher in inappetent dogs compared to healthy dogs. Supplementation led to higher TDP status in inappetent dogs compared to baseline TDP status. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I’d like to thank my advisor, Dr. Adronie Verbrugghe. I came into my degree with a love for nutrition and an idea that I wanted to pursue nutrition as a career. -
{Replace with the Title of Your Dissertation}
Metabolic Regulation and Genetic Tools for Bacterial Neutral Lipid Production A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Nagendra Prasad Palani IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE Dr. Brett M. Barney September 2011 © Nagendra Prasad Palani 2011 Acknowledgements I express my most sincere thanks to Dr. Brett Barney. He has been an exceptional teacher, advisor and mentor for me. He has been unfailingly supportive during my time here and I cannot thank him enough for all he has taught me. I also thank the Department of Bioproducts & Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy for their support of research in Dr. Barney’s lab. I thank my committee members Dr. Igor Libourel and Dr. Simo Sarkanen for posing critical questions about my research, helping me think better in the process. Their wisdom and insight often set me into thinking about my research from new perspectives. I thank fellow graduate and undergraduate students of the Barney lab and members of the Libourel lab for the many favors I have asked of them. I thank my friends here in the US for their fantastic company. I cannot express enough gratitude to my friends back home, who stepped in as sons and brothers whenever my family needed me. I thank my parents and my sister for their unwavering love, support and confidence in me. For her incredible patience and steadfast support, many thanks to my best friend and soon-to-be wife, Ajeetha. -
Subsistence Strategies in Traditional Societies Distinguish Gut Microbiomes
UC San Diego UC San Diego Previously Published Works Title Subsistence strategies in traditional societies distinguish gut microbiomes. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89g6x2pf Journal Nature communications, 6(1) ISSN 2041-1723 Authors Obregon-Tito, Alexandra J Tito, Raul Y Metcalf, Jessica et al. Publication Date 2015-03-25 DOI 10.1038/ncomms7505 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California ARTICLE Received 19 Aug 2014 | Accepted 4 Feb 2015 | Published 25 Mar 2015 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7505 OPEN Subsistence strategies in traditional societies distinguish gut microbiomes Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito1,2,3,*, Raul Y. Tito1,2,*, Jessica Metcalf4, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan1, Jose C. Clemente5, Luke K. Ursell4, Zhenjiang Zech Xu4, Will Van Treuren4, Rob Knight6, Patrick M. Gaffney7, Paul Spicer1, Paul Lawson1, Luis Marin-Reyes8, Omar Trujillo-Villarroel8, Morris Foster9, Emilio Guija-Poma2, Luzmila Troncoso-Corzo2, Christina Warinner1, Andrew T. Ozga1 & Cecil M. Lewis1 Recent studies suggest that gut microbiomes of urban-industrialized societies are different from those of traditional peoples. Here we examine the relationship between lifeways and gut microbiota through taxonomic and functional potential characterization of faecal samples from hunter-gatherer and traditional agriculturalist communities in Peru and an urban-industrialized community from the US. We find that in addition to taxonomic and metabolic differences between urban and traditional lifestyles, hunter-gatherers form a distinct sub-group among traditional peoples. As observed in previous studies, we find that Treponema are characteristic of traditional gut microbiomes. Moreover, through genome reconstruction (2.2–2.5 MB, coverage depth  26–513) and functional potential character- ization, we discover these Treponema are diverse, fall outside of pathogenic clades and are similar to Treponema succinifaciens, a known carbohydrate metabolizer in swine. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,169.496 B2 Marliere (45) Date of Patent: Oct
US009 169496B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,169.496 B2 Marliere (45) Date of Patent: Oct. 27, 2015 (54) METHOD FOR THE ENZYMATIC (2013.01); C12N 9/1235 (2013.01); C12N 9/88 PRODUCTION OF BUTADIENE (2013.01); CI2P 7/04 (2013.01); C12P 7/24 (2013.01) (71) Applicant: Scientist of Fortune, S.A., Luxembourg (58) Field of Classification Search (LU) None See application file for complete search history. (72) Inventor: Philippe Marliere, Mouscron (BE) (56) References Cited (73) Assignee: Scientist of Fortune, S.A., Luxembourg (LU) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 5,855,881. A * 1/1999 Loike et al. .................. 424.942 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 2011/0300597 A1* 12/2011 Burk et al. .................... 435/167 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (21) Appl. No.: 14/352,825 WO 2009111513 A1 9, 2009 WO 2011 14.0171 A 11, 2011 (22) PCT Filed: Oct. 18, 2012 (Continued) (86). PCT No.: PCT/EP2012/07O661 OTHER PUBLICATIONS S371 (c)(1), EC 1.1.1.34 (last viewed on Mar. 30, 2015).* (2) Date: Apr. 18, 2014 (Continued) (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2013/057.194 Primary Examiner — Alexander Kim PCT Pub. Date: Apr. 25, 2013 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Michael M. Wales; InHouse Patent Counsel, LLC (65) Prior Publication Data (57) ABSTRACT US 2014/0256009 A1 Sep. 11, 2014 Described is a method for the enzymatic production of buta diene which allows to produce butadiene from crotyl alcohol. Related U.S.