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Molecare News Spring/Summer 2019 • Dairy wisdom in uncertain times • African Swine Fever • Should I worry about Johne's? • Coccidiosis in lambs In this issue: • HerdInsights: Moletech • Scabby sheep, is it always scab? • Worming strategies for grazing • Dental x-rays for pets Dairy wisdom in uncertain times Nick Barradale BVSc MRCVS, Molecare Veterinary Services As I write this article, I am over a year later the results are fantastic. considering the uncertainty that Earlier in 2017 the farm invested in a new currently grips the nation, not to farm software package - Dairy Comp mention the agricultural sector, 305. This has meant better management of farm data and real time feedback on regarding Brexit. No matter the performance rates. outcome, wise investment is essential to future proofing dairy Pregnancy rates have jumped from 20% to 24.6% in the past year. This moves the farm businesses. Key areas where from the top 25% to the top 5% of herds most of the industry could make nationally, representing approximately have made in recent years, I'd have to improvements are; biosecurity, £35/cow/year additional gross margin. say the best has been the cubicle beds data and return on investment. Tighter fertility also reduces stale fat cow and the permanent concrete footbath. issues, improves staff morale and reduces We have always used sand in cubicles for Biosecurity unnecessary fertility culls with loss of udder health reasons, three times a week During a recent phone call, a Dutch valuable genetics. SmaXtec has certainly on top of mattresses. However, we were farmer was unhappy about the IBR performed very well for this and other not happy with hock sores. After visiting status of an animal he had purchased units. other units we decided to fit a 7.6cm (3”) but was unable to export to his farm. angle iron to the kerb of the cubicle to A second cautionary tale involved a Cow comfort transform them to shallow sand on top of farmer stranded without his purchased The latest investment is 120 cubicles with the mattress. We now apply a light top up breeding heifers, which he wanted to 118m (390') of new feed space; resulting in of sand daily. Lying times, cow comfort and export to Romania – again transit issues scope to increase population, with at least cleanliness have dramatically improved linked to their infectious disease status. 70cm feed space per animal. and the high kerb does not seem to worry BVD Stamp It Out has highlighted that we the cows.” Following on from the very cost-effective are up to 28 years behind some European addition of a 7.6cm (3”) kerb rail “Our footbath was removed from the countries. We must, as an industry, and shallow sand beds on top of old milking parlour exit and is now positioned prioritise biosecurity and biocontainment mattresses last year, the new shed now far enough from the milking parlour so as to maintaining health and profitability. has deep sand cubicles. Wide alleyways not to affect cow flow. It is 4m long, has We have been labelled the ‘dirty country’ and new plug trough drinkers finish off the been plumbed into the volume washer and can only start to alter this with a new environment perfectly. On my last and has a large drain. It’s quick and easy universal mindset change. visit I noted there were eight cows around to fill and we use it religiously each day. Data and ROI the new fresh water trough, whereas Foot health has increased and digital there was only one at the traditional dermatitis is not the problem it was." Data and targeted investment go hand large concrete trough not more than 18m in hand. If you don’t measure, then how (60’) away. can you manage? Carefully managed data is invaluable, as demonstrated by The shed was carefully designed to Farm spotlight- minimise investment but retain potential Hatchlands Farm. Recent progress has Hatchlands Farm really developed the herd’s productivity to maximise return. The investment in 2015-2018 and potential. These investments have comfort has increased milk/per cow/per been carefully managed and financially day by 1.2L, with no changes to ration. Population: 350 < 480 shrewd. There have been other investments, but Yield: 22 < 25L/cow/day a remarkably cost effective one is the Pregnancy rate: 20 < 25% smaXtec footbath. Some careful planning, a few Investments: The business was lucky enough to receive pounds worth of concrete plus a day’s Cubicle adaptations, bespoke footbath, smaXtec heat a Pro Dairy Welfare EU grant for a heat work and digital dermatitis is now history. and health monitor, farm software, new dairy shed, and health detection system. SmaXtec Paul Palmer of Hatchlands Farm explains: beds and feed space, calf shed, cow flow and the widening of alleys. was installed in September 2017; just “Of all the low cost improvements that we St David’s Farm Practice in partnership with Mole Valley Farmers molecarevetservices.com Should I worry about Johne's? Krzysztof Reich MRCVS, Molecare Veterinary Services It has been almost five Understanding the spread of Johne’s years since The National Johne’s Management Plan disease between animals commenced. FAECES What is Johne’s? INFECTED COW COLOSTRUM Johne’s disease is a bacterial infection caused by mycobacterium avium MILK paratuberculosis (MAP). It targets the intestine, causing significant economic impact in affected dairy herds. A big Johne's disease infection is mainly caused by calves ingesting faeces through challenge is the disease’s subclinical contaminated bedding, udders, teats or dirty buckets of colostrum or milk. component – so affected animals are Much less commonly, the disease can be acquired in the womb or later in life. infectious, but difficult to diagnose. Some animals shed bacteria long 80% of Johne's Disease infections occur within the first month of life before they show up on diagnostic tests as infected. The economic impact of Johne’s is more than just the clinical cases. Milk yield losses can be as high as 25%. These cows are also more susceptible to other conditions, eg high cell counts, lameness and infertility, which all have a negative economic impact. The symptoms, which come from the effect that Johne’s has on the intestines, appear gradually and are more often found in older animals. Typically scour results in dehydration and weight loss. This progresses to emaciation and eventually death, although most animals are culled before this stage. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment, therefore culling plays a major part in disease control. Calves are particularly susceptible Johne’s Management Plan on your and infection is often acquired Six control strategies farm, with your vet, which considers all through milk and colostrum. The The following should be the risks appropriate for your particular bacteria are shed in faeces, so implemented with the guidance of set up, is vital. If you are purchasing infection can be transferred directly a vet, to suit individual systems. stock, it is imperative that you review and ingested. Using milk replacers the overall status of the herd you 1. Identify infected animals helps to reduce the spread of Johne’s. plan to buy from (remember, young 2. Improve biosecurity Avoid grazing young-stock on fields animals may test negative for Johne’s where slurry has been applied. 3. Improve management practices disease despite being infected.) Replacement breeding stock often 4. Culling, an important tool www.actionjohnesuk.org introduces the disease. 5. Use a terminal sire Developing and implementing a 6. Vaccination. For more information, please contact Molecare Veterinary Services on 01392 872934 or visit molecarevetservices.com Molecare News - Spring/Summer 2019 Moletech will help you with: • Increasing conception rates • Detecting cows in calf HerdInsights: “Heat detection system • Reducing the use of antibiotics helped me achieve my goal” • Increasing milk production • Improved return on investment That’s what the HerdInsights system gives William O’Brien me. Co. Waterford, Ireland When I started this project I would definitely have said the biggest benefit Herd size: 181 is labour. But now, I would easily say the Number of collars: 181 biggest benefits are financial. My culling Yield: 7,000 Litres figures are way down - before they were in the early 20’s. This year, out of 180 cows, William explained the issues he only 10 are not in calf. was having: I am also getting my cows back out to “Our heat detection rates were decent grass a lot quicker. I had 30 cows calf in enough, until I took the decision to May of last year. This year dried off as usual increase my herd size to over 180 cows. on 1st December and 80% will calve fine I had been tail painting and all of a within a six week period. In addition, I rear sudden I was going from a long calving calves and as season straight into monitoring for heat anyone will tell detection. The amount of labour it was you, there is a consuming was becoming uneconomical huge difference and unrealistic. between calves born in early I now have more cows calving. Last year I February to had a lot of stragglers. This year my full herd those born in is on the system and my bull will be with the late May.” cows for a month less. It’s as simple as this; for a cow to make money, I need her in calf and back out on grass as soon as possible. SmaXtec is an “early warning system” for Devon dairy “There’s a lot it shows Paul Doble you without actively Collard Hill Farm, Devon looking at the cow.