Head and Neck Cancers

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Head and Neck Cancers NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®) Head and Neck Cancers Version 1.2018 — February 15, 2018 NCCN.org Continue Version 1.2018, 02/15/18 © National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2018, All rights reserved. The NCCN Guidelines® and this illustration may not be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of NCCN®. Printed by Anton Kabakov on 3/5/2018 6:52:58 AM. For personal use only. Not approved for distribution. Copyright © 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc., All Rights Reserved. NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2018 Panel Members NCCN Guidelines Index Table of Contents Head and Neck Cancers Discussion * David G. Pfister, MD † Þ/Chair Robert L. Foote, MD § John A. Ridge, MD, PhD ¶ Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Fox Chase Cancer Center * Sharon Spencer, MD §/Vice-Chair Jill Gilbert, MD † James Rocco, MD, PhD ¶ University of Alabama at Birmingham Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center The Ohio State University Comprehensive Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital Maura L. Gillison, MD, PhD † and Solove Research Institute David Adelstein, MD † The University of Texas Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/ MD Anderson Cancer Center Cristina P. Rodriguez, MD † University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/ Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute Robert I. Haddad, MD † Seattle Cancer Care Alliance Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center Douglas Adkins, MD † Jatin P. Shah, MD, PhD ¶ Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital Wesley L. Hicks, Jr., MD ¶ Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Washington University School of Medicine Roswell Park Cancer Institute Randal S. Weber, MD ¶ David M. Brizel, MD § Ying J. Hitchcock, MD † § The University of Texas Duke Cancer Institute Huntsman Cancer Institute MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Utah Barbara Burtness, MD † Matthew Witek, MD § Yale Cancer Center/Smilow Cancer Hospital Antonio Jimeno, MD, PhD † University of Wisconsin University of Colorado Cancer Center Carbone Cancer Center Paul M. Busse, MD, PhD § Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center Debra Leizman, MD Þ Frank Worden, MD † Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/ University of Michigan Jimmy J. Caudell, MD, PhD § University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center Moffitt Cancer Center Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute Sue S. Yom, MD, PhD § Anthony J. Cmelak, MD § Ellie Maghami, MD ¶ ξ UCSF Helen Diller Family Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Comprehensive Cancer Center A. Dimitrios Colevas, MD † Loren K. Mell, MD § Weining Zhen, MD § Stanford Cancer Institute UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center David W. Eisele, MD ¶ Bharat B. Mittal, MD § The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer NCCN Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Center of Northwestern University Jennifer Burns Susan Darlow, PhD Moon Fenton, MD, PhD † Harlan A. Pinto, MD † Þ The University of Tennessee Stanford Cancer Institute Health Science Center † Medical oncology ¶ Surgery/Surgical oncology Continue § Radiation oncology ξ Otolaryngology Þ Internal medicine NCCN Guidelines Panel Disclosures * Discussion Writing Committee Member Version 1.2018, 02/15/18 © National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2018, All rights reserved. The NCCN Guidelines® and this illustration may not be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of NCCN®. Printed by Anton Kabakov on 3/5/2018 6:52:58 AM. For personal use only. Not approved for distribution. Copyright © 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc., All Rights Reserved. NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2018 Subcommittees NCCN Guidelines Index Table of Contents Head and Neck Cancers Discussion Principles of Radiation Therapy Principles of Systemic Therapy Principles of Surgery Sharon Spencer, MD §/Lead David G. Pfister, MD † Þ/Lead Randal S. Weber, MD ¶/Lead University of Alabama at Birmingham Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center The University of Texas Comprehensive Cancer Center MD Anderson Cancer Center A. Dimitrios Colevas, MD † David Brizel, MD § Stanford Cancer Institute David M. Brizel, MD § Duke Cancer Institute Duke Cancer Institute Robert I. Haddad, MD † Paul M. Busse, MD, PhD § Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s David W. Eisele, MD ¶ Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Frank Worden, MD † Jimmy J. Caudell, MD, PhD § University of Michigan John A. Ridge, MD, PhD ¶ Moffitt Cancer Center Comprehensive Cancer Center Fox Chase Cancer Center Anthony J. Cmelak, MD § Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center Ying J. Hitchcock, MD † § Mucosal Melanoma Principles of Nutrition Huntsman Cancer Institute A. Dimitrios Colevas, MD †/Lead at the University of Utah Jatin P. Shah, MD, PhD ¶ Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Stanford Cancer Institute Loren K. Mell, MD § Paul M. Busse, MD, PhD § UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center Bharat B. Mittal, MD § Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Principles of Dental Evaluation and Management Ying J. Hitchcock, MD § Center of Northwestern University Frank Worden, MD † Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Michigan at the University of Utah Sue S. Yom, MD, PhD § Comprehensive Cancer Center UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center † Medical oncology ¶ Surgery/Surgical oncology § Radiation oncology Continue ξ Otolaryngology NCCN Guidelines Panel Disclosures Þ Internal medicine Version 1.2018, 02/15/18 © National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2018, All rights reserved. The NCCN Guidelines® and this illustration may not be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of NCCN®. Printed by Anton Kabakov on 3/5/2018 6:52:58 AM. For personal use only. Not approved for distribution. Copyright © 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc., All Rights Reserved. NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2018 Table of Contents NCCN Guidelines Index Table of Contents Head and Neck Cancers Discussion NCCN Head Neck Cancers Panel Members Clinical Trials: NCCN believes that NCCN Head and Cancers Sub-Committee Members the best management for any patient Summary of the Guidelines Updates with cancer is in a clinical trial. Multidisciplinary Team and Support Services (TEAM-1) Participation in clinical trials is Cancer of the Lip (LIP-1) especially encouraged. Cancer of the Oral Cavity (OR-1) To find clinical trials online at NCCN Cancer of the Oropharynx (ORPH-1) Member Institutions, click here: • p16-negative (ORPH-2) nccn.org/clinical_trials/physician.html. • p16 (HPV)-positive (ORPHPV-1) NCCN Categories of Evidence and Cancer of the Hypopharynx (HYPO-1) Consensus: All recommendations Cancer of the Nasopharynx (NASO-1) are category 2A unless otherwise Cancer of the Glottic Larynx (GLOT-1) indicated. Cancer of the Supraglottic Larynx (SUPRA-1) See NCCN Categories of Evidence Ethmoid Sinus Tumors (ETHM-1) and Consensus. Maxillary Sinus Tumors (MAXI-1) Very Advanced Head and Neck Cancer (ADV-1) Recurrent/Persistent Head and Neck Cancer (ADV-3) Occult Primary (OCC-1) Salivary Gland Tumors (SALI-1) Mucosal Melanoma (MM-1) Follow-up Recommendations (FOLL-A) Principles of Surgery (SURG-A) Radiation Techniques (RAD-A) Principles of Systemic Therapy (CHEM-A) Principles of Nutrition: Management and Supportive Care (NUTR-A) Principles of Dental Evaluation and Management (DENT-A) Staging (ST-1) The NCCN Guidelines® are a statement of evidence and consensus of the authors regarding their views of currently accepted approaches to treatment. Any clinician seeking to apply or consult the NCCN Guidelines is expected to use independent medical judgment in the context of individual clinical circumstances to determine any patient’s care or treatment. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) makes no representations or warranties of any kind regarding their content, use or application and disclaims any responsibility for their application or use in any way. The NCCN Guidelines are copyrighted by National Comprehensive Cancer Network®. All rights reserved. The NCCN Guidelines and the illustrations herein may not be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of NCCN. ©2018. Version 1.2018, 02/15/18 © National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2018, All rights reserved. The NCCN Guidelines® and this illustration may not be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of NCCN®. Printed by Anton Kabakov on 3/5/2018 6:52:58 AM. For personal use only. Not approved for distribution. Copyright © 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc., All Rights Reserved. NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2018 Updates NCCN Guidelines Index Table of Contents Head and Neck Cancers Discussion Updates in Version 1.2018 of the NCCN Guidelines for Head and Neck Cancers from Version 2.2017 include: Global Changes Cancer of the Oral Cavity • The term "extracapsular spread" has been changed to "extranodal OR-2 extension." • First and second primary therapy options combined: "Resection • "Multimodality clinical trials" has been changed to "clinical trials." of primary (preferred) ± ipsilateral (guided by tumor thickness) or • "Lymphovascular invasion" has been changed to "vascular/ bilateral (guided by location of primary) neck dissection or SLN lymphatic invasion." biopsy" • For those with positive margins after resection, the adjuvant • Adjuvant therapy revised
Recommended publications
  • Emerging Concepts and Novel Strategies in Radiation Therapy for Laryngeal Cancer Management
    cancers Review Emerging Concepts and Novel Strategies in Radiation Therapy for Laryngeal Cancer Management Mauricio E. Gamez 1,*, Adriana Blakaj 2, Wesley Zoller 1 , Marcelo Bonomi 3 and Dukagjin M. Blakaj 1 1 Division of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; [email protected] (W.Z.); [email protected] (D.M.B.) 2 Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, 35 Park St., New Haven, CT 06519, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 320 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 25 May 2020; Accepted: 15 June 2020; Published: 22 June 2020 Abstract: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common head and neck cancer. Its pathogenesis is strongly associated with smoking. The management of this disease is challenging and mandates multidisciplinary care. Currently, accepted treatment modalities include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy—all focused on improving survival while preserving organ function. Despite changes in smoking patterns resulting in a declining incidence of laryngeal cancer, the overall outcomes for this disease have not improved in the recent past, likely due to changes in treatment patterns and treatment-related toxicities. Here, we review emerging concepts and novel strategies in the use of radiation therapy in the management of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma that could improve the relationship between tumor control and normal tissue damage (therapeutic ratio). Keywords: laryngeal cancer; radiotherapy; IMRT; IGRT; SABR; de-escalation therapy 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Radiation Oncology Review
    Clinical Radiation Oncology Review Daniel M. Trifiletti University of Virginia Disclaimer: The following is meant to serve as a brief review of information in preparation for board examinations in Radiation Oncology and allow for an open-access, printable, updatable resource for trainees. Recommendations are briefly summarized, vary by institution, and there may be errors. NCCN guidelines are taken from 2014 and may be out-dated. This should be taken into consideration when reading. 1 Table of Contents 1) Pediatrics 6) Gastrointestinal a) Rhabdomyosarcoma a) Esophageal Cancer b) Ewings Sarcoma b) Gastric Cancer c) Wilms Tumor c) Pancreatic Cancer d) Neuroblastoma d) Hepatocellular Carcinoma e) Retinoblastoma e) Colorectal cancer f) Medulloblastoma f) Anal Cancer g) Epndymoma h) Germ cell, Non-Germ cell tumors, Pineal tumors 7) Genitourinary i) Craniopharyngioma a) Prostate Cancer j) Brainstem Glioma i) Low Risk Prostate Cancer & Brachytherapy ii) Intermediate/High Risk Prostate Cancer 2) Central Nervous System iii) Adjuvant/Salvage & Metastatic Prostate Cancer a) Low Grade Glioma b) Bladder Cancer b) High Grade Glioma c) Renal Cell Cancer c) Primary CNS lymphoma d) Urethral Cancer d) Meningioma e) Testicular Cancer e) Pituitary Tumor f) Penile Cancer 3) Head and Neck 8) Gynecologic a) Ocular Melanoma a) Cervical Cancer b) Nasopharyngeal Cancer b) Endometrial Cancer c) Paranasal Sinus Cancer c) Uterine Sarcoma d) Oral Cavity Cancer d) Vulvar Cancer e) Oropharyngeal Cancer e) Vaginal Cancer f) Salivary Gland Cancer f) Ovarian Cancer & Fallopian
    [Show full text]
  • Laryngeal Cancer Survivorship
    About the Authors Dr. Yadro Ducic MD completed medical school and Head and Neck Surgery training in Ottawa and Toronto, Canada and finished Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the University of Minnesota. He moved to Texas in 1997 running the Department of Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery at JPS Health Network in Fort Worth, and training residents through the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas. He was a full Clinical Professor in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery. Currently, he runs a tertiary referral practice in Dallas-Fort Worth. He is Director of the Baylor Neuroscience Skullbase Program in Fort Worth, Texas and the Director of the Center for Aesthetic Surgery. He is also the Codirector of the Methodist Face Transplant Program and the Director of the Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Fellowship in Dallas-Fort Worth sponsored by the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. He has authored over 160 publications, being on the forefront of clinical research in advanced head and neck cancer and skull base surgery and reconstruction. He is devoted to advancing the care of this patient population. For more information please go to www.drducic.com. Dr. Moustafa Mourad completed his surgical training in Head and Neck Surgery in New York City from the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mt. Sinai. Upon completion of his training he sought out specialization in facial plastic, skull base, and reconstructive surgery at Baylor All Saints, under the mentorship and guidance of Dr. Yadranko Ducic. Currently he is based in New York City as the Division Chief of Head and Neck and Skull Base Surgery at Harlem Hospital, in addition to being the Director for the Center of Aesthetic Surgery in New York.
    [Show full text]
  • Prognostic Significance of N-Cadherin Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    ANTICANCER RESEARCH 31: 4211-4218 (2011) Prognostic Significance of N-Cadherin Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma M. DI DOMENICO1*, G.M. PIERANTONI2*, A. FEOLA1, F. ESPOSITO2, L. LAINO3, A. DE ROSA3, R. RULLO3, M. MAZZOTTA4, M. MARTANO4, F. SANGUEDOLCE5, L. PERILLO3, L. D’ANGELO6, S. PAPAGERAKIS7, S. TORTORELLA4, P. BUFO5, L. LO MUZIO4, G. PANNONE5 and A. SANTORO8 1Department of General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy; 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Naples, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy; 3Department of Oral Pathology, Orthodontics and Oral Surgery, Institute of Biochemistry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy; 4Department of Surgical Sciences - Section of Oral Pathology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; 5Department of Surgical Sciences - Section of Anatomic Pathology and Cytopathology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; 6Unit of Audiology, Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Second Univesity of Naples, Naples, Italy; 7Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Medical School, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A.; 8Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy Abstract. Background: N-Cadherin (CDH2) is a calcium- and only focal nuclear positivity was observed. Expression of dependent adhesion protein, whose de novo expression, re- cytoplasmic N-Cadherin correlated significantly with poor expression, up-regulation and down-regulation in human histological differentiation (p<0.05). Furthermore, we have tumors has been demonstrated. The aim of the present work observed significant a statistical trend for stage and a was to define the prognostic role of N-Cadherin in a large correlation with worst patient outcome, also confirmed by series of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs).
    [Show full text]
  • NCCN Guidelines for Head and Neck Cancers V.1.2019 – Follow-Up on 01/17/2019
    NCCN Guidelines for Head and Neck Cancers V.1.2019 – Follow-Up on 01/17/2019 Guideline Page Panel Discussion/References Institution Vote and Request YES NO ABSTAIN ABSENT SALI-4/CHEM-A Based on a review of data and discussion, the panel 21 0 2 4 External request: consensus supported the inclusion of NTRK therapy (eg, larotrectinib) as an option for recurrent NTRK gene fusion- Submission from Bayer HealthCare positive salivary gland tumors with distant metastases, PS Pharmaceuticals suggesting the following for 0-3 (on page SALI-4). This is a category 2A consideration: recommendation. 1. Principles of Systemic Therapy: Add bullet “Larotrectinib is recommended for tumors harboring an NTRK gene fusion.” See Submission for references. 2. First-line Single-agent or Second- line/Subsequent Therapy: Add “larotrectinib if NTRK+” 3. Salivary Gland Tumors, Unresectable Disease or Distant Metastases: Add “larotrectinib if NTRK+” CHEM-A (1 of 6) Based on the discussion and noted references, the panel Internal request: consensus was that cetuximab + concurrent RT has limited clinical use for the primary treatment of: Panel comment to review the data for cetuximab Hypopharynx, larynx, p16-negative oropharynx 16 5 2 4 + concurrent RT as a primary definitive therapy cancers option for oropharyngeal cancer (p16-negative p16-positive oropharynx cancers 10 10 3 4 and p16-positive), hypopharyngeal cancer, and The category was changed from a category 1 to a 2B laryngeal cancer. recommendation for cancers of the oropharynx (p16- positive and p16-negative), hypopharynx or larynx. References: Gillison ML, Trotti AM, Harris J, et al. Radiotherapy plus cetuximab or cisplatin in human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancer (NRG Oncology RTOG 1016): a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority trial.
    [Show full text]
  • CDHO Factsheet Oral Cancer
    Disease/Medical Condition ORAL CANCER Date of Publication: August 7, 2014 (also known as “oral cavity cancer”) Is the initiation of non-invasive dental hygiene procedures* contra-indicated? Possibly (dental hygiene procedures should not be scheduled while the patient/client is experiencing oral ulcerations and pain, has an acute oral infection, has an absolute neutrophil count ≤ 1.0 X 109/L, or has a platelet count ≤ 50 X 109/L) Is medical consult advised? ..................................... Possibly (e.g., if suspicious lesion is detected; if intraoral infection and/or immunosuppression is suspected, particularly if the patient/client is undergoing radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy) Is the initiation of invasive dental hygiene procedures contra-indicated?** Possibly (contra-indicated for persons undergoing radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy for oral cancer); furthermore, dental hygiene procedures should not be scheduled while the patient/client is experiencing oral ulcerations and pain, has an acute oral infection, has an absolute neutrophil count ≤ 1000/mm3, or has a platelet count ≤ 50,000/mm3) Is medical consult advised? ...................................... See above. Is medical clearance required? .................................. Yes, if the patient/client is about to undergo or is undergoing active chemotherapy or radiation therapy for oral cancer. – Yes, if the patient/client is scheduled for major oral surgery for oral cancer. Is antibiotic prophylaxis required? ............................. No, not typically (although cancer or treatment-induced immunosuppression may warrant consideration of antibiotic prophylaxis). Is postponing treatment advised? .............................. Possibly (depends on whether cancer and its treatment may interfere with invasive procedures and whether there is immunosuppression associated with cancer treatment).1 Oral management implications Dental hygienists play an important role in early detection of oral cancer, leading to timely medical/dental referral and potential biopsy, endoscopy, and imaging.
    [Show full text]
  • Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer and the Human Papillomavirus
    MONOGRAPH HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CANCER AND THE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS: SUMMARY OF A NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE STATE OF THE SCIENCE MEETING, NOVEMBER 9–10, 2008, WASHINGTON, D.C. David J. Adelstein, MD,1 John A. Ridge, MD, PhD,2 Maura L. Gillison, MD, PhD,3 Anil K. Chaturvedi, PhD,4 Gypsyamber D’Souza, PhD,5 Patti E. Gravitt, PhD,5 William Westra, MD,6 Amanda Psyrri, MD, PhD,7 W. Martin Kast, PhD,8 Laura A. Koutsky, PhD,9 Anna Giuliano, PhD,10 Steven Krosnick, MD,4 Andy Trotti, MD,10 David E. Schuller, MD,3 Arlene Forastiere, MD,6 Claudio Dansky Ullmann, MD4 1 Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, Ohio. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 3 Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 4 National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 5 Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 6 Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 7 Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 8 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 9 University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 10 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida Accepted 14 August 2009 Published online 29 September 2009 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/hed.21269 VC 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 31: 1393–1422, 2009* Keywords: human papillomavirus; head and neck squamous Correspondence to: D. J. Adelstein cell cancer; state of the science Contract grant sponsor: NIH. Gypsyamber D’Souza is an advisory board member and received For the purpose of clinical trials, head and neck research funding from Merck Co.
    [Show full text]
  • What You Need to Know About™ Cancer of the Larynx
    What You Need To Know About TM Cancer National Cancer Institute of the Larynx U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute Services This is only one of many free booklets for people with cancer. You may want more information for yourself, your family, and your doctor. NCI offers comprehensive research-based information for patients and their families, health professionals, cancer researchers, advocates, and the public. • Call NCI’s Cancer Information Service at 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237) • Visit us at http://www.cancer.gov or http://www.cancer.gov/espanol • Chat using LiveHelp, NCI’s instant messaging service, at http://www.cancer.gov/ livehelp • E-mail us at [email protected] • Order publications at http://www.cancer.gov/ publications or by calling 1–800–4–CANCER • Get help with quitting smoking at 1–877–44U–QUIT (1–877–448–7848) Contents About This Booklet 1 The Larynx 2 Cancer Cells 5 Risk Factors 7 Symptoms 9 Diagnosis 9 Staging 12 Treatment 13 Second Opinion 25 Nutrition 26 Rehabilitation 27 Follow-up Care 29 Sources of Support 29 Taking Part in Cancer Research 31 Dictionary 32 National Cancer Institute Publications 40 National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders 42 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health About This Booklet This National Cancer Institute (NCI) booklet is about cancer* that starts in the larynx. Another name for this disease is laryngeal cancer. Each year in the United States, more than 10,000 men and about 3,000 women learn they have cancer of the larynx.
    [Show full text]
  • Oligometastatic HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
    Oligometastatic HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer Avinash R. Chaurasia1, Brandi R. Page2 1National Cancer Institute/National Capital Consortium, Bethesda, MD 2Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD December 2019 December 16, 2019 Learning Objectives • Follow-up of HPV+ Oropharyngeal (OP) H&N cancer patients • Patterns of failure of HPV+ OP cancer patients • Work-up of recurrent/metastatic HPV+ H&N cancer • Special considerations for oligometastatic HPV+ OP cancer December 16, 2019 Background • HPV+ OPSCC has a better prognosis than HPV- disease, but not treated significantly differently (subject of ongoing clinical trials) • Retrospective data suggests distant mets in HPV+ OPSCC significantly later than HPV- • HPV+ OPSCC have atypical patterns of failure December 16, 2019 Background • 11% of HPV+ OPSCC develop distant metastases – Majority (2/3) have polymetastatic disease, minority (1/3) have oligometastatic disease – Oligometastatic HPV+ OPSCC have been shown to have better OS than polymetastatic pts – Retrospective data point to two distinct populations: “indolent” phenotype and a “disseminated” phenotype • indolent have prolonged DFS and more likely to have oligomets December 16, 2019 Background • No clear treatment paradigm for metastatic HPV+ OPSCC pts: – Chemo ± immunotherapy • KEYNOTE-048: NCCN 3.2019 – PDL-1+: Pembrolizumab – PDL-1-: Pembro/cisplatin/5-FU • Checkmate 141 (~25% known HPV+) after progressing on cetuximab: benefit for nivolumab vs. investigator’s choice (2 yr OS 16.9% vs 6%) – Ablation/removal of metastatic sites (surgery vs stereotactic RT) December 16, 2019 Follow-up Paradigm • Currently same as HPV negative H&N cancer • H&P q1-3 months for 1 year, then q2-6 months for 1 year, then q4-8 months years 3-5 – Clinical oral exam and LN palpation, fiberoptic evaluation (NPL) • Imaging: PET/CT ≥ 12 weeks post-RT.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Report Acinic Cell Carcinoma of Minor Salivary Gland of the Base of Tongue That Required Reconstructive Surgery
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Otolaryngology Volume 2012, Article ID 421065, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/421065 Case Report Acinic Cell Carcinoma of Minor Salivary Gland of the Base of Tongue That Required Reconstructive Surgery Kota Wada,1, 2 Subaru Watanabe,1 Yuji Ando,1 Yoichi Seino,2 and Hiroshi Moriyama2 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba 289-2511, Japan 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Kota Wada, [email protected] Received 2 October 2012; Accepted 14 November 2012 Academic Editors: H.-S. Lin, A. Rapoport, H. Sudhoff,A.Tas¸,andC.P.Wang Copyright © 2012 Kota Wada et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Acinic cell carcinoma of minor salivary gland of the base of tongue is very rare. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common tumor in the base of tongue. We present a patient with gigantic acinic cell carcinoma of the base of tongue. This patient required emergency tracheotomy before surgery, because he had dyspnea when he came to our hospital. We removed this tumor by pull- through method and performed reconstructive surgery using a rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. It was a case that to preserved movement of the tongue and swallowing function by keeping lingual arteries and hypoglossal nerves. This case was an extremely rare case of ACC of the base of tongue that required reconstructive surgery.
    [Show full text]
  • Oral-Cancer-Facts-2020
    Oral Cancer Facts • Slightly more than 53,000 Americans will be diagnosed with oral cancer in 2020. • Worldwide the problem is much greater, with new cases exceeding 640,000 annually. • In the US, approximately 132 new individuals each day will be diagnosed with oral cancer. • The fastest growing segment of the oral/oropharyngeal cancer population comes from HPV16, a virus that goes unnoticed with no precancerous signs. • Approximately one person every hour of every day 24/7/365 will die from oral cancer in the US alone. • While not related to biology, oral cancer occurs in blacks 2 to 1 over whites. • Oral cancer occurs in men 2 to 1 over women. Risk Factors • Tobacco use in all of its forms and alcohol are major risk factors for developing oral cancer. • While the vast majority of oral cancers (front/anterior of mouth) are related to tobacco and alcohol, about 10% of these cancers come from unknown causes. This includes all three types of cancers found in the oral environment: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC), and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC). • The unknown etiology cancers may arise from a genetic aberration or frailty or from a yet unidenti- fied common shared lifestyle risk factor. Signs and Symptoms • Any sore or ulceration that does not heal within 14 days. • A red, white, or black discoloration of the soft tissues of the mouth. • Any abnormality that bleeds easily when touched (friable). • A lump or hard spot in the tissue, usually border of the tongue (induration). • Tissue raised above that which surrounds it; a growth (exophytic).
    [Show full text]
  • Head and Neck Pathology Traditional Prognostic Factors
    314A ANNUAL MEETING ABSTRACTS Design: 421 archived cases of EC(1995-2007) were reviewed and TMAs prepared Conclusions: Positive GATA3 staining is seen in all vulvar PDs. GATA3 staining is as per established procedures. ERCC1 and RRM1 Immunofl uorescence stains were generally retained in the invasive component associated with vulvar PDs. GATA3 is combined with Automated Quantitative Analysis to assess their expression. The average more sensitive than GCDFP15 for vulvar PDs. Vulvar PDs only rarely express ER and of triplicate core expression was used to determine high and low score cutoff points PR. Vulvar PD should be added to the GATA3+/GCDFP15+ tumor list. using log-rank test on overall survival(OS). Association between expression profi les and clinicopathological parameters was tested using Fisher’s exact test. The independent prognostic value of ERCC1 and RRM1 was tested using Cox model adjusted for Head and Neck Pathology traditional prognostic factors. Results: 304(72%) type-I EC cases and 117(38%) type-II EC cases were identifi ed. Caucasian women had higher proportion of type-I tumors(p<0.001) while elderly women 1297 Subclassification of Perineural Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell were more likely to have type-II tumors (p<0.001). ERCC1 and RRM1 expression was Carcinoma: Prognostic Implications observed in 80% of tumors (336 cases 335 cases,respectively). Kaplan Meier curves K Aivazian, H Low, K Gao, JR Clark, R Gupta. Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, showed statistically signifi cant difference in OS between low and high expression of New South Wales, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Sydney ERCC1 and RRM1.
    [Show full text]