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1107 Index a REVATHI radar 238–239 Accuracy (radar) 124–126 ROHINI radar 238 angular position accuracy 124–126 SMART‐S MK2 236–237 range accuracy 124 Air‐to‐Air infrared guided missiles 989–991 Active Denial System 1045–1046 AIM‐9X 990–991 Advanced Tactical Laser (ATL) 1094 AIM‐132 ASRAAM 990 AGM‐65 Maverick 944 IRIS‐T 989 AGM‐88 HARM 944 MICA‐IR 990 AGM‐114 Hellfire‐II laser‐guided PYTHON 991 missile 962–963 Vympel R‐73 989 AIM‐7 Sparrow 1002 Air‐to‐Air radar guided missiles 1002–1003 AIM‐9X air‐to‐air IR‐guided missile 990–991 AIM‐7 Sparrow 1002 AIM‐54 Phoenix 1002–1003 AIM‐54 Phoenix 1002–1003 AIM‐120 AMRAAM 1003 AIM‐120 AMRAAM 1003 AIM‐132 ASRAAM 990 AKASH surface‐to‐air missile 1001–1002 Air Borne Laser (ABL) 1094 All Gas‐phase Iodine Laser (AGIL) 1077 Air surveillance radar 224–240 ALPHA laser 1096 airport surveillance radar 225–226 Amplitude Modulation (AM) 6–14 AN/FPS‐117 230 A3E system 10 AN/TPS‐59 229–230 B8E system 13 AN/TPS‐77 230–231 C3F system 13–14 AN/TPS‐78 231–233 frequency spectrum 7–8 AN/TPS‐117 230 H3E system 11–12 ASR‐11 238 J3E system 12–13 automatic dependent surveillance 228 noise in AM signal 8 Central AcquisitionCOPYRIGHTED Radar power MATERIAL in AM signal 8 (3D‐CAR) 238–239 R3E system 12–13 E3‐Sentry AWACS 233–234 Analogue pulse communication LSTARM 234–235 systems 22–23 MAGS 237–238 pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) 22–23 multilateration system 226–227 pulse position modulation (PPM) 23 NS‐100 235–236 pulse width modulation (PWM) 23 Handbook of Defence Electronics and Optronics: Fundamentals, Technologies and Systems, First Edition. Anil K. Maini. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published 2018 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Chapter No.: 1 Title Name: Maini 0003446234.INDD 0003446234.INDDComp. 1107 by: R. RAMESH Date: 07 Mar 2018 Time: 08:03:16 AM Stage: Printer WorkFlow:CSW Page Number: 11073/7/2018 8:03:16 AM 1108 Index Android, 6.0 Marshmallow OS 2 Bridges 407 AN/PRC‐154 Rifleman Radio 3 Bus topology 389–390 Antenna G/T ratio 384 Antennas 60–73 c 4 characteristic parameters 60–65 C ISR 90–91 4 dipole antenna 65 C I CONNECT 97, 100 helical antenna 70–71 command and control 90 Hertz antenna 65 communications 90 horn antenna 70 cyber security 90–91 lens antenna 69–70 EW systems 90–91 log‐periodic antenna 72 intelligence 90 Marconi antenna 65 P‐3 ORION 100–101 microstrip antenna 73 reconnaissance 90 phased array antenna 72–73 SEA‐COM 97, 100 radiation mechanism 60 SEA‐SPOTTER 97, 101 reflector antennas 67–69 surveillance 90 rhombic antenna 67 Universal Communications Platform (UCP) 98 satellite antennas 342, 357–358 CCD sensor 812–815 types of 65–73 Bayer’s filter 813–814 V‐antenna 67 vs. CMOS sensor 817–818 Yagi‐Uda antenna 66–67 CHAMP 1050–1051 Anti‐ship radar guided missiles 1003–1004 Characteristic parameters (Photo EXOCET family 1003–1004 sensors) 786–793 Harpoon 1004 detectivity 790 RBS‐15, 1004 D‐star 790 Yingji 1004 noise 792–793 Anti‐tank infrared guided missiles 984–986 noise equivalent power (NEP) 789–790 FGM‐148 Javelin 984 quantum efficiency 790–791 NAG 986 response time 791 PARS, 3 LR 984–985 responsivity 787–789 Spike 985–986 Chemical lasers 468, 635, 1073–1077 AN/VRC‐118 (V)1 wideband tactical radio 3 Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser Arkon‐1 series 446 (COIL) 1075–1077 AS‐34 Kormoran 943–944 CHP laser dazzler 1055–1056 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 401 Circuit switched networks 395 Attitude and orbit control 342, 353–354 CMOS sensor 817–818 vs. CCD sensor 817–818 b Code division multiple access (CDMA) 364 Batteries (Satellite) 353 Cognitive radio 4–5, 96 Beam combining of lasers 1084–1086 Coherent beam combining 1085 coherent beam combining 1085 Command guidance 940–943 incoherent beam combining 1086 Automatic Command to Line‐Of‐Sight spectral beam combining 1085 (ACLOS) 942 Beam control technologies 1086–1087 Command to Line‐Of‐Sight (CLOS) 941 Beam propagation analyzer 592 Command Off Line‐Of‐Sight Beam rider guidance 939–940 (COLOS) 941, 942 laser beam rider guidance 939–940 Hellfire 941 radar beam rider guidance 939–940 Manual Command Line‐Of‐Sight Bistatic radar 195 (MCLOS) 941 0003446234.INDD 1108 3/7/2018 8:03:16 AM Index 1109 Semi‐Automatic Command Line‐Of‐Sight Defence Support Programme (DSP) series (SACLOS) 941 443–444 Semi‐Manual Command Line‐Of‐Sight Demand assigned multiple access 358–359 (SMCLOS) 941 DF laser 1073–1074 Communication receivers 37–51 Digital modulation 29–34 AM receiver 41–42 amplitude shift keying (ASK) 29–30 ASK receiver 47 differential phase shift keying (DPSK) 31 FM receiver 46 frequency shift keying (FSK) 30 FSK receiver 48–49 offset quadrature phase shift keying 33–34 PM receiver 46 phase shift keying (PSK) 30–31 PSK receiver 49–51 quadrature phase shift keying SSB receiver 44 (QPSK) 32–33 Communication satellites 420–433 Digital pulse communication systems 24–28 American systems 422–426 adaptive delta modulator 27–28 applications 420–421 delta modulator 26–27 Defence Satellite Communication differential PCM 26 Systems 422, 429 pulse code modulation (PCM) 25–26 dual‐use military satellite communication Directed energy laser weapons 470, 1051–1097 systems 428–429 high power directed energy laser frequency spectrum 427–428 weapons 1065–1097 Geizer 430 laser dazzlers 1052–1060 Globus series 430–431 ordnance disposal 1061–1064 Leasat series 431–432 Directed energy weapons 1013–1098 Milstar series 432–433 death ray 1013 Potok series 430 directed energy laser weapons 1051–1097 Russian systems 426–427 high power microwave (HPM) Syncom‐4, 431–432 weapons 1025–1051 UHF Follow‐On (UFO) programme 422 laser‐induced plasma channel (LIPC) Communication transmitters 37–51 weapons 1098 AM transmitter 38, 40–41 MIT experiment 1013–1014 ASK transmitter 38, 46–47 particle beam weapons 1016–1025 Classification of 37–39 types of 1015–1016 CW transmitter 39 Displays 829–838 FM transmitter 38, 45 bar graph displays 830 FSK transmitter 38, 48–49 characteristics 829–830 MF transmitter 37 CRT displays 836–837 PM transmitter 38, 46 digital light processing technology 837 PSK transmitter 38, 49–51 electronic ink displays 838 radio control transmitter 38 field emission displays 838 SSB transmitter 43–44 liquid crystal displays (LCDs) 831–836 television transmitter 38 organic LEDs 837 UHF transmitter 38 plasma display panels 838 VHF transmitter 37–38 seven‐segment displays 830–831 Continuous wave (CW) radar 169–170 types of 830–838 Doppler effect‐based navigation system 452 d DRDO Astra BVRAAM 944 Data signals 6 DS‐110 High Power Electromagnetic (HPEM) Dazer laser DEFENDER 1058 System 1050 Dazer laser GUARDIAN 1058 Duplexer 115 0003446234.INDD 1109 3/7/2018 8:03:16 AM 1110 Index e Electronic protection Early warning satellites 440–443 See Electronic Counter‐Countermeasures Earth coverage 340–341 Electronic reconnaissance 478–481 coverage angle 341 Communications Intelligence Earth‐to‐Space weapons 461–463 (COMINT) 480–481 E‐bomb 1040–1044 Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) 479–480 delivery mechanism 1043–1044 Radiation Intelligence (RINT) 478 lethality 1043 Signal Intelligence (SIGINT) 478–484 operational principle 1041–1042 Electronic Support Measures (ESM) 476–502 Eccentricity (orbit) 311 Communications Intelligence ECM equipment 510–519 (COMINT) 480–481 AN/ALE‐40 Countermeasure Dispenser Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) 478 System (CMDS) 513 ESM/radar warning receiver 484–490 AN/ALE‐47 Countermeasure Dispenser laser warning receiver 490–496 System (CMDS) 513 missile approach warning receiver 496–502 AN/ALE‐50 Advanced airborne Expendable Signal Intelligence (SIGINT) 478–484 Decoy (AAED) 518 Electronic warfare 475–544 AN/ALE‐55 fibreoptic towed Electronic Attack (EA) 476–477, decoy 518–519 503–519 AN/ALQ‐99 airborne jamming Electronic Counter‐Countermeasures system 510–511 (ECCM) 477, 533–535 AN/ALQ‐187 ECM pod 511 Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) Ariel towed radar decoy 517–518 476–477, 503–519 BOL Countermeasure Dispenser System Electronic Protection 477, 533–535 (CMDS) 513–514 Electronic Support Measures BOZ‐107 Countermeasure Dispenser System (ESM) 476–502 (CMDS) 515–516 future trends 542–544 IR decoy flares (M‐206) 516–517 Electronic Warfare Support (ES) 476–502 IR decoy flares (MJU family) 516–517 Electron multiplication CCD sensor 815–816 Miniature Air Launched Decoy‐Jammer Electro‐optical imaging satellite 434 (MALD‐J) 512 Electro‐optic Countermeasures Next Generation Jammer (NGJ) Electronic (EOCM) 519–526 Attack pod 512–513 active countermeasures 521 Electric and ion propulsion 347 active protection systems 526 Electronic Attack (EA) See Electronic EOCM equipment 521–526 Countermeasures (ECM) need and relevance 520 Electronic Counter‐Countermeasures passive countermeasures 520 (ECCM) 533–535 Electro‐optic target detection 904–906 antenna‐related ECCM features 533–534 Cat’s eye effect 904 receiver‐related ECCM features 535 Optifinder‐1200, 905 signal processing related ECCM SLD‐400 laser sniper detector 905 features 535 SLD‐500 laser sniper detector 905 transmitter‐related ECCM features 534–535 EOCM equipment 521–526 Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) 503–519 AN/VLQ‐6 HARDHAT 525 chaff 507–508 ARENA active protection system 526, decoys 509–510 757–758 ECM equipment 510–519 COROLLA PRINCE 525 flares 508–509 DHY‐322 laser decoy system 525 jamming techniques 503–507 hard‐kill EOCM system 521–522 0003446234.INDD 1110 3/7/2018 8:03:16 AM Index 1111 laser countermeasures system (LaCM) 525 GRIFO‐S 270–271 laser grenades 525 multimode fire control radar 271 MASS (Multi‐Ammunition Soft‐Kill Rajendra, 3D fire control radar 268–269 System) 524 RDY‐3 fire control radar 267–268 ROSY (Rapid