A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 345: 97–135 (2013) Flying Foxes of the Mortlock Islands and Chuuk State 97 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.345.5840 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Taxonomy, distribution, and natural history of flying foxes (Chiroptera, Pteropodidae) in the Mortlock Islands and Chuuk State, Caroline Islands Donald W. Buden1, Kristofer M. Helgen2, Gary J. Wiles3 1 Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, College of Micronesia–FSM, P.O. Box 159, Kolonia, Pohnpei 96941, Federated States of Micronesia 2 Division of Mammals, National Museum of Natural History, Smithso- nian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA 3 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way North, Olympia, Washington 98501-1091, USA Corresponding author: Donald W. Buden (
[email protected]) Academic editor: W. Bogdanowicz | Received 20 June 2013 | Accepted 17 October 2013 | Published 29 October 2013 Citation: Buden DW, Helgen KM, Wiles GJ (2013) Taxonomy, distribution, and natural history of flying foxes (Chiroptera, Pteropodidae) in the Mortlock Islands and Chuuk State, Caroline Islands. ZooKeys 345: 97–135. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.345.5840 Abstract The taxonomy, biology, and population status of flying foxes (Pteropus spp.) remain little investigated in the Caroline Islands, Micronesia, where multiple endemic taxa occur. Our study evaluated the taxonomic relationships between the flying foxes of the Mortlock Islands (a subgroup of the Carolines) and two closely related taxa from elsewhere in the region, and involved the first ever field study of the Mortlock population. Through a review of historical literature, the name Pteropus pelagicus Kittlitz, 1836 is resur- rected to replace the prevailing but younger name P.