Barchas-Lichtenstein FINAL

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Barchas-Lichtenstein FINAL UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles "When the dead are resurrected, how are we going to speak to them?": Jehovah's Witnesses and the Use of Indigenous Languages in the Globalizing Textual Community A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology by Jena Barchas-Lichtenstein 2013 © Copyright by Jena Barchas-Lichtenstein 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION "When the dead are resurrected, how are we going to speak to them?": Jehovah's Witnesses and the Use of Indigenous Languages in the Globalizing Textual Community by Jena Barchas-Lichtenstein Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology University of California, Los Angeles, 2013 Professor Paul V. Kroskrity, Chair In the face of global language contraction, unlikely allies are emerging to support language maintenance and revitalization. This dissertation demonstrates that the interest of many speakers in revitalizing the indigenous Mexican language Highland Oaxaca Chontal is connected to their faith as Jehovah's Witnesses, a new religious movement rooted in the global North. At the time of research, Witness religious meetings were the only high-status context – and the only public context – in which Chontal was consistently used. Moreover, new indexical connections between language and religion position knowledge of the language as a moral imperative rather than a matter of individual choice. That is, local Jehovah's Witnesses have begun using more Chontal as speaking this language has come to index devoutness. ii This religion is highly centralized and standardized: Witnesses obeyed instructions to use Chontal because these instructions bore the authority of the Watch Tower Society institution. This dissertation proposes the concept of the globalizing textual community, which synthesizes understandings of community from throughout social science literature, in order to explain how religious identity can supersede national, ethnic, and linguistic identities. In particular, I consider how members define their language practices as shared across externally imposed boundaries between language varieties. I build on Anderson's (1983) fundamental insight about the affordances of written texts to consider how translations are framed as commensurate or even identical, using community members' own logic as a guide. A textual regime of shared reading and shared literacy practices unites this community. If written texts afford standardization not only of content but also of literacy and mediational practices, translation represents the potential to challenge it. One chief mechanism for minimizing these challenges is the transidiomatic authoritative discourse of the "pure language." Other mechanisms include a variety of mediational performances (Bauman 2004) of written texts, institutional regulations and consequences, and textual ideologies. This dissertation explores both the particular ethnographic case and the institution behind many of this community's language ideologies and religious practices. I demonstrate that the enactment of Witness religious texts and the moral weight this enactment carries are, ultimately, inseparable from the language in which it is carried out. iii The dissertation of Jena Barchas-Lichtenstein is approved. Marjorie Harness Goodwin Pamela Munro Elinor Ochs Aaron Huey Sonnenschein Paul V. Kroskrity, Committee Chair University of California, Los Angeles 2013 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS One: Arriving 1 1.1 Arriving in Zapotitlán: The Projects We Choose and the Projects that Choose Us 1 1.2 Arriving at Kingdom Hall: "You Came to Study Chontal, but You Are Studying the Truth, Too" 7 1.3 Arriving at Methods: An Overview 16 1.4 Chapter Overview 20 Two: The Totalizing, Globalizing Textual Community 23 2.1 The Anthropology of Christianity 24 2.2 Missionary Linguistics and Bible Translation 28 2.2.1 Missionary Linguistics, Bible Translation, and the History of Indigenous Languages in Colonial Latin America 28 2.2.2 Modern Missionary Linguistics: Academia, SIL, and Ideologies of Translation 32 2.3 Community 37 2.3.1 Models of Community Based on Shared Communicative Resources 38 2.3.2 From Speech Community to Community of Practice 39 2.3.3 Models of Community Based on Mass Media 40 2.3.4 The Interpretive Community 41 2.3.5 The Textual Community 42 2.4 Linguistic Economies, Literacies, Textual Economies, and Textual Regimes 45 2.4.1 (Political) Economy of Language 45 2.4.2 Literacies 48 2.4.3 Textual Economies 52 2.4.4 Textual Regimes 54 2.5 Participation 55 2.5.1 Writing, Translation, and Authorship 57 2.6 Language Choice and Moral Personhood 59 2.7 Jehovah's Witnesses: A Totalizing, Globalizing Textual Community 61 2.7.1 Implications for Chontal 64 2.7.2 Implications for Language Maintenance and Education 67 2.7.3 Implications for the Anthropology of Christianity 67 Three: Introducing Santa María Zapotitlán and the Watch Tower Society 69 3.1 Santa María Zapotitlán: The Community 69 3.1.1 Location and Geography 69 3.1.2 Community Institutions 71 3.1.2.1 Political Institutions 71 3.1.2.2 Cultural Institutions 72 v 3.1.2.3 Educational Institutions 74 3.1.3 Households 75 3.1.3.1 Physical Characteristics 75 3.1.3.2 Social Characteristics 76 3.1.3.3 Resident Outsiders 77 3.1.4 Economic Life 78 3.1.4.1 Work 78 3.1.4.2 Government Aid 79 3.1.4.3 Communal Labor 80 3.1.5 Political Life 80 3.1.6 Religious Life 81 3.1.6.1 Jehovah's Witnesses 82 3.1.7 Language 85 3.1.7.1 Sociolinguistics 85 3.1.7.2 Structure and Classification of Chontal 87 3.1.7.3 Local Spanish 89 3.1.8 Zapotitlán in the Sierra Chontal, the Isthmus, Oaxaca State, Mexico, and the World 90 3.2 Jehovah's Witnesses, Worldwide and in Mexico: Historical Background 93 3.2.1 Jehovah's Witnesses in Mexico 96 3.3 Secondary Research Sites Outside Zapotitlán 99 Four: "We Have Just Started Looking for the Words": Language Ideologies in the Chontal Speech Community 102 4.1 Language Ideologies 102 4.1.1 Language Ideologies, Native Americans, and Language Shift 104 4.2 Ideologies about Speech and Speaking 105 4.2.1 Speaking 105 4.2.2 Knowing 108 4.2.3 Translating (and Interpreting): Finding Words 109 4.3 Ideologies about Form and Language 113 4.3.1 The Salience of Words and Nouns 113 4.3.2 Purism: Older is Better 117 4.4 Ideologies about Language Learning 120 4.4.1 The Role of Parents 120 4.4.2 Interactions with Children 122 4.4.3 Writing and Learning 123 4.4.4 Scaffolding for Non-Speakers 123 4.5 Evaluative Stances 124 4.5.1 The Sacred 124 4.5.2 The Profane 125 4.5.3 Different Codes: Chontal and Spanish 127 4.5.3.1 What is Chontal Good For? 127 4.5.3.2 Who Speaks Spanish, and Who Speaks Chontal? 130 vi 4.5.3.3 What is Chontal Like? 131 4.6 Ideologies about Text and Writing 132 4.6.1 Literate Epistemology: Books as Sources of Knowledge 132 4.6.2 Authoritative Genres and Institutions 134 4.6.3 Text as Literal Authority 135 4.7 Ideologies about Chontal-Language Texts and Expertise 138 4.7.1 Local Initiatives, Authority, and Iconicity 138 4.7.2 Outside Initiatives: The Chontal-English-Spanish Dictionary 139 4.7.3 "There used to exist a book, Chontal, legitimate Chontal" 143 4.8 Patterns Across Ideologies 145 4.9 Language as Concrete, Discrete, and Absolute 147 Five: The "Pure Language" Community 149 5.1 The Pure Language as Language 151 5.1.1 From Pure Language to Human Languages at Babel, and Back Again 151 5.1.2 "It's not an idioma [human language], it's a symbolic lenguaje [system of communication]" 152 5.1.3 Authoritative Discourse 153 5.1.4 The Pure Language as Transidiomatic 155 5.2 The Pure Language as Pure: Structural, Denotational, and Social Purism 156 5.3 The "Pure Language" Community as Imagined Community 160 5.4 Linguistic Relativity: Language, Thought, and Affect 162 5.5 The "Pure Language" Community in External Perspective 164 Six: "Spiritual Food at the Appropriate Time": Ideologies of the Witness Textual Regime 165 6.1 Textual Economies and Regimes 165 6.2 The Divine Name 167 6.3 Biblical Inerrancy 170 6.4 Translation and Translators 176 6.5 Authorship and Recognition 181 6.6 (Not) Just the Bible 184 6.7 A Singular Correct Interpretation, a Single Interpreter 190 6.8 Religion as Logic 195 vii Seven: Performance and Participation 198 7.1 Mediational Performances and New Participant Roles 199 7.2 Activities with a Witness Audience 206 7.2.2 Congregation Bible Study and Watchtower Study: Question and Answer Format 209 7.2.3 The Service Meeting 212 7.2.4 The Theocratic Ministry School: Learning to Preach, Learning a Relationship to Text 216 7.2.6 Family Worship 223 7.3 Activities with No Witness Audience 223 7.3.1 Door-to-Door Ministry 224 7.3.2 Home Bible Study 225 7.3.3 Back Stage with No Audience at All: Preparation for Public Activities 236 7.4 Prayer 237 7.5 Mind the (Intertextual) Gap: Texts and the Incomplete Determination of Interpretation 239 Eight: "When the Dead Are Resurrected, How Are We Going to Speak to Them?": The Once and Future Chontal Language Community 242 8.1 History 243 8.2 Motivations for the Use of Chontal 250 8.2.1 The Mother Tongue: "to touch the fibers of their heart with the Biblical message" 250 8.2.2 Resurrection: "We will see our grandparents and great-grandparents face to face" 255 8.3 Monolingualism and the Genetic Fallacy 268 8.3.1 The Ideal of Synchronic Chontal Monolingualism 268 8.3.2 "It takes a lot of effort.
Recommended publications
  • Helena Chester the Discursive Construction of Freedom in The
    The Discursive Construction of Freedom in the Watchtower Society Helena Chester Diploma of Teaching (Early Childhood): Riverina – Murray Institute of Higher Education Graduate Diploma of Education (Special Education): Victoria College. Master of Education (Honours): University of New England Thesis submitted in fulfilment of requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Charles Darwin University, Darwin. October 2018 Certification I certify that the substance of this dissertation has not already been submitted for any degree and is not currently being submitted for any other degree or qualification. I certify that any help received in preparing this thesis, and all sources used, have been acknowledged in this thesis. Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... 4 Dedication ............................................................................................................................. 5 Thesis Abstract ..................................................................................................................... 6 Keywords .............................................................................................................................. 7 Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................ 8 Chapter 1: The Discursive Construction of Freedom in the Watchtower Society ................... 9 The Freedom Claim in the Watchtower Society .............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Critiques on the Proclaimers Book
    Critiques on the Proclaimers Book Critiques and Notes on the JW history book Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom Alan Feuerbacher Table of Contents Critiques on the Proclaimers Book.........................................................................................................................1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................................1 Comments....................................................................................................................................................3 Proclaimers' book blames Russell's chronological error of 100 years on the King James Version.............17 Introduction In 1993 the Watchtower Society published a history book Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom.1 In the Writing Department it was looked upon as a more comprehensive, accurate and honest update of the 1959 history book Jehovah’s Witnesses in the Divine Purpose.2 It was also seen as a response to the increasing criticism the Society was receiving that complained of its distortion and hiding of many of the seamier sides of its history.3 1 Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society of Pennsylvania, 1993. 2 Jehovah’s Witnesses in the Divine Purpose, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society of Pennsylvania, 1959. 3 A list of some of the most influential publications: A People For His Name: A History of Jehovah’s Witnesses and An Evaluation, Timothy White,
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 1, Issue 1 Editorial Board
    Volume 1, Issue 1 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Keith Findley Anat Horovitz Myles Frederick McLellan University of Wisconsin Law Faculty of Law, The Hebrew Department of Law and Politics, School, University of University of Jerusalem, Algoma University, Canada Wisconsin-Madison, Israel United States Editorial Board Richard Leo James Acker Jonathan Freedman Law and Psychology, University School of Criminal Justice, Psychology Department, of San Francisco, United States University at Albany, University of Toronto, United States Canada Bruce MacFarlane Barrister & Attorney, Winnipeg, Ira Belkin Maryanne Garry Canada and Phoenix, NYU School of Law, New York School of Psychology, New United States University, United States Zealand Institute for Security and Crime Science Carole McCartney Stephen Bindman The University of Waikato, School of Law, Northumbria Faculty of Law, University of New Zealand University, United Kingdom Ottawa, Canada Gwladys Gilliéron Daniel Medwed Gary Botting Faculty of Law, University of School of Law and School of Barrister, Vancouver, Canada Zurich, Switzerland Criminology and Criminal Justice Northeastern University, Kathryn M. Campbell Adam Gorski United States Department of Criminology, Faculty of Law and University of Ottawa, Administration, Jagiellonian Robert Norris Canada University, Poland Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason Kimberly Cook Jon Gould Department of Sociology and University,United States School of Criminology and Criminology, University of Criminal Justice and Sandra Day
    [Show full text]
  • Bethel Chronicles
    Bethel Chronicles Lower Manhattan, New York, with various Watchtower properties (Click to see expanded picture) the Bethel Chronicles Inside chronicles from the Brooklyn headquarters of the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society. Dedicated to the thousands who have donated years of their lives inside the walls of Bethel. Franz Incident era mp3s (1965-1985) Edward Dunlap, former Watchtower Gilead Instructor on the Franz Incident John May (and Martin Merriman) from Ireland, on their visit to the U.S. to determine the fate of Raymond Franz Cris and Norma Sanchez, former Bethel Spanish translators testimony of how they were treated at Watchtower headquarters in 1979 Randall Watters and Robert Sullivan, What Happened at the Watchtower Headquarters in the Spring of 1980? former Bethelites Guest Book (mostly from the late 90s, early 2000s) Anecdotes on Bethel life in the 70s archives: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 abbreviated summary Barbara Anderson's Anecdotes from Life at Bethel (NEW tour of Beth-Sarim and Rutherford's secret grave) Randall's Classics: The Watchtower Bible and Tract Society: The Critical Years 1975-1997 the Franz incident Fred Franz Discredits Concept of a "Governing Body" My letter to the Governing Body in 1980 (letter of disassociation) What Happened at Bethel in the Spring of 1980 (first eyewitness account printed in 1981) Randy's Scrapbook from Bethel - fellow workers pictures testimonies of former Bethel workers former Gilead registrar Ed Dunlap's notes political cartoons from inside Bethel QUAK'S CARTOONS reveal inside secrets! the Presidents http://www.freeminds.org/bethel/bethel.htm[11/11/2013 2:53:53 PM] Bethel Chronicles the Governing Body Warren Schroeder (1979-1982 at Bethel) (NEW) Gene Smalley and the Blood Transfusion Issue (NEW) New Boy's "Life at Bethel" (NEW) Former Service Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • AUSTRALIAN SINGLES REPORT June 19, 2017 Compiled by the Music Network© FREE SIGN UP
    AUSTRALIAN SINGLES REPORT June 19, 2017 Compiled by The Music Network© FREE SIGN UP Hot 100 Aircheck spins, weighted with audience data & time of spins #1 hot 100 despacito (remix) 1 Luis Fonsi | UMA DESPACITO (REMIX) There's nothing holdin' me b... Luis Fonsi & Daddy Yankee ft. Justin Bieber | UMA 2 Shawn Mendes | UMA galway girl 3 Ed Sheeran | WMA From Latin hit to commercial radio triumph, Luis Fonsi’s Despacito (Remix) has pushed its way to the i'm the one top of the Hot 100, ousting DJ Khaled’s I’m The One, which falls to #4. This has opened the door for 4 DJ Khaled | SME/UMA Shawn Mendes’ There’s Nothing Holdin’ Me Back and Ed Sheeran’s persistent Galway Girl to take up Malibu the remaining spots in the Top 3. 5 Miley Cyrus | SME 6 Strip That down Liam Payne’s Strip That Down can’t be overlooked at #6. The One Direction star seems to be Liam Payne | EMI gathering serious momentum as the official acoustic version of the track is serviced to radio this week. 7 Slow hands Niall Horan | EMI His buddies Harry Styles and Niall Horan aren’t far behind. Styles’ Sign Of The Times restores its spot something just like this 8 The Chainsmokers & Coldp... in the Top 10 this week, landing at #9 after peaking at #3 at the beginning of May, while Horan’s Slow sign of the times Hands remains parked at #7 for another week. 9 Harry Styles | SME your song 10 Rita Ora | WMA that's what i like 11 Bruno Mars | WMA Bad Liar #1 MOST ADDED TO RADIO 12 Selena Gomez | UMA The cure 2U 13 Lady Gaga | UMA David Guetta ft.
    [Show full text]
  • To Download the 2021 Annual Meeting Final Program!
    Final Program JULY 6 - 9, 2021 | BOSTON, MA MARRIOTT COPLEY PLACE VIRTUAL OPTION AVAILABLE NAVIGATING THE FUTURE FOR REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCE Society for Reproductive Investigation 68th Annual Scientific Meeting Photo Credit: Kyle Klein Table of Contents Message from the SRI President .............................................................................................................1 2021 Program Committee ......................................................................................................................2 General Meeting Information .................................................................................................................3 Meeting Attendance Code of Conduct Policy ..........................................................................................5 Schedule-at-a-Glance ............................................................................................................................7 Boston Information and Social Events ....................................................................................................8 Exhibitors ...............................................................................................................................................9 Hotel Map ............................................................................................................................................10 Continuing Medical Education Information ..........................................................................................11 Scientific Program
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
    IN EL NORTE CON CALLE 13 AND TEGO CALDERÓN: TRACING AN ARTICULATION OF LATINO IDENTITY IN REGUETÓN By CYNTHIA MENDOZA A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2008 1 © 2008 Cynthia Mendoza 2 To Emilio Aguirre, de quien herede el amor a los libros To Mami and Sis, for your patience in loving me 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank G, for carrying me through my years of school. I thank my mother, Rosalpina Aguirre, for always being my biggest supporter even when not understanding. I thank my sister, Shirley Mendoza-Castilla, for letting me know when I am being a drama queen, providing comedic relief in my life, and for being a one-of-a-kind sister. I thank my aunt Lucrecia Aguirre, for worrying about me and calling to yell at me. I thank my Gainesville family: Priscilla, Andres, Ximena, and Cindy, for providing support and comfort but also the necessary breaks from school. I want to thank Rodney for being just one phone call away. I thank my committee: Dr. Horton-Stallings and Dr. Marsha Bryant, for their support and encouragement since my undergraduate years; without their guidance, I cannot imagine making it this far. I thank Dr. Efraín Barradas, for his support and guidance in understanding and clarifying my thesis subject. I thank my cousins Katia and Ana Gabriela, for reminding why is it that I do what I do. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Passion Project
    Thursday, July 29, 2021 The Commercial Review Portland, Indiana 47371 www.thecr.com $1 FedEx attack was ‘suicidal murder’ Police say shootings were not racially motivated By CASEY SMITH Associated Press and Report for America INDIANAPOLIS — The former employee who shot and killed eight peo - ple at an Indianapolis FedEx warehouse in April acted alone and was not racially or ethnically motivated, authorities said Wednesday. Brandon Scott Hole, 19, used the April 15 attack as an act of “suicidal mur - der” and believed he would “demonstrate his masculinity and capabili - ty” while fulfilling a final The Commercial Review/Ray Cooney desire to experience killing people, Indianapo - lis police and federal Spider in action authorities said during a Teaching artist Allison Smiley helps 6-year-old Daxton Wellman of Portland bend wire to match his drawing of a spider news conference. during a “freestanding action figures” Arts in the Parks class this morning at Haynes Park in Portland. Smiley is a Ball State Eight employees, including four members University student studying drawing. Arts Place’s summer Arts in the Parks program will complete its 2021 session Friday. of the city’s Sikh commu - nity, were killed in the attack and five others were injured, police said. Police said Hole consid - ered other locations for Senate moving on infrastructure the shooting but chose the FedEx building because it By LISA MASCARO, part of Biden’s big infra - was familiar to him. He KEVIN FREKING structure agenda. Swelling also believed the site and ALAN FRAM to more than 700 pages, the would give him access to a Associated Press bill includes $550 billion in large number of vulnera - WASHINGTON — The Bipartisan group has agreed new spending for public ble victims.
    [Show full text]
  • Gobitis and Barnett: the Flag Salute and the Changing Interpretation of the Constitution Rhenee Clark Swink in Minersville Schoo
    72 Gobitis and Barnett: The Flag Salute and the Changing Interpretation of the Constitution Rhenee Clark Swink In Minersville School District vs Gobitis (1940) the United States Supreme Court ruled 8 to1 overturning lower court decisions barring states from implementing compulsory flag salutes. Three years later, the Supreme Court overturned that ruling with a 6 to 3 decision in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943). The cases were nearly identical and argued similarly but had different outcomes. How did the landscape of America change so drastically in a three-year period? First, the Supreme Court did not see a danger in the rise of nationalism in the United States or the social impact the ruling would bring. Second, the violence that followed Gobitis decision caused Jehovah’s Witnesses, a pacifist group that was uninvolved in politics, to become more persistent in utilizing the legal system and more vocal concerning persecution of its members. Finally, the Supreme Court was not the same. A change in justices and a shift in the focus of the Court from economic matters to personal liberties created a different political landscape, when West Virginia State Board of Education vs. Barnett reached the Court in 1943. Jehovah’s Witnesses sought to spread their message and seek new members through distribution of the organizations magazines and books, playing recorded phonograph messages from organization leaders, and through public lectures. The group was frequently arrested for selling books without a license. Other areas developed specific ordinances to target Jehovah’s Witnesses. One community in Georgia passed an ordinance that prohibited anyone calling on houses to offer any printed material.47 Jehovah Witnesses trace their origins to a group founded in the late nineteenth century in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.
    [Show full text]
  • Decolonizing the Colonial Mind: a Personal Journey of Intercultural
    Decolonizing the Colonial Mind: A Personal Journey of Intercultural Understanding, Empathy, and Mutual Respect by Gregory W.A. Saar A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of Religion & Culture University of Manitoba Winnipeg Copyright © 2020 by Gregory W.A. Saar Saar 1 Dedication To my wife, Joyce, whose confidence in me, encouragement, and support, have always been important in everything I choose to do. To my Granddaughter, Rebekah, who, while in her first year at the University of Manitoba, uttered the words: “Grandpa, why don’t you take a class too?” To my other grandchildren Kaleb, Quintin, Alexis, and Clark, for the many ways in which they enhance my life. I hope I can play some small part in ensuring the five of you have the bright and fulfilling future you all deserve. I am confident that each one of you is capable of realising your dreams. In Memory of our daughter, Heather, who met the difficulties she faced with fortitude, courage, and determination, all the while retaining her sense of humour; an inspiration to all who were privileged to know her. Saar 2 Acknowledgements I want to express my appreciation to those without whose mentorship and assistance this theses would still be confined to the recesses of my mind. I begin with my appreciation of Dr. Renate Eigenbrod, (1944-2014) who, as Department Head of Native Studies at the University of Manitoba, took the time to interview me.
    [Show full text]
  • Articles Recollections of West Virginia State Board of Education V. Barnette∗
    BARNETTE FINAL 9/25/2007 11:11:19 AM ARTICLES RECOLLECTIONS OF WEST VIRGINIA STATE BOARD OF ∗ EDUCATION V. BARNETTE GREGORY L. PETERSON E. BARRETT PRETTYMAN, JR. SHAWN FRANCIS PETERS BENNETT BOSKEY GATHIE BARNETT EDMONDS MARIE BARNETT SNODGRASS JOHN Q. BARRETT WELCOMING REMARKS GREGORY L. PETERSON† Welcome. The Robert H. Jackson Center exists to preserve and advance the legacy of Justice Jackson through education, events, and exhibitry. Today’s special gathering, featuring the Barnett sisters and the attorney who served during 1943 as the senior law clerk to the Chief Justice of the United States, Harlan Fiske Stone, furthers that mission. During World War II, Gathie and Marie Barnett, along with their parents and other Jehovah’s Witnesses, challenged the constitutionality of compelling school children to pledge allegiance and salute the American flag. Their Supreme Court victory, West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette,1 is now a constitutional law landmark. It is a case in which Justice ∗ These proceedings, cosponsored by the Robert H. Jackson Center and the Supreme Court Historical Society, occurred at the Jackson Center in Jamestown, New York, on April 28, 2006. The following remarks were edited for publication. † Partner, Phillips Lytle LLP and Chair of the Board of Directors, Robert H. Jackson Center, Inc. 1 319 U.S. 624 (1943). During the litigation, courts misspelled the Barnett family surname as “Barnette.” 755 BARNETTE FINAL 9/25/2007 11:11:19 AM 756 ST. JOHN’S LAW REVIEW [Vol. 81:755 Jackson wrote for the Court one of his most eloquent and important opinions during his thirteen years as a Justice.
    [Show full text]
  • Fall 2018 the WESTERN WAY CONTENTS FEATURES Tales of the West 27 6 Jim Wilson in the Crosshairs Sons of the Pioneers
    Founder From e President... Bill Wiley Ocers Marvin O’Dell, Someone told me recently that they don’t join or get President involved with the IWMA because the same people win the Jerry Hall, Executive V.P. Robert Fee, awards year aer year. It’s not the rst time I’ve heard this, V.P. General Counsel but I thought this time I would check to see if that is, in fact, Yvonne Mayer, Secretary true. Here’s what I discovered (you can see these same results Diana Raven, Treasurer at the IWMA Web site): Executive Director In the Male Performer of the Year category, there have Marsha Short been six dierent winners in the last ten years; the female Board of Directors counterpart in that category has had six dierent winners in John Bergstrom Richard Dollarhide Marvin O’Dell the last eleven years. Ok, there’s a little room to gripe there, Robert Fee but not much. It’s certainly not the same winner every year. Juni Fisher IWMA President Belinda Gail In the Songwriter of the Year category there have been Jerry Hall eight dierent winners in the last ten years, and the Song of the Year category shows 14 Judy James Robert Lorbeer dierent winners in the last 16 years. Yvonne Mayer e Traditional Duo/Group category has had 10 dierent winners in the last eleven years. Marvin O’Dell Theresa O’Dell Western Swing Album of the Year? Nine dierent winners in the past ten years. Instrumentalist of the Year? Eight dierent players have taken home the award in the past 2018 Board Interns 10 years.
    [Show full text]