Annual Report of Research and Monitoring in the Greater Kejimkujik Ecosystem 2009 Citation: Mersey Tobeatic Research Institute and Parks Canada
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Annual Report of Research and Monitoring in the Greater Kejimkujik Ecosystem 2009 Citation: Mersey Tobeatic Research Institute and Parks Canada. 2010. Annual Report of Research and Monitoring in the Greater Kejimkujik Ecosystem 2009. Kempt, Nova Scotia, 116 pp. Cover photos from top left: • Snapping turtle at Perch Lake by A. Belliveau, MTRI • Rose root at Delaps Cove by A. Belliveau, MTRI • Old growth forest near Sporting Lake by A. Belliveau, MTRI • Oakland Lake campsite by A. Belliveau, MTRI • Eight adult loons on Cobrielle Lake by N. Burgess, Environment Canada Printed on 100% post-consumer paper Annual Report of Research and Monitoring in the Greater Kejimkujik Ecosystem 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 6 CoastaL Piping Plover Monitoring Program ..........................................................................10 Soft Shell Clam Enhancement Trial ..........................................................................12 Kejimkujik Seaside Coastal Change .........................................................................14 ForesT Forest Bird Monitoring in Kejimkujik.......................................................................18 Caledonia Christmas Bird Count ..............................................................................20 Nocturnal Owl Survey ...............................................................................................22 SWNS Marten Distribution .......................................................................................24 Monitoring Flying Squirrel Survivorship ................................................................26 Plethodontid Salamander Monitoring ....................................................................28 Jack Pine Budworm Population Assessment ...........................................................30 Boreal Felt Lichen Monitoring ..................................................................................32 Tree Growth, Regeneration and Succession ............................................................34 Monitoring Forest Decomposition Rates .................................................................36 Forest Ecosystem Classification ................................................................................38 DNA Barcode Biodiversity Assessment....................................................................40 FresHwateR IceWatch .....................................................................................................................44 Acid Rain Biomonitoring ...........................................................................................46 Brook Trout Monitoring Program .............................................................................48 Annapolis River Guardians .......................................................................................50 ANNUAL REPORT OF RESEARCH & MONITORING IN THE GREATER KEJIMKUJIK ECOSYSTEM 2009 Lake Primary Productivity ........................................................................................52 Lake and Cold Water Habitat ....................................................................................54 Mountain-Cobrielle Watershed Restoration ...........................................................56 Aquatic Connectivity ...............................................................................................58 Mercury Science: Ecological Risk Mapping .............................................................60 Monitoring Mercury in Common Loons ...................................................................62 The Kejimkujik-Mersey LoonWatch Program ..........................................................64 Monitoring Common Loon Productivity .................................................................66 Loon Nest Structure and Microhabitat ...................................................................68 Identifying Sources of Chloride in Streams .............................................................70 Effects of Mercury in Freshwater Food Webs ...........................................................72 Mercury Photoreactions in Kejimkujik Lakes..........................................................74 Clementsport Dam Feasibility Study .......................................................................76 Terrestrial Liming to Improve Salmonid Habitat ....................................................78 Zooplankton Fossils as Ecological Indicators ..........................................................80 WetlandS Rare Plant Monitoring ..............................................................................................84 Blanding’s Turtle Nest Monitoring ...........................................................................86 Blanding’s Turtle Distribution Surveys ....................................................................88 Turtle and Snake Surveys .........................................................................................90 Blanding’s Turtle Headstart Tracking .......................................................................92 Wildlife Conservation Canines .................................................................................94 Eastern Ribbonsnake Movements ...........................................................................96 Eastern Ribbonsnake Range ....................................................................................98 Human DimensionS Energy Audit of MTRI Fieldstation .........................................................................102 Species at Risk Stewardship in SNBR .....................................................................104 EMPOWER! Young Community Leaders in the SNBR ............................................106 Southwest Nova Scotia Phone Survey ...................................................................108 Perspectives on Mi’kmaw Cultural Tourism ..........................................................110 Restoration of Old Forests .....................................................................................112 Mickey Hill Pocket Wilderness Resource Analysis ................................................114 Appendix 1 Projects in Kejimkujik and the Greater Kejimkujik Ecosystem in 2009...............116 Appendix 2 Index of Projects by Researcher Name ..................................................................118 ANNUAL REPORT OF RESEARCH & MONITORING IN THE GREATER KEJIMKUJIK ECOSYSTEM 2009 INTRODUCTION This is the fifth Annual Report of Research and Monitoring in the Greater Kejimkujik Ecosystem. As with previous editions, this one was inspired by a very similar series piloted by the Parks Canada Western Arctic Field Unit. This report serves as a compilation of the research and monitoring projects that were conducted in the Kejimkujik area. The summaries are all written by the researchers who are listed as contacts for each project but the report as a whole is a collaborative effort between Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site of Canada (Kejimkujik) and the Mersey Tobeatic Research Institute (MTRI). A committee comprised of Amanda Lavers and Crystal Doggett (MTRI), Sally O’Grady, Darien Ure, and Chris McCarthy (Parks Canada) collected, edited, and prepared the publication. Many thanks to all the researchers who took the time to submit the research and monitoring project summaries this year. This report was produced in spring 2010 and is a compilation of the research and monitoring projects that were conducted in the Kejimkujik area in 2009 by Parks Canada, MTRI, and their partners. The purpose of the report is to make information about these projects available to the public, government agencies, researchers and other stakeholders. Research and monitoring projects provide the information necessary to make wise management and conservation decisions. The projects in this report are organized in four chapters corresponding to Kejimkujik’s Ecological Integrity (EI) Indicator Ecosystems: Coastal, Forest, Wetland, and Freshwater, with an additional chapter highlighting research about the Human Dimensions of sustainable resource use. Projects are categorized as either monitoring or research projects. 6 ANNUAL REPORT OF RESEARCH & MONITORING IN THE GREATER KEJIMKUJIK ECOSYSTEM 2009 The research and monitoring projects detailed in this report are important tools for attaining sustainable management of our natural resources and maintaining ecological integrity of our protected areas. The monitoring projects are conducted to keep track of how the ecological systems around us are changing over time and examine the effectiveness of management actions. The research projects provide a better understanding of the ecology of the area and how it is affected by natural and human-related influences. Overall, they indicate an impressive amount of work that is being undertaken in Kejimkujik and the surrounding area. Kejimkujik represents the Atlantic Upland Natural Region in Parks Canada’s network of protected areas. Kejimkujik consists of 381 km2 inland and 22 km2 on the coast and, in combination with the Tobeatic, is the core area of the Southwest Nova Biosphere Reserve. Since its establishment, Kejimkujik has been an important centre of science for southwest Nova Scotia. In collaboration with partners, research and monitoring in the park and surrounding landscape has informed decision-makers on a number of