Building Resilient Supply Chains, Revitalizing American Manufacturing, and Fostering Broad-Based

BUILDING RESILIENT SUPPLY CHAINS, REVITALIZING AMERICAN MANUFACTURING, AND FOSTERING BROAD-BASED GROWTH 100-Day Reviews under Executive Order 14017 June 2021 A Report by The White House Including Reviews by Department of Commerce Department of Energy Department of Defense Department of Health and Human Services BUILDING RESILIENT SUPPLY CHAINS, REVITALIZING AMERICAN MANUFACTURING, AND FOSTERING BROAD-BASED GROWTH June 2021 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY NOTE .................................................................................................................................................................. 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FOR E.O. 14017 100-DAY REVIEWS ........................................................................................... 6 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................................................................................... 12 REVIEW OF SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING AND ADVANCED PACKAGING - DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE .................................................................................................................................................................................. 21 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................. 22 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................... 24 MAPPING THE SUPPLY CHAIN .............................................................................................................................................. 26 RISK ASSESSMENT ....................................................................................................................................................................... 53 GLOBAL FOOTPRINT ................................................................................................................................................................ 60 OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES ...................................................................................................................................... 66 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................... 74 ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 81 REVIEW OF LARGE CAPACITY BATTERIES - DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY .......................................................... 85 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................. 86 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................... 89 MAPPING OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN....................................................................................................................................... 93 RISK ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................................................................................................... 119 GLOBAL FOOTPRINT .............................................................................................................................................................. 123 OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES .................................................................................................................................... 129 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................. 134 ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 148 REVIEW OF CRITICAL MINERALS AND MATERIALS - DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ................................... 151 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................... 152 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 153 MAPPING THE SUPPLY CHAIN ............................................................................................................................................ 155 GLOBAL FOOTPRINT .............................................................................................................................................................. 162 RISK ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................................................................................................... 175 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................. 194 ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 204 REVIEW OF PHARMACEUTIALS AND ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES .......................................................................................................................................... 207 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................... 208 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 210 MAPPING OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN..................................................................................................................................... 212 RISK ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................................................................................................... 217 GLOBAL FOOTPRINT .............................................................................................................................................................. 233 OPPORTUNITIES & CHALLENGES .................................................................................................................................... 235 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................. 240 ABBREVIATIONS........................................................................................................................................................................ 250 3 INTRODUCTORY NOTE FROM NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL DIRECTOR BRIAN DEESE AND NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR JAKE SULLIVAN TO THE PRESIDENT Mr. President: It is our privilege to transmit to you the first set of reports that your Administration has developed pursuant to Executive Order 14017, “America’s Supply Chains.” The enclosed reports assess supply chain vulnerabilities across four key products that you directed your Administration to review within 100 days: semiconductor manufacturing and advanced packaging; large capacity batteries, like those for electric vehicles; critical minerals and materials; and pharmaceuticals and advanced pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The enclosed reports are the work of a task force that we convened across more than a dozen departments and agencies, consultations with hundreds of stakeholders, public comments submitted by industry and experts, and deep analytic research by experts from across the government. We would like to particularly thank the four agencies that took the lead in authoring each of the enclosed reports: the Department of Commerce on semiconductor manufacturing and advanced packaging; the Department of Energy on large capacity batteries; the Department of Defense on critical materials and minerals; and the Department of Health and Human Services, particularly the Food and Drug Administration, on pharmaceuticals and APIs. This work has complemented other work your Administration has undertaken to strengthen U.S. supply chains, including the work to dramatically expand the supply of COVID-19 vaccines and other products essential to American’s health. Departments and Agencies across your Administration have already begun to implement the reports’ recommendations. These include steps to strengthen U.S. manufacturing capacity for critical goods, to recruit and train workers to make critical products here at home, to invest in research and development that will reduce supply chain vulnerabilities, and to work with America’s allies and partners to strengthen collective supply chain resilience. Both the public and private sector play critical roles in strengthening supply chains, and your Administration will continue to work with industry, labor, and others to make America’s supply chains stronger. We have already launched the second phase of the supply chain initiative

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