Study Guide Study Guide

Home , Malvolio, Olivia (Twelfth Night), Sir Andrew Aguecheek

Saddleback EducationalSaddleback Publishing

STUDY GUIDE STUDY GUIDE

The Timeless Shakespeare Study Guides provide a wealth of reproducible support materials to

help students extend the learning experience. - E D I U G Y D U T S Features include critical background notes on both the author and the times, character descriptions, chapter summaries, and eight “universal” exercises—focusing on plot, theme, t w

character, vocabulary, important literary terms, e l f and book report structure. t h n i g h t

ISBN-13: 978-1-61651-168-5 ISBN-10: 1-61651-168-0 | Contents |

Notes to the Teacher ...... 4 17 Words and Meanings, Act 4 . . . 28 Facts About the Author ...... 5 18 Synonyms and Antonyms, Facts About the Times ...... 5 Act 4 ...... 29 Facts About the Characters . . . . . 6 19 Recalling Details, Act 4 . . . 30 Summaries by Act ...... 6 20 Personalizing the Story, Literary Glossary ...... 8 Act 4 ...... 31 Answer Key ...... 10 21 Comprehension Check, Act 5 ...... 32 ACT EXERCISES 22 Words and Meanings, Act 5 . . . 33 1 Comprehension Check, 23 Character Study, Act 5 . . . . 34 Act 1 ...... 12 24 Language Lab, Act 5 . . . . 35 2 Words and Meanings, Act 1 . . . 13 25 Synonyms and Antonyms, 3 Character Study, Act 1 . . . . 14 Act 5 ...... 36 4 Mystery Words, Act 1 . . . . 15 26 Recalling Details, Act 5 . . . 37 5 Comprehension Check, END-OF-PLAY EXERCISES Act 2 ...... 16 6 Words and Meanings, Act 2 . . . 17 27 Sequence of Events . . . . . 38 7 Mystery Words, Act 2 . . . . 18 28 Final Exam, Part 1 . . . . . 39 8 Language Lab, Act 2 ...... 19 28 Final Exam, Part 2 . . . . . 40 9 Synonyms and Antonyms, UNIVERSAL EXERCISES Act 2 ...... 20 29 Beyond the Text ...... 41 10 Recalling Details, Act 2 . . . 21 30 Plot Study ...... 42 11 Comprehension Check, Act 3 ...... 22 31 Theme Analysis ...... 43 12 Words and Meanings, Act 3 . . . 23 32 Character Study ...... 44 13 Language Lab, Act 3 ...... 24 33 Vocabulary Study ...... 45 14 Personalizing the Story, 34 Glossary Study ...... 46 Act 3 ...... 25 35 Critical Review, Part 1 . . . . 47 15 Sequence of Events, Act 3 . . . 26 35 Critical Review, Part 2 . . . 48 16 Comprehension Check, Act 4 ...... 27 TIMELESS Shakespeare NOTES TO THE TEACHER

THE PROGRAM Timeless Shakespeare were expressly for Shakespeare’s plays are designed designed to help students with limited to be used act-by-act as the student’s reading ability gain access to some of reading of the play proceeds . Several the world’s greatest literature . While exercises are provided for each act . One retaining the essence and stylistic always focuses on key vocabulary . Others “flavor” of the original, each Timeless include a simple comprehension check Shakespeare has been expertly adapted and treatment of an important literary to a reading level that never exceeds concept such as character analysis, point grade 4 .0 . of view, inference, or figurative language . A three-page final exam is also included An ideal introduction to later, more in every Timeless Shakespeare Study in-depth investigations of the original Guide . works, Timeless Shakespeare utilize a number of strategies to ensure the USING THE STUDY GUIDES involvement of reluctant readers: airy, Before assigning any of the reproducible uncomplicated page design, shortened exercises, be sure each student has a sentences, easy-reading type style, personal copy of the Glossary and the elimination of archaic words and Facts About the Author and About the spellings, shortened total book length, Times . Students will need to be familiar and handsome illustrations . with many of the literary terms in order to complete the worksheets . Obviously, THE STUDY GUIDES the Facts About the Author and About the The Timeless Shakespeare Study Times lend themselves to any number of Guides provide a wealth of reproducible writing, art, or research projects you may support materials to help students wish to assign . extend the learning experience . Features The title-specific exercises may be used include critical background notes on as a springboard for class discussions or both the author and the times, character role-playing . Alternatively, you may wish descriptions, chapter summaries, and to assign some exercises as homework seven “universal” exercises which may and others as seatwork during the closing be used to follow up the reading of any minutes of a class period . Timeless Shakespeare novel or play . All exercises in this Guide are In addition to the universal exercises, designed to accommodate independent 27 title-specific exercises are included study as well as group work . The to review, test, and enrich students’ occasional assignment of study partners comprehension as well as their grasp of or competitive teams often enhances important vocabulary and concepts . All interest and promotes creativity . reproducible, the worksheets provided

4 Shspeaake re Plays FACTS ABOUT THE AUTHOR

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE (1564–1616) William Shakespeare is widely regarded sure what happened to him during the as the finest poet and playwright who ever next seven years, although one account lived . Yet he was the son of illiterate says that he was a schoolmaster . In parents and never attended college! 1592, however, records reveal that he was working in London as both an Much of this remarkable man’s life actor and a playwright . By that year, he is shrouded in mystery . He had been had published two popular poems and dead almost a hundred years before written at least three plays . anyone wrote a short account of his life . But we do know that his mother, Mary Records from various sources show that Arden, was the daughter of a prosperous Shakespeare became wealthy . In 1597, farmer . His father, John Shakespeare, he bought one of the grandest houses was a successful glovemaker who also in Stratford . (It had 10 fireplaces!) The traded in wool, hides, and grain . They next year he bought 10 percent of the lived in an English market town called stock in the handsome Globe Theater Stratford-on-Avon, where William was and a fine house in London . His artistic born in 1564 . Their house still stands . life was very busy and productive . His theatrical company, known as the Until the age of 13 or 14, Shakespeare King’s Men, presented a variety of probably attended the Stratford grammar plays, week after week . It is thought school, where he read the great Latin that he rehearsed in the mornings, acted classics of Cicero, Virgil, and Seneca . in the afternoons, and wrote at night . Some stories say that he had to leave school early because of his father’s After 1612, he spent most of his time financial difficulties . But there is no in Stratford with his family . He died official record of his life until 1582, there, at the age of 52, on April 23, 1616 . when he married Anne Hathaway at The tomb of the great literary genius the age of 18 . By 1585, he and Anne still stands at Holy Trinity Church in had three children . No one knows for Stratford .

FACTS ABOUT THE TIMES I n 1564, when Shakespeare was born . . . In 1616, when Shakespeare died . . . About 100,000 people lived in Sir Walter Raleigh began his search London; the horsedrawn coach was for El Dorado; tobacco was becoming introduced in England; the great Italian a popular crop in Virginia; Pocahontas sculptor and painter, Michelangelo, died; the Catholic church forbade died; an outbreak of plague killed more Galileo from conducting any further than 20,000 Londoners . scientific investigations .

5 Twl e fth Night FACTS ABOUT THE CHARACTERS

VIOLA a witty and beautiful young MALVOLIO Olivia’s straitlaced, self- noblewoman who disguises herself as a man righteous steward who becomes the butt of (Cesario) and ends up falling in love with a cruel trick played on him by Sir Toby, Sir the duke she serves . She faces a dilemma Andrew, and Maria when Olivia, the woman the duke is courting, falls in love with her (as Cesario) . FESTE the clown, or fool, of Olivia’s household, he offers several characters good ORSINO the powerful Duke of Illyria advice in spite of his foolishness who pines for Olivia’s love in an egotistical way . His affections don’t shift until the final SIR TOBY BELCH Olivia’s rowdy, scene when he discovers that Cesario is drunken uncle, who eventually finds a mate actually Viola . in Olivia’s sharp-witted gentlewoman Olivia’s clever gentlewoman-in- OLIVIA a wealthy and beautiful MARIA noblewoman who’s in deep mourning for waiting who, like Malvolio, has ambitions her dead brother . Although she’s being to rise in the world courted by Orsino and Sir Andrew Aguecheek, SIR ANDREW AGUECHEEK a her melancholy doesn’t end until she meets bumbling idiot, he’s a friend of Toby’s who Sebastian, Viola’s brother . vainly tries to court Olivia SEBASTIAN Viola’s lost twin brother, ANTONIO Sebastian’s friend and he’s amazed when people in Illyria, protector who rescues Sebastian after his mistaking him for Viola, think they know shipwreck him . He’s surprised and pleased when Olivia wants to marry him . FABIAN Olivia’s servant

SUMMARIES BY ACT ACT 1: As Duke Orsino of Illyria moons over joins Toby in flattering and encouraging Sir Olivia, Viola arrives in the town after being Andrew as a joke . Olivia is not amused by rescued from a shipwreck that presumably either man’s drunken prattle . Feste, Olivia’s took the life of her twin brother Sebastian . In fool, makes jokes to lighten Olivia’s mood order to support herself, she disguises herself while Malvolio, the stuffy steward of the as a man and finds work as a page in the duke’s household, objects to Feste’s presumptuous household . There, she quickly becomes the attempts at humor . Maria announces that duke’s favorite servant and is sent to declare Olivia has a visitor at the gate, but she Orsino’s love to Olivia . Meanwhile, in the refuses to see anyone until Malvolio tells beautiful noblewoman Olivia’s household, her that Cesario is very handsome . Olivia Sir Toby Belch, her uncle, brings Sir Andrew tells Cesario that she will never love Orsino . Aguecheek—a fellow drinker and brawler— She is so attracted to Cesario, however, that to Olivia’s court to try to win his niece’s she sends Malvolio after him with a ring she love . Recognizing that Aguecheek is a fool, pretends that Cesario left with her . Maria, Olivia’s gentlewoman-in-waiting,

6 ACT 2: After rescuing Sebastian from a ACT 4: Thinking he’s with Cesario, Feste shipwreck, Antonio risks danger by following brings Sebastian home to Olivia . There, his new friend to Orsino’s court . Meanwhile, he’s attacked by Sir Andrew, who also Viola refuses to accept Olivia’s ring when mistakes Sebastian for Cesario . Unlike his Malvolio tries to return it . Suspecting that sister, however, Sebastian fights back with Olivia has feelings for Cesario, Viola sees his dagger . Then Toby draws his sword, no hope of resolution . After Malvolio scolds but is sent away by Olivia, who takes Toby and Andrew for their drinking, foolish Sebastian inside . Meanwhile, Feste has Andrew suggests challenging Malvolio to put on clerygyman’s robes and is talking a duel . But Maria has a better idea: She nonsense to Malvolio, who’s still confined suggests a practical joke—forging a love in the dark room . Feste gives Malvolio paper letter to Malvolio in Olivia’s handwriting . and ink to write a letter to Olivia as proof Toby and Andrew quickly agree . They watch of his sanity . At the same time, Sebastian is from behind a bush as Malvolio reads the becoming smitten by Olivia’s devotion and letter and fantasizes about a possible love beauty . He and Olivia go off with a priest to relationship with Olivia . be married . Olivia, of course, thinks she is marrying Cesario . ACT 3: Cesario again pleads with Olivia on Orsino’s behalf, and this time, admitting her ACT 5: On their way to call on Olivia, love for Cesario, she gives him a jewel as Orsino and Cesario are surprised to see a love token . Cesario leaves, unhappy and officers dragging Antonio down the street . very confused . Meanwhile, Sir Andrew is Then Antonio tells Orsino his story and discouraged in his courtship . Toby suggests lashes out at Cesario, claiming that he needs that Olivia is only trying to make him jealous his purse (which he loaned to Sebastian) to and that perhaps he should prove his love by gain his freedom . Cesario and Orsino are challenging Cesario to a duel . At the same both bewildered by his story . Next, Olivia, time, Olivia is disgusted when Malvolio acts thinking that Cesario is Sebastian, speaks upon the bad advice in Maria’s letter: He of their recent marriage . Orsino is angry at wears yellow stockings and grins absurdly . Cesario’s apparent betrayal and threatens to Sir Toby, Fabian, and Maria pretend he is kill him . To further complicate the situation, possessed by the devil and have him locked Cesario declares his love for Orsino . Then in a dark room . Sir Toby encourages the Sebastian enters, not recognizing his sister swordfight, telling Sir Andrew and Cesario until they question each other . Finally, what a fierce fighter the other one is . Cesario puts on women’s clothing and Then Antonio, thinking Cesario is Sebastian, convinces both Orsino and Sebastian that interrupts the fight by offering to fight on she is a woman . Orsino, in spite of his his friend’s behalf . But just then Antonio, supposed devotion to Olivia, is charmed by who is a wanted man in Illyria, is arrested Viola . At the play’s end, Malvolio shows by police officers . Having loaned his purse Olivia Maria’s forged letter and Fabian to Sebastian, he’s heartbroken when Cesario explains how the trick was played . When claims to know nothing of the money Antonio Olivia orders Malvolio’s release, he storms needs to pay his bail . Having heard Antonio out angrily . As the play ends, plans are mention the name “Sebastian,” Cesario being made for a double wedding . (Viola) runs off to look for him .

7 Shspeaake re Plays LITERARY GLOSSARY aside lines spoken by an actor that the conclusion the resolution of all plot other characters on stage supposedly conflicts, bringing a story to a close cannot hear; an aside usually shares That play’s conclusion was very the character’s inner thoughts with the satisfying. Every conflict was audience resolved. Although she appeared to be calm, dialogue words spoken by the characters the heroine’s aside revealed her inner in a novel or play terror. Amusing dialogue is an important element of most comedies. backstage the part of the theater where actors prepare to go onstage, where drama a story, usually not a comedy, scenery is kept, etc . especially written to be performed by Before entering, the villain impatiently actors in a play or movie waited backstage. The TV drama about spies was very suspenseful. cast the entire company of actors performing in a play event something that happens; The entire cast must attend tonight’s a specific occurrence dress rehearsal. The most exciting event in the story was the surprise ending. character a fictional person or creature in a story or play figurative language colorful wording Mighty Mouse is one of my favorite not meant to be taken literally, but to cartoon characters. form a colorful, sharp picture in the mind climax the outcome of the main conflict of a play or novel A “screaming” headline may be set in large type, but it makes The outlaw’s capture made an exciting no sound at all. climax to the story. introduction a short reading that comedy a funny play, film, or TV show presents and explains a novel or play that has a happy ending The introduction to Frankenstein is My friends and I always enjoy a in the form of a letter. Jim Carrey comedy. motive the internal or external conflict the struggle between characters, force that makes a character do forces, or ideas at something the center of a story What was that character’s motive Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde illustrates for telling a lie? the conflict between good and evil.

8 Twl e fth Night • Act 1 1 COMPREHENSION CHECK

name ______date ______

Circle a letter to answer the question or complete the sentence .

1 . The ship’s captain had heard 7 . Who warns the jester that he a rumor that might get fired? a . Sebastian had drowned . a . Olivia b . Orsino loved Olivia . b . Maria c . Orsino was a bachelor . c . Cesario 2 . Sir Toby wants Olivia to marry 8 . Before greeting Cesario, Olivia a . Malvolio . a . sends Malvolio away . b . puts a veil over her face . b . the Duke of Illyria . c . peeks out the window . c . Sir Andrew Aguecheek . 9 . Who uses wit to prove that 3 . Sir Toby scolds Sir Andrew for Olivia is a fool? a . hiding his virtues . a . Feste b . drinking too much . b . Malvolio c . accosting the maid . c . Sir Toby 4 . When she dresses as a young 10 . Who keeps Cesario waiting man, what name does Viola outside Olivia’s gate? begin to use? a . Sir Andrew a . Feste b . Sir Toby b . Cesario c . Maria c . Malvolio 11 . Malvolio tells Olivia that her 5 . Who tells Cesario that he’s visitor is likely to be promoted? a . one of her relatives . a . Curio b . afraid to see her . b . Sir Andrew c . rude and good-looking . c . Valentine 12 . Cesario tells Olivia that his 6 . Viola tells no one that she message is a . wants to marry the duke . a . for her ears alone . b . is looking for her brother . b . a cruel trick . c . will soon leave Illyria . c . of little importance .

name ______date ______

A. Find and circle the hidden vocabulary W N E S A P P E T I T E words from Act 1 . Words may go up, D O J V B Q U S Y L C T down, across, backward, or diagonally . G B E N O W O R T N Y F Check off each word as you find it . A L P S E C X C A L O I ___ APPETITE ___ WOO S E A R C H M G E R T R Y I H A E S A D R F W H ___ REVELING ___ WITTY K S J L G V A E S O I T ___ JESTER ___ NOBLE O M E B A S E D C E H D ___ KNIGHT ___ REEL O P S R M L N L B G V N W I T T Y C B U I Y T E ___ SPENDTHRIFT ___ ACCOST R X E Q A O P N E N D P ___ EXTRAVAGANCE ___ SHREW E Y R S D L K B S A G S

B. Write the word from the puzzle that matches each definition .

1 . ______: 7 . ______: a woman who often scolds having fun in a noisy, and nags merry way 2 . ______: 8 . ______: a person who wastes money any strong desire, especially by spending carelessly for food 3 . ______: 9 . ______: especially clever in an going beyond normal limits in amusing way conduct, especially spending 4 . ______: 10 . ______: clown hired to tell jokes and` a lively folk dance or do tricks in a royal court the music for it 5 . ______: 11 . ______: to approach and speak to having a high rank or title; someone in a bold, rude way aristocratic 6 . ______: 12 . ______: to court someone in order in England, a high social rank to win his or her love accompanied by the title “Sir”

name ______date ______

A. Solve the puzzle with names of the characters introduced in Act 1 . Answers are the missing words in the clues . If you can’t remember, look back through the first act .

1 2 3 ACROSS M T O

2 . Sir ___ Belch, Olivia’s uncle, 4 drinks too much . V

4 . ___ is the young gentleman 5 6 who appears in Scene 1 . V A 7 5 . ___ fears that her brother has F 8 C been drowned at sea .

8 . ___ is really a young woman pretending to be a man . 9 S 9 . ___ is Viola’s twin brother .

DOWN 6 . Sir ___ Aguecheek is a friend 1 . ___ is Olivia’s steward . of Olivia’s uncle . 3 . ___ is a wealthy countess . 7 . ___ is Olivia’s jester .

B. Use a character’s name to complete each sentence . 1 . ______is the daughter of a count who died a year ago . 2 . Maria called ______“a fool and a spendthrift .” 3 . With the help of the ship’s captain, ______disguises herself . 4 . ______pretends to admire Sir Andrew’s dancing . 5 . The Duke of Illyria asks ______to tell Olivia of his deep devotion . 6 . ______calls Feste “an empty-headed rascal .” 7 . Olivia tells ______to look after her uncle . 8 . Olivia’s maid tells ______that her mistress is weeping in her room . 9 . The ship’s captain saw ______tying himself to a mast .