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Printed Flexible Antenna for Energy Harvesting Do Hanh Ngan Bui Printed flexible antenna for energy harvesting Do Hanh Ngan Bui To cite this version: Do Hanh Ngan Bui. Printed flexible antenna for energy harvesting. Optics / Photonic. Université Grenoble Alpes, 2017. English. NNT : 2017GREAT062. tel-01721461 HAL Id: tel-01721461 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01721461 Submitted on 2 Mar 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THÈSE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE LA COMMUNAUTE UNIVERSITE GRENOBLE ALPES Spécialité : Optique et Radiofréquences Arrêté ministériel : 25 mai 2016 Présentée par Do Hanh Ngan BUI Thèse dirigée par Philippe BENECH Professeur, Université Grenoble-Alpes et codirigée par Tan-Phu VUONG, Professeur, Grenoble INP, et Jacques VERDIER, Maître de conférences, INSA de Lyon préparée au sein du Laboratoire IMEP-LAHC dans l'École Doctorale Électronique, Électrotechnique, Automatique et Traitement du signal (EEATS) Antennes souples imprimables pour la récupération d’énergie de champs électromagnétiques ambiants Thèse soutenue publiquement le 25 Octobre 2017, devant le jury composé de : M. Bruno ALLARD Professeur, INSA de Lyon, Président M. Ke WU Professeur, Polytechnique Montréal, Rapporteur M. Laurent CIRIO Professeur, Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, Rapporteur Mme. Valérie VIGNERAS Professeur, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Examinatrice M. Philippe BENECH Professeur, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Membre M. Tan-Phu VUONG Professeur, Grenoble INP, Membre M. Jacques VERDIER Maître de conférences, INSA de Lyon, Membre M. Emmanuel DREINA Docteur, Schneider Electric, Membre M. Gael DEPRES Docteur, Arjowiggins, Membre Remerciements Le travail de thèse a été financé par la région Auvergne Rhône-Alpes dans le cadre du projet ARC4-Energies. Ces travaux de thèse ont été réalisés aux Laboratoire IMEP LAHC à Grenoble et aux Laboratoire AMPERE à Lyon et rattaché à l’Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble. Je tiens à remercier Monsieur Bruno Allard, Professeur de INSA de Lyon, pour l’intérêt porté à mes travaux et m’avoir fait honneur de présider le jury de ma thèse. J’adresse toute ma connaissance à Monsieur Ke Wu, Professeur à Université Polytechnique Montréal – Canada et Monsieur Laurent Cirio, Professeur à Université Paris- Est Marne-la-Valée, qui ont cordialement accepté d’être rapporteurs de ce travail. Un très grand merci à Madame Valérie Vigneras, professeuse à l’Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Monsieur Emmanuel Dreina, docteur de Schneider Electric et Monsieur Gael Depres, docteur d’Arjowiggins Creative, pour avoir accepté d’être membre de jury de ma thèse. Je remercie très chaleureusement mes directeurs de thèse, Monsieur Philippe Benech, Professeur à Université Grenoble Alpes, Monsieur Tan-Phu Vuong, Professeur à l’Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble et Monsieur Jacques Verdier, Maître de conférences à INSA de Lyon. Merci beaucoup pour vos conseils précieux, votre soutien, et surtout toute la confiance que vous avez su m’accorder. J’adresse mes sincères remerciements à Monsieur Nicolas Corrao, Responsable de la plate-forme de caractérisation Hyperfréquences pour m’aider de réaliser les circuits et les mesures. Je tiens à remercier Monsieur Xavier Mescot, Responsable de la plate-forme de caractérisation électrique et physique pour votre aide de mettre à disposition du matériel et les explications techniques. Je tiens également à remercier Monsieur Antoine Pisa, technicien à Phelma, pour votre aide de fabriquer les circuits, toujours dans le meilleur délai. Merci à tous les membres de l’IMEP-LAHC, en particulier mes collègues pour tous vos aides, vos encouragements et le temps qu’on a passé ensemble. Enfin, je tiens à remercier ma famille et mes chers amis qui m’ont encouragé durant toutes ces années. Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 13 1. State of the art ................................................................................................................................................ 17 1.1 Solutions of energy harvesting ................................................................................................................ 17 1.1.1 Ambient energy harvesting ............................................................................................................... 17 1.1.2 Promising frequencies for ambient RF energy harvesting ................................................... 18 a. Limitation standard ..................................................................................................................... 19 b. Available power densities ......................................................................................................... 20 1.2 Rectenna structures for ambient RF energy harvesting ............................................................ 21 1.2.1 Techniques to increase RF-to-DC conversion efficiency of rectenna ............................... 22 a. Nonlinear device choices ........................................................................................................... 22 b. Circuit topologies choices ......................................................................................................... 24 c. Harmonic termination techniques ........................................................................................ 25 d. Impedance matching ................................................................................................................... 26 1.2.2 Techniques to increase the harvested power ............................................................................ 28 a. Combining techniques ................................................................................................................ 28 b. Single-frequency: Multiple antennas in RF-combiner configuration ...................... 29 c. Single-frequency: Multiple antennas in DC-combiner configuration ..................... 30 d. Single-frequency: Multi-input of an antenna in DC-combiner configuration ...... 31 e. Multi-frequency: Multiple single-band antennas and single-tone rectifiers ....... 32 f. Multi-frequency: Wideband/Multiband antenna and single-tone rectifiers ....... 33 g. Multi-frequency: Wideband/Multiband antenna and multi-tone rectifier .......... 34 1.3 Flexible antenna in energy harvesting system ............................................................................... 36 1.3.1 Antenna using flexible material ....................................................................................................... 36 a. Textile material ............................................................................................................................. 36 b. Paper-based and polymer-based material ......................................................................... 37 1.3.2 Techniques to increase realized gain of flexible antenna ..................................................... 38 1.3.3 Integration of flexible antenna in energy harvesting system .............................................. 39 1.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................... 43 2. Antenna ............................................................................................................................................................. 45 2.1 Requirements of antenna for ambient energy harvesting ....................................................... 45 2.2 3D flexible multi-band antenna ............................................................................................................... 46 1 2.2.1 Dipole-based antenna .......................................................................................................................... 47 a. Antenna Configuration ............................................................................................................... 47 b. Simulation and measurement results .................................................................................. 48 c. Applying for printed antenna on flexible substrate ....................................................... 53 2.2.2 Coplanar-based antenna ..................................................................................................................... 55 a. Antenna configuration ................................................................................................................ 55 b. Bending and folding analysis ................................................................................................... 58 c. Fabrication and measurement ................................................................................................ 60 d. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 64 2.3 Technique to overcome high-loss substrate ...................................................................................
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