One Army Style" I C]JT John A

SUMMER 1973 VOLUME 3 NUMBER 2 2 Pipeline I NeJ}'S lte111S 4 Stop-16 I L etters to the Editor 5 Demolition Support: "One Army Style" I C]JT John A. StockhaUJ- CPT Guy Donaldson II 8 New Engineering Techniquesl BG Ernest D Peixotto 11 Maintenance Syndrome / CW4 Gene L. D erby 14 Revised FM 20-32 I Frederick A . Messing 16 Training the Effective Sapper I lVIA J ~lillianl L. Jones 19 Bunker Hill: Anatomy of a Fire Base I MA] Peter J Offringa 26 Dynatnic Training/ lVfA] Don W Barber MA] Matthew J Jones 35 You'll Get A Bang Out'a This / SFC Charles T LeJvis 36 Mine-Countermine Training / COL Walter R. Hylander 40 Contract Construction for a Troop Unit I CPT WardrrJ/Orth A. Soderr III 44 Mine-Countermine Training Devices I MA] .A. J Christensen 45 Bridging The Gapl Career Notes DEPARTMENTS Chief~r Briefs I Pipeline I Stop-16 Dynamic Training I Bridging The Gap U.S. Army Engineer School Fort Belvoir, Virginia Commandant MG Robert R. Ploger Assistant Commandant BG Richa rd L. Harris Deputy Assistant Commandant COL Charles A. Mcleod Secretary Walker Keith Ar mistead, the U.S . Army's eighth Chief Engineer, was COL Robert L. Crosby born in Virginia about 1780. This form er Chief of Engineers became a cadet in the old Corps of Editor Robert G. McClintic Artillerists and Engineers and continued as a cadet in the new Military cademy when the present Co rps of E ngineers was established in Ar! Director 802 . Armistead was the third perso n to graduate from the newly John W. Savage, Jr. constituted Academy at West Point on March 3, 1803. He was ap pointed a second lieutenant in the Co rps of En gineer s The Engine er 15 an C1uthorized quarterly p u b li upon his gradu ation from the Acad emy. Rising swiftly up the pro ca t io n o f th e U.S. Ar m y Engine er Sch o ol. I . Ii tion ladder , Ar mistead reached the grade of lieutenant colonel during p J b l i s h e ~ to p rov ide foc tu ol and in-dep th in fo r mation of inter e st to all Engineer un it s. Art icl es , the War of 1812. During that war, Colonel Armiste ad held an assign phot oq ro p hs and art w o rk of ge neral i nt ~r4=lst ment as the Chief Engineer of the Niagara Front ier and for the forces may be- \ :.J bmitte d for considerat ion to: Editor, Th e Engineer, USA En g in eer Sc.hool, For ! 1i,l voir, defending the Chesapeake Bay. Vi rginia 22060 . Views and op in ions e xp re sse d h er ein or e n ot ne ce ss a ril y tho se o f the Deport Before and after the War of 1812, the colonel served as Sup erin m ent of th e Army. Usc of funds for printing of tend ent En gineer of vari ous coastal defe nses. He was prom oted to this pu b lica tio n ha s been prov ided by Heed" qu o r'ers, De partment o f th e Army. July 11 . 1969. the grade of colonel and subsequently was nam ed Chief E ngineer on SUbs c.rip lions. to THE ENGI NEER mogcn:in e are c veil e ble thro\lgh th e Superintendent of Docu November 12,181 8. ments, U. S. Governm ent Printing Office. Wash When the U.S. Army was reo rga nized in June J821, Colonel ing ton, D. C. 20 4 0 2. Annual rates are- 2 .S0 for mail in g to a d o mes ti c or APO e ddr e ss end $3 15 A rmistea d was repl aced as Chief Engineer by Major General Alexander f o t mailinq to a forei gn C)d d, ~s.s. Ind iv idual co p ies of th e, mcquzine are Sl CO e eeh. Ch eck$: Malcomb. He was reassigned as an officer in the 3rd Artillery . shou ld b e ma d e- payabl e to th e Superin ten de n t The colonel was b reveted a brigadier genera l in 1828. Back in comba t of Do cumen ts . again in 1840-41, General Armistead commanded the Florid a Army and led it in the fight against the Semin ole Indians. H e also later com ABO UT THE COVER manded the 3rd Artillery. The late author Ernest Heming General Armistea d was the father of the gallant General Lewis way's classic story "For Whom Armistead of the Confederate Army, who was killed as he led Pickett's The Bell Tolls" inspired Art Direc charge at Gettysburg. tor John Savage, Jr., to build this d iorama . In order to simulate the Brigadier Gen eral Walker Keith Armistead died at Upperville, sto p oction photograph y seven Virginia, Oct ober 13, 1845 . e separate powder charges were used. The veh id e is a '.35 scale of an Opel "Mav/tier" that was used by both s id es in the Spanish Civil War. ENGINEERS USE ov erl ay with only two expansion All labor involved was union FIBROUS MIX joints and no exposed metal. help and none of these men had The fibrous concr et e was mixed previous ly been expos ed to fibrous ON LIBBY DAM and transported in eight cu bic yard con crete. The concrete dec k of the Libby ro ta ting-drum tr an sit trucks fro m a A finishing forem an ex plai ned D am P roject visitor ove rloo k facil local batch plant to the job site. that although hi s men worked ity, near Li bby, Montana, had po or The con crete co n tai ne d 1.19 per har der in o rder to handle th e fibrous surface drainage an d had become cent steel fibers by volume. T hese mix, the time invol ved wa s no di f badl y cracked . fibers (.010" x 1" ) were added at feren t th an wo uld have been neces Conventiona l remo val an d re the batch plant sprin kling th em ont o sa ry with normal co ncrete. T he cost placement of th e deck wo uld have the aggrega tes as the co n veyo r to furnish, place, screen , finish, an been an aw kward and expensive belt filled the mixer tr ucks. cure the fibrous concrete and to task. The cement, water, an d air were insta ll the necessar y expan sion A thin 1 1;2 inch overl ay of sim ultaneo usly added and mixed. joint s was $ 1.22 per square foot. f brous concrete was suggested by A fter disch ar ge fro m th e truck, This co st includes la bor, equipme nt , th e Army Corps of Engineers' res wo rk men used garden rakes and tr avel, an d co ntractor profit. ident Offic e at the construction shovels to spread the mi x. A vib A dditional expenses fo r winter site and accepted by the Corps' rating screen was utilized to co n pr o tect ion were incu rred but ar c District Offic e in Seattle as the re solidate the mix and obtain the considered incidental to the actual pa ir action. p roper grade. overlay work. The dec k was divided into three Standard con struction techniques sections for a total of 2,000 square and tools were used to finish the 84TH'S TROOPS GET feet of surface area. slab. GET SHOOK UP Imp r 0 v i n g drainages through The finished sur fac e is skid grad e control required variances in resistant and ha s virtually all fibers BY EARTHQUAKE the overl ay thi ckness of from 2% covere d . There is no evidence of On the su bj ect of pure terror, inc hes to less than 1 inch . crack ing, objectionable rust stains, Mother Nature can often be the The ove rlay was acc omplish ed bleeding, or fibers sticking fr om be st tea ch er. in October 1972. It wa s decided to th e surface. The 5.3 sack mi x used A t least two dozen GIs from ov erlay so me of th e expa nsio n joints co nta ined 22 6 pounds of fly ash th e 84 th Enginee r Battalion ( Con that were in the origina l concrete pe r cubic yard. Modulus of rupture struction ) received an un scheduled surface. A met al m anhole lid was at 28 days was 129 0 p.s.i. with lesson on the subject when an earth also ov erlaid. an average compres sive st rength quake ro cked th e Big Islan d of By pla cing a pl astic sheet be of 6 160 p.s.i. H aw aii beneath the m and ru mb led tween the met al lid and the fib ro us Streng ths at 90 days are ex the other Hawaiia n Islands. mix, a remo vable co ncrete disc was pected to be 1700 p.s.i modulus of The men , permanently stat ioned AI ca st in plac e. A m ore ar chitecturally rupture and 8600 p.

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