The Federal Reserve’s Dollar Swap Lines and the European Central Bank during the global financial crisis of 2007–2009 Emmanuel Carré and Laurent Le Maux* Symposium on Money, Banking and Finance 7-8 June 2018, Sciences Po Aix-en-Provence Revised version of the manuscript, 9 March 2020 Forthcoming in the Cambridge Journal of Economics Although the literature has studied the role of the Federal Reserve as the global lender of last resort in 2007–2009, many aspects of the Dollar Swap Lines to the European Central Bank need further exploration. Accordingly, we provide original evidence about the auction operations, allotted amounts, and interest rates with regard to the Federal Reserve’s dollar swaps and the European Central Bank’s dollar provision. More specifically, we examine the demand side of the Dollar Swap Lines (whereas the existing literature mentions the supply side only) and we scrutinise the interest rate (whereas the literature concentrates on volumes) set by the Federal Reserve, and also the rate set by the European Central Bank. Our findings cast light on the nature of the relationship between the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank. Finally, we contribute to the literature on the global lender of last resort by coining the notion of the financial dilemma, under the dollar system within a framework of globalized financial markets. * Emmanuel Carré (University of South Brittany):
[email protected]. Laurent Le Maux (University of Western Brittany):
[email protected]. The authors would like to thank Orice Williams Brown (General Accountability Office) and Michael Fleming (Federal Reserve Bank of New York).