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... The Society for Historical NEWSLETTER NORMAN F. BARKA, Newsletter Editor DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOOY, COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY, WILLIAMSBURG, 23185

Volume 15 Number 1 March 1982

INDEX help. Please continue to send news of your activities and other pertinent information. page The recent growth of historical i archaeology and SHA has been phenomenal. J. EDITOR'S CORNER...... 1 C. Harrington, who played a major role in j 1982 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETING...... 1 the development of our field, probably never I, J.C. HARRINGTON MEDAL...... 14 thought he would attend a conference (as in )' J.C. HARRINGTON .••••••••••••••••••• 14 Philadelphia, 1982) where nearly 750 people 1983 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETING...... 17 came to hear 325 papers on historical PEOPLE YOU SHOULD KNOW...... 19 archaeology I I SHA COMMITTEES •••••••••••••••••••• 20 The immediate future, however, does not EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ••••••••••• 21 look so bright. Bleak economic conditions LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS •••••••••••••••• 22 and the policies of the Reagan BOOK REVIEWS UPDATE •••••••••••••••• 22 administration are beginning to have adverse FIELD SCHOOLS •••••••••••••••••••••• 24 effects on archaeology and historic REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION ••••••••••• 25 preservation. It is essential that SHA UPCOMING CONFERENCES ••••••••••••••• 26 members express their concern to their PAST CONFERENCES ••••••••••••••••••• 26 representatives in Washington. Along these RECENT PUBLICATIONS •••••••••••••••• 27 lines, you are urged to read Marjorie CURRENT RESEARCH ••• ~...... 30 Ingle's Legislative Affairs report in this SPECIAL RESEARCH REPORT •••••••••••• 47 issue of the Newsletter.

EDITOR'S CORNER 1982 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETINGS As the new Newsletter Editor, I wish to The 15th Annual Meeting of the SOCiety first of all express my appreciation to the for Historical Archaeology and the 13th previous editor, Lester A. Ross. Over the Annual Meeting of the Conference on past five years, Les has developed the Underwater Archaeology were held on 7-10 Newsletter into the finest publication of January 1982 at the University Hilton Hotel, its type in archaeology. He can "retire" Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The meetings with the knowledge that he has done an were hosted by the University Museum and "the excellent job. University of Pennsylvania and sponsored by Parks Canada should also be acknowledged the following: City of Philadelphia, for the, tremendous support it has given to University of Pennsylvania, UniverSity Les and previous Canadian editors over the Museum, National Park Service (Mid-Atlantic past thirteen years. Region), Independence National Historical Special thanks should also go to John L. Park, and the Atwater Kent Museum. John L. Cotter who, for, many years gathered news as Cotter and Robert L. Schuyler were General Current Research Coordinator for the Chairmen for the meeting. Northeast. This was the largest SHA/CUA Annual Meet­ I will do my best to maintain the high ing to date, with a total of 743 official standards and informational value of the registrants. Of this total, 507 were Newsletter. However, the Newsletter will regular registrants and 236 were students. I continue to be successful only with your A few statistics on the origins of the registrants who officially attended the - Artifact Distributions at 'Round­ meeting: mid-Atlantic region (313); South­ about' (18ST271): A Case for Plowzone ea.st (86); New England (75); Midwest (58); Archaeology by John P. McCarthy Plains (15); Southwest (28); Texas (26); (Temple University). California (19); Northwest (8); Alaska (6): - Observations on the Settlement Pat­ Hawaii (2); Canada (52): Europe (5): Latin terning of 17th Century Sites in the America (4). Chesapeake RegiOn by Wayne Clark The Program consisted of 50 Sessions (38 ( Historical Trust) and SHA and 12 CUA) and 325 papers were given. Michael Smolek (Southern Maryland The following listing of papers is provided Regional Preservation Center). for our members who were unable to attend - Toward the Archaeological Study of the conference. It should be noted that Past Landscapes: An Exhortation by this listing follows the program as pub­ Garry W. Stone (St. Mary's City Com­ lished, and includes some papers which were mission) • not delivered, excluding those which were - 'A Fairly Large Village': Settlement last minute substitutions. Pa t terns a t Governor's Land, Near Jamestown, Virginia by Alain C. (1) SHA/CUAJoint Keynote Session: His­ Outlaw (Virginia Research Center for torical Archaeology and the Other Dis­ Archaeology). ciplines - Discovering a 17th Century Village: - Somerville: Archaeology of a Coal Excavations in St. Mary's City, Mining Community by James Deetz (Uni­ Maryland by Henry M. Miller and versity of California, Berkeley). Alexander H. Morrison III (St. - St. Clair: Ethnohistory of a Coal Mary's City Commission). Mining Community by Anthony F. C. - Spatial Distributions at Drayton Wallace (University of Pennsyl­ Hall Plantation by Lynne G. Lewis vania) • (National Trust for Historic Preser­ - Social of Afro-Americans by vation). Herbert G. Gutman (CUNY). - Landscape as Artifact: Spatial - Archaeology of Afro-Americans by Dimensions of Monticello by Douglas Charles Fairbanks (University of W. Sanford (Thomas Jefferson Me­ Florida. morial Foundation). Society for Historical Archaeology Ses­ (3) CURRENT RESEARCH ON HISTORICAL PROB­ sions: LEMS IN THE 19th CENTURY MIDWEST organized by Frederick W. Lange (2) EXPLORING THE SPATIAL DIMENSION OF HIS­ (Illinois State University). TORIC SITES organized by Henry M. - Old Davidsonville: A Look at Frontier Miller (St. Mary's City Commission). Life in Arkansas (1815-1829) by Shawn

SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWSLETTER

Published Quarterly in March, Juna, October, and Decembar. Subscription Rat.. : Individual Habera $20.00 US Institutional M_ara $40.00 US

Newa1etter Editor: Norman F. Barka

Special News Editors: lecent Publicationa: Scott L. Carpenter Lelia1ative New.: Marjorie Ingle

Current Research Editors: Northeast: Mary C. Beaudry Northweat: Roderick Spralue Canada - Prairie: Peter J. Priess Southea.t: Kathleen A. Dealan Pacif1c West: Paul J. F. Sch.... cher Canada - Western: Donald Steer Gulf State.: Anne A. Fox Southwest: J .... E. Ayres Ceribbean: David R. Watters Midwest: Charles E. Cleland Cenada - Atlantic: Birlitta Wallace Underwater: Robert Grenier Central Plaina: Robert T. Bray Canada - Quebec: Pierre Nadon Northern Plains & Canada - Ontario: Kadi. Kark1ina Mountain States: Gsrvey C. Wond

Editorial Addre.s: Society for H1etorica1 Archaeo1olY Newal.tter, Department of Anthropology, Colle.e of William and Mary, Willi.. sbutg, Virlinia 23185

BuBine.. Address: (new .uhcriptions, changes of addres., subscription fulfillment matters): Circulation Department, Society for Historical Archaeo1olY, 1703 New H.. pshire Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20009

Copyright 1982 Soci.ty for Hi.torica1 ArchasololY all rilhta r.~.rved

2 j Bonath (Illinois State University). - New Insights into Glass Container - Interpreting the "Root Cellar" Site Classifications by Ronald W. Deiss and its Relationship to the Eigh­ (Illinois State University). teenth Century Mansion and Forecourt - Summary and Comparison of Seven His­ at Shirley Plantation by Judith A. toric Sites Affected by the FA1-270 Habicht (Harvard University). in the American Bottom Region of - Slave and Tenant Farmers at Shirley Southwestern Illinois by Mark E. Plantation by Genevieve Leavitt Esarey (Illinois State University). (College of William and Mary/Uni­ - Rock Island Arsenal: A Military versity of Arizona). Industrial Complex on the - World War II Shirley by Susan Jolley Mississippi: An Archeological, His­ (University of Delaware). torical, and Architectural Overview - Shirley Plantation: Documentation, by Frederick W. Lange, Titus M. Informants, and the Archaeology by Karlowicz, Henry Moy (Illinois State Theodore R. Reinhart (College of University). William and Mary). - Definition of a Pike County (Illinois) Folk Building Tradition (6) HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY WEST OF THE BLUE by Floyd R. Mansberger (Illinois RIDGE: A REGIONAL EXAMPLE FROM ROCK­ State University). BRIDGE COUNTY, VIRGINIA organized by - The Red House Site (11-St-162): A Lawrence E. Babits (Washington and Lee Small 19th Century Euro-American University). Farmstead by Joseph S. Phillippe - Historic Site Research at the Under­ (Illinois State University). graduate Teaching Institution by - 19th Century Euro-American John McDaniel (Washington & Lee Settlement Processes: Three Illinois University). Examples by Charles R. Smith - History of Rockbridge County As Lived (Illinois State University). and Written by Parker Potter (Brown University). (4) POWER, CLASS AND CONFLICT: NEW - Survey and Sampling Procedures by Jim APPROACHES IN ARCHAEOLOGY organized by Adams (Washington & Lee University). William Askins, Roselle Henn, Jed Levin - Archaeological Interpretation of (CUNY). Western Rockbridge County, Virginia - Archaeology and Class Society by Jed by Michael Gregory (Washington & Lee Levin (CUNY). University) • - Elites and Extinction in Norse - 'Log Cabins' and Other Structures in Greenland by Thomas McGovern (CUNY). the Lower Shenandoah Valley by L. E. - The Changing Role of the Household in Babits, William Cole (Washington & Industrial America by Roselle Henn Lee University). (CUNY) • - Kinship and Land Pattern Usage in - Modes of Production and New England Rockbridge County, Virginia by Henry Farmsteads by Robert Paynter (Uni­ Langhorn (Washington & Lee Univer­ versity of Massachusetts, Amherst). sity) • - Ethnicity as Process by William - Slavery and Census Data from Rock­ Askins (CUNY). bridge County, Virginia by Goeff Sisk - Discussants: Robert L. Schuyler (Washington & Lee University). (University of PA) and Herbert G. - Site Representation in The "Real Gutman (Graduate Center, CUNY). World" of the Past: Account Book Archaeology by David Bowen (5) SHIRLEY PLANTATION: PREHISTORIC TO (Washington & Lee University). PRESENT organized by Dr. Theodore R. - Historical Archaeology and The Reinhart (College of William and Mary). Analysis of a Region by L. E. Babits - An Overview of the Phenomenon of the (Washington & Lee University). Plantation Institution by Michelle - Discussants: Mark P. Leone (Univer­ McVadon. sity of Maryland) and Marley Brown - Early Shirley, The Prehistory of (Colonial Williamsburg). Shirley Plantation by Michael W. Morris (University of Tennessee). (7) CEMETERIES IN CONTEXT organized by Elizabeth A. Crowell (University of Pa.) • 3 - Cemeteries in the Cultural Land­ west by Julia Longenecker (Univer­ scape: An Example from the Desert sity of Idaho and Darby Stapp (Uni­ West by Robert L. Schuyler (Univer­ versity of Pa.). sity of Pa.). - Ethnicity in the Graveyard by Conrad (9) RECENT HISTORICAL SITE ARCHEOLOGICAL M. Goodwin (College of William and RESEARCH IN THE POTOMAC VALLEY orga­ M8ry) • nized by Douglas C. Comer (National - Cape May: Uncarved Images and Migra­ Park Service). tory Gravestones, Problems in - Arlington House: Particular Aspects Cemetery-Gravestone Studies by of Elite Material Culture by John F. Elizabeth A. Crowell (University of Pousson (National Park Service). Pa.) • - Matildaville: An 18th Century - Cross-Cultural Variation in Modern Industrial Community by Herbert C. Cemetery Assemblages by Edwin S. Fisher, Charles C. Troup. Dethlefsen (College of William and - Problems and Prospects in the Use of Mary) • Osteological Materials in Historic - Discussant: James Deetz (University Sites Archaeology by Paul Y. Inashima of California). (National Park Service). - Archeological Excavations at Site (8) ARCHAEOLOGY OF HISTORIC TECHNOLOGY IN 18FR320 Catoctin Furnace, Maryland NORTH AMERICA organized by Lester A. by Alex H. Townsend. Ross (Parks Canada). - Metallurgical Analysis of Iron from - The Archaeology of Historic Tech­ Catoctin, Maryland by Helen Schenck nology in North America: Intro­ (MASCA, University of Pa.). ductory Remarks by Lester A. Ross - Barry's Farm: Archaeology of A Black (Parks Canada). Freedmen's Bureau Settlement by - Site Definition in Large-scale Elizabeth W. Anderson. Industrial Communities by Edward F. - The Maryland Coal Region Archeo­ Heite logical Project: Historic Sites of - The Archaeological Analysis of Pre­ the Upper Potomac River Basin by Ken Industrial Revolution Blacksmith Lacoste (Maryland Geological Shops by John D. Light (University of Survey) • Western Ontario). - Damariscove, An Island to Make Fish (10) URBAN ARCHAEOLOGY IN CHARLESTON, SOUTH On: Being an Approach to Studying the CAROLINA organized by E. Harold Early Permanent Fishing Settlements (Charleston Museum), T. A. Singleton in Maine by Alaric Faulkner (Univer­ (The College of Charleston) sity of Maine). - A Plan for Preservation and Recovery - A Brick and Tile Kiln in Alto of Archaeological Resources in California by Julia G. Costello (Uni­ Charleston, S.C. by Martha A. Zierden versi ty of California, Santa (Charleston Museum). Barbara) • - Archaeological Research at the - Technological Sys'tems on the Nevada Heywood-Washington House Site, Mining Frontier by Donald L. Hardesty Charleston, South Carolina by Elaine (University of Nevada, Reno) and B. Herold (Charleston Museum). Sharon Edaburn (Churchill County - Patterning in the Archaeological Museum) • Record: Results from Charleston by - A Dirty Business: Charcoal Making by Nicholas Henerkamp, R. Bruce William G. Btickles (University of Council, and Elizabeth Will (Univer­ Southern Colorado). sity of Tennessee-Chattanooga). - The Archaeological Study and Inter­ - Historic Dietary Patterns on the pretation of Western Railroads by Southeastern Coastal Plain by Sharon L. Edaburn ( Churchill Elizabeth J. Reitz (University of County) • Georgia) and Nicholas Hanberkamp - Nineteenth-Century Development of (University of Tennessee­ the North American Meat Industry and Cha t tanooga) • the Shift from Local to Non-local - Ceramic Stylistic Variations Market Systems in the Pacific North- Recovered from Charleston by Theresa

4 A. Singleton (The College of by Theresa A. Singleton (College of Charleston) • Charleston) • (11) FAUNAL, FLORAL, AND HUMAN SKELETAL (13) ARCHAEOLOGY OF HISTORIC TECHNOLOGY IN ANALYSES IN HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY NORTH AMERICA organized by Lester A. organized by Pam Jean Crabtree (Univer­ Ross (Parks Canada). sity of Pa.). - Archaeological Assessment of the - Fish Scales in Archaeology: A Me­ Quality of Labor in Early American thodological Approach by David A. Glass Factories by Frederick J. E. Singer (U. of Massachusetts, Gorman (Boston University). Boston). System and Technological Process: - Medieval and Early Modern London: The Evolution and Decline of a 19th The Contribution of Documentary and Century Ceramics Manufactory by Pictorial Sources to Archaeo­ Robert Fryman and Gregory M. Shreve zoological Research by Philip L. (Kent State University). Armitage (British Museum). Power Transmission Technology: A - St. Albans Abbey and Romeland: The Case Study in Reconstructing Complex Archaeozoology of Two Medieval Sites Systems by Theodore Z. Penn (Old in Eastern England by Pam Jean Sturbridge Village). Crabtree (University of Pa.). Modeling Sixteenth-Century Spanish - History, Archaeology, and Skeletons: Basque Coopering Technology: A Case Study in Cultural Change by Adapting Schiffer's 'Flow Model for Caroline M. Stuckert (University of Durable Elements' for Complex Pa.) • Industries by Lester A. Ross (Parks - Zooarchaeology and Paleoeconomy in Canada) • Norse Greenland by Thomas McGovern Re-creating Low Technology in a (Hunter-CUNY). Living History Laboratory by John - The Spatial Organization of Animal Worrell (Old Sturbridge Village). Management on the Estates of Peter­ borough Abbey (England) 1100-1350 ( 14) RECENT HISTORICAL SITE ARCHEOLOGICAL A.D. by Kathleen Biddick (Toronto, RESEARCH IN THE POTOMAC VALLEY orga­ Pims) • nized by Douglas C. Comer (National - Seed Analysis in Historic Sites Park Service). Archaeology by Roberta Zullick - Excavations at E. C. Lawrence Park, Taylor (Temple University). Fairfax County, Virginia by Ed - Toward a More Holistic Perspective in Chatelain (Fairfax Co. Archeological Historic Sites Faunal Analysis by Survey) • Sharon Burnston (Temple University). - Ferry Hill. A Case Study in His­ torical Archaeology by Robin D. Ziek (12) THE USES OF HISTORY, ETHNOHISTORY AND (National Park Service). HISTORICAL ARCHEOLOGY FOR THE INVESTI­ - Archaeology at Harper's Ferry GATION OF AFRO-AMERICAN SITES orga­ National Historical Park, West nized by John R. Kern (Commonwealth Virginia by Scott Carpenter Assoc., Inc.). (National Park Service). - History, Archeology and the Transi­ - A Typology of 19th Century Buttons tion from Slavery to Tenancy in From Harper's Ferry National His­ Northeastern Mississippi by Ira torical Park, W. Virginia by Berlin (University of Maryland). Catherine Blee (National Park Ser­ - Reconstructing the Lives of Ordinary vice). People: A Study in the Ethno­ - Historic Sites on the Battlefield of historical Method by Eleanor M. Manassas by Thomas McGarry (National Ramsey (University of California, Park Service). Berkeley) • - Digging for Roots: Recent Slave Site (15) THE TOMBIGBEE HISTORIC TOWNSITES PRO­ Archeology in Virginia by William M. JECT: A PROGRESS REPORT ON THIRD PHASE Kelso (Th. Jefferson Mem. Found.). INVESTIGATIONS organized by W. Lee - The Role of Oral and Documentary Minnerly and Charles E. Cleland Sources in Afro-American Archeology (Michigan State University).

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- Archaeological Mitigation at Barton, logical Program: Alexandria's Mississippi: A Descriptive Summary Experience by Vivienne Mitchell of Methods and Results by W. Lee (Alexandria Archaeological Research Minnerly (Michigan State Univer­ Center) • sity) • - Volunteers and Historical - A Progress Report on the Tombigbee Archaeology A Volunteer's View by Historic Townsites Field Laboratory Eugenia Luckman (Alexandria Archaeo­ by Robert Sonderman (Michigan State logical Research Center). University). - Volunteers in the Laboratory: How to - Large Scale Archaeomagnet1c Survey: Study Two Million Artifacts in Less A Preliminary Evaluation of Results than a Lifetime by Barbara H. Magid from the Barton Townsite by Randall (Alexandria Archaeological Research J. Mason (Michigan State Univer­ Center) • sity) • - What Did Alexandrians Put on their - The Economics of the Diffusion of Plates? by Richard Wheeler, Peggy Material Culture on the Late 19th Weiss (Alexandria Archaeological Century Vinton Townsite: A Quali­ Research Center). tative Approach by Charles E. Cleland - Keeping the Public Informed: Some (Michigan State University). Means of. Disseminating Archaeo­ logical Information by Steven J. (16) 17th CENTURY ENGLISH AND DUTCH MATERIAL Shepard. CULTURE: PROBLEMS IN INTERPRETATION - The Role of the Planner in Community organized by James W. Bradley Archaeology: A Future for the Past by (Massachusetts Hist. Commission). Gail Rothrock. - 17th Century Pemaquid and Its Trade - Volunteers in the Museum: Why Do We Patterns by Neill DePaoli Work So Hard On Our Days Off? by (Massachusetts Hist. Commission). Barbara J. Lumbis. . - A Brief Survey of Selected Items of - Historic Archaeology and the Contem­ Dutch Material Culture of the 17th porary Community by Pamela J. Cressey Century at Fort Orange in Albany, New (Alexandria Urban Archaeology Pro­ York by Paul Huey (New York State gram) • Historic Sites Bureau). - The Material Culture of 17th Century (19) THE YORKTOWN POTTERY FACTORY, VIRGINIA Maryland and Colonial Trade Networks organized by Norman F. Barka (College by Henry Miller (St. Mary's City Com­ of William and Mary). mission) • - Pursuing an Elusive Goal: The Docu­ - Discussant: Barry Kent. mentary Evidence and the Yorktown Pottery Factory by Edward Ayres (17) THE PURPOSE OF ARCHAEOLOGY, VIEWS AND (Flowerdew Hundred Foundation). EXAMPLES organized by John L. Cotter The Site, Kilns, and Structural Evi­ (University of Pa.). dence by Norman F. Barka (College of - An· International View of the Meaning William and Mary). and Purpose of Archaeology by John L. An Analysis of the Yorktown Pottery: Cotter (University of Pa.). A Modern Craftsman's Response by - A Program for Learning: The Heritage Thomas H. Spleth, Thomas J. Roberts, of our Material Culture by Emmanuel Douglas K. Casebeer (New York State M. Kramer (Cheltenham High School). College of Ceramics, Alfred Univer­ - Paper and comments by Stephen sity) • Williams (Harvard University). Ceramic Forms Produced at the York­ town Pottery Factory by Chris (18) ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE COMMUNITY organized Sheridan (College of William and by Pamela J. Cressey (Alexandria Urban Mary) • Archaeology Program). Analysis of Yorktown Pottery Arti­ - Alexandria's Vision of Community facts: Part I - Methods by P. E. Archaeology by Col. Bernard Brenman Johnson, J. R. Varner, V. L. Burdick (Alexandria Archaeological Com­ (New York State College of Ceramics, mission) • Alfred University). - The History of A City's Archaeo- Analysis of Yorktown Pottery Arti-

6 facts: Part II - Results by P. F. Villa: Permutations in House Form Johnson, J. R. Varner, V.L. Burdick and Site Plan Over 120 Years by Texas (New York State College of Ceramics, Anderson (Rice University). Alfred University). ... Foodways of the Elite in the Late Nineteenth Century: The Faunal and (20) CONSERVATION/BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS or­ Floral Evidence from Ashton Villa by ganized by Anne W. H. Garland (College Richard Gregg (Shell Development of William and Mary). Co.) • - Conservation, Education, and - Reflections of Affluence in the Glass Training to Reduce Archeological of Ashton Villa by Shirley Wetzel Costs by Curtis Moyer (College of (Rice University). William and Mary). - Industrial Development in Galveston: Conservation Supplies Needed in the Profile of a Southern Port City, Field by Katherine Singley (Univer­ 1850-1880 by Roger Moore (Rice Uni­ sity of South Carolina). versity). Put Your Artifacts 'On Hold'? - Archeology in the Public Eye: The Realistic ideas for Minimizing Public Relations Aspect of the Ashton Damage Until Budget Levels Allow for Villa Project by Pam Wheat (River Conservation Programs... .Again! Oaks School). by Nancy Demyttenarrae Radiographic Assessment of Archaeo­ (23) THE ARTIFACT AS SIGN: THE MATERIAL logical Collections for Conservation WORLD OF THOMAS MENDENHALL organized by by Anne W. H. Garland (College of Bernard L. Herman (University of Dela­ William and Mary). ware) Raise a Cannon and Sink Your and - Papers by: Budget into Conservation by Roni Sue Bernard L. Herman (University of Hinote.• Delaware) Diane Douglas (University of (21) ALTERNATIVE ECONOMIC STRATEGIES IN Delaware) RURAL NEW ENGLAND organized by Patricia Dean E. Nelson (Del. Div. of E. Rubertone and Joan Gallagher (Brown Museums) Uni versi ty) • - Industrial Evolution: The Persis­ (24) CURRENT RESEARCH I tence of Economic Patterns in Norton, - The Development of a Socio-Economic Massachusetts by Joan Gallagher Urban Community Model by Suzanne (Brown University). Spencer-Wood and Richard Julian - Forest Industries and Rural-Urban Riley (University of Massachusetts). Exchange Patterns by Patricia E. - The Social and Economic Dynamics of Rubertone and Peter F. Thorbahn Property-Holding and Property-Trans­ (Brown University). mission: A Key to Understanding For­ - Ceramic Production in the Exchange mation Process in Historical Network of an Agricultural Neigh­ Archaeology by Steven Mrzowski borhood by John Worrell (Old Stur­ (Brown University) and Marley Brown, bridge Village). III (Colonial Williamsburg). - Frontier Patterns and Regional Industrialization or Preservation: Economics on Outer Cape Cod by A Compromise or Dilemma in American Patricia E. Rubertone and Peter F. Archaeology by John White Thorbahn (Brown University). (Youngstown State University). - Rural Coastal Modes of Exchange: In - The Drax Hall Slave Settlement: An the Wake of the Coasters by Leonard Archaeological Investigation of W. Loparto (Brown University). Slave Culture on Jamaican Plantation - Discussant: Robert Paynter (Univer­ by Douglas V. Armstrong (University sity of Massachusetts, Amherst). of California, Los Angeles). - Historical and Archaeological Sites (22) URBAN ARCHEOLOGY ON THE UPPER TEXAS in View of the Environmental Impact GULF COAST organized by Texas Anderson Statement by Charles C. Kolb (Behrend (Rice University). College, Pennsylvania State Univer­ - The Walls and Walkways of Ashton sity).

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- Archaeological Survey of the English Southwestern Ontario 1814-1867 by Set tlements of Port Royal, Roa tan Ian Kenyon (Ontario Ministry of Cul­ Island, Honduras by J. David McBride ture and Recreation) and Thomas (Louisiana State University). Kenyon (Ontario Archaeological - Microcomputers: State of the Art Society). Methods for Archaeologists by E. F. - Artifact Volume: A Behaviorally Heite, L. B. Heite (Camden, Dela­ Significant Dimension of Cultural ware). Residues by Conrad Jay Bladey (National Park Service). (25) STRUCTURAL APPROACHES TO ARCHAEOLOGY: ARE THEY POSSIBLE? organized by Anne (27) INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY organized by Yentsch (University of Maryland). Joseph Hall, IV - Discovering Kinship in Historic - Wrought-Iron Tombstones of Western America: Structuralism, Archaeo­ PA by Thomas J. Hannon (Slippery Rock logical History, and Myth by Russell College) • G. Handsman (American Indian - The LaMoine Lumber & Trading Company: Archaeological Institute). An Archaeologist Looks at History by - Can You Dig Levi-Strauss? Re-exami­ Trudy Vaughan. nation and a New Analysis of the - Historical and Industrial Structuralist Paradigm by Peter Archaeology in a Communal Society: Schmidt (Brown University). Canterbury Shaker Village by David R. - Excavating Documents by Mary C. Starbuck (University of New Beaudry (Boston University). Hampshire). - The Mind in Artifact by Henry Glassie - Archaeological Implications for (University of Pennsylvania). Locating and Identifying Portable - Structuralism vs. Critical Theory in Sawmill Sites: A Model Derived from Historical Archaeology by Mark P. Ethnohistorical Data in S.E. Mass. by Leone (University of Maryland). Brona G. Simon (Brown University). - Discussant, James Deetz (University - Exploring Buried Buxton: Archaeo­ of California, Berkeley). logical Investigations of an Aban­ doned, Early 20th Century Coal Mining (26) MATERIAL CULTURE STUDIES organized by Town in Southern Iowa by David Brooks S. Blades (National Park Ser­ Gradwohl and Nancy Osborn (Iowa State vice). University) • - The Very Latest Rage: Design Trends - Results of Archaeological Investi­ in Twentieth Century Ceramics by ga t at Thomas Edison's Boyhood Priscilla Wegars and Caroline D. Home by Richard B. Stamps (Oakland Carley (University of Idaho). University). - Glimpses of The Yellow Brick Road, - Harrison Brothers Chemical Company Views from the Enchanted Forest (17th in Philadelphia by W. S. Zimmt Century Ft. Orange) by Joseph Sopko - Historical and Industrial Sites in (New York State Office of Parks and Southeast Trenton: Archaeological Recreation). Survey in Advance of 1-95, 1-295, - A Study of Refuse Disposal at the NJ29 by Richard W. Hunter and Richard Jenkins Site in Southern Illinois by L. Porter (Louis Berger & Associ­ Terry J. Powell (American Resources ates). Group Ltd.). - A Revised Temporal Context for Thir­ (28) RECENT HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL teen Star Patriotic Style White Clay RESEARCH IN PHILADELPHIA organized by Pipes by Dean L. Anderson (Michigan Alex H. Townsend (John Milner Assoc.) State University). and Michael Parrington (University of - Some Comments on Ceramic Usage in Pennsylvania) • Rural Southeastern Pennsylvania - The History and Archaeology of Phila­ During the Nineteenth Century by delphia Roads and Streets by Michael David G. Orr, Douglas V. Campana and Parrington (Uni versi ty of Pennsyl­ Brooke S. Blades (National Park Ser­ vania) • vice). - Nineteenth Century Transfer-Printed - Social Dimensions of Ceramic Use in Earthenware as a Mass Media: 1820-

8 1850 by Betty Cosans (John Milner on Settlement Pattern in 19th-Cen­ Associates). tury pelaware by Susan L. Henry (Del. - Archeological Excavations at the Dept. of Trans.) and Alice H. Pennsylvania Hospital by Barbara Guerrant (Del. Bureau of Arch. & Liggett (Atwater-Kent Museum). Hist. Pres.). - Archaeology and the Philadelphia - Historic Settlement Patterns on Center City Commuter Tunnel by Alex Maryland's Eastern Shore by Thomas E. H. Townsend (John Milner Associ­ Davidson (Salisbury State College). ates) • - The Land of Pleasant Living: A Study - The Manning Street Si te Phila­ of Historic Settlement on the delphia: An Urban Case Study by Virginia Eastern Shore by J. Mark Douglas Compana and Brooke Blades Wittkofski (Virginia Research Center (National Park Service). for Archaeology). (29) VIRGINIA'S STATEWIDE PROGRAM IN HIS­ (31) HISTORICAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHES TORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY organized by Alain TO SAINT EUSTATIUS, NETHERLANDS C. Outlaw (Virginia Research Center for ANTILLES organized by Edwin S. Archaeology). Dethlefsen (College of William and - Virginia's Underwater Archaeology Mary) • Program by John D. Broadwater - A Preliminary Archaeological Survey (Virginia Research Center for and Assessment of the Land Resources Archaeology). of St. Eustatius, Netherlands - River Creek and Bennet Farm: A Case Antilles by Jay B. Haviser (Florida Study in Salvage Archaeology by Division of Archaeology & History) Nicholas M. Luccketti (Virginia and Stephen J. Gluckman (University Research Center for Archaeology). of South Florida). - Historical Archaeology Programs of - The SystemiCS of Dutch Trade with the the Virginia Historic Landmarks Com­ English in the Leewards, 1669-1700: mission's Research Center for An Historical Aid for Predictive Archaeology by Alain Outlaw Modeling by Anne W. Garland (College (Virginia Research Center for of William and Mary). Archaeology). - Historical Archaeology of Saint - Digging Urban History in Virginia: Eustatius, 1981 by Norman F. Barka Or, Can the State of Williamsburg, (College of William and Mary). Jamestown, and Thomas Jefferson Find - The Underwater Survey of St. Meaning in its 19th Century City Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles by Sites? by Pamela J. Cressey, John F. Ken Hardin and Stephen J. Gluckman Stephens (Alexandria Archaeological (University of South Florida). Research Center). - What Were the Questions? Historical - City and Commonwealth: A Mutual Com­ Summary and Archaeological Implica­ mittment to Urban Archaeological tions by Edwin Dethlefsen (College of Preservation by Pamela J. Cressey and William and Mary). John F. Stephens (Alexandria The Physical and Historical Geo­ i Archaeological Research Center). graphic Setting of Galways Sugar Plantation, Montserrat, West Indies ! (30) HISTORIC SETTLEMENT PATTERN IN THE by Lydia M. Pulsipher (University of DELMARVA PENINSULA organized by Susan Tennessee, Knoxville). L. Henry (Del. Dept. of Trans.). - The Galways Archaeology Project by I - Historic Archaeology on a Regional Conrad M. Goodwin (College of William Scale: A Research Approach by Susan and Mary). L. Henry (Del. Dept. of Trans.). Penn's Lower Counties: Mercantile­ (32) GLASS CONTAINERS: TECHNOLOGY, FUNC­ Rural Dichotomy in Settlement Pat­ TION, AND TRADE NETWORKS organized by terning in 18th-Century Delaware by Sherene Baugher-Perlin (New York City Alice H. Guerrant (Delaware Bureau of Landmarks Commission). Archaeology and Historic Preser­ - Henry Ricketts and his Patent Bottle vation) • Mold by Olive Jones (Parks Canada). Effects of Transportation Variables - Machine-Made Glass Containers and

9 the End Production for Mouth-Blown - Frontier Finance in Early Nineteenth Bottles by George L. Miller (Parks Century Illinois by Barbara E. Cohen Canada) and Catharine Sullivan (Southern Illinois University). (Parks Canada). - The History and Archaeology of the - Impact of Machine Production on Trenton Potteries by Richard Hunter Bottles and Closures: A Case Study of (Louis Berger & Associates) and the Dominion Glass Company, Montreal Robert Hebditch (NYU). by George L. Miller (Parks Canada) and Antony Pacey (Parks Canada). (34) THE CAPABILITIES OF GEOPHYSICAL - Documented in Glass: The Bottle SURVEYS organized by Bruce Bevan Record from Skunk Hollow, a 19th Cen­ (Geosight) and Helen Schench (MASCA, tury Rural Black Community by Joan H. University of Pennsylvania). Geismar (Columbia University). - The Discovery of the Taylor House - A Study of Bottle Glass from Petersburg National Battlefield by Richmondtown, Staten Island: A Study David G. Orr (National Park Service) of Trade Networks and Consumption and Bruce Bevan (Geosight). Patterns by Sherene Baugher-Perlin Sensing Techniques at Colonial Sites (N.Y.C. Landmarks Preservation in the Illinois Country by Melburn D. Commission). Thurman (Old Missouri Research - Glass Containers and Household Level Institute) • Consumption: Three Families in Sandy Digital Enhancement of Ground Pene­ Ground by William Askins ( Ci ty trating Radar Data by Jeff L. Kenyon College/The Graduate Center). (Bureau of Reclamation). - Discussant: Robert L. Schuyler (Uni­ Combined Magentic and Chemical versity of Pennsylvania). Surveys at Fort Kaskaskia and Fort de Chartres, Illinois by John Weymouth (33) CURRENT RESEARCH II organized by John (University of Nebraska) and,William White (Youngstown State University) Woods (South Illinois University). and LuAnn DeCunzo (Uni versi ty of Experimental Survey Techniques for Pennsylvania). Archaeology by Jeffrey C. Wynn (U.S. - Navaho Artifact Assemblages: What is Geological Survey) , Susan I. Versus What Should Be by Cindy L. Sherwood (National Park Service), Myers (Arizona State Univer­ and Charles Henry (U.S. Geological sity/Janus Association). Survey) • - Economics and Ethnicity: An Archaeo­ Interpretation and Field Investi­ logical Perspective on 19th Century gation of Magnetic Survey Data from Paterson, N.J. by LuAnn DeCunzo (Uni­ Barton (22CL807), Mississippi: A versity of Pennsylvania). Preliminary Discussion of Results by - Nineteenth Century Gravestones: Randall J. Mason (Michigan State Image of the Frontier Mentality by University). Denise Jones (University of Pennsyl­ yania) • (35) METHODOLOGY organized by Kan Basalik - The Joachim deBrum House, Likeip (Cultural Heritage Research Services). Atoll, Marshall Islands by Edward B. - Considerations and Problems in The Jelks (Illinois State University). Analysis and Curation of Large - Archaeological Studies of Russian Historic Artifact Assemblages by America: A Delineation of Answered Mark Benton (Carneigie Museum). and Unanswered Research Questions by Settlement in the Ouachita Mts: Timothy L. Dilliplane (Alaska Office Testing A Documentary-Derived Model of History & Archaeology). of Historic Settlement Systems - Reciprocity and the American Development by Roger Moore (Rice Uni­ Frontier: A Proposed Archaeology versity). Model by T. Payne and K. Basalik CuI tural Resource Management and ( CuI tural Heri tage Research Ser­ Contemporary Historiography: A Look vices) • at the Significance of Inter­ - Unearthing Quakertown: The Ini tial disciplinary Research at the Phase by John R. White (Youngstown Sharpley's Bot tom Site, Mississippi State University). and the Millwood Plantation Site,

10 ..

South Carolina by Theodore J. - The Joso Bridge Construction Camp by Karamanski (Loyola University). Priscilla Wegars, Roderick Sprague - The Applicability of Poisson Distri­ (University of Idaho). bution Analysis to Regional Studies in Historical Archaeology by Charles (37) URBAN ARCHAEOLOGY: A MIDDLE ATLANTIC A. Hulse (Michigan State Univer­ EXAMPLE organized by Cara L. Wise (Soil sity). Systems, Inc.) - A Regional Approach to Inventory - Project History, Research Questions Survey: The Hoodoo Mining District, and Model Wilmington Blvd. Project by Idaho by Richard Waldbauer (Univer­ Cara L. Wise (Soil Systems, Inc.). si ty of Idaho). Archaeological Field Methodology by - The Interlaken and Twin Lakes His­ Thomas Ford (Soil Systems, Inc.). toric Districts High Altitude History and Historical Methodology Mitigation - 1982 by Jeff Kenyon by Louise B. Hiete (Soil Systems, (Bureau of Reclamation). Inc.). - Small Samples and Hypotheses Forma­ Analysis of Faunal Remains from the tion in Contract Archaeology: Wilmington Blvd. Project by David Highway Archaeology in Gloucester Clarke (Catholic University). County, N.J. By K. Basalik (Cultural Wilmington Bl vd. Project Coarse Heritage Research Services). Earthenware Analysis by Thomas B. - The Archeological Resource Develop­ Ford, Robert Warnock (Soil Systems, ment Plan by Conrad Jay Bladay Inc.). (National Park Service). Patterning in Urban Sites by Cara L. Wise (Soil Systems, Inc.). (36) CURRENT RESEARCH III organized by Peter Archaeological Investigations of the Bingham Mires (Louisiana Division of Mill Creek (Filbert) Site by Thomas Archaeology). Ford (Soil Systems, Inc.). - Fort Loudon, Tennessee: Report of Excavation by Carl Kuttruff ( 38) COLONIAL ARCHAEOLOGY organized by J. (Tennessee Division of Archaeology). Thibaut (University of Pennsylvania). - Adaption to the Chesapeake: The Evo­ - The Material World of the Continental lution of the Virginia House, 1607- Soldier at Valley Forge by M. 1750 by Gary Wheeler Stone (St. Parrington, J. Thibaut, H. Schenck Mary's City Commission). (University of Pennsylvania). - The Wharves & Warehouses at Straw­ - Triune Symbolism and Georgian Domes­ berry Banke by Faith Harrington (Uni­ tic Architecture by D. W. Ingersoll, verSity of California, Berkeley). Jr. (St. Mary's College of - Fort Independence, South Carolina: Maryland) • Fortified Homesite and Revolutionary - Preliminary Feature Analysis from War Ranger Station by Beverly E. the 1980 Field Excavations of Fort Bastian (Building Conservation Tech­ Loudon, PA by Mark Denton (Carnegie nology). Museum) • - The David Sawyer Site: A Mid-19th - Results from the Excavation of the Century Upland Farmsite in Vermont by Olmstead-Goffe House Site, Ga. 1632- Peter Bingham Mires (Louisiana 1674 by Gray Graffam (Harvard Univer­ Division of Archaeology). sity) • - From Books to Backhoes, Phoenix Rises - Fort Dobbs on the Carolina Frontier Again by Judy L. Brunson (Soil by L. E. Babi ts (Washington & Lee Systems, Inc.). University). - Archaeological Pattern Analysis in - Excavations at South Wingfield Historic Phoenix, Arizona by John Manor, England by T. W. Courtney Lindly and Steadman Upham (Soil Sys­ (Committee for Rescue Archaeology in tems, Inc.). Avon, Gloucestershire and Somerset). - Origins of Urbanism in the American - Urban Archaeology in a Bri tish Southwest: The Archaeology of Colonial Settlement in Ireland, A Phoenix, Arizona by Jeffrey L. (London) Derry Example by Gordon Fine Hantman (Soil Systems, Inc./Arizona (The New University of Ulster). State University). - Pentagoet: A First Look at Acadian

11 r Maine in the 17th Century by Alaric ducts) Flexible Mold Compounds by Faulkner (University of Maine). Lorne D. Murdock & Tom Daley. - Conservation in Vermont by Ken Morris Conference on Underwater Archaeology Ses­ (41) THE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGY OF ST. sions: EUSTATIUS, NETHERLANDS ANTILLES by Stephen J. Gluckman. (39) CURRENT RESEARCH organized by Martin - A Maritime History of St. Eustatius Klein. by Edwin Dethlefsen - The Hollandia Fire Engine by Rex - The Geography and of St. Cowan Eustatius by Francois van der Hoeven - Recent Development and Applications - The Maritime Environment of St. of Remote Sensing for Marine Eustatius by Wil Nagelkerken. Archaeology by Martin Klein. - No Big'Ting: The Lowtech Underwater - New World Export Items from El Nuevo Archaeological Survey of St. Constante by C. Pearson & Eileen Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles by Burdon. Ken Hardin & Stephen J. Gluckman. - Evaluation of a Shipwreck Site in - Underwater Garbology: The St. Utwa Harbor, Kosrai by Toni Carrell. Eustatius Example by Stephen J. - Cartographical Research by Robert F. Gluckman. Marx - Symposium: New Programs in Maritime - A Case Study in the Application of Studies and Underwater Archaeology Technological Historical Analysis of by Gordon P. Watts, Jr. Early Modern Naval Ordnance: The - Varying Approaches to Education in Cannon of the Portuguese Galleon Nautical Archaeology by Paul Santissimo Sacramento, Lost off Hundley. Salvador, Brasil, in 1886 by J. F. - Academic and Research Objectives of a Guilmartin, Jr. New Program in Maritime History and - Search for the U.S.S. Cumberland and Underw.ater Archaeology by Gordon P. the C.S.S. Florida by Sam Margolin. Watts, Jr. - A Roman Helmet from Yassi Ada, Turkey - Underwater Archaeology in by Faith D. Hentschel. Newfoundland - Ten Years of Work by Vernon C. Barber. (40) CONSERVATION organized by Katherine (42) INUNDATED TERRESTRIAL SITES organized Singley. by Reynold J. Ruppe. - Conservation of Marine Artifacts - Geographical Aspects of Ancient from H.M.S. Culloden by Elizabeth Harbor Sites in Southern Spain by O'Donnell. Sherill L. Spaar. Stabilization of the Historic Fabric Underwater Investigations at Dor, of the U.S.S. Cairo by Tom McGrath & Israel, 1981 by Dan McCaslin and Otto Tom Armstrong. Orzech. Replication and Study of Anchors and Underwater Excavations at Sabastos: Other Iron Objects from the Serce The Harbor Complex of Caesarea Mari­ Liman Glass Wreck by Fred tima, Israel by Robert L. Hohlfelder, vanDoorninck John P. Olesen & Avner Raban. The Conservation Facility for the A New World Megalithic Site: Bimini Brown's Ferry Vessel by Katherine by Terry Mahlman & David Zinke Singley. Investigations for Locating The Effect of Pre-freezing on Red Submerged Human Habitat on Beringia Alder from the Hoko River Site by R. by G. D. Sharma. & Lawrence Leney. Geophysical Remote Sensing as an Aid The ICOM Waterlogged Wood Working to Underwater Site Survey by Reynold Group: A Summary of Progress by David J. Ruppe. Grattan. Research Problems of Inland Under­ Underwater Molding Techniques on water Archaeology in Central and Waterlogged Ship's Timbers.Employing Western Europe by Gerard Wilke. Polysulphide Rubber (Smooth-On Pro-

12 (43) EXCAVATION OF A SIXTEENTH CENTURY Merchant Vessel Lost at Trinity, New­ BASQUE WHALING STATION AT RED BAY, foundland by Janette M. Barber. LABRADOR organized by Robert Grenier. - Preliminary Investigation of the Pool Site, Newcastle, New Hampshire (44) MARITIME MUSEUMS AND THE MARITIME by Richard Schuhmann. ARCHAEOLOGIST organized by John O. Sands. (47) CURRENT RESEARCH organized by Victoria Jenssen. (45) MANAGEMENT LEGISLATION organized by J. - The Cayman Islands Maritime Heritage Barto Arnold, III. Survey by Roger C. Smith. - Development of a Preservation Plan Use of Shipwrecks as Indicators of for Virginia's Submerged Cultural Regional Economic Systems: The Lake Resources by John Broadwater Erie Example by C. E. Hamilton - Management of the Monitor National A Spatial Analysis of Lake Superior Marine Sanctuary wi th Opportunities Shipwrecks by Charles A. Hulse. to Develop New Deep Water Excava tions on a Bronze Age Wreck Archaeologic Techniques by Richard Site at Dover by M. Dean. Podgorny. Methodology Employed during Site - UNCLOS III: The ' Archaeological Work on the H.M.S. Culloden by J. E. Objects' Articles by David R. Allguaer & Christine L. Gustafson. Watters. Site Reconstruction and Survey - Platoro Limited, Inc. Vs. The Uniden­ Methodology in the Blackwater tified Remains of a Vessel: Historic Environment by R. J. Anuskiewicz. Preservation Interests Lose Another Excavation and Reconstruction of a Round in Lengthy Treasure-Hunting Nineteenth-Century Timber Dam on the Case by J. Barto Arnold, III. North Carolina Fall Line by Michael - Canadian Legislation Pertaining to W. Corkran. Submerged Heritage Resources by Susan B. M. Langley. (48) SHIP CONSTRUCTION organized by J. - A Perspective on the Status of Ship­ Richard Steffy. wreck Preservation in the United - Flat-Bottomed Barges in the Roman States by Wilburn A. Cockrell. Empire by T. Lehmann. - Isle Royale Shipwreck Management The Early Cycladic Longboat--Again Program: A Pilot Program by Larry by Paul Johnston. Murphy. The Serce Liman 'Glas Wreck' Hull - Post-1900 Shipwrecks: Developing an Reconstruction by J. Richard Steffy. Archaeological Perspective by Dan East African Sewn Boats: The 'Mtepe' Lenihan. by Robert M. Adams. In Consideration of the Overlooked: i (46) THE DEFENCE PROJECT organized by David Ship's Pumps by Tom Oertling. C. Switzer. Archaeology and the Geneology of - History and Goals of the Defence Chesapeake Bay Small Craft by Donald Project by David C. Switzer. G. Shomette. ! - The 1981 Defence Field Season: An The Wreck of the Steamboat South Bend f Overview by William A. Bayreuther. by Steven T. Rogers and Bruce - Penobscott Provenances: The Phantom Thompson. Pyramid by Warren C. Riess. Problems in Archaeological Investi­ - A Sampling of Finds: Collections gation of Pre-Conquest Vessel Types \ Within Collections by Sheli O. Smith. in Middle America by Margaret E. f - Understanding the Structure of the Leshikar. Defence by David B. Wyman. - Documenting the Structure of the (49) FEDERAL-STATE AGENCY COORDINATION I Defence by Peter Hentschel. WORKSHOP organized by Richard Kimmell. - Symposium: Current Research by Alan Albright (50) CURRENT RESEARCH - Diving Suits and Shipwreck Salvage - The Potential for Underwater Prior to 1915 by Zelide Cowan Archaeology in the Mexican Maya Area - Artifacts from an Eighteenth-Century by Elsa Hernandez Pons.

13 r

- Schooners, Steamers and Spilled Cargo: An Underwater Survey of Ft. Ross Cove, California by John W. Foster. - The Siege of Charleston by Clive Cussler, Robert Browning, and Wilson West. '~ .. be.!Jond - A Critique of Computerized Magnetic the strict{y Contour Mapping Programs: Is the historical ... " Planimetric Presentation of Data Valid? by R. J. Anuskiewicz. J. C. Hnrriffjw/t - Castillo Guijarros' Academia, the 1952 U.S. Navy, and the San Diego Commu­ nity Join in the Investigation of a Spanish Fort Site by Roy E. Pattus and James F. Muche.

J.C. HARRINGTON MEDAL IN HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY Remarks made by Bert Salwen at SHA Presentation Ceremony FORT NECESSITY January 7, 1982, Philadelphia The Society for Historical Archaeology has successfully completed its fifteenth year of activity. It has grown to include over 1,800 members. Its journal, Historical Archaeology, now appears twice a year, and both the journal and our quarterly news­ letter contain ample evidence of the vita­ lity of historical archaeology today. It is probably an indication of our maturity that we are becoming increasingly interested in looking back - in examining our own history as both an academic field and a profession. As part of this interest in our growth and achievements, the Execu­ tive Board of SHA decided, last year, to create an.award to nonor those among us who have made particularly significant contri­ butions to the field. It is impossible to consider the beginnings of historical archaeology with­ JEAN CARL HARRINGTON out immediately thinking of one individual, A Founding Pioneer of whose work with historic sites and materials Historical Archaeology extends back almost fifty years, and who (Prepared by George Miller) 11 terally broke archaeological ground for the rest of us. I refer, of course, to Jean Jean Carl Harrington, better known as Carl "Pinky" Harrington. J. C. Harrington or Pinky, is one of the Therefore, the Board felt that it would founding fathers of Historical Archaeology. be appropriate to call our SOCiety's award Probably many of you are wondering how he the J .C. Harrington Medal in Historical got the nickname Pinky. Anyone who has Archaeology. Tonight, we are about to ma~e visited Pinky's excavations will know that the first presentation of the medal - to his complexion becomes a bright pink after J.C. Harrington. The medal being presented being exposed to the sun for a few days. to Pinky tonight is silver. Those in the Pinky was born in Millbrook, Michigan in future will be bronze. October 1901. He took a bachelor's degree

14 in Architecture from the University of the material culture found associated with Michigan in 1924. Between 1932 and 1935 he the sites, Le., archaeology in an anth­ was a graduate student in anthropology at ropological tradi tion and an extention of the University of Chicago and a student of prehistoric techniques into the historic Fay-Cooper Cole. During 1935 he was a period. teaching fellow at the University of One of the problems faced by those doing Chicago, where his future wife, Virginia, historical archaeology in the 1930's was the took a class from him in archaeological lack of acceptance by their prehistoriC field techniques. Pinky's archaeological colleagues, Le., why dig it if it is training, of course, was in prehistory (what already known. While it was perfectly else was there), with excavation experience acceptable to excavate contact sites, the in Missouri, Illinois and Central America in excavation of sites unrelated to native 1936 with the Carnegie Institution expedi­ Americans, was in the eyes of many prehis­ tion. torians, of questionable value. Pinky did It was in 1936 that Pinky was contacted recei ve moral support from the faculty at by the National Park Service and asked if he the Uni versi ty of Chicago, in particular would be interested in running the Fay-Cooper Cole and Robert Redfield. Of excavations at Jamestown. His response was course, Robert Redfield was experiencing that the job was not of particular interest difficulty of his own in having peasants to him. The National Park Service asked him accepted as a worthy area of study by those to submit a statement on the amount of purists who felt that only primitives were salary he would want for considering such a worthy of anthropological study, which might job. Pinky submitted a salary that was $600 have made him more disposed to look on his­ more than he ever thought he would make. torical archaeology with an open mind. Out­ They accepted that salary and Pinky became side of that there was damn little interest involved in historical archaeology. After in historical archaeology until the late 30 years wi th the National Park Service, 1950's. Pinky said he has no regrets about his The academic vacuum in which historical choice. That 1936 salary could not have archaeology developed was also matched by a been too high, for Albert Manucy, an old dearth of references on ceramics, glass, colleague in the Park Service, remembers in tools, buttons, arms and other artifact the 1950's that Pinky said if he ever got to types that we take for granted today. Other $10,000 a year he would retire. missing amenities included calculators, The 1936 research team at Jamestown con­ computers, the xerox machines, and of sisted of J.C. Harrington and Carl Russell course, graduate students to make up for low to run the excavations, an architect, an budgeted projects. Also missing, of course, historian and one museum specialist. In was the whole range of experts that have 1937, Virginia, the future Mrs. Harrington, developed out of historical archaeol~gy. joined the research team as a summer Park Technical site reports on historical Ranger, to present the site to the public sites did not have a market and there was and assist with the archaeology. damn little encouragement to take the James­ Let's consider for a moment what was town reports beyond typed manuscripts. Ir gOing on in historical archaeology in 1936. World War II brought a temporary halt to Colonial Williamsburg, just down the road historical archaeology until 1946. After from Jamestown, had been in the business of the war the field began to progress again. restoring Williamsburg for 10 years by then. All of these limitations meant that At Williamsburg, archaeology consisted of a archaeologists, such as J.C. Harrington, series of diagonal trenches dug across the were very much forced to rely on their own \ various town lots to locate walkways, fence research and very limited encouragement from post holes, roads and outbuildings. outside. For example, the National Park r Williamsburg was in the business of restor­ Service did not publish any of Harrington's ) ing extant buildings and relegated site reports until 1962, just 3 years before archaeology to a very minor role of locating he retired. That did not stop Pinky from features rather than interpretation of publishing over 35 articles, reports, sites. At Jamestown there was almost no numerous notes and book reviews. Consider extant standing structures. Archaeology had the collection of journals Pinky resorted to a much larger role to play. It not only had for publication: to find the features, but interpret them and

15 Museum News In 1952 the Department of The Virginia Magazine of History and Bio­ Interior presented to J .C. Harrington its graphy Distinguished Service Award for his contri­ Antiques Magazine butions to the Development of Historical The Quarterly Bulletin of the Archaeo­ Archaeology. Pinky's 30 years with the logical Society of Virginia National Park Service came to a close with The Indiana Magazine of History his retirement in 1965, a date which is Journal of the Society of Architectural almost prior to the time historical Historians archaeology really took off into a full American Anthropologist blown profession. Back in 1965, the number The of the Early American of site reports on historical sites could Industries Association still f1 t comfortably on one shelf of a small book case. To overcome the problem of publishing Pinky's retirement was of course not the research from the National Parks, employees end of his involvement in historical of the Park Service formed the Eastern archaeology. From 1966 through 1969, he and National Park and Monument Association in Virginia spent their summers in Nauvoo, 1948. Virginia and Pinky were active in the Illinois, running excavations for Nauvoo founding of that organization and Virginia Restoration, Inc., a project funded by The was the first treasurer of it when the mem­ Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints bership dues were $5.00. When she opened to restore the old Mormon town of Nauvoo. the account of the organization in 1948, it Among the sites excavated by the Harringtons had a little over 40 dollars in it. Today in Nauvoo were the Brigham Young house, the the Eastern National Park and Monument Edwin Webb blacksmith shop, The and Association has a revolving fund of over Seasons newspaper office and the Mormon $2,000,000 for publishing and other acti­ Temple. vities related to National Parks. It was Next, Pinky became involved with the ex­ this fund that published Pinky's report New cavation ·of part of West Point Military Light on Washington's Fort Necessity in Academy between 1970 and 1972. While he has 1957. not done any actual excavation since 1972, Overcoming the early isolation of his­ he has been involved as an archaeological torical archaeology meant attempting to consultant for The Virginia Historic Land­ establish some of the objectives and goals marks Commission, The Association for the that historical archaeology was capable of Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and for prehistorians to consider. Pinky laid other organizations. the ground work for this in two articles, Needless to say, Pinky was one of the the first titled "Historic Site Archaeology founders of the SOCiety for Historical in the United States" (1952), and the second Archaeology in 1966-1967 and played an "Archaeology as an Auxiliary Science to active role in drawing up our constitution. American History" (1955). These attempts to I have reviewed some of J.C. Harrington's define the field provided a base which we accomplishments and contributions, but have are continuing to expand today. told you very little about the man. His excavations were always conducted with Some idea of the breadth of Pinky's fastidious order and purpose. He cannot experience can be gained by listing some of stand disorder and his drawings are models the sites on which he has conducted of clarity. Pinky has a great ability to excavations: size up the potential of those working for him and give them tasks which they are Jamestown capable of performing wi thout being over­ Fort Raleigh on Roanoke Island whelmed. He has a great ability to draw the Fort Necessity maximum out of those working for him and at St. Augustine the same time remain their friend. Fort Frederica Pinky has great power of concentration Hopewell Village and this is best illustrated in a story Appomattox Court House related by Albert Manucy. In the words of Fort Christianstead, Mr. Manucy: St. Croix Island The Glass Works at Jamestown

16 "Concentration is another Harrington Museum of Natural History. General Chairman characteristic. Before archaeology is Adrienne Anderson. at Frederica began, Superintendent The Marriott-City Center is in the heart Ray Vinton and I met Pinky on the of historic downtown Denver with easy access site and watched him make a visual to the Larimer Square Historic District, survey. He tramped rapidly over the numerous restaurants, the Colorado His­ mounds and hollows of the earthwork torical Society, Denver Art Museum, Denver fort, stooping occasionally to brush Mint, and many other areas of interest. The away fallen leaves and recover a hotel itself has excellent meeting, dining, specimen, which he put carefully into and entertainment facilities that are a paper sack. He was really concen­ appropriate for the SHA/CUA group. All trating." sessions will be held in the hotel. Room rates are tentatively: Ray said "You know, AI, it's a privilege to watch one of the great Single: $54.00 archaeological minds at work. He's Double: $66.00 picking up evidence that you and I Each additional person: $10.00 never even noticed was there." About this time, Pinky walked back to us and held out the bag. Call for Papers, Posters. Workshops, and Symposia. Due August 1, 19821 I "Have some pecans," he said. r Abstracts for all symposia, posters, J.C. Harrington has had a long and mean­ luncheon round-table workshops, and ingful career that has added greatly to the individual papers must be submitted by develpment of historical archaeology in August 1, 1982. In an attempt to reduce the North America. We are all indebted to his unwieldy number of formal papers, the pro­ early efforts in this field. It is very gram committee has initiated a postel" appropriate that the Society for Historical session and a luncheon round-table workshop Archaeology, in recognition of J.C. as alternative ways of sharing information. Harrington's pioneering work in historical Please give consideration to presenting your archaeology, has established the J. C. data in one of these formats. The pre­ Harrington Medal to honor this pioneer. His liminary program will appeal" only in the contributions will be remembered each time October 1982 Newsletter, and abstracts must the Society bestows this award on others for be in by Augus t 1 in order to meet the their contributions to the field of his­ ~ditor's deadline. Please use a xerox copy torical archaeology. of the "Abstract Form" which is printed in this issue of the Newsletter. Theore­ 1983 SHA/CUA ANNUAL MEETINGS tical/synthetic papers will be limited to 25 minutes. Field reports will be limited to The 1983 SHA/CUA meetings will be held in 15 minutes. All participants other than Denver, Colorado, at the new Marriott-Hotel professionals in allied fields and invited City Center (1701 California Street, Denver, guests must be members of SHA. Please send Colorado 80202 - 303-825-1300). Regis­ abstracts for all presentations to: tration and a Renew Old Acquaintances party will begin Wednesday evening, January 5, and SHA Program Chairman the formal program runs January 6-8, 1983. All tours are planned for Sunday, January 9. Dr. Douglas Scott \ The theme, Heritage of the West, has been Bureau of Land Management selected to guide meeting activities; this Box 1269 r does not affect program content, which comes Montrose, Colorado 84104 from SHA/CUA members. 303-322-6380 Official sponsors include the National Park Service Denver Service Center and Rocky Mountain Regional Office; Bureau of Land Management, Montrose District; Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Missouri Region; Centuries .-B~search, Inc.; and the Denver

17 ,

ABSTRACT FORM FOR PAPERS TO BE PRESENTED AT THE 1983 SHA/CUA MEETING

Send three (3) cOpies of your abstract on a xerox copy of this form to either Douglas Scott (SHA Program Chairman) or Calvin Cummings (CUA Program Chairman). Type all information and double-space the abstract. TITLE ______

AUTHOR(S) ______

Institutional Affiliation (as you want it to appear on the program) ______

Full Professional Address (including postal code) ______

Phone Number(s) (if more than one author, key addresses and phone numbers to each name). Include area code ______

Audio-Visual Needs (last minute arrangements will be at the author's expense) ______

ABSTRACT (type, double space and attach another sheet if needed).

18 CUA Program Chairman Secretary-Treasurer: Stephanie Holschlag Rodeffer; Heritage Conservation & Recrea­ Mr. Calvin Cummings tion SerVice, South Central Regional Office, National Park Service 5000 Marble NE, Room 211, Albuquerque, New Denver Service Center Mexico 87110; Phone (505) 766-5944 or 5945 Box 25287 (Business) and (505) 821-2487 (Home). Denver, Colorado 80225 303-234-6112 Editor: Ronald L. Michael; Anthropology Section, California State College, Special Ski Package California, Pennsylvania 15419; Phone (412) 938-4000 (Business) and (412) 438-0686 Some members have expressed interest in (Home) • enjoying Colorado's superb skiing and parti­ cipating in a ski package. To be the least Newsletter Editor: Norman F. Barka; De­ expensive, this must be done before the partment of Anthropology, Colleg~ of William meetings (low season rates are available) and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185; and must have a minimum number of parti­ Phone (804) 253-4522 (Business) and (804) cipants. If you are interested in partici­ 565-0015 (Home). /' pating, please write Adrienne Anderson j before April 30, 1982, indicating the number Chairman of the Council on Underwater ! I of people in your party and your approximate Archaeology: J. Barto Arnold; Texas Anti­ l l' skiing ability (a 3-day program for quities Committee, Box 12276, Capitol beginners can be set up--nobody is too Station, Austin, Texas 78711; Phone (512) old!) • 475-6328 (Business) and (512) 926-7587 (Home). General Chairman Dr. Adrienne Anderson Board of Directors (3-year terms): National Park Service Rocky Mt. Regional Office 1980-1982: Box 25287 Roberta Greenwood; Greenwood and Associ­ Denver, Colorado 80225 ates, 725 Jacon Way, Pacific Palisades, 303-234-2764 California 90272; Phone (213) 454-3091 (Business). If you are interested in attending the George Miller; National Historic Parks & Denver Stock Show after the meetings, Sites, Parks Canada, 1600 Liverpool Court, January 12-22, 1983, we recommend making Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1G2, Canada; Phone (613) reservations well in advance. 993-9717 (Business).

PEOPLE YOU SHOULD KNOW 1981-1983: Kathleen A. Deagen; Department of Anth­ Officers of the SHA - 1982 ropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306; Phone (904) 644- President: Robert L. Schuyler, The Uni­ 4281 (Business). versity Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Donald L. Hardesty; Department of Anth­ 33rd & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, ropology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada Pennsylvania 19174. Phone (215) 243-6965 89557; Phone (702) 784-6704 (Business). (Business) • 1982-1984: President-Elect: Edwin S. Dethlefsen, Kenneth E. Lewis, Institute of Department of Anthropology, College of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 23185. Phone (804) 253-4341 (Business). 29208. Cynthia R. Price, Center for Archaeo­ Immediate Past-President: Bert Salwen, logical Research, Southeast Missouri Field Department of Anthropology, New York Univer­ Station, Box 6, Naylor, Missouri 63953. sity, 25 Waverly Place, New York, New York Phone (314) 399-2216 (Business). 10002. Phone (212) 598-3257 (Business) and (202) 667-9476 (Home).

19 ,.

1983 SHA/CUA Denver Meeting Northern Plains and Mountain States (Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, North and South General Chairman: Adrienne Anderson, Dakota): Garvey C. Wood; P.O. Box 127; National Park Service, Rocky Mountain Loma, Montana 59460. Regional Office, Box 25287, Denver, Colorado Northwest (Washington, Oregon, Idaho, 80225. Phone (303) 234-2764 (Business). Alaska): Roderick Sprague; Department of SHA Program Chairman: Douglas Scott, Sociology/Anthropology; University of Bureau of Land Management, Box 1269, Idaho; Moscow, Idaho 83843. Montrose, Colorado 84104. Phone (303) 322- Pacific West (California, Hawaii, 6380 (Business). Nevada): Paul J. F. Schumacher; 200 CUA Program Chairman: Calvin Cummings, Pinehill Road, Hillsborough, California National Park Service, Denver Service 94010. Center, Box 25287, Denver, Colorado 80225. Southwest (Arizona, New Mexico, Utah): Phone (303) 234-6112. James E. Ayres, 1702 E. Waverly, Tucson, Arizona 85719 Canada: Atlantic Region (New Brunswick, Newsletter Recent Publication Coordinator: Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Scott L. Carpenter; Western Archaeological Island) : Birgi t ta Wallace; Parks Canada j Center, Field Office, Yosemite National Historic Properties; Upper Water Street; Park, California 95389. Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 1S9. Canada: Quebec: Pierre Nadon; 431 Rue Richelieu; Quebec, P.Q. G1R 1K2. Legislative News Coordinator: Marjorie Canada: Ontario: Karlis Karklinsj Ingle, Advisory Council on Historic Preser­ National Historic Parks & Sites, Parks vation, 44 Union Blvd., #616, Lakewood, Canada, 1600 Liverpool Court, Ot tawa, Colorado 80228. Phone (303) 234-4846. Ontario K1A 1G2. Canada: Prairie Region (Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan, Yukon Newslet ter Current Research Regional Area Terri tory) : Peter Priess, Archaeological Coordinators: Research, Parks Canada, 114 Garry St., Winnipeg, Mani toba R3C 1G 1 • Phone (204 ) Northeast (Maine, New Hampshire, 949-4588 (Business). Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Canada: Western Region (Alberta, British Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Columbia): Donald Steer, Parks Canada, 520, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, District 220-4th Avenue, SE, Calgary, Alberta T2P of Columbia, West Virginia, Virginia): Mary 3H8. C. Beaudry, Archaeological Studies Program, Caribbean: David R. Watters, Woods Hole Boston University, 232 Bay State Road, Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Boston, MA 02215. Phone (517) 353-3415 Massachusetts 02543. (Business). Underwater (World-wide) : Robert Southeast (North and South Carolina, Grenier; National Historic Parks & Sites; Ken tucky , Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, 1600 Liverpool Court; Ottawa, Ontario K1A Florida): Kathleen A. Deagan, 131 1G2. Washington St., St. Augustine, Florida 32084. Phone (904) 824-7037 (Business). SHA COMMITTEES & REPRESENTATIVES 1982 Gulf States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas): Anne E. Fox; EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE Center for Archaeological Research, College of Humani ties and Social Sciences, Uni ve­ Ronald L. Michael rsity of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78285. William H. Adams Roger E. Kelly Midwest (Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, James E. Ayres Robert Lister Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota): Charles E. Norman F. Barka John H. Rick Cleland; The Museum; Michigan State Univer­ Ronald C. Carlisle Robert Schuyler sity; East Lansing, Michigan 48823. Charles Cleland Donna Seifert Central Plains (Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, Charles Fairbanks Stanley South Missouri) : Robert T. Bray; Uni versi ty of James E. Fitting Roderick Sprague Missouri; Lyman Archaeological Research Roberta S. Greenwood Sarah Turnbaugh Center; Miami, Missouri 65344.

20 NOMINATIONS & ELECTIONS COMMITTEE COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES Edwin S. Dethlefsen (Chairman) Kenneth E. Lewis Includes President (Schuyler) and other Cynthia R. Price members (to be appointed). PUBLIC INFORMATION AND ACTION COMMITTEE NATIONAL CLEARING HOUSE FOR EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN Bert Salwen (Chairman) HISTORICAl. ARCHAEOLOGY James Ayres Reported by Lynne Lewis (other members to be appointed) First, thank you' s go to all who have CONVENTIONS COMMITTEE expressed interest and partiCipated in the Clearing House during the past months. Chaired by Convention Coordinator: Remember, this service is available to all Lester Ross. Includes President SHA members, including underwater archaeo­ (Schuyler), CUA Chairman (Arnold) logists and archaeological conservators. We plan to continue the service and hope it to CONVENTION COORDINATOR be even more successful in the coming years. Now that the Clearing house has been Lester Ross underway for some time, some basic proce­ dures have been established which are BUDGET COMMITTEE reviewed below: Employment Seekers: You can call (803- Stephanie Rodeffer (Chairperson) 571-4013, 8:30 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., weekdays) Norman F. Barka if you want, but openings have been so Ronald L. Michael spaced that this is usually not the most economical procedure. Better, send one copy MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE of your resume, along with a cover letter stating any preferences such as region, type Chairman is President-Elect: Edwin S. of job or duration of job, to Lynne G. Dethlefsen (see December 1981 SHA Newsletter Lewis, Drayton Hall, Route 4, Box 276, for complete list of regional and state Charleston, S.C. 29407. Once received, coordinators) your resume is placed on file and as jobs open that fit your requirements and qualifi­ REPRESENTATIVE TO THE SOCIETY FOR POST­ cations, notice of these will be sent to MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY you. It is up to you to respond to the notice, following normal or specified appli­ Norman F. Barka cation procedures. Please be sure to keep your address current and notify Lynne if you REPRESENTATIVE TO THE SOCIETY OF are no longer seeking a job. Also, if you PROFESSIONAL ARCHAEOLOGISTS find a position through a referral from the Clearing House, please let her know as this Roberta Greenwood is one way we can gauge our success. Employers: If there is some urgency to REPRESENTATIVE TO COORDINATING COUNCIL OF filling a position, call and a check through NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES the files will provide some leads. Other­ wise, send a position description and note Chairman of "Public Information and Action any relevant requirements such as regional \ Committee": Bert Salwen and President experience or specialized skills. An appli­ (Schuyler) . cation deadline, or notification once a job is filled, would be helpful. Copies of the RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE position description will be sent to qualified prospects. Please remember, this Appointed as Needed is not a screening service in the sense that no judgement is passed on the quality of either employer or employee. Contract Organizations: A number of

21 people have suggested that a list of con­ know of your support for archaeology and tract organizations dOing work in historic preservation. We are competing for archaeology would be useful to those seeking precious few dollars with welfare and the employment. In light of this, and with the interests of other vocal groups. Last year, help of our membership, Lynne will begin to only through the efforts of SAA and Preser­ assemble such a list. The accompanying vation Action and much grassroots energy was questionnaire is to serve only as a guide­ funding for the Historic Preservation Fund line; feel free to add any other pertinent resurrected by Congress from $0 to $26.5 information. If any member knows of a con­ million (minus 4% cut). tract organization that regularly employs This is a fatal attack against our archaeologists, please pass this along to livelihood, profession, and the historic and them so that our listing will be as complete cultural heritage of our nation. GET as possible. Please xerox this form and INVOLVED AND LET YOUR CONGRESSMAN KNOW THAT send the completed form to Lynne Lewis RESTORATION OF THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION (address above). FUND AND ADVISORY COUNCIL BUDGET IS CRUCIALI Plan for Action in Next Newsletterl Position Available: BOOK REVIEWS UPDATE College of William and Mary: the Department (Submitted by Roderick Sprague) of Anthropology invites applications for a historical archaeologist. Primary Due to type setting errors, lines were responsibilities include teaching graduate omitted in three different places on page students as well as development of field and five of the previous issue of the research programs. Tenure track position. Newsletter. All three errors created Applicants should have a Ph.D., teaching meaningless statements including one in the experience, a proven record of archaeo­ quote from George Gummerman. logical research experience (preferably The fifth paragraph, one of great eastern U.S.), and knowledge of documentary importance to the intent of the article, research techniques. Send vita and names­ should read: addresses of 3 references by April 1, 1982, to: Norman F. Barka, Chairman, Department The third problem is the most serious of Anthropology, College of William and and the one where the editors can do very Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185. EOE/AAE. little to help. Right now there are several books out for review that have LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS been out for more than a year with no response from the reviewer even when I Reported by Marjorie Ingle asked for the return of the book (three of these people are former SHA presi­ ATTENTION - FUNDING FOR 1983 WILL "TOTALLY dents) • This I find unacceptable and TERMINATE" STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION inexcusable. OFFICES AND THE NATIONAL TRUST FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION: DEEP CUTS FOR ADVISORY Item 3 of the Gummerman comments should COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION LIKELY. read: In a December meeting, Secretary of 3. Reviewers have the great Interior Watt said that he recommends "TOTAL responsibility to represent a book fairly TERMINATION" (e.g., $0) of the HISTORIC PRE­ by refraining from personal criticism and SERVATION FUND, which provides matching from using the review as a forum from support for all State Historic Preservation which to harangue the author and Offices and the National Trust for Historic colleagues about the reviewer's pet Preservation. The President's FY83 (Oct. 82 ideas. to Oct. 83) budget is expected to recommend $0 for the Historic Preservation Fund. Deep The least important error, which was in the budget and staffing cuts are also expected third paragraph, can be made to read for the President's Advisory Council on His­ correctly by inserting in front of "Review toric Preservation. The President's budget Edi tor" the words: "... question. If is to be unveiled in early February. there is concern that the •• " IT IS CRUCIAL to let your Congressman

22 CONTRACT ORGANIZATIONS IN ARCHAEOLOGY

NAME OF ORGANIZATION ------ADDRESS ______

CONTACT ______

TYPE OF ORGANIZATION (Private, University affiliated, affiliated with larger research organization, other)

GEOGRAPHIC RANGE ______

AVERAGE STAFFING PERMANENT ------TEMPORARY______SHA MEMBERS? ______OTHER INFORMATION ______

Are you willing to be on a list available to SHA members seeking employment? ______

\h

23 I repeat my plea for help and that all undergraduate, and graduate level. Six potential reviewers read the full text of semester credits. Tuition, room and George Gummerman's article in American board, and airfare from Miami to St. Antiquity (46 3 :704-706). Eustatius and return - total $1,450. Deadline for applications: April 1, FIELD SCHOOLS 1982. Requests for applications and further information should be addressed University of Pennsylvania: The Department to: Norman F. Barka, Dept. of Anth­ of American Civilization at the University ropology, College of William and Mary, of Pennsylvania will offer a four-week field Williamsburg, Virginia 23185. school on the "Archaeology of the Historic 2) Shirley Plantation, Virginia. A six-week American West". The course, American session at Shirley Plantation (founded Civilization 417, is open to both 1613), located 35 miles west of Williams­ undergraduates and graduate students and burg on the James River, will run May 31 will run from June 7 to July 2. Students through July 9, 1982. The session is will participate in the archaeological designed to introduce students to survey and excavation of 19th and early 20th archaeological field methods and the cul­ century sites in southwestern Utah. Pro­ ture history of Tidewater Virginia jects initiated last summer will be con­ through participation in an archaeo­ tinued wtih special attention being given to logical research program. Students will Silver Reef, a 19th century mining town, and participate in the excavation, mapping, the study of inscriptions, carving styles and recording of data at several sites and layout of local historic cemeteries. and in the laboratory processing of the Tuition is expected to be in the range of recovered artifacts. In addition, there $550 for undergraduates which includes a will be classroom instruction in archaeo­ laboratory fee of $25. Students will stay logical field methods, artifact classi­ in shared" dormitory-trailers at Dixie fication, photography, dating methods, College in St. George ($160 for four weeks). interpretation, and culture history. For further information write to Robert L. Students will be housed in a field camp Schuyler, Director, Archaeological Field on the 800-acre estate. Tents will School, University Museum, 33rd & Spruce provide facilities for sleeping, eating, Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. and a field laboratory. Three levels of courses offered: introductory under­ graduate, advanced undergraduate, and College of William and Mary: The Department graduate level. Six semester credits. of Anthropology will offer two field schools Tuition and room and board - $720. Dead­ this summer: line for applications: April 1, 1982. 1) Sint Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles. A Requests for applications and further six-week session, June 9 through July 22, information should be addressed to: 1982, is designed to introduce students Theodore R. Reinhart, Department of to archaeological field and laboratory Anthropology, College of William and methods and to the culture history of St. Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185. Eustatius through direct participation in an ongoing archaeological research program. Students will work on a variety Southwest Missouri State University: A of 17th and/or 18th century Sites, such field school in historical archaeology will as: land and underwater survey; excava­ be offered this summer by the Department of tion of one or more warehouse structures Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, in the 'Lower Town'; excavation of a Southwest Missouri State University. The domestic, military, industrial, or slave field school will be taught by Dr. James E. site. In addition to laboratory pro­ Price and Cynthis R. Price and will run from cessing of artifacts, there will be June 9 to July 30, 1982. Nine credit hours, classroom instruction in field methods, ei ther graduate or undergraduate, will be interpretation of archaeological data, given and the course will include field and culture history of the Caribbean. excavation, lectures, and assigned read­ Students will be housed in a hotel on the ings. Archaeological excavations will be island. Three levels of courses offered: conducted at the Widow Harris Site, a introductory undergraduate, advanced frontier farmstead occupied c.1815-1870,

24 located in the Eastern Ozarks in Southeast Boston University: The Center for Missouri. Excavations conducted at this Archaeological Studies at Boston University site over several years have revealed the will conduct an archaeological field school presence of 3 dwellings, large midden a t the Tyng Mansion site in Tyngsborough, deposits, numerous subsurface pits, and Massachusetts, from June 7 - July 16, 1982. identifiable outdoor work areas. Anthro­ The site was first occupied in the late 17th pological approaches to historic sites century as an Indian trading post, and research will be stressed and emphasis will successive generations of the Tyng family be placed on early to mid-nineteenth century built, modified, and lived in the fine settlement, subsistence, and material Georgian house that became known as the Tyng cul ture in the Ozarks. Students will be Mansion. The 1982 field season will focus housed in the small town of Naylor, on the 17th-century component of the site-­ Missouri, in an old home with modern the timber-framed trading post--and on addi­ facilities and will be responsible for the tional survey of the property. Students may purchase and preparation of their own food. register for 4-8 graduate or undergraduate For further information write to Dr. James credits ($120Iundergraduate, $190/graduate E. Price, Southeast Field Station, Box 6, credi t hour). Room and board will cost Naylor, MO 63953. $350, and there will be a $100 program fee. For further information and for appli­ cations, contact Dr. Mary C. Beaudry, California Polytechnic State University: an Archaeological Studies Program, Boston Uni­ intensive 6-week combination of lectures, versity, 232 Bay State Road, Boston, MA excavation, and laboratory analysis of 02215; phone 617-353-3415. historical archaeological materials from the,Military Barracks of Mission San Antdhio REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION in southern Monterey County, California. The Mission was founded in 1771, the third Peter Dorni Clay Tobacco Pipes: Mr. John of 21 Franciscan religious establishments in H. McCashion, 84 Lockrow Avenue, Albany, New Spanish California. Attention will be York 12205 (518) 459-4209 is completing the focused on the methods of historical final report as part three in the continuing archaeology. The material culture from the series, THE CLAY TOBACCO PIPES OF NEW YORK Barracks will be used to interpret the role STATE. The title of the paper will be the of the five Mission soldiers in the SUSPECTED ORIGINS AND DATING OF PETER DORNI acculturation of the 1,300 Indian neophythes CLAY TOBACCO PIPES. Any information of to the culture of 18th century Spain. specimens from well-dated contexts or any Instructor: Robert L. Hoover. Dates: June context will be appreciated. Particular 21 through July 30, 1982. Six units of detail of the stem marking is most impor­ credit. Fee: $513 (includes room and tant. Peter Dorni stem-marked clay tobacco board). Write to Cal Poly Extension, pipes once thought to have originated in California Polytechnic State University, France are now thought to have been the San Luis Obispo, Cali.fornia 93407. inspiration of Peter Dorn, of Hohr­ Grenzhausen, one of the Dorn family of pipemakers working as early as 1738. It is Old Sturbridge Village and the Connecticut very possible that their products were so Historical Commission: a cooperative educa­ superior that they were plaigerized by both . .' tional and research program in Connecticut's Dutch and Scottish pipemakers in the 19th Historical Archaeological Heritage will century. The Peter Dorni pipes seem to have focus upon the examination of the early become quite popular in America after the industrial village of Phoenixville large scale immigration of the Irish and (Eastford) and the 18th century Newgate Germans during the middle 1830's and 1850's. Prison Complex (East Granby). For further information regarding costs, room and board, Leaden Cloth Seals (Baling Seals): A study etc., contact either John Worrell and David of these seals against the extensive docu­ Simmons, Old Sturbridge Village, Stur­ mentary background is in progress. These bridge, Mass., or David Poirier, Connecticut objects were used during the Colonial period Historical Commission, 59 South Prospect and up to the later nineteenth century in St., Hartford, Conn. connection with textiles and possibly other goods. They can often indicate the place of

25 origin and sometimes the date and other 1480, Rochester, New York 14603-1480. details of traded goods. Almost all the known examples, including a number found in The National Council on PubliC History: the the United States, have come from excava­ Annual Meeting will be held 22-24 April 1982 tions. I would be grateful for details of at the Radisson Hotel, Chicago, Illinois. any such leaden seals, whether excavated or Two sessions of interest to SHA members unprovenanced. Write to: Mr. G. Egan, The include the following: The Role of History Museum of London, Dept. of Urban in Cultural Resource Mitigation: Theory and Archaeology, 71 Basinghall St., London, E.C. Practice. Papers in this session include: 2, UK. - The Origins and Present Status of Federal Concern for History in UPCOMING CONFERENCES Cultural Resource Mitigation by John D. McDermott (Advisory Council for Glass Trade Bead Conference: to be held at Historic Preservation). the Rochester Museum & Science Center, - Doing History with the Archaeo­ Rochester, New York, on 12-13 June 1982. logists: The US Bureau of Reclamation Confirmed papers to date include the follow­ and the Dolores River Project by John ing: Porter Bloom (University of the The Magic of Glass Beads: Glass Beads Pacific) • as Crystals by George Hamell (New York The second session of interest is entitled State Museum). The Role of the Historian in the Cultural Blue Crystals and Other Trinkets: Resource Management Process: Four Perspec­ Glass Beads from 16th and Early 17th tives. The session will consist of a panel Century New England by James Bradley discussion by the following historians and (Massachusetts Historical Com­ archaeologists: Louis Heite (Soil Systems, mission) • Inc.), Albert L. Hurtado (Public History - Glass Trade Beads from Seneca Sites by Services ASSOCiates), Don Miller (US Forest Charles Wray (Rochester Museum & Service), and Joseph Winter (Office of Con­ Science Center). tract Archaeology). - Dutch Trade Beads in the Northeast by The program for this meeting can be obtained Karlis Karklins (Parks Canada). from the National Council on Public History, from Glass Beads: The 3914 Harrison Street NW, Washington, D.C. Spanish Period in the Southeast 1513- 200015. 1670 by Marvin Smith (University of Florida) • An Uncivil War: The Southern Backcountry - Tile Bead Manufacturing by Roderick During the American Revolution: a conference Sprague (University of Idaho). to be held on 18-19 March, 1982, in the - The Manufacture of Intricate Glass Senate Caucus Room 1318 of the Russell Canes and a New Perspective on the Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. Relationship Between Chevron-Star Wri te U',S. Capitol Historical Society, 200 Beads and Mosaic-Millefiori Beads by Jamey Allen. Society for California Archaeology: the - Some Thoughts on Glass Beadmaking by Annual Meeting will be held in Sacramento at Peter Francis, Jr. the Woodlake Inn on April 1-3, 1982. A Importance of Religion in Influencing number of papers on historical archaeology Trade Wind Bead Use and Present Avail­ will be presented at this meeting. abili ty: The Case of Iran by Jacquiline Touba (Skidmore College). PAST CONFERENCES Glass Trade Beads from Caesarea Mari­ time, Israel by Rozanna Pfeiffer. Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology: SPMA During the Conference the Rochester Museum's held its Autumn Conference and Annual glass trade bead collections will be avail­ General Meeting at Dover Castle, Dover, able for viewing. England, on 25-27 September 1981. The theme Individuals wishing to receive preregis­ of the conference was the later defences of tration forms and program details should southern England, with particular reference contact: Glass Trade Bead Conference, clo to Kent and the Dover Straits. Papers Charles F. Hayes, III, Research Division, presented were as follows: Rochester Museum & Science Center, P.O. Box - Artillery Defences of Dover: Adaption

26 and Construction by J. G. Coad. Mexican Majolica Ceramics from Recent· Work on Square Tower, Ports­ Colonial California by Ronald V. May mouth by A. C. Corney. (Environmental Analysis Division, - The 1623 Survey of the South Coast County of San Diego). Defences with Reference to Hampshire Old World Ceramics from the San Diego and Dorset by J. Kenyon. Presidio by Jean Krase. - Excavation of an Elizabethan Bastion Faunal Remains at the San Diego at Carisbrooke Castle by C. J. Young. Presidio by Cynthia Draper (San Diego God's House Tower, Southhampton: A State University). Fifteenth-Century Fortification; Phoenix Buttons of the San Diego Recent Discoveries by R. Thomson. Presidio and Their Social Implica­ U.K. Fortress. Doctrines: The Mani­ tions by Richard Carrico (Westec festations by V. Smith. Services, Inc.). Tours included Dover Castle as well as A Hypothetical Reconstruction of the selected military defences of Dover and Art and Architecture of the Presidio Calais, France. Chapel--The Potential by Alana Cordy­ Collins (University of San Diego and Eastern States Archaeological Federation: the San Diego Museum of Man). the ESAF held its Annual Meeting 6-8 The San Diego Presidio Gateway Excava­ November, 1981, in Harrisburg, Pennsyl­ tion Project by Dennis Quillen (Westec vania. Papers of historical archaeological Services, Inc.). importance included: Archaeological Investigations at His­ Archaeological Institute of America: a toric Cherry Hill, Albany, New York by colloquium on Spanish Colonial Archaeology, Diane Allstadt, Martha Pinello, organized by Robert L. Hoover, was held at Charles Fisher (Hartgen Archaeo­ the 83rd General Meeting of the AlA in San logical Associates, Inc.). Francisco on December 28, 1981. The follow­ Catlinite by W. Fred Kinsey III (North ing papers were presented: Museum). Research on Spanish Colonial Sites in Jacobsburg Blast Furnace by Virginia San Diego by Paul Ezell (presenter) Lopresti (Society for Pennsylvania and Dennis K. Quillen. Archaeology). Mili tary Artifacts from a California Settlement Analysis at the Ball Site, Mission by Jack S. Williams. Ontario by Dean Knight (Wilfred A Proposed Computer Taxonomic Model Laurier University). for the Interpretation of Late Spanish Preliminary Assessment of Ft. Colonial Sites by Anita G. Cohen. Loudoun's Archaeological Significance • •• Stranger than Fiction: Investi­ by James Herbstritt (California State gations at the Ontiveros Adobe by College) and Stephen Warfel (William Roberta S. Greenwood. Penn Memorial Museum). Ethnoarchaeology of Spanish Brick and The Penenlec Site (Conewango Town?) by Tile Firing by Julia G. Costello. Stanley Lantz (Carnegie Museum). Reflections of the Past: Public Post-Contact Lenape Sites in the Restoration and Interpretation of Philadelphia Area by Marshall Becker Hispanic Sites by Pandora Snethkamp. (West Chester State College). RECENT PUBLICATIONS .. San Diego History Research Center: a con­ ference entitled "Approaches to Historical Giroux, Andre, Rodrigue Bedard, Nicole Archaeology: The Case of the Royal Presidio Cloutier, Real Lussier & Helene Vachon of San Diego" was held on 17 October 1981 at 1981 - Inventaire des marches de con­ San Diego State University. The following struction des Archives nationales du Quebec papers were presented: a Montreal, 1800-1830. Histoire et The History of the San Diego Presidio archeologie No. 49. Parks Canada. Ottawa. by Greta Ezell. 2 vols., 574 pp., no figs. Order from the Historical Archaeology Methodology Canadian Government Publishing Centre, De­ and the Presidio Excavation Program by partment of Supply and Services, Hull, Paul Ezell (San Diego State Univer­ Quebec, Canada K1A OS9. $37.95 Canadian a sity) • set ($45.55, Canadian funds, outside

27 Canada). Cat. No. R64-81/1981-49-1F & 2F. after the Klondike gold rush. The history A systematic inventory of construction of St. Andrew's Church at Bennett, the junc­ contracts taken from Montreal notarial tion of the Chilkoot and White Pass trails, records dating from 1800 to 1830. The con­ ·mirrors the history of the Klondike gold tracts are listed in alphabetical order rush: the Presbyterian mission opened in according to location, then in chronological Bennett in March 1898, construction of the order within each location grouping. Each church began in early 1899 and by March 1902 contract entry refers to the original the gothic-style structure stood abandoned. notarial document and briefly summarizes its Results of excavations at Old Fort POint, on contents. Lake Athabaska, Alberta, suggest that it may have been the temporary location of Fort Wedderburn, a Hudson's Bay Company post Tulloch, Judith active on the lake from 1815 to 1821. 1918 - The Rideau Canal: Defence, Transport AnalysiS of the faunal remains from the Old and Recreation. History and Archaeology No. Fort Point site provide information on the 50. Parks Canada. Ot tawa. 228 pp., 29 food economy of the post. illus. Order from the Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Department of Supply and Ortega, Elpidio and Carmen Fondeur Services, Hull, Quebec, Canada K1A OS9. 1978 - Estudio de la Ceramica del Periodo $10.00 Canadian ($12.00, Canadian funds, Indo-Hispano de la Antigua Concepcion de La outside Canada). Cat. No. R64-81/1981-50E. Vega. Serie Cientifica. Santo Domingo: The Rideau Canal, a 124-mile, 47-lock Fundacion Ortega Alvarez. 101 pages, 31 system from By town (Ottawa) on the Ottawa photos and line drawings, 12 tables, 1 map. River to Kingston on the St. Lawrence, US$5.00. opened in May 1832. Under constant 1979 - Argueolia de la Cas Cordon. Serie financial constraints, the. early admini­ Cientifica 2. Santo Domingo: Fundacion strators of the canal faced the many Ortega Alvarez. 97 pages, 44 photos and problems of the canal's operation and line drawings, 6 tables. US$5.00 maintenance, from having flood damage Ortega,Elpidio repaired and mediating disputes between 1980 - Introduccion a la Loza Comun 0 lockmasters and labourers to defending the Alfareria en la Periodo Colonial de Santo existence of the admittedly unprofitable Domingo. Serie Cientifica 3. Santo waterway. Domingo: Fundacion Ortega Alvarez. 166 pages,31 photos and line drawings, 29 Archibald, Margaret tables, 3 maps, 16 graphs. 1981 - Grubstake to Grocery Store: Supply­ US$5.00. ing the Klondike, 1897-1907 The three preceding publications can be Carter, Margaret ordered from: Elpidio Jose Ortega, 1981 St. Andrew'S Presbyterian Church, Fundacion Ortega Alvarez, Calle N no. 4 Lale Bennett, British Columbia Ensanches Agustina, Santo Domingo, Karklins, Karlis Dominican Republic. These publications pre­ 1981 The Old Fort Point Site: Fort sent data on Spanish colonial pottery Wedderburn II? recovered at various sites in the Dominican Rick, Anne Meachem Republic. They deal almost exclusively with 1981 - Analysis of Animal Remains from the ceramics; there are few details about the Old Fort Point Site, Northern Alberta sites in general. They are extensively , Canadian Historic Sites No. 26. Parks illustrated with line drawings (vessel \ Canada. Ottawa. 294 pp., 170 figs. Order shapes, rim profiles, makers' marks, from the Canadian Government Publishing designs) and photographs (vessels and Centre, Department of Supply and Services, sherds). Ceramic varieties discussed range Hull, Quebec, Canada K1A OS9. $8.00 from majolica to common earthenware and Canadian ($9.60, Canadian funds, outside crockery including some non-Spanish Canada). Cat. No. R61-2/1-26E. ma terials. The text and tables contain Each gold seeker arrived in Dawson as a particulars on the paste, method of firing, potential entrepreneur: gold and initiative manufacturing, etc. made anything possible. Archibald's report examines the Yukon trade in provisions and general merchandise during and immediately

28 Museo de las Casas Reales forces~ It was acquired in 1931 for York­ 1980 - Casas Reales 11. 113 pages. Order town's sesquicentennial celebration, and from: Museo de las Casas Reales, was the first historic building restored by Publicaciones, Zona Colonial, Santo the National Park Service. The Moore House Domingo, Dominican Republic. US$4.00. is a 1935 Historic Structures Report written Volume 11 of the Casas Reales series by noted architectural historian Charles E. contains 4 articles about Spanish ceramics. Peterson. The report, the first ever done "La Jarra de Aceite Espaniola: un Estudio by the National Park Service, has served as Introductor" is the Spanish translation of a high standard for the hundreds of reports John Goggin's 1960 Spanish Olive Jar study prepared since then. The book is a com­ originally published in Yale University Pub­ pendium of letters, photographs, drawings, lications in Anthropology 62. "Hidroceramos and archeological data relating to the Mexicanos en la Republica Dominicana," by J. house. M. Cruxent and J. E. Vas, discusses Mexican Copies of the book are available through "water jugs" and their exportation to other the NPCA Bookstore, 1701 18th Street, N.W., areas of the Americas. The last two sec­ Washington, D.C. 20009. Paperback copies tions largely consist of illustrations of cost $4.95, hardbound cost $9.95. Bulk ceramic vessels from the collections of the orders: costs will allow for a trade dis­ Museo de las Casas Reales and from excava­ count. tions in La Vega Vieja. Contact the Museo for a list of publications from the Casas The Archaeology of San Diego and Southern Reales series as well as other occasional California: Conservation, Mitigation, reports. Education. This book, composed of 8 essays developed from the symposium of late Cruxent, Jose M. February, 1981, is available from the 1980 - Notas Ceramologia: Algunas Archaeological Institute of America, San Sugerencias sobre la Practica de la Diego Chapter, P.O. Box 3343, La Jolla, Descripcion de Ceramicas Argueologicas de la California 92038. ($3.00 plus 75¢ post­ Epoca Indo-Hispana. Cuaderno Falconiano 3. age) • 196 pages, numerous line drawings (not The publication has excellent articles on numbered) • Order from: Ediciones UNEFM, Rock Art and Shamanism, the prehistory and Museo de Ceramica Historica y Loza Popular, early history of the area, and on contem­ Universidad Nacional Experim~ntal Francisco porary concerns regarding land use in con­ de Miranda, Casa del Balcon de los Arcaya, junction with archaeological and historical Av. Zamora, Coro, Edo Falcon, Venezuela. preservation. The articles are illustrated Cost unknown. with maps, drawings and photographs. Cruxent produced this book at the request of students to aid in proper analysis and Guidebook to the San Buenaventura Archaeo­ interpretation of ceramic materials from the logical Interpretive Center. The Ventura prehistoric and historic periods. The focus County Historical Society announces the pub­ is on classification and description of lication of this official guidebook, which ceramics; this includes sections on attri­ contains sections on the following: butes, ceramic classes, different surface descriptions of the site; history of the finishes, functional forms, and taxonomy. archaeological explorations; discoveries It is a useful primer for non-Spanish­ and artifacts; notes about Ventura and its speaking students who want to learn ceramic early European and American settlers; maps terminology in Spanish; the illustrations and photographs; a list of detailed reports aid this considerably. However, it was on the project; and an annotated biblio­ prepared for a Spanish language audience. graphy. $3.75 plus $1.00 postage. Address orders and checks to the Ventura County Peterson, Charles E. Historical Society, 100 East Main Street, The Moore House, The Site of the Surrender/ Ventura, California 93001. Yorktown. This book is the first publi­ cation of the National Parks & Conservation Association. Moore House is a simple frame Northeast Historical Archaeology, Vol. 7, Jh farmhouse on the York River made famous by 9: This issue of the Journal is presented the 1781 surrender of Lord Cornwallis to as a companion to Volume 6. The papers, General Washington and the Allied French listed below, were originally presented at a

29 conference on American redware and stoneware b. Geographical location of the at the Rochester Museum and Science Center research. in 1977, jointly sponsored by that insti­ c. Temporal period covered by the tution and the Council for Northeast His­ research. torical Archaeology. Table of contents: d. Types of material culture remains Earthenwares and Salt-Glazed Stone­ being investigated. wares of the Rochester-Genesee Valley 3. Concise statement of the major results Region: An Overview by George R. of the research including: Hamell. a. Citation of manuscript and pub­ The Alkaline-Glazed Stoneware of lished reports completed. North Carolina by Charles G. Zug, III. b. Information as to the current and The Kiln and Red Earthenware Pottery projected location of new artifact of the Jordan Pottery Site: A Pre­ collections created from the liminary Overview by David W. Rupp. research. The Kirkpa tricks' Pot tery , Anna, Illinois by Ellen Paul Denker. NORTHEAST The Living Tradition: A Comparison of Three Southern Folk Potters by John A. Reported by Mary C. Beaudry Burrison. The Sewer Tile Clay Pottery of Grant CONNECTICUT Ledge, Michigan by Marsha MacDowell and C. Kurt Dewhurst. Saybrook Point: In 1982, Connecticut Subscription to Northeast Historical College archaeologists, under the direction Archaeology is through annual membership in of Harold Juli, will return to Saybrook the organization (individuals and lnsti­ Point at the mouth of the Connecticut River tutions, $10; students, $7.50. Write Jo Ann for a second season of excavations at the Cotz, 179 Park Avenue, Midland Park, N• J • site of Connecticut's earliest European 07432. coastal settlement (1635) aHd an area occupied continuously for 350 years. Fund­ CURRENT RESEARCH ing for the project has been provided by the Sachem Fund of the Old Saybrook Monument CURRENT RESEARCH GUIDELINES Park ASSOCiation, Town of Old Saybrook, Connecticut. The site consists of an 18- A. Current research contributions should be acre undeveloped parcel of land. In addi­ related to a single specific subject, tion to the 17th century occupation, the such as a site investigation, project site saw agricultural and commercial investigation or a thematic research activities throughout the 18th and 19th topic. centuries, marked chiefly by maritime use as B. Contributions should be sent to your a wharf and subsequent construction of a appropriate Newsletter Area Coordinator railroad station and yard. The excavations (names and addresses of Area Coordinators are part of a multi-year project designed to are published in every March issue of the study the settlement history of Saybrook Newsletter). Point. To date, archaeological testing has C. Current research should be typed, double­ revealed an area containing 17th--18th­ spaced, in paragraph format. century artifacts, archaeological remains D. Contributions should be brief, usually of the town wharf 1820-1870 and the footings less than one double-spaced page in of a railroad engine house and turntable length. 1870-1920. Continued investigation of these E. Each contribution should contain as much areas will be conducted in 1982. In addi­ of the following information as appli­ tion to the archaeological and documentary cable. research relating to the area's settlement 1. Name and addresses of project history, the site will ultimately be directors and funding/administrative developed as a park with archaeological agencies. features interpreted for the public. 2. Concise statement of the research Artifacts are being studied a' problems being investigated includ­ Connecticut College, New London, CT. Unpub­ ing: lished reports of 1980 and 1981 seasons a. Goals and purposes for conducting results are on file with the town of 01 the research.

30 Saybrook, CT.: Archaeological Investi- tarian ceramics and their, distinctiveness gations at Saybrook Point, 1980, 1981. from English ceramics. A three-year full scale excavation is planned beginning in DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 1982, to be coordinated with efforts to build a bulkhead to arrest further erosion. Blagden Bone Mill: Bert Salwenand Susan N. Funding to date has been provided by the Mayer conducted archaeological testing at Maine Historic Preservation Commission. the site of the Blagden bone mill, in Rock Preliminary reports published include: Creek Park, Washington, D. C. Much bone "Pentagoet Rediscovered." Le FAROG 9(2):1- refuse, in what appears to be different 7; 9(3):1-15 and "Pentagoet: A First Look at stages of reduction, was recovered. Docu­ Seventeenth Century Acadian Maine." Ms. of mentary evidence indicates that the mill paper presented at the Council of Northeast shared a raceway with a grist mill, and that Historical Archaeology meetings, on file at the machinery was powered by a water wheel. Historic Archaeology Laboratory, U. of Maine Information on the technology of bone a t Orono. Both are by Alaric Faulkner, milling from the middle through the end of 1981. the 19th century would be appreciated. Damariscove Island: A report of the 1979- MAINE 1980 intensive survey of this 17th-century fishing station near Boothbay, Maine is Fort Pentagoet: Test excavations under the nearing completion and will soon be avail­ direction of Alaric Faulkner of the Univer­ able through the Maine Historic Preservation sity of Maine at Orono, conducted in the Commission in Augusta. The report, by summer of 1981, revealed that the fortified Alaric Faulkner and Gretchen F. Faulkner, trading post and settlement of Pentagoet in contains an extensive documentary history of Castine, Maine, survives in a remarkably the site from 1622 to 1981 as well as the fine state of preservation, giving us our results of survey and excavation. Also just first look at an early Acadian site in published is an oral history of Damariscove Maine. Pentagoet (1635-1675) was built by in the early 20th century that includes a the French to establish and defend the history and a discussion of the archaeo­ southern limit of Acadia at the mouth of the logical work done on this island: Griffin, Penobscot River. The walls of its inner Carl and Alaric Faulkner, 1980, "Coming of curtain and interior structures were Age on Dameriscove Island." Northeast Folk­ partially exposed by erosion prior to 1980. lore Vol. 21 (1980 volume, published 1982). Built of slate imported from the Mayenne Available through the Northeast Folklore district of France, these walls measure .85 Society, University of Maine, Orono. m thick and thicker, rising to a height of up to 2.1 m above the original living sur­ face. Using the extensive documentation MARYLAND available for the site, we have been able to identify the commandant's quarters, the Newtown: Dennis J. Pogue, in association barracks/workshop/smi thy, and the cobble­ with the Southern Maryland Regional Preser­ stone pavement of the parade. Burned in vation Center, has conducted a month-long 1674 by the Dutch and blasted apart shortly preliminary archaeological survey of a 7.55- thereafter, the fort contains occupation acre tract located on Newtown Neck, St. debris nicely sealed beneath 1-2 m of over­ Mary's County, Maryland. The survey, funded burden--rubble from its massive slate super­ by the Archdiocese of Washington, was under­ structure. Clear evidence exists for a taken in order to delineate archaeologically coal-fueled forge and on-site manufacture of sensitive areas preparatory to launching a spall ("Dutch") type gunflints. Stonewares large-scale restoration of two historic resemble those from St. Croix (1604), La structures located there. The structures-­ Place Royale in Quebec, and the Fortress of St. Francis Xavier Church (c. 1766) and Louisbourg and are thought to come from Gel' Newtown Manor (c. 1788)--are all that in Lower Normandy. Green-glazed and yellow­ remains of a once large 18th-century glazed earthenwares similar to those known industrial, agricultural, domestiC, and from Louisbourg and the wreck of the ecclesiastical complex. Several structures Machault (1760) were found, emphasizing the and features, 18th through 20th century in conservative nature of the French utili- date, have been revealed via the systematic

31 excavation of almost 400 small shovel test Research Services, Inc., of New Castle, pits as well as 10 larger test units. The Delaware, undertook this assessment under most significant feature discovered is the the direction of Kenneth J. Basalik. The substantial brick foundation (33.5 by 45 area had been the site of residences and a feet in dimensions) of a dwelling. The large stable from the 1790s. Preliminary structure appears to date to the period results indicate that probably both 1730-1780 and may have been destroyed structural and subsurface features are in a British raid during the Revolutionary intact beneath approximately two feet of War. rubble. The extent of the impact upon the A report entitled "Archaeological surviving resources has yet to be assessed. Investigations at St. Francis Xavier Church The results of the investigation will be in Newtown (18 ST 16), st. Mary's County, detailed in a report upon completion of the Maryland" has been prepared. All records project, and the artifactual materials and artifacts are housed temporarily at the recovered will be placed with a suitable Southern Maryland Regional Preservation repository in the area. Center, St'. Mary's City, Maryland. NEW JERSEY Federal Reserve Bank Collection: Cultural Heri tage Research Services, Inc., of New Abbott Farm National Landmark and Castle, Delaware, has undertaken the deve­ Trenton/Bordentown Areas: The Cultural lopment of a historical archaeological Resource Group of Louis Berger and Associ­ interpretive exhibit of materials recovered ates, Inc. (John Hotopp and Richard Hunter, at the building site of the new Federal Principal Archaeologists; Richard Porter, Reserve Bank of Richmond, Baltimore Branch, Senior Historian) is currently performing a in the city's Inner Harbor area. The pro­ Phase II cultural resource survey in advance ject, under the direction of John P. of the completion of Interstates 195 and Mccarthy, includes exhibit design, his­ 295, and New Jersey Routes 29 and 129, in torical research, and the preparation of the Trenton/Bordentown area. In addition to specimens for display. Kenneth J. Basalik the well-known Abbott Farm prehistoric s!te, is responsible for supervision of artifact a number of early historic and industrial processing and conservation. Ted M. Payne sites are being examined. will assist with interpretive development; A series of historic farmsteads located Sharon Ann Burnston will process the faunal on the bluff overlooking Crosswicks Creek material. and the Delaware River are being studied, The collection has been stored at the including three contiguous late 17th­ Carroll House of the Peale Museum in century plantations founded by English Baltimore since being recovered in the Quakers and the early 19th-century farmstead spring of 1979. The contents of five of (partitioned from another late 17th-century approximately 15 features containing plantation) that later became the home of important quantities of artifactual Dr. Charles Conrad Abbott, the celebrated material will be examined. An attempt to antiquarian. Background research and field select a sample that will be representative investigation have not only addressed of the breadth of the site spatially and of specific sites but have also considered the the entire period of occupation on the site entire historic landscape associated with (late 18th through early 20th centuries) these farmsteads. will be made. A collection of exhibit dis­ Subsurface testing carried out from July play objects will be selected for use by the through October, 1981, located one Bank, and the remainder of the collection especially significant archaeological site will be stored by the Maryland Historical within the proposed rights-of-way: The Trust. The expected date for completion of Thomas Tindall-Robert Pearson house site, the project is mid-April, 1982. which appears to have been occupied c. 1680- 1750. In situ foundations of a probable H. and S. Bakery: Proposed expansion of the cellar were observed and associated deposits H. and S. Bakery in the Fells Point section have yielded coins dating from the reigns of of Baltimore, a National Register Historic William III and George II, glass trade District, resulted in a Cultural Resources beads, late 17th-/early 18th-century Assessment because of HUD involvement in the ceramics, and abundant faunal remains. The financing of the project. Cultural Heritage site overlies and has partially disturbed an

32 exceptionally rich portion of the Abbott ceramic waste from the Trenton Potteries Farm prehistoric, site, a situation that will (notably the Maddock China Company and the present interesting methodological problems Trenton China Company). Subsurface testing for any future large scale excavations. has concentrated on obtaining a stratified The industrial sites, all of which have sample of ceramic products, makers' marks, required the use of a backhoe to penetrate and kiln furniture. substantial layers of fill material, include an industrial district on the banks of the Boozer Pottery. Somerset County: Field in­ Delaware in South Trenton that contains the vestigations, directed by Richard Hunter in site of a mid-19th-century ironworks, three conjunction with a field methods class mill sites associated with the early 19th­ taught at Douglass College, Rutgers Univer­ century Trenton textile industry, and a sub­ si ty , were carried out from March through stantial segment of the Trenton Water Power October, 1981, at the William Boozer Ganal (built in 1831-34). By far the most Pottery, located on Sour land Mountain, important component is the site of the iron­ Somerset County, New Jersey. This small works founded by Peter Cooper in 1845 and country pottery was operating from at least later expanded as part of the Cooper-Hewitt 1820 until the 1860s manufacturing a wide empire. This site, which overlies important range of utilitarian red earthenware pottery earlier historic and prehistoric remains, and tile. Field survey and subsurface test­ was the scene of many advances in iron and ing located three structures: the potter's steel technology during the third quarter of house, a workshop, and a building containing the 19th century. The first American at least one kiln. Excavation of a 20 x 13' experiments in the open hearth method of area within the latter structure revealed steel production were carried out here, and the remains of a circular, stone-built, up­ the plant was a leader in the mass pro­ draught kiln with the kiln floor and fire duction of iron and steel structural beams chamber preserved intact. (for buildings and bridges), rail lines, An adjOining stoke-pit was filled to a and, during the Civil War, munitions. A depth of more than four feet with kiln machine shop dating from the 1860s is the wasters and kiln furniture. Both kiln and only structure of the ironworks that still stoke-pit were contained within a long rec­ stands, but archaeological testing has shown tangular building which may have contained that substantial and extensive subsurface from three to five kilns. remains are present. Trial trenching has revealed the foundations of a chain shop Whitall House: In the fall of 1981 Cultural containing a series of forge bases; remains Heri tage Research Services, Inc., of New of a blacksmith shop with a massive plinth Castle, Delaware, conducted historical for a steam hammer; and the foundations of architectural and archaeological assess­ two of the three mills (a woolen mill and a ments of the Charles Whitall House in calico printing works). National Park, New Jersey, for the Baltimore Other industrial sites include: 1) the District, United States Army Corps of 19th-century Hutchinson's Mill Site, a grist Engineers. Architectural description and and saw milling complex that lies under 10 evaluation was done by Edward Hinderliter, feet of 1930s landfill; foundations of the assisted by Julia Colflesh. Most of the grist mill were uncovered during trenching, building, a Federal style farm house built and a field survey located portions of the between 1818-1829, had collapsed following a water power system; 2) a 2i-mile stretch of fire over the previous summer. While many the Delaware and Raritan Canal (built 1831- structural details were recorded, the 34) containing six lock locations, numerous structure was found to be ineligible for the basins, and other associated structures; National Register of Historic Places. this section of the canal was abandoned in Kenneth J. Basalik directed the archaeo­ 1932-33 and filled shortly afterwards. As logical inv'estigation, assisted by Ted M. the canal is already on the National Payne, John P. McCarthy and Jack Cresson. Register, subsurface testing has concen­ Limi ted archaeological tests of the 2.65- trated on establishing the condition of the acre tract revealed domestic refuse midden buried remains; 3) the Lamberton Street deposits containing material dating from the China Dumps which are located along the edge turn of the 19th century and architectural of the Delaware River and consist of vast remains of several outbuildings shown on deposits of late 19th-/early 20th-century historical maps from the mid-19th century.

33 In addition, several prehistoric ceramic Pieter Claeson Wyckoff House, Brooklyn, New sherds were recovered from midden deposits York: David Barrett and Daniel G. Roberts associated with the house. These resources (John Milner Associates) report that, under were judged by the investigators to be the sponsorship of the City of New York significant and eligible for the National Department of Parks and Recreation, exten­ Register. sive excavations were undertaken at the A draft final report, titled "Cultural Pieter Claeson Wyckoff House in Brooklyn, Resources Reconnaissance, Borough of New York. The Wyckoff House, reputed to National Park, NJ" has been submitted to the date to the latter part of the 17th century, client. It is expected that a final version is currently being restored to its early will be submitted by 1 March 1982. The 19th-century appearance. Documentary Corps will. make arrangements for the dis­ evidence gathered to date, however, cannot posi tion of the recovered artifacts, now support a date of origin earlier than c. stored at the CHRS lab facility in New 1710. Excavations were undertaken as an Castle. integral part of the restoration effort and were concentrated in sections of the NEW YORK property, interior as well as exterior of the house, that were to be disturbed by New Windsor Cantonment: Archaeologists from construction. While an early grade directly the New York State Office of Parks, Recrea­ overlying sterile subsoil has been isolated tion, and Historic Preservation initiated a throughout much of the property, no survey of the New Windsor Cantonment under demonstrably 17th-century artifacts have the direction of Charles Fisher during the been recovered. Accordingly, preliminary 1981 season. The New Windsor Cantonment, as archaeological . evidence supports the the location of the American Revolutionary evidence derived from the available documen­ Army's last winter encampment in 1782-1783, tation that the Wyckoff House may, in fact, contains the material evidence of not be a 17th-century structure. Archaeo­ Washington's army at the close of the logical research is also focusing upon Revolutionary War. The Cantonment developed changing patterns of historic land use at in a purely rural setting, which was rapidly the Wyckoff house, as evidence by a complex transformed into a city of 7,000 to 8,000 series of 19th- and 20th-century surfaces residents. and fill levels. A report on the investi­ The area of the First Massachusetts gation is in preparation. Brigade is currently under study. This Brigade, under General John Patterson, PENNSYLVANIA included three regiments of approximately 100 men each, inhabiting 113 log huts. Vine Street Expressway, Philadelphia: John Research problems under investigation focus Milner Associates has recently begun work on on location and identification of activity an assessment of cultural resources that may areas, the spatial arrangement of the camp, be impacted by planned construction of the an9 variability within and between the log Vine Street Expressway in Philadelphia, hut sites. Pennsylvania. This project is being under­ This study emphasizes non-destructive taken for Gannett, Fleming, Corddry and techniques, and excavations will be con­ Carpenter, Inc., who, in turn, are working ducted only after the extent and condition under contract to the Pennsylvania Depart­ of the archaeological resource has been ment of Transportation. The assessment, assessed. Surface mapping combined with directed and coordinated by Alex H. historical research, soil coring, and soil Townsend, Alice Kent Schooler, Betty Cosana, chemistry have been employed during this and David Barrett is comprised of a study early phase of the project. A geophysical area extending from the Schuykill Expressway survey was conducted by Geosight, Inc., with on the west to 1-95 on the east and from a grant from the Natural Heritage Trust. Callowhill Street on the north to Race Anomalies discovered by the magnetometer Street on the south. The area of archaeo­ survey will be investigated during the next logical concern, however, lies east of Six­ season. teenth Street. Intended to assist the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation in meeting their requirements for Section 106 review, the study will define the areas

34 likely to contain significant resources and identification of this 'area is the primary will recommend appropriate measures for goal of present research. mitigation of construction impact. In order Most surprising has been the discovery to achieve the objectives, three study teams that the New Jersey bands of Lenape, at have been formed in order to divide the least those once occupying the region south areas of research into historical develop­ of the Rari tan River, followed a course ment, socio-economic patterning and rather different from that of the Pennsyl­ development, and extant resources. The pro­ vania Lenape. Both the ecology and ject area is known to encompass resources peculiarities of culture history seems to ranging in date from the last 17th to the have caused the Jersey Lenape to acculturate 20th centuries, including the early more rapidly than their northern neighbors community of Callowhill that lay beside the (Munsee, Esopus, etc.) who have yet to be Delaware River immediately north of the defined adequately. Internal dynamics historic city. Included among the extant (relationships between bands and land resources is a portion of Philadelphia's holdings in New Jersey are being studied to Chinatown community. A preliminary assess­ determine if borders, cultural relations or ment report is in preparation. prehistoric patterns can be inferred from post-contact interactions. Of interest to us Lenape Research: During the year 1981 are the results of the separation between Professor Marshall Becker of West Chester the Jersey and the Pennsylvania Lenape and State College, funded by a grant from the the involvement of the Jersey Lenape in National Endowment for the Humanities (RS- Pennsylvania's Colonial history. In 200091-80-2094), identified and surveyed a particular, the discovery of an original series of archives in a search for informa­ deed dating from 1734 provides direct tion relating to the Lenape people during evidence to specific origins of the famous the Colonial period. The primary goal of Teedyuscung (Cf. Wallace, Anthony F. C. this project was to locate records that 1949, King of the Delawares: Tedyuscung would enable us to identify patterns of 1700-1763. Philadelphia: University of culture change between 1600 and 1750. These Pennsylvania Press). Discovery of an early data help us to reconstruct Lenape lifestyle source (1734) indicating his land rights at Contact as well as to provide information near Tom's River and the tentative identi­ permitting improved interpretation of fication of his relatives help us to under­ archaeological data. stand population movements and social One of the greatest achievements was the dynamics in the Forks of Delaware 20 years location of data indicating more clearly the later and during the French and Indian War. margins of Lenape territory. We have Excavations testing the suspected generally assumed that the western Lenape residence area of the Montgomery Site (36- boundary before 1675 was along the fall line CH-60) were inconclusive. Artifacts between the Delaware and the Susquehanna, believed to date from the early 18th century and this appears to have been the case. To were recovered but could be derived from the the south the border continues to be vague, immediately following colonial occupation probably reaching to a buffer zone near the (post 1733). No features were revealed that middle of the state of Delaware. The most could be associated with the Lenape occupa­ clear definition is now emerging to the tion (ca. 1720-1733). north, where the Lehigh River seems to have been the boundary. The Forks of Delaware SOUTHEAST region appears to have been a largely vacant buffer zone, inhabited after 1700 only by Reported by Kathleen A. Deagan dislocated Jersey Lenape, some Munsee, and a variety of other immigrant populations. FLORIDA Demonstrating the distinctions between the Lenape and the Munsee has been a simple St. Augustine: The Florida State University task. Some socio-political separation field school in historical archeology between the Lenapean speakers on either side completed its fifth year of investigation of the Delaware are now appearing. The into the 16th century component of the northern boundary between the Lenape of New Spanish town. Working under the direction Jersey and the bands oriented toward the of Kathleen Deagan, the student crew tested lower Hudson are not defined, and the four sites within the 16th century sett1e-

35 .. mente Field supervisors were Charles located in the center of Tampa, contained a Stevens (FSU) , Richard Johnson (FSU), Darcy prehistoric component and evidence of 19th McMahon (FSU) , and Bill Burger (University and early 20th century occupation as well as of South Florida). The objectives of the a portion of a previously unknown cemetery 1981 season were to delineate the street associated with Fort Brooke, a frontier layout and settlement plan of the 16th American fort which existed from 1824 until century town; to learn more specifically 1882. about intra-lot patterning and to continue The remains of 126 historic Indians, the on-going study of the first adaptations soldiers and probably settlers were removed, of the Spaniards to Florida. studied and turned over to the City of Tampa The archeologists work with two his­ and the Seminole Tribe for reinterment. torians, Dr. Eugene Lyon (consultant) and Analysis of the materials from the site is Dr. Paul Hoffman (Louisiana State Univer­ on-going. Dr. Curtis Wienker, a physical sity), zooarcheologist Dr. Betsy Reitz anthropologist, was retained by the Piper (University of Georgia) and ethnobotanist firm and has recently completed his descrip­ Ms. Margaret Scarry (University of tion and analysis of the human osteological Michigan). Results of the 1981 season and dental remains from the site. Results included the locating of several original from consultants performing trace element streets in the settlement, and the rejection analysis and dating tests are of others as original, through the testing forthcoming. of settlement plan hypotheses generated Broad categories of artifacts recovered through historical research and previous include: (1) several types of glass ceramic archeological results. It was also con­ beads; (2) German silver medallions, gorgets firmed that the Spanish town exhibited a and braclets; (3) silver coins; (4) metal highly patterned layout with grid plan and glass containers; (5) table knives and streets, wattle and daub structures fronting clasp knives; ( 6 ) military and ci vilian on the streets, and barrel wells located but tons; (7) musket balls; (8) nails; (9 ) conSistently at 12-15 meters off the lithic projectile points, tools and flakes; streets. Previously observed patterns of and (10) aboriginal pottery. Although Spanish-Indian admixture in foodways, and analysis of the archaeological material has the ceramic assemblage continued to be in not been completed as yet, it is anticipated evidence. The report on the town plan was that data from the historic component of the completed and submitted to the St. site will fill gaps in the incomplete docu­ Augustine Restoration Foundation, Inc., St. mentary records concerning the second Augustine (312 pp.). quarter of the 19th century at Fort Brooke and the frontier settlement which later Lignum Vitae Key: In October 1981, the became Tampa. More specifically, as the Florida Division of ArChives, History and earliest historic cemetery in the area, the Records Management conducted test excava­ site is· expected to reflect the demographic tions at two locations on Lignum Vitae Key structure of the population during the time in South Florida (H. Baker). The work was the cemetery was utilized. Analysis of soil done in an effort to identify and date the samples from the stomach area of the skele­ ruins of two stone buildings on the island. tons and trace element analysis of bone Analysis of recovered material is incomplete samples may yield dietary and health data. but both structures were apparently occupied Excavation of the graves also produced use­ in the mid-19th century. This research is ful information conerning burial practices, part of an on-going study of settlement coffin types, and materials available for patterning and resource utilization in the coffin construction. Florida Keys. A final report of the work on Although physical traits can be used to Lignum Vitae Key will be available in June distinguish between individuals of 1982. Amerindian and non-Amerindian ancestry, tribal identity at this site must be deter­ Fort Brooke - Tampa: In June of 1980 the mined from artifactual evidence. For City of Tampa, Florida contracted with Piper example, careful excavation revealed a bead­ Archaeological Research, Inc. of St. work pattern of a traditional Seminole style Petersburg, Florida to mitigate the impact which, together with other data, verifies of a proposed parking garage on cultural the historical record of the presence of resources. The construction impact area, Seminoles at the Fort.

36 The site is considered a major source of consisted of both prehistoric and mid-19th information on the material culture of the century occupations, both of which were Seminoles during a period of rapid cultural apparently oriented towards the resources adaptation. Differential social status provided by the river waters. The informa­ within the Indian population may be tion provided by the archaeological investi­ evidenced in the grave goods associated with gations of the Orange Factory, one of North the burials or by the absence of such goods. Carolina's ea~liest Piedmont mill town Perhaps must importantly, the cemetery site complexes, was added to the National has the potential of helping to better Register nomination and aided in determining understand the process of acculturation the nature of data recovery operations. during a period of contact and conflict between two cultures. SOUTH CAROLINA When analysis and stUdies are complete, a final report of the findings at 8Hi998 will Historic Brattonsville: Carolina Archaeo­ be written and submitted to the City of logical Services (Columbia, S.C.) recently Tampa and will be available to interested completed archaeological and architectural scholars. investigations at Historic Brattonsville, a National Register property in York County, GEORGIA South Carolina. The work, which was funded by the York County Historic Commission Robert Toombs Site: A two phase project was through a matching grant by the South conducted at the Robert Toombs Historic site Carolina Department of Archives and History, in Washington, Wilkes County, Georgia focused on structural-specific testing and between March and July, 1981. The project architectural reconstruction at the Revo­ was carried out under the auspices of the lutionary House Spring (about 1776-1850), Georgia Department of Natural Resources and the Homestead House Well, Kitchen and conducted by Morgan R. Crook, Jr., Principal Servants' Dwelling (about 1823-1838). The Investigator and Patricia D. O'Grady, Pro­ major efforts of the historical and archaeo­ ject Archaeologist. The purpose of this logical research were: 1) to discover the archaeological study was to provide informa­ presence, nature and date of construction of tion required for restoration and interpre­ a possible springhouse and wellhouse on the tation of four standing outbuildings and property; 2) to verify the function, use and relic landscape features on'the grounds, and depositional history of the Homestead House their relationship with Robert Toombs, who Ki tchen; and 3) to provide archi tectural owned and occupied the residence between plans and profiles of existing and indicated 1837 and 1885. Based on archaeological and structures for interpretive reconstruc­ architectual data gathered, three and tion. Archaeological testing was conducted possibly all four structures were standing at the site during March and April 1981 during Toombs occupancy and served a variety under the direction of S. Gayle Russell, of functions over time. Evidence also Project Archaeologist. Historical and indicates that the property as a whole architectural research and drawings were served primarily as a residence/ ci ty-farm prepared by Rebecca G. Fulmer, Architectural rather than a full scale working farm or Historian. Crew members and research plantation. assistants included James B. Legg, Friedrick P. Hamer and Lori J. Brown. Dr. Lesley M. NORTH CAROLINA Drucker served as Principal Investigator for the project. A final report is currently in Flat and Little River Valleys: Documen­ preparation and is expected by late July tation efforts, combined with field investi­ 1981. gations, by Mid-Atlantic Archaeological Research, Inc. under the direction of Ronald TENNESSEE A. Thomas, have been oriented towards the delineation and explication of mill sites Chattanooga: The Jeffrey L. Brown Institute and early industrial complexes in two of Archaeology, Univeristy of Tennessee at portions of the Flat and Little River Chattanooga, conducted intensive testing at valleys of Piedmont North Carolina. The the site of Bluff Furnace, an ante-bellum project areas, which included portions or blast furnace situated on the banks of the all of three National Register properties, Tennessee River near downtown Chattanooga.

37 ,.

Built by the East Tennessee Iron Manufac­ areas to be developed beyond the limits of turing Company as a charcoal-fired furnace the French Quarter with an initial settle­ in 1854, the furnace was converted to an ment beginning about 1810. The focus of the iron cupola, hot-blast, coke-fired furnace research is the testing of the premise that in 1858-59. Political strife presaging the the various neighborhoods of New Orleans Ci vil War closed the furnace in 1861, and maintained a markedly different cultural the furnace was disassembled in 1862. character given comparable socio-economic During the Federal occupation of the city in status but different ethnic and cultural 1863 the last remnants of the furnace were backgrounds. destroyed. Bluff Furnace's early use of Both of these excavations are part of a coke as a fuel is part of its regional long term project in which a number of industrial historical significance, and the different sites from around the city have site is on the National Register. been, and will be, examined sufficiently to A seven week field school on the site obtain a sample of several neighborhoods and during the summer of 1981 was directed by all ethnic and socio-economic classes. Of Dr. Nicholas Honerkamp, Director of UTC' s particular interest are the potentially Institute of Archaeology. The field school differential food ways, including spirits, was followed by a five week contract excava­ plus the acquisition and use of various tion funded under a grant from the Lyndhurst items of material culture. There is a Foundation and administered by Bluff Furnace strong local New Orleans tradition that the of Chattanooga, Inc., a non-profit organi­ various neighborhoods maintained a unique zation steering the proposed development of integrity through time and one questions the Bluff Furnace site as an historical whether this perception can be borne out by park. Excavations at the site revealed the archaeology. At present, this project substantial remains of the furnace is being done wi th volunteer labor with enclosure, casting shed and related incidental expenses being covered by structures. Evidence of the conversion of donations from the excavation team and minor the furnace from charcoal to coke fuel was support in supplies and equipment by the present in a greatly modified furnace base. Univerity of New Orleans Department of Machine parts, castings and structural Anthropology and Geography. Preliminary fittings were recovered, and chemical results will be presented at the 1983 Annual analysis of raw materials, by-products and Meeting of the Louisiana Archaeological castings will be made to document the pro­ Society, the dates and location of which duction capabilities of the furnace and will be announced at a later date. illuminate its progressive role in the southern Appalachian iron manufacturing PACIFIC WEST region during the nineteenth century. A report on the research is expected in March, Reported by Paul J. F. Schumacher 1982. CALIFORNIA GULF STATES Walnut Update: John F. Elliott (Scientific Normally Reported By Anne Fox Resource Survey, Inc. Historian) presented a Cultural Resource Management Plan to the LOUISIANA (reported by Kathleen Deagan) City of Walnut which included a proposal to compile a master inventory of archaeo­ New Orleans: Between February and June, logical/historical sites within the City of 1981, the Delta Chapter of the Louisiana Walnut. In addition, the plan included a Archaeological Society, under the plan whereby each developer/applicant would supervision of J. Richard Shenkel of the be assessed a set cost which would be placed University of New Orleans, conducted excava­ in a general cultural resource management tions at the Lemann Site, a mid-nineteenth fund. The intent of this plan is to share century townhouse located in the Uptown the cost of the resource program among all (American) section of New Orleans. of the developers; the present system Activi ties were then shifted to the Cizek stipulates that the landowner is to be Si te, a series of multiple houses in the billed exclusively if a resource is dis­ Downtown (Creole) section of New Orleans in covered on a particular project~ The City Fauberg Marigny which is one of the first of Walnut is presently considering adoption of the SRS plan.

38 Orange County Preservation: SRS recently been conducted on Tribal lands in Arizona, conducted a survey which resulted in the New Mexico, and Utah in 1981. These pro­ documentation of two significant Orange jects have varied from small-scale surveys County cultural resources. The survey, of drill pads and water lines to large-scale submi t ted for review to the Orange County field work involving thousands of hectares. Historical Commission, located two standing About half of these projects have walls of the widow Serrano Adobe believed to encountered cultural resources, most of have been constructed ca. 1870, shortly which are from the historic period, mainly after the Serrano clan was evicted from Navajo. Rancho Canada de Los A1isos near modern day Doyel and Klara Kelley (NNCRMP) continue E1 Toro. The site appears to have to work with Navajo people to determine the experienced very little disturbance and may ethnic significance of particular cultural contain important subsurface information resources and to develop policies consistent pertaining to the Californio adjustment wi th these findings. As part of this during Americanization. Immediate steps effort, Kelley has conducted ethnohistoric were taken by SRS to stabilize the structure research for several archaeological pro­ by adding a make-shift roof which will pro­ jects. In three localities scheduled for tect the adobe from the winter rains. SRS range reseeding (Carrizo Mountains, was given permission to excavate the site by Arizona, Whea tfields-Canyon de Chelly, Serrano descendants; SRS hopes to proceed in Arizona, and an areas within a 60 mile the spring of 1982 using volunteers. radius of Gallup New Mexico), research was In addition, one section of the Serrano focused on local Navajo land-use patterns barn was found to be particularly interest­ and local Navajos were interviewed con­ ing and was removed to the SRS lab for cerning specific historic sites. They were preservation and study. The artifact con­ also asked about sacred sites in accordance sists of a redwood panel which in later with the provisions of the American Indian times functioned as a door; the panel Religious Freedom Act (PL 95-341). Archaeo­ measures 3 feet by 5.5 feet. The external logical surveys in these range reseeding surface contains a series of Basque carvings areas have been conducted by Lauri Warner which depict various scenes of Basque (NNCRMP) and, Mark Elson near Cove, Phillip culture, i.e. hunting, sheepherding and mis­ Stewart (NNCRMP) in Wheatfie1ds-Canyon de cellaneous historical graffiti. The dates Chelly, and Kris Langenfeld (NNCRMP) in the 1886, 1887, 1888 are clearly discernible as Gallup area. A large proportion of sites well as the Basque name "Juan Gless". Henry recorded in each survey have been historic Serrano, present owner of the property, (mostly 20th century) Navajo. claimed that the redwood planks were brought Kelley is also working on an analysis of to their prop~rty from the near-by Glenn ethnohistorical and archaeological data on Ranch years ago. Juan G1ess, an area sheep­ Navajo economy and land use in the Black herder, was known to have leased the Creek Valley •. Kelley's ethnoarchaeological pasturage in the 1880's. According to noted and ethnohistorical study of the Chaco Basque ethnohistorian, Dr. Sonia Eagle, the Canyon Ranch is now completed and will be door is unique; the majority of Basque available in the near future. Kelley and carvings of this nature were simple etchings Genevieve Pino (NNCRMP) are collaborating in rock or on the surface of tree bark. SRS with Anne Cully, Marcie Donaldson, and Molly is planning a publication on this unique S. Toll of the Ethnobotany Laboratory of the artifact of Basque culture. The artifact as Uni versi ty of New Mexico on an ethnohis­ an expression of art will be examined by torical and ethnobotanical study of Navajo Roger J. Desautels; the historical implica­ farming near Chaco Canyon. tions of the item are under study by John F. Russel T. Fehr and Linda Popelish Elliott. (NNCRMP) have recorded 41 sites, a large proportion of which are historic Navajo, SOUTHWEST along Navajo Route 13 that crosses the Chuska Mountains from Red Rock to Reported By James Ayres Lukachukai, Arizona. Work has been com­ pleted on the Navajo Route 41 survey on Navajo Nation Cultural Resource Management Black Mesa in Arizona, under the direction Program (NNCRMP): under the general direc­ of Laurance D. Linford (NNCRMP). The survey tion of David E. Doyel, 200 projects have inventory includes 47 Navajo sites. Scott

39 C,. Russell of Arizona Stat.e University has Silver Reef, an intrusive abandoned 19th completed an ethnohistorical study about how century mining town. This non-Mormon these sites reflect changes in the 20th settlement, which had a population of well century Navajo economy of Black Mesa. The over 1000 by 1880, was founded in 1876 but study includes informant data on the had already become an effective ghost town individual sites. by the 1890's. An intensive surface col­ Work continues on the Navajo Indian Irri­ lecting program recovered a very fragmentary gation Project (NIIP) near Farmington, N.M. but scientifically valuable range of domes­ .Recently completed excavation reports for tic artifacts from the core of the NIIP Blocks III (Lawrence Vogler, NNCRMP) community, which consists of a few standing and 'Blocks VI and VII (Terry Del Bene, buildings and the stone foundations of many NNCRMP) include discussions of historic other structures. A small test excavation Navajo sites. Numerous historicaf Navajo was also opened within what had been Silver sites were excavated on Blocks VIII-XI under Reef's China Town. Porcelain sherds, opium the direction of Lawrence Vogler, Joseph pipe fragments and brass opium cans, along Anderson (NNCRMP) , and Dennis Gilpin wi th Anglo-American items adopted by the (NNCRMP) during the 1981 field season. Chinese, were recovered from the surface of Analyses of the NIIP Navajo sites employ this enclave with smaller but identical frontier and acculturation theory; detailed samples coming from the excavation. studies of historic artifacts are also in Plans for the summer of 1982 include the progress. completion of the surface collecting program and the excavation of one or more structures UTAH at Silver Reef. The historic cemetery inventory will continue and one of the early Penn's Archaeology of the Historic American Mormon agricultural village sites may be West Project: A long te.rm study of the tested. Materials recovered this summer are historic settlement of the American West as being cleaned and analyzed at the University seen in a particular region was initiated in Museum. Eventually they will form the core May with a two phase field season in south­ of a historic-archaeological museum planned western Utah. This area, and adjacent zones by the Washington County Commissioners in in Arizona and Nevada, is a unique environ­ the restoration of the Wells Fargo Building mental and cultural region known his­ at Silver Reef. torically as "Dixie". First settled in the 1850' s by Mormon pioneers it received its Lott's Farm: historical archaeological and name during the 1860's from attempts to grow architectural investigations were conducted cot ton along the Virgin River. Robert L. at the site of Lott's Farm located in Clear Schuyler (University Museum and Department Creek Canyon 23 miles southwest of Rich­ of American Civilization, University of field, Utah. Bruce Hawkins reports that the Pennsylvania), assisted by Elizabeth investigations were conducted by the Crowell, Joel Fry and James O'Connor (Penn. Antiquities Section, Utah Division of State Ph.D. Program in Historical Archaeology) History between May and September 1981. The spent the first four-week phase doing a farm will be impacted by construction of detailed above-ground investigation of the Interstate 70 through the canyon. The farm six inactive cemeteries at Grafton, Hamblin, was established in 1877 and was built for Harrisburg, Hebron and Silver Reef in one .of John Smiley Lot t 's two wives. The Washington County. Each burial ground, the Lotts continued to occupy the farm until first four being LDS (Mormon) and the last 1942 when it was abandoned. The investi­ two representing Catholic and Protestant gators hoped to show that the farm was interments at the abandoned mining town of affected by the introduction of mining and Silver Reef, were mapped and inventoried. A railroads to the area in the 1890s. Studies descriptive and photographic record was made proved otherwise and indicated a relatively of all grave sites. This detailed survey is unchanged subsistence level of farming until the first step in a continuing study of the the late 1930s. A final report is scheduled many local historic cemeteries in the county for February, 1982. that contain burials dating between 1860 and 1920. In June a second phase involving archaeo­ logical survey and excavation focused on

40 CANADA: ONTARIO assisted T. Kenyon and D. Faux in the rescue excavation of an artifactually rich deposit Reported by Karlis Karklins apparently relating to the activities of John Croker, a merchant situated near the Macdonell House: Loca ted on the Ottawa mouth of the Grand River. Three dozen River in Pointe Fortune near the Quebec coins, a pair of spectacles, fragments of border, the Macdonell house was the subject over 100 ceramic vessels, and tailoring of a three-part research project (his­ articles including civilian and military torical, architectural and archaeological) buttons were amongst the artifacts recovered sponsored by the property owners, the from the small shallow deposit dating to the Ontario Heritage Foundation. John Macdonell mid-1840s. (1768-1850) retired to Pointe Fortune in 1813 with his Metis wife Magdeleine Poitras Two highway corridor surveys conducted by and their children. Prior to his arrival at the Southwestern Archaeological Office, Pointe Fortune, Macdonell had been employed Ontario Ministry of Transportation and first as a clerk and then as a partner in the Communications, London, located a variety of North West Company. In addition to the historic period sites. Along Highway 7/8 large stone house which he built ca. 1817, from Stratford to New Hamburg, formerly the Macdonell's holdings included approximately Huron Road, a total of 12 19th-century one thousand acres of land, grist and saw domestic sites were identified and related mills, an ice house, smoke house, retail to the early settlement of the Huron Tract. store, wood sheds, barns, forwarding shed, In addition, the site of an early cheese and numerous other farm buildings. Concur­ factory and that of an as yet undocumented rent with his farming operations, Macdonell 19th century red earthenware pottery were was involved in several business ventures, located. No above ground architecture was as well as being appointed judge in the extant on these sites. West of Hespeler, on Ottawa District and serving in the Parlia­ a proposed bypass, the former site of the ment of Upper Canada. Ellis lime kiln was identified. This early During the 1981 field season, four crew 19th century draw kiln was constructed of members under the direction of Tom Reitz, granite and limestone boulders, and the com­ spent 17 weeks excavating various areas of plex included a small limestone quarry and a the property. In excess of 20,000 arti­ slaking pit. facts were uncovered in the-course of the excavations. The most significant find of Van Egmond House: (Extracted from the News­ the summer was a foundation measuring 20 by letter of the Museum of Indian Archaeology, 33 ft. which is believed to have belonged to University of Western Ontario, 1981, Vol. 3, a retail store contracted for in 1822. No.1). Built by Colonel Anthony Van Egmond Several structural features related to in 1846, this 2-1/2-storey brick building Macdonell house proper were also delineated. with a single storey kitchen wing is located Of particular note were a series of basement in Egmondville, Huron County. Typical of window wells along the west facade of the the Canadian vernacular interpretation of house. Excavation adjacent to the east Georgian style architecture, the structure facade uncovered a stone wall of unknown was deemed of sufficient historical and origin. Its orientation with the east architectural importance by a local group of facade is extremely irregular and requires citizens (the Van Egmond Foundation) to further investigation although it may relate warrant its restoration and the reconstruc­ to an earlier gallery or porch on this side tion of several outbuildings. To aid this of the house. endeavor, three archaeological investiga­ A research manuscript regarding the 1981 tions headed by Robert G. Mayer, Contract excavation is being prepared and will be Archaeologist with the Museum of Indian deposited with the Ontario Heritage Founda­ Archaeology, London, have been carried out tion, Toronto, and the Ministry of Culture thus far, resulting in the discovery of an and Recration, Eastern Region, Ottawa. impressive array of sub-surface architec­ tural features and structural remains. Grand River Rescue Project: William A. Fox The first investigation uncovered the reports that in 1981, the Southwestern front verandah's original stone foundation Archaeological Office of the Ontario and allowed certain construction details to Ministry of Culture and Recreation, London, be incorporated into the present recon-

41 structed version. The second investigation chinas, porcelains, red-clay tobacco pipes centered upon midden deposi ts and and German porcela~n tobacco pipes, as well fortuitously discovered the stone founda­ as;stem-glassware retrieved at the Bethune­ tions of what are presently assumed to be a thompson House were absent in the employees' privy and a possible smoke house. A number house assemblage. A complete artifact and of brick-lined paths in back of the house excavation report is in preparation and which are not related to the original con­ should be completed in early 1982. Partial struction period were also discovered. analysis indicates that the Bethune­ The third investigation focused upon the Thompson House was occupied from 1785 carriage house that is known from period through 1981. photographs to have existed but whose exact location and dimensions could not be con­ Scharf Site: The Nathaniel Scharf site firmed. This investigation was performed (BhFx-1) is located in the southeast half of almost entirel.y by 29 grade 13 students from Lot 3, Concession 3, March Township - now the local Seaforth District High School who the city of Kanata. The homestead and farm volunterred their mornings for four days to buildings are situated on a slight rise excavate under supervised conditions in surrounded by low-lying fields of very poor miserable weather. Their stout-hearted farm land. Originally allocated to a efforts were rewarded with unspectacular but William English in 1821, it was sold in the still very important results. Evidence early 1830s to Enoch Scharf who had settled (decayed wood fragments and moulds of wood nearby and needed additional land for his beams in the subsoil) was discovered that is expanding family. The site was occupied by interpreted as being the remains of the succeeding generations of Scharfs until building's mud sills. 1956, when it was sold and the log house and These investigations also recovered a two barns were subsequently removed. rich yield of over 10,000 specimens repre­ The proximity of the Scharf site to Earl senting household artifacts, bric-a-brac, J. March Secondary School, its ability to building hardware and domestic refuse that provide many seasons of viable excavation, were deposited over time throughout the the availability of local research sources occupation period of the house. and the relatively low-grade archaeological importance of the site made it an ideal Bethune-Thompson House: From May until mid­ location for the field school which is an August 1981, the Ontario Heritage Foundation important part of a grade 11 advanced-level sponsored a second season of archaeological course in archaeology offered by the history work at the Bethune-Thompson House in department of the school. The field school Williamstown. The OHF purchased the pro­ is operated· by Helen Armstrong under the perty in 1977, with the intention to restore supervision and with the assistance of Phill and reconstruct structures and past land­ Wr.ight and Peter· Engelbert of the Eastern scaping arrangements. Archaeological Archaeological Office of the Ministry of activities were concentrated north of the Culture and Recreation, Ottawa. The excava­ house, where a refuse midden had been tions are intended to discover as much as located during the 1980 excavations. Struc­ possible about the life style of the Scharf tures related to the house were also family, and to confirm or disprove the examined, and test excavations were under­ hypothesis that, given the poor farm land of taken on a property adjacent to the Bethune­ March Township, this life style could not Thompson House, where farm employees once have reached a very high level of prospe­ resided during the 19th and early 20th rity. centuries. The 1981 excavations were In May, 1980, work was concen tra ted in directed by Marc Lavoie, assisted by Stephen the area around the location of the log Powell and four anthropology students. house. Units were opened around the The artifacts retrieved in 1981 included periphery of the cellar depression and a great variety of pearlwares, white refined yielded the following collection: fragments earthenwares, stonewares, ironstones and of a variety of bottles and glass stoppers; some porcelain. Also recovered were. a animal bones, butchered and gnawed; buttons, variety of glass and metal artifacts. mostly from work clothes, but also one very Status differences were reflected in the dainty ceramic specimen; rusty metal, mostly artifact assemblages from the main house and farm machinery parts; nails of every variety that occupied by the employees. Bone from the 1850s on; ceramic fragments, none

42 bigger than 5 by 5 cm, and no two alike in approximately 1 m. east of its anticipated pattern or color; rotten wooden planks on location. This foundation consisted of the southern periphery, and a mysterious large rounded limestone boulders held jumble of modern bricks with no mortar together by a crude mortar. The width of attached and no sign of burning below the the foundation was just over 1 m. Further surface at the northeast corner of the excavation revealed the wall of a log struc­ house. ture 3 m. outside the fort wall and buried In 1981, it was decided to extend the in the next deeper stratum. The exposed excavation of the area around the log house portion of the log wall was almost 2 m. high location farther to the east and to open two and 2 m. long. It was piece en piece test trenches around an adjacent small stone construction, and the exterior surfaces of foundation - one inside the west wall and the oak logs had been chopped smooth. One one outside the east wall. The units opened corner of the wall was exposed, and it to the east of the house were very reward­ showed that the butt ends of many logs had ing, yielding the same kinds of artifacts as been left wedgeshaped as when the trees were recovered in 1980, but in greater first felled. The logs were in an excellent quantities. ·An interesting pattern of state of preservation due to the high water­ stones may represent a step down into a table of the river silts in which they were summer kitchen, as well as stones placed buried. The excavation was closed on under one of its walls. September 30, but laboratory analysis and Test trench one - inside the west wall of archival research will continue throughout the stone foundation - was excavated to the winter. Funding is presently being bedrock, which was presumably the floor of sought for an extensive field effort in 1982 the structure. Evidence of whitewashing was and subsequent analysis in the 1982-83 discovered on the wall, and a collection of winter. metal hand tools was found lying on the bedrock. The work in test trench two SASKATCHEWAN required the painstaking recording and lifting of a mass of stones, some mortar and Fort Carl ton: During 1979, Saska tchewan rotten wood in an effort to discover whether Museum of Natural History staff under the this represented a collapsed walloI' a sup­ direction of Ian Dyck completed the last of port for a wall, and to try to discover the 21 seasons of exploration at Fort Carlton location of the doorway. Provincial Historic Park. Fort Carlton The records and artifacts of the 1981 (H.B.Co. 1810-85) was a provisions post and excavation are now being analysed by this transportation hub for the Northwestern year's class, and eventually the findings of Interior fur trade. Situated on the North each year's excavations will be compiled Saskatchewan River midway between Forts into a final report on the Nathaniel Scharf Garry and Edmonton, Carlton was one of a site. string of posts spanning the top of the Northern Plains. It facilitated eastwest traffic on the river by canoe, York boat and CANADA: PRAIRIE REGION steam boat and over land by ox cart. Carlton also provided a connection to the Reported by Peter J. Priess rich northern Athabaska district via the Carlton-Green Lake trail. MANITOBA Early archaeological research at Fort Car 1 ton, during 1964-69, focused on late Upper Fort Garry: Greg Monks, assisted by phases of the complex and was motivated by Biron Ebell, began test excavations on the pressing needs of reconstruction which August 17 in Bonnycastle Park, near the was then in progress. The present research, forks of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers, to however, was mainly concerned with exploring locate what remains of the west wall and areas outside the reconstructed fort for southwest bastion of Upper Fort Garry. The purposes of long range planning. We fort., dismantled in 1882, was the center of searched for, and found, evidence of earlier economic, SOCial, and political life in forts, gardens, grave yards, cart trails, Rupertsland from the time of its construc­ river crossings, metis farms, and cottage tion in 1836. The first test trench industrial complexes, all within one km. of encountered the foundation of the fort wall the reconstruction.

43 A compilation of information pertaining resource sites of prehistoric or historic to late phases of Fort Carlton, derived origin were identified along the proposed mainly from unpublished archaeological highway right-of-way and immediate reports prepared in the 1960' s, is near vicinity. Only one site of historical completion and will soon appear in the resource significance was found that would Pastlog manuscript series. A general be directly affected by construction. The history based on archival materials is also Site, Silver City, a late 19th century slated for the series and further archaeo­ mining community was subjected to extensive logical reports on the recent work will test excavation to provide archaeological follow. A 26 minute colour film interpre­ clearance prior to highway construction. ting the history of Fort Carlton from an Results of the Bow Valley Parkway H.R.I.A. archaeological viewpoint was premiered in will appear in Parks Canada's Manuscript August 1981. The film is entitled Report Series. "Carlton's Buried Past". A single loan copy is presently available from the Museum, but Cave and Basin - Banff National Park: In additional copies will be available for loan July, 1981, a small field crew under the through Sask Media or for sale through the direction of the reporter conducted an area film maker, Robert J. Long, Box 69, survey of Cave and Basin, the site of the Balgonie, Saskatchewan, SOG OEO, in 1982. original Banff Hot Springs ( 1885) • The survey was carried out in order to complete CANADA: WESTERN REGION an historical resources inventory for the area. The inventory will be incorporated Reported by Don Steer into the Cave and Basin Interpreti ve Management Unit's development plan ALBERTA scheduled for completion in 1985. The plan includes stabilization, restoration and Trans Canada Highway - Banff National Park: reconstruction, as well as on-site interpre­ An Historical Resources Impact Assessment tation. Results of the survey included was carried out by the Archaeological delineation of water supply and drainage Research Section, Parks Canada, Western systems, certain structural remains and Region, along the Trans Canada Highway in refuse concentrations. Partial excavation Banff National Park during the summer of of a major refuse area is scheduled for 1981. The field stUdies were conducted in 1982. response to twinning and upgrading of kilo­ metres 0 to 13. The research program Lake Louise - Banff National Park: Under involved archival file searches to determine the supervision of the reporter and assisted the number and location of previously by John Porter, an Historical Resources recorded sites in the study area, as well as Impact Assessment was carried out in the extensive foot traverses and subsurface Lake Louise area of Banff National Park in testing of the highway .right-of-way and August 1981 by Parks Canada. The H.R.I.A. significant peripheral areas. Twenty-three was implemented in response to scheduled historical resource sites of prehistoric or development of several land areas at the historic origin were located. Mi tigative Lake Louise townsite. Although no new his­ measures were recommended and implemented torical resource sites were identified for each individual site ranging from site during the field period, a number of recording to site excavation. The research previously recorded sites were relocated and project was under the direction of the re-assessed in light of the proposed reporter with the assistance of John Porter. development. These resources included both Results of the H.R.!.A. will appear in Parks prehistoric and historic sites. All his­ Canada's Manuscript Report Series. toric sites dated to Canadian Pacific Rail­ way construction activities (1880s) and sub­ Bow Valley Parkway - Banff National Park: sequent logging period which continued up to The reporter conducted a second major the 1920s. Historical Resources Impact Assessment in Banff National Park in May and June, 1981. BRITISH COLUMBIA This research program involved an assessment of Kilometres 18 to 29 of the Bow Valley Fisgard Island Storehouse: Archaeological Parkway (Highway 1A). Th:i.rteen historical excavations under the direction of the

44 reporter, with the assistance of Merlin ceramic dates from the third quarter of the Rosser and Susan Currie, were carried out at eighteenth century. White salt-glazed Fisgard Island off the southwest coast of stonewares, lead-glazed slipwares, tin­ Vancouver Island over a six-week period in enamelled wares (especially delftware), and August and September, 1981. Located at the creamwares are abundant in the collections; entrance to Esquimalt Harbour, Fisgard pearlwares are minimally represented; Island became the site of the first whitewares are absent. Highland House most permanent lighthouse in operation on the likely was used as a temporary reSidence, a west coast of Canada in 1860. Fisgard retreat of sorts, for members and friends of Lighthouse was principally established as a the Codrington family when visiting the guide to assist vessels entering the harbour island for relaxation including hunting of after dusk. Several ancillary buildings European fallow deer and African guinea fowl appeared on the island wi thin the first imported for that purpose. The site there­ decade of operation. In 1864, a brick fore was occupied sporadically rather than storehouse used to house oil and water was continuously during the eighteenth century. constructed central to the island. The Nine structures built of native limestone building remained intact until its removal were identified and mapped including six in 1952. The 1981 archaeological excavation buildings, a cistern, a water catchment, and program by Parks Canada concentrated on the a bordering wall, which are in varying site of the storehouse. The study was con­ states of preservation ranging from ducted to gather structural data for on-site generally intact (Le., walls upright) to reconstruction of the building to the 1860s completely collapsed. Documentary period. Complete excavation of the struc­ eVidence, which confirms the existence of tural remains and immediate surrounding area the site in the latter eighteenth century, gave detailed informa tion relevant to suggests construction took place in several several associated building features, phases although these have yet to be including a bonded stone foundation, painted verified on the ground. Research was brick walls, a cement parged brick water supported by a Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dis­ cistern, cut sandstone belting for door sertation Research Abroad Fellowship lintels, and window components. Also (DHEW:OE) and an Andrew Mellon Pre-Doctoral recovered was data connected to the con­ Fellowship at the University of Pittsburgh. struction and operation. of the Fisgard Lighthouse itself. HAITI A short summary report on the field season has been submitted for publication in The Department of Anthropology at the Parks Canada's Research Bulletin. A final, University of Florida is continuing analysis detailed report on the archaeological of the first three season's work at the site investigations and associated artifact of Puerto Real. The town was founded by assemblage will appear in Parks Canada's Spaniards in 1503 and had a major period of Manuscript Report Series. activity until the late 1540's followed by declining activity until disestablishment CARIBBEAN in 1576. Following abandonment it· was robbed for brick by French settlers in the Reported by David R. Watters 18th century but had not been the scene of building activi ty until the present. It BARBUDA thus represents. a very "pure" early 16th century site little disturbed by subsequent David R. Watters (Woods Hole Oceano­ activity. Part of its importance derives graphic Institution) reports that analysis from its linkage in early documents to of ceramics from the Highland House site Navidad, the site where Columbus left the (BA-H1) indicates occupation probably crew after the wrecking of the Santa Maria occurred between the 1720s or 1730s and on Christmas Eve, 1492. A large late Indian about 1800, a span that falls within the village two kilometers from the site of period (1860s-1870s) when the Codrington Puerto Real may in the future reveal family of Antigua and England leased the evidence of Navidad; the first Spanish island from the British Crown. Threedata settlement in the New World. sets conSisting of sherds from two surface Excavations have been funded from 1979 collections and one test pit yielded mean through 1981 by the Organization of American

45 States and the University of Florida. The site was identified by Dr. William Hodges of Limbe, Hai ti who has extended marty courtesies and support facilities to the SINT EUSTATIUS University of Florida crews. In 1979, Raymond Willis, with O.A.S. Hosted by the St. Eustatius Historical funds, identified a major brick-built build­ Foundation and the island government, ing with carved stone gargoyle and simpler members of the College of William and Mary water spouts. Excavation of the robbed Archaeological Field School, under the footing ditches of the building was direction of Norman F. Barka, assisted by completed in the 1980 season. Willis has Edwin Dethlefsen, conducted work on Statia now completed cataloguing the 1979 and 1980 during the months of June and July, 1981. materials and they will be returned to the The purpose of the archaeology, in this Institut de Sauvegarde du Patrimoine first season of research, was to obtain data National in Haiti. on the location and nature of archaeological The 1981 season accomplished the excava­ remains on the island. This in forma tion, tion of part of Building B adjacent to when combined with data from documentary Building A and to the cemetary. The brick­ sources, would enable the formulation of walled building had a sime of very large more specific questions and hypotheses for postholes extending into the cemetary area, future research. postulated to be a wooden extension of the In addition to land excavation (see structure. Gary Shapiro and Dr. William below), Jay Haviser surveyed the main Hodges excavated a test square of the cultivation plain and located 117 sites, cemetary to reveal superimposed burials. including domestic ruins, batteries/forts, Jennifer Hamilton excavated a refuse sugar mills, artifact clusters, and 8 newly deposit associated with what appears to have discovered prehistoric sites. Stephen been a residential structure. Bonnie McEwan Gluckman and Ken Hardin of the University of excavated an extensive, massive deposit South Florida carried out underwater associated with building rubble. Rochelle reconnaisance of the shallow water area of Marrinan was general director of the 1981 Oranje Bay, on the west side of the island. project and supervised excavation of Build­ Land excavation took place at five sites: ing B. 1). several warehouse structures in the Artifact material is exclusively early Lower Town were partially excavated, under 16th century Spanish in origin. Majolica of the direction of Patricia Kandle. Numerous early types along with Green Glazed basins stone walls, a cobblestone pavement, stone predominate. Much glass of the laticino post supports, and other features dating to types have been found. No firearms have so the late 18th and 19th centuries were far been recovered but numerous scabbard uncovered. Some warehouse foundations, pro­ champes have been found as well as several bably earlier in date, were reached at a crossbow quarrel tips. Some oriental depth of eight feet below ground surface. porcelain has appeared dating before the Excavation will continue at this site in initia tion of the Manila Galleons. 1982. 2). an extremely rich trash deposit, Betsy Reitz of the University of Georgia situated in a narrow space between two ware­ is analysing faunal remains from the domes­ house structures in another part of the tic sites excavated in 1981. This work at Lower Town, dates to the 1770-1790 period. the Florida State Museum has revealed very In addition to defining warehouse foundation numerous cattle bones but little evidence of construction and many earlier features, the Spaniards using local animal or fish excavation revealed an extremely diverse and resources. plentiful deposit of English, Dutch, and While the project will continue to reveal French ceramics, glass bottles, superb stem­ significant descriptive information on ware, coins, etc., as well as large amounts early Spanish settlement patterns in the New of faunal material. 3). in order to obtain World, it is felt that the major contribu­ comparative information from the Upper Town, tion of the Puerto Real research will be a a large trash deposit dating to the middle bet ter understanding of the ways in which to late 18th century was investigated near the Spaniards adapted to the natural and the Dutch Reformed Church. The main trash cultural environment of the New World. It area, near a ravine, yielded a large variety is at such places as Puerto Real that the of Dutch delftware and numerous other arti­ Hispanic-American tradition began to facts. The excavation was supervised by crystalize. James Kochan. 4). limited excavation was 46 undertaken at Fort de Windt, a small 18th Mathewson III. This on-going study was century battery located on the south coast developed to mitigate adverse impact of the of Statia. A small undisturbed portion of a salvage operations while conducting stone retaining wall and cobblestone pave­ problem-oriented research. ment was investigated prior to impending The research design formulated for these architectural reconstruction. 5). Crooks sites has focused on gaining better cultural Castle, an isolated but sophisticated and historical insights concerning three complex of above ground stone walls and major questions: 1) To what extent does the cisterns, located on the southwest side of material culture reflect life under sail and the island, was mapped and photographed, nautical traditions of the period, 2) How under the supervision of Roni Hinote. does the artifact assemblage complement the Limited excavation was carried out in order historical record in the study of the to assess the nature of underground remains, Spanish Flota system of the New World?, 3) since the site had been heavily disturbed To what degree can the assemblage be used as by bead hunters. a basis for a study of the patterns and Edwin Ayubi, Director of the Institute of processes of cultural change within a mari­ Archaeology and Anthropology, Government of time environment. the Netherlands Antilles, participated in the summer's work, as did Nadia Brito and ARTIFACT RESEARCH others from Curacao and St. Martin. Eric Ayisi, Department of Anthropology, College The 1622 assemblage is the largest ship­ of William and Mary, began an ethnographic wreck collection in the New World. As arti­ study of the people of Sint Eustatius. facts have been photographed, drawn, and studied, a vast amount of archaeological SPECIAL RESEARCH REPORT data has been compiled, providing new insights into the seafaring traditions and The Archaeology of Two 1622 Spanish Galleons maritime culture of the early 17th century. off the Florida Keys: An Up-Date by R. The artifact study has been aided by more Duncan Mathewson III than a dozen university scholars and museum specialists in this country and abroad. For over a decade Treasure Salvors, Inc. When the material is not being exhibited, it has been involved with the salvage of is available to researchers who wish to do ma terial from two escort galleons lost in their own study on particular artifacts of the 1622 Spanish Terra Firme fleet: Nuestra special interest to them. Senora de Atocha and Santa Margarita. These The preliminary study of the material is wreck sites are located 40 miles west of Key presently being compiled for publication at West, Florida. the end of the year. This archaeological In 1973 the Atocha site was positively study will incorporate considerable identified by matching the recovered arti­ artifact information contained in an MA facts with the archival evidence provided by thesis on the Atocha site completed in 1977 Dr. Eugene Lyon. While salvage work by Mathewson at Florida Atlantic University. proceeded on this site, survey efforts were continued in order to locate the scattered ARCHAEOLOGICAL MAPPING remains of the other galleon. In 1980 the Margarita site was located and positively Underwater mapping of the archaeological identified. Since then a vast amount of remains of Atocha and Margarita has provided material has been recovered from this second new clues to the sequence of events sur­ site. At the present time a concentrated rounding these shipwrecks. By carefully effort is being made to locate the main part recording the locations of different types of the Atocha site which still remains unde­ of artifacts, it has been possible to piece tected. While this search and survey opera­ together the physical evidence of both ,tion continues, salvage operations on the disasters. By linking the archaeological Margarita site are being intensified in information with the available historical order to locate more remains of the ship and documentation, a comprehensive picture of its contents. each shipwreck has emerged. This inter­ Since 1973 archaeological research on the disciplinary research approach has 1622 shipwrecks has been directed for developed new ways of locating, identifying, Treasure Sal vors , Inc. by R. Duncan and interpreting other historic shipwrecks throughout the New World.

47 SHIP REMAINS Many ferrous and non-ferrous artifacts and ceramics have already been stabilized in In addition to archival research by Lyon, field laboratory facilities developed by which has yielded the actual contract docu­ Treasure Salvors, Inc. in Key West. This ments for the building of Nuestra Senora de stabilization work has largely been done by Atocha, archaeological explorations have R. Joseph Murphy and James J. Sinclair, two located the hull remains of the starboard archaeologists assisting in the project. sterncastle top-timber and upper futtock Jerry Cash, a potter, is helping in the framing from Santa Margarita. Nothing like study of the ceramic assemblage. Curtiss E. this structure has ever been recovered Paterson, Curator of Exhibitions for the before in the New World. Study of the North Carolina Museum of History, is one of frames and strakes have revealed important several company consultants advising on con­ verification and clarification of specifi­ servation matters. cations in the Atocha construction contract and other manuscripts relating to ship­ EXHIBITION & PUBLIC EDUCATION PROGRAM bulding techniques of the period. These articulated timbers were mapped and photo­ During the last year the 1622 assemblage graphed in situ with the use of photogram­ has been exhibited in a number of cities metric techniques before they were raised including a large showing in Explorers Hall and moved to a wet storage tank to await in the National Geographic Society from July stabilization with polyethylene glycol. to September, 1981. The collection then (PEG) travelled to New York City where it was on The study of this hull structure is being show in The Queens Museum through most of undertaken by two ship historians, William October and November. D. Muir and Captain William P. Frank of the The New York Exhibit, entitled SHIP­ Key West Maritime Historical Society. These WRECKED 1622: THE LOST TREASURE OF PHILIP timbers are providing new information about IV, was made possible by a $75,000 grant shear joints, fastening procedures and from the Chase Manhattan Bank. A museum framing techniques which is filling a large catalog was prepared to help people under­ void in our knowledge of galleon construc­ stand the cultural background of the tion and European shipbuilding techniques in collection. An educational package for 4th the early 17th century. Part of this graders was developed around the exhibition architectural analysis will include the which focused on the historical meaning of building of a framing mock-up to help answer these shipwrecks. Over two hundred and research questions concerning Margarita fifty schools in the New York area sent structural components; this will facilitate students of all ages on a museum field trip a complete reconstruction of the entire to see the exhibit. vessel at a 1:48 scale. In December the exhibition moved to Jacksonville, Florida, where it was shown CONSERVATION for six weeks at the Museum of Arts and Sciences. An educational package was Artifact conservation is playing a developed around the exhibit for ninth grade critical role in this research project. The children within the immediate Jacksonville magnitude and diversity of the artifact area. assemblage from these two Spanish galleons In early February the material will come is presenting a provocativ'e archaeological back to Key West where it will be exhibited challenge. Treasure Salvors, Inc. is for one month at the Martello Museum under insuring that all the recovered material is the auspises of the Key West Art and His­ catalogued and properly stored until it can torical Society and the Key West Maritime be treated and analyzed. Systematic conser­ Historical Society. This will be the vation procedures have been established for largest exhibit of the 1622 material ever documenting, cleaning, stabilizing, and assembled for a public showing. In the analyzing recovered artifacts. This has Spring the collection will continue to been a slow but steady learning prcoess for travel to other museums in the country on a the company which has involved staff national tour before going overseas for training, controlled [experiment, and European exhibitions. consultations with conservation experts.

48 MUSEUM PLANS Treasure Salvors, Inc. is actively working with several community organiza­ tions to establish a shipwreck museum and conservation laboratory in Key West. The facilities are being planned to serve as a permanent repository for 1622 material and artifacts recovered from other shipwrecks along the South Florida coast. Represen­ tative assemblages of 1622 artifacts have been available upon request as donations to museums around the country interested in building up their own collections of ship­ wreck artifacts. STUDENT TRAINING Over the years a number of graduate students have participated in this on-going research program. This summer (May through Sept.) it is anticipated that there will be three positions open for advanced students wishing to gain some practical experience working with early 17th century shipwreck material. People are being sought with a good background in conservation techniques (particularly PEG wood stabilization pro­ cedures), artifact drawing, exhibition design, historic ceramiCS, and cataloguing procedures. Certified divers with at least 50 logged open water dives will be pre­ ferred. Interested applicants should send a resume and a statement about why they want to work wi th Treasure Salvors, Inc. to R. Duncan Mathewson III, Rt. 4, Box 839A, Summerland Key, Florida 33042.

49 Bibliography of Historical Archaeology: The computerization and printout of entries, together with an index, is proceeding at The University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania with grants from The Barra Foundation and John L. Cotter. Cotter, assisted by William G. Hershey who wrote the computer program, are joint bibliographers for the project which was delayed until later 1981 by the lapse of support from the National Endowment for the Humanities. If you have entries for the Bibliography please send a completed copy of the following form to John Cotter.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY - ENTRY FORM I % / / / / / / / / Type of Entry BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATE: Author(s) Title:

Series, periodical and/or imprint information: Publication Date: Format: Availability (place/status): ILLUSTRATIONS AND APPARATUS: (No. & Kind of illustrations, appendices, artifact lists, bibliographies, special material, etc. Detail important materials.)

SUBJECT OF ENTRY: ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCIPLINE: (Underwater, Theory, etc.) TIME AND PLACE: (if appropriate). Site No: Location of site or origin of excavated material:

Date or date range(s) - (Indicate periods of concentration.) CULTURAL INFORMATION: Cultural or ethnic associatlons: Major Features or Structures: Type of Site: (Trading post, shipwreck, etc.) Major artifacts or artifact groups: (Indicate quantification, illustration, specify major, articles) Associated historical f1gures or events: SCIENTIFIC TECHNIQUES or THEORETICAL DISCUSSIONS: ( field or lab work - used or discussed):

ANNOTATIONS AND EXPANSIONS: (use reverse or additional sheet if necessary)

Prepared by: Date:

Send to: John L. Cotter, 'The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 33rd & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19174

50 THE SOCIETY FOR POST-MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY

The Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology was founded in 1967 to promote the study of the archaeological evidence of British and Colonial h-i~tory from the end of the medieval period until the advent of industrialization. To achieve these aims, the Society holds weekend conferences in the spring and autumn at which papers are read, local archaeological material is discussed, and local sites and collections are visited. The Society publishes Post-Medieval Archaeology, an annual journal, dealing primarily with the material evidence. It includes articles, short notes and reviews dealing with archaeologi'cal material and with related architectural, historical and industrial studies. Each volume contains a review of the past year's work in excavation and field survey providing as full a coverage as possible of all types of sites (military, ecclesiastical, domestic and industrial), as well as an annual survey of periodical literature noting post-medieval material from the British Isles, whether published separately or, as so often happens, as part of a report on a predominately earlier site. The journal is issued paper-bound and averages 200 pages, 10 plates, and 50-60 line drawings. It is published every year in January and the dues for the following year fall due on the first of February.

SOCIETY FOR POST-MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY -APPLICATION FORM

I wish to become - an ordinary member - ~5.00 $12.50 US -a stUdent member (provide details) - ~2.50 $ 6.50 US

My institution wishes to become a member - ~8.00 $20.00 US I and my (wife, husband) (son, daughter) wish to become joint members - ~6.00 $16.00 US of the Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology and I enclose the appropriate subscription for the current year. NAME: DATE: ADDRESS:

Mail to: Peter Davey Institute of Extension Studies 1 Abercromby Square P.O. Box 147 Liverpool LG9 3BX England

51 SOCIETY FOR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY Steam engines, forges and bridges are part of our past, and the physical evidence of our industrial and technological past is the concern of the Society for Industrial Archaeology. The SIA encourages research and field investigation of vanishing works and processes. It promotes identification, interpretation, preservation and use of surviving industrial structures and equipment. Through publications, meetings and other media, SIA disseminates information of past industry and technology, and broadens public awarencess of the social significance of our industrial and technical heritage. SIA is an international. organization for everyone with an interest in the past and present impact of industrialization. Its members represent the field of history of technology, architecture, engineering, archaeology, historic preservation and museology. The SIA publishes a bi-monthly Newsletter and an annual Journal.

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION I hereby apply for membership in the Society for Industrial Archaeology, as checked below: Voting Members ( ) Regular Individual $ 20.00 ( ) Active Student $ 12.00 ( ) Couple $ 25.00 ( ) Institutional $ 25.00 ( ) Contributing Member $ 50.00 Non-Voting Members ( ) Corporate Member $100.00 ( ) Corporate Contributing $250.00 ( ) Corporate Sustaining $500.00 NAME: (Please type or print) ADDRESS:

(Zip Code) Make cheques payable to: SOCIETY FOR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY Mail to: Treasurer Society for Industrial Archaeology Room 5020 NMAH Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 20560

52 THE COUNCIL FOR NORTHEAST HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY The Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology is a non-profit educational organization which aims to stimulate and to encourage the collection, preservation, advancement and dissemination of knowledge and information concerning the study and practice of historical archaeology in Northeastern North America (United States and Canada). Temporally the Council is concerned with the entire historic period ranging from initial contact between Europeans and Native Americans to and through the Industrial Revolution. The Council invites the participation and support of all who share its interests. An application form is provided below for those wishing to join. All memberships (with the exception of "Life") are for the year and include subscription to NORTHEAST HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY.

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION I hereby apply for membership in the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology, as checked below:

( ) Individual $10.00 ) Joint- $ 12.50 ( ) Student $ 7.50 ) Fellow·· $ 25.00 ( ) Institutional $20.00 ) Life $200.00 .Joint Membership is for husband and wife or any two people at the same mailing address. Such members receive only one copy of publications. "Fellow is open to aU who feel a primary commitment to Northeast Historical Archaeology and wish to help in the support of the Council's activities at a higher voluntary membership fee. NAME: (Please type or print) ADDRESS:

(Zip Code)

Make cheques payable to: THE COUNCIL FOR NORTHEAST HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY Mail to: Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology c/o Jo Ann Cotz 179 Park Avenue Midland Park, N.J. 07432

53 THE SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY The Society for Historical Archaeology is a non-profit scientific-educational organization which aims to promote scholarly research in, and the dissemination of knowledge concerning historical archaeology; to exchange information in this field; to hold periodic conferences to discuss problems of mutual interest relating to the study of historical archaeology; and to obtain the cooperation of the concerned disciplines for projects of research. The focus of interest is the since the beginning of exploration of the non-European parts of the world by Europeans, with prime concern in the Western Hemisphere. The Society also concerns itself with European, Oceanic, African, and Asian archa.eology having a definite bearing upon scholarly problems in the Western Hemisphere. The Society invites the participation and support of all who share its interest in history as its emerges from archaeological research and the study of written records. Membership is open to both professionals and interested laymen. An application form is provided below for those wishing to join. Society Officers for 1982: Robert L. Schuyler, President; Edwin S. Dethlefsen, President-elect; Bert Salwen, Immediate Past President; Stephanie Rodeffer, Secretary­ Treasurer; Ronald Michael, Editor; Norman F. Barka, Newsletter Editor; Kathleen Deagen, Roberta Greenwood, Donald Hardesty, Kenneth E. Lewis, George Miller, and Cynthia R. Price, Directors; J. Barto Arnold, Chairman CUA.

-----~------MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION I hereby apply for membership in the SOCiety for Historical Archaeology, as checked below. All memberships are for the calendar year, and include the annual publication HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY and the quarterly NEWSLETTER. ( ) Individual $20.00 U.S. ( ) Institutional $40.00 u.S. NAME: (Please print or type) ADDRESS:

Make cheques payable (in U.S. Funds) to: THE SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY Mail to: American Anthropological Association Society for Historical Archaeology 1703 New Hampshire Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009

54 BACK ISSUES OF HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY Back issues of Historical Archaeology and Special Publication are available to individuals at $10.00 per issue and to institutions at $20.00 per volume. Historical Archaeology

Quantity Volume (Issue) Year Cost I 1967 o.p. II 1968 o.p. III 1969 -. IV (avail. April, 82) 1970 V 1971 VI 1972 o.p. VII 1973 o.p. VIII 1974 9 1975 10 1976 11 1977 12 1978 13 1979 14 1980 15( 1) 1981 15(2) 1981

o.p. = out of print

Special Publications Quantity Number Year Cost

1 1976 2 1977 TOTAL COST Spec. Pub. 1 - A Descriptive Dictionary for 500 Years of Spanish-Tradition Ceramics (13th Through 18th Centuries). $7.50. Available April 1982. Spec. Pub. 2 - Importance of Material Things. $5.00

NAME: ADDRESS:

All orders must be prepaid. Send a check or money order made out to the Society for Historical Archaeology (in U.S. funds) to: American Anthropological Association Society for Historical Archaeology 1703 New Hampshire Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009

55 THE SOCIETY FOR HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWSLETTER Please note the upcoming deadlines for submission of news for the 1982 issues of the Newsletter: Issue Editor's Deadline June 1982 •• · . · . . . . • 23 April 1982 October 1982. · . · . . . . • 27 August 1982 December 1982 • • · . . . . • 22 October 1982

Members are urged to send any news relating to historical archaeology.

1983 SHA/CUA CONFERENCE (see Call for Papers and Information inside this issue).

When: 6-9 January, 1983 Where: Denver, Colorado Hotel: Marriott-Hotel City Center General Chairman: Adrienne Anderson

1984 SHA/CUA CONFERENCE Williamsburg, Virginia. 5-8 January, 1984 General Chairman: Norman F. Barka

1985 SHA/CUA CONFERENCE: invitation received from Boston, Mass. Any invitations from the west?

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