Chascon 2020

CHASCON 2020

(Souvenir) CHASCON 2020 “Science and Technology Innovations” USHERING IN THE ERA OF MAKE IN INDIA

14th CHANDIGARH SCIENCE CONGRESS (ONLINE MODE)

17-19 DECEMBER, 2020

ORGANISED BY

PANJAB UNIVERSITY, CHANDIGARH

In Association with

CHANDIGARH REGION INNOVATION AND KNOWLEDGE CLUSTER (CRIKC)

chascon.puchd.ac.in [email protected]

CHASCON 2020

TEAM CHASCON WELCOMES YOU TO E-SOUVENIR OF CHASCON-2020

Patron: Prof. Raj Kumar Vice Chancellor Panjab University, Chandigarh

Coordinator Co-Coordinator Prof. Desh Deepak Singh Prof. Sandeep Sahijpal, Professor, Department of Professor, Department of Biotechnology Physics, Panjab University Panjab University Sector-14, Chandigarh-160014 Sector-25, Chandigarh-160014 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Website: chascon.puchd.ac.in Email: [email protected]

CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE NUMBER About CHASCON 4

About Panjab university 4 About CRIKC 5

Organizing committee 6 Team Chascon 2020 7

Messages 8 Speakers (Abstract of Talks) 17

Scientific Sessions 38

o Pharmaceutical Sciences 44 o Physical Sciences 72 o Mathematical Sciences 105 o Engineering and Management Sciences 123 o Life Sciences 141 o Earth and Environmental Sciences 170 o Basic Medical Sciences and Dental Sciences 196 o Chemical Sciences 238 Sessions: Panel Discussion 262 Acknowledgements 263

CHASCON 2020

ABOUT CHASCON 2020

Panjab University, Chandigarh in association with Chandigarh Region Innovation and Knowledge Cluster (CRIKC) is organizing Chandigarh Science Congress (CHASCON-2020)- ONLINE MODE from December 17th to 19th 2020 on the theme “Science and Technology Innovations: Ushering in the era of Make in India” realizing that science and technology are the key elements in the economic growth of Modern India. Panjab University along with the CRIKC institutions has been organizing CHASCON every year since 2007. The Congress has come a long way and continues to encourage the young and innovative minds by providing them with a suitable platform for interaction with researchers, academicians and industry leaders from all over the country. Several eminent scientists and experts from various fields are expected participate and deliberate on the theme. The technical sessions will comprise of plenary lectures, oral and poster presentations. The 14th Chandigarh Science Congress would be an event to rejoice science and technology and would showcase for what is being done and can be done in Chandigarh region to define the future India. ABOUT PANJAB UNIVERSITY Panjab University (PU), established in 1882 at Lahore (Now in Pakistan) was shifted to independent India in 1947. It is one of the four universities established in India before partition by the then Federal Government. In 1956, PU shifted to Chandigarh and in 1966, after re-organization of Punjab and was made as an Inter State Body Corporate under the Act of Parliament. PU is imparting education to over 2.5 lakh students through its 78 teaching and research departments located on the twin campus at Chandigarh and through 195 affiliated/constituent colleges spread over Punjab and Chandigarh besides 4 Regional centers at Mukatsar, Ludhiana, Hoshiarpur and Kauni. PU has a long tradition of pursuing excellence in teaching and research in Science & Technology, humanities, social sciences, performing arts and sports. By virtue of its history, experience, achievements, and philosophy, PU has a national character and it enjoys an international stature drawing both the faculty and students from all over the country and different parts of the globe. PU faculty includes some of the most distinguished scientists and academicians. Over the years, the reputation of the PU has grown to emerge as an institution at the pinnacle in innovative teaching, research and community outreach. Its alumni include two former Prime Ministers and several past and present cabinet ministers of the country, two Noble Laureates, a large number of Fellows of various Academies, both in Science and Social Science, Theatre Artists, Actors. There is hardly any sphere where the university has not made its mark. The university is ranked amongst the top Universities in India and Internationally by various agencies/bodies.

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ABOUT CHANDIGARH REGION INNOVATION AND KNOWLEDGE CLUSTER (CRICK) Initiated by PU, the institutions in Chandigarh region called for the creation of Knowledge Cluster in 2012, named as Chandigarh Region Innovation and Knowledge Cluster (crikc.puchd.ac.in) with a view to expand technological innovations by close collaboration of academia and the private and government sectors using accumulated knowledge. The ecosystem is expected to expand its technological innovations in Chandigarh region on a global level. At present CRIKC has thirty institutions from the region that are collaborating in various areas of National and Global priority. The Govt. of India has recently recognized CRIKC model and is planning to create similar knowledge

CHASCON 2020

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Chief Patron

▪ Prof. Raj Kumar Vice Chancellor, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Advisory Committee

▪ Professor R K Singla, Dean University Instructions, Panjab University (PU) ▪ Professor VR Sinha, Dean Research, PU ▪ Professor Prince Sharma, Dean Faculty of Science, PU

Organizing committee

▪ Professor Bhupinder Singh Bhoop, UIPS, PU ▪ Professor SK Tomar, Mathematics Department, PU ▪ Professor Rajat Sandhir, Biochemistry Department, PU ▪ Professor Archana Bhatnagar, Biochemistry Department, PU ▪ Dr. Ganga Ram Chaudhary, Chemistry Department, PU ▪ Professor Daizy Batish, Botany Department, PU ▪ Dr. Rohit Sharma, Microbial Biotechnology, PU ▪ Professor Desh Deepak Singh, Biotechnology Department, PU (Coordinator) ▪ Professor Sandeep Sahijpal, Physics Department, (Co-coordinator)

CHASCON 2020

Team CHASCON 2020

COMMITTEES NAMES STUDENT Manmehar Kaur COORDINATOR REGISTRATION COMMITTEE 1. Divyanshu Bansal 2. Maitri 3. Riya Sharma 4. Vasudha Sharma 5. Drishti Moudgil 6. Harshita SOUVENIR 1. Riya Rani 2. Janvi 3. Pallavi 4. Eshita Jain 5. Harshita 6. Gurleen Kaur CERTIFICATE COMMITTEE 1. Pulkit Sharma 2. Magnolia 3. Akanksha Nayyar 4. Varinda 5. Prabhnoor 6. Gautam Pandey 7. Brinder ORATION COORDINATORS 1. Lovepreet Singh 2. Manmeher Kaur 3. Pooja Aggarwal 4. Mahima Arora 5. Harshita 6. Amandeep Singh 7. Nimisha Raina 8. Richika Arora SESSION COORDINATORS 1. Gurleen Kaur (Basic Medical Science and Dental Science) 2. Nimisha Raina (Life Sciences) 3. Maitri (Pharmaceutical Sciences and Earth and Environment Sciences) 4. Pooja Aggarwal (Chemical Sciences) 5. Aman Murari (Physical Sciences) 6. Akanksha Nayyar (Mathematical Sciences) 7. Hrishika Raj (Engineering and Management Sciences)

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MESSAGES

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Prof. Ravinder Kumar Singla Dean University Instructions Panjab University, Chandigarh

MESSAGE

Dear Colleagues

It is with great pleasure that I greet you on behalf of the Chandigarh Science Congress on December 17-19, 2020 at Panjab University, Chandigarh in collaboration with Chandigarh Region Innovation and Knowledge cluster (CRIKC). This year we came up with the theme: ““Science and Technology Innovations: Ushering in the era of Make in India”.

Following its tradition, this year the congress again offers a wide range of highly interactive sessions on the role of start-ups and New Education Policy (NEP) in creating environment for innovations and further to discuss the related issues. This congress is a wonderful opportunity to not only educate students and young researchers but also deepen understanding of changing ideas and innovative methods of problem solving. We also expect to provide technical demonstrations, and numerous opportunities for informal networking.

I am convinced that this is an excellent event for professionals that will allow you to learn many new things as well as share your experience. See you at Chandigarh Science Congress!!!

Professor Ravinder Kumar Singla

CHASCON 2020

Professor V R Sinha Dean Research Panjab University

MESSAGE

It is a matter of immense pleasure and pride that Panjab University (PU) in association with Chandigarh Region Innovation and Knowledge Cluster (CRIKC) is hosting the Fourteenth Chandigarh Science Congress from December 17-19, 2020 through online mode on the topic: “Science and Technology Innovations: Ushering in the era of Make in India”.

Several eminent scientists and experts from various fields will participate and deliberate on the theme. Such Conferences provides jovial environment for the academicians and research scholars to present their work and exchange their views and ideas with the fellow researchers. I am sure that this conference will also ignite the young minds for innovation and motivate them to work towards making country self sufficient and self reliant.

I take this opportunity to congrats the organizing team of CHASCON and CRIKC institutions for making this Fourteenth Chandigarh Science Congress possible, despite this unprecedented situation due to COVID-19.

I extend my best wishes for the success of the conference.

Professor V R Sinha

CHASCON 2020

Prof. Prince Sharma Dean Faculty of Science Panjab University

MESSAGE

CHASCON (Chandigarh Science Congress) unequivocally has become the face of Panjab University’s scientific academia. Since its inception, CHASCON has grown from strength to strength and has blossomed from regional to national to international event hosting academic luminaries from across the globe. CHASCON-2020, an three days event from Dec.17-19, has been aptly titled in line with the Honorable Prime Minister’s wishes to make India an “Atamnirbhar” country through science and technology innovations and is believed to encompass academic sessions for all walks of science, including “Start-Up and Entrepreneurs” and “COVID-19 Vaccines” and “New Education Policy”. This year’s CHASCON is being organized online, one of the positive fallouts of Covid-19 pandemic, and is being endeavored as a “NO PENNY SPENT” event. I wish CHASCON-2020 a great success.

Prof. Prince Sharma

CHASCON 2020

Prof. S.K. Mehta Coordinator, CRIKC Professor, Chemistry Department, Panjab University

MESSAGE

On behalf of Chandigarh Region Innovation and Knowledge Cluster (CRIKC), It gives us immense pleasure to extend our warm greetings to you all for hosting the 14th Chandigarh Science Congress (CHASCON-2020) being held at Panjab University during 17-19th December, 2020. Ever since its inception in 2013, CRIKC has been closely associated in taking the CHASCON agenda forward. It needs to be mentioned that CHASCON aims and objectives are very much in sync with the CRIKC objectives. Briefly the essential motto of CRICK is to foster and sustain close academic alliances between institutions of higher education and research in the Chandigarh region, to facilitate innovation and knowledge creation. Broadly speaking this is also the underlying objective of holding CHASCON by Panjab University every year since 2007. We are happy to note that CHASCON is an important event to promote the exchange of knowledge, innovations and experiences for future developments of technologies in industrial applications that address societal needs. The intensive deliberations during CHASCON would be quite helpful in providing the researchers with the concepts and methods to plan, conduct, and organize research activities. This will also an opportunity for young researchers to interact with the renowned experts on a one to one basis, to clarify their doubts and questions leading to a healthy interactive sessions. It also provides a very good opportunity to large number of researchers to showcase their research activities, besides promoting interactions amongst the scholars from different institutions of the region.

The 14th Chandigarh Science Congress entitled,’ Science and Technology Innovations: Ushering in the era of Make in India’ is very much in accordance with our national priorities. We are sure that the congress would bring large number of researchers from CRIKC institutions on a common platform to take innovations in science and technology for the benefit of our country. On the occasion, we would like to extend our best wishes to the organizers as well as all the participants of CHASCON for grand success of the event.

Prof. S.K. Mehta and Prof. M.M. Gupta Coordinators, CRIKC

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SPEAKERS (ABSTRACT OF TALKS)

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Indian Planetary Missions

Dr. Anil Bhardwaj FNA, FASc, FNASc J. C. Bose National Fellow Director, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad Email: [email protected]

Abstract The planetary exploration program in India started with the Chandrayaan-1 orbiter mission to the Moon in 2008. This was followed by a mission to Mars, the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), launched in November 2013 and arrival on Mars in September 2014. The second India mission to Moon is the ongoing Chandrayaan-2 mission. India also has a planned mission to study Sun from the L1 vantage-point called the Aditya-L1, as well as future planetary missions. This talk will briefly discuss the Indian planetary missions, related challenges, and highlight the science derived from them.

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Challenges in Development of Vaccines

Professor Amulya K Panda Director, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi

Email: [email protected]

Professor Amulya K Panda a leading expert in field of vaccine development in the country will talk on challenges in vaccine development and way forward.

CHASCON 2020

ADVANCES IN CHEMICALTECHNOLOGY and CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Professor MM Sharma, FRS Emeritus Professor of Eminence Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai Email: [email protected]

Abstract Chemical Industry is highly science based and has always been evolving. Catalytic Transformations have brought out dramatic changes, starting with the synthesis of ammonia and have fetched many Nobel Prizes. Some examples are ethylene to ethylene oxide, propylene to propylene oxide with hydrogen peroxide, n-butane to maleic-anhydride, cat-cracking, platforming, etc. More recent examples are metathesis, asymmetric synthesis, etc. Separation Technology has witnessed major advances with the advent of Pressure Swing Adsorption, Chiral Engineering, Membrane separations, including nano-filtration, Reactive Distillation/Extraction, Divided Wall Columns, etc. Bio-transformations will make a major impact, particularly through Directed Evolution, and a reference can be made for many intermediates for APIs and even vanillin, substitute for sandal wood oil, etc. New Technologies will emerge to exploit renewable raw materials, including lignin and renewable energy, etc. The future of the essential Chemical Industry is very bright and celebrates science behind these ventures

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Impact of Carbohydrate Science in Innovation Niches

Professor N. Jayaraman

Department of Organic Chemistry

Indian Institute of Science,

Bangalore 560 012

Email: [email protected]

[email protected]

Abstract The important chemical, biological and materials properties inherent in carbohydrates provide immense wealth to value additions arising from these naturally-occurring biomolecules. Many frozen technological advancements of carbohydrates rely on their structural properties and energy storage capacities, glaring examples of which are the cellulose fibres and food starches, respectively. Atomic view of these chemical entities will also reveal their fine constitutions and these fine constitutions are rich source to unravel multitude of biological roles that sugars are involved with in the maintenance and sustenance of life. Innovation niches are thus clear possibilities arising from varied roles and properties of carbohydrates. Innovation niches pertaining to healthcare, energy production and evolution of new materials are abound when utilizing carbohydrates in general. Water-resistant cellulosic fibre and a paper resulting from thereof, vaccine development and drug repositioning are some of the illustrative innovation niches. Many innovative niches are in offing at scientific and technological frontiers. The lecture will endeavour into bringing out some of the innovative niches arising from the science of carbohydrates.

CHASCON 2020

Immunogen design for a COVID-19 vaccine

Professor Raghavan Varadarajan, Molecular Biophysics Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore Email: [email protected]

Abstract An affordable, efficacious vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is essential to curb infections and minimize disease spread. Neutralizing antibodies that prevent viral entry into host cells are currently the clearest correlate of protection and are largely directed against the Receptor Binding Domain of the viral Spike protein. Most current vaccines in clinical testing require low temperature storage, a major impediment to widespread deployment. We describe a highly expressed, thermotolerant Receptor Binding Protein derivative that induces titers of neutralizing antibodies well above those required for protection in animal challenge studies, and higher than several vaccine candidates currently in clinical trials. Such a subunit vaccine formulation holds great potential to combat COVID-19.

CHASCON 2020

Sustainability and Drug Discovery and Development: Bridging the Gap

Professor Asit K. Chakraborti Department of Chemistry, S. S. Bhatnagar Block, Main Campus, Indian Institute of Technology-Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India Email: [email protected],

Abstract Chemistry holds the centre stage of the drug discovery and development program.1 It is inherently implied that the development of modern chemistry needs to be well integrated to the various facets of drug discovery and development. In the context of modern development of chemistry addressing sustainability is the key indicator leading to the cultural change under the slogan of green chemistry. To keep pace with the modern developments in chemicals research and cope up with the necessity of sustainable development2it is pertinent to continue to enrich medicinal chemists’ synthetic tool box.3The inadequate implementation of the modern developments of synthetic methodologies in practicing medicinal chemistry4has been of concern and much talked about topic due to its otherwise negative impact on new drug discovery narrowing down the chemical space and hencelimitingthe IP (Intellectual Property) space as well. These indicate the necessity to bridge the gap of modern chemistry development and the practices in new drug discovery for sustainable medicinal chemistry research.5Towards this endeavour the present would showcase a few case studies of sustainable approaches integrating the recent development of synthetic methodologies6 to generate7and optimize8new therapeutic leads as well as new processes9of therapeutic agents.

References: 1. M. MacCoss, T. A. Baillie, Science, 2004, 303, 1810. 2. P. Tundo, P. Anastas, D. S. Black, J. Breen, T. Collins, S. Memoli, J. Miyamoto, M. Polyakoff, W. Tumas, Pure Appl. Chem. 2000, 72, 1207. 3. S. D. Roughley, A. M. Jordan, J. Med. Chem. 2011, 54, 3451. 4. D. G. Brown, J. Boström, J. Med. Chem. 2016, 59, 4443. 5. M. C. Bryan, B. Dillon, L. G. Hamann, G. J. Hughes, M. E. Kopach,E. A. Peterson, M.Pourashraf, I. Raheem, P. Richardson, D. Richter, H. F. Sneddon, J. Med. Chem. 2013, 56, 6007. 6. S. V. Chankeshwara, A. K. Chakraborti, Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 3259. G. L. Khatik, R. Kumar, A. K. Chakraborti, Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 2433.A. K. Chakraborti, S. Rudrawar, K. B. Jadhav, G. Kaur, S. V.

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Chankeshwara, Green Chem. 2007, 9, 1335. N. Parikh, D. Kumar, S. Raha Roy, A. K. Chakraborti, Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 1797. 7. K. Seth, S. K. Garg, R. Kumar, P. Purohit, V. S. Meena, R. Goyal, U. C. Banerjee, A. K. Chakraborti,ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 512.P. Shah, T. M. Dhameliya, R. Bansal, M. Nautiyal, D. N. Kommi, P. S. Jadhavar, J. Padma Sridevi, P. Yogeeswari, D. Sriram, A. K. Chakraborti, Med. Chem. Commun. 2014, 5, 1489.S. Pancholia, T. M. Dhameliya, P. Shah, P. S. Jadhavar, J. Padma Sridevi, P. Yogeshwari, D. Sriram, A. K. Chakraborti, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2016, 116, 187. T. M. Dhameliya, R. Tiwari, A. Banerjee, S. Pancholia, D. Sriram, D. Panda, A. K. Chakraborti, Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2018, 155, 364. 8. K. Seth, P. Purohit, A. K. Chakraborti, Org. Lett.2014, 16, 2334; P. Purohit, K. Seth, A. Kumar, A. K. Chakraborti, ACS Catal. 2017, 5, 2452.B. V. Pipaliya, A. K. Chakraborti, J. Org. Chem.2017, 82, 3767. 9. D. N. Kommi, D. Kumar, K. Seth, A. K. Chakraborti, Org. Lett.2013, 15, 1158. D. N. Kommi, D. Kumar, A. K. Chakraborti, Green Chem. 2013, 15, 767.K. Seth, S. Raha Roy, B. V. Pipaliya, A. K. Chakraborti, Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 5886

CHASCON 2020

NMR approach to investigate glycan structure and function

Yoshiki Yamaguchi Yoshiki Yamaguchi, Ph.D. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Address: 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan Email: [email protected]

Abstract Glycans are highly diverse and the structural complexity has a great potential to work as signalling molecule or functional modulator in biomolecular network system. To figure out the functional role of each glycan, we believe structural glycobiology approach will play a significant role. Especially, solution NMR spectroscopy is the only method to provide structure and dynamics of biomolecules in solution at atomic level. We have developed an NMR method to analyse the structure and dynamics of immunoglobulin G as a model glycoprotein (1) and the study is now expanded to analyse glycan-lectin interaction (2) and glycolipid (3). I will present some of our activities working on glycan structure and function by solution NMR.

(References) 1. Kato K, Yamaguchi Y, Arata Y. Stable-isotope-assisted NMR approaches to glycoproteins using immunoglobulin G as a model system. Prog. NMR Spect. 56, 346-59 (2010) 2. Nagae M, Yamaguchi Y. Sugar recognition and protein-protein interaction of mammalian lectins conferring diverse functions. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 34, 108-15 (2015) 3. Kanie and Yamaguchi et al. Structural analysis of a novel lipooligosaccharide (LOS) from Rhodobacterazotoformans. Carbohydr. Res. 473, 104-114 (2019)

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Opportunities in Nanotechnology

Professor Navakanta Bhat Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE), Indian Institute of science Bangalore Email: [email protected]

Abstract Since the invention of the semiconductor transistor in 1947, the phenomenal progress in electronics systems is enabled by the transistor scaling in the micro to nano regime coupled with very large scale to giga scale integration, driven by storage and compute applications. It is contemplated that nanotechnology and heterogeneous integration must drive the Moore's law in future. In addition, with the advancement in Nanotechnology, the stage is now set for future Nanosystems to be equipped with massive sensory functions, specifically with biological and chemical sensors, going beyond conventional compute and storage paradigm. I will also present two case studies from our research:

(i) Biosensor systems for point of care diagnostics: the story of managing the sensing of multiple analytes in blood and urine with an eventual goal to realize "Lab on Palm" (ii) Gas sensor systems for environmental monitoring, breath analysis and hazardous gas leakage detection, with an eventual goal to realize the "Electronic Nose"

With this backdrop, I will end my talk with some thoughts on future challenges in achieving highly complex Nano enabled Systems.

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Ups and Downs in the Himalaya - using the ancient sedimentary record to constrain Himalayan uplift and erosion

Nigel Hughes Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of California, USA Email: [email protected]

Abstract The present-day bedrock geology of the Himalaya reflects the sum of its geological history of rock formation and erosion, but an historical view of the evolution of the Himalaya requires us to infer the previous history of rocks once deposited in the Himalaya but since eroded. This is challenging, but is best addressed by looking at intervals of geological time that are widely represented both across the orogen and laterally within it. The Neoproterozoic and Cambrian offers one such interval, and is also represented in the Indian foreland basin and in outcrop on the cartoon itself. This talk will present current understanding of the record of the northern India margin during that interval and then consider when these rocks were uplifted and eroded, and how that might have impacted global geochemical signatures many millions of years after these deposits themselves formed.

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Structural biology of coronaviruses

Professor MRN Murthy Distinguished Professor and Astra Zeneca Chair, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru 560100, Email: [email protected]

Abstract The first report on a novel virus infecting the upper respiratory track and causing common cold like symptoms in humans appeared in 1965. Two years later, electron micrographs of the virus revealed that the virus particles resembled distorted spheroids of 70-80 nm diameter. It was named coronavirus based on the appearance of the spike proteins protruding from the virus particles. The protein capsid of coronaviruses is constructed from four proteins, the spike protein, the envelop protein, the membrane protein and the nucleic acid associated protein. The capsids are also surrounded by a bilayer lipid membrane. The size of coronavirus is large compared to common human viruses such as polio virus, the particles of which possess icosahedral symmetry and have diameters of ~ 30 nm. Infection by a novel strain of coronavirus was recognized in 2003 in the Guangdong province of China which caused severe infection of the human respiratory track. The virus strain was named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-coronavirus). This initiated intense work towards determining the three-dimensional structures of coronavirus genome encoded proteins. Another strain of corona virus was found to cause widespread infection in Saudi Arabia (Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome MERS-coronavirus) and many other Arabian countries. The 2019 pandemic of SARS coronavirus, Covid-19, is unprecedented in its impact. This has resulted in an unbelievable volume of research on coronavirus encoded proteins in a short span of time. The work on the structural biology of coronaviruses will be briefly discussed in this presentation.

M.R.N. Murthy; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Clinical management of COVID and the way forward for innovation

Prof Ravi Gupta MS, FRCS, FACS, FAMS (Medical Supdt); Jyoti Kathwal PhD (Principal College of Nursing), Sonali Shamdasani DNB (Deputy Medical Supdt) Department of Hospital Administration, GMCH Chandigarh Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Covid pandemic struck the mankind as a bolt from blue. There was no preparedness in terms of infrastructure, manpower, materials and human readiness to tackle this deadly disease. There were not SOPs in the literature. The treatment and prevention guidelines changed almost on daily basis. There was lot of panic amongst public as well as the health care workers. As the first case of Covid positive with mild symptoms arrived in our hospital on 18th March, the patient was treated in a private room. The SOPs were prepared by making a COVID care group so that the patient is treated optimally as well as the disease is not spread to the relatives of the patients as well as health care workers. The protocols included round the clock monitoring of the patient in an isolation room, symptomatic medicinal care, provision of proper diet, proper disposal of biomedical waste (BMW), sanitations of the area at frequent intervals, provision of proper patient protective equipment (PPE) to health care workers, education of the health care workers regularly, liaising with the administration regarding reporting of the cases, contact tracing and quarantine of the family. The other tasks included setting up and sprucing up the isolated ICU, starting of the testing lab, setting up of special operation theatres, optimal management of air circulation/ air conditioning, running of the screening OPD, restricting the entry points of the hospital so that patients with covid like symptoms can be traced,

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procurement of PPEs, sanitizers, drugs etc, provision of diet and refreshments to the HCWs working tirelessly. Due to curfew/ lockdown many health care workers were not able to commute from their homes to hospital. So, provision of transport with special curfew passes as well as provision of in-house accommodation for HCWs by converting one private room wing of the hospital into temporary accommodation area was done. Also, three floors of one hospital block were ear marked for covid patients to avoid mixing of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. Every day the meeting of COVID-19 care group was held from 10 am to 12 noon to review the SOPs on the basis of experience of team members as well as on the basis of ever-changing guidelines from the literature and the government. In addition to the COVID-19 care, the routine emergency care was also provided to emergency patients who could be potential source of spread of virus. Hence all precautions of Covid prevention were incorporated into the routine non covid care of patients as well. As the number of cases increased and more sick patients started coming in, a special 100 bedded covid hospital (for critically ill patients) was established in south campus sector 48 where in the provision of ICU beds and oxygen was made in a record time due to the active efforts of all team members of the hospital as well as the engineering department. With further increase in the spike of the disease, another 155 beds were created in GMCH for critically ill patients (total 255 including south campus). During all this time, there was a great whole hearted support from Chandigarh Administration as well as Government of India for providing all kinds of logistic, material and financial support like provision of 55 ventilators, PPE kits etc. The situation of covid care of the tricity was monitored on daily basis by Chandigarh Administration through video conferencing. Till now, in GMCH we tested a total number of RTPCR 21885, out of which 3481 were positive and --- total number of RAT 8488 and 537 positives. Total patients screened in screening OPD were 11690. Total number of admissions in GMCH main campus were 3969, out of which 1892 were positive. No. of COVID positive patients admitted in GMCH South Campus were 330, in Sood Dharmshala (CCC) were 1650 and in Dhanwantry Hospital were 820.

CHASCON 2020

Production of various microbial metabolites and use of enzymes and whole cells for the process development

Professor UC Banerjee Professor & Head, Pharmaceutical Technology In-charge Biotechnology, NIPER, SAS Nagar Email: [email protected]

Production of various microbial metabolites and use of enzymes and whole cells for the process development Uttam Chand Banerjee

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Sector – 67, SAS Nagar – 160062, Punjab, India.

The fermentative product, rifamycin B is biologically inactive and needs chemical/biochemical transformation. One of the soil isolates, Curvularia lunata, was found to have rifamycin oxidase activity. The growth and production of enzyme was fully optimized in shake flask as well as in Fermenter with the determination of various kinetic parameters of biotransformation. We had optimized the growth and streptokinase production by Streptococcus equisimilis in 150 L bioreactor having 100 L working volume in controlled pH and temperature. A highly activity phytase has been isolated, bioprocess was optimized and technology was transferred to industry. One of the soil isolates, Pseudomonas putida was found to produce ADI with higher specific activity. Process parameters were completely optimized for the growth and production of ADI by P. putida. The cell disruption processes by various methods were optimized and ultimately ADI was purified. Growth and production of mycophenolic acid by Penicillium brevicompactum, growth and production of Shikimic acid by Bacillus megaterium, Tachrolimus by Pseudomonas sp. and interferon beta by

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recombinant E. coli were optimized in 10 L laboratory scale reactor. It is known that chirality plays an important role in the efficacy of many drugs and agrochemicals. Among different enzymes used for biocatalytic reactions, lipases, nitrilase, nitrile hydratase, epoxide hydrolase and oxidoreductases have found to have tremendous applications. Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipase mediated kinetic resolution of (RS)-1-chloro-3-(3,4-difluoro phenoxy)-2- propanol to enantiomerically pure (S)-alcohol for the synthesis of a drug, lubeluzole was achieved in our laboratory. Nitrilases from Alcaligens faecalis was used for the biotransformation of racemic mandelonitrile. Further the A. faecalis nitrilase has been cloned into a vector pJOE2775 and transformed into E. coli JM109 cells. Nitrilases produced in the recombinant E. coli JM109 has been purified and formed into cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). Enantiopure α-hydroxy acids especially (R)-(-)-mandelic acid is a key intermediate for the synthesis of several pharmaceuticals. A number of carbonyl reductase producing microorganisms were isolated and screened from the soil using acclimatization technique. The (S)-selective microorganisms were tried for the bioreduction of complex heteroaryl ketone. Candida viswanathii MTCC 5158 has been found to be capable of carrying out enantioselective reduction of a number of prochiral aryl ketones like acetophenone, acetonaphthone, acetyl pyridine, acetyl thiophene and N, N-dimethyl-3-keto- 3- (2-thienyl)-1-propanamine (DKTP). Among all the strains, Metschnikowia koreensis (MTCC 5520), Candida viswanathii MTCC 5158, Geotrichum candidum, Candida parapsilopsis, and Candida melibiosa were selected on the basis of their ability to carry out the (S)-selective reduction of ketones.

CHASCON 2020

Engineering Nanoelectronic Devices beyond the speed of conventional Rectifiers

Dr. Arun Kumar Singh Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University, Chandigarh (India) Email: [email protected]

Abstract Most efforts on graphene electronic devices have been made on graphene transistors. This is a very challenging task and often requires generating a suitable bandgap in order to achieve a reasonable on/off ratio while preserving the carrier mobility. In contrast to transistors, the functionality of some types of diodes does not necessarily require a large bandgap. In particular, a nano-rectifier known as the ballistic rectifier can greatly benefit from the extremely long carrier mean-free-path in graphene while being not sensitive to the size of bandgap. Ballistic rectifier structures can be fabricated by creating an asymmetric cross-junction in a single-layer graphene. A high mobility of graphene ensures a mean-free-path well beyond that required for the device to operate in the ballistic regime. This enables a very high intrinsic responsivity at room temperature. Taking advantage of the four terminal device architecture in which the output channels are orthogonal to the input channels, it is shown that the device noise is hardly influenced by the input and is mainly limited by thermal noise, and this enables an exceptional noise-equivalent power in the order of pW/Hz1/2 . High-frequency characterization and imaging experiments at hundreds of GHz have also been carried out.

References 1. A. K. Singh, G. Auton, E. Hill, A. Song, Graphene based ballistic rectifiers, Carbon 84, 124, 2015. 2. G. Auton, J. Zhang, R. Kumar, H. Wang, X. Zhang, E. Hill and A. Song, Nature Communications, 7, 11670, 2016 3. A. Garg, N. Jain, S. Kumar, S. R. Kasjoo, and A. K. Singh, Nanoscale Advances, 1(10), 4119, 2019. 4. A. K. Singh, S. R. Kasjoo, and A. M. Song, IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., 13(3),527, 2014. 5. A. Garg, N. Jain, and A. K. Singh, J. Comput. Electron., 17 (2), 562, 201

CHASCON 2020

Glycoimmunology: sugars on the fuss for improved immunotherapies?

Paula Videira Glycoimmunology Group @ UCIBIO Departamento Ciências da Vida Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal

Email: [email protected]

Abstract The more we understand the immune responses, the more we ally it to specific glycan alterations, and this has motivated the development of targeted immunotherapies. Our group has been particularly interested in understanding how glycans expressed at the cell surface can interfere with immunity. One of our interests has been the sialylated antigens, as sialyl Tn (STn) and sialyl Lewis X. These are aberrantly expressed in several cancers and associated with aggressiveness and immune tolerance. We developed novel antibodies which show high specificity against STn and its derivatives, reacting with higher intensity to cancer tissue but not healthy tissues. These antibodies are currently being explored for diagnostic purposes and have potential therapeutic applications. Recently, it was found that SARS-CoV-2 infections also lead to aberrant expression of sialylated glycans. These findings open an opportunity for re-purposing anti-tumour associated glycan based therapies to fight viral infections. In another perspective, we have inquiry patients/families with congenital disorder of glycosylation for alteration in their immune responses. Our recent findings suggest that relevant immune disfunction exist and relate to the disease aggressiveness. In this talk, I will present an overview of the current ongoing project and latest results.

CHASCON 2020

Impact of Laser assistance on the accuracy of micro holes generated on carbon reinforced composite using electrochemical discharge machining

Dr. Sarabjit Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering, Panjab Engineering College, Chandigarh Email: [email protected]

Abstract Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) is a prominent hybrid process for machining of difficult to cut materials. In recent years, various research investigations have been attempted to enhance the process capability of ECDM using further hybridization with ultrasonic, magnetic, rotary assistance etc. In present work, an attempt has been made to enhance the process capability of ECDM process by LASER assistance. The proposed technique explore the effect of LASER assisted electrochemical discharge machining (LA-ECDM) on output quality characteristics such as overcut and taper of hole. The purpose of low power LASER is assist the machining process by localized heating of electrolyte. A comparative study has been performed between LA-ECDM and ECDM process. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite was machined with four input process parameters as tool diameter, tool travel rate, tool rotation and duty cycle. The investigation reveals that overcut and taper of hole decreases approximately by 10–12 % with assistance of LASER. The micro-hole machined by LA-ECDM exhibits superior machining quality in terms of circularity of hole, dimensional accuracy and surface damages. SEM micrographs shows uniform distribution of carbon fibers all along the machined surface. This improvement is attributed to formation of stable and thinner gas film during machining. The behaviour of gas film and spark phenomenon during ECDM and LA-ECDM has been investigated using high shutter speed camera.

CHASCON 2020

Translation of Knowledge into Innovation

Dr. Bakulesh Khamar Executive Director, Cadila Pharma, Ahmedabad Email: [email protected]

Abstract Innovation is the main driver of modern economy. India ranks 48 in world ranking of global innovation index. India is third amongst low middle-income group and is preceded by Vietnam (42) and Ukraine (45). There is disparity in our ranking in Knowledge and creative output. India ranks very high in terms of quality of scientific publications (21st globally) and the quality of its universities (22nd) but ranks low in creative output (64). In creative output Vietnam is ranked at 38 and Ukraine at 44. From this it is obvious that having knowledge alone is not adequate. As a nation we need to gear up in better translation of knowledge to innovation (Creative output). To translate knowledge into innovation, there is a need for creative thinking and hard work. The process of translating knowledge to innovation is not always successful. The failure rate is very high in pharmaceutical innovation. In a talk fundamental of translating knowledge in to Innovation successfully will be discussed. The journey of translating knowledge in to Innovative products will be illustrated by three success stories in which author were involved:

1) K-M media for whole eye ball preservation: This allows preservation of whole eyeball using simple techniques and product. This was based on simple observation made by a technician which led to knowledge creation and ultimately Innovation 2) Risorine for tuberculosis: This is based on a well-documented Ayurveda principal of enhancement of efficacy by TRIKTU. Further research using modern methods led to piperine as a world’s first bio enhancer which when added to Rifampicin led to decreased amount of rifampicin with improved safety profile and sustained bioavailability of Rifampicin. 3) Sepsivac for gram negative sepsis and COVID-19 (Treatment and Prophylaxis): Sepsivac is an immunomodulator of Indian origin. Simple observation during its clinical development led to exploration of its unique properties leading to its approval as an adjunct to gram negative sepsis to reduce mortality. Looking at similarities between gram negative sepsis and COVID-19 , it is being repurposed for COVID-19. Data suggest, Sepsivac is able to

a) provide prophylaxis against COVID-19 b) improve outcome in critically ill patients with covid-19. c) Modulated Platforms for Drug Delivery 36

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Modulated Platforms for Drug Delivery

Professor VR Sinha Professor, UIPS, PU Dean Research, Panjab University

Abstract The delivery of drugs is a crucial factor in formulation development for the affective therapy. Most of the formulations are for the immediate release of the drug. These formulations achieve quick onset of action leading to rapid increase in the blood drug levels but having short duration of action. This necessitates the multiple administrations to the drug resulting poor compliance in case of chronic therapy. To overcome these limitations sustained release formulations were developed. These systems provided multiple benefits viz. lower frequency of drug administration, extended duration of action, lower side effects, improved patient convenience and compliance. First sustained release formulation came in the market in year 1952. Further research was focused not only to achieve extended release but also to control the release rate of the drug from the formulations. Further targeting and site-specific delivery of the drug can reduce both the drug dose as well as associated side effects. The modified release systems is utilized for delivery of drugs through transdermal, buccal/sublingual, oral, parenteral, implantation, ocular, nasal pulmonary, rectal/vaginal routes. Each route has its own advantages and limitations necessitating specific design appropriate for delivery of the drug through the intended route of administration. Several novel delivery systems which are in the market have been developed using several innovative design, concept and modulation techniques for drug release. These modulated systems can maximize therapeutic benefits.

CHASCON 2020

SCIENTIFIC SESSIONS

CHASCON 2020

S. Section Departments/Centres/Institutes Section coordinator No. 1 Basic Medical o Biochemistry • Professor Jagat Bhushan Sciences and Dental o Biophysics (Dental Science) sciences o Biotechnology • Professor AS Naura o Microbiology (Biochemistry) o Microbial Biotechnology • Professor Gurparkash Singh Chahal o Dental Science (HSJIDS) (Dental Science) o Stem Cell & Tissue Engineering o Human Genome o Systems Biology & Bioinformatics o Nuclear Medicine o Public Health 2 Life Sciences o Botany • Professor DaizyBatish o Zoology (Botany) o Anthropology • Professor Harpreet Kaur o Forensic Science (Zoology) 3 Pharmaceutical o UIPS • Professor Alka Bali Sciences • Dr. Neelima Dhingra 4 Chemical Sciences o Chemistry • Professor Gurjaspreet Singh • Professor Rohit Kumar Sharma (Chemistry) 5 Physical Sciences o Physics • ProfessorVipin Bhatnagar o Nanoscience & • Dr. Lokesh Kumar Nanotechnology (Physics) o Medical Physics 6 Mathematic sciences o Mathematics • Professor Dinesh Khurana o Statistics (Mathematics) o Computer Sciences 7 Engineering and o Engineering & Technology • Professor Savita Gupta Management Sciences (UIET) • Dr. Madhu Khatri o Chemical Engineering and (UIET) Technology (UICET) • Professor Sanjeev Sharma o Sophisticated Analytical (UIAMS) Instrumentation Facility o University Institute of Applied Management Sciences o University Business School o University Institute of Hotel & Tourism Management o Fashion Technology and Vocational Development 8 Earth and o Geology • Professor Rajeev Patnaik Environmental o Geography (Geology) Sciences o Environmental Sciences

CHASCON 2020

Program for CHASCON-2020 (ONLINE MODE)

Day Program Title of Talk Time 17th December, Inaugural function 2020 Prof. DD Singh, Program introduction 10-11.00 AM (Thursday) Prof. Prince Sharma, Prof. RK Singla, DUI, PU

Prof. Raj Kumar, Vice Lecture Chancellor, PU

Chief Guest Lecture Prof. Indian Planetary Anil Bhardwaj, Director, missions Physical Research Lab. Ahmedabad

Lecture Prof. Amulya K Panda Challenges in 11.00-11.45AM (Director, NII, New Delhi) Development of Vaccines' Session

(Pandemics Covid-19)

Prof. MRN Murthy Structural biology of 11.45-12.15PM (Astra Zeneca Chair, IBAB, corona viruses Bangalore)

Prof. R Vardarajan Immunogen design for 12.15-1.00PM (Molecular Biophysics Unit, COVID vaccine IISc, Bangalore)

Lunch 1.00-1.15 PM

Prof. Ravi Gupta (Medical Superintendent, Clinical management of Govt Medical College & COVID and the way Hospital -32, Chandigarh) forward for innovation 1.15-2.00PM

Dr. Paula Videira Glycoimmunology Group @ UCIBIO, Departamento Glycoimmunology: Ciências da Vida, Faculdade sugars on the fuss for 2.00-2.45 PM de Ciências e Tecnologia, improved Universidade Nova de immunotherapies?

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Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal

Session (Chemistry and drug discovery) NMR approach to Prof. Yoshiki investigate glycan 2.45-3.30PM Yamaguchi structure and function (Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan)

Prof. AK Chakraborti Sustainability and Drug (Department of Chemistry, Discovery and 3.30-4.15PM Indian Institute of Development: Bridging Technology-Ropar) the Gap

Impact of Carbohydrate Prof. N Jayaraman 4.15-5.00PM (Organic Chemistry, Science in Innovation IISc, Bangalore Niches)

Lecture Professor M. M. Advances in Chemical 5.00PM-5.45PM Sharma, (Emeritus Professor of Technology and Eminence Chemical Enginnering Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai) Panel Discussion Panel members: 5.45 PM-6.45PM Start ups (Coordinator Dr.Rohit Sharma, Project Leader, BioNEST, Panjab University, Dr. Rohit Sharma, Chandigarh Panjab University, Dr.Ashutosh Pastor, Manager Chandigarh) Incubation, FITT, IIT, New Delhi Dr. Malay Dixit, CEO, Piscium Health Sciences,Pvt. Ltd.,Mumbai.

Dr.Anasuya Roy, Founder CEO,Nanosafe Solutions Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

Ms. Pragati Aggarwal, i-TTO,FITT, IIT, New Delhi

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Lecture Prof. Nigel Hughes Ups and Downs in the 6.45 PM-7.30 PM Himalaya - using the (Dept. of Earth and ancient sedimentary Planetary Sciences record to constrain University of California Himalayan uplift and Riverside) erosion"

18th December, Scientific section E-posters, oral 2020 (Friday) presentations of selected Full day activity activities abstracts, subject specific lectures 19th December, Session (Engineering 2020(Saturday) and Nano Science)

Prof. Navakant Bhatt (Centre for NanoScience and Opportunities in 10.00AM-10.45AM Engineering (CeNSE), IISc, Nanotechnology Bangalore)

Prof. UC Banerjee Production of various (Department of microbial metabolites 10.45-11.30AM Pharmaceutical Technology, and use of enzymes and NIPER, SAS Nagar, Panjab) whole cells for the process development

Dr. Arun Singh Engineering Nano 11.30AM-12.00PM (Deptt of Electroincs electronic devices beyond and Instrumentation, the speed of conventional Panjab Engineering rectifiers College, Chandigarh)

Dr. Sarabjit Singh 12.00 PM-12.30PM (Department of Mechanical Impact of Laser Engineering, Panjab assistance on the Engineering College, accuracy of micro holes generated on carbon Chandigarh) reinforced composite using electrochemical discharge machining 12.30-1.00PM Prof. VR Sinha Modulated Platforms for (Dean Research, Panjab Drug Delivery University)

Prof. SK Mehta, Prof. 1.00-1.30 PM MM Gupta, Panjab 42

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University, Chandigarh CRIKC activities Lunch 1.30-2.00PM Panel Discussion NEP2020;Gearing Panelists: 2.00PM-3.00PM Prof. Sarit Das Director Science education for IIT Ropar Self Reliant India Prof. Ashok Srivastav (Coordinator Prof. Dean/ Advisor SVSU Latika Sharma, Panjab Prof. Vanana Patravale University, Chandigarh) ICT Mumbai Prof. Prakash Babu University Of Hyderabad

Valedictory function 3.00-3.15 PM Prof. VR Sinha, Dean Overview Research, Panjab University

Dr. Bakulesh Khamar, Translation of 3.15-4.00 PM Executive Director, Knowledge in to Cadila Pharma, Innovation Ahmedbad

Compilation of 4.00-5.30PM proceedings

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Pharmaceutical sciences section •University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences

COORDINATORS: Prof Alka Bali Dr Neelima Dhingra

CHASCON 2020

REGISTRANTS

Sr. Name Affiliation No. 1. Harinder Kaur UIPS

2. Monica UIPS

3. Sruthi Laakshmi m SRM college of pharmacy, SRM institute of science and technology

4. SubhajitMandal SRM college of pharmacy, SRM institute of science and technology

5. Khushboo University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University

6. Dr. Poonam Arora chitkara college of pharmacy

7. Vivek p Chavda L. M college of pharmacy

8. Shamandeep Kaur National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali

9. Alisha Sachdeva UIPS, panjab university, Chandigarh

10. Abhay Uiet, Panjab University

11. Arpan Sharma Uiet, Panjab University

12. Laxmi Gharti UIPS, PU-CHd

13. Neelima Dhingra UIPS, PU-Chd

14. Dr Ashok KumarYadav University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University

15. Dr Sangeeta PilkhwalSah UIPS, PU-CHd

16. AmitaSarwal UIPS, Panjab University

17. Gurpreet Singh UIPS, Panjab University

18. VanditaKakkar UIPS, Panjab University

19. Parina Kumari University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University

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ABSTRACT PARTICIPATION

Sr. Name Institute Title No. 1. Sakshi UIPS Personalized Medicine: the new era Preparation and Characterization of 2. MansiPrashar UIPS Norfloxacin Cocrystal 17a-aza-D-Homosteroids as 5alpha 3. Harnoor Kaur UIPS reductase inhibitors: synthesis and characterization MAO inhibitors in contemporary treatment 4. Alka Kumari UIPS of depression: current and future perspectives

QbD-enabled development of SLNs for Co- 5. Teenu UIPS delivery of sorafenib and crysin for improved biopharmaceutical performance

Formation of sustained release mups 6. Nikhil Gupta LPU Jalandhar/Sunpharma tablets of S (-) metoprolol succinate using wurster process Shivalik college of 7. Preeti Nanoparticle drug delivery pharmacy, Ropar Insilco docking studies of phytochemicals 8. B. Sivakumar UIPS from adhatoda species against covid-19 target proteins Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S, Sec25, P.U, Towards Building Indian Pharmaceutical 9. Ayush Jain Chandigarh Empire

Department of Antioxidant activity of Novel Polyherbal 10. Shalini k pharmaceutical chemistry, formulation for the Management of SRM college of pharmacy Polycystic Ovarian Disease

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Acute oral toxicity study of methanol 11. Parul Sood and Drug Research, Punjabi extract of Morus alba L. (Moraceae) fruit University, Patiala Department of Transdermal patch formulation with pharmaceutical sciences 12. Mohit Kumar combination of herbal and synthetic and technology, MRSPTU, compound for treatment of type-2 DM Bathinda 48

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13. Kalyani Kumari PGGCG- Sec-11 Chandigarh Effect of Oxytocin on the health of cattle.

Department of Quality by design-based formulation of pharmaceutical sciences 14. Sheetal simvastatin loaded hydrogel sheet for and technology, MRSPTU, wound healing Bathinda Bilayered nail lacquer of Itraconazole for 15. ChakshuWalia DoPST, MRSPTU, Bathinda treatment of onchomycosis

The Effect OfFABA Bean And Mung Bean 16. DeekshaKumari DoPST, MRSPTU, Bathinda Starch On Tablet Properties: A Comparative Study Against Corn Starch

Dept of pharmaceutical Simultaneous estimation of Glipizide and 17. Sanjay Kant sciences technology, ethanolic extract of MomordicaCharantia MRSPTU, Bathinda with the help of simple HPLC method

University Institute of Characterization of stress degradation Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18. Vinod Kumar Jaiswal products of azelastine hydrochloride by Panjab University, employing LC-MS technique Chandigarh

University Institute of Nebulized Surface-Active Lipid Particles of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19. Ranjot Kaur Ceftazidime Embedded into Microdroplets Panjab University, for Site-Specific Delivery to Lungs Chandigarh

Development of validated stability 20. Pooja Singh UIPS, PU-Chd indicating methods (HPLC) of Ibrutinib

University Institute of Development, characterization and in vivo Pharmaceutical Sciences, 21. RipandeepKaur evaluation of choline analogue-based drug Panjab University, delivery system of antimalarial drug Chandigarh Formulation of 5-Flurouracil loaded Lovely Professional 22. Deep Shikha Sharma nanostructured lipid carriers for the University, Phagwara management of diabetes retnopat Cocrystal of an antiulcer agent famotidine: a step towards modulation and 23. AkshitaJindal UIPS, Panjab University optimization of its biopharmaceutical properties

Cocrystal of mesalamine for enhancement 24. Prachi UIPS, Panjab University of its biopharmaceutical properties, utilizing supramolecular chemistry approach 49

CHASCON 2020

Traditional plants and their 25. KabyaPratap royal UIAMS Panjab University phytoconstituents for prevents and disease management; Influenza and COVID19.

Improving The Physicochemical &Biopharmaceutical Parameters Of 5- 26. Dr. Harpreet Kaur UIPS, Panjab University Flurouracil Using Crystal Engineering Approach Abhishek Designing, Preparation And Evaluation Of 27. UIPS, Panjab University SinghRathor Cocrystals Of "Imatinib" University Institute Diacerein: A Boon For Critically Ill Covid-19 28. Manju OfPharmaceutical Sciences, Treatment Therapy Panjab University

E-POSTER PARTICIPATION

Sr.No. Name Affiliation Title 1. Radhika Yadav UIPS Injecting innovation into Indian pharma

TLRF agonist as an effective influenza vaccine 2. Sangeeta Sharma UIPS adjuvant

3. Priya Badyal UIPS The Dangers of Self Medication QbD-Steered Development and validation of an RP-HPLC Method for Quantification of 4. Sumant Saini UIPS Ferulic Acid: Rational application of Chemometric tools 5. PratishthaLambodra UIPS INDIA: the world's innovative pharmacy

DPSDR, Panjabi university, Plants And Plant Metabolites Possessing 6. Pooja Sharma Patiala Anticancer Activity 7. Aanchal Devi UIPS National innovation and startups 8. Nisha Raina UIPS Role of HER in healthcare A Gene Bases Crispr/Cas9 Innovative Delivery 9. Garima Khanna UIPS Approach For Cancer And Immunotherapy A Gene Bases Crispr/Cas9 Innovative Delivery 10. Sanjeevni Dhamija UIPS Approach For Cancer And Immunotherapy

CHASCON 2020

Science And Technology Innovations: Shivalik college of 11. Rupam Sharma Ushering In The Era Of Make In India & pharmacy, Ropar Science And Tech In COVID-19

A gene-based CRISPR/Cas9 Innovative 12. Mei nee chiu UIPS Delivery Approach for Cancer and Immunotherapy

University Institute of Characterisation of Stress Degradation 13. Somi Priya Pharmaceutical Sciences, Products of Ibrutinib by Hyphenated Mass Panjab University Spectroscopic Techniques

Current scenario of pharmaceutical UIPS, Panjab University, 14. Jastarn Toor nanotechnology products: challenges and Chandigarh opportunities

UIPS, Panjab University, Current scenario of pharmaceutical Kapil Sharma 15. Chandigarh nanotechnology products: challenges and

opportunities UIPS, Panjab University, Current scenario of pharmaceutical Lalit Saraswat 16. Chandigarh nanotechnology products: challenges and

opportunities UIPS, Panjab University, Current scenario of pharmaceutical SinaTajeri 17. Chandigarh nanotechnology products: challenges and

opportunities

Ayushkwath for enhancing immunity against 18. Ishita Atwal UIPS, Panjab University COVID-19

19. Kalyani Kumari PGGCG- Sec-11 Chandigarh Effect of Oxytocin on the health of cattle. Department of Shivani pharmaceutical sciences Simvastatin loaded foam based topical 20. and technology, MRSPTU, formulation for effective wound healing Bathinda Characterization of stress degradation 21. Vinod Kumar Jaiswal UIPS, PU-Chd products of azelastine hydrochloride by employing LC-MS technique Development of validated stability indicating 22. Pooja Singh UIPS, PU-Chd methods (HPLC) of Ibrutinib Traditional plants and their 23. KabyaPratap royal UIAMS Panjab University phytoconstituents for prevents and disease management; Influenza and COVID19.

CHASCON 2020

Lignin nanoparticles - A novel tool for drug 24. Khushboo Pathania UIPS, PU-Chd delivery University Institute of Analytical Quality-by-Design enabled HPLC 25. Lakshita Dogra Pharmaceutical Sciences, method development and validation of Panjab University Voriconazole University Institute of Nanostructured Lipidic Carriers (NLCs) with Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enhanced and Extended Dissolution Profiles: 26. Akanksha Sharma Panjab University, Exploring Drug Release Kinetics using Chandigarh Mathematical Modeling Development and Validation of Analytical University Institute of Method for Simultaneous Quantification of 27. RozyKumari Pharmaceutical Sciences Artemether and Lumefantrine Using HPTLC Method Curcumin nano formulation for cancer 28. Pallvitempta UIPS, PU-CHd therapy: recent advancement

CHASCON 2020

Personalised medicine: the new era of treatment Sakshi UIPS, Panjab University [email protected] With this abstract I will give an overview of personalized medicine and why it’s so imperative and how we can pave our way towards it. What’s personalized medicine? Personalized medicine is the tailoring of medical treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient (1). Producing the medicine uniquely made for unique you. It is a multi-faceted approach to patient care that not only improves our ability to diagnose and treat disease but offers the potential to detect disease at an earlier stage when it is easier to treat effectively (1). Why do we need personalized medicine? The drugs we give our chemical molecules which interact with receptors and enzymes to cause their action. These receptors and enzyme are made up of protein, which in turn are produced from RNA molecules which are produced from DNA. So the precursor of everything is DNA and this biomolecule expresses itself differently in everyone. We have genes which are translated differently to produce a protein which makes us all unique phenotypically and genetically. This is the variability observed at a molecular level, the level where drugs work. This is the reason we observe so poor response rates of drugs treating Alzheimer (30%), diabetes (57%), migraine (50%), and oncology (25%) (4). Investment and development in making new drugs are burgeoning, billion dollars are spent in producing new drugs, and still, we are getting low efficacy rates. From the pool of information, we need to extract the precise one. Here is when personalized medicine comes to rescue. Equipped with more precise tools, physicians can select a therapy or treatment protocol based on a patient’s molecular profile that may not only minimize harmful side effects and ensure a more successful outcome but can also help contain costs compared with a “trial-and-error “approach to disease treatment. (1) Because the study we do while producing the drug is population-based, and we are targeting on an individual level. From the genetic information of the patient, we can predict the best drug for them. So with the example of diabetes, breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases, I will explain how personalized medicine revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment (3). The best-known example is the CYP 450 enzyme and its application to Coumadin/warfarin therapy. The correct personalized dosing of warfarin could prevent 17,000 strokes in the United States and avoid 43,000 emergency room visits. The Mayo Clinic and Medco2 tested this prediction in 3,600 patients and found hospitalizations were reduced by 30 %.( 4). How personalized medicine work? Personalized medicine work at six strata: “Risk Assessment: In which we study the genome of the individual. With Genetic testing and family history, we can evaluate the risk for the disease. Prevention: Behavior/Lifestyle/ Treatment intervention to prevent disease Detection: Early detection of disease at the molecular level. With the advancement in technology, we can detect diseases at a molecular level. Diagnosis: Accurate disease diagnosis enabling individualized treatment strategy Treatment: Improved outcomes through targeted treatments and reduced side effects Management: Active monitoring of treatment response and disease progression” (1) For the diseases having genetic variability and behavioral influence, we need personalized medicine more than ever. Using electronic records and with biostatics, we can organize and analyze data eas References: 1.http://www.personalizedmedicinecoalition.org/Userfiles/PMC Corporate/file/pmc_age_of_pmc_factsheet.pdf 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2957753/

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3. Case studies in personalized medicines: Coursera 4.https://www.cell.com/trends/molecular-medicine/fulltext/S1471-4914(01)01986- 4?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS1471491401019864%3 Fshowall%3Dtrue

Preparation and characterization of norfloxacin cocrystals

Mansi Prashar1, Vikas2, Renu Chadha1 and Neelima Dhingra1* 1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India

Keywords: Norfloxacin- nicotinamide (NF- NIC); norfloxacin- cinnamic acid (NF- CN); intrinsic dissolution; solubility.

ABSTRACT:

The pharmaceutical industries are observing a developing crisis in the procedure of drug development due to the failure of some successful drug candidates exhibiting poor aqueous solubility. The solid phase modification (i.e. formation of cocrystals) improves the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) such as bioavailability, solubility, intrinsic dissolution, melting point, stability. Cocrystals are crystalline structure composed of at least two components (one is API and other is coformer), where the components may be atoms, molecules or ionic compounds generally in a stoichiometric ratio which are neither solvates nor simple salts. The components interact via non-covalent interaction such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interaction. Norfloxacin is a broadspectrum antibiotic belonging to the second generation of the fluoroquinolone’s. It has low permeability and belongs to the class IV of the biopharmaceutics classification system, BCS because of its poor solubility. Present works report the preparation and structural characterization of its two cocrystals norfloxacin– nicotinamide and norfloxacin– cinnamic acid.

*Corresponding author:

Dr. Neelima Dhingra Assistant Professor

University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Panjab University,

Chandigarh-160014, India Phone number: 9876573312 Email:

CHASCON 2020

17a-Aza-D-Homo Steroids as 5α- Reductase Inhibitors: Synthesis and Characterization Harnoor Kaur1, Priyanka Rana2, Neelima Dhingra1* 1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigar Keywords: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia; 5α- Reductase inhibitors; 17a-Aza-D-Homo Steroids.

Abstract:Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the common and intricate oncologic problem associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). It is an age‐related problem with a prevalence of approximately 10% for men in their thirties, 20% for men in their forties, 50–60% for men in their sixties, and a staggering 80–90% for men 70 years and above. Advancement in this field of research leads to formation of the less invasive techniques and therapeutic treatment to provide relief from the LUTS. 5α- Reductase is the key enzyme responsible for dihydrotestosterone (DHT) biosynthesis and has been considered as an important target for designing inhibitors as potent therapeutic agents. Present work is focused on the synthesis and characterization of 17a-Aza-D-Homo Steroid Esters, using various analytical techniques such as Thin layer chromatography (TLC), Infra-red spectroscopy (IR), Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HNMR).

*Corresponding author: Dr. Neelima Dhingra Assistant Professor University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh Tel:+919876573312 E-mail: [email protected]

MAO Inhibitors in Contemporary Treatment of Depression: Current and Future Perspectives Alka Kumari1, Neelima Dhingra1* 1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University Chandigarh Keywords: Depression, MAO inhibitors, current and future perspectives. ABSTRACT: Depression is a mood disorder characterized by a sense of inadequacy, despondency, decreased activity pessimism, anhedonia, sadness and adversely affect the person’s life. It is a common and recurrent disorder accounting for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to WHO, the total number of people living with depression in the world is 322 million. Globally 11.3% of adults,8.7% of women and 5.3% of men have depression. It has been observed that COVID-19 lockdown and pandemic has increased the depression symptoms by three times.Most of the antidepressants currently available act by enhancing the activity of monoamine neurotransmitters, either by reuptake inhibition, enzyme inhibition or activity at pre- 55

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or postsynaptic receptors. Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are involved in the oxidative deamination of different amines and neurotransmitters. This pointed them as potential targets for several disorders and along the last 70 years a wide variety of MAO inhibitors have been developed as successful drugs for the treatment of complex diseases, being the first drugs approved for depression in the late 1950s. MAOIs can be a powerful therapeutic intervention for patients with depression, panic disorder, who have failed first-line treatments.

*For Correspondence Dr. Neelima D Passi Assistant Professor University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Panjab University Chandigarh- 160014 Tel: +91-9876573312 E.mail: [email protected]

Formulation of sustained release mups tablets of s (-) metoprolol succinate using wurster process G. Nikhil1, G. Aman3, M. Paramjot1, G. Vikram2, W. Sheetu1 Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara Jalandhar, Punjab, India 1. Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University Jalandhar, India 2. Associate Director, Emcure R&D, Bhosari, Pune, India 3. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi ProdyogikiVishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal, India

ABSTRACT The idea behind this research work was to develop pellets of S (-) Metoprolol succinate using platform technology to get sustained drug release through the oral route. Wurster process was used to develop sustained release MUPS tablets of MS by using few cushioning agents and different polymers such as

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Ethylcellulose (5cps and 10 cps), Eudragit, Methocel K100, and MethocelK4M to investigate the effect of polymer coating on drug release pattern. Obtained tablets characterized by flow property, Assay, Dissolution, SEM imaging, friability, etc. Prepared tablets were characterized by different methods and found bulk density and tapped density of blend was 0.83±0.03g/ml and 0.90±0.02g/ml, surface morphology was carried out by SEM analysis and drug encapsulation efficiency was 99.46 % also drug dissolution was

95.77% in up to 20 hrs. It was found that using a fixed combination of Methocel K4M and Methocel K100 will be a good option to get the desired sustained release pattern. MCC PH 102 is used for the sustained release coating. This type of approach will be a better option to formulate a controlled delivery system for highly soluble drugs (class-1 drugs).

Keywords: Wurster Process, Metoprolol Succinate, Oral controlled delivery, Pellets, MUPS table

Nanoparticle drug delievery system in oncology

Preeti

Shivalik college of pharmacy, Ropar

House no: 77/G Nangal Town Ship, Distt. Ropar

Cancer is the life threatening disease. Acc to NCI mortality rate in worldwide is 9.5 million. The main demerit of anticancer drug is that they can occur apoptosis in cancerous cell as well as host cell. Nanotechnology is smart approach which is target specific because of Folate receptor and Asialoglycoprotein are able to make them directly bind by cancerous cell. In 2005 FDA approved a drug ABRAXANE which is solvent free Albumin bound Paclitaxel used for Metastasis breast cancer. Major Advantages of nanotechnology is that it must improved Therapeutic Index and increase the bioavailability by increasing solubility due to increase surface area. They must Active targeted into cells without triggering P Glycoprotein pump. PGA-Taxol, HPMA-DOX (For lung cancer) are the example of Polymeric nanoparticle in the anticancer drug delivery. The SHELTH technique is the part of nanotechnology in which nanoparticles are prevented from attacking by Immune system in EPR effect by covering them with PEG. Chemo-Gd- Neutron capture therapy is the new discovery for breast cancer treatment and for gastric carcinoma or 57

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ovarian cancer treatment Cisplatin is encapsulated with ICG (Indo cyanine green).Various nanocatalyst such as ZnO, CuFe2O4, Fe2O3 are used in synthesis of Anticancer drugs. Overall our study revealed that Nanotechnology has the greatest scope in the research of oncology.

In silico docking studies of phytochemicals from adhatoda species against covid- 19 target proteins

B. Siva kumar and K. Ilango

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur – 603203, Chengalpattu (Dt), Tamil Nadu, India. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR email id: [email protected]

Abstract

A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified as one of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV-2) and emerged as a pandemic disease in 2020.

The World Health Organization [WHO] has declared the current outbreak of a global public health crisis.

There is no drug or no suitablevaccines available against viral proteins till today. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop inhibitor against the viral proteins for the coronavirus is a promising idea to develop structure-based drugs from phytochemicals. Here, the novel drug was identified and well studied against the viral receptors by using the molecular docking technique. Phytocompounds from Adhatoda like Vascinolone, Vasicol, Adhatodine were selected for the present study. The analysis of drug-likeness is predicted through these 5 parameters namely Lipinski rule, Ghose, Egan, Vebers&Muegge rules. As molecular docking is routinely used for understanding drug-receptor interaction, the above-plant derived compounds were subjected to molecular docking studies. Highest binding affinity ranging from -4.34 to - 8.02KJ/mol were obtained with 5R80, 5R81, 5R83, 6LU7, 6XA4, 7AD1 viral protein targets. Our study reveals that Vasicinolone, Vasicol, Ahatodine could act as a promising molecule of choice to treat COVID 19.

KEYWORDS: SARS–Cov-2; COVID-19; vasicinolone, vasicol, adhatodine, coronavirus

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Antioxidant activity of Novel Polyherbal formulation for the Management of Polycystic Ovarian Disease Shalini K*1, Ilango K2

Department of Pharmacognosy*1, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry2, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603 203, Chengalpattu (Dist), Tamilnadu, India. Corresponding author mail id: [email protected] Abstract Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder predominantly affecting between 5% - 10% of reproductive – aged women. PCOS women commonly have classical clinical features of oligo- or anovulation, obesity, and hyperandrogenism. Moreover, PCOS can occur with hyperinsulinemia, gluose intolerance, hperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary atherosclerosis, and endometrial cancer. Antioxidants are a class of molecules that can reduce the destructive effects of free radicals. They are of two types: either enzymatic like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione redutase (GR), or non-enzymatic such as glutathione (GSH), ɑ-tocopherol (vitamin E), ascorbate (vitamin C), and ß-carotene. These antioxidants have been reported to have an important role in the female reproductive system and in the pathogenesis of female infertility. Oxidative stress has been associated with PCOS. Studies have suggested that oxidative stress seems to be involved in PCOS by causing altered steroidogenesis in the ovaries, which subsequently contributes to increasing androgen levels, distributing follicular development, and infertility. Moreover, factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risks have shown to be linked to oxidative stress in PCOS women. The study was designed as in vitro antioxidant potential of polyherbal formulation. Polyherbal formulation was prepared using hydroalcoholic extract powder of the selected plants viz. Asparagus racemosus, Caesalpiniabonducella, Saracaasoka, and Symplococusracemosus. Polyherbal formulation were tested for scavenging activity against DPPH radical, total reducing power assay, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity even when compared to ascorbic acid. The results showed that the combination extract has best antioxidant effect at a dose of 200µg/ml when it was compared with ascorbic acid as the reference standard.

Key words: Steroidogenesis, ɑ-tocopherol, Infertility, Oxidative stress.

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Acute oral toxicity study of methanol extract ofmorusalbal. (moraceae) fruit

Parul Sood1*, Pankaj Bhatia1, Karishma1, Diksha1, Richa Shri1

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, (147002), Punjab, India

*Corresponding Author: ParulSood, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala (147002), Punjab, India. Email id: [email protected]; 7018429747, 8427187366

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Different parts ofMorusalbaL. (Moraceae) are valued in traditional systems of medicine. The fruits are prized for their nutritional value and varied pharmacological activities. To the best of our knowledge no reports on toxicity profile of methanol extract of M. alba fruits are available.

Objective: Thus, the study was designed to examine the toxicity profile of the methanol extract (ME) of M. alba.

Methodology: The acute toxicity study of methanol extract (ME) of M. alba was done as per OECD-423 guidelines. For the proposed study single oral limit dose (2000 mg/kg; bw) of ME of M. alba was administered daily for 14 days to Swiss albino female mice by oral gavage at a rate of 10 ml/kg. At the end of experiment, changes in various behavioral parameters, body weight, feed and water intake, relative organ weight, biochemical and haematological parameters were assessed along with study of histopathological

changes in vital organs such as liver, kidney, heart and brain of mice to observe any evidence of toxicity.

Results: No mortality was noted after 14 days of treatment. In general, no significant changes were observed in behaviour, food/water consumption, biochemical and hematological parameters and relative organ weight. Histopathological examination also did not show any significant pathological changes in isolated vital organs of mice treated with fruit extract as compared to vehicle treated control group.

Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that ME of M. alba is non-toxic and safe up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg.

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Transdermal patch formulation with combination of herbal and synthetic compound for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus

Mohit kumar and Dr. Uttam kumar mandal*

Department of pharmaceutical sciences and technology maharaja ranjitsinghpunjabtechnical university, bathinda (151001) [email protected]

ABSTRACT Diabetes is fast gaining the status of a potential epidemic in India with more than 62 million diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the disease. In 2016, an estimated 1.6 million deaths were directly caused by diabetes. DM is due to either enough insulin is not produced by pancreas or the body cells not able to respond properly to insulin produce. The aim of present study is to formulate herbo- synthetic patch in order to treat type-2 diabetes mellitus. The UV and HPLC methods were developed and validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guideline for analysis of glipizide and Component A and B of Momordica charantia. The herbo-synthetic patches were prepared by using solvent casting method. Six formulations HSP-1, HSP-2, HSP-3, HSP-4, HSP-5, HSP-6 were prepared by changing the ratio of polymers while plasticiser and the penetration enhancer concentration were kept constant. Arlasolve used as penetration enhancer and PEG-400 used as plasticiser. All formulation werecharacterised for patch thickness, weight variation, percentage of moisture loss, percentage of moisture gain, folding endurance, drug content, in-vitro drug release, ex-vivo skin permeation and deposition study. Among all the formulations, HSP-1 formulation was selected as best formulation due to high in-vitro drug release determined by using Franz diffusion cell i.e 98.7% after 24 hours. The selected formulation i.e HSP-1 contained HPMC (9 parts), PVP-K30 (1part), PEG-400 (36% of total polymer weight), Arlasolve (12% of total polymer weight). The thickness, weight uniformity, percentage of moisture loss, percentage of moisture gain, folding endurance, drug content, in- vitro drug release and ex-vivo skin permeation of optimised patch formulation were 0.25±0.022 mm, 203.04±1.7 mg, 2.33%, 1.41%, 175, 99.4% (Glipizide), 97.7% (diethyl fraction of Momordicacharantia), 98.7% (Glipizide) and 96.72% (diethyl fraction of Momordicacharantia), respectively.

Quality by design-based formulation of simvastatin loaded hydrogel sheet for wound healing Sheetal, Maninder Kumar, Uttam Kumar Mandal Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda.

Abstract Burn and burn related injuries and different sorts of wounds represent a genuine wellbeing, social and financial issues to our general public. As indicated by WHO, burn related cause yearly death of in excess of 3,00,000 individuals, 95% of which happen in underdeveloped nations including India. Conventional 61

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treatment of wound include utilization of silver sulphadiazine and other antimicrobial specialists as ointment and cream. The main objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate simvastatin loaded hydrogel sheet for effective wound healing. To achieve the objectives of the proposed research, preformulation study, solubility study, preparation and optimization of hydrogel sheet formulation, characterization of the developed formulation, in vitro release study were done. The hydrogel formation was prepared by freeze thaw method and optimized by applying Quality By Design through central composite design (CCD). During the optimization study through CCD, PVA (X1) and PEG-400 (X2) were selected as independent variables whereas, swelling index (Y1), gel fraction (Y2) and water vapour transmission rate (Y3) were selected as response variables. Thirteen trial formulations were obtained by applying central composite design. The independent variables PVA (X1) and PEG-400 (X2) were taken in the range of 6% to 10% and 1% to 5%, respectively. The optimum formulation was selected based on the selection criteria attributed for the response variables. Out of all 13 trails, Independent variables of values of X1 and X2 with 10 and 4.92, respectively was selected as the optimized formulation because of its highest desirability value (0.990). The optimize formulation had produced swelling index value 300.00%, the gel fraction value 66.83% and the WVPR value 2202.423g/m2 -day. The percentage deviation (%) between the predicted and obtained response variables was found to be in the range of -2.14% to +3.49% which proved the validity of the developed models. The drug content of the optimized formulation was found to be 98% analysed by HPLC and 45.43% drug was release when the formulation was tested for 3 hours. For the stability studies, the sample was stored for a month at room temperature and visually observed. It was found to be stable. From the above results, it can be said that the simvastatin loaded medicated hydrogel sheet could be better alternative than the existing conventional medicines for effective wound healing.

Bilayer Nail lacquer of Itraconazole for the Treatment of Onychomycosis

ChakshuWalia*, Ritika1, Shruti Chopra2, Dishant Dhingra1, Yogesh Garg1, Amit Bhatia1 1Department of pharmaceutical Science and Technology, MRSPTU, Bathinda, Punjab (151001) 2Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh (201313) Email ID: [email protected] ABSTRACT Itraconazole is an antifungal drug which prevent the nails from fungus causing thickened, brittle, crumbled nails (onychomycosis). Available topical formulations have poor ability to penetrate thick nail plate & removed from site of application. Thus, there is need to prepare a topical nail formulation that have enhanced drug penetration and also have ability to stay longer at nail plate. The nail lacquer is prepared by using different polymer (ethyl cellulose and methacrylate) in various percentages. The formulation components were optimized by Quality by Design (QbD) approach using Centered composite design.

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The result of characterization study of optimized formulation i.e., drying time (78.7±2.46sec), nonvolatile content (17.8±1.5%w/w), was found to be acceptable. Microscopic evaluation shows formulation of dense, smooth, uniform film on surface of nail. The enhanced penetration of drug was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy of nail. The result of anti-fungal activities in the final formulation were significantly higher than other test formulation. It can be concluded, from all the investigation that developed lacquer-based formulation can be fruitful in delivering antifungal effectively into the nail. This can be used efficiently for the management of onychomycosis.

The Effect of Faba Bean & Mung Bean Starch on Tablet Properties: A Comparative Study. Deeksha Kumari*, Shiv Kumar, Yogesh Garg, Dishant Dhingra, Amit Bhatia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University Bathinda PUNJAB (151001) Email ID: [email protected] ABSTRACT Starch, a carbohydrate which is easily obtained from various botanical sources, like maize, potato corn, etc. Some tropical plants have good source of starches, which are underutilized in pharmaceutical world for many years. While there are various other sources of starch, they still need to be explored for their applications in pharmaceuticals. In conventional pharmaceutical manufacturing, native starches are used primarily as binders and disintegrants in the preparation of tablets. In present work, physicochemical and disintegrant properties of the isolated starches were evaluated based on the compendial specifications. All starches were found to possess satisfactory values of different parameters such as amylose content (< 28.66), solubility (< 23.66), swelling power (< 24.09), and water absorption capacity (< 102.93). Furthermore, all tablets with different starches showed acceptable average tablet weight, hardness (> 4kg), friability (< 1%), and disintegration time (< 15 min). The tablets passed the dissolution test for immediate release tablets (≥70% release in 45 min). In conclusion, all native starches met the acceptance criteria of the physicochemical and quality control tests for the tablets. Hence, these can be used as economical alternative sources of starch for pharmaceutical use.

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Simultaneous estimation of Glipizide and ethanolic extract of Momordica Charantia with the help of simple HPLC method

Sanjay Kant Dept of pharmaceutical sciences technology, MRSPTU, Bathinda The aim of present study was to develop and validate, a new simple, accurate and precise high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the estimation of Glipizide and Ethanolic Extract of momordicaCharantia. The solvent used was a combination of acetonitrile : water (85:15 v/v). The calibration curved was plotted within the range of 10-60μg/mL for glipzide. The method was found to be linear in that range with coefficient of correlation value (R2) 0.999. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 47.59ng/mL and 80.71ng/mL respectively, in case of Glipizide. For ethanolic extract of momordicaCharantia (Component A & Component B) calibration curved was plotted within range of 10- 60μg/mL with coefficient of correlation value (R2) 0.998 and 0.999 respectively. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 168.74 ng/mL and 511.34ng/mL, respectively for Component A and the LOD and LOQ were found to be 170.68 ng/mL and 571.85ng/mL, respectively for Component B. While all others parameters such as the accuracy, precision, robustness were within the limit according to the ICH guideline.

Characterisation of Stress Degradation Products of Azelastine Hydrochloride by Employing LC-MS Technique Vinod Kumar Jaiswal, Shudhanshu Shekhar, Alka Bali University Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014

Azelastine hydrochloride is a second-generation antihistamine, used in the treatment and management of both seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and nonallergic vasomotor rhinitis (VMR).Azelastine HCl is an H1- receptor inhibitor approved by the FDA on September 15, 2000, for the patients with SAR and VMR. Rhinitis is an IgE antibody-mediated nasal inflammation causing a combination of rhinorrhoea, sneezing, congestion, nasal itch, and/or postnasal drainage. Allergic rhinitis is the most prevalent and most frequently recognized form of rhinitis. Azelastine is a phthalazine derivative having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position. Chemically, drug is 4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-(1-methylazepan-4-yl)phthalazin-1-one with chemical formula C22H24ClN3O. Its relative molecular mass is 381.898 g/mol (monoisotopic mass is 381.160790112 g/mol). Azelastine is a white, almost odourless, crystalline powder with a bitter taste. The melting point of azelastine is 225 °C (hydrochloride salt). The pH of a saturated solution is between 5.0 and 5.4. It is sparingly soluble in water, methanol, and propylene glycol and slightly soluble in octanol and glycerine and soluble in ethanol and in methylene chloride (IP, 2018; BP, 2019; Ph. Eur., 2016). Its experimental log P is 4.9 and predicted log P is 4.04, 3.81 and predicted pKa is 8.88 (Strongest basic). Till we obtained 5

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degradation product from Azelastine HCl by the Using LC-MS compile UPLC-UV/PDA and spectrofluorimetric method.

Cocrystal of an antiulcer agent famotidine: a step towards modulation and optimization of its biopharmaceutical properties Akshita Jindal, Renu Chadha, Maninder Karan

University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh -160014. Email: [email protected]

Abstract— Famotidine is an H2 (histamine-2) blocker, is used in the treatment of gastric as well as intestinal ulcers. Woefully, it suffers from limited bioavailability after oral administration attributed to its very modest aqueous solubility. Thus the objective of the present work was to prepare and characterize cocrystal (FGA) of this antiulcer agent, Famotidine (FAM), utilizing readily soluble polyphenolic nutraceutical compound, Gallic acid (GLA), as coformer in a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. Cocrystal was screened employing liquid assisted grinding method using methanol as solvent. The appearance of sharp distinctive endothermic transition (221°C) in DSC scan, different from Famotidine (165°C) and Gallic acid (260°C) suggests the formation of a new stable crystalline moiety. Crystallinity was further elucidated by PXRD pattern, where cocrystal showing unique peaks, distinguishable from the drug and coformer along with shifting and disappearance of some significant peaks of the drug. Comparison of FT-IR spectrum of cocrystal with that of pure components shows peak shifts in O-H stretch of Famotidine and of Gallic acid upon cocrystallization narrates hydrogen bond interactions in their crystal structures. Apparent solubility and intrinsic dissolution studies revealed a three-fold increase in solubility and seven-fold enhancement in IDR values of the drug after cocrystallization. Further improvement in antiulcerogenic and antioxidant potential facilitate a way towards modulation and optimization of biopharmaceutical properties of problematic antiulcer drugs molecules and suggest a way towards improved medicine. Keywords— Bioavailability, Cocrystal, Famotidine, Nutraceutical

Cocrystal of mesalamine for enhancement of its biopharmaceutical properties, utilizing supramolecular chemistry approach Prachi, Akshita Jindal, Renu Chadha University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh -160014. Email: [email protected] Abstract

Supramolecular chemistry has gained recent eminence in a flurry of research documents demonstrating the formation of new crystalline forms with potentially advantageous characteristics. Mesalamine (5-amino 65

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salicylic acid) belongs to anti-inflammatory class of drugs, is used to treat ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Unfortunately, mesalamine suffer from poor solubility and therefore very low bioavailability. This work is focused on preparation and characterization of cocrystal of mesalamine with nicotinamide (MNIC) a coformer of GRAS status. Cocrystallisation was achieved by solvent drop grinding in stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 using acetonitrile as solvent, and was characterized by various techniques including DSC, PXRD and

FTIR. The co-crystal depicted single endothermic transitions (254°C) which is different from the melting peaks of both drug (288°C) and coformer (128°C) indicating the formation of a new solid phase. Different XRPD patterns and FTIR spectrums for the co-crystals from those of individual components confirms the formation of new phase. Enhancement in apparent solubility study and intrinsic dissolution study showed effectiveness of this cocrystal. Further improvement in pharmacokinetic profile has also been observed with 2 folds increase in bioavailability. To conclude, our results show that application of nicotinamide as a coformer is a viable approach towards the preparation of cocrystals of potential drug molecule having limited solubility.

Keywords: Cocrystal, mesalamine, nicotinamide, solvent drop grinding

Nebulized Surface-Active Lipid Particles of Ceftazidime Embedded into Microdroplets For Site Specific Delivery to Lungs Ranjot Kaur1,3, Om Prakash Katare1, Anupama Sharma2, Kamalinder K. Singh3, Bhupinder Singh1,4* 1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India 2 Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India 3University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom 4UGC Centre for Excellence in Nano-Biomedical Applications, Panjab University, Chandigarh *Corresponding author email: [email protected] Presenting author email: [email protected] Ceftazidime, a third-generation cephalosporin, owing to its limited permeability, achieve modest concentrations in the respiratory tract, upon parenteral administration. This results in switching over to continuous intravenous infusion or providing higher doses of drug to maintain drug levels above MIC of the bacteria, which are often associated with poor patient compliance and systemic adverse events. Developing targeted drug delivery systems, in this context, would be a promising approach in attaining high concentrations of drug at the infection site for longer durations and with minimum side effects. Phospholipid-rich nanoparticles, in this regard, have demonstrated immense potential in encapsulating the hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in the inner aqueous core and hydrophobic shell, respectively. The current investigation, therefore, entails the development of inhalable lipid nanoparticles incorporating ceftazidime and a water soluble mucoadhesive polymer along with phospholipid, using thin film hydration, and following the principles of QbD, step-by-step. Central Composite Design was used to optimise the formulations. The optimized formulation has a particle size range of 210 to 240 nm, and 47.4 to 50.2 %. The 66

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data of FTIR, X-RD reveals the incorporation of ceftazidime into lipid nanoparticles. Furthermore, the nanoparticles safety and uptake were assessed on A549 and Calu-3 models. In a nutshell, the study describes the methodology and potential of a lipid nanoparticles in futuristic inhalation nanomedicine for the management of bacterial lung infections. KEYWORDS: Lungs, Inhalation, Cephalosporin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Next-generation impactor, Surface activity

Development, Characterization and In Vivo Evaluation of Choline Analogue based Drug Delivery of Antimalarial Drug Ripandeep kaur1, varun gorki2, op katare1, neelima dhingra1, ranjot kaur1, monika chauhan1, bhupinder singh1 1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, 160 014

2Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, 160 014

3UGC-Centre of Excellence in Nano Applications (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, 160 014

Abstract

Malaria has remained a serious health hazard affecting all age groups since ancient times. It continues to wreak havoc on millions of lives, with awful peril to kill a victim within 24 hours of its symptomatic onset. Lumefantrine (LFM), a potent antimalarial drug, possesses activity against almost all human malarial parasites, but the in vivo activity of this molecule gets thwarted due to its low and erratic oral bioavailability (i.e., 4-12%). According to several reports, the consumption of fat containing milk improve the bioavailability of LFM. However, during the infectious condition, the patient could not fulfil with an adequate diet, resulting in therapy failure. Bearing in mind the aforesaid issues of treatment, the current studies entail the development of lumefantrine choline conjugate (LCC). The solid-state characterization (FTIR, SEM, X-RD, hot stage microscopy) revealed the transformation of LFM crystalline state to amorphous solid form thereby significantly improved the aqueous solubility of LFM. The cytotoxicity studies on Hela and fibroblast cell lines demonstrated the safety of the LCC with selectivity index of 2065 and 4442 respectively. In vitro antimalarial activity against P.falciparumunravelled the potential of phospholipid based formulation to kill the parasite at, as 2.5 times lower IC50 value of LFM was achieved. Significant enhancement in Cmax and AUC by LCC vis-à-vis conventional LFM suspension was obtained in pharmacokinetic studies. The results of differential leukocyte countand cytokine assay has delineated the immunoregulatory role of LCC along with a profound antimalarial activity with nearly 98% chemosuppression and over 35 days of survival. Keywords: Plasmodium, malaria, parasite, bioavailability, crystalline, amorphous, choline

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Formulation of 5-fluorouracil loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for the management of diabetic retinopathy Deep Shikha Sharma, Sheetu Wadhwa, Sachin Kumar Singh

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab (India) – 144411

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major complications in patients having prolonged history of diabetes mellitus (DM) which damages the retinal blood vessels leads to loss of vision. Objective: The existing treatments are invasive, costly and delivering less drug at the retinal site due to complex anatomy and physiology of eye and its barriers. To overcome such challenges associated with existing therapies, various novel drug delivery systems in the form of Nano Lipid Carriers (NLCs) have been explored. The present work is an attempt to reposition 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) which exhibits antifibrotic, anticancer, and anti-angiogenic activities. Hence, topical NLCs of 5-FU were prepared to improve its retinal bioavailability. Method: NLCs of 5-FU were prepared by melt emulsification and ultrasonication method. The formulation was optimized by using Box-Behnken Design with 4 factors and 3 levels. Solid Lipids conc. (GMS, A, mg) and Liquid lipid conc. (Labrafil M2125 CS, B, mg), percent surfactant concentration Tween 80 (C) and percent co-surfactant concentration Transcutol HP (D) were selected as independent variables and they were set at high, medium and low levels on the basis of the results of initial trials. As per the experimental design, a total 29 prototypes have been developed and characterized for particle size (Y1) and entrapment efficiency (EE) (Y2) which are chosen as response parameters.

Result: All the responses obtained from the 29 formulations and fitted to various models in statistical design. The responses, Y1 and Y2 were observed to be in the range of 129.4 ± 2.3 nm to 161± 1.5 nm and the entrapment efficiency 70.2± 2.0% - 86 ±0.2% respectively.

Conclusion: The optimized formulation exhibits nano size range, narrow size distribution, and good EE. The findings are encouraging to further explore these delivery systems for in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Hence, 5-FU loaded NLCs offer a delivery tool for topical treatment of ocular diseases in the posterior segment of eye. This study indicated that formulation of NLCs was successfully achieved. Keywords: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Nano Lipid Carriers (NLCs)

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Development of validated stability indicating method (hplc) of ibrutinib Pooja Singh, Bidisha Mondal, Alka Bali University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014 Ibrutinib is a novel inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) that has demonstrated considerable efficacy in several B-cell malignancies. This compound binds covalently to Cys-481 on BTK, leading to an inhibition on kinase activity and prevention of malignant B-cell proliferation. A simple, sensitive and accurate UPLC stability-indicating assay method for estimation of ibrutinib (IBN) had been developed. The developed RP- UPLC method was validated in accordance with ICH Q2B found to be linear, precise, robust, accurate, and specific for the determination of IBN in bulk. A total of six degradation products were obtained. Each product was adequately resolved from the drug peak in the HPLC- UV/PDA chromatogram. Analytical method validation was carried out as per the ICH method validation guidelines. The method was validated for specificity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ).

Improving the physicochemical and biopharmaceutical parameters of 5- flourouracil using crystal engineering approach Harpreet Kaur, Renu Chadha University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email id: [email protected]

Crystal engineering is concerned with molecular crystals and their systematic design. Over the last few years, there has been a huge increase in the growth and impact of this subject. The lack of good permeability in many existing anti cancer drugs leads to their stunted bioavailability.5- Flourouracil is a potent antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and hemolytic malignancies. Unfortunately, the permeability of 5-FU is very less which severely limits its transdermal permeation through the stratum corneum, thus limiting the bioavailability of the drug. In the present research, 5- Flourouracilwas ground with different coformers and successful results were obtained with a few carboxylic acids. The co-crystal depicted single endothermic transitions which is different from the melting peaks of both drug and coformer indicating the formation of a new solid phase. Further characterization was done by FT-IR Spectroscopy, PXRD and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. In FT-IR, significant shift in the position of peaks of cocrystal from the drug and coformer were suggestive of formation of new phases. Conclusively, the cocrystal of 5- Flourouracilshowed maximum improvement in terms of dissolution, solubility, bioavailability and cytotoxicity.

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Traditional plants and their phytoconstituents for prevents and disease management; Influenza and COVID19. *Kabya Pratap Royal *Panjab University, Chandigarh *Email. [email protected] Abstract: Background: Traditional herbal medicine in ancient times used as life servings and therapeutic uses for treating various diseases. Ayurveda, siddha and unani herbal traditional medicinal plants are broad areas for the purpose of healthcare and pharmaceutical development. Medicinal plants are managing various diseases such as anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, antiviral and antimalarial, antioxidants. Phyto constituents are flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, phenolic extracts Et.all. Introduction: The modern review of Phyto-phytoconstituents discusses the various predictable drugs,herbaldrugs,combinationtherapyandtheuseofactivePhyto-constituents,phytochemical, nutraceuticals for the effective management of variousdiseases. Methods: Prearranged exploration of bibliographic databases for formerly published peer- reviewedresearchpaperswasexploredanddatawassortedintermsofvariousapproachesthatare managing diseases anddisorder.

Results: More than 50 papers including both research and review articles, were included in this review in order to generate a comprehensive and easily understandable article, discussed about medicinal plants, Phyto-constituents and chemical along with their recent status of treatment and managementofvariousdiseases,mechanismofactionandPhyto-constituents.Thisreviewarticle focused on Phyto-pharmaceutical plants and their active Phyto-constituents for cure and manage the variousdiseases.

Conclusion: Medicinal and herb plants which are used to treat and manage the various diseases.The combination of various Phyto-constituents with their active constituents’ purpose of life saving and enhancement of target drug treatment on various viral diseases. Keywords: Phyto-constituents, influenza, COVID19, traditional plants

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Designing, preparation and evaluation of cocrystalsofImatinib Abhishek Singh Rathor¹, Vikrant², Harpreet Kaur, Renu Chadha University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT:Pooraqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability of an active pharmaceutical ingredient are the major limitation during the development of new drug products. Cocrystallization of drug substances provides a great opportunity for the enhancement of the physicochemical properties such as melting point, stability, solubility, bioavailability and permeability, while preserving the pharmacological and therapeutic properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Imatinib is an orally administered drug popular in the first-line treatment for Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Due to its low aqueous solubility (i.e. 200mg/ml), it has been proposed to synthesis its cocrystals with various GRAS status co-formers. Present work reports the designing, preparation and evaluation of cocrystal of Imatinib (IM) and Valine (IM-VAL). Further characterization has been done using DSC, FTIR, PXRD and solid-state NMR spectroscopy which has proven the enhanced solubility and bioavailability.

Diacerein: a boon for critically ill covid-19 treatment therapy Manju UIPS, Panjab University,Chandigarh Abstract DCN belongs to the category ofanthraquinone derivatives originate in Cassia gender plant, which has anti- inflammatory, pain-relieving and antipyretic activity. It was obtained by diacetylation of an anthraquinone derivative rhein and approved by FDA in 2008 for the treatment of osteoarthritis because it exerted inhibitory effect on proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-1β. The current COVID-19 pandemic is a major challenge for public health and clinical medicine. For clinical management in the current scenario, we should focus on activity of Diacerein in patients affected by COVID-19. Various proinflammatory mediators involve in pathophysiology can induce or further provoke SARS-CoV -2 infection, and thereby suggests that blocking cytokine pathways could attenuate the disease Course. In addition ,the results from several studies conducted using various experimental approaches suggest that rhein also exerts an inhibitory effect on IL-6 , IL-8 ,IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-α .As an anthraquinone derivative, diacerein may exhibit similar anti-cogulant and antiplatelet effects which could reverse the hypoxia condition.From a recent retrospective, multicentre study of 150 confirmed COVID-19 cases in Wuhan, China, suggesting that mortality might be due to virally driven hyperinflammation.Therefore, in hyperinflammation, anti-inflammatory agent is likely to be beneficial. After re-analysis of mechanism of Diacerein drug, it may be promising drug in the later stage of SARS-CoV-2 patients with hyperinflammation, without increased adverse events. Keywords: Diacerein, COVID-19, Proinflammatory cytokines, Anti-inflammatory agent.

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Physical Sciences Section • Physics • Nanoscience and nanotechnology • Medical physics

COORDINATORS: Professor Vipin Bhatnagar (Physics) Dr. Lokesh Kumar (Physics)

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CHASCON – 2020 Physical Sciences Schedule for December 18, 2020

09:00 to 09:45 - Invited Talk (Dr. Davinder Siwal, BFIMS, Faridkot) 09:45 – 12:00 - Oral Presentations - Session I 12:00 – 13:00 - Invited Talk II (Dr. B. K. Nayak, BARC, Mumbai) 13:30 - 1430 - Oral Presentation -Session II 14:30 – 16:00 - ePosters (in Parallel as per sub-domains/fields under Physical Sciences) 16:00 – 17:00 - Invited Talk III (Dr. Arun, PGIMER, Chandigarh)

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REGISTRANTS

Sr.No. Name Affiliation 1. Prakhar Gusain Post graduate govt college-11 2. Saazee Physics department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 3. Aniket Chander Chaudhary Physics Department, Panjabuniversity, Chandigarh 4. Vinpreet Kaur Physics Department, Panjabuniversity, Chandigarh 5. Armaandeep Kaur Physics Department, Panjabuniversity, Chandigarh 6. Varenyam Thakur Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 7. Khushi Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 8. Ruchika Kapoor Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 9. Janavi Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 10. Gurpreet Kaur Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 11. Rinku Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 12. Harmanjeet Singh Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 13. Ayush Sharma Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 14. Twinkle Choudhary Physics department, Panjab university 15. Arashdeep Bhardwaj Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 16. Khushi Singla Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 17. Khushpreetkaur Panjab university, Chandigarh 18. Ishan deol Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 19. Tamanna Thakur Physics department, Panjab University 20. Harmanjeet Singh Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 21. SamridhiPunj Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 22. Chirag Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 23. Abhinav Physics Department, Panjab university, Chandigarh 24. Dr Vipin Bhatnagar Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 25. Prof. Sandeep Sahijpal Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 26. Navneet Kumar Department of Physics, Panjab university 27. Navdeep Redhu Physics department, Panjab university 28. Rupinder Kaur Department of Physics, Panjab university 29. Khushi Arora Physics Department, PanjabUniversity, Chandigarh 30. Vinay Goyal Panjab University, Chd 31. Khushpreet Kaur Physics department, PU-chd 32. Dr Lokesh Kumar Physics department, PU-chd 74

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33. Manjeet Chahal Department of Physics, Panjab university, Chandigarh 34. Bittu Department of Physics, Panjab university, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT PARTICIPATION zSr.No. Name Affiliation TITLE Effect of target thickness on the shape of SGTB Khalsa college, sri 1. Amrit Singh bremsthraling energy spectrum in photon energy Anandpur sahib region of 1-100Kev Govt. college for women, 2. Dr. QudsiaGani Neutrino interaction processes M.A. road, sri nagar Department of Physics, Temperature Dependence of the growth mechanism 3. Shilpy Bhullar Panjab university Chandigarh of titanium dioxide Determination of aQGC limits on dm-8 operators Department of physics, 4. Sandeep Kaur using new unitarity observing EFT formalism in same Panjab university, Chandigarh sign WW scattering process Geetanjali Department of physics, 5. Study of WZ scattering process using EFT at the LHC Chaudhary Panjab university Elemental analysis of ayurvedic medicines using Department of physics, 6. Ashutosh Kapil energy and wavelength dispersive X-ray Panjab university fluorescence technique Physics department, Panjab 7. Ashish Kumar Maximally spin aligned states in 96Ru university Department of physics, Susy Searches with vbf topology in single lepton final 8. Harjot Kaur Panjab university states in the CMS experiment Department of physics, 9. Meena Study of Z+ heavy flavor jets in proton Collison Panjab university, Chandigarh Department of physics, 10. Vishal Goyal Initial temperature of accreting moonlets panjab university Department of physics, Application of artificial intelligence in physics 11. Jyoti Tripathi panjab university analysis Department of physics, Designing the lattices of met surfaces for 12. Deepak Kumar Panjab university interdisciplinary photonic applications Department of physics, Search for excited quarks at the large hadron 13. Jyoti babbar Panjab university collider Department of physics, Recent higgs boson measurements in the WW final 14. Amandeep Kaur Panjab university state using CMS data Symmetrical over conservation laws, Study of Amandeep thermal expansion coefficient of alaloy 693 using 15. DAV College, sec 10, Chd Sagwal dilatometer and high temperature X-ray Diffraction techniques. 16. Anuj gupta Dept. of Physics, PU-CHd Interstellar dust mass gradient across the milky way

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Chalcogenides, the new era material for optical 17. Kritika Dept of Physics, PU-Chd fibres Central scientific Instruments Study of spinal ferrite (MnFe2O4) for the energy 18. Mahak Gupta Organization storage application Department of Physics, 19. Ritipuri What lies beyond LHC? Panjab University, Chandigarh

Utility of modified indigenous technique for the Shelly Sharma PGIMER, Chd 20. preparation of monolayered cellular smears. Dr. Manish dev 21. Dept of physics, PU, chd Smart materials for solar cells: a review Sharma Salt assisted exfoliation of MoS2 to nanosheets for 22. RajwinderSingh Dept of physics, PU,Chd photo catalytic applications Highly efficient catalyst prepared by immobilization Dev samaj college for women, 23. ShailjaArora of polyol coated platinum nanoparticles in layered sec 45B chd double hydroxides The study of momentum and energy resolution of 24. Simran Dept of Physics, PU, chd electron ion collider Voxel based dose mapping of multiphase 25. GaganpreetSingh Panjab university, Chd radiotherapy treatment plan Department of Physics, PbTe and PbSe based Thermoelectric materials: A 26. Isha Panjab University, Chandigarh review Implication of Cp-odd Invariants in Hybrid Texture of 27. Dr Madan Singh MNS Govt College, Bhiwani Neutrino mass matrix Maharishi MarkendeswarInstitute of Modeling and simulation of Co-60 bhabhatron-II 28. Robin Baweja Medical Sciences and machine using egsnrcmonte carlo code. Research, Mullana Extragalactic neutrino source detection from deep 29. Ruchika Dept of physics, PU-chd inside the ice Department of physics, centre Versatile applications of chalcogenide glasses in the 30. Sakshi Saini of advance study, panjab field of medical science and technology university, chandigarh Insight into meson production in small systems with 31. Sandeep Dudi Dept of physics, PU-chd Alice at the LHC SGRD University of Health Methodology to transform 6d target shifts into 4d 32. Supreet Kaur Sciences, Amritsar shifts in image-guided radiotherapy Goswami Ganesh Dutta SD Temperature dependence on the growth 33. Shikha gupta college chd mechanism of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles. Department of physics, 34. Swati Hadron therapy in cancer treatment Panjab university, Chandigarh Department of physics, Probing t4 quark mass matrices in the era of 35. AakritiBagai Panjab university, Chandigarh precision ckm measurements

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E-POSTER PARTICIPATION Sr.No. Name Affiliation Title Harshita Physics Department, 1. Cyclotron Batra PanjabUniversity, Chandigarh Prachi Department of physics, Panjab Neutrino Detectors in Experimental Physics 2. Sharma university Karishma Guru nanak college, sri muktsar 3.. Gold nanoparticles in cancer therapy Sharma sahib Tanvi Department of physics, Panjab 4. Triple GEM detector sheokand university, Chandigarh Bhumika Department of physics, Panjab 5. Neutrino Detectors in Experimental Physics Mehta university, Chandigarh

Nirmal Department of physics, Panjab Investigation of MOF as electrode material 6. manyani university for supercapacitor application

Dr. Kriti Goswami ganesh Dutta S.D. Investigation of MOF as electrode material 7. Sharma college, sector-32, Chandigarh for supercapacitor application Arya KanyaMahavidyalaya, Dr. Poonam Investigation of MOF as electrode material 8. Shahabad (M), Kurukshetra, siwatch for supercapacitor application Haryana 9. Liza Gurunanak college Study of high energy physics Amandeep Gurunanak college, shrimuktsar 10. Nanotechnology in cancer therapy Kaur sahib Symmetrical over conservation laws, Study of Amandeep thermal expansion coefficient of alaloy 693 11. DAV College, sec 10, Chd Sagwal using dilatometer and high temperature X- ray Diffraction techniques. 12. AnureetKaur Dept of physics, Pu-Chd Jets construction in CMS

13. Meenal Gaba Dept of physics, PU-Chd Electron Ion Collider Physics Dept, DAV College, Sec 10, 14. Pallavi Nanoscience and nanotechnology Chd Prachi Department of Physics, Panjab 15. Neutrino Detectors in Experimental Physics Sharma University, Chandigarh Department of Physics, Panjab Structural, electronic and half metallic 16. Preeti University, Chandigarh properties of Co2TiGE Department of Physics, Panjab Study of structural and electronic properties 17. Rohilla University, Chandigarh of ScP on B7 and B3 phase.

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Guru Nanak College, sri Muktsar 18. Sonam Trends in Thin Film Deposition Method. Sahib

3D visualization of cranium using noninvasive 19. Abinavsood Dept of anthropology, PU, chd surface scanning

Aseemvashis 20. Dept of physics, PU, chd Probing quark massmatrics in the flavor basis ht Biosynthesized MgO Nanoparticles for Waste 21. Ayushi Jain GGDSD College, Sector 32 Water Remediation Resolving vub inclusive and exclusive 22. GurjitKaur Dept of physics, PU, chd anomely through 4x4 CKM matrix Reconstruction of fermion mass matrices 23. Mahak Garg Dept of physics, PU, chd with s3xz3 symmetry Guru nanak College, Sri Muktsar 24. Himani Parker solar probe Sahib Centre for medical physics, PU- Prediction of Radiotherapy Treatment Plan 25. Himani Chd Quality using Machine Learning Ishu Strange Hadron production in Au+Au 26. Panjab university, Chd Aggarwal Collisions at 54.5GeV Extrinsic CP Violation in Long Baseline 27. ManojKumar UIET, PU-Chd Neutrino Experiments UsingComutatorFormalismtostudyTexturefou 28. Nikhila Dept of physics, PU-CHd rzeroquarkmassmatrices. Investigating structural and electronic Department of Physics, Panjab 29. Shaffy properties of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles at University, Chandigarh different pH and annealing temperatures reconstruction of ferritin mass matrices with 30. Versha rani Panjab university, Chd S3XZ3 symmetry Systematic measurements of identified ArushiDhamij Department of physics, Panjab 31. hadrons using TOF in Au+Au collisions at 54.4 a university, Chandigarh GeV from STAR Department of physics, Panjab 32. Yashika Analysis of stellar spectra university, Chandigarh

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Effects of target thickness on the shape of the bremsstrahlung energy spectrum in the photon energy region of 1–100 kev Amrit Singh1* and A. S. Dhaliwal2 1*Department of Physics, Shri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, Punjab, India 2Department of Physics, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal (Sangrur) -148106, Punjab, India *Email: [email protected]

Abstract

The effects of target thickness on the shape of the bremsstrahlung energy spectrum in Sn and Pb for 90Sr beta particles are studied in the photon energy region of 1–100 keV. The bremsstrahlung energy spectrum at optimum thickness of target are found to be closer to the Avdonina and Pratt (1999) theory for total bremsstrahlung with the variation of +3%, −2%, +2%, −13%, −39% and 69% at 1, 4, 10, 30, 60 and 100 keV, respectively. The polarization bremsstrahlung is limited up to a particular target thickness at low- energy region, suppressing the bremsstrahlung at high-energy region. Furthermore, it has been found that the total photon yield of BS decreases linearly with the increase of target thickness. Keywords: Thick-target bremsstrahlung, Spectral shape, Total photon yield, Si(Li) detector

Neutrino interaction processes QudsiaGani* Department of Physics, Govt. College for Women M. A. Road Srinagar (J & K), 190003, India Abstract: Neutrinos are the least massive subatomic elementary particles in the set of building blocks of nature viz; the quarks and the leptons. Neutrinos are the only particles which participate in weak interactions only whereas the others may participate in more than one interactions. When encountering nuclear matter, neutrinos penetrate deeply into a nucleon before occasioning a weak interaction after which these either escape unchanged, retaining their flavour or change into their associated charged lepton partners viz; e, µ and Ţ . This feature of weak interaction interests us because it means that neutrinos can be used to probe such environments in which the light or radio waves cannot penetrate say solar core, supernova or stars etc.

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Underlying all of these observations, and any inferences we make from them, is an understanding of how the neutrinos interact with matter for which the knowledge of neutrino interaction processes is quite important. Moreover, an understanding of the basic neutrino interactions is also an essential element of any experimental neutrino program. The known reactions of neutrinos with matter fall completely within the purview of the standard model of particle physics. Historically, the neutrino scattering results on both charged-current (CC) and neutral-current (NC) channels have been collected over many decades using a variety of targets, analysis techniques and detector technologies. Neutrino-nucleus interactions are broadly classified as elastic scattering, quasi-elastic scattering (QE), resonance excited scattering (RES), inelastic scattering and deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Each process can occur through two schemes viz; neutral- current (NC) interaction and charged-current (CC) interaction depending on whether a W+_ or Z0 boson is exchanged. NC interactions are inherently harder to detect than CC interactions because there is no charged lepton that can be seen in the detector. For the case of charged-current processes, one of the lepton has electric charge and thus besides the weak interactions, it would also interact with nucleus via the static coulomb interaction which should be incorporated. A suitable theoretical model should therefore include, at least, three kinds of contributions: (i) quasi-elastic (QE) for low energy transfers, (ii) pion production and two-body processes from the QE region to that around the ∆ (1232) resonance peak, and (iii) double pion production and higher nucleon resonance degrees of freedom induced processes at even higher energies. *[email protected]

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Temperature dependence on the growth mechanism of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Shilpy Bhullar1, Prof. Navdeep Goyal2 and Dr. Shikha Gupta1

Abstract. There is a plethora of factors which affect the synthesis of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs). There is a great deal of benefits if we know how to optimize different factors to tune the properties of NPs. Out of many factors like precursor, pH, mode of synthesis, time, pressure, etc. temperature plays a great role in modulating NPs. Not much is discussed about the influence of temperature on the growth mechanism of these nanoparticles. This presentation highlights two growth mechanisms: Ostwald Ripening and Oriented Attachment where temperature poses a significant contribution in the manufacturing of stable nanoparticles. Possible explanations would be put forth describing the observed behaviour. Moreover, the most recent researches showcasing the impact of temperature on the resulting nanoparticles would also be presented.

Determination of aQGC limits on dim-8 operators using new unitarity observing EFT formalism in same-sign WW scattering process Sandeep Kaur for the CMS collaboration Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Vector boson scattering (VBS) processes provide an excellent source of information about details of the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism, e.g. via studies performed in the framework of the effective field theories (EFT). Though such studies apply the EFT framework, they are not using it in a fully consistent way. We study the same-sign WW scattering process in the leptonic decay mode. The

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analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeVat the LHC collected with the CMS detector during 2016-18 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb −1. Limitations of the EFT approach to constrain new physics effects in the VBS data are discussed with particular emphasis on perturbative unitarity condition on the EFT amplitudes. Sensitivities of different observables are checked and searches for anomalous couplings are performed in the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT) framework using the “full” clipping method.

Study of WZ scattering process using EFT at the LHC Geetanjali Chaudhary & Manjit Kaur Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), Vector Boson Scattering (VBS) is initiated by thequarks from the colliding protons. In quark-quark scattering each quark radiates off a vector bosonV, where V can be W or Z resulting in a final state with two bosons and two quark jets (VVjj).These VBS processes are widely recognized as being the most sensitive to the effects of new physics. In this context a well- established framework of effective field theories (EFTs) allows to systematically parameterize Beyond Standard Model(BSM) effects and elucidate how they modify Standard Model(SM) processes. Dimension-8 operators of the EFT modifies the SM vector boson (VVVV) couplings which lead to anomalous Quartic Gauge Couplings(aQGCs).However, the EFT formalism is often not used in a fully consistent way. For the first time, atthe LHC, we have tried to implement the EFT in a proposed correct method in the data collected by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. In this presentation, the implications and correct usage of the EFT framework in the study of VBS, pp → WZjjchannel will be discussed. Inthischannel, final stateswithtwojetsandthreeleptons (pp→WZ+2jets→ j jlνl’l’+2jets where l’, l = e, μ) are observed. The data used corresponds to p-p interactions at centerofmass energy √s = 13 TeV, obtained during the Run II of the LHC, starting from the year 2016 to 2018 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb−1. Results for the searches of the aQGC with the correct usage of EFT framework in the electroweak WZ data will be presented.

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Elemental analysis of ayurvedic medicines using wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence techniques

Ashutosh Kapila, Kailasha, Sanjeev Kumarb and D. Mehtaa aDepartment of Physics, Centre of Advanced Study in Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India bDepartment of Physics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta S.D. College, Sector-32C, Chandigarh-160030, India

The Ayurvedic medicinesprescribed by various Indian Ayurvedic practioners are generally used for the treatment of variuos diseases since ancient period. The elemental analysis of these medicines is very important to study their therapeutic efficacy and the toxicological perceptions. The present work reports elemental analysis of 10 Ayurvedic medicines using advance polychromatic wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) techniques. The WDXRF Spectrometer (Bruker S8-Tiger, Germany) is equipped with Rh anode x-ray tube with a typical input power of 60 kV and 40 mA operated under vacuum conditions.

The characteristic K and L x-rays emitted from the sample are dispersed using suitable analyzing crystals out of six available crystals, viz., Bruker’s XC-55, XS-C, XS-N, PET and LiF(200), and the diffracted x-rays are detected using the flow gas proportional counter and the NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. The concentration values of various elements quoted by manufactures good agreement with the experimental values using the WDXRF technique. However, our results also reported large value for some toxic element which is higher than the limits set by various regulatory agencies. These observations raise doubts regarding their curing abilities.

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1 1* 1 1 2 3 3 Ashish Kumar , S. Sihotra , Vikas Yadav , N. Singh , R. Palit , S. Muralithar , R. Kumar , R. P.

Singh3, R. K. Bhowmik3, and D. Mehta1

1Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160 014, India.

2Department of Atomic and Nuclear Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India .3Inter University Accelerator Centre, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi - 110067, India

* email: [email protected]

Abstract Nuclei in the A  100 mass region exhibit a wide variety of nuclear shapes ranging from spherical to highly deformed. High spin states in deformed odd-odd nuclei in the rare-earth are of utmost important during the recent past because of observation of a number of interesting phenomena. Investigations have revealed diversity in band structures resulting from coupling of g9/2, d5/2, g7/2, and h11/2 valence nucleons and the core- excited configurations. The proton particle-hole excitations across the major shell gap are energetically possible due to strong proton pair correlations and proton neutron interaction between the spin –orbit partner orbitals. For the nuclei approaching Z=50 from below, the proton Fermi surface lies near the oblate-driving high- orbitals of the intruder g9/2 subshell. Strongly prolate-driving low-h11/2 subshell orbitals are accessible at low excitation energies for the nuclei receding the N=50 Shell closure. The delicate interplay of strongly shape-driving g9/2 and h11/2 orbitals can influence the overall shape of the nucleus and result in γ- soft (triaxial) shapes with the modest deformation (ε2) ~0.15. The relevant intriguing triaxiality based phenomena such as magnetic rotation and degenerate twin bands have been reported in this mass region [1]. The present work reports in-beam -ray spectroscopic measurements to study level structures in 96Ru nucleus. Excited states in 96Ru nucleus were populated in the 75As (28Si, 3p4n) fusion-evaporation reaction at Elab=120 MeV. The de-excitations have been investigated through in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques. The 28Si beam was delivered by the 15UD Pelletron accelerator at Inter University Accelerator Center (IUAC), New Delhi. The 75As target of thickness 3 mg/cm2 was prepared onto a 10 mg/cm2 thick Pb backing by vacuum evaporation followed by rolling. The recoiling nuclei in the excited states were stopped within target and the deexciting γ-rays were detected using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) equipped with 18 clover [2]. Several new interband transitions have been added in bands B1, B2, and B3. Multifragmentations at the positive parity and negative parity bands at spins around 20 is observed, which are likely to be maximally spin aligned states. Major changes in the level scheme of 96Ru and its interpretation will be discussed.

References [1] S. Sihotra et al., Phys. Rev.C83, 024313 (2011). [2] S. Muralitharet al., Nucl.Instrum.and Methods A 622, 281 (2010).

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Study of z + heavy-flavor jets in proton-proton collisions S. Bansal, S.B.Beri,M.Meena (for the CMS collaboration) Panjab University, Chandigarh, India E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract:The kinematic properties of Z bosons decaying into two same leptonic flavor and heavy-flavor jets that originate from heavy flavor quarks have been studied using proton-proton collisions at Large Hadron Collider(LHC) with the CMS experiment. Z boson + heavy flavor-jets are originated in p-p collision from gluon-gluon, quark-quark and quark-anti-quark interactions. This study is important to test pQCD theory by comparing experimental cross section with theoretical predictions and to distinguish signals from the background in many SM processes and BSM searches. The kinematic properties have been compared with the prediction from several Monte Carlo event generators using different parton shower simulations.

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Initial temperature of accreting moonlets Vishal Goyal, Sandeep Sahijpal Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Moon is considered as a unique planetary body in the context of its formation in our solar system owing to its several exceptional features. For example, the Moon has a low metallic content (1-1.5%) [Williams et al. 2014] as compared to that of the Earth (~32%) [Sorokhtin et al. 2011] and other terrestrial planets. Further, the Moon is volatile-depleted. Also, the Earth-Moon system possesses a high angular momentum. These observations contraindicate the traditional models, like cogenetic accretion, fission hypothesis, and capture hypothesis, of planetary formation for the Moon’s case. Therefore, the giant impact hypothesis is considered the most plausible hypothesis for lunar formation [see, e.g., Salmon and Canup 2014]. The giant impact hypothesis involves the collision of two proto-planetary bodies: target proto-Earth and the impactor Theia. Various hydrodynamical studies have suggested that the core of the impactor would have merged with proto- Earth during the collision, whereas a part of mantle material from both the colliding bodies got ejected and formed a debris disk around the target. The mighty collision was sufficiently energetic to raise the disk material’s temperature to a few thousand kelvins. This debris disk later cooled on a timescale of a few hundred years and formed moonlets. Simultaneously, these moonlets then accreted on each other to finally form our Moon. The initial temperature of accreting moonlets (Tini) is an important constraint in the context of the giant impact, and the further lunar evolution depends on it. Sahijpal and Goyal (2018) had proposed the lower bound on Tini to > 1600 K based on the lunar evolution modeling. To incorporate physicochemical processes more realistically and formulate novel improvised models, we recently developed a novel numerical code in Python. These models include several advancements, viz. incorporating local Rayleigh numbers, radially varying Stoke’s flow, gravitational energy released, optical heat diffusion, and composition modification from modified H-chondrites to LPUM. In the present study, we attempt to provide a revised lower bound on Tini.

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Application of artificial intelligence in physics analysis Jyoti Tripathi Department of Physics, PU, Chandigarh Large scale scientific experiments generate huge amounts of experimental data and it is quite a challenge to extract meaningful information from the raw data. Also with larger and largervolumes of data to get through, the results are delayed as there can be multiple models fitting the data. One option for speeding up the process is the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to help with model selection. While other methods plateau when fed with more information, the performance of ML methods goes up. This talk will introduce the related terms: Data Science, Machine Learning and ArtificialIntelligence, followed by a brief discussion of three different learning paradigms (supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement) and then showing few examples where ML algorithms have been used in physics experiments for identifying and analysing the events of interest.

Designing the lattices of metasurfaces for interdisciplinary photonic applications Deepak Kumar1*, Ranjan Kumar1,3and Dibakar Roy Chowdhury2 1 Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India 2Mahindra Ecole Centrale, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500043, India 3Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia *Email address of presenting author:[email protected]

Abstract: Exploiting the multifaceted aspects of a structure is always a subject of investigation towards

building real time applications. Recently, metasurfaces have shown their tremendous potential in this direction by demonstration of series of fascinating effects including extraordinary transmission, broadband modulation, and narrow band Fano resonances etc. Here, we present the resonant exciations in metasurfaces at the level of unit cell experimentally as well as numerically. The proposed geometries are optimized in various shapes like ring resonators & cut wires etc. followed by their arrangement to design the lattices as

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per objectives. Our research efforts can be helpful to bring out applications of interdisciplinary nature starting from sensors, modulators, filters to many others based on light matter intercation.

Keywords: Applications, Lattice, Metasurface, Photonics, Resonance References

1) Kumar, D., Ambatipudi, S.P., Banerjee, S., Kumar, R. and Roy Chowdhury, D., 2020. Multifold coupling enabled high quality factor toroidal resonances in metasurfaces. Journal of Applied Physics, 127(19), p.193103. 2) Kumar, D., Jain, R., Banerjee, S., Prabhu, S.S., Kumar, R., Azad, A.K. and Chowdhury, D.R., 2020. Bandwidth Enhancement of Planar Terahertz Metasurfaces via Overlapping of Dipolar Modes. Plasmonics, 15(6), pp.1925-1934. 3) Banerjee, S., Abhishikth, N.L., Karmakar, S., Kumar, D., Rane, S., Goel, S., Azad, A.K. and Chowdhury, D.R., 2020. Modulating Extraordinary Terahertz Transmissions in Multilayer Plasmonic Metasurfaces. Journal of Optics. 4) Banerjee, S., Amith, C.S., Kumar, D., Damarla, G., Chaudhary, A.K., Goel, S., Pal, B.P. and Chowdhury, D.R., 2019. Ultra-thin subwavelength film sensing through the excitation of dark modes in THz metasurfaces. Optics Communications, 453, p.124366. 5) Kumar, D., Kumar, R. and Chowdhury, D.R., 2019, December. Complementary Metamaterials Based Broadband Bandpass Terahertz Filter. In 2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP) (pp. 1-3). IEEE. 6) Yu, R., Alaee, R., Boyd, R.W. and de Abajo, F.J.G., 2020. Ultrafast Topological Engineering in Metamaterials. Physical Review Letters, 125(3), p.037403.

Search for excited quarks at the large hadron collider

Jyoti Babbar, Vipin Bhatnagar, Sushil Singh Chauhan Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Searching for the resonances is one of the ways at Large Hadron Collider to look for new physics beyond the standard model in many theoretical models. Such BSM models predict the existence of substructure of quarks, and quantum black holes with their signature manifesting in different final states at proton-proton collisions at the LHC. If the resonance exists, the signal would appear as a bump over the invariant mass distribution of the known SM background processes. If no resonant excess is found, the exclusion limits are set on the mass of such resonance and other model parameters.

Recent higgs boson measurements in the ww final state using cms data

Amandeep Kaur 1, Suman Bala Beri 1

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(On behalf of CMS Collaboration) 1Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014

In 2012, the observation of Higgs Boson was announced by CMS and ATLAS experiments at CERN, Geneva (Switzerland) and later on The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Peter Higgs and François Englert in 2013 for this important discovery. Since the discovery, work has continued to measure the Higgs boson couplings and quantum numbers with greater precision.

There are several production channels of Higgs boson and we are searching for the production of the Higgs boson in association with a vector boson in H→WW decay channel with CMS experiment at LHC. This measurement provides a direct probe of the Higgs boson coupling to vector bosons. The measurement is performed by using events where the Higgs boson decays to a pair of W bosons. The latest CMS results on the Higgs boson decays to a W boson pair are presented. The focus of the presentation will be on the inclusive measurements performed for VH leptonic channel with integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1 and also on ongoing work of ZH channel with full Run 2 data which corresponds to integrated luminosity of 137.1 fb-1, collected by the CMS detector at LHC, as well as the constraints on the Higgs boson couplings to fermions and vector bosons arising from the simultaneous measurement of different production mechanisms.

Symmetries over conservations laws Amandeep sagwal Department Of Physics, D.A.V College, Sector 10, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160010 Email- [email protected] Abstract Symmetry and invariance considerations, and even conservation laws, played undoubtedly an important role in Physics. Conservation laws make it possible to solve physics problems. They emerge from the fundamental symmetries of nature. The aim of this is to provide an overview for providing conservation laws due to symmetry. The connection between the conservation laws and symmetry is summarised in Noether's

theorem. The connections between symmetries and conservation laws provided by Noether’s theorem have been discussed. This approach can be used to understand symmetry and how it approaches to all the

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conservation laws. Noether's theorem and the principle of least action have been discussed. It has been noted that here all symmetries provide the conservation laws using the most common form of Noether's theorem related to the invariance of the Lagrangian and further other laws have been discussed in the various field of physics.

Interstellar dust mass gradient across the milky-way

Anuj Gupta, Sandeep Sahijpal Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Interstellar dust is an essential component of matter in the galaxies. Because the bulk abundance of refractory and moderately volatile elements gets trapped in dust grains, it makes them a significant constituent of the baryonic matter distribution in the interstellar medium (ISM). By working on the sticking probability, it can be shown that dust grains cannot be formedintheISM.DustcanhaveonlyastellaroriginfollowedbytheirinjectionintotheISM where further reprocessing and evolution take place through various growth and destruction processes. Dustgrainsplayanimmenselyimportantroleinvariousphysicochemicalprocesses that occur in a wide range of astrophysical environments.The importance of condensation of dustgrainsincludetheircontributionintheprocessesliketheformationofhydrogenmolecule, stellar formation, the commencement of planetary formation etc. In this work (doi:10.1093/mnras/staa897), we have attempted to redistribute the various condensable elements at any epoch during the evolution of our Milky- Way Galaxy into various grain constituents and understand their abundance evolution based on a novel mass-balance formalism. In order to understand the origin and evolution of the distinct types of interstellar dust grains, we have also attempted a correlated study of the Galactic chemical evolution with the thermodynamics of the condensation of the dust grains in distinct stellar environments. In the first process of redistribution of elements, we evolved the Galaxy in terms of elemental evolution and attempted to assess the relative abundances of the major constituents of interstellar dust. This is perhaps a novel attempt to estimate the bulk dust mass budget in the evolving Galaxy. As we move away from the Galactic center, the normalized Galactic dust mass is predicted to decrease. In the second process of this work, we performed thermodynamical equilibrium condensation calculations to understand their prominent stellar source in the Milky-Way Galaxy. The supernovae SNeIa are predicted as the most prominent sourcesofFe- 90

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dustmass, thesupernovaSNII+Ib/cproducesoxidesandsilicate-dustmass, and the AGB stars contribute to carbonaceous dustmass.

CHALCOGENIDES: THE NEW-ERA MATERIAL FOR OPTICAL FIBERS

Kritikaa, Manish Dev Sharmaa

aDepartment of Physics, Centre of Advance Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Information and data today travel from one corner of the world to the other within a blink of an eye. This has been made possible by the network of cables called the optical fiber cables, which are laid under the ground and below the ocean. These fiber cables consist of thousands of silica fiber strands that are as thin as a human hair. The base materials used in these traditional fiber cores is silica glass, and due to optical properties of glass, these pose problems such as losses at longer wavelengths as IR, pulse dispersion and data loss at long distances which limits the quality of the deliverable beam and also power delivery as too much power can damage these silica fibers due to melting. Chalcogenide glasses, containing one or more group 16 elements (i.e. S, Se, Te) as the major constituent, along with other elements such as Ga, As, Sb etc., have shown scope to reduce these optical losses, resulting in numerous applications like lasers, optical imaging, chemical sensing and in medical surgeries in addition to telecommunication. Chalcogenide glasses have shown broad optical transmission window(~λ>10μm), low phonon energies, high viscoplastic properties such as molding, drawing, pressing etc. these improved qualities enable us to transmit mid-infrared wavelengths and high optical powers. One of the applications relates to the delivery of laser power at 2.9μm which is not possible in the conventional silica-based fibers as it contains small percentage of water molecules inside that absorbs the 2.9μm wavelength which also makes this wavelength valuable for the medical field and surgeries. The Te-As-Se (TAS) chalcogenide glass has indicated to be a suitable candidate for MIR applications esp. for sensors in food monitoring and medical diagnostics. Colon Tissue imaging at transmission wavelength between 5.7μm- 7.3μm by point scanning has been done. Also, the Ge10As22Se68 fibers showed 5dB signal amplification and 3dB idler conversion efficiency using 125mW of pump in the 2μm wavelength range. Carbon dioxide detection in geological labs using sulfide glass fibers has indicated the feasibility of infra-red optical detection of other gases in MIR domain which can help in further developments in gas sensors.

Study of spinal ferrite (mnfe2o4) for the energy storage application MahakGuptaa, b, SachinTyagia, Neelam Kumaria, b* aCSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO), Sector 30C, Chandigarh, 160030, India

bAcademy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh, 160030, India

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*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract:Energy storage is an essential element of the complete landscape of energy processes. With a fast- growing market for portable electronic devices and the development of hybrid electric vehicles, there has been an ever increasing and urgent demand for environmental friendly high-power energy storage resources

[1]. A ferrite is ferromagnetic materials more like ceramic have large proportion of iron oxide with some amount of other metals. Super-Paramagnetic ferrite nanoparticles with potential applications have drawn a lot of attention in Scientic and technological community [2]. In this work highly porous manganese ferrite was synthesized using simple and environmental friendly one step hydrothermal method. The synthesized material was characterized for the material properties using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X- ray diffraction. The morphology studies were carried out using FeSEM. The electrochemical properties were studied using cyclic voltammetry. Keywords: Ferromagnetic, Super-paramagnetic, Hydrothermal, and Electrochemical.

References:

[1] Chan P.Y. and Majid S.R., Metal oxide-based electrode materials for super capacitor applications, Advanced Materials and their Applications - Micro to Nano scale, 13-29. [2] Engineering three-dimensional hybrid supercapacitors and microsupercapacitors for high-performance integrated energy storage, PNAS 2015; published ahead of print March 23, 2015, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1420398112.

Voxel based dose mapping of multiphase radiotherapy treatment plan

Gaganpreet Singh1,2, Arun S. Oinam2, and Vivek Kumar1 1Centre for Medical Physics, Panjab University Chandigarh 2Department of Radiation Oncology, PGIMER, Chandigarh Email: [email protected] Abstract

Purpose: In radiotherapy, evaluation of multiphase sequential treatment plans is difficult if different dose- fractionation regimens are used. This study presents a methodology for voxel based dose mapping of two phase sequential radiotherapy treatment plans having conventional dose scheme in the first phase and subsequent hypofractionation dose scheme in the second phase.

Methods: A case of carcinoma prostate was selected for the demonstration of the sequential two phase radiotherapy treatment plans. Varian's Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) version 11.0 was used for contouring of various organs and planning target volume of prostate and treatment planning. In the first phase, the dose of 52 Gy in 26 fractions to the PTV was planned using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique. In the second phase, a dose of 19.5 Gy in 3 fractions on alternate days to PTV Boostwas planned on the same CT dataset using VMAT stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) technique. Both the plans (Phase 1 and Phase 2) were exported to an in-house developed MATLAB based program "Voxel based

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radiobiology display (VRb) tool" for processing of DICOM-RT dataset of the patient. CT-Cube, Structure- Cube and Physical Dose-Cube for both the plans were reconstructed using VRb tool. Plan Sum for BED- Cube and EQD2-Cube was reconstructed using one to one mapping of corresponding voxels of first and second phase physical Dose-Cube using a mathematical transformations method. These transformations use a combination of LQ and LQ-L radiobiological models for correction in dose fractionation and radio- sensitivity of different organs and target volumes.

Results: An in-house GUI is developed to present the qualitative and quantitative review of the multiphase treatment plans with different dose regimens. In the prostate case, maximum values obtained for physical Dose-, EQD2- and BED-Cube were 74.4 Gy, 94.8 Gy, and 218.7 Gy respectively.

Conclusion:VRb tool in the present study offers superior plan evaluation procedure over the existing conventional one because of its ability to handle the Plan Sum of two treatment plans for the same or different dose fractionation schemes and secondly, it can be used for graphical BED and EQD2-colorwash displays of Plan Sum of sequential treatment plan evaluation. The present work can be extended for evaluation of the adaptive radiotherapy treatment plans.

What lies beyond LHC? P. Campana, M. Klute, P.S. Wells

Presenting author: RitiPuri Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collides protons at an energy of 13 TeV in order to study the fundamental components of matter and the forces that bind them together. The completion of Run1 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN has seen the discovery of Higgs Boson in 2012. There are still many open fundamental questions in particle physics that can be addressed only by increasing the energy and luminosity of the collider. The High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) is a major upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The HL-LHC aims to crank up the potential for discoveries after 2027. The objective is to increase luminosity by a factor of 10 beyond LHC’s design value. Luminosity is an important indicator of the performance of an accelerator: it is proportional to number of collisions. The higher the luminosity, the more data the experiments can gather to allow them to observe rare processes. It will produce 140 collisions each time the particle bunches meet in the centre of the ATLAS and CMS experiments, as opposed to 30 at present. The LHC is already a highly complex and exquisitely optimized machine so this upgrade must be carefully conceived and will require about ten years to implement. The new configuration, known as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), relies on a number of key innovations that push accelerator technology beyond its present limits. Among these are cutting-edge 11-12 tesla superconducting magnets, compact superconducting cavities for beam rotation with ultra-precise phase control, new technology and physical processes for beam collimation and 100 metre-long high-power superconducting links with negligible energy dissipation. The HL-LHC will probe the boundaries and explore new physics beyond the Standard Model. The main pillars of the program are precision measurements of the SM, including the Higgs boson, searches 93

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for new physics through the study of rare SM process, supersymmetry, searches for new heavy states and measurements of the properties of any newly discovered particle.

Utility of modified indigenous technique for the preparation of monolayered cellular smears

Shelly Sharmaa, Manish Dev Sharmab

aDepartment of Cytology, PGIMER Chandigarh,

bDepartment of Physics, Centre of Advance Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh Abstract

There are various commercially available techniques available these days for the preparation of monolayered cellular smears. These techniques are costly and involve sophisticated instrumentation. Such techniques cannot be easily installed in low resource settings and remote laboratories. To overcome all these difficulties, we have standardized modified Millipore technique. This technique is relatively very simple and producegood results with minimal instrumentation and can be installed in low resource settings. The modified technique can be applied in body fluids, FNAC as well as cervical samples. The modified indigenous technique can be utilized as a liquid-based cytology tool to make monolayered cellular smears. This innovative and novel technique can be utilized in routine laboratory for preparing single layered cellular smears in remote areas and in laboratories where there is limited workload.

Smart materials for Solar Cells: A Review Manish Dev Sharma

Department of Physics, Centre of Advance Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Abstract

There are various commercially available techniques available these days for the preparation of Global environmental and the escalating demand for energy, coupled with steady progress in renewable energy technologies, so this is opening up new opportunities for utilization of renewable energy resources. Solar energy is the most abundant, inexhaustible and clean resource where the power from SUN intercepted by the earth is about 1.76×1011 MW, which is many times larger than the present rate

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of all the energy consumption. Photovoltaic technology is one of the finest ways to harness solar power. Study shows that contribution of Conventional Energy Resources like Oil, Coal etc. has decreased from last four decades as they pollute our environment but at the same time electricity dependence has almost double from last era, as a clean resource of energy, so our focus of research will contribute more, for meeting the demand of energy, as green energy source. The efficiency of the first generation solar cells can reach up to 31% to maximum of 41%. Initially when the PV Solar cell as manufactured on silicon wafer, efficiency was above 40%, but due to large wastage of material, as well cost of silicon wafer, manufacturing cost was high. But the cost of silicon wafers used in solar cell is very high and that is a major issue of power harvesting from photovoltaic compared to existing fossil fuel technologies. Second generation solar cells are single-junction or multi-junction devices. Focus on thin film based designs, developed out of amorphous Silicon, which are deposited on low- cost substrates like glass. Third generation solar cells are the emerging technology devices. As focus of third generation PV cell, aiming towards combining the merits of both 1st and 2nd generation solar cells i.e. high conversion efficiency of first generation solar cell, low cost of second generation solar cell. Basically, the third generation solar cells are categorized as dye sensitized solar cells, organic/polymeric/plastic solar cells,, nano-crystal based solar cells, quantum dot solar, perovskite solar cells. This review justifies the photovoltaic technology, its power generating efficiency, different existing materials used and its environmentalaspect.

Salt-assisted exfoliation of MoS2 to nanosheets for photo-catalytic applications Rajwinder Singh1, Kanishk1, J. S. Shahi1 and Sanjeev Kumar2 1Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 2Department of Physics, G. G. D. S. D. College, Sector 32C, Chandigarh

The 2D MoS2 nanosheets has been fabricated by systematic salt assisted exfoliation of bulk powder. The synthesized nano-structures were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and UV-visible spectroscopy measurements. The interlayer spacing obtained from HRTEM analysis of exploited nanosheets are in good agreement interlayer planes spacing of the XRD analysis. The UV-visible analysis of synthesized nanosheets 95

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showed significant absorption in visible region. The photo-catalytic performances of the nanosheets were evaluated from the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in presence of UV/Sunlight. The experimental results clearly showed impressive photo-catalytic behavior of MoS2 nanosheets relative to the bulk powder.

The enhanced photocatalytic performance is attributed to separation of free charge carrier on the nanosheets surface.

Highly efficient catalyst prepared by immobilization of polyol coated platinum nanoparticles in Layered double hydroxides Shailja Arora*

*Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Chemistry, Dev Samaj College for Women,Sector-45BChandigarh. Abstract From the last few decades, nano-catalysts emerges as an efficient catalyst. Research has focused on increasing the performance, activity and reusability of the catalysts to minimise the environmental impact. Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) as catalyst support not only shows enhance efficiency of the nano-catalysts but also has inert adaptability with the materials with which they are used. The platinum (Pt) nanoparticles immobilized in a Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) host were prepared by simple mixing of a dilute suspension of LDH-nitrate and a Pt-hydrosol stabilized by the polyols. The resulting Pt nanocomposites, with variable metal contents were characterized and studied for their catalytic properties. The characterization of the synthesized catalyst was done by X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy and thermal techniques. The studies showed successful immobilization of Pt nanoparticles in Layered Double Hydroxides, predominantly on the external surface of the LDH layers. The Pt-LDH samples proved to be efficient catalysts for the liquid phase hydrogenation of p- nitrophenol under mild conditions. For the transformation of p-nitrophenol to p-amino phenol, a selectivity of 100% was obtained. The catalytic activity of Pt-LDH dispersion remains unaffected even after 6 cycles, whereas selectivity remained essentially unaffected. Keywords: Platinum nanoparticles; Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) ; Polyethylene glycols; Hydrogenation; p-nitrophenol; Selectivity

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The study of momentum and energy resolution of electron ion collider Simran and Lokesh Kumar Department of Physics, Panjab university, chandigarh

The electron-ion collider is an upcoming particle accelerator collider which is going to be built at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA. Its purpose is to collide spin polarized beams of electrons and ions which will help us in understanding the structure and the properties of atomic nuclei. Fun4All is a simulation software framework which is used to study the behaviour of the EIC detectors. In this framework, we have studied the performance of the momentum trackers and the calorimeters used in the EIC simulation. In the tracking geometry, the GEM trackers and the silicon trackers are used for measuring the momentum of particles generated in a collision. The silicon trackers measure the momentum of the particles which have high pseudorapidity (η >1.1; <-1.1) while the GEM trackers measure the momentum of particles having mid-pseudorapidity (-1.1< η <1.1). We study how well these geometries measure the momentum of the particles by obtaining the plots showing the momentum resolution of a particular particle at different particle momenta (in GeVs). The purpose of calorimeters is to measure the energy of the particles produced in a collision. There are a total six calorimeters which are used in the Fun4All simulation; three of them are barrel calorimeters used for mid-pseudorapidity while rest are forward calorimeters used to high pseudorapidity. We study the energy resolution of these calorimeters to validate the Fun4All software.

PbTeand PbSebased thermoelectric materials: a review

Isha Sihmara, NeeruChaudharya, *, Navdeep Goyala

aDepartment of Physics, Center of Advanced Study in Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh- 160014 (INDIA)

*E-mail id: [email protected]

Abstract: To meet the increasing power demand researchers have been working for different methods of energy conversion. One of the best method for waste heat recovery is the use of thermoelectric materials. Thermoelectric materials can convert heat into electrical energy. The current area of interest is to explore highly efficient thermoelectric materials at room temperature. PbTe based alloys, Bi2Te3based alloys and SiGe based alloys are some of the traditional thermoelectric materials. PbTe is an excellent thermoelectric material around mid temperature range. Due to its simple crystal structure and narrow band gap of 0.33 eV. PbTe is widely used in thermoelectric applications. Selenium is more abundant than Te. PbSe is referred to as sister material of PbTe. Other advantages of PbSe is its high melting point, low cost, narrow band gap (~0.28 eV) , low thermal conductivity (~1.6 W/m K) and higher operating temperature. A systematic study

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of PbTe and PbSe doped with different materials as a function of temperature, carrier density has beed reviewed.

Keywords: Thermoelectric materials, PbTe based alloys, SiGe based alloys, band gap.

Implication of cp-odd invariants in hybrid texture of neutrino mass matrix

Madan Singh* *Department of Physics, M. N. S Government College, Bhiwani, Haryana, 127021, India. *[email protected] Abstract We re-examine the weak basis invariants at low energies proposed by C. Jarlskog and Brancoet al. in their earlier analyses, after confronting them with the assumptions of two zeros andan equality between arbitrary non-zero elements in the Majorana neutrino mass matrix in theflavored basis. This particular conjecture is found to be experimentally feasible, as shown byS. Dev and D. Raj in their recent work. The present analysis attempts to find the necessary andsufficient condition for CP invariance for each experimentally viable ansatz pertaining to themodel, along with some important implications. Keywords: Neutrino oscillation, Neutrino Mass matrices.

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF 60Co BHABHATRON-II MACHINE USING EGSnrc MONTE CARLO CODE

Robin Baweja1, Gaganpreet Singh2,3, Arun S. Oinam2, Vivek Kumar3

1Department of Radiotherapy, MMIMSR, Mullana (Ambala)

2Department of Radiotherapy, PGIMER, Chandigarh

3Centre for Medical Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email: [email protected]

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Introduction: Monte Carlo is most extensively used algorithm in most of the Treatmentplanning systems (TPS). EGSnrc simulation toolkit is Monte Carlo based dose calculation engine and also considered as gold standard for comparison and evaluation of dosimetric parameters. In the present work, EGSnrc (BEAMnrc and DOSXYZnrc) is used for the design of various components of the Bhabhatron-II machine head geometry and transportation of radiation beam through different materials/mediums. Bhabhatron-II is the first indigenous telecobalt machine designed and developed by D.A.E & B.A.R.C to manage the increasing cancer incidence in the country.

Materials and Methods: 60Co Bhabhatron-II is simulated realistically in EGSnrc simulation toolkit for its various components such as source housing, source, fixed and movable collimators using Dell Precision T5500 workstation with 64-bit multi-core (12-core) Intel Xeon processors having 12GB RAM.

Results: 1010 number of particles were simulated and phase space file was scored for standard field sizes i.e. 5X5cm2, 10x10cm2, 15x15cm2, 20x20cm2, 25x25cm2, 30x30cm2, 35x35cm2. Dosimetric parameter (PDD) important for patient dosimetry obtained from the simulation were compared with the vendor’s provided data. The percent variation at 10 cm depth for field sizes 5x5, 10x10, 15x15, 20x20, 25x25, 30x30 and 35x35 cm2 is 2.09, 0.37, 0.94, 0.85, 0.82, 1.2 and 1.5.

Conclusion: PDD data obtained is found to be in good agreement with the vendor’s provided data for field size ≥ 5x5cm2. For smaller field size even better results can be achieved by tuning the modeled parameters.

Extragalactic Neutrino Source Detection from deep inside the ice Ruchika Dept of physics, PU-chd

Extragalactic neutrinos are the ultimate agents of high energy astrophysical processes. These tiny neutral particles travel through millions of light years near to speed of light with hardly any interaction with matter. This unwavering nature of neutrinos helps us to detect them without any loss of information, However at the cost of a difficult detection method. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a huge such detection setup employed over the crystal-clear ice floor of South Pole with its thousands of Digital Optical Modules (detection sensors) drilled and embedded inside the ice over a depth of about 2800m forming an array to detect any Cherenkov radiation produced as the neutrino interacts inside the ice. The observatory can observe energies from 100GeV to about a few PeV i.e., it can look for even the highest energy neutrinos which are a significant insight to the massively energetic extragalactic sources producing these particles. A similar detection was made by the IceCube in September 2017 for the event ‘IceCube- 170922A’ when a muon neutrino carrying an energy of 290 TeV was tracked. Instantly multiple alerts were given off worldwide to many telescopes on ground and in space, scannning from radio frequencies upto VHE gamma rays, to retrace these particles’ source which was later found to be likely emitted from the relativistic jets of a blazar named TXS 0506+056. Blazar is a type of AGN with orientation close to the line of sight of the observer. Protons and nuclei are expected to accelerate up to energies comparable to Ultra High Cosmic Energy Rays (UHCERs) by the same mechanism as electrons. These hadrons can interact with the surrounding matter or low energy photons to generate gamma rays as well as neutrinos observed far from 99

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blazar emissions. The neutrino emissions observed can be linked with the interactions of electrons and protons co-accelerated in the jet while the photonic emissions are due to the external photons from the plasma around the jets of the blazar. A large number of observations were taken which claimed that TXS 0506+056 is active in all electromagnetic bands and most eminently in GeV gamma rays which were detected via Fermi-Large Area Telescope and Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov telescopes. This was a historical find of a source of cosmic neutrinos and cosmic rays.

Versatile applications of chalcogenide glasses in the field of medical science and technology Sakshi Sainia, Manish Dev Sharmaa aDepartment of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India (160014)

Scientists and doctors of the whole world are trying to develop a vaccine against coronavirus and are trying their best to curb this problem from its roots. The first thing in this process is a successful diagnosis. Chalcogenide fibers are the hot topic in the field of sensing and detection of biological, biochemical, and chemical species as it acts as a sensor as well as a transmission medium. The detection is based on fiber evanescent field spectroscopy (FEWS). While sensing and testing, as small as 10 μL of serum when comes in the vicinity of the fiber can detect the malfunctioning of cells. Because of the rheological properties, chalcogenide glasses can be easily shaped into fibers. For the past few decades, chalcogenide glasses are a topic of great interest among scientists and doctors. The chalcogenide glasses exhibit optical transparency from visible to infrared regions which makes them suitable for use in optoelectronic applications, image storage, holography, optical amplifiers and optical emitters, xerography, infrared imaging, and infrared detector. Owing to the intermediate energy band gap values, chalcogenide glasses are often called amorphous semiconductors which renders them versatile applications in the field of electronic switching, memories, and photovoltaic applications, etc. It has been observed that the refractive index and band gap show an inverse relationship which is in accordance with the Moss rule. Among the electrical properties, the study of electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and dielectric constants are the most common. Chalcogenide glasses can exist in crystalline (high conductivity phase) as well as amorphous (low conductivity phase) state and change of state can occur by the application of pressure, heat, and electrical signals. This property is exploited to make phase-change memory devices that consume very little power. The data can be reliably stored in such devices for as long as 10 years and the cyclic endurance is more than 107 cycles. Thermoelectric devices are the main reason why today we can convert waste heat into electricity and chalcogenide glasses are suitable candidates to do so. To obtain highly efficient thermoelectric devices, the figure of merit must be high. Thus, chalcogenide glasses are one of the most promising candidates for future devices owing to their adaptable optical and electrical properties.

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Methodology to transform 6d target shifts into 4d shifts in image-guided radiotherapy

Supreet Kaur1, Gaurav Trivedi2, Arun S. Oinam2, Vivek Kumar1 1Centre For Medical Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 2Department of Radiotherapy, PGIMER, Chandigarh Email: [email protected]

Introduction: -Patient positional setup error during radiotherapy treatment introduces deviation in target position relative to the radiotherapy planning beams at the time of treatment. These positional variations during treatment may cause tumor dose deviation from the planned doses and result in suboptimal treatment dose delivery. To correct the setup variation, CBCT is a useful imaging modality. 4-dimentional(4D) setup variation can easily be incorporated in a normal treatment couch. But for the correction of other rotational shift (roll and

pitch) couch must have 6D motion. Correction of Roll and pitch is a big challenge and not possible with normal couch. This study deals with the methodology to correct the patient rotational setup uncertainties on a normal couch having 4D motion capabilities by modifying gantry, collimator and couch rotation.

Material and Methods: -A set of CT scans of the head phantom (Atom phantom, CIRS) was acquired to correct the rotational setup errors. The target and organs at risk were delineated. Three 3DCRT plans [CT Plan, Plan corrected with 3D shifts and Plan corrected with 6D shifts] were made using Varian Eclipse Treatment Planning system. Treatment verification scan was acquired by taking CBCT of the phantom intentionally positioned at a different position. Trilogy Linear Accelerator, Varian Medical System, Palo Alto (SN5823) was used for the treatment purpose. Translational and rotational shifts were calculated by the use of 3D-3D matching tool of OBI system using manual registration method. To implement full six-degree correction roll, pitch and yaw calculated by the OBI system was used to convert these into new gantry and collimator angles. This value of corrected gantry and collimator angles were used in the TPS to correct the roll, pitch and yaw of the phantom position, so that same target and beam relationship can be restored. DVH of the plans with full six-degree correction and with translational shift correction alone were then compared.

Results: Dosimetric comparison of the 3D-CRT plans depicts that the variation in the doses at the four markers placed in the phantom are maximum (24.5%) if the planning target margin was taken 2 mm and the plan was executed with the translational corrected treatment positions. Whereas this variation of the dose was observed to be 5.1% for the treatment with 6D correction. So, the 6D corrected plan was found suitable for the treatment with 2mm target margin. Position of markers were also compared in both 3D corrected and 6D corrected plans. It is observed that maximum difference between actual position of marker and 4D corrected positions were quite large as compared to 6D corrected positions.

Conclusion: The method described in this study can be applied in those centre where 6D couch facility is not available.

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Temperature dependence on the growth mechanism of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Shilpy Bhullar1, Prof. Navdeep Goyal2 and Dr. Shikha Gupta1

1Department of Physics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta S.D. College, Sector-32C, Chandigarh-160030, India 2Department of Physics, Centre of Advanced Study in Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India Dr. Shikha Gupta - [email protected]( +91 94787 98647) Abstract. There are a plethora of factors which affect the synthesis of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs). There is a great deal of benefits if we know how to optimize different factors to tune the properties of NPs. Out of many factors like precursor, pH,mode of synthesis, time, pressure, etc. temperature plays a great role in modulating NPs. Not much is discussed about the influence of temperature on the growth mechanism of these nanoparticles. This presentation highlights two growth mechanisms: Ostwald Ripening and Oriented Attachment where temperature poses a significant contribution in the manufacturing of stable nanoparticles. Possible explanations would be put forth describing the observed behaviour. Moreover, the most recent researches showcasing the impact of temperature on the resulting nanoparticles would also be presented.

Hadron therapy in cancer treatment Swati

푷풂풏풋풂풃푼풏풊풗풆풓풔풊풕풚, 푪풉풂풏풅풊품풂풓풉

Cancer is the third leading cause of death worldwide, with one person in three developing the disease in his/her lifetime. Some of the cancerous cells can then move to other parts of the body, giving rise to secondary tumors, a process known as metastasis that can overwhelm the body resulting in death. There are 4 ways of treating the cancer (often applied in combination): surgical removal, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiation therapy. This last method can involve the implantation of radioactive material next to a tumor, or the destruction of malignant cells by exposing them to the beams of elementary particles: photons (X ray radiotherapy), electrons or hadrons (neutrons, protons or light nuclei). In this presentation, I’ll throw some light on how Hadron therapy is better than X-ray therapy by considering Bragg Peak. The

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hadron therapy is better because of maximum energy deposition coincide with the tumor, whereas in the case of X-rays, the maximum exposure occurs in the heathy tissues at or near the surface of the skin. Proton therapy facilities use cyclotron to produce the beams, but to accelerate ions, a synchrotron is needed. In an era of rapidly evolving 3D conformal hadron treatment, accurate target delineation is a crucial factor in optimization of clinical results. Using PET-CT for better target delineation improves the ability to escalatetumor dose and to minimize dose to adjacent normal tissues, thereby enhancing the potential for improved efficacy of hadron therapy. Along with this I’ll give an idea on the working principles of imaging, diagnostic, and accelerator machines used in this therapy.

Probing t4 quark mass matrices in the era of precision ckm measurements AakritiBagai, ShivaliKaundal, Gulsheen Ahuja, Manmohan Gupta Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh Understanding fermion masses and flavor mixing is one of the key challenges in present-day High-Energy Physics. In the Standard Model (SM), the fermion masses and flavor mixing are encoded in the couplings of Higgs and fermions where the flavor mixing matrix originates from a mismatch between the diagonalizations of the mass matrices. The flavor mixing is thus related to the fermion mass matrices. Over the last couple of decades, noticeable progress has been made in measuring the fermion mixing parameters, in particular, quarks mixing parameters are now known to have reached a high level of precision. Also, a good deal of refinement in the ranges of quark masses has been made. Keeping in mind these 'precision measurements, ' it becomes important to formulate corresponding quark mass matrices.

In this context, texture 4 zero (T4) mass matrices have been shown to be playing an important role in understanding of quark masses and mixings. In this work, we have probed into all possible combinations of texture 4 zero quark mass matrices in detail. Interestingly, our analysis reveals that a particular set of texture 4 zero quark mass matrices remain compatible with the present set of precision data. We have studied the implications of recent precision measurements on the structural features of Fritzch-like texture 4 zero quark mass matrices and re-explored the parameter space of the elements of up and down mass matrices by taking into account the updated values of quark masses and the latest results of the CKM mixing parameter. The strong hierarchy of flavor mixing angles is generally attributed to the strong hierarchy of quark masses, so, in this work, we have also revisited the issue whether one can consider `weakly' hierarchical mass matrices to reproduce `strongly' hierarchical mixing angles.

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Radiation damage study of plastic scintillator detector in cms hadron calorimeter at cern large hadron collider

Amandeep Kaur

Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Supervisors: Prof. J.B. Singh, Dr. Sunil Bansal Panjab University, Chandigarh

The Compact Muon Solenoid is a general-purpose detector situated at the CERN LHC ring. The CMS detector has four major sub-detectors to detect different particles produced in proton-proton collisions at LHC. One such sub-detector is the Hadron Calorimeter which detects and measures the energy of hadrons produced in the collision. The Hadron Calorimeter is made of Plastic Scintillators and Brass plates. As part of the Hadron Collider, the plastic scintillators are being used since the first running of CMS in 2009. They are, however, subject to a reduction in their light output after irradiation. To study the reduction of the light output of these plastic scintillators, many techniques have been utilized and radiation damage has been studied

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MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES SESSION

• Mathematics • Statistics • Computer Science

COORDINATOR: Professor Dinesh Khurana

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CHASCON – 2020 Mathematical Sciences Schedule for December 18, 2020

Department of Mathematics Time Event 10 - 11 am Expert Talk Speaker: Dr. Amit Kulshrestha, IISER Mohali. Title: Image of power maps in linear groups. Abstract: Images of word maps over groups have been studied extensively during last two decades. More specifically, given a group G and a posi>ve integer m, a general interest has been in understanding the subset Gm of elements which are m-th powers in G. In this talk we shall consider certain linear groups defined over finite fields and es>mate sizes of Gm rela>ve to the order of G. We shall also comment on the asympto>cs of these frac>ons as the order of underlying finite fields grows. This is a collabora>ve work with Anupam Singh and Rijubrata Kundu. 11 - 12 am Online Oral Presentations 12 – 1 pm Online Poster Presentations

Link for 18th December, 2020 for Department of Mathematics https://meet.google.com/cnz-pgfk-khm

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Department of Statistics Time Event 2 - 3 pm Online Poster PresentaAons 3 - 4 pm Online Oral Presentations 4 - 5 pm Expert Talk Speaker: Professor Somesh Kumar , Department of MathemaAcs and staAsAcs, IIT Kharagpur.

Department of Computer Science and Applications 10:00 - 11:30 am Expert Talk Speaker: Prof. A.G. Ramakrishnan Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. 11:30 am onwards Online Oral Presentations 1:00 – 2:00 pm Lunch break 2:00 pm onwards Online Oral/Poster Presentations

Link for 18th December, 2020 for Department of Computer Science and Applications: https://meet.google.com/frf-sjiw-zzw

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REGISTRANTS Sr.No. Name of participant Affiliation

1. Dinesh Khurana Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

2. Dr. Shelly Garg DAV University, Jalandhar.

3. Komal Dept. of Statistics, PU, Chd.

4. Supinder Kaur Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd. Dept. of Statistics, PGGC, Sector 11, 5. Manish Goyal Chd. 6. Jaskaran Kaur Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

7. Sushil Kumar Tomar Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

8. VishaliKalra Dept. of Statistics, PU, Chd

9. Akash Kumar Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd

10. Surinder Pal Singh Kainth Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd

Dept. of Mathematics, JC Bose University 11. Dr. Suraj Goyal of Science and Technology, Faridabad

Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector 26, 12. Dr. Gurleen Kaur Chd 13. Dr. Dilbag Singh Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd

14. Ajay Kumar Dept. of Mathematics, IIT, Jammu 15. Dr. Keerti Vardhan DES-MDRC, PU, Chd

16. Suman Bala Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd

17. Sangeeta Arora Dept. of Statistics, PU, Chd

18. Anjana Khurana Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd

19. Manmohan Kaur Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd Dept. of Mathematics, Akal University, 20. Rajat Singla Bathinda 21. Shubham Raj UIET, PU, Chd. 22. Harminder Singh Deosi Dept. of Statistics, PU, Chd

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23. Gagandeep Singh Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd

24. Narinder Kumar Dept. of Statistics, PU, Chd

25. Davinder Kumar Dept. of Mathematics, PU ,Chd 26. Jashandeep Singh Dept. of Statistics, PU, Chd 27. Ashmeet Kaur Dept. Of Statistics, PU, Chd

28. Harshita Dept. of Statistics, PU, Chd

29. Manmohan Kaur Dept.of Mathematics, PU, Chd

30. Rohini Sharma DCSA, PU, Chd.

31. Rajni Garg DCSA, PU, Chd. Dept. of Computer Science and 32. Silky Sachar Applications, PU, Chd 33. Palak Mutneja Village Panji Ka Uttar

34. Renu Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

35. Manisha Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

36. Rajbinder Kaur DCSA, PU, Chd.

37. Sumandeep Kaur Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

38. Gurveer Kaur Dept. Of Statistics, PU, Chd

39. Aarti Khurana Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd

40. Saurabh Bhatia UIET, PU, Chd.

41. Vanita Verma Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

42. R.J Hans Gill Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

43. Madhu Raka Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

44. Aayushi Gupta Dept. Of Statistics, PU, Chd.

45. Dr. Aditya Kaushik Delhi Technological University, Chd. Guru Gobind Singh College for Women, 46. Maninder Kaur Sector 26, Chd. 47. Shakti Kumar DCSA, PU, Chd.

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48. Jyoti Panjab University, Chd.

49. Dimple Rani Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

50. Kaveri Bajaj Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

51. Vikas Bist Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

52. Prerna Bansal Panjab University, Chd.

53. Ramandeep Kaur Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd.

54. Preeti Dept. of Statistics

ABSTRACTS PARTICIPATION

Name of Sr. No. Affiliation Title Participant Rayleigh type waves in Dev Samaj College for 1. Savkirat Kaur multilayered elastic media Women, Sector 45B, Chd containing voids

Generalized maximum likelihood Dept. of Statistics, PU, 2. Vikas Jangra estimators for gini index and Chd bonferroni index in case of dagum

Local convergence of uni- Dept. of Mathematics, PU, parametric family of eighth order 3. Bhavna Chd king life methods for solving nonlinear equations

Manpreet Kaur Review of IoT based systems in 4. DCSA, PU, Chd. Dhaliwal epidemic Skew constacyclic codes over a Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, 5. Swati Bhardwaj non-chain ring Chd F_q[u,v]/ Testing homogeneity of scale Dept. of Statistics, PU, 6. Jatesh Kumar parameters under censored or Chd trimmed samples

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Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Characterization of elementary 7. Leena Chd. types cordes schemes

Towards measuring maintainability 8. Jaswinder Singh DCSA, PU, Chd. of open source software

Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Variational measure with 9. Narinder Singh Chd. measurable gauges

Nonlinear stability of transient Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, 10. Manisha natural convection in impulsively Chd. heated inclined fluid layer

Dept. of Computer Science Word spotting in cursive 11. Lalita Kumari and Applications, PU, Chd. handwritten documents

Modified Generalized Two Bhavneet Kaur Dept. Of Statistics, PU, 12. Parameter Estimator in Linear Sidhu Chd Regression Model

Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Love-type waves in thermoelastic 13. Davinder Kumar Chd. solid with double porosity Exponential B-spline collocation for Dept. of Mathematics, PU, a singularly perturbed reaction- 14. Aastha Gupta Chd. diffusion problem using grid equidistribution Enhancing of Customer Experience Dept. Of Statistics, PU, 15. Dilpreet Kaur by Analyzing consumers personality Chd. traits from unstructured data

Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Indefinite form of some matrix 16. Chitra Chd. inequalities

Mathematical model of covid 19 17. Taha Ali Khan UIET, PU, Chd. group testing

DCS, Punjabi University, A survey of digitized handwritten 18. Anjali Rohilla Patiala, Punjab signature verification system

Dr. Abdul Hamid Some new techniques of sequence 19. Saudi University, KSA Ganie spaces over modulus function

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E-POSTERS PARTICIPATION

Name of Sr. No. Affiliation Title participant Role of Statistics in Data 1. Bharat Kumar PGGC, Sector 11, Chd Science GGDSD College, Sector 32, 2. Ojasvi Anand Palm Vein Technology Chd Guru Gobind Singh College Application of fourier 3. Anjali Chaudhary for Women, Chd. transform in communication

Heart disease prediction using 4. Bhavya Bansal Dept. Of Statistics, PU, Chd. logistic regression Heart disease prediction using 5. Arshika Dept. Of Statistics, PU, Chd. logistic regression

Heart disease prediction using 6. Bhawna Bindal Dept. Of Statistics, PU, Chd. logistic regression Department of Computer Image based traffic light 7. Sarita Science and Applications, recognition system PU, Chd.

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Rayleigh-Type Waves in Multi-Layered Elastic Media Containing Voids

Aarti Khurana, Savkirat Kaur* and S. K. Tomar Department of Mathematics, Panjab University, Chandigarh *Dev Samaj College for Women, Chandigarh Corresponding author – Email: [email protected] No: 8968011871

Abstract: Dispersion equation of Rayleigh type surface waves propagating through an n-layered elastic solid half-space containing voids is derived. The set of boundary conditions corresponding to mth and (m-1) th interfaces are connected through a matrix. This general matrix is then reduced for a model consisting of single layer over a uniform elastic half-space to obtain the phase speed of Rayleigh type waves and its characteristics. The numerical computations are performed to observe the effect of voids on the fundamental and higher modes of Rayleigh type waves. It is also shown that the particle motion remains elliptical, but influenced by the presence of voids in the layered medium.

Generalized Maximum Likelihood Estimators ForGiniAndBonferroni Index In Case Of DagumDistributoin

VikasJangra Research Scholar, Department of Statistics, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India Mobile: +919729158226, E-mail: [email protected] Bayesian setup uses the generalized maximum likelihood estimators (GMLE’s) as one of theapproaches to estimate the parameters which is also referred to as Semi-Bayesian approach. Generalized maximum likelihood estimators (GMLEs) are obtained for two famous inequality measures viz. Gini index and Bonferroni index in case of Dagum distribution, a famous income distribution. The estimators are derived using three different priors: uniform prior, Jeffrey’s prior and conjugate prior. Using Monte Carlo simulation, the relative efficiency of GMLE is compared for both these inequality measures under these three different priors. A real-life example is also given for illustration purpose. Keywords: Bayesian, Generalised Maximum likelihood estimators, Gini index, BonferroniIndex, priors.

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Local Convergence of Uni-Parametric Family of Eighth Order King-Like Methods for Solving Nonlinear Equations

Bhavna

Dept. of Mathematics, PU, Chd [email protected] Abstract: In this paper, we have extended King's fourth order method to a new uni-parametric family of eighth order methods which require three steps per iteration. The main concern of this study is to discuss local convergence of the new family of methods for approximating a locally unique solution of a nonlinear equation. Moreover, the radius of convergence, computable error bounds on the distances involved and uniqueness results for the solution based on Lipschitz constants are also presented in this study. Numerical examples for particular values of parameter show that the new methods have much improved radius of convergence as compared to the existing methods

Review of IoT Based Systems in Epidemics Manpreet Kaur Dhaliwal, Dr. Rohini Sharma DCSA, Punjab University, Chandigarh [email protected] Abstract: Healthcare has become one of the largest industries in terms of innovation. As the world is facing a pandemic. IoT technologies can help in the fight against Covid -19. Drones, wearable devices, Mobile apps, Autonomous vehicles, IoT buttons, smart thermometers, and robots had an extensive impact on the fight against Pandemic. As IoMT facilitate remote patient monitoring, autonomous vehicles are used for delivering meals and medical supplies. The integration and communication of objects make life easier in these situations. This paper covers an extensive review of various epidemics reported in the past, how IoT is used to handle such situations, the datasets used for experiments, how data are collected andthe key findings from the literature review. The open issues in IoT to handle an epidemic are also discussed.

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Skew Constacyclic Codes over a Non-Chain Ring Fq [u, v]/ Swati Bhardwaj Centre for Advanced Study in Mathematics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014 [email protected] 7696470573

Abstract: Let f (u) and g (v) be two polynomials, not both linear, whichsplit into distinct linear factors over Fq. Let R = Fq [u, v]/ be a finite commutative non-chain ring. In this paper, we study general skew cyclic codes and θt- skew constacyclic codes over the ring R where θt is an automorphism of R.

Testing homogeneity of scales parameters under censored or trimmed samples Jatesh Kumar a and Amar Nath Gill b a Department of Statistics, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014 (India) b School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una-177220 (India) Abstract: Two classes of tests for testing the homogeneity of scale parameters of exponentially distributed populations against simple ordered alternative hypothesis in the presence of censoring or outliers are proposed. We have used sample quasi ranges and unique minimum variance unbiased estimators (UMVUE) of scale parameters in the proposed classes of tests when the data are contaminated by outliers or asymmetrically censored. Numerically computed critical constants, required to implement these classes of tests, are tabulated. Simulation study has been performed to evaluate the power of proposed classes of tests. Implementation of proposed classes of tests is illustrated by taking a real-life data. Keywords: Doubly censored sample, asymmetric trimming, uniqueminimum variance unbiased estimator (UMVUE), sample quasi ranges (SQR), Simulated size and power.

Characterization of elementary type cordes schemes

Leena Jindal* and Anjana Khurana*

*Centre for Advanced study in Mathematics, PanjabUniversity, Chandigarh

Let be a Cordes scheme. We define the splitting probability invariant of a Cordes scheme. In this talk, we prove that the necessary and sufficient condition for a Cordes scheme to be a generalized Hilbert scheme is, where and denotes the radical of. We also prove that for an elementary type Cordesscheme, if then is a generalized Hilbert scheme except when is a Cordes scheme of a formally real field with and denotes the radical of.

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Towards measuring maintainability of open-source software

Jaswinder Singh 1, Dr. Anu Gupta 2, Dr. PreetKanwal 3

1,2 Department of Computer Science and Applications, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, India 3 Department of Computer Science, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector 26, Chandigarh [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: This paper presents some advances towards the maintainability measurement of Open- Source Software (OSS). Traditionally, maintainability has been associated only with the technical quality of the source code of software system. It has been measured using various hierarchical models that analyze the internal structure and complexity of the source code. In case of OSS, a collaborative development model is followed, in which the development practices are wide-open along with the source code of the software system. The development practices being followed by an OSS project decide the attractiveness of the project which motivates the volunteer developers to get involved in the software development. The volunteers are the real driving force who fulfil the maintenance requirement of the OSS system. Hence the development process and the volunteer community has huge effect on the maintainability of the OSS project. Thus, the traditional models having focus on analyzing only the source code, become insufficient to measure the maintainability of OSS projects. In the present research work, attempt is being made to propose an OSS maintainability framework that takes into consideration the various factors related to OSS development process. GitHub, the largest collaborative open source projectshosting site, will be taken as case study for applying and validating the plannedmaintainabilityframework.

Keywords:Open-Source Software, Maintainability, Source Code, Development Process, Volunteer Community

Variational measure with measurable gauges Narinder Singh, Surinder Pal Singh Kainth

Dept. Of Mathematics, PU, Chd. [email protected], [email protected] In 1957, Jaroslav Kurzweil and Ralph Henstock extended the Riemann integral, by replacing the positive constant with a positive function (known as a gauge) in the definition of the Riemann integral. There are several variations of such Riemann type integrals, known as gauge integrals. The most important out of these is the Henstock-Kurzweil (HK) integral, which extends the notions of Riemann, Lebesgue and improper integrals, for real functions. It significantly improves the

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corresponding fundamental theorem of calculus, in the sense that all derivatives become HK- integrable on compact intervals. The variational measure is defined to be a suitable extension of the notion of variation of real functions. A characterization of primitives of the HK-integrable functions using variational measure is well known, that is, an additive interval function is primitive of some HK-integrable function if and only if its variational measure is absolutely continuous. In this talk, we shall present our recent results on variational measure with respect to measurable gauges (denoted as VFm). We will explore its properties and relationship with usual variational measure.

Nonlinear stability of transient natural convection inImpulsively heated inclined fluid layer

Manisha Arora* and Renu Bajaj*

*Centre for Advanced Study in Mathematics, Panjab University Chandigarh, India

We have discussed the behaviour of the transient state of natural convection in an inclined viscous incompressible fluid layer on heating one of its boundaries impulsively. The closed form solutions of velocity and temperature are calculated analytically which approach the steady state solutions as the dimensionless time approaches one. The effect of Prandtlnumber on the fluid velocity is observed in the transient state which was not apparent in the steady state. At the rigid boundaries of the fluid layer, the variation of Nusselt number is investigated with time. As dimensionless time approaches 0.771, the Nusselt number approaches its steady state value 1. The effect of Prandtlnumber and time is investigated on the skin friction of the fluid at the both boundaries. Using the relaxed energy stability analysis, the Lyapunov function V(t) is used to find the sufficient condition of the stability of the basic transient state with respect to arbitrary perturbations. The stability limits are found in terms of the control parameter Rayleigh number Ra that depends on instant at which the basic state is perturbed. At fixed value of Pr and ϕ, the threshold value of the Rayleigh number is found to be monotonically decreasing with the angle ϕ of inclination of the fluid layer and approaches the steady state values. At some fixed values of time near 0 (from right), the variation of Rayleigh number is studied with the angle of inclination of the fluid layer which gives a least stable configuration of the inclined layer at that time. The results obtained from the relaxed energy stability analysis are compared with those of strong stability analysis which shows the remarkably higher region of stability in the relaxed energy stability analysis.

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Word Spotting in Cursive Handwritten Documents

Lalita Kumari, Anuj Sharma [email protected] , [email protected] Department of Computer Science and Applications, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Abstract: With increasing capabilities of what a computer can perform, digitization of documents available in the libraries is beginning to gain high research interest from the last few decades. As a massive source of knowledge, researches are aimed in the direction of public access to these documents. Handwritten scripts may contain high variability in documents, use of various writing styles, unknown script types and frequent lack of orthographical standardization, hence typical optical character recognition-based techniques yield lower accuracy and cannot be used for practical scenarios. Handwritten documents, especially historical handwritten documents show a high degree of individuality and common techniques cannot be used anymore, hence attention shifted towards finding all the occurrence of a word of interest, such as the name of a specific person in all the postcards of World War-II. Artificial intelligence approaches made this complex task feasible. The similarity between documents computed based upon features of images such as texture, color, geometric shape and aspect ratio. A neural network helps to learn these features in a supervised manner that produce state-of-art results in word spotting domain. In this conference, we present a word recognition system based on scale-space word segmentation technique. We first segment a page into lines followed by lines into words. These words finally provided as input in a neural network-based model that performs recognition task. The given system also highlights the advantages of model based upon convolutional neural network as a word recognizer model compared to standard techniques.

Modified Generalized Two Parameter Estimator in Linear Regression Model BhavneetKaur Dept. Of Statistics, PU, Chd

Abstract:The high degree of dependence between the explanatory variables in linear models emanates the problem of multicollinearity. A Modified Generalised Two Parameter Estimator (MGTPE) is introduced, based upon the prior information for the vector of parameters. The proposed estimator is obtained by fusing the Generalized Two Parameter Estimator and the Modified Two Parameter Estimator. It includes the special cases of the Ordinary Least Squares Estimator (OLSE), the Ridge Regression Estimator (RRE), the Liu estimator (LE), the Modified Ridge Estimator (MRE), the Modified Liu Estimator (MLE) and Modified Two Parameter Estimator (MTPE). We also obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for justifying the superiority of the new estimator over OLS, RE, LE, TPE, MTPE, GTPE and the comparison of new estimator over the other estimators is done using the Mean Squared Error Matrix (MSEM) criterion. The estimation of the biased parameters is obtained. The benefits of the new MGTPE are illustrated using an empirical application and a simulation study has also been conducted in order to support the theoretical

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findings.Keywords: Ridge Regression Estimator, Liu Estimator, Two Parameter Estimator, Modified Two Parameter Estimator, Generalized Two Parameter Estimator, Mean Squared Error Matrix Criterion.

Love-type waves in thermoelastic solid with double porosity Davinder Kumar a, Dilbag Singh a,b , Sushil Kumar Tomar a a Department of Mathematics, Panjab University, Chandigarh - 160 014, India b University Grants Commission, New Delhi - 110 002, India [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

In the present work, propagation of Love-type surface waves has been explored inthermoelastic layered medium of finite thickness containing double porosity welded over the thermoelastic half-space with double porosity structure. The dispersion relation has been obtained by using appropriate boundary conditions for isothermal and insulated boundary conditions. The existence of two fronts of the Love-type surface waves has been proven. The first front is analogous to the classical elasticity, while the second front is due to the presence of porosities of both types and the thermal conduction of medium. The second front of Love-type waves is found to be multimodal, dispersive, and attenuating in nature. The attenuation of Love-type waves is caused by the presence of thermal properties of medium. It is also found that the fundamental mode of the second front of Love-type surface wave faces critical frequency below which this wave is non-propagating. For a particular model, the variation of non-dimensional phase speeds and attenuation coefficients of first four modes with frequency is depicted graphically. Through-thickness displacements and stresses of fundamental wave mode are also depicted graphically at a particular frequency. Some special cases have been discussed from the present formulation.

Exponential B-spline collocation for a singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problem using grid equidistribution Aastha Gupta1, Aditya Kaushik2 1 Department of Mathematics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 2 UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh and Delhi Technological University, Delhi

Abstract: Consider the following singularly perturbed reaction diffusion two-point boundary value problem Lu(x) ≡ −εu ′′(x) + b(x)u(x) = f(x), x ∈ Ω ≔ (0,1), (1) with Dirichlet boundary conditions u(0) = 0 and u(1) = 0, where 0 < ε ≪ 1 is the singular perturbation parameter. The functions b, f are assumed to be sufficiently smooth with b(x) ≥ β > 0 ∀ x ∈ Ω̅ ≔ [0,1] for some constant β. Under these assumptions the singularly perturbed boundary value problem (1) has a unique solution u that exhibits exponential boundary layers at both the end points 0 and 1. Due to the boundary layer behavior of the solution conventional techniques are often unable to generate an accurate approximation and require large number of mesh points of a uniform mesh for small values of the perturbation parameter. Thus, robust computational methods that converge uniformly with respect to the perturbation parameter are always desired. To capture the layer behavior of the solution that changes abruptly near x = 0 and x = 1, several layersadapted grids have been predominantly designed. Amongst these, piecewise uniform Shishkin and graded Bakhvalov mesh are most commonly used. But they require apriori information about the location and width of the boundary layer present in the

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solution. So we prefer a more flexible strategy to construct an appropriate non-uniform grid {xi}i=0 N by using the following equi-distribution principle ∫ M(x)dx xi xi−1=1N ∫ M(x)dx10, i = 1 ... ,N.for a positive monitor function M(x) > 0. In order to solve singularly perturbed boundary value problem (1), we apply the method of exponential spline collocation on the equi-distributed grid. Exponential splines are obtained by adding a tension term to the differential equation of a cubic spline and lie in the span {1, x, exp(pix), exp (−pix)}. Moreover, they admit a B-spline basis Bi(x) centered at xi which is twice continuously differentiable. Thus, we discretize the reaction diffusion boundary value problem (1) by collocating the exponential spline basis {Bi(x)} i=0 N+1 at the mid-points of the partition {0 = x0 < x1 <⋯< xN+1 = 1} such that the approximate solution UN+1 is given by UN+1(x) = ∑ λi N+1 i=0 Bi(x). The constants λi,i = 0, ..., N + 1, are determined by using LUN+1(xi−1/2) = f(xi−1/2), i = 1, ... , N, UN+1(x0) = 0 ,UN+1(xN+1) = 0 , leading to an (N) × (N) tridiagonal matrix with λ1, ... , λN unknowns. By choosing a uniform tension parameter the resultant coefficient matrix is strictly diagonally dominant and the associated discrete hybrid operator L is maximum-norm stable. Consequently, the unique approximate solution UN+1(x) of SPBVP (1), obtained by using the exponential spline collocation method yields parameter uniform second order convergence on the layer adapted equi-distributed grid.

Enhaching of customer experience by analyzing personality traits from unstructured data DilpreetKaur,KanchanK.Jain, Suresh K Sharma

Department of Statistics, Panjab University Chandigarh

Abstract-There is a range of potential psychosocial measures that can be extracted from writings, messages and commentaries taken from individuals. These measures combined with a variety of social and demographic status measures are well-established indicators of product attitudes and likelihood to purchase. One well-established psychometric approach has been developed by James Pennebaker: Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (L.I.W.C.) SAS Social Media Analytics led us to extract the gender identification guidelines from Pennebaker’s framework. Gender is used as a supplement to the identification of sentiment and mood state. We show how the combination of gender, sentiment and mood state as a predictor and it provides superior results in driving purchase decisions than any of the separate measures alone.

Indefinite Form of Some Matrix Inequalities Chitra 1, Jagjit Singh Matharu2 1 Department of Mathematics, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India 2 Department of Applied Science, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India Mob:+919872398974, Email:[email protected]

Abstract:Aselfadjointinvolutive matrix provides with an indefinite Krein space structure endowed by the indefinite inner product given by = , . Kubo and Ando [3], defines the theory of matrix mean, on a pair of positive definite matrices and as where is called the matrix monotone function on. For,

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the associated mean is denoted by and is called the weighted geometric mean. In the talk, we will present some indefinite version of matrix inequalities involving matrix means.

Bibliography: 1. N. Bebiano, R. Lemos, J. Da Providência and G. Soares, Operator inequalities for -contractions, Math. Inequal. Appl. 15 (2012) 883-897.

2. T. Sano, Furutainequality of indefinite type, Math. Inequal. Appl. 10 (2007), no. 2, 381-387.3. F. Kubo and T. Ando, Means of positive linear operators, Math. Ann.246 (1979/80), no.3, 205-224.

Mathematical model of Covid-19 group testing

Taha Ali Khan, Tryammbak Kansal, Ritik Thakur, Shubhjeet Singh

UIET, Panjab Chandigarh

Introduction: The worldwide spread of corona-virus has tabled the urgent need of large scale testing to get ahead of the virus and save lives. But not every lab will have every desirable chemical to run the diagnostics. This has resulted in the adoption of WW2 era diagnostic technique, i.e. group testing.

Aim: To understand different methods of group testing.

Methods: Method 1 suggested by Robert Dorfman, is termed as the simplest group testing method in which an equal number of sample swabs dabbed in nasal and throat are mixed together and diagnostics are carried out. Ruling out occurs if the group of samples give a negative result but if is tested as positive, every sample in tested again, one by one. The drawback of this method is that it is effective for a small number of samples. Chinese researchers used this method in Wuhan to carry out initial tests but due to the time consuming method, they lost a lot of ground on the virus. Method 2 involves a systematic approach which involves addition of more rounds of group testing ahead of one by one diagnosing each sample. This method is also time consuming and hence can’t keep up with the fast spreading corona virus. Method 3 involves an improved methodology where the first batch of diagnostics are similar to method 1 but when the batch tests positive, the second round is added which divides the sample between groups that overlap just like a square matrix with nine units, with swabs from one person represents each unit. The row and columns of samples are retested as one batch, which results in a total of six tests where samples from a single person are in each batch. If the sample is Covid positive, both the batches test positive which invariably makes the identification process a lot easier and faster.

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But when short on time and testing kits, method 4 comes in use using the Kirkman triples counting technique, samples are mixed in different batches which is similar to imagining a flat matrix in which one test is represent by each row and each column represent one person. Then using algorithms, samples are mixed by one step approach which saves up to 15 % test kits with a success rate of 98%.

Result: Method 1 and Method 2 are useful in testing on a small scale very effectively but take a considerable amount of time. Method 3 & 4 are comparatively fast and their effectiveness is equivalent to the first two methods when implemented on a large scale.

Conclusion: Mathematics is effective in solving problems even at the microscopic and biological level as well.

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ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES SESSION • University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET) • University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology (UICET) • Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility (SAIF) • University Institute of Applied Management Sciences (UIAMS) • University Business School (UBS) • University Institute of Hotel & Tourism Management • University Institute of Fashion Technology and Vocational Development (UIFT)

COORDINATORS: Prof. Savita Gupta (UIET) Prof. Madhu Khatri (UIET) Prof. Sanjeev Sharma (UIAMS)

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CHASCON-2020 Engineering and Management sciences

Meeting link: https://apjpu.webex.com/apjpu/onstage/g.php?MTID=e563f9eefd5aaed011eae667d4c7eea36 Event number: 176 360 9082 Event password: UIET123 124

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REGISTRANTS

Sr. No. Name of Participant Affiliation

1. Shikha Guleria UIET, PU, Chd. 2. Vamika Sharma UIET, PU, Chd.

3. Dr. Inderdeep Kaur Aulakh UIET, PU, Chd. 4. AnaidaKad UIET, PU, Chd. 5. Jyoti Kedia Punjab Engineering College, Chd.

6. Dr. Madhu Khatri UIET, PU, Chd.

7. Himanshu Lather UIET, PU, Chd.

8. Jasreen Kaur Centre of Nano science and Nanotech, PU, Chd 9. Dr. Amrinder Pal Singh UIET, PU, Chd. 10. Anmol Gupta UIET, PU, Chd.

11. Parul Gaur EEE, UIET, PU, Chd.

12. Gouri Sharma UIET, PU, Chd.

13. Raj RishuKeshri UIET, PU, Chd.

14. Suraj Chaudhary UIET, PU, Chd.

15. Suman Bharti UIET, PU, Chd.

16. Sakshi Thakur UIET, PU, Chd.

17. Arvind UIET, PU, Chd. 18. Amy Bhamra UIET, PU, Chd.

19. Prof. Savita Gupta UIET, PU, Chd. 20. Dr. Arun Raina UIET, PU, Chd.

21. Dr. Nidhi Garg ECE, UIET, PU, Chd.

22. Jyoti Kaushal UIET, PU, Chd.

23. Harnoor Chahal UIET, PU, Chd.

24. Himanshi UIET, PU, Chd.

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25. Mukul Bhardwaj UIET, PU, Chd. 26. Dr. Roopali Garg UIET, PU, Chd. 27. Arpan Sharma UIET, PU, Chd. 28. Abhay UIET, PU, Chd. 29. Yog Gupta UIET, PU, Chd.

ABSTRACTS PARTICIPATION

Sr. Name of Affiliation Title No. Participants Interaction of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, Ofloxacin GGDSD College, 1. Dr. Neha Dhiman Hydrochloride with nanometal oxides in water: Sector 32, Chd continuous flow column adsorption and desorption

IIT Ropar, Affordable BiPAP machine with an infection free 2. Gaurav Pal Singh Rupnagar, PB mask IIT, Ropar, 3. VineyGhai Carbon Nanotubes Based Passive Camouflage Rupnagar, PB Use of adaptive-neuro fuzzy inference system in 4. Shankar Sehgal UIET, PU, Chd. model updating of composite beams

A mars megaflood may be evidence of ancient 5. Sawant Anand UIET, PU, Chd. waterways-and maybe life Dev Samaj College For Flow based datasets and feature 6. Rashmi Bhatia Women, Sector optimization in anomaly detection system 45B, Chd AFM Lab, Dr. 7. Chitven Sharma SSB, UICET, PU, Carbon nanotube membrane for water purification Chd AFM Lab, Dr. Graphene oxide embedded chitosan films for active 8. Deepika Bansal SSB, UICET, PU, food packaging system Chd Using adaptive reduced power sub frames to Dr. Arun Kumar Saudi Electronic 9. mitigate inter cell nosiness in heterogeneous Singh University, KSA networks 10. Pragya Sharma UIET, PU, Chd. Various aspects of mushrooms

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Diagnosis of leukemia using blood smear images 11. Sabrina UIET, PU, Chd. using deep learning

Silver Nanoparticles-doped Gel-MA and Alg-MA AFM Lab, Dr. SSB 12. Dhruv Bhatnagar Antimicrobial Bio-composite as Potential Wound UICET, PU, Chd. Dressing

Medical report generation from chest X-ray images: 13. Navdeep Kaur UIET, PU, Chd. Technology aspects, current status and future scope

Scope of Biomining for extraction of metal from 14. TryammbakKansal UIET, PU, Chd. space minerals

15. Sheetal UIET, PU, Chd. Internet of things in smart agriculture review Phage therapy not just an answer to the multidrug 16. Ritu Verma UIET, PU, Chd. resistance 17. Smriti Guleria UIET, PU, Chd. Move forgery detection in digital image Optical and structural properties of hafnium oxide CSIO, Sector 30, 18. Shashi Kant Thin films deposited by E-beam Evaporation Chd.

Kurukshetra COVID-19 Pandemic Apprehension: Efficacy of ICT 19. Suman Kumari University, based Learning Methods in rural Areas Kurukshetra 20. Mihir Bhatt UIET, PU, Chd.

E-POSTERS PARTICIPATION

Sr. Name of Affiliation Title No. Participant Development of optical nanosensors for 1. Harpreet Singh UIET, PU, Chd. detection of food toxins

Studies of excess thermodynamic DAV University, 2. Pankaj Kumar properties of binary mixture of Jalandhar mesitylene and ethyl ethanoate

Institute of Nano Peptide bases hydrogels and its 3. Archita Sharma Science Technology, applications in tissue engineering and Mohali regenerative medicines

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4. Yadu Aggarwal UIET, PU, Chd. Bioplastic: Reshaping the future

5. ShristiHanda UIET, PU, Chd. Bioplastic: Reshaping the future Centre of Nanoscience and Design and synthesis of fluorescent 6. Alisha Lalhall Nanotechnology, nanoprobes for biosensing UIET, PU, Chd. Chemoresistive room temperature sensing of ammonia using Zeolite 7. Naini Garg CSIO, Sector 30, Chd. Imidazole Framework and Reduced Graphene Oxide composite 8. LubhanCherwoo UIET, PU, Chd. Phage therapy a novel therapy Hand-held and Detachable copper alloy 9. Prachi Arora CSIO, Sector 30, Chd. fins for Storage Application Simultaneous nitrification- 10. Harpreet Kaur UIET, PU, Chd. denitrification by phosphate accumulating microorganisms. Simultaneous nitrification- 11. Shivani Shukla UIET, PU, Chd. denitrification by phosphate accumulating microorganisms. 12. Sagar Rana CSIO, Sector 30, Chd. 13. Harshit Kumar UIET, PU, Chd.

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Interaction of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, Ofloxacin Hydrochloride swith Nanometal Oxides in Water: Continuous Flow Column Adsorption and Desorption

Neha Dhiman1*, Neeta Sharma2 1Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector-32, Chandigarh 2Dr. SS Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh E-mail:[email protected], [email protected] The present study aims to investigate the interaction of ZnO and CuOnanometaloxides as adsorbents for adsorption and desorption of ofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solution using vertical and sequential bed adsorption columns. Adsorption column designing parameters i.e. diameter and length of column, bed depth and flow rate have been determined using bed depth service time model (BDST). Column studies have been undertaking at varying drug concentration and flow rates using ZnO and CuO nanoparticles at pH 4. The optimum value of pH has been determined from batch studies for maximum adsorption of ofloxacin hydrochloride using ZnO and CuO nanoparticles. Breakthrough curves have been analyzed for varying inlet drug concentration and flow rate to study the mass transfer zone and intra-particle diffusion control. The Thomas model and Yoon-Nelson models have been used to evaluate the column performance and shows good agreement with experimental data. The values of bed capacities for sequential column shows slightly better results than that of vertical column as the design of sequential column is simple and economical in which the solution flows under gravity and no feed pumps or other mechanical devices are used and can be taken into consideration for use in small scale industries. Column desorption experiments have also been carried out by using HCl/NaOH as desorbing agent for the regeneration of drug loaded adsorbent column. Keywords: Continuous column studies; nanometal oxides; Breakthrough curves; Thomas model; Yoon- Nelson model; Regeneration of column

Affordable Bipap Machine withan Infection Free Mask Gaurav Pal Singh, Neha Sardana* Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unforeseen demand of respiratory support equipment all across the globe. The developing countries including India are struggling to provide sufficient traditional ventilators. The BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure) and CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) machines originally intended to be used for sleep apnea and pediatric use have proven to be effective in less critical cases, while it is ensured that the ventilators are provided to the highly critical cases. Moreover, these

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machines are non-invasive, hence safer and can easily be operated at home. But the commercial cost of both these machines is very high, taking this into consideration, a prototype of a BiPAP machine was built with an infection free mask. The mask contained check valves and a filter to minimize the risk of infection, the mask was installed with a combination of foam and silicone layers to ensure that the air only goes outthrough the filter while maintaining a comfortable fit for the patients. The working of the BiPAP machine comprises of the creation of positive pressure for the air intake and a low or zero pressure for expiration. The prototype used affordable and readily available parts to create a BiPAP machine which was easy to use. A brushless DC motor was used to create the positive air pressure, which was controlled through an electronic speed controller via a microcontroller (Arduino UNO). The microcontroller was programmed to drive the motor in the BiPAP ventilation mode. The prototype used a simple switch to change between various BiPAP pressure levels and could also be operated in CPAP mode. The maximum pressure possible was 40 cm H2O which is considered sufficient and safe for non-critical patients. The cost of the prototype including the 3D printed mask was Rs. 5800, which will be even lower after mass production, while the commercial BiPAP setups start from over Rs. 50000.

Carbon Nanotubes Based Passive Camouflage VineyGhai, Harpreet Singh and Prabhat K. Agnihotri Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, India Corresponding author: [email protected] A partially or fully invisible surface to an observer can create confusion in their mind. Such surface is highly useful for defence applications. These kinds of confusing surfaces can be a key to win a war in the modern world. Such kind of camouflage can be created by ultra-black optical absorbers which also finds huge applications in energy harvesting devices, telescopes, and infrared cameras. From the past few years, researchers are working to design a near perfect optical absorber which can trap light independent of incident angle and wavelength. To fabricate such a near perfect absorber vertically aligned carbon nanotubes can be one of the best candidate due to its structure and morphology. However, the biggest challenge remains CNTs alignment. Keeping this in mind authors tried to address this problem through novel CNTs morphology named as flower carbon nanotubes (FCNTs). The developed FCNTs have hierarchical nanostructure due to dual growth step. Light trapping capacity is found to be more than 99.9 % with an emissivity of 0.98 in UV- Vis-NIR wavelength range. Due to its ultra-high absorption it is found that the fabricated FCNTs are blackest manmade surface. Moreover, the fabricated FCNTs are superhydrophobic in nature with a contact angle of 170° and roll-off angle of 2°.

Use of Adaptive-Neuro Fuzzy Inference System in Model Updating Of Composite Beams Shankar Sehgal

Mechanical Engineering, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India 130

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E-mail: [email protected]; Contact: +91-90501024161

Abstract: This paper presents an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) basedtechnique which can be used to update the finite element model of a composite beam in such a way that the updated model becomes able to predict the natural frequencies of the composite beam structure with desired accuracy. Proposed technique is used to identify the material properties of the composite beam through the use of combined effects of neural networks and fuzzy logic methods in an adaptive manner. In this paper, only the material elastic constant has been evaluated by using the proposed technique. However the work can be easily extended to evaluate other material related properties also such as damping in addition to the possibilities of identification of structural damage location as well as its assessment by using the proposed technique. Keywords: Adaptive, Neural, Fuzzy, Model, Updating, Composite

A mars megaflood may be evidence of ancient waterways-and maybe life Sawantanand ECE, Uiet,PU,chd [email protected],7061201551

Long ago, when our solar system was young, Mars was a world teeming with water. Researchers at Cornell University have now found evidence of an ancient massive megaflood on the Red Planet. Gale Crater, explored by the Curiosity rover, provided data showing distinct signs of a titanic flood, roughly four billion years in the past. This finding could provide further evidence that Mars once had a climate suitable for the development of primitive life. Sitting near the Martian equator, Gale Crater was formed more than 3.5 billion years ago in a titanic explosion, when Mars was struck by a massive asteroid. Named for Australian astronomer Walter F. Gale, this Martian crater stretches 154 km (96 miles) from one side to another.https://youtu.be/Q-uAz82sH-EMars today is cold and dry, with most of its water locked in polar ice caps, and researchers think its surface has been largely barren for the past 2.5 billion years. However, channels crisscrossing its surface hint that waters once flooded the Red Planet’s surface.The largest of the channels engraved into Mars within the past 500 million years belong to the 600-mile-long (1,000 kilometer) MarteVallis system. Probing MarteVallis could offer hints on a time otherwise thought of as cold and dry. [The Search for Water on Mars (Photos)]However, MarteVallis lies in Elysium Planitia, an expanse of plains along the Martian equator. This area is the youngest volcanic region on Mars, and massive volcanism throughout the past several hundred million years has covered most of its surface with lava, burying evidence of its recent history, including the source and most of the length of MarteVallis. Observation: We identified megafloods for the first time using detailed sedimentological data observed by the rover Curiosity. Deposits left behind by megafloods had not been previously identified with orbiter data,” Alberto Fairén, a visiting astrobiologist in the College of Arts and Sciences at Cornell University, stated.Early Mars was an extremely active planet from a geological point of view. The planet had the conditions needed to support the presence of liquid water on the surface — and on Earth, where there’s water, there’s life.https://youtu.be/5qqsMjy8Rx0In the video above, take a look at NASA’s Perseverance

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rover, due to touch down in the Jezero Crater on Mars, in an effort to understand the Red Planet. (Image credit: NASA/JPL)

Flow-based datasets and Feature Optimization in Anomaly Detection Systems

Rashmi Bhatia, Dr. Rohini Sharma

DCSA, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Abstract: Computer Networks are vulnerable to various attacks and defending the network infrastructure is a task of foremost importance and challenging as well. A Network Intrusion Detection System not only detects the attacks on a network but blocks the attacker as well. A Flow- based Intrusion Detection System considers flow from network traffic to identify the malicious flows and generates an alert. The model predicts the normal behavior of the system by examining the patterns of past traffic. The datasets to train a model can be packet-based, flow-based, or other. The data can be collected from a real network or maybe generated synthetically. This paper discusses various flow-based datasets adopted by researchers to test the performance of their proposed network intrusion detection system. Also, the feature reduction and optimization techniques used by researchers are discussed where the features in an n-dimensional dataset are reduced and optimized to improve the overall performance of the Network Intrusion Detection System.

Carbon Nanotube Membranes for Water Purification Chitven Sharma, Rasmeet Singh, Sanjeev Gautam* Advanced Functional Materials Lab., Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

*Corresponding author: Dr. Sanjeev Gautam ([email protected] ; +91- 97797-13212)

Abstract: The freshwater availability has seen a huge decrease in the past few years. Flora, fauna, aquatic, and terrestrial frameworks have been affected by nano/micro water pollutanats. A regular increase in global warming is increasing land and seawater salt levels. There is a huge need to develop a membrane that not only removes nano/micro-contaminants but also effectively desalinates the water. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) have showcased better results in blocking pollutant salts, in direct comparison to the commonly used materials. The characteristics of CNT include less energy utilization, self-cleansing, and anti-fouling. In addition to this, graphene and graphene oxide nanomembranes have shown outstanding performance in the salt-removal process due to their high stability and large specific surface area. Graphene provides excellent properties to 132

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fabricate the size-selective membranes with strong mechanical properties. Hence, this paper provides an intensive review of the present developments of carbon-based nanomembranes for water purification. The problems and future scopes in relation with Carbon-based membranes have also been discussed.

Keywords: Water desalination; Water purification; Carbon nanotubes; Graphene; Nanomembranes

Graphene Oxide Embedded Chitosan Films for Active Food Packaging System

Deepika Bansal, Sanjeev Gautam* Advanced Functional Materials Lab, Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Sanjeev Gautam) +91-9779713212 Abstract: Food safety has always been the most challenging area of concern for researchers worldwide. The rising cases of multi-drug resistant bacteria, and other food deteriorating factors, have led to increased demands for novel materials. Active Packaging System can be an effective solution to many such existing problems as it involves a system for moisture absorption, oxygen scavenging, flavor/odour absorbing or releasing, antimicrobial agents, etc. Among various materials, the nanostructured Graphene Oxide (GO) has shown great results due to its excellent mechanical strength and antibacterial properties. The structure of GO consists of reactive oxygen functional groups such as carbonyl, epoxide, and hydroxyl groups which makes it easier for biopolymers to incorporate them in their structure. Biopolymers are a promising alternative for the existing non-degradable plastic packaging material as they are produced from renewable resources and are biodegradable as well as biocompatible. Among them chitosan (CS) films have attracted significant attention as a packaging material as it is edible, eco-friendly biopolymer has excellent film-forming ability, and antimicrobial properties. This article focuses on the impact and improvement observed with the incorporation of GO in chitosan film. Besides, a future outlook of using Graphene in advanced food monitoring systems have also been added. Keywords: Active Food Packaging System; Graphene Oxide (GO); Chitosan (CS)

Mitigate inter-cell nosiness in heterogeneous networks using adaptive reduced power subframes Arun Kumar Singh

College of Computing and Informatics, Saudi Electronic University,Saudi Arabia-KSA, ORCID: 0000-0002-9974-4696 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 133

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Abstract: With the remarkable impact and fast growth of the mobile networks, the mobile base stations have been increased too, especially in the high population areas. These base stations will be overloaded by users, for that reason the small cells (like Pico cells) were introduced. However, the inter- cell nosiness will be high in this type of Heterogeneousnetworks. There are many solutions to mitigate this nosiness like the inter-cell nosiness coordination (ICNC), andthen the further enhanced ICNC where the almost blank subframes are used to give priority to the (victim users). Butit could be a waste of bandwidth due to the unused subframes. For that reason, in this paper we proposed an adaptivereduced power subframe that reduces its power rate according to the user’s SINR in order to get a better throughputand to mitigate the inter-cell nosiness. When the user is far from the cell, the case will be considered as an edge userand will get a higher priority to be served first. The results show that the throughput of all users in the Macrocellsand Pico cell will be improved when applying the proposed scheme.

Keywords: Inter-cell nosiness almost blank subframes Heterogeneous network

Various Aspects of Mushrooms

Pragya Sharma and Jaspreet Kaur*

University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Branch Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh Correspondence *[email protected]

Now a days, for strain improvement several techniques such as chemical mutagenesis, selection of mutated strains, hybridization, protoplast fusion, use of resistance markers, have been employed for obtaining high yielding strains., Here in present studies, more nutritious, disease resistant and high yielding mushrooms are the desired products. Medicinal mushrooms have been used throughout the history of mankind for treatment of various diseases including cancer. Extensive studies have been done in order to reveal mechanism of action of their biomedical role. Targeted treatment, non-harmful for healthy tissues, has become a desired goal in recent decades and compounds of fungal origin provide a vast reservoir of potentially efficacious drugs. The chief medicinal uses of mushrooms discovered so far are as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-tumorigenic, anti-cancer, immuno-modulatory, anti-allergic, nephroprotective, and antimicrobial. Considering these beneficial properties, it should be promoted through agricultural waste to convert it into a highly nutritious and beneficial food.

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Diagnosis of leukemia from blood smear images using deep learning

Sabrina Dhalla, Prof. Ajay Mittal, Prof. Savita Gupta

UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh

In many parts of the world, blood cancer has become a major concern for the health of children, young and aged people. Leukemia, which is a result of abrupt increase in production of abnormal white blood cells (WBCs) is the most common type of blood cancer. In such case, the malignant cells which perform no vital function increase in number whereas the normal ones get destroyed in the process. This degrades the quality of life (QoL) in humans and can even cause sudden deaths if not treated timely. The current scenario deals with its examination by the experts in laboratories using advanced tools and instruments. However, such tests are labor-intensive and the hematologists might not be available in remote areas. It also induces the risk of human errors while testing process. This calls for the need of computer aided diagnosis (CADx) of microscopic blood slides so that the testing can be performed at fast pace, requiring less or no human effort. Various techniques have already been developed by researchers across the globe to detect and diagnose leukemia. These include the use of machine learning algorithms such as support vector machines (SVMs), k- nearest neighbor etc. Such algorithms still require human labor to deal with the extraction of features in order to classify the type of cells. Thus, the focus of the research is to create low cost, automated system to classify WBC images using convolution neural networks (CNNs). These networks form a major part of deep learning which use automatic feature extraction and selection process. These utilize the information from the neighboring pixels and hence, effectively down-sample the images without any loss of information. The features extracted at last form 1-D feature space and are connected to classifiers at the end. Performance of such networks will be verified using benchmark dataset: ALL-IDB, which has been used by many researchers and medical professionals till date.

Silver Nanoparticles-doped Gel-MA and Alg-MA Antimicrobial Bio-composite as Potential Wound Dressing

Dhruv Bhatnagar, Sanjeev Gautam* Advanced Functional Materials Lab, Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh – 160 014, India

*Corresponding author: [email protected], +91-9779713212

Abstract: Skin is the largest organ in human body and the first line of defence to protect us from external harmful factors. Once the skin is injured, its function as a barrier to disease causing microorganisms is lost. So, development of novel wound dressing with potent antibacterial activity is crucial for wound healing and tissue regeneration. As a natural biocompatible polysaccharide, Alginate is extensively used in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. Alginate chains are modified with functional groups (i.e., methacrylates) followed by the free-radical polymerization in the presence of a UV light irradiation. Gelatine 135

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possesses good biocompatibility and excellent haemostatic function. Gelatin is modified into GelMA by introducing methacrylates exposing to ultraviolet (UV) light. Meanwhile, Gel-MA and Alg-MA composite possessed significant water uptake behavior and mechanical properties, which support local tissue and promote cell adhesion and growth.Then introducing Ag- nanoparticles due to its higher toxicity to microorganisms, results in excellent antibacterial activity. In this research, we discussed the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP’s)-doped Gel-MA and Alg-MA bio-composite, which possess antibacterial activity and be used as wound dressing. Keywords: Ag NPs; Gel-MA; Alg-MA; Wound Dressing

Medical Report Generation from Chest X-Ray Images: Technology Aspects, Current Status and Future Scope

Navdeep Kaur1,2, Ajay Mittal2

1 Department of Computer Science & Applications, Mehr Chand Mahajan DAV College for Women, [email protected] 2 UIET, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Panjab University.

Abstract: Chest x-ray imaging is the vital medical imaging technique used around the globe and has saved numerous lives with early diagnostics. The process of efficiently interpreting these medical images requires high expertise and time. Due to unavailability of an expert radiologist, chest x-ray images are commonly visualized by general physicians; which can lead to incorrect interpretations. Thus, automating the report generation from chest x-rays have helped the physicians in efficient and fast interpretations. It is a very challenging task as it needs a computer vision technique to understand the chest x-ray image and then language generation technique to generate sentences based on findings and interpretations of the images. With the advent of deep learning techniques, researchers have gained huge success in anomaly detection. In literature, CNN are used for ananlomy detection and RNN being good at sequence data are used for language generation. Variants of RNN have achieved good results in sentence generation but lack in paragraph generation. The paragraphs are well generated by language generation models. But the language generation models that were implemented in natural images are yet to be exploredin medical images. Also, there is huge scope for creating mobile apps that can generate instant layman understandable report from the chest x-ray image.

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Scope of Biomining for Extraction of Metals from Space Minerals

Tryammbak kansal, Ritik thakur, Taha ali khan and Shubhjeet singh

UIET, PU CHD

Biomining can be defined as the process which is used to extract metal from minerals with the help of microorganisms. Different types of microorganisms used for this purpose are autotropic, Fe-, S-oxidizing microorganisms. They generally produce ferric iron and sulfuric acid to covert insoluble metal sulfides (or oxides) to water-soluble metal sulphate for e.g.- conversion of (Cu2S) to soluble copper sulphate. Similar chemicals can also be used as a pretreatment process to penetrate the structure of a mineral therefore allowing chemicals to have better penetration. When vital metal is recovered into a solution, it is known as bioleaching (or biomining). Biomining can be done with the help of reactors as it would require a continuous supply of aeration for the proper growth of microorganisms to the process more efficiently. This process seems to be a domain of chemistry rather than biology at first glance but we need microorganisms to produce leaching chemicals so that process can go on. Moreover, microorganisms produce an exopolysaccharide layer which serves as a reaction place that gets attached to the mineral. Extraction of metals such as copper, gold mainly uses this method on a commercial scale. This process can be used for the extraction of uranium and rare earth metals. Biomining was demonstrated in ISS to have a better understanding of how this process will happen in microgravity and low temperature. They used bacteria such as (S. desiccabilis, B. subtilis, C. metallidurans) to do biomining. These bacteria were selected as they can survive low temperatures and will require very fewer nutrients and water. These bacteria also have a risk level 1 so that it won't harm any astronauts and scientists even used a fixative to stop the process wherever they want to. The mineral used for this experiment was "Basalt" which is present in abundance in both moon and mars and contains rare earth metal. A specialized Biomining reactor was used to carry out an experiment in ISS. Experiment results showed that there was statistically no difference in the growth rate of all 3 microorganisms though Sphingomonasdesiccabilis enhanced the leaching concentration of metal. It should be noted that Basalt rock wasn't crushed and the reactor wasn't stirred. These factors play a major role as they enhance the leaching process. Hence the above-conducted experiment done in ISS validated that it is possible to do biomining in the microgravity of different celestial bodies such as the moon and mars at a viable cost.

Internet of things in smart agriculture - a review

Sheetal, Dr. Inderdeepkauraulakh

U.I.E.T, PanjabUniversity, Chandigarh ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, [email protected]

U.I.E.T, PanjabUniversity, Chandigarh,[email protected]

Abstract: Agriculture plays a very important role in everyday life. As the population increase, the requirement of food also increases. This directly results in increment of food demand. Therefore,it becomes 137

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important to develop a technique which helps with faster and efficient foodproduction. Here comes IoT (Internet of Things). As we all know IoT has many applicationswhich include agriculture. This paper purposed to provide a review of research papers which represents the efforts of the researchersin the field of smart agriculture and explained various technologies used in the area of smart farming and how these technologies are helpful to fulfill the requirement of the agriculture industry.

Phage Therapy Is Not Just an Answer To The Multidrug Resistance

Ritu Verma

UIET, Panjab University

The purpose of this abstract is not just to throw some light on phage therapy as a potential weapon against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections but also on other areas such as agriculture, biomedical devices, nanomedicine, bio-detection, etc. Almost 90 years of research in Eastern Europe has shown the effectiveness of phage therapy. Increasing antibiotic resistance has led scientists to look into the usage of phage as an alternative. Personalized medicine to patients like Pranav Johri, Tom Patterson, Isabelle Carnell-Holdaway has been provided. Phages are highly specific, have no side effects, versatile in the formulation and cost- effective. Treatment costs can be reduced by reducing the phage dosage which can’t be done in case of antibiotics. India can venture into the field of phage production just like Microgen Inc. (a Russian company). But, before that, a lot of clinical research is first required on the Indian population. Another domain which India can work on is the usage of recombinant phages in not just for phage therapy but also for agriculture. AI can predict modification of phages to efficiently kill bacteria. These modified phages can be tested & mass-produced. Bacteriophages can also be used as a ‘bio’-coating on biomedical devices such as catheters which can lead to infections. Phages can also be used as nanoparticles to deliver genetic material for targeted gene therapy. Antibody/antisera methods can take up to months to detect bacterial species which can be overcome by phage-based detection techniques. Since most of the phage strains are specific to a small range of hosts. This method can be improved by the “phage display” process. Evident data and literature on phage usage combating not just multidrug-resistant bacteria but, also in other domains shows promising use of phages which can be exploited by the researchers and industry.

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Move Forgery Detection in Digital Image Smritiguleria. PG Student

Information Technology,Uiet Sector-25 PU Chandigarh E-Mail:[email protected]

Abstract: In today's time because of less-cost and more-resolution digital cameras, there is ample amount of digital images across globe. Digital images have a crucial presence in specific domains like in insurance process, forensic lab work, monitoring systems, services of intelligence, medical imaging and journalism. The most needed requirement is the images we see should be authentic. With the availability of effective image processing software’s like Adobe Photoshop the possibility is very high to modify an artificial picture. Copy-move forgery is a very regular category of the digital fraud. There are basically two techniques for identifying copy-move fraud which are Block based method and Key point-based methods. Here for the report, I have reviewed different copy-move forgery detection technique and its advantages over other methods of detection technique.

Keywords: -keypoint, Block based, copymove, forgery, fraud

Optical and Structural Properties of Hafnium Oxide Thin Films Deposited By E-Beam Evaporation Shashi Kant1,2, Mukesh Kumar1, Amit L Sharma1, Neelam Kumari1,2,*

1Optical Thin-film Laboratory, CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Sector - 30C, Chandigarh, 160030, India 2Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract: In this study, hafnium oxide (HfO2) thin films were deposited on a BK-7 glass substrate having a dimension of 20 x 20 x 1.5 mm2 at 200 °C by using an electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB PVD) system. The deposited thickness of the HfO2 thin film was 500 nm and 600 nm on the substrate. In which, five runs were used to achieve the 500 nm thickness, each run deposited the thickness of 100 nm and correspondingly for 600 nm. The grown HfO2 thin films were characterized with the help of a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer for optical studies. Structural and morphological studies were done by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (Fe-SEM) to understand the surface feasibility for the grown thin films. Further, surface wettability measurement of the HfO2 thin film was done by using a drop shape analyzer to understand the hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature. The developed single-

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layer thin film on the substrate can be used in protective, optical, anti-reflection, anti-corrosive, etc., applications.

Keywords: Hafnium oxide thin films; Electron beam; Physical vapor deposition; Water contact angle

Covid-19 Pandemic Apprehension: Efficacy of ICT Based Learning Methods In Rural Areas

Suman Kumari1, Ram Niwas Sharma2

Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra.

Email: [email protected] The spread of COVID-19 has sent shockwaves across the globe whereas, academic institution and learning activities got severely affected. Although, the impact is also quite observant in all the dissociated fields of Journalism, literature, entertainment and socio-political sectors. In India as effectively, the nationwide lockdown has closed each academic institution, as a consequence of which, learners going from school- going kids to postgraduate college students, got affected. The technology-based teaching and learning methods become the innovative option to fill the gap, however in a developing country like India, lack of technology, internet access, and qualified trainers act as the biggest challenge in providing information and communication technologies (ICT) based educational services to the masses, especially in the remote and rural areas. This study explores barriers to utilizing ICT for teaching and learning process as indicated by participating stakeholders: students, teachers, and administrators and also suggests some suitable solutions enabling smooth implementation of ICTs in rural education sphere with utmost impact.

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Life Sciences

• Botany • Zoology • Anthrolopology • Forensic Science

COORDINATORS: Prof. Daizy Batish Prof. Harpreet Kaur

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REGISTRANTS

S.no. Name Affiliation

1 Ankit Saini Department Of Botany, PU, Chandigarh

2 Nishma Dept. Of Microbiology, PU, Chd.

3 Tripta Dept.Of Microbiology, PU, Chd.

4 Dr. Indu Sharma Department Of Zoology, PU, Chandigarh

5 Sripratyusha Gandham National Institute Of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB- Hyderabad)

6 Dr. Ranjana Jaiswara Department Of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh

7 Sakshi Negi Department Of Microbiology, PU, Chandigarh

8 Drishti Moudgil Department Of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh

9 Anita Kumari Panjab University, Chandigarh

10 Vikramjit Singh Physics Department,PanjabUniversity,Chandigarh

11 Dr. Simerjit Kaur Rayatbahra University, Mohali

12 Vandita Tiwari Department Of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh

13 Susheel Kumar Department Of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh

14 Gurpreet Kaur Centre For Biomedical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab

15 Anupampreet Kaur NCHGSR, panjab university

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16 Anshum NCHGSR, Panjab University Pallavi Bagga 17 NCHGSR (HUMAN GENOMICS) Panjab university, Chandigarh

18 Arshi NCHGSR (HUMAN GENOMICS) Panjab university, Chandigarh

19 Jeenam NCHGSR (HUMAN GENOMICS) Panjab University, Chandigarh

20 Mansimran Kaur Department Of Biotechnology, Panjab University

21 Rajinder SinghSagoo Delhi Public School, Amritsar

22 Nitish Kumar UIET, PU, Chandigarh

23 Riya Sharma Department Of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh

24 Vaishali Nanda NCHGSR, Panjab University

25 Aarti Department Of Microbiology, Panjab University

27 Brijeshwar Panjab University

28 Namrata Gill Dr. Harvanshsingh Judge Institute Of Dental Science And Hospital

29 AlicesIkhan RayatBahra University

30 Ekta Panjab University

31 Mahaldeep Kaur Dept Of Microbial Biotechnology, PU-Chd

32 Shivani Chauhan Nchgsr, PU-Chd

33 Tarshveer Singh Dept Of Biotechnology, PU-Chd

34 Vijay Rana Dept Of Botany, PU-Chd

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35 Komal Department Of Biotechnology, PU, Chd

36 Dr. Amita Mahajan Rayatbahra University

37 Neha Dept Of Zoology, PU, Chd

38 Ankit Jain Department Of Biotechnology, PU-Chd

39 Megha Panjab University, Chd

40 Diksha Kumar Panjab University, Chd

41 Divya Sharma Department Of Zoology, Panjab University, Chd

42 Gurdarshan Singh Sggswu, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India

43 Janvi Dept Of Biotechnology, PU-Chd

44 Mansi Sharma Panjab university, Chd

45 Brinder Dept of Biotechnology, PU-Chd

46 Priyanka rani panjab university, Chd

47 Shivali Thakur PU-Chd

48 Simran Dept Of Zoology, PU-Chd

49 Surbhi Batra Department Of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh

50 Yashika Gupta Department Of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh

51 Vidhu Kaushik UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh

53 Pardeep Singh Department Of Biotechnology, Panjab University

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54 Kajal Panjab University, Chandigarh

55 Harshita Dr. Harvanshsingh Judge Institute Of Dental Sciences, PU, Chd.

56 Prem Lata Rbumohali

57 Sheetal Career Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh

58 Sonika UIET, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh

59 Muskan UIET, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh

60 Nainpriya Babbar Panjab University

61 Rupinder Kaur Goswami Ganeshduttsd College, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT PARTICIPATION

S.no. Name Affiliation Title Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute 1 Jashanpreet Covid-19 And Dentistry Of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh UIET, Panjab University, Sector 25, 2 Geetika Gupta Time To Go To The Molecular Level Chandigarh Understanding The Regulation Of Β- Department Of Biochemistry, Catenin Expression And Activity In 3 YogainTaank Panjab University, Chandigarh Colorectal Cancer Carcinogenesis: Beyond Destruction Complex Impact Of Geographical Location On Dav University, Sarmastpur, 4 Manish Thakur The Antibacterial Activity Of Jalandhar - 144012, Punjab CassythaFiliformis

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In-Silico Identification AndComaprison Of Anterior-Posterior Patterning Gene 5 Anshika DAV University, Jalandhar Eve And Ftz Enhancer In Drosophila Melanogaster And Triboliumcastaneum

Morphological And Molecular Analysis Department Of Zoology, Panjab 6 Kharoonnissa Of A Species Of Hennogoides University Reported First Time Of Punjab India

Comparative Analysis Of Enhancers Of 7 Shubham Kapil DAV University, Jalandhar Dorsal-Ventral Patterning Genes In Drosophila And Tribolium Mammalian SWI/SNF Chromatin Department Of Biotechnology, Remodeling Complexes: Emerging 8 GurleenKaur Panjab University, Chandigarh Mechanisms AndTherapeutic Strategies Department Of Botany, Panjab CRISPR-Cas9 Tool For Precision 9 Harmanpreet Kaur University Breeding Role Of Tyramine Receptors As Targets Department Of Botany, Panjab 10 Ipsa Gupta For The Biopesticidal Activity Of Plant University, Chandigarh Essential Oils.

Biochemical Analysis OfGestation DefenceInstitute Of High 11 Preeti Kumari Period And Parturition Of Indigenous Altituderesearch, DRDO Cattle Breed Of Ladakh: Ladakhi Cow

Thaumatin Like Protein Kinases: 12 Alok Sharma Dept. Of Botany, Pu-Chd Genomic Exploration And Expression Analysis In Major Cereal Crops

Mode Of Action Of Anti Diabetic Anmoldeep Kaur Dept. Of Botany, Pu-Chd 13 Plants Micro And Macro Algae As Potential 14 Diksha Goyal Dept Of Botany, PU-Chd Fertilizers In The Era Of Make In India

LC-MS-Based Phytochemical Department OfBotany, Panjab 15 Dr. Rupali Jandrotia Characterization Of Different Plant University, Chandigarh Parts Of BarringtoniaAcutangula

16 Ritu Singh Panjab University It's Not All In The DNA!

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Identification, Characterization And 17 Madhu Dept Of Botany, PU-Chd Expression Profiling Of Glutathione Reductase Genes In Five Crops

In The Service Of Mankind: From 18 Mallika Nanda Dept Of Anthropology, Pu-Chd Ethnoscience To Anthropology

Behavioral Response Of Nila Tilapia In DC And PDC Electric Field, Evaluation Nabanita Dept Of Marine Science, 19 Of Electroanaesthesia For Short Term Chakraborty University OfCalcutta Anaesthesia In Nile Tilapia( OreochromisNiloticus)

20 Parneet Kaur Panjab University It's Not All In The DNA!

Evaluation of some blood biochemical Defense institute of High Altitude - 21 Preetikumari parameter during gestation and DRDO, Chd parturition period in Ladhakhi cattle

22 Rai Singh Panjab University Weed Species: A Boon Or A Bane

23 Srishti Jaswal Dept Of Botany, PU-Chd It's Not All In The DNA! Arogyada:Granter Of Good Centre Of Public Health, Health:Including Myths And 24 Anjuman brar PanjabUniversity Sector 14 Awareness Regarding Menstruation In ,Chandigarh Girls 25 Richa Dimri PU,Chd Its Not All In The DNA

In Vitro Micropropagartion Of 26 Sushila Rani Dept Of Botany Berginialeculata An Endangered Medicinal Plant Β-Pinene Confers Protection ToCr Department OfBotany, Panjab Exposed Maize Plants Studied At 27 Dr. Priyanka University, Chandigarh Morphological, Physiological, Biochemical And Ultra-Structural Level

28 Sapanpreet Kaur Panjab university, Chd

Curcumine Effect On Growth Of 29 Shivali puri Gndu, Amritsar Second Instar Larvae

UIET, Panjab University, Sector 25, 30 Dharavath Chandu Chandigarh

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E-POSTER PARTICIPATION

S.no. Name Affiliation Title

Department Of Botany, Genetic Control OfFlavonoid 1 Arshpreet Kaur Panjab University, Biosynthetic Pathway Chandigarh Artificial Intelligence AsBrahamastra Of 2 Jyoti Rustagi Pggcg-11, Chandigarh India

Department Of Botany, Role Of Tyramine Receptors As Targets 3 Ipsa Gupta Panjab University, For The Biopesticidal Activity Of Plant Chandigarh Essential Oils.

Protective Gears Ppe And Surgical Masks 4 Ameesha Verma Pggcg-11, Chandigarh Significant Life Saver In 2020 Reuse Post Graduate Govt. Becoming the top global player: can 5 Prachi Gupta College For Girls, Sec. – 11 renewable energy act as fuel? (Pu) Post Graduate Govt. 6 Swati College For Girls, Sec. – 11 AyushCluster Development (Pu) Department Of Botany, Unraveling The Role Of MADS-Bore Gene 7 Himani Panjab Unversity Family In Vanilla Planifolia Post Graduate Govt. 8 Shveta Rani College For Girls, Sec. – 11 GFP ( GreenFluroscent Protein) (Pu) Post Graduate Govt. Microplastic In Oceans Effecting Marine 9 Farhat Majid College For Girls, Sec. – 11 Life (Pu) Post Graduate Govt. Role Of Herbal Plant In Boosting 10 Divya Khasa College For Girls, Sec. – 11 Immunity Against Covid-19 (Pu)

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Post Graduate Govt. Role Of Herbal Plant In Boosting 11 Deepti College For Girls, Sec. – 11 Immunity Against Covid-19 (Pu) Post Graduate Govt. Pectinase Production By Aspergillus 12 Himani Chawla College For Girls, Sec. – 11 Niger Using Fruit Waste Peel (Pu) Post Graduate Govt. Pectinase Production By Aspergillus 13 Gargi Chauhan College For Girls, Sec. – 11 Niger Using Fruit Waste Peel (Pu) Biochemical Analysis OfGestation Period DefenceInstitute Of High 14 Preeti Kumari And Parturition Of Indigenous Cattle Altituderesearch, DRDO Breed Of Ladakh: Ladakhi Cow

Department Of Botany, 15 Paramjeet Kaur Science Innovations In Make In India Panjab Unversity

Department Of Botany, 16 Aastha Sharda Science Innovation In Make In India Panjab University Department Of Development Of Optical Nanosensors 17 Dr. Neha Bhardwaj Biotechnology, PU, For Detection Of Food Toxins Chandigarh

FC Road, Shivajinagar, Micelles: A Novel Strategy ForDrug 18 Ketan Deodatt Kulkarni Pune. Delivery

Nuclear Factor Y, The Key Player In Plant Department Of Botany, Growth And Development: Identification 19 Devina ghai Panjab University And Characterization In Dendrobium Catenatum Deciphering The Role Of Mechanosensitive Channel Of Small Department Of Botany, 20 Amandeep Kaur Conductance Like In Six Cereal Crops And Panjab University Functional Validation Of In TAMSLS-D In Saccromyces Cerevisiae Efficiency Of Nanoscopic Nature Of 21 Dhvani Panjab University Graphene Dots In Wastewater Management

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Efficiency Of Nanoscopic Nature Of 22 Diamond Panjab University Graphene Dots In Wastewater Management

Dept Of Zoology, PGGC 23 Gunjan AsafoetidaCultivation InIndia Girls, Sec 11, Chd

BOR Gene Family: Molecular, 24 Himanshu Sharma Dept Of Botany, PU-Chd Evolutionary And Expressional Insights In Five Major Crops Behavioral Response Of Nila Tilapia In DC And PDC Electric Field, Evaluation Of Dept Of Marine Science, 25 Nabanita Chakraborty Electroanaesthesia For Short Term University OfCalcutta Anaesthesia In Nile Tilapia( OreochromisNiloticus)

PG Govt College ForGirls- Artificial Intelligence AsBrahmastraIn 28 Prof Anita Kaushal 11 Indian Healthcare

Asafoetida Cultivation InIndia, Role Of 29 Dr. Ravneetkaur PGGCG-11 Chd Herbal Plants In Boosting Immunity Against COVID-19 Becoming The Top Global Player: Can RENEWABLE ENERGY ACT AS 30 Dr. Sandaldeep Kaur PGGCG-11 Chd FUEL?,Pectinase Production By Aspergillus Niger Using Fruit Waste Efficiency Of Nanoscopic Nature Of 31 Shobhit Dawra Panjab University Graphene Dots In Wastewater Management In Vitro Micropropagartion Of 32 Sushila Rani Dept Of Botany Berginialeculata An Endangered Medicinal Plant

Botany Deptt, KVA DAV Applications Of Machine Learning In 33 Dr. Ashima Gakhar College For Women, Karnal Plant Sciences

Depatment Of Purification AndCharacterisation Of 34 Maanniya Biotechnology,Pu,Chd Selected Plant Lectins

Role Of Homeobox Gene Family In 35 Madhvi Kanchan Deptt Of Botany, Pu,Chd, Various Aspects Of Plant Growth And Development

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Diasarming Of Metal Induced Antibiotic Resistance In Salmonella Enterica 36 Sripratyusha Gandham Niab-Hyderabad Serovar Typhimurium Using A Combination Of Plumbagin And AmpicilinIn A Murine Model GGDSD College, Sec 32C, Production And Medium Optimisation Of 37 Abhinashi Singh Sodhi Chandigarh Fungal Pigments

Department Of Zoology, Trends InMobile Usage Pattern Among 38 Deepti Chaudhary Panjab University, Chd Youth During Covid19

PG Govt College for Girls, Microplastics In Oceans Affecting Marine 39 Dr. Umesh Bharti Sec 11 Life

Dept Of Botany, Panjab 40 Dr Jaspreet Kaur University, Chd Allelopathic Inhibition Of Growth And Dept Of Botany, Panjab 41 Kulwinder Kaur Germination Of Senna Occidentalis By University, Chd VerbesinaencelioidesResidues

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Impact of geographical location on the antibacterial activity of Cassythafiliformis Manish Thakur1, Tejinder Kaur2, Rashmi Sharma1 1Department of Microbiology, D.A.V University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar- 144012, Punjab INDIA 2Department of Zoology, D.A.V University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar- 144012, Punjab INDIA

ABSTRACT

Medicinal plants are widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of different diseases that cause infections. Infectious diseases caused by bacteria have a large impact on public health. The present study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the medicinal plant Cassythafiliformis collected from three different sites- Bilaspur (Himachal Pradesh, India), Chamba (Himachal Pradesh, India), and Jalandhar (Punjab, India). The plant sample was taken from three different locations to analyze the impact of geographical location on its bactericidal potential. Methanol extracts of the plant samples were prepared and tested for their antibacterial efficacy against five different bacterial species, two of which were Gram- positive (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and three were Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The antimicrobial potential of the plant was tested by the well diffusion method. All the plant extracts showed antibacterial activity, especially against the Gram-positive bacteria. Interestingly, the extracts of C. filiformis collected from Bilaspur showed the highest antibacterial activity as compared to those collected from Chamba and Jalandhar.

Role of tyramine receptors as targets for the biopesticidal activity of plant essential oils.

Ipsa Gupta and Dr. Daizy R. Batish Email- [email protected]

Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh

Abstract

The surge for an ecofriendly alternative to chemical pesticides has led to the popularization of biopesticides over the past few decades. Plant essential oils have been readily used for this purpose. These constitute plant secondary metabolites that are naturally synthesized in the plant systems. Terpenes constitute the major portion of plant essential oils and have been utilized as biopesticides. One of the most prevalent molecular

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targets of plant essential oils is tyramine receptor that controls and alters insect/pest metabolism and behavior. Tyramine is a low molecular mass biogenic amine and acts as neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Tyramine receptors are primarily found in invertebrates and are targeted by plant essential oils leading to pest mortality. They belong to the G protein-coupled receptors family. The specific binding of various terpenoid compounds to tyramine receptors of pests has been reported. Upon activation, tyramine receptor causes an intracellular increase in Ca2+ concentration and a reduction in cAMP concentration. The effects of interaction between tyramine receptors and plant essential oils have been summarized.

Keywords: Essential oil, Terpenes, Tyramine, Biopesticide

Thaumatin-like protein kinases: genomic exploration and expression analysis in major cereal crops

Alok sharma and santosh kumar upadhyay Department of botany, panjab university, chandigarh, india-160014 Email id- [email protected] ABSTRACT

Thaumatin-like protein kinases (TLPKs) are member of Pathogenesis related-5 (PR-5) family. PR-5 family is well recognized for their involvement against various biotic and abiotic stress agents. TLPK proteins are known to be involved in various antimicrobial and plant defense activities. In the present study, we have identified two TLPKs in Brachypodiumdistachyon and Oryza sativa, four in Hordeum vulgare and Sorghum bicolor, and 16 in Triticum aestivum. Chromosomal distribution analysis showed the localization of all TLPKs at a single chromosome in all four cereals except T. aestivum, where they were located on chromosome 2 and chromosome 3. Evolutionary analysis suggested the role of duplication events and purifying selection pressure in the expansion of TLPK gene family. Gene architecture analysis showed the intron-less nature of most of the TLPKs with nearly equal distribution in 0, 1 and 2 phases. Each TLPK comprised of a thaumatin and a kinase domain along with a transmembrane (TM) helix. Moreover, each TLPK had a thaumatin family signature motif "GX[GF]XCXT[GA]DCX(1,2)GX(2,3)C", sixteen cysteine residues and a "REDDD" motif. Expression analysis of TLPKs showed significant upregulation of these genes in various vegetative and reproductive tissues of studied cereal crops. Moreover, under abiotic and biotic stress condition, TaTLPKs showed the differential expression, which indicates their putative roles in stress resistance. Interactome analysis suggested the interaction of TLPKs with various stress and development responsive genes, which further dictates their involvement in plant development and defense mechanisms. q-RT PCR of selected TaTLPKs validated variable expression of these genes under heat, drought, combined heat and drought and salt stress treatments, which advocates their importance in stress tolerance. 156

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Keywords: Co-expression; Duplication event; Expression analysis; Pathogenesis-related 5; Thaumatin-like protein kinases

Mode of action of some antidiabetic plants Anmoldeep Kaur Panjab University, Chandigarh [email protected] ABSTRACT Diabetes is one of the nation’s most prevalent and costly diseases. For diabetes, frequent insulin treatment is very expensive and may increase anti-insulin antibody production, which may cause unwanted side effects. Corosolic acid may also have some efficacy in the treatment of diabetes, but without induction of anti- insulin antibodies. Recently, corosolic acid from Lagerstroemia speciosaL. leaf extracts has been reported to act via an indirect mechanism in animal experiment. So, the presentation provides roles of corosolic acid & hypothetical information on the biosynthetic pathway in plants.

CRISPR-Cas9: Tool for Precision breeding

Harmanpreet Kaur Baghapurana, Punjab Department Of Botany, Panjab University [email protected]

ABSTARCT CRISPR-Cas9 is a modern technique of genome editing. The bacterial adaptive immune system gives us idea for its use in precision breeding that revolutionized plant research. This technique is the need of today’s world. It is simplest, most versatile and precise method of genetic engineering. CRISPR toolbox can enhance the development of genetically pathogen resistant crops for sustainable agriculture. Its an ongoing field of research. Daily new findings are here. CRISPR technique is like a Pandora box which can edit and alter the genome as we require. This is my abstract for presentation

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Micro and macro algae as potential fertilizers in the era of make in india Diksha Goyal Department of Botany, Panjab University ABSTRACT India is an agricultural country with a huge dependence on inorganic fertilizers. Despite having a coastline of 7,516.6 km, which is rich in algal resources, the immense potential of these algal species as biofertilizers is still unexplored in our country. Algae are the primary producers in most water bodies, and their growth is naturally stimulated by organic effluents and mineral nutrients (Sen et al., 2013). As incidences of diffuse pollution increase due to anthropogenic activity, the size and frequency of algal blooms is also on the rise. The aim is to promote resource efficiency in the fertiliser sector as well as help the farmers become more competitive in recycling organic nutrients compared to purchasing inorganic fertilisers (European Economic and Social Committee, 2016). It serves dual function of reducing energy consumption and environmental damage. Active harvest of algal biomass by diverting agriculture runoff to water bodies (Wuang et.al.,2016) can be employed in Northern and Central regions of the country. This will prevent the unnecessary phenomenon of eutrophication and can be utilised as a sustainable source of organic fertilizers and soil conditioner. Macroalgal species from the coastal regions can be specially cultivated and mass harvested for biofertilizer production.In 2020, India imported fertilizers worth more than 528 billion Indian Rupees. Due to the recent Corona pandemic, GoI’s funds have reduced significantly. A proposal to reduce the fertilizer subsidy budget to 80% of its allocation of FY2021 has been presented. Usage of algal biofertilizers will decrease India’sdependence on imports and make farming more sustainable, which is in line with the make in India mission, thus following in the footprints of a self-dependent nation.

LC-MS-based phytochemical characterization of different plant parts of

Barringtoniaacutangula

Rupali Jandrotia*, Aditi Sharma, Daizy R. Batish

Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT The formation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a natural repercussion of the aerobic metabolism.

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Despite being important secondary messengers the detoxification of ROS is necessary to maintain homeostasis which is done by cellular antioxidant machinery composed of both enzymatic components and non-enzymatic components. B. acutangula (L.)Gaertn.is traditionally used for a wide range of medicinal purposes in folklore medicine. Although, leaf extract has very strong in vitro antioxidant potential, however, no work was to establish the antioxidant potential of different plant parts of B. acutangula. Therefore, to obtain a complete metabolite profile of different plant parts, phytochemical characterization different plant parts of B. acutangula was done through LC-MS/MS. LC-MS/MS analysis yielded a total of 381, 355, 388, 283 and 255 compounds from the leaves, bark, flowers, fruits and seeds sample of the plant, respectively. The LC-MS profile highlighted the presence of a large fraction of compounds corresponding to the class polyphenols. Polyphenols constituted of 49%, 43%, 48%, 38% and 49% of total compounds in leaves, bark, flowers, fruits and seeds sample of the plant respectively. The second most abundant class belongs to alkaloids which constituted 24%, 25%, 27%, 36% and 28% respectively leaves, bark, flowers, fruits and seeds sample of the plant. Cluster analyses of the metabolite dataset of LC-MS data showed that fruits and seeds of the plant stand out separate than the other plant parts indicating them to be metabolically different than the other plant parts. The results demonstrated that the plant contains an appreciable amount of phenolic compounds which are famous for their strong chain breaking antioxidant activity. Therefore, the plant may be used as a potential source of antioxidant in future.

Evaluation of electroanaesthesia for short term anaesthesia in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Nabanita Chakraborty1*, K P Biswas2, Tarun Kumar De1

1 University of Calcutta, Department of Marine Science, Kolkata, India 2 Ex-guest faculty, Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India *[email protected]

ABSTRACT We have investigated the threshold Current densities (µA/mm2) and Voltage gradient(V/Cm) which induce anaesthesia in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Direct current(DC) and three low frequency Pulsed Direct current(PDC) of 1Hz, 3Hz and 6 Hz. The induction and recovery time, opercular beats (per minute) before exposure and 10 minutes after recovery and blood glucose response at 1hr, 2 hr and 6hr after exposure were also investigated. All the current types in this study were effective in anaesthetizing O niloticus with fast induction and rapid recovery period in 100% fishes. The threshold values of Current densities (µA/mm2) and Voltage gradient (V/Cm) for inducing anaesthesia was higher in DC than PDCs. For PDC the threshold values were observed to decrease with increasing pulse frequencies. We did not foundany significant difference in induction period and recovery times between the DC and PDCs. Opercular movenments were significantly lower (P< 0.05) in DC, PDC 1 Hz and PDC 3 Hz after 10 min of recovery from anaesthesia. The change of blood glucose level observed in this study was consistent with the 159

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generalized stress response. The results of this study indicate that electro anesthesia can be used for collection of morphometric data and noninvasive procedures where immediate release of fish is required. Results demonstrated that electroanaesthesia proffers a cost effective, ecofriendly alternative of chemical anesthetics for aquaculture activities in Oreochromis niloticus. Key words: Electroanaesthesia, induction, recovery, Oreochromis niloticus

Evaluation of some blood biochemical parameters during gestation and parturition period in Ladakhi cattle Preeti Kumari1, Vijay K Bharti*1, Arup Giri1, Yogesh Singh1, Tilak Raj1 and Indu Sharma2 1 DRDO-Defence Institute of high altitude research (DIHAR), Leh- Ladakh 2Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh Abstract Ladakhi cattle is the native breed of the Leh-Ladakh region, adapted to high altitude harsh environmental conditions and having pure and unique genomic makeup. Its milk is a prime source of nutrients for the local population with high protein, vitamins, and fat contents compared to other cattle breeds. Although the milk quality is high, but in respect of milk production, Ladakhi cattle have low milk productivity due to poor milk production genetic potential and resource availability. Apart from that, Ladakhi cattle has not been studied for their reproductive health problems at high altitude, due to which it is crucial to study the reproductive physiology at different phases of reproduction, viz gestation period and parturition. The blood samples were collected from 07 number of Ladakhi cow in a clot activator vacutainer on random days in 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester of gestation, and 0th day and 14th day after parturition. Therefore, serum was isolated and biochemical analysis of parameters like Albumin (ALB) mg/dL, Calcium (Ca) mg/dL, Creatinine mg/dL, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) U/L, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) U/L, Triglyceride (TG) mg/dL, Magnesium (Mg) mg/dL, Total Protein (TP) g/dL, Uric acid (UA) mg/dl, Urea mg/dL and Glucose mg/dL. The result showed no significant difference in biochemical parameters among 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester of the gestation period. Whereas, during parturition, Glucose and AST were decreased, while the TG and Urea values increased as compared to 0th to 14thday. However, no significant difference was observed in ALB, Ca, Mg, ALT, TP, UA, and Creatinine values from 0th to 14th day of parturition. Therefore, the present study concludes that more hormonal and molecular studies are necessarily required to understand the variation in biochemical parameters in gestation and parturition stages of Ladakhi cattle. Keywords: Biochemical, Gestation period, High-altitute, Ladakhi cow, Parturition. *Corresponding author address: Dr Vijay K Bharti, M.V.Sc., PhD. Scientist-E,

DRDO-Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research, Leh-Ladakh-194101.

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Β-pinene confers protection to cr exposed maize plants studied at morphological, physiological, biochemical and ultra-structural level

Priyanka Mahajan*, Daizy R. Batish Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The advancement in industrial as well as anthropogenic activities lead to degradation of environment due to accumulation of heavy metals at an alarming rate. Among various heavy metals, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has been identified as an obnoxious metal due to its toxic effects on flora and fauna. Being an important component of many industries, Cr metal cannot be eliminated completely from the environment, hence, various methodologies should be developed to mitigate its phytotoxic effects. It was hypothesized that β-pinene (non-oxygenated monoterpene) – a natural plant product, ameliorates the toxic effect of Cr(VI) in Zea mays without imposing any threat to plants. Hence, in the present study Zea mays plants were grown in the pots filled with soil and treated with Cr (250 and 500 µM) supplemented in the form of potassium dichromate and β-pinene (10 µM) mixed with tween-20 (as surfactant) under experimental dome. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five independent replications of each treatment including control. It is observed that the plant growth assessed in terms of root and shoot length and dry matter content declined on exposure to Cr. It also disrupted the cell membrane evident from changes in malondialdehyde content (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL) and conjugated dienes (CD). Moreover, Cr also induced changes in the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of the leaves. However, the addition of β-pinene (10 µM) to Cr affected plants significantly reduced the toxic effects of Cr. The various changes were also seen at ultra-structural level.

Weed Species: A Boon or a Bane Rai Singh and M. C. Sidhu

Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014.

[email protected]

Abstract Weeds are generally believed to be the plant species growing in an area where not required. They usually compete with the major field crops for food, light and space there by reducingtheagronomic yield of the concerned crop. But all weed species are not always harmfulespecially when growing in waste places. 161

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Number of weeds are used in traditional medicinesto take care of human health since time immemorial. These include, Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet., Achyranthus aspera L., Argemone mexicana L., Calotropis procera (Willed) R. Br., Cannabis sativa L., Chenopodium album L.,Digeramuricata(L.) Mart.,EcliptaprostrataL Euphorbia hirta L., Fumaria indicaPugsl.Ipomoeatriloba L., Sidacordifolia L., etc.Asper the available literature, Cynodondactlon (L.) Pers., Cyperusrotundus L., PhysalisangulataL.,TribulusterrestrisL.Withaniasomnifera (L.) Dunal etc. are exclusively used inthe management of a serious disease ‘Diabetes’. Cannnabis sativa L., Lantana camaraL., Solanum nigrum L., Xanthium strumarium L. etc. are useful in the treatment of cancer. Recent developments in urbanization, industrialization and ever-growing population hasthreatened the existence. Weed species even in their wild habitats, weed species of medicinalimportance are really boon however only of the weed species growing in agriculture crops arebane. Therefore, need of the hour is to allow these species to stay in the waste lands forconservation so that these can be exploited for health care as per requirements.

IT’S NOT ALL IN THE DNA!

Srishti Jaswal, Parneet Kaur, Richa Dimri, Ritu Singh Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT The field of Epigenetics originated in 1940s. The modern genetics and technology of DNA analysis have revealed that there is a complex relationship between organism’s phenotype and its environment. There is in addition to the genetic information, another layer of information, epigenome which influence phenotype of the organisms. Since its origin, epigenetic research has accelerated rapidly. We will discuss some selected cases from plant research to illustrate the phenomenon of epigenetics from toadflax populations studied by Linneaus in the eighteenth century to the recent epigenetic understanding of how plants recognize different seasons, etc. At last, some future implications in how we can use epigenetic information to increase crop yield will be discussed.

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Comparative analysis of enhancers of Dorsal-ventral patterning genes in Drosophila and Tribolium Subham Kapil1, Rupinder Sayal2 and Tejinder Kaur 1

1Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jalandhar

2Department of Biochemistry, DAV University, Jalandhar Abstract

Developmental processes of any organism depend upon regulation of gene and their expression. Gene expressions are controlled by a specialized machinery or mechanism. Multiple sequence specific DNA binding proteins and co-regulators control gene expression. But the ultimate target of this transcriptional machinery is the initiation of transcription. Enhancers plays major role in transcriptional process. These enhancers are cis-regulatory modules/elements, non-coding DNA sequences containing multiple activator and repressor binding sites range from 200 bp to 1 kb in length and upstream to the promoter or within the first intron of the regulatory gene. The gene regulatory network controlling axis formation in insects has undergone drastic evolutionary changes. A detailed understanding of enhancer mechanism and enhancer evolution is necessary to determine how changes in gene expression in different lineages can lead to novel phenotypes. Here we are investigating enhancers of genes involved in Dorso-Ventral (DV) patterning in Drosophilamelanogaster and Triboliumcastaneum. To look at conserved and evolved features of DV patterning in insects, we have chosen to investigate DV patterning gene enhancers in the red flour beetle Triboliumand compare them to orthologous gene enhancers of Drosophila. We used bioinformatics tools to predict, annotate and test orthologous enhancer sequences from these two species for identification of binding sites. Since DV patterning is controlled by a combination of transcription factors, viz., Dorsal, Twist, Snail, Su(H) and Zelda. We have used JASPAR database for the motif data for these proteins, and used them to look for clusters of binding sites in 20 kb flanking regions for these genes.

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In-Silico identification and comparison of Anterior-Posterior Patterning Gene even skipped and Fushi-tarazu Enhancers in Drosophila melanogaster and Triboliumcastaneum Anshika1, Tejinder Kaur1 1Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jalandhar Abstract Transcriptional enhancers are segments of non-coding DNA, which contain binding sites for multiple transcription factors, and are responsible for spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression in metazoans. A detailed understanding of enhancer mechanism and enhancer evolution is necessary to determine how changes in gene expression in different lineages can lead to novel phenotypes. In this study, we are investigating enhancers of genes involved in Anterior-Posterior (A-P) patterning in Drosophila melanogaster and Triboliumcastaneum. The Anterior-Posterior patterning is initiated by transcriptional factor Bicoid, Hunchback and caudal, responsible for segmentation in insects. To look at conserved and evolved features of A-P patterning in insects, we have chosen to investigate A-P patterning gene enhancers in the red flour beetle Triboliumcastaneum, and will compared them to orthologous gene enhancers of Drosophila. We are using bioinformatics tool to predict enhancer sequences from these two species by using the Cluster-Buster tool for identification of binding sites. Since A-P patterning is controlled by a combination of transcription factors, we will use JASPAR database for the motif data for these proteins, and use them to look for clusters of binding sites in 20 kb flanking regions for these genes.

Time to go to the molecular level Geetika gupta UIET, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh ABSTRACT Time to go to the molecular level We all know we started our lives with no knowledge of how we were born or what we needed to do for for the life, we did not even know about ourselves but gradually as time passed and early men started revolutioniaing the things ,they did start observing themselves and made things that made their lives easier and started observing their bodies and started eating animals nearby and they did start realising what to eat and what not over the time. Now that time was millions of millions years ago but in recent years man has started realising what is the the basic knowledge that is required to have by a human like knowing ourselves is the first thing so those people who started working in this field like to know ourselves and what to do and what not to Improve the quality of the life became famous as scientists, these

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days scientist has the highest reputation among all occupations they have to think of the new ideas and inventions .Initially people had nothing to deal with pain but gradually over the time they started making painkillers and all first of all they had Ayurvedic terms but nowadays we have stepped onto the medical terms also now we have medicines of all kind to treat every kind of disease and this clearly shows what kind of revolution we have Jumped now we still think we have solved every problem and we have rea.ched the maximum umit of our brains but no this is wrong the maximum limit is infinity we Just need to explore ,search and find new things about ourselves to get to know ourselves a little more although this is the time when we know each and everything about our bodies ,our brains, everything we should do and we should not but still there are many things to be found out. Initially we started with a very broad view but now we have reached the molecular level we krnow about cells which are the basic building blocks of our bodies so we have started working with our cells. We have made medicines that interact with our cells and this shows how much extreme level we have reached but still there are many diseases which have no cure like Cancer, arthritis, we still have to go more and more into this field and to search the Cure for all these things after all we have come this much far so future journey becomes essential thing to cover.Solets dive into even more depth of molecular level.

Mammalian SWI/SNF Chromatin RemodelingComplexes: Emerging Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies Richard C. Centore,1 Gabriel J. Sandoval,1 Luis Miguel Mendes Soares,1 Cigall Kadoch,2,3, * and Ho Man Chan4, *

ABSTRACT Gene regulation is crucial for the proper execution of all biological processes. The >3.2 billionbase-pairs of DNAs in every human cell are compacted into higher order chromatin structures, dynamic regulation of which is critical to ensure the proper timing, location, and sequence ofevents. Over 20% of human cancers carry amutation in mSWI/SNF complex subunitgenesMistargeting of mSWI/SNF activity bydisease-relevant transcription factorscontributes to oncogenic gene expressionprograms. Targetable synthetic lethal opportunitiesexist for cancers harboring perturbationsinmSWI/SNF subunits.The presence of alternate SWI/SNFcomplex subtypes and variants enablescomplex-specificpharmacologicaltargeting. Discovery and development of novel, subunit-specific small-molecule inhibitorsand degraders are ongoing to treat various types of the cancers and further examinations of diseases and cancers can be made easy to diagnose in early stages.

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Morphological and Molecular analysis of a species of Hennegoides (Cnidaria:

Myxosporea) reported first time from Punjab India. Kharoon Nissa, Harpreet Kaur* Department of Zoology, Panjab University Chandigarh, India. Email: [email protected] Abstract Myxozoans are small microscopic endoparasites belonging to the phylum Cnidaria and contribute at least 20% of phylum Cnidaria. They are divided into 60 genera and more than 2300 species recorded.The present study is the first report the genus Hennegoides from India infecting gills of catfish Sperataseenghala. This genus was created on the basis of asymmetrical myxospores with non-axially attached caudal extensions, polar filaments arranged in elliptical turns lying in the longitudinal axis of the capsule. During present study Prominent pale, thread-like plasmodia of Hennegoidesseenghalae n. sp. were observed on the gills and histological examination located them in the epithelial lining of the gill filament (Intrafilamental epithelial type, FE). The prevalence was 32% (12 fish were infected out of 37 examined). The myxospores were closely compared morphologically with six known species of the genus from Indo-Malayan region and another recently reported from the USA. Molecular analysis based on 18S rDNA sequence (1947bp) as indicated 80% to 91% sequence similarity with other myxozoan parasites (Myxobolus, Henneguya, HennegoidesandUnicauda). The most closely related species was Hennegoides pangasii, and was placed with the present species in the same subclade.

Curcumin effect on growth of second instar larvae of bactroceracucurbitae ShivaliPuri and Satwinderkaursohal Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India (143001). [email protected] Abstract The use of harmful chemicals for pest management had increased in last few years. They are effective against insect pests and thus helps in increasing crop production but at the same time these harmful persticides had adverse effects on the biotic and abiotic components of the environment. Therefore, there is urgent need to find alternatives of these harmful chemicals which can be used in pest management and are safe for the environment. Phenolic compounds are one of the naturally occuring secondary metabolites

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present in plants, which are used by them against insect pests. Curcumin is a naturally occuring phenolic compound present in plants which has not been explored much for its effect on insect pests. In present study we have explored the effect of curcumin on Bactroceracucurbitae which is a major pest of cucurbit crops throughout the world. The effect of curcumin was studied on percent pupation and percent emergence of second instar larvae. The larvae were fed on artificial diet incorporated with 5, 25, 125, 625 and 3125ppmconcentration of curcumin including control. of the larvae. The findings thus revealed a toxic effect of curcumin on growth of B. cucurbitae larvae.

Ethnomedicine: A safety valve in Pandemic *Mallika Nanda* * M.Sc. 1st year Student, Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT At the peak of COVID-19 pandemic which shuddered the whole world through human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2, devouring numerous lives the traditional medicinal knowledge envisaged to provide some favourableeffect. Here is where the ethnomedicine (traditional medicinal knowledge) evolved as a promising cure for global panic. The ethnomedical perspective focuses on health beliefs and practices, cultural values, and social roles. Originally limited to the study of primitive or folk medicine, ethnomedicine has come to mean the health maintenance system of any society. Health ethnographies encompass beliefs, knowledge, and values of specialists and lay people; the roles of healers, patients or clients, and family members; the implements, techniques, and pharmacopoeias of specialists; legal and economic aspects of health practices; and symbolic and interpersonal components of the experience of illness. The indigenous people of the world possess an immense knowledge of their environment, based on centuries of living close to the nature. People’s knowledge and perceptions of the environment, and their relationships with it, are often important elements of cultural identity. Anthropology is a comparative and integrated discipline that examines all societies, ancient and modern as well as simple and complex. Anthropology studies organic or biological factors as well as social and cultural factors of human beings. At the onset of the outbreak, some people made light of the spread of the virus until WHO declared it a pandemic. The hospitals became full and the morgues could not take in more dead bodies. Fear creeped in, panic buying filled the air and then the restrictions set in causing an unprecedented global lock-down. Many people began resorting to herbal remedies, natural roots and foods from plants such as garlic, ginger, turmeric, onion, cucumber, broccoli and other naturals. The idea was that these natural products are good at boosting the immune system and would enable the body to fight the virus. Medical science has enabled improvements to the general healthcare and wellbeing of the average person. In the light of the prevalent loss and threatened future of ethnoscience, it is important to preserve it in a contemporary format that would be familiar to the future generation. Preservation also empowers the community/country to protect its knowledge from misuse and utilize it for

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better development. Given the discipline’s long-standing concern for addressing environmental and cultural problems. a key question is: how will ethnomedicine reshape itself in a post- COVID-19 world? or will it justify to be the science of survival.

Identification, characterization and expression profiling of glutathione reductase genes in five crops

Madhu and Santosh K. Upadhyay*

Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT Plant cells and tissues remain always on risk under abiotic and biotic stresses due to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants protect themselves against ROS induced oxidative damage by the upregulation of antioxidant machinery. Out of many components of antioxidant machinery, glutathione reductase and glutathione play important role in the protection of cell against oxidative damage. In stress condition, the GR helps in maintaining the reduced glutathione pool for strengthening the antioxidative processes in plants. In our present study, we have identified 19 genes of GR in Triticum aestivum, Brachypodiumdistachyon, Sorghum bicolor, Aegilops tauschii and Triticum urartu. GR has two isoforms, one is chloroplastic and the other one is cytosolic. Chloroplastic isoform consists of targeting signal peptide and cytosolic isoform have cytosolic domain. Domain analysis was done by using SMART server and CDD Blast. The phylogenetic analysis of GR protein indicated evolutionary relatedness among the above studied crops.Gene structure in terms of exon/intron organization and intron-phase, and various physico-chemical properties like molecular weight and isoelectric point were also studied.Expression analysis suggested the probable role of GR in growth and development and also revealed its role in abiotic (heat, drought, combined heat drought and salt, and biotic (fungal pathogen) stress tolerance. Moreover, the co-expression analysis suggested the interaction of GRs with other growth and stress-related genes. This study showed the diverse roles of GR, and it can be further employed for the development of stress-resistant crops in the future. Keywords: Antioxidant, Co-expression, Cytosolic, Exon, Glutathione.

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In vitro Micropropagation of Bergenialigulata – An endangered medicinal plant Sushila Rani1 and Richa Puri2

1,2Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh Corresponding author: Phone: 9467204829 E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Bergenialigulata is an endangered medicinal plant belonging to the Saxifragaceae family and is considered amongst the high valued medicinal herbs. Bergenia species are popularly known due to their antilithiatic and diuretic activities, these species have been traditionally used for treating kidney and urinary bladder stones in the indigenous systems of medicine in India and China. The rhizomes of Bergenialigulata are used as main ingredients in various Ayurvedic and Unani formulations for the treatment of urolithiasis, stomach disorders,leucorrhoea, piles, arthritis and pulmonary infections. The surface sterilization of explants was inoculated on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 30 % sucrose and 8 % agar. The shoots and roots obtained from aseptically grown leaves were inoculated on MS White’s media containing different concentrations and combinations of phytohormones for various morphogenetic responses. The hormonal series maintained were in the range of 1.5-3.0 mg/L for BAP and 0.1-0.3 mg/L for NAA. The best growth of leaf explants was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BAP 3.0 mg/L and BAP 2.0 mg/L+ NAA 0.2 mg/L. After hardening the plants were transferred to the field.

Keywords: Endangered, Phytohormones, Murashige and Skoog’s medium, leaf explants.

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Earth and Environmental Sciences

• Geology • Geography • Earth Sciences

COORDINATOR: Prof. Rajeev Patnaik

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CHASCON – 2020 Earth and Environmental Sciences Schedule for December 18, 2020 Departments of Geology, Geography and Environmental Sciences

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REGISTRANTS

S.no. Name Affiliation 1. Kirtisingh Centre For Public Health, Panjabuniversity

ABSTRACT PARTICIPATION

S.n Name Affiliation Title o. Department Of Geology, Late Miocene Faunal Turnover Among The 1 Deepak Chaudhary Panjab Uiversity, Suidae Of Indian Sub Continent Chandigarh A New Stegodon Molar From 2.6 Ma Upper Geological Institute, RAS, 2 Pranav Ranjan Siwalik Sediments Exposed Around Moscow, Russia Khetpurali, India Department Of Geology, Occurrence, Health Effect And Remediation 3 Tanuj Mahajan Panjab Uiversity, Of Fluoride In India Chandigarh Danswrang Central University 4 Sedimentary Geochemistry Od Shiwalik Brahma OfPunjab, Bathinda Groundwater Quality Assessment At Some 5 Kshipra Kapoor PEC, Chandigarh Areas Of North East Punjab Using Design Expert

Goswami Ganesh Dutta Innovation Techniques For Converting Agro 6 Dikshant Sharma S.D. College, Sector-32, Waste Into Useful Products ( Waste To Chandigarh Wealth) National Taiwan Origins Of Keyhole Sand Dollars 7 Jih-Pai Lin University, Department Of (EchinoideaAstriclypeidae) In Taiwan: Geosciences Testing The Indian Hypothesis Microtextural Characteristics Of Quartz Priyadarshan Central University Of 8 Grains Using SEM Paleoenvironmantal Samal Punjab, Bathinda Implication

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Department Of Geology, Development Of Modified Hazard Index: 9 Mahesh Thakur Panjab University, Case Study From TikkarTaal, Morni, NW Chandigarh. Himalaya, India Department Of Geology, Development Of Modified Hazard Index: 10 Raj Kiran Dhiman Panjab University, Case Study From TikkarTaal, Morni, NW Chandigarh. Himalaya, India Nuclear Power Is The Most Reliable Source 11 Ritik Thakur Uiet, Pu-Chd. Of Energy

Department Of Geology, Lower AndMiddle Siwalik Coprolites

Rohit Kumar Panjab University, Assemblage Exposed In Ramnagar(J&K) And 12 Chandigarh. Haritalyangar(H.P.), India.

Geochemical CharactersticsOf Drinking Department Of Geology, AndIrrigation Water Around Northern And 13 Shefali Chander Panjab University, Western Part Of Fazilka District, Punjab, Chandigarh. India Geochemical Signatures Of Groundwater Of 14 Gagandeep Singh Agri Intensive Alluvial Plains Of Northern India

Late Miocene Elasmobranch From The Dr K Milankumar Central University Of Baripada Beds, Odisha, India: 15 Sharma Punjab, Bathinda Paleoenvironmental And Paleobiogeographic Implications

Appraisal Of Non Carcinogenic Human Health Risk Associated With Nitrate In Feed 16 Priyanka Dept Of Env Studies, PU And Treated Water Of Water Treatment Devices (Reverse Osmosis) In South Western Punjab, India

Toxicity Profiling OfMetallosurfactant Based Ruthenium And Ruthenium Oxide 17 Varsha Dogra Dept Of Env Studies, PU Nanoparticle Towards The Eukaryotic Model Organism Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

UIET, Panjab University, Use Of Cocktail Of Enzymes To Treat 18 Pritam Kaur Chandigarh Agricultural Remains: Review

Birbal Sahni Institute Significance Of Fossils In Implementing 19 Mahi Bansal OfPalaeosciences, Phylogenetic Approaches To Reconstruct Lucknow, India Palaeonigeography

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Birbal Sahni Institute Palyonology As A Proxy Tool For 20 Shalini Parmar OfPalaeosciences, Paleoclimate Lucknow, India The Impact Of Urban Green Spaces On Dept Of Env Studies, Pu- 21 Astha Sharma Human Health And Well Being: An Example Chd Of Sukhna Lake Chd.

GGSCW Chandigarh 22 Chanchal Ozone Layer Sector-26

E-POSTER PARTICIPATION

S.No Name Affiliation Title . Petrographic Investigations Of The Department Of Geology, 1 Manisha BekariyaGranitoidss, South Delhi Fold Panjab Uiversity, Chandigarh Belt, Rajasthan, NWIndia

A Review On Vertebrate Palaentology Wasim Abass Department Of Geology, And Stratigraphy Of Oligo- 2 Wazir Panjab Uiversity, Chandigarh MoiceneKargil Formation, Ladakh Molasse Group, Ladakh, India

Medial Wuliuan(Miaolingian) Trilobite Fauna From The Kunzam La (Parahio) Department Of Geology CAS, 3 Garry Singla Formation, SumnaSection (Sumna Panjab University Valley, SpitiRegion) And Biostratigraphic Age Implications

Crocodilian Remains From The Late NongmaithemAm Central University Of Punjab, 4 Miocene Deposit Of Kutch Basin, ardas Singh Bathinda, Punjab Gujarat, India

Petrographic Investigations Of The Department Of Geology, 5 ParampreetKaur BekariyaGranitoids, South Delhi Fold Panjab University, Chandigarh Belt, Rajasthan, NW India

Department Of Botany, Dr. Ashima Sustainable Hydroponics In India Scopes 6 KvaDav College For Women, Gakhar And Challenges Karnal 175

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Department OfEnvironment Riju Hydrochemistry OfHigh Altitude Lakes 7 Studies, PU

Removal OfCadmium From Soil Using Department OfEnvironmental Biodegradable Chelant ([S, S]- Riya Raina 8 Studies, Panjab University, Ethylenediaminedisuccinic Acid (EDDS)) By CoronopusDidymus

Petrography Of Granitoids Of The Sarara 9 Swati Sharma Dept Of Geology, Pu-Chd Inlier, Banded Gneissic Complex, Rajathan, NW, INDIA Estimation Of Nitrate Concentration In Department Of Geology, Groundwater And Trends In Soil Profile 10 Karanveer Panjab University, Chandigarh. In The Centrally Located District Of Malwa Region, Punjab.

Occurrence And Distribution Of Department Of Geology, 11 RituBala Uranium In The Central Part Of Malwa Panjab University, Chandigarh. Region, Punjab, India.

Study Of Evolutionary Trend In Geology Department Panjab 12 Ankita Singla Microstructure Of Indian Rodent Incisor University Chandigarh From Miocene To Recent

Petrological Investigations Of The Jaideep Kaur Department OfGeology, Panjab 13 Sendra Granitoid Complex, Southern Tiwana University; Chandigarh Delhi Fold Belt, Rajasthan, NW India.

Petrographic Characterization Of The Department OfGeology, Panjab 14 Prabhakar Dutta JaisamandGranitoids From The Aravalli University; Chandigarh Fold Belt, Southern Rajasthan, India

PalaeolithicEvidences From The 15 AnubavPreet Kaur IISER, Mohali Chandigarh Siwalik Frontal Range: A Preliminary Study

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Origins of keyhole sand dollars (Echinoidea; Astriclypeidae) in Taiwan: Testing the Indian hypothesis

Ammu Sankar1; Jih-Pai Lin1,*; Rajeev Patnaik2

1Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan 2Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India *Corresponding author: Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan Email address: [email protected](J.-P. Lin) Website: www.trilobite.taipei Keywords: Invertebrate Paleontology; Echinodermata; Clyeasteroida; Paleobiogeography; Cenozoic

Abstract: Clypeasteroids are a group of irregular echinoids, commonly found in shallow water benthic faunas. Some of them have numerous slender indentations on the test while some have anterior or posterior slit like perforations called the lunules. Previous studies have demonstrated that the origins of lunule bearing or keyhole sand dollars have evolved multiple times in different continental margins. Based on the recent systematic revision, the family Astriclypeidae includes the following genera: AmphiopeL. Agassiz, 1840, AstriclypeusVerill, 1867, EchinodiscusLeske, 1778, ParaamphiopeStara&Sanciu, 2014 and SculpsitechinusStara&Sanciu, 2014. Among them, Astriclypeus, Echinodiscusand Sculpsitechinushave good fossil records, and the family ranges from Late Oligocene to Recent in Taiwan. Previously, the workers have hypothesized that Astriclypeidae originated from southern Europe, migrated to India, then moved through Taiwan and reached Japan. Based on our 10-day field trip in Gujarat, India, a dozen specimens belonging to the family Astriclypeidae were recovered from Miocene strata. Those specimens are verysimilar to what was reported as Echinodiscussp. based on the number and shape of lunules. They are distinctly different from the sister taxon Amphiopereported from Europe. Furthermore, the reported fossil occurrences of Astriclypeidae in Europe and India are younger than that in Taiwan. Thus, the previous hypotheses on originations and migration routes of Astriclypeidae should be reconsidered and tested with new data from both Taiwan and India. Re-examination of type specimens are required in order to broaden our knowledge on the evolution of Astriclypeidae.

Occurence, Health Effect and Remediation Of Fluoride In India Tanuj Mahajan andSusantaPaikaray Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India Abstract Fluoride pollution is one of the serious environmental threat worldwide affecting >29 countries including India. More than 20 states of India are affected causing serious problems like dental and skeletal fluorosis to

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~67 million people including ~6 million children under the age of 14 years. Both anthropogenic sources like fertilizer manufacturing plants, metal smelting industries, petroleum refinery etc. and geogenic sources like volcanic eruption, coal beds, fluoride-rich gneisses, granites, charnockites etc greatly contribute to fluoride hazards, Fluorspar/fluorite, fluorapatite, cryolite, topaz and mica are considered major fluoride-rich minerals in nature. The biogeochemical cycle of fluoride from the source to the biosphere is a complex interplay of rock-soil-water-atmosphere-microbes in the environment. The higher concentrations of fluoride have been reported in Rajasthan (0.2–69.0 mg/L), Haryana (0.17–48 mg/L), Delhi (0.4–32 mg/L), Gujarat (1.58–31 mg/L) and Assam (0.2–23 mg/L). Andhra Pradesh is an adversely affected state, while all the 32 districts in Rajasthan are affected by fluoride-rich granites, acid volcanics and basic dikes. Sodic soils act as the source of fluoride in Rewari District of Haryana where highest contents to date is ~48 mg/L, while fluoride-rich mafic minerals responsible in Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. Effects of fluorosis are also documented in Sangrur, Bhathinda, Fazilka, Patiala, Mansa, Faridkot, Muktsar, Moga, Sangrur, Ferozpur districts of Punjab. In India, fluoride management has been undertaken to overcome the fluorosis calamity. The popular techniques used are adsorption by activated alumina, carbon etc., ion exchange resin, coagulation-precipitation and membrane filtration.

The impact of urban green spaces on human health and well ̶ being: an example of sukhna lake, chandigarh Astha Sharma1, Harminder Pal Singh1, Daizy R. Batish2 1 Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India 2 Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India

Abstract More than half of the world's population lives in urban areas. Rapid increase in urbanization can have effects on land use and cause transformation of green spaces in or near urban places. However, the presence of urban green and blue spaces can enhance resilience as well as help in increasing ecological functioning of cities. Urban green spaces are closely related to human well-being as they provide a range of tangible and intangible services and thereby reduce stress and promote health of urban citizens. Sukhna lake is a manmade lake with a length of 1.52 km and a width of 1.49 km situated in Chandigarh city, India and is the longest vehicle free area of the city. The lake is home to a large number of animals and birds and attracts many species of migratory birds in the winter season. It is a prime tourist destination of the city and attracts 178

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thousands of tourists every day. Further, it acts as a recreation zone for the residents of the city. Keeping the above facts in mind, the present study aimed to (i) assess the relationship between urban green spaces and human health and well-being and (ii) analyze how people perceive cultural ecosystem services provided by Sukhna lake, Chandigarh, India. Survey method has been used to assess the health and well-being benefits provided by urban green spaces in this study. A total of 100 face-to-face interviews were conducted with the help of a structured questionnaire in the months of January and February 2020. The interviews were conducted during the morning and evening hours on all days. Respondents were randomly selected from a convenience sample of visitors who agreed to respond to the questionnaire. People valued the cultural services provided by the study site and most people said that they felt peaceful and that it was a place to relax for them. Also, a correlation was found between the frequency of visits and people's physical health. Overall, it could be concluded that being close to nature enhances people's mental and physical well-being. Also, a greater understanding of urban ecosystems and thereby ecosystem services provided by them is necessary to make people sensitive about them. Developmental policies should be designed in a way that support the use and maintenance of such green spaces.

Coronavirus lockdown helped the environment to bounce back

Shefali arora (department of chemistry, university of petroleum and energy studies, dehradun)

Kanchan deolibhukhandi (department of health safety and environment, university of petroleum

and energy studies, dehradun)

Pankaj kumarmishra (department of mathematics, chandigarhuniversity) ukindia

Abstract

As the transition of novel corona virus increases rapidly the whole world adopted the curfew /lockdown activity with restriction human mobility. The imposition of quarantine stopped all the commercial activities that greatly affects the various important environment parameters which directly connected to human health. As all types of social, commercial, industrial and urbanization activity suddenly shut off, nature takes the advantage and showed improvement in quality of air, cleaner rivers and calm wildlife. This research aims to discuss the covid-19 effect on the global environmental. Keywords: covid-19, Lockdown, environmental, impact, air quality index, wild life 179

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CORONAVIRUS LOCKDOWN HELPED THE ENVIRONMENT TO BOUNCE BACK ozone layer The ozone layer is found in the upper atmosphere between 10 and 50 km from the earth the ozone layer is acts as a natural sunscreen and plays very important function by absorbing the harmful U V rays from sun.

Ozone depletion substances (ODS) are gases such as chlorine and bromine which breaks the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Various ODS are present in the environment are CFC's, HCF’s, methyl chloride and various halogens. By the reaction of UV sunlight, these gases from chlorine and bromine and they are responsible for depletion of the ozone layer. What community says The international community signed the Montreal protocol on substances about the depletion of the ozone layer, 30 years ago according to protocol, the consumption and production on the ozone depletion compounds should be regulated. By banning chlorine containing synthetic compounds the rate of depletion decline and scientists expect to recover back to the 1980 level up to 2070. As per scientific data of 2018, the stratosphere recovered the rate of 1-3 % per decade since 2000. After the lockdown began on January 23 the particulate matter pollution decreased by an average 35% and NO2 decreased by an average of 60 %. At same period scientists found the average surface ozone concentration in increased by a factor of 1.5 -2. Emission of ozone depletion substances is also natural or manmade. All manmade emission is controlled because of lockdown during covid-19. Production and consumption od ODS are also reduced. The world meteorological organisation WMO states that economic activity has been limited during covid-19 which results in decline in CO2 emissi Record In 2019 as per NASA and NOAA reported that the south pole region of Antarctica has warm temperature in the upper atmosphere which caused a small ozone hole since it was first seen in 1982 (fig 1) on 23rd April 2020 copernicus atmospheric monitoring services(CAMS) announced that the largest hole was even seen in the ozone layer over the arctic has been closed. Although lockdown is surely showing the prominent sign of nature balance restoration of the ozone layer is not related to covid-19. Scientists of CAMS reported that is because of strong long lived polar vertex and not related to air quality. Conclusion This study finds the impact of lockdown on global environment including various types of emission on ozone layer. This year on October 1 ozone measurement taken by instrument carried aloft by weather balloon from NOAAs south pole atmosphere observatory recorded a low value of 104 Dabron units. NASAs Ozone watch reported the lowest daily value for 2020 from satellite measurement was 94 Dabson units on October 6 over Antarctica.

Figures

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Late Miocene Faunal Turnover among the Suidae of Indian Sub-Continent Deepak Choudhary Research Scholar, Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 deepakc015.dc@gmail,.com, 7889884587

ABSTRACT Suidae are a group of pigs, which were common and widespread in the Middle and Late Miocene in the India subcontinent. In Europe their diversity declined significantly during the Vallesian Crisis, whereas in the Indian Subcontinent it remained high till well into the Pliocene. A low level of faunal turnover however does occur in the Siwaliks between the interval of 10.7-5.7 Ma, with peaks at 10.3, 7.8 and 7.3-7.0 Ma. The event at 10.3 Ma to 9.7 coincides with the last appearance of Li. DukkarLi. pentapotamiaeandConohyussindiensis, Sus sp., Hippopotamodaon sp. while HippopotamodonandPropotamochoerushysudricusappeared at 10.2 Ma Propotamochoerus, likely survived into Nagri times, when it was replaced by P. hysudricus. Lophochoerusnagriimade a short appearance in Nagri times, but went extinct. Hippopotamodon major appeared in SethiNagri (10.2 Ma), where it existed along with H. sivalenseas well as with Li. pentapotamiae. So it seems that the arrival of H. major (10.2 Ma)

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and the turn over event at 10.3 Ma in the Siwaliks preceded the extinction of Listriodon in India (9.8 Ma) and that of Li. splendensand the Vallesian crisis in Europe (around 9.7 Ma).

Key words: Suoidea, Late Miocene, Vallesian Crisis, Faunal Turnover

Innovative techniques for converting agro wastes into useful products

Dikshant sharma Dept. Of geography (ggdsd college, sec-32-c chandigarh) Email & Phone [email protected],9816320555 India is one of the agriculturally based country with more than 58% of the population engaged in farming. Farming along with the production of crops also generates some Agro-waste. It has been observed that these days most of the farmers take the easy way for disposal. They burn there Agro-waste in open, which leads to the generation of Green House Gases like CH4,CO2,CO was even so much that Delhi NCR was so polluted last year that air quality deteriorated and even educational institutes had to be closed for some time.

Objectives to carry my research are: -

1. To suggest the farmers to use appropriate Agro waste management’s techniques to minimize environmental pollution.

2. To encourage farmers to reuse Agro-waste.

3. To provide low cost material for industrial use.

4. To encourage farmers to follow the concept of 3 R‟s-Reuse, Recycle, Recover.

5. To demonstrate various innovative techniques that can be used to earn wealth from waste like biofuel, green brick, paper etc.

* To practice it, I firstly collected, sugarcane bagasse, cement and water and mixed them all thoroughly. Finally, I made green brick in 1 week. After this I tried to make a bed which shows how Agro-waste can be used as a mulching material.

* After that I practiced to convert sugarcane bagasse into charcoal. For this I collected sugarcane bagasse and burnt the sugarcane bagasse in a closed vessel. Then trash turned into charcoal. Finally, I made briquette

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from this charcoal powder using paste flour. Subsequently, I tried to make paper from corn bagasse. For this I took corn husk and washed it and boiled it. Then I let it to cool down. Finally, I made paper from beaten corn husk. At last, I tried to make a rope from rice straws.

Solutions to the problems are as follows: -

1. Awareness programmes should be there for the farmers where they can educate regarding the reuse of agricultural waste.

2. There must be strict laws or heavy fine against the burning of crop residue.

3. Following innovative techniques can be suggested to convert Agro waste into useful products: - a) Sugarcane Husk-Biofuel b) Rice Husk, sugarcane-Organic Plastic c) Sugarcane Hush-Green Brick d) Corn Bagasse-Paper e) Rich Straws-Rope f) Rich Husk-Mulching Material

In recent years, agricultural wastes have become the important pollution sources. The random straw burning and improper disposition of agricultural waste not only result in environmental pollution, but also waste a lot of valuable biomass resources and reduce soil consumption. But some steps if taken can help to mitigate the problem.

Geochemical signatures of groundwater of agri intensive alluvial plains of northern india

Gagandeep Singh1,Madhuri S Rishi1 and Naval Kishore2

1Department of Environment Studies, Punjab University Chandigarh

2Centre of Advance Study in Geology, Punjab University Chandigarh

Abstract:

Groundwater quality in the alluvial plains of Punjab has special significance and needs great attention since it is the foremost source of drinking, irrigation and industrial usages. In the present research work integrated chemometric statistical approaches along with hydrogeochemical and vertical depth profiles of major ions

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were studied to appraise the geochemical signatures, processes influencing the aquifer chemistry and source apportionment of the groundwater in the Agri intensive alluvial plains of Jalandhar district, Punjab, India. Total 41 groundwater samples were collected from different groundwater abstraction units and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, total alkalinity and major ions using standard protocols. The analytical results revealed that the groundwater of Jalandhar district is hard to very

+ 2+ 2+ + – hard and alkaline in nature with relative abundance of major ions are Na > Mg > Ca > K and HCO3 >

2− 2– − − − 2− SO4 > CO3 > Cl > NO3 > F > PO4 respectively. The chemical compositions of the study area were

2+ 2+ – 2+ 2+ − 2− predominantly Ca –Mg –HCO3 followed by Ca –Mg –Cl –SO4 facies. The water type of the shallow

+ 2+ – + – aquifer is complex in nature showing Na -Mg –HCO3 type, further it changed to Na –HCO3 in the intermediate zone. Interpretation of the geochemical signatures of the groundwater suggested that natural weathering and dissolution of silicate and carbonate minerals and ion exchange process are largely controlling the aquifer chemistry. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracts five principal components (PC's), where PC1, PC2 and PC4 are influenced by mixed factors i.e., lithogenic and anthropogenic inputs. PC3 is exclusively affected by anthropogenic factors like domestic sewage, fertilizer and irrigation return flow respectively and PC5 is mainly controlled by natural factors.

Keywords: Geochemical signatures, Ion-exchange, Principal Components, Silicate weathering Shallow Aquifer.

Development of modified hazard index: case study from tikkartaal, morni, nwhimalaya, india Raj Kiran Dhiman and Mahesh Thakur Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, India 160014 ABSTRACT Slope instability is a major problem in mountainous terrain all over the world. For rock slopes, various field- based rock mass/slope mass classification systems are proposed in literature as Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Slope Mass Rating (SMR), Modified SMR, Slope Rock Mass Rating (SRMR), Chinese SMR (CSMR), Slope Stability Probability Classification (SSPC), Modified SSPC System (Modified-SSPC), Continuous SMR (CoSMR), Hazard Index (HI), Fuzzy SMR, New SMR (NSMR). The properties of rock mass, discontinuities (persistence, aperture, roughness, infilling and weathering) and geometrical relationship of joints and slope are considered as main input parameter in most of the aforementioned classification

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schemes. HI is the only classification system which considers the effect of local climatic conditions, drainage factor and forces on kinematic possibility of planar, wedge and toppling type of failures and all other empirical methods for slope mass classification systems mentioned here and also in literature does not considers the effect of climatic conditions, drainage and forces in causing slope failures. Through this paper, we propose to modify the HI by considering the effect of Erodibility Index (Kh) on rock mass because Kh describes the correlation between the force of flowing water and the capacity of a rock to resist erosion. Since Kh is not yet introduced in the state of art rock mass classification systems, we propose to modify HI by introducing Kh in this classification system. Adding Kh in the HI is presumed to show evident experimental and theoretical outcomes as Kh is extensively used in rock scour analysis of unlined spillways and river bridge piers etc. Considering vast use of Kh in aforementioned scenarios shows its importance in slope stability problems. A case study of TikkarTaal, Morni, Nahan Salient, NW Himalaya is also discussed with reference to development of Modified Hazard Index (MHI). TikkarTaal is selected for this specific study because evidences of highly localized erosion of rockmass were found in the field and in the past one major landslide happened in this area. All aforementioned field evidences of TikkarTaal motivate us in developing MHI. MHI can be practiced in road cut slopes as well as natural slopes in order to classify the slope failure hazard.

Late Miocene Elasmobranch from the Baripada Beds, Odisha, India: Paleoenvironmental and Paleobiogeographic Implications 1 2 2 1K. Milankumar Sharma, N. Amardas Singh, N. Premjit Singh, Rajeev Patnaik

1Department of Geography and Geology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-1514001. 2Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, Panjab University Chandigarh-14 Corresponding Author Email ID: [email protected] Abstract: Recent geological investigation at Mukurmatia and Itamundia section of Late Miocene Baripada Beds, Odisha, India yields additional teeth remains of sharks and batoids. Fossil remains of sharks are represented by genera comprising of Alopias, Carcharhinus, Carcharadon, Galeorhinus, Glyphis, Hemipristis, Megachasma, Negaprion, Physogaleus, Rhizoprionodon, Sphyrna, etc.The present report of teeth of the genusPhysogaleusis the first such record ofPhysogaleusfrom the Miocene deposit of Indian subcontinent. Among the skates and rays fossil remains of the generaAetobatus, Dasystis, Gymnura, Himantura, Myliobatis,Pastinachus, Pristis, Rhinoptera, Rhyncobatus, Rhinobatus. Teeth of DasyatisprobstiandDasyatis rugosa are reporting for the first time from the eastern coast of India, BaripadaBeds.The majority of the

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present fauna are known to be well adapted in tropical to subtropical climatic conditions. The present findings and their associated faunal remains including the teeth and coprolite remains of crocodile and turtle; shell of mollusk and foraminifers suggests deposition of Baripada Beds at very near shore, coastal environment, probably in the shallower part of the inner neritic which was well connected to the open seas. The elasmobranch fauna from Baripada Beds have closer affinities to those from the sharks and rays of Kutch, and Bhutan Formation of Mizoram, and Miocene deposits of Circum Pacific and Atlantic oceans.

Key words: Sharks, Batoids, Late Miocene, Baripada, Paleoenvironment, Paleobiogeography.

Appraisal of non-carcinogenic human health risk associated with nitrate in feed & treated water of water treatment devices (reverse osmosis) in southwestern punjab, india

Priyanka1, Madhuri S. Rishi1 and Naval Kishore2

1Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

2Centre of Advance Study in Geology, Punjab University Chandigarh ABSTRACT Access to clean water is vital for the survival of life on earth and its absence can adversely affect the human health, food security, economy, livelihood and standard of living of families in various parts of the globe. To achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG6) i.e., ‘Clean water and Sanitation’, substantial progress has been made in increasing access to clean drinking water all over the globe. Further, to tackle the global water crisis, water treatment devices (WTDs) emerged as promising tools and are being used in many parts of the world including India. Reverse Osmosis (RO) water treatment plants are employed as a promising solution for producing safe drinking water for the south-west part of Punjab, where groundwater sources are extremely contaminated with nitrate and dissolved solids. In the present study a attempt has been made to investigates the quality of feed and treated water of RO units of Muktsar district, as well as human health risk associated with ingestion of nitrate contaminated water. A total 72 water samples were collected from 36 RO units and analysed

- for 13 physicochemical parameters. The NO3 content were found beyond the prescribed drinking water standards of BIS 2012 and WHO 2011 in the majority of the feed water samples and ~61% of feed water samples were categorized under poor to very poor class as per DWQI classification. Further, human health risk was evaluated due to the presence of nitrate in input and output water for infants, children, adults (males and

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females). The results of HHRA suggest that children and infant are more exposed to non-carcinogenic risk as compared to adults in the study area.Lack of technical capacity of the local communities, poor maintenance practices, and unplanned dissolved solids removal were the key issue related to RO plants in the study area.

Keywords Reverse Osmosis (RO) Plants; Groundwater; Water Quality; Human health risk; Nitrate; efficiency

Nuclear power is the most reliable source of energy

RITIK THAKUR, Tryammbakkansal, Taha Ali Khan, Shubhjeet Singh

(UIET, panjab university)

ABSTRACT

Nuclear energy is the energy that comes from the nucleus of an atom. It is released by a nuclear reaction either through nuclear fission or nuclear fusion. In nuclear fission the energy is released by splitting the nucleus of a heavy atom into two more or less equal fragments by a neutron blasting through the nucleus. It produces more energy than any other fuel of the same mass or volume. It does not produce any direct air pollution or greenhouse gases. Nuclear power provides over 10% of the world's electricity, and 18% of electricity in OECD countries. Almost all reports on future energy supply from major organizations suggest an increasing role for nuclear power as an environmentally benign way of producing reliable electricity on a large scale.

ADVANTAGES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY OVER OTHER SOURCES OF FUEL: - Clean Energy: Nuclear energy can produce electricity without greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Nuclear power would be “carbon-zero” if they are stored and transported in a more efficient way.High Quantities: Nuclear reaction can produce a million times more energy as compared to hydro or wind energy, it will obviously decrease our dependency on oil.High Reserves: Nuclear reactors use uranium as fuel and produces huge amounts of energy. The Earth has the high reservoir of uranium.Reliability: Nuclear power plants operate reliably and have a continuous output of power. The energy level is not affected by the weather conditions, unpredictable costs, or foreign supplies. It can run for about 500 to 700 days continuously, before they are shut down for refueling.Low Operating cost: Nuclear energy produces electricity at a competitive price and it is generally compared with coal plants. It is sustainable and can be harnessed for several years from now.Reliability: Nuclear power plants operate reliably and have a continuous output of power. The energy

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level is not affected by the weather conditions, unpredictable costs, or foreign supplies. t it can run for about 500 to 700 days continuously, before they are shut down for refueling. Low Operating cost: Nuclear energy produces electricity at a competitive price and it is generally compared with coal plants. It is sustainable and can be harnessed for several years from now.Low Waste: It generates less wastages overall than other energy plants. Nuclear power plants produce not more than 10,000 tons of spent fuel if the electricity is generated by the combustion of coal it would result in millions of tons of SO2, in addition to billion tons of CO2 and poisons heavy metals. At the same time, nuclear waste is more easily disposable than fossil fuel wastes. Reduces the dependency on fossil fuels: Owing to increased volume of transportation, there is an increased demand of fossil fuels like oil and gases in the world. Nuclear energy requires very little quantity of fuel to produce large quantities of energy, one ton of uranium can produce energy that is more than several million tons of coal and oil. The rise in oil prices and the increased concern about environmental protection from CO2 emission have promoted attraction to the use of nuclear power as viable energy Location: A nuclear plant does not depend on local sources like oil and coal and can be set up in convenient places. It also does not require a lot of space to set up and the power does not have to be transferred over long distances. Nuclear power can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion reactions. Presently, the vast majority of electricity from nuclear power is produced by nuclear fission of uranium and plutonium. Nuclear decay processes are used in niche applications such as radioisotope thermoelectric generators. CONCLUSION Nuclear energy is one of the most efficient sources of energy available today, produces no direct air pollution or greenhouse gases. It is obvious that nuclear energy is the most viable solution of energy problems, and is very safe when used properly. Many countries have used nuclear energy for their economic development. The power of nuclear energy must be used for the betterment of the world. It depends upon humans to make nuclear energy a boon for all-round development of human civilization. Without doubt, nuclear energy can successfully replace fossil fuels in days to come. With the help of modern technology and understanding, we will someday be able to use nuclear energy in everyday life.

Lower and middle siwalik coprolites assemblage exposed in ramnagar (j&k) and

haritalyangar (hp), india.

Rohit Kumara, Rajeev Patnaika, Ningthoujam Premjit Singha, Wasim AbassWazira, Deepak Choudharya.

aCenter for Advanced Study in Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India. 188

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ABSTRACT: Coprolites are the most remarkable dietary remains preserved in open sites and significant particularly for reconstruction of paleoecology, paleodiet and their producers. Over the past century, a great deal of work has been done on the Siwalik vertebrates including that on primates and hominoid fossils, but so far no one has studied coprolites from these deposits to reconstruct the dietary behavior and palaeocological conditions. Ramnagar and Haritalyangar are two highly fossiliferous Miocene ape bearing Siwalik localities representing Middle and Late Miocene respectively. More than one hundred coprolites have been recovered from Lower and Middle Siwalik deposits of Ramnagar and Haritalyangar, India. Here we have examined the morphology of the specimens. Based on the shape, they have been categorized as a curved and straight rod-like, elliptical, subconical, amphipolar, teardrop and puck-shaped. The coprolites ranging in size from 4 cm to 5 cm were produced by medium to large vertebrates particularly mammals and reptiles, whereas those ranging from 1 cm to 2 cms were produced by medium to small fishes. Based on the associated fauna and the morphology of the coprolites, the probable producers were supposed as following: shapes like a teardrop, ovoid or elliptical are typically crocodilian coprolites and the spiral-shaped coprolites have been identified as the feces of fish. However, some coprolites could not be classified due to their very fragmented and weathered condition. This unique association and preservation suggest early lithification promoted by rapid burial and fauna represents terrestrial and lacustrine palaeoecological conditions.

Geochemical characteristics of drinking and irrigation water around northern and western part of fazilka district, Punjab, India

Shefali Chander and SusantaPaikaray

Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

ABSTRACT: Fazilka district witness a semiarid climate with severe concerns of uranium (U) and salinity hazards. Field and laboratory studies were carried out to understand geochemical behavior of cations, anions and pollutants such as U at different depths up to ~450 m using 17 bore well samples. A circum-neutral to

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alkaline pH (pH 7.1-8.4) characterizes the groundwater with an exceptionally high dissolved solids (TDS=

-1 -1 -1 171-3180 mg L ), salinity (200-2500 mg L ) and hardness (55-780 mg L CaCO3). The relative abundances

+ 2+ 2+ + 4+ 3+ - - 2- - 3- of cations and anions are Na >Mg >Ca >K >Si >FeT>Al and HCO3 >Cl >SO4 >NO3 >PO4

,respectively in all the studied groundwater representing a NaHCO3 water type. Although As contents are ≤10 μg L-1 at all depths, U concentrations are significantly high especially at intermediate depths (up to 283

-1 - 2- + µg L ). While shallow aquifers (<60 ft) are characterized by high TDS, EC, salinity, HCO3 , SO4 , Na and

+ - 2+ - 3- K , intermediate aquifers (100-250 ft) are enriched in NO3 , Fe(T), Mg , Cl and PO4 . Although most groundwater are good and excellent for irrigation purposes based on sodium absorption ratio (SAR), ~53% and ~65% samples found to be unsafe in terms of Na% and residual sodium carbonate (RSC). More than 76% samples exceed WHO permissible limit for U where localities close to Sutlej River contains relatively lesser U.

A new stegodon molar from ~2.6 ma upper siwalik (tatrot formation) sediments exposed around khetpurali (district ambala, haryana), india

Pranav Ranjana, Vadim Titovb, AlekseiTesakova, Rajeev Patnaikc

aGeological Institute, RAS, Pyzhevsky Lane 7, Moscow 119017, Russia

bSouthern Scientific Center, RAS, Avenue Chekhov 41, Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russia

cCentre for Advanced Study in Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India

ABSTRACT: Numerous finds of family Stegodontidae (order Proboscidea) from the Pliocene- Pleistocene Periods of Northern India have been recovered. Over the last century, multiple species of the genus Stegodon have been identified and described. They are represented by the following species in the Indian subcontinent (non-exhaustive list): Stegodon insignis, S. ganesa, S. bombifrons, S. pinjorensis, S. aurorae, S. orientalis, S. zdanskyi, S. elephantoides (=S. clifti), S. katliensis, S. officinalis, S. bondolensis, S. airawana, S. trigonoephalus(Kundal et al. 2017). In the Indian subcontinent, majority of the sample belonging to the genus Stegodon have been collected from the Upper Siwalik Formations with some being recovered from the Narmada Valley Formations (Nanda & Corvinus, 2000; Aslam et al., 2015). In the present study, a single molar of Stegodon recovered from the Upper Siwalik (Tatrot Formation) sediments exposed around the Khetpurali section of Haryana has been identified. The enclosing layer is 190

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paleomagnetically dated to Late Pliocene (~2.6 Ma) (Tandon et al., 1984). The sample is a well preserved m2 tooth with well-defined transverse ridges, which is composed of seven visible plates and one posterior talonid (7t). The ridges are low and moderately convex with rugose enamel surface. Except for the last plate and the talonid, all other plates are heavily worn out. There are no median cleft visible on any plate. The length of the crown is 272.5 mm. The tooth is broad-crowned with widest width of 119.9 mm at the fourth plate. The height of the molar reaches its maximum value of 41 mm, also at the fourth plate. The talonid touches the last plate. In occlusal view, the crown is slightly convex on both lingual and buccal sides. The average lamellar frequency is 4 per 100 mm.

Based on the palaeomagnetic inferred age of the section and the measured morphological attributes of the tooth when compared to previously published works, the isolated molar sample can be assigned to the species Stegodoncf.bombifrons.

Toxicity profiling of metallosurfactant based ruthenium and ruthenium oxide nanoparticles towards the eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae Varsha Dograa, Gurpreet Kaurb, Rajeev Kumara, Sandeep Kumarc

aDepartment of Environmental Studies, Panjab University Chandigarh -160014, India. bDepartment of Chemistry, and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India. cDepartment of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125 001, Haryana, India. ABSTRACT

In the present study, a facile method was used to synthesize the ruthenium and ruthenium oxide (RuO2) nanoparticles (NPs) derived from three different metallosurfactants. Firstly, three metallosurfactants were fabricated i.e. RuCTAC (Bishexadecyltrimethylammonium ruthenium tetrachloride), RuDDA (Bisdodecylamine ruthenium dichloride), and RuHEXA (bishexadecylamine ruthenium dichloride) and characterized by CHN, FTIR, and 1HNMR. These metallosurfactants were further utilized to fabricate the mixed type of NPs (Ru and RuO2 NPs) using the biocompatible microemulsion technique and NPs were then characterized. Subsequently, the nanotoxicity of mixed NPs (Ru & RuO2) was studied towards Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The detailed study of nanotoxicity against the S. cerevisiaecells was done by employing optical microscopy, FESEM, anti-yeast activity assay, circular dichroism, and gel electrophoresis techniques. FESEM and optical microscopy analyses indicated that RuCTAC nanosuspension (Ns) has the

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most toxic effect on the S. cerevisiae cells. FESEM analysis confirmed the harmful impact of Ru and RuO2 NPs on the S. cerevisiae cells. From the FESEM analysis, complete alteration in the morphology, cell membrane breakage, and formation of the holes on the cell wall of S.cerevisiaewas affirmed in presence of all three types of Ns i.e. RuCTAC, RuDDA, and RuHEXA Ns. Genotoxicity of the NPs was confirmed by circular dichroism and gel electrophoresis and it was found that RuCTAC and RuHEXA Ns have the most damaging influence on the yeast genomic DNA.

Palynology as a proxy tool for paleoclimate Shalini Parmar and Vandana Prasad Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226007

ABSTRACT Palaeopalynology involves the study of acid-resistant organic walled microfossils known as palynomorphs (spores and pollen). Spores and pollen are the reproductive unit and male gametophyte of the plant, which are found in majority of depositional environment. Being microscopic in size and presence of sporopollenin in their wall, they are potentially preserved in various sedimentary environments that make them an efficient proxy tool to understand the geological and ecological events that happened in the past. The wider distribution and preservation of pollen and spores in various environments ranging from terrestrial to marine is of great importance for interpreting palaeoenvironment, biostratigraphic correlation and palaeobiogeography. Vegetation responds to changing climatic conditions through floral turnover can be easily determined by the study of palynoassemblage composition of the sedimentary successions of different time span. Fossil pollen also help in the more precise reconstruction of past biodiversity pattern as well as extinction of various genera and species. Following the Nearest Living relative (NLR) approach, the fossil pollen grains are compared with extant taxa on the basis of their morphological characters like exine ornamentation, aperture shape, aperture number and its configuration. This approach is based on the assumptions that environmental and ecological adaptations of fossil plants would be identical to their corresponding extant taxa. Assessment of evolution, endemism and palaeo-biogeographic distribution of plants through palynology provides more information in comparison to other proxies. Thus, palynology serves as an important proxy for palaeoecology, palaeoenvironment and palaeo-biogeographic reconstruction.

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Significance of fossils in implementing phylogenetic approaches to reconstruct palaeobiogeography Mahi Bansal1,2*, Vandana Prasad1, Rajeev Patnaik2

1Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow 226 007, India 2Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

ABSTRACT Palaeobiogeography is the study of distribution, evolution and radiation of biotic elements through space and time. The objective of reconstructing palaeobiogeography is not just to find the place and age of origin of an organism; but also, to assess how its evolution has been governed by past global climatic or tectonic changes as well as deciphering the evolutionary relationships amongst different clades/organisms. The introduction of phylogenetic studies using molecular dating has revolutionized the field of palaeobiogeography. Biogeographic hypotheses have been successfully postulated for many organisms like ranid frogs, ratite birds and acrodont lizards. However, the constant rate of evolution used by molecular clocks in phylogenetic approaches without using fossil calibration leads to inaccuracy in the results. Palaeobiogeographic reconstructions done based on either current distribution, fossil distribution or molecular data alone do not resonate with each other as exemplified in the genus Durio of plant family Bombacaceae. Besides, the oldest fossil of primates suggests its origin in Paleocene. However, fossil calibrated molecular clock study pushed its age back to the Creatceous, thereby changing its palaeobiogeographic history. Therefore, in order to propose a robust hypothesis, it is suggested to use extant as well as fossil distribution of organisms imposed on fossil calibrated phylogeny. Inclusion of fossils substantially changes the relationship of extant groups in the phylogeny and hence has a dramatic effect in reconstructing palaeobiogeography. Advent of fossil calibrated phylogenies has ruled out the most basic palaeobiogeographic mechanism of vicariance inappropriately suggested for many angiosperms like Nothofagaceae, Proteaceae and Restionaceae. Vicariance has turned out to be too young to explain their biogeographic pattern. Broadly, use of fossil calibrated phylogeny utilizing combined molecular and morphological data of both fossil and extant species, to evaluate the role of climate and Plate Tectonics in proposing a firm palaeobiogeographic hypothesis can help in tracing the more reliable evolutionary history of biota.

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Groundwater quality assessment at some areas of north east punjab using design expert Kshipra Kapoor Shakti Kumar Ph.D. Scholar, Civil Engineering Department Professor, Civil Engineering Department Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Industrialization and excessive use of chemicals for better agricultural productivity has resulted in degradation of groundwater quality in the state of Punjab. Regular monitoring is necessary to keep a track on health risks associated with these pollutants. In this context, two districts S.A.S. Nagar and Rupnagar, located in north- eastern part of India were selected to assess the sources of contamination. During 2019- 2020, 35 number of samples from S.A.S. Nagar and 34 from Rupnagar were collected and analyzed for major cations (Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium) and anions (Carbonates, Bicarbonates, Chlorides, Sulphates) by using IC METROHM. In addition to it, pH, and turbidity were also determined. Correlation was established by using Design Expert software 12 to examine its suitability for drinking purpose. Kriging is used as an interpolation method for spatial distribution of quality parameters. As per analysis, most of samples from S.A.S Nagar are below drinking water standards (IS:10500). The failure in percentage terms can be read as Alkanity 76.4%, Hardness 92.6%, Chlorides 54.5%, and Turbidity 53% whereas in Rupnagar only pH, Chlorides and Nitrates in some samples were found above permissible limits (44.1%, 51%, 46% respectively). The variations observed in these results leads to the conclusion that consumption of water and any agri produce from these areas could be very hazardous to human health.

Keywords: Groundwater quality, physico-chemical parameters, drinking water, Design Expert, Kriging

A Review on Geochemistry (Major, Trace and Rare Earth Elements) data of Siwalik Group of Pakistan, Nepal and North-Western India

Danswrang Brahma, Y. Priyananda Singh and K Milankumar Sharma Department of Geology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401 Corresponding email ID: [email protected] ABSTRACT

Major, trace and Rare Earth Elements of the Siwalik sediments of Pakistan, North-Western India and Nepal have been used to reveal the nature of the source rock, giving us an idea that the source terrains have been 194

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weathered to a great extent with widespread sedimentary recycling of diversified lithologies. The contribution of felsic igneous rocks besides basic, sedimentary / metamorphic lithology of North-Western and Nepal Siwalik are revealed by Cr and Ni, negative Eu anomaly, LREE enrichment and moderately flat

HREE in mudstones. Major oxides like potassium oxide (K2O), iron oxide (Fe2O3), titanium oxide (TiO2) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) decreases from Lower to Higher Siwalik while as sodium oxide (Na2O), silicon dioxide (SiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO) and phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5) increases along the same path signifying the variation in composition with different stratigraphic height. Higher Himalayan Crystalline sequence (HHCS) representing as the core source with minute contribution from Lesser Himalayan metasediments for the Lower and Middle Siwalik of Nepal and North -Western Indian whereas the source terrain changes for Upper Siwalik. The contribution of sediments from the Higher Himalaya to the Upper Siwalik diminishes and changes abruptly to a prominent Lesser Himalayan source terrain. The mafic origins of the Siwalik sediment in Pakistan have been revealed by the ratios of Ba with Sc and Co also by the average of Zr, Nb and Y concentration, which are lesser than the Upper Continental Crust (UCC) and the Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS). The ratio between Cr and Zr, Cr and V with higher value than that of UCC and PAAS has given the signature of possible chromite and ultramafic source origin.

Key words: Major, Trace and Rare Earth Elements, Siwalik, Himalaya.

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Basic Medical Sciences and Dental Sciences • Biochemistry • Biophysics • Biotechnology • Microbiology • Microbial Biotechnology • Dental Science (HSJIDS) • Stem Cell & Tissue Engineering • Human Genome • Systems Biology & Bioinformatics • Nuclear Medicine • Public Health

COORDINATORS: Professor Jagat Bhushan

Professor AS Naura Professor Gurparkash Singh Chahal

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REGISTRANTS S. N0. Name Affiliation 1. Richika Arora Department of Biotechnology,P.U., Chandigarh 2. Pooja Aggarwal Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 3. Eshita Jain Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 4. Dr. Suruchi Aditya Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh 5. Shivam Singla Department of Microbiology, P.U., Chandigarh 6. Sakshi Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 7. ManpriyaBedi Panjab University, Chandigarh 8. Dr. Ruchika Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh 9. Dr. Manjula Mehta Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh 10. Dr. Kavita Sekhri Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh 11. GiftyMammen Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 12. Manmehar Kaur Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 13. Dr. Rachna Singh Department of microbial technology, P.U., Chandigarh 14. Dr. SwatyJhamb Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 15. Sakshi U.I.E.T. sector 25, Chandigarh 16. Dr. Ruchi Singla Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 17. Dr. Banmeet Singh Civil Hospital Fategarh Sahib Uppal 18. Dr. Gulsheen Kaur National Dental College, DeraBassi, Mohali 19. Dr. Amandeep Singh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh Uppal 20. Simranjitkaur Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 21. Gurparkash Singh Panjab University, Chandigarh Chahal 22. PurvaSingal Department of Biochemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 23. Pallavi Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh

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24. Dr. Amandeep Kaur Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 25. Jyotsana Kaushal Department of Biochemistry, Chandigarh 26. Dr. Anand Gupta Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh 27. Amandeep Singh Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 28. Akhil Department of Biochemistry, Chandigarh 29. Mahima Arora Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 30. Pulkit Sharma Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 31. Nimisha Raina Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 32. Nikita Sood Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 33. Ritika Jaggi GGDSD College Sector 32, Chandigarh 34. Varinda Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 35. Janvi Goyal Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 36. Neha Dhiman Department of Biochemistry, Chandigarh 37. Manika Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 38. Akanksha Nayyar Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 39. Aayushee Khanna Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 40. Gautam Pandey Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 41. Divyanshu Bansal Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh Gurparkash Singh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 42. Chahal 43. Riya Rani Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 44. Harsimran Kaur Jaggi Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh Swati Sihag Dept cum national centre for human genome 45. studies and research 46. Priya Katna Dept of Microbiology, P.U., Chandigarh 47. Shivangi Taneja Panjab University, Chandigarh 48. Brinder Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 49. Dr. Sukant Garg Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 50. KomalKoul Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 51. Nidhi Kaushal Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 52. Dr. Prabhleen Kaur Brar Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 203

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53. Dr. Rajdeep Brar Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Chandigarh 54. Neetu Tyagi Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 55. Navdeep kumar Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 56. Deepti Goyal Department of Microbial Technology

ABSTRACT PARTICIPATION

S.No. Name Affiliation Title Intermolecular nucleophilic Dr. Jyoti Department of addition of N- 1. Sharma Chemistry,P.U., Chandigarh Diaminophosphophinoyl- Protected a-carbanions Development of short Vishakha Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, antimicrobial peptides insilico 2. Grover Chandigarh genome mining of streptococcus salivarius Bifidobacterium breveBif 11 Department of Naina protects against airway 3. Biochemistry, P.U., Monga inflammation in ovalbumin Chandigarh induced asthma in mice Methanolic extract Department of Manpreet ofcommiphorawightiiameliorates 4. Biochemistry, P.U., Kaur lung inflammation in mouse Chandigarh model of chronic obstructive Role of mitochondrial oxidative Department of stress mediated NLRP3 5. Gayatri Puri Biochemistry, P.U., inflammosome activation in acute Chandigarh lung injury Vaibhav Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Blast analysis: the key to unlock 6. Shani Chandigarh periodontal microbiome

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Carbohydrate metabolism in the Sanjeev B.C.M College of education, developing kernel of normal, 7. Kumar 32A sector, Chandigarh sweet corn and quality protein maize Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Innovations uschering in the era of 8. Kamkshi Chandigarh make in India Dr. Sonia Microbial dysbiosis and oral Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, 9. Bhonchal diseases oral infections and Chandigarh Bhardwaj systemic diseases Effectiveness of culture media for 10. Dr. Shobha Melaka Manipal Medical the isolation of bacteria from K. I College, Manipal paediatric urine samples Anti inflammatory activity of Department of randiadumetorum fruit against 11. Arun Narota Biochemistry,P.U., acid aspiration-mediated ALI in Chandigarh mice The study of impact of digital Harneev Centre for public 12. media on overall adolescent Kaur health,P.U., CHD health during COVID-19 pandemic Raavi Kaur Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Forensic ontology in Crime 13. Bains Chandigarh investigation bite marks analysis Study of impact of digital media Centre for public health, 14. Kunal Singh on adolescent health during P.U., CHD corona pandemic In-silico screening of Department of phhytochemicals as potential liver 15. Sonam Biochemistry, receptors ligands for the P.U.,Chandigarh treatment of sporachialzheimr's disease Centre for public health, Pyschological impact of COVID-19 16. Iram Ali P.U., CHD on general population Department of Co-localization of PGC-1α and p65 Avishek 17. Biochemistry, P.U., influences mitochondrial dynamics Halder Chandigarh and alters the behavioral

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characteristics in animals following chronic hypoperfusion injury. Sudiksha Centre for public Pyschological impact of COVID-19 18. Rana health,P.U., CHD on general population Centre for public Pyschological impact of COVID-19 19. StanzinTelsa health,P.U., CHD on general population Centre for public Pyschological impact of COVID-19 20. Vaishali health,P.U., CHD on general population Dr. Simranjit Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, 21 Singh Chandigarh Dr. Rose Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Smoking and dental implant 22. Kanwaljeet Chandigarh failure Kaur Hydroxytyrosol alleviates Department of Parkinsonism in caenorhabiditis 23. Anjana Biochemistry,P.U., elegans and C57BL/6 mice model Chandigarh of PD Kavya Centre for public 24. Pyschological impact of COVID-19 Sharma health,P.U., CHD Analysis of differential gene GGDSD College Sector 32C 25. Shivani Devi expression in oryza sativa under Chandigarh abiotic stress Oinam Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, 26. Biosensors in Covid-19 Era Monica Devi Chandigarh Priyanka Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Regenerative Endodontics-A new 27. Bang Chandigarh era in Dentistry Dr. Jyoti Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Dermatoglyphics and peridontal 28. Gupta Chandigarh Diseases: an unsolved Linkage Study Of Impact Of Digital Media Shubham Centre for public 29. On Overall Adolescent Health Chauhan health,P.U., CHD During Covid-19 Pandemic.

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Study of impact of digital media 30. Ankita P.U.,Chd on adoloscent health during corona pandemic Arogyada: granter of good health: 31. Garima P.U.,Chd including myths and awareness regarding menstruation in girls Impact of digital media on overall Navneet Centre for public 32. adolescent health during covid-19 kaur health,P.U., CHD pandemic. Nidhi Centre for public Role Of Ayurveda In Increasing 33. dhiman health,P.U., CHD Immunity Against covid-19 Parminder Centre for public Role Of Ayurveda In Increasing 34. kaur health,P.U., CHD Immunity Against covid-19 Sedentary lifestyle during the Centre For Public 35. Shivali Negi covid and its effect on different Health,P.U., CHD age groups Study of impact of digital media Shubham Centre For Public 36. on overalladoloscent health during Chauhan Health,P.U., CHD corona pandemic Gazala Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Dental ozone:an evolving trend in 37. Ameen Chandigarh dentistry TripatJot Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Digital smile designing- a peak into 38. Kaur Chandigarh the future A random forest-based machine learning model for prediction of 39. Sandeep GGDSD ClgSec 32C Chd lifespan extending compounds in drosophila melanogaster Study of psychological impact of Dr. Aparjita Centre For Public 40. covid 19 pandemic on Health Singla Health,P.U., Chd workers Centre for public Sedentary Lifestyle During Covid 41. Ashima health,P.U., CHD 19

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Bharti Centre for public 42. Psychological effect of covid 19 Sharma health,P.U., CHD Sedentary Lifestyle during Covid AngeliinaKan Centre for public 43. and its effect on different age g’oma health,P.U., CHD groups Harpreet Arogyada: Granter of good health: Centre for public 44. Kaur including myths and awareness health,P.U., CHD Dhaliwal regarding mensturation in girls Inderpreet Centre for public 45. Sedentary lifestyle covid 19 Kaur health,P.U., CHD Nidhi Centre for public Role of ayurveda in increasing 46. Dhiman health,P.U., CHD immunity against covid 19 Arogyada: Granter of good health: Pratistha Centre for public 47. including myths and awareness Sharma health,P.U., CHD regarding mensturation in girls Divya Centre for public Role of ayurveda in increasing 48. Sawhney health,P.U., CHD immunity against covid 19 Sedentary lifestyle during Covid 19 Martie Centre for public 49. and its effect of different age Nkhata health,P.U., CHD group Shivam Centre for public Role of ayurveda in increasing 50. Sharma health,P.U., CHD immunity against covid 19 Impact of altered dietary selenium Sunil Kumar Panjab University, on the distribution of trace 51. Sharma Chandigarh elements in the liver and brain regions of mice Tamana Centre for public Role of ayurveda in increasing 52. Sharma health,P.U., CHD immunity against covid 19 Impact of digital media on overall Navneet Centre for public 53. adolescent health during covid-19 Kaur health,P.U., CHD pandemic. Dr. Nandini Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Role of curcumin as an abjuvant to 54. Bhaskar Chandigarh periodontal therapy

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Suhani Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, Newer technique for gingival 55. Maheshwari Chandigarh augmentation Understanding The Regulation Department of OfΒ-Catenin Expression And Yogain 56. Biochemistry,P.U., Activation In Colorectal Taank Chandigarh Carcinogenesis: Beyond Destruction Complex Corona virus outbreak: Government Medical Consideration of Occupational 57. Ramanpreet College and Hospital Safety and Health of Care Givers

Dept Of Basic Sciences, Dr. Nivedita Second Generation Biofuels: A 58 University OfHorti& Sharma Futuristic Green Deal Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP

E-POSTER PARTICIPATION

S.No Name Affiliation Title Science and Technology Innovations Panjab University, 1. Anmol Sharma Ushering in the Era of Make inIndia: Chandigarh Dentistry Department of Alteration in proportion and oxidative 2. Ankit Tandon Biochemistry, P.U., status of t cell subtypes in lupus patients Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Strain of dentist due to PPE kits during 3. Deeksha Sector25, covid pandemic Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Dr. Suruchi 4. Sector25, Nanorobotics: headway towards dentistry Thawa Chandigarh Melaka Manipal Effectiveness of culture media for the Dr. Shobha 5. Medical College, isolation of bacteris from paediatric urine K.L. Manipal samples

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Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Dr. Shaveta 6. Sector25, Innovations in periodontal regeneration Sood Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Swarnendu 1.Dentistry2.0 7. Sector25, Sarangi 2. the adopted healthcare Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., 8. Dr. Sidhi Passi Sector25, Oral healthcare for kids Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Monish Spectroscopy technique detection for 9. Sector25, Sapam potentially malignant oral lesions Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Teranite as bone adhesive the final 10. Priya Saini Sector25, frontier Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Role of oil pulling therapy in oral health 11. Shifali Sector25, maintanence Chandigarh 7 Bodhi Marg, DLF Dr. Ria Minimizing aerosol transmission of 12. city, PH1 gurgaon, Tandon COVID-19 in dental clinics Haryana Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Raavi Kaur Forensic odontology in Crime 13. Sector25, Bains investigation bite marks analysis Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., 14. Anchal Ohri Sector25, Biomemetics Nature inspired healing Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sharma Sector25, 15. Anupama Dental carries vaccine Chandigarh Vimalkumar

Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Dental carries vaccine 16. Dr. Poonam Sector25, Chandigarh 210

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Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Ananya A feather in the cap of india's testing 17. Sector25, Kanwar capacity: true nat Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., A feather in the cap of india's testing 18. Vastvikta Goel Sector25, capacity: true nat Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., 19. Ankush Kumar Sector25, The art of safety: make in dentistry Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., 20. Deepa Devi Sector25, The art of safety: make in dentistry Chandigarh Studies on Molecular Interactions of Mehak Limonoids from Azadirachtaindica with 21. Panjab University Khurana TrkB Receptor: In Silico Docking Approach. Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Aarushi Robotics in Dentistry 22. Sector25, kaushik Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Robotics in Dentistry 23. Gayatri Sector25,

Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Oinam Monica 24. Sector25, Biosensors in Covid-19 Era Devi Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Regenerative Endodontics-A new era in 25. Priyanka Bang Sector25, Dentistry Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., 26. Shreya Sector25, Robotics in Dentistry Chandigarh

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Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Potential 27. Aabha Sector25, Therapy To Treat Coronavirus Disease Chandigarh 2019 Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Aparna Sweeps technology for a clean sweep of 28. Sector25, Pandey root canals Chandigarh Dept of Chetna Role of pine nut oil on High fat diet 29. Biochemistry, P.U. Bhandari induced obesity Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., 30. Leena Verma Sector25, Nursing bottle Caries - a review article Chandigarh Dept of Prashast Application of Ayurveda in Amelioration 31. Microbiology, P.U. iTikoo of Immunity Chandigarh Dept of Synthesis and evaluation of anticancer Shagun 32. Biochemistry, P.U. actuvity of organotin schiff bases derived Sharma Chandigarh from Glutamine 7 bodhi marg DLF Minimizing aerosol transmission of covid 33. Ria Tandon City ph 1 Haryana 19 in dental clinics Dept of Application of Ayurveda in Amelioration 34. Shine Microbiology, P.U. of Immunity Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Dental ozone:an evolving trend in 35. Gazala Ameen Sector25, dentistry Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Aarushi 36. Sector25, Robotics in dentistry Kaushik Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Sector25, New techniquesfor diagnosis of meningial 37. Nidhi Chandigarh tuberculosis

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Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., New techniquesfor diagnosis of meningial 38. Shifali Trikha Sector25, tuberculosis Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., New techniquesfor diagnosis of meningial 39. Simranjit Kaur Sector25, tuberculosis Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Digital smile designing- a peak into the 40. Tripat Jot Kaur Sector25, future Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., 41. Avreet Sector25, The Art of Safety: Make in dentistry Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Deepika 42. Sector25, Forensic Endodontics Panwar Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., New techniques for diagnosis of 43. Nidhi Sector25, meningeal tuberculosis Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., Cold atmosphere plasma- A quatum leaf 44. Simran Sector25, in dentistry Chandigarh Dr. H.S.J.I.D.S., New technologies for diagnosis of 45. Simranjit Kaur Sector25, tubercular tuberculosis Chandigarh Aryan 1036 phase 4 46. Dental lasers in periodontics Wadhera Mohali Phase 1, 47. Bhavika Gupta ashokvihar, new Dental lasers in periodontics delhi Sector 33 b, Sukhmani Dental lasers in periodontics 48. chandigarh Karanbir Singh

Dept of Identification of peptide epitope using using 49. Shania Vij Microbiology, PU- immunoinformatics approach with a view to evaluate Chd its immunogenicity against T. Salmonellosis. 213

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Role of mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated NLRP3 inflammosome activation in acute lung injury Gayatri Puri1, and Amarjit S. Naura Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Email id: [email protected] Abstract Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary inflammatory disorder, characterized by the recruitment of neutrophils, and edema formation in the lungs. Intracellular oxidative stress has been considered as a major component in the pathogenesis of ALI but the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress has not been explored yet. Accordingly, the present study has been designed to elucidate the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress and its downstream NLRP3 inflammasomes pathway in a mouse model of ALI. ALI was induced in male BALB/c mice by i.t. instillation of HCl (2ml/kg) or LPS (1mg/kg) as single-hits or with both the agents (HCl+LPS) to mimic two-hit model of ALI and 10mg/kg mitochondrial antioxidant (mito-tempo) was administered 30 min prior the injury. Our data revealed that mito-tempo (mitochondrial antioxidant) significantly diminished lung inflammation, mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by HCl instillation. Interestingly, in the two-hit model of ALI, the installation of LPS in addition to HCl resulted in an amplified inflammatory response as reflected by neutrophil influx and edema in BALF. Further, mitochondrial oxidative stress and its downstream NLRP3 inflammasomes activation were found to be associated closely with the severity of lung injury. Intriguingly, administration of mito-tempo prior to ALI induction mitigated mitochondrial oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasomes activation, and lung inflammation. Taken together all our findings suggest that mitochondrial oxidative stress is a critical player in the pathogenesis of ALI and hence mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, such as mito-tempo can be a promising treatment strategy.

Carbohydrate metabolism in the developing kernel of normal, sweet corn and quality protein maize Sanjeev kumar1, Ramesh Kumar2 and D.P. Chaudhary2 1Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 2Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana – 141004, India Email [email protected] Abstract Maize is an important food crop widely used in the milking stage for human consumption. Although some mutants like su1 and sh2 exhibits considerable amount of sweetness during milking stage, but the expression of sugars and the associated enzymes is not well understood in the developing maize kernel. The present study was planned to evaluate the time course expression of sugars (fructose, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol and starch) and enzymes (invertase, sucrose synthase and hexokinase) in the developing kernel of normal, sweet corn and quality protein maize. The results revealed higher concentrations of free sugars in the initial stages of kernel development. Sweet corn possesses significantly higher concentration of sugars and low concentrations of starch as compared to normal and quality protein maize (QPM) genotypes in the milking stage of kernel. The invertase activity was found to be maximum in the initial stages of kernel development and then showed a declining trend. In contrast, the activity of sucrose synthase was found low at 15 DAP but increased at 30 and 45 DAP. The activity of hexokinase was found low at the initial stages which further 214

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reduced significantly (47%) with increasing DAP. However, the activity of hexokinase was found lowest in sweet corn at 15 DAP but increased drastically and showed maximum content at 30 DAP and 45 DAP.

Keywords: Maize, sweet corn, QPM, sugars, starch, invertase, sucrose synthase, hexokinase.

Methanolic extract of commiphorawightiiameliorates lung inflammation in mouse model of chronic obstructive Manpreet Kaur, Jai Malik#, Amarjit S. Naura* # University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India *Department of Biochemistry, PanjabUniversity, Chandigarh-160014, India Email id: [email protected] Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health concern worldwide with increasing incidence, prevalence and mortality. COPD is progressive lung disorder characterized by irreversible airflow limitation, persistent respiratory symptoms and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract with increased number of inflammatory cells. Neutrophilic airway inflammation is key feature of COPD and contributes to the pathophysiology of disease. Although many drugs are used to treat COPD but unfortunately current therapies are inadequate and have numerous adverse effects. Medicinal plants are most widespread form of medications for treating various human ailments. Commiphorawightii of family burseracea is used in traditional system of medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases like arthritis, gout and rheumatism. But, the role of C.wightii extract is not explored in COPD. So, the present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of purified oleogum resin of C. wightii against COPD associated lung inflammation using mouse model of the disease. Methanolic extract of C. wightii was prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. COPD was induced in male Balb/c mice by i.t instillation of elastase (1U) and plant extract was administered orally at different doses, 60 min prior to elastase injury. After 24 h of elastase instillation, our data revealed a significant increase in the number of total inflammatory cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Interstingly, extract administration reduced elastase induced lung inflammation in dose-dependent manner. Overall, our findings suggest methanolic C. wightii extract exhibit anti-inflammatory properties which might be responsible for attenuating elastase induced pulmonary inflammation.

Bifidobacterium breveBif 11 protects against airway inflammation in ovalbumin induced asthma in mice Naina Monga, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi#, Amarjit S. Naura* # Food & Nutrition Biotechnology Division National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali * Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India Email id: [email protected] Abstract: Asthma is a complex disease that results from various host environment interactions. Asthma affects 300 million people globally hence, associated with enormous healthcare expenditures. Previous studies have reported that innate and adaptive immune responses contribute to the complexity of asthma.

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Eosinophils are the circulating granulocytes involved majorly in the pathogenesis of asthma and play key role in asthma processes. Currently, the therapeutic strategies against asthma are limited and mainly provide symptomatic relief. Many interesting evidences have expanded our knowledge on the composition of the human microbiome as well as its relation to diseased state. Recent reports have stemmed our interest in exploring the role of probiotics in the prevention of allergic disorders. Moreover, the strains of beneficial bacteria that are relevant for Indian population have not been explored yet. In the view of this, present study is sculpted to investigate the prophylactic effects of lactic acid producing bacterial strains on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in mice. Accordingly, we investigated the role of putative probiotic strain Bifidobacterium breve Bif11 for its protective potential in asthma pathogenesis using OVA induced mouse model. Our data clearly suggest that a prominent increase in number of total inflammatory cells especially eosinophils was observed in the BALF of mice subjected to OVA sensitization and subsequent airway challenge. On the other hand, oral administration of Bifidobacterium breve Bif 11 at dose of either 1×1010 or 2×1010 CFU for 39 days, exerted inhibitory effects on airway inflammatory cells majorly on eosinophils in a dose dependent manner upon OVA exposure. Overall, our data suggest that Bifidobacterium breve Bif 11 has the potential to suppress allergic airway inflammation.

Development of short antimicrobial peptides insilico genome mining of Streptococcus salivarius Vishakha Grover1, Priyanka Chopra2, Manjula Mehta1 1. Dr. HSJ Institute of dental sciences and hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh. 2. Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Delhi. Email-id: mailto:vishakha_grover@rediffmail,com Abstract Background: Human oral microflora is one of most complex microbial communities known. A consistent competitive environment in this niche necessitates the generation of diverse antimicrobial compounds from the resident flora to ensure their existence. Bacteriocins are the prime class of these bioactive molecules, playing a significant impact on oral ecology by inhibiting the growth of closely related inhabitants. Streptococcus salivarius, a primary colonizer and commensal oral bacteria is known to harbor a plethora of antimicrobial peptides. Few compounds have been developed in to commercial antimicrobial products from this microbe e.g BLIS K2. However, there still exists a huge diversity of bacteriocins that remained unexplored. Objective: In silico genome screening of untapped oral microflora viz., streptococcus salivarius for the detection of antimicrobial compounds left as hypothetical peptides. Methods: Draft genomes of oral Streptococcus salivarius strains were analyzed using ExPASy Proteomics server, RAST (Rapid annotation using subsystem technology) andAntiSMASH (Antibiotics & Secondary Metabolite Analysis SHell). The antimicrobial potency of peptides was predicted by using AMP database and Bactibase. Selected peptides were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity was determined. Results: Alignment of bacteriocin biosynthetic clusters of Streptococcus strains revealed highly conserved nature among accessory genes involved in posttranslational modifications. The putative bacteriocin amino acid sequences displayed variations between the strains. Further, designed and predicted short peptides displayed inhibition of specific strain(s) and biofilm formation, indicating their ability of being specifically targeted antimicrobial peptides.

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Effectiveness of Culture Media For The Isolation Of Bacteria From Paediatric Urine Samples Shobha K.L Professor, Department of Microbiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, (Manipal Campus), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Email: [email protected] . 0820-2922521

ABSTRACT Introduction: Solid culture media remains essential for the identification of thepathogenic bacteria from clinical samples and also to study its antibiotic susceptibility patternin order to facilitate the treatment. The present study was done to study the effectiveness ofdifferent culture media in the diagnostic laboratory from the urine samples.Material and methods: Urine samples from children (day one to 18years) attending atertiary care hospital, and suspected of urinary tract infections were collected in a sterile widemouthed container and inoculated onto 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey’s agar (HiMedia,Mumbai). Semiquantitative technique of Kass concept was followed for significantbacteriuria. Identification of organism was done by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry andAntimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using VITEK 2 system. Results: A total of 1792 paediatric urine samples were collected over a period of one year,1157 ( 64.56%) samples were sterile.587 (92.44%) samples grew significant bacteria on culture media. These were further identified as Ecoli 418 (71.20%) , Klebsiella spps 124 (21.12%) and Proteus spps 20(3.40%) .These bacteria grew on both the media used. E coliand Klebsiella species produced pink colonies and Proteus species produced pale colonies onMacConkey agar. 14 Ecoli strains and 9 Klebsiella strains were multidrug resistantbacteria. Out of 48 (7.55%) samples with gram positive cocci, 36 (75%) was enterococcusand 9 (18.75%) Staphylococcus species, 3(6.25%) samples grew only on blood agar, identified as Streptococcus species. Enterococcus species was sensitive to Linezolid andVancomycin. One strain of Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to methicillin. Conclusion: Both 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar are together effective in theisolation of bacteria from paediatric urine samples. Bacteria can be differentiated onMacConkey agar and growth of fastidious organism like Streptococcus species is only onblood agar. Since multidrug resistant strains are emerging in paediatric age group, antibiotics has to be precariously used to prevent drug resistance.

COVID-19 and Dentistry Jashanpreet Dr. HSJ institute of Dental Sciences college and hospital, CHANDIGARH Dr. Litesh Singla

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV remains a significant issue for global health, economics and society. Accurate diagnosis as well as early identification and management of high risk cases are important for dental society.WHO on 11th march 2020 declared COVID-19 as pandemic and since then this disease has become a public emergency of international concern. The latest recommendation for prevention ofCOVID-19 includes avoidance of personnel contact and keeping social distance but 217

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thisrecommendationcan not be applied in health care works including dental clinics. All the dentistsand dental assistance are at very high risk of disease. The aim of this presentation is to recommend infection control strategies and patientmanagement protocols to provide optimum dental care and simultaneously prevent nosocomialinfection in dental settings

KEYWORD: COVID-19 Initial screening, PPE kit, Donning and Doffing, Hygiene

Oral Infections and Systemic Diseases. Sonia Bhonchal Bhardwaj. Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh. Email- [email protected] Mobile-9872523838.

Abstract

A link between oral infections and serious medical problems like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis,stroke, oral cancer, heart disease and Alzheimer’s disease has now been established. Peoplehaving chronic infections like periodontitis have higher risk of heart attack. Periodontalpathogens like Porphyromonasgingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tanerella forsythia promoteatherosclerosis, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis. Human papilloma virus (HPV) and herpes simplexvirus (HSV) in mouth may play a role in oral cancer. Certain strains of Candida albicans arecarcinogenic and can cause oral cancers. Recently a direct relationship between periodontitis andAlzheimer’s disease has been linked. Therefore, a good oral health is one of the factors requiredfor preventing life threatening systemic diseases.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Randia Dumetorum Fruit Against Acid Aspiration-Mediated Ali In Mice Arun Narota*, Ashwani Kumar #, Amarjit S. Naura * * Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh- 160014 # University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh- 160014 Email id: [email protected]

Abstract

Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and its more severe form Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate (27-41%). There is no pharmacologicaltherapy present so far to treat ALI because of the complex mechanism and involvement ofmultiple pathways. So, the present study was designed to test the role of differentextract/fractions of fruits of a traditional plant RandiadumetorumLamk. utilizing mouse modelof acid aspiration (HCl) mediated ALI. Hydromethanolic

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extract (HME) was screened for anti-inflammatory activity at 100, 200 and 400mg/kg doses by means of total and differential cellcount in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Our data demonstrated that oral administration of HME inmice prior to induction of ALI resulted in reduction of number of BALF inflammatory cells, particularly neutrophils in a dose dependent manner. Further, HME was partitioned into ethylacetate soluble (EASF) and ethyl acetate insoluble fraction (EAISF) for extractingphytoconstituents on the basis of differential polarity and our data revealed that EAISF showedbetter efficacy than EASF for amelioration of lung inflammation suggesting that polarcompounds might be responsible for anti- inflammatary action of R. dumetorumfruits.Considering our data, further efforts would be made to identify and purify thesubfraction/phytochemical that may exhibit the maximum anti-inflammatory properties. Overall, our results validate the traditional use of R. dumetorum fruits in managing the respiratoryailments and further fractionation and investigation of EAISF is encouraged to unveil thebioactive ingredient possesing anti-inflammatory potential.

Hydroxytyrosol Alleviates Parkinsonism in Caenorhabditis elegans and C57BL/6 Mice Model of PD.

Anjana 1, Rajat Sandhir1 , Rakesh Pandey 2

1 Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India. 2 Microbial Technology and Nematology Department, CSIR- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India Email: [email protected] Abstract

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerativedisorder after Alzheimer’s disease. The pathological hallmark of PD involves the death ofdopaminergic neurons and aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn). Nowadays therapeutics for PDprovidessatisfactory symptom relief but not a cure. New drugs that will prevent or arrest theprogressive course of PD by correcting disease-specific pathogenic process are of greatinterest. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a natural polyphenol present in extra virgin olive oil and iswell known for its antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thepotential for HT to ameliorate PD features in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and MPTPPD model in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: The effect of HT was evaluated on alpha-synuclein aggregation using transgenicstrain NL5901 expressing alpha-synuclein tagged with YFP in body wall muscles of C. elegans. Dopaminergic neurodegeneration in C. elegans was assessed using transgenicmutants BZ555 (Pdat-1: GFP)treated with MPP + . Measurement of the DA contents wasindirectly carried out by nonanol repulsion assay. In MPTP mice model of PD, immunohistochemistryfortyrosine hydroxylase was performed to check the effect of HT ondopaminergic neurons. Various neurobehaviour tests were done to evaluate motor functions. Results: We demonstrated that HT diminished α-syn aggregation in thetransgenic C. elegans model. HT also reduced MPP + -induced dopaminergic neurondegeneration, improved locomotory behavior and dopamine levels in pharmacological andtransgenic C. elegans model. Moreover, we found that HT rescues dopaminergic neurons andreverse the motor impairments in C57BL/6 mice model of PD. 219

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Conclusion: Together, these findings support HT as a possible anti-parkinsonian moleculethat could be an effective lead molecule for the treatment of PD. Ethics statement: All the experimental protocols followed in in-vivo mice model study werein accordance with the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (PU/45/99/CPCSEA/IAEC/2018/177) and were as per the guidelines for humane use and careof laboratory animals. Acknowledgements: The financial assistance provided by the University Grantscommission, New Delhi under the scheme of Basic Science Research (BSR) scholarship(UGC Ref. No. F.25-1/2014-15(BSR)/7- 209/2009[BSR] is highly acknowledged.

Frequently Touched Surfaces In Hospitals: Source Of Infections Jyoti Sharma & Manjula Mehta Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, P.U, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT

For the several decades the potential for contaminated environmental surfaces to contributetowards transmission of health care associated pathogens has been well studied. Thistransmission depends upon the variety of the factors like ability of the pathogen to remainviable on a variety of dry environmental surfaces, the frequency with which they contaminatesurfaces which are commonly touched by health care workers as well as patients and whetheror not the levels of contamination are sufficiently high to result in transmission to patients.The various studies in the literature are clustered on the microbial profile of the clinicalsurfaces in the hospital environment whereas very less has been studied about other hightouch surfaces in the hospitals which include door handles, drawer knobs, elevator buttons,electrical switches, water taps and computer keyboards etc. These inanimate surfaces in aclinical set up are reported as potential vehicle for transmission of nosocomial pathogensfrom dental health care personnel. These surfaces may act as an open growth places ofbiological infectious agents and their potentially dispersion in the community. Effectiveinfection control strategies are a must to prevent hospital acquired transmission of themicrobes. These potential high touch surfaces should be frequently decontaminated.

Review Of Iot Based Systems In Epidemics Manpreet Kaur Dhaliwal, Dr. Rohini Sharma DCSA, PUNJAB UNIVERSITY, CHANDIGARH

Abstract: Healthcare has become one of the largest industries in terms of innovation. As theworld is facing a pandemic. IoT technologies can help in the fight against Covid -19. Drones, wearable devices, Mobile apps, Autonomous vehicles, IoT buttons, smart thermometers, androbots had an extensive impact on the fight against Pandemic. As IoMT facilitate remote patientmonitoring, autonomous vehicles are used for delivering meals and medical supplies. Theintegration and communication of objects make life easier in these

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situations. This paper coversan extensive review of various epidemics reported in the past, how IoT is used to handle suchsituations, the datasets used for experiments, how data are collected and the key findings from the literature reviews. The open issues in IoT to handle an epidemic are also discussed.

Spectroscopy - Technique For Detection Of Potentially Malignant Oral Lesions -Monish Sapam, Dr Harvanshsingh judge institute of dentalscience and hospital, Panjab University

Abstract Oral cancer is known to develop from pre existing potentially malignant oral lesions (PMOL). PMOL are lesions of the oral mucosa which are at an increased risk for malignanttransformations compared to healthy mucosa. Oral cancers are diagnosed when they becomesymptomatic. if they are diagnosed and treated at an early stage then survival rate can beimproved. The common procedures for detecting PMOL are visual inspection then confirmation by biopsy. Others technique includes vital staining procedure (toludine blue and lugol iodine), brush biopsyetcSpectroscopy is the study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation in all its form withmatter. Spectrometry is the spectroscopic technique used to assess the concentration or amountof given species. Optical spectroscopy explores the optical phenomena resulting from theinteraction of light and biological tissue. It may be useful in analysis of differences in betweennormal and cancerous tissue. Optical spectroscopy has the potential to detect malignant lesionsearlier before they become macroscopically visible. Three optical spectroscopy technique thatare currently utilized are fluorescence, elastic scattering and Raman spectroscopy

Co-localization of PGC-1α and p65 influences mitochondrial dynamics and alters thebehavioral characteristics in animals following chronic hypoperfusion injury. Avishek Halder and Rajat Sandhir Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block II, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor induced by a wide range ofstimuli, including hypoxia. Previous studies have illustrated the inhibitory effect of p65 (asubunit of NF-κB) over PGC-1α. Neuroprotective effects exerted by PGC-1α includesregulation over mitochondrial dynamics and functioning. In vitro and in vivo model of chronichypoperfusion injury was studied for probable influence of phos-p65/PGC-1α interaction overmitochondrial dynamics and subsequent alterations in animal behavioral characteristics. Immunofluorescence studies revealed an increase in cellular co-localization of phos-p65 and

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PGC-1α. Activation of NF-κB following hypoxia decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), elevated the levels of apoptosis and mitochondrial fission. Alterations inglutamate/glutamine and dopamine/serotonin metabolism were also found to influencesynaptic integrity. In addition, chronic hypoperfusion resulted in cognitive memory deficitsalong with alterations in the levels of anxiety. MG132 mediated inhibition of proteasomereduced the abundance of phos-p65 that ameliorated the changes observed in MMP, apoptosisand restored the balance in mitochondrial dynamics by increasing mitochondrial fusion. Inaddition, behavioral changes were restored following MG132 administration. These findingsshow that co- localization of PGC-1α and NF-κB is a pivotal event that might regulatemitochondrial dynamics and animal behavior following chronic hypoperfusion injury. Ethics statement: The experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee under approval number PU/IAEC/S/15/105 and were according to the guidelines for humane use and care of experimental animals. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi under theBasic Science Research (BSR), Grant/Award Number: F.4-1/2006[BSR]/7-209/2009 [BSR]; UGC-SAP (DRS Phase II), and DST-PURSE (Phase II).

Forensic Odontology: Bite Mark Analysis In Crime Investigation Raavi Kaur Bains, B.D.S. Student 4th YearDr. HSJIDS, Chandigarh Abstract Bite mark analysis plays a significant role in forensic odontology. One of the roles of a forensicodonologist is to delve into the bite mark identification and analysis. They can be recorded inviolent crimes such as sexual offences, homicides, child abuse cases, and during sports events. Bite marks may be one of the physical and biological evidences left by the criminal at the site ofcrime or the victim. Salivary DNA evidence is also considered to identify the bite perpetrator. Acomparison is carried out between a known person's dentition to a pattemed injury that appearsto be a bite mark, which is then used to eliminate the identity of the suspect in relation to the bitemark. Various methods of analysis are employed for this purpose. Inrespective of the method used,bite mark analysis include registration of both the bite mark and the suspect dentition to carry outthe comparison. This area of study has also faced many criticisms due to its limitations.

Understanding The Regulation Of Β-Catenin Expression And Activation In Colorectal Carcinogenesis: Beyond Destruction Complex Yogain Taank1,

1. Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Dr. Navneet Agnihotri (e-mail: [email protected]) (8360313948) Abstract Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling is central to colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. The well-known potential of targeting Wnt signaling pathway for the treatment of CRC is largely attributed to the ability of Wnt pathway 222

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to regulate various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, immune response, apoptosis, and cellular metabolism. However, with the current approach of targeting this pathway, none of the Wnt targeted agents have been successfully implicated in clinical practice. Instead of using classical approaches to target this pathway, there is a growing need to find new and modified approaches to achieve the same. For this, a better understanding of regulation of β-catenin is must. Recent advances in understanding the involvement of novel protein regulators are already driving various treatment decisions for the treatment of cancers. The present review addresses the importance of understanding the regulation of β- catenin beyond destruction complex from a therapeutic point of view. Few recently discovered β-catenin regulators such as ZNF281, TTPAL, AGR2, ARHGAP25, TREM2 and TIPE1 showed a significant potential in regulating the development of CRC through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These regulatory proteins not only influence the activation and expression of β-catenin, but are also directly involved in the development of CRC. Therefore, we suggest that focusing current time research on finding the detailed mechanism of action of them may provide us with a better treatment approach or may help to improve current treatment regimen.

Sedentary Lifestyle During Covid-19 Dr. Ashima*, Shivali*, Martie*, Inderpreet*, Angeliina*, Dr. Manoj Kumar**, Dr Savita Prashar*** *Student of first year MPH, Centre of Public Health, Panjab University, Chandigarh **Asst. professor, Centre of Public Health, Panjab Univeristy, Chandigarh ***Coordinator Centre of Public Health, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email: [email protected] Abstract The first objective of this explorative study was to identify determinants of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in different age groups. Secondly, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of sedentary lifestyle during the COVID 19 pandemic and its effect on different age groups. With the help of a semi-structured questionnaire, an online survey comprising 200 people was conducted, with candidates falling in the age group of 15 – 60 years. The study took place between 6 th December 2020 to 08 th December 2020. The study questions included; the participant’s age and height, the time they spent on watching television, the time they spent on physical exercise and weight of respondents before and after the lockdown. COVID 19 pandemic has resulted in most countries adopting to a lockdown system or just limiting movement within or outside the countries which subsequently resulted in sedentary lifestyle. The study showed that 16.5% of respondents did not engage in any form of physical exercise in a day, 7.59% spent more than 4 hours watching television in a day and about 48% of respondents reported spending more than 4 hours a day browsing the internet. Inability to engage in physical activity and sedentary lifestyle puts one at risk of various health problems such as hypertension and obesity. Engaging in physical activity on a regular basis is a necessity for a healthy lifestyle and hence, there is a constant need to make people aware of the same especially, in times of “work from home”. KEYWORDS: sedentary lifestyle, sedentary behavior, mental work, diet, physical inactivity, sit-stand desks, exercise pause, inactive lifestyle, health risks.

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Association between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and periodontal Disease Dr. Gurparkash Singh Chahal Assistant Professor Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Sector 25, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email id- [email protected]

ABSTRACT Introduction There is a huge body of evidence which have reported periodontal disease as a risk factor for various overall health conditions and pointing to an interrelationship between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases. Objectives To explore the association between periodontal disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Materials and method In this study, clinical periodontal parameters, systemic markers for 40 NAFLD patients and gender matched healthy controls were recorded. Results A statistically significant difference was observed in clinical parameters of periodontal status, except for malocclusion. Positive correlation (p=0.008) was found to be present between bleeding on probing- serum TNF-α (A) in cases. Conclusions Results point to a plausible mediating link of periodontal and systemic health in NAFLD patients.

Role Of Curcumin As An Adjunct To Periodontal Therapy- A Review Dr Nandini Bhaskar* , Dr Jyoti Gupta* [email protected] , [email protected] (Department of Periodontics, Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Abstract Periodontitis is a chronic inﬂammatory disease that is characterized by destruction of the connective tissue and the alveolar bone around teeth, eventually leading to tooth loss. The primary etiological factor in the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases is the microbial biofilm. While the biofilm may contain hundreds of diverse bacterial species, current data suggest that only a small number of Gram-negative microorganisms play a vital role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Periodontitis is a bacterial initiated but host modulated chronic infection that leads to destruction of the connective tissue supporting the teeth. Immune and inflammatory response directed against specific bacteria and its products become responsible for the local periodontal tissue loss in susceptible persons. Non-surgical therapy has been the mainstay of periodontal management with mechanical removal of plaque being the predominant method. However,some individuals non responsive with only mechanical therapy benefit from supplementation with antimicrobial therapy. The use of adjunctive antimicrobial therapy has been plagued by problems of 224

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microbial resistance of local and gut flora. The identification of modified tetracycline made a paradigm shift in host modulation wherein the inflammatory pathway of host connective tissue destruction was altered without affecting the microbial profile. However, modulating the host response by anti-inﬂammatory agents could provide another viable pathway to managing poorly responding periodontal patients. The overall objective of this paper is to review current data pertinent to curcumin and its dual anti-inﬂammatory and antimicrobial properties and to explore its potential in managing patients with periodontal diseases. The use of turmeric for health reasons and preservation of food has been described in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine since the 7th century AD.

Psychological Impact Of Covid-19 On General Public Kavya Sharma, Sudiksha Rana, Iram, Vaishali, Stanzin, Bharti Dr: Manoj kumarCenter for Public Health Panjab University, Chandigarh Kavya Sharma- [email protected] 7696812082

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic has been spreading rapidly. In March 2020, the outbreak of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reached all the countries. India reported its first COVID-19 case on 30 January 2020 from Kerala and ever since the numbers have increased each day. The objective of this work was to examine the psychological impact of the pandemic. We investigated the prevalence of fear of corona virus, emotional symptoms and sleep problems. We also examined possible positive effects. Results indicated that the most common fears pertain to the domains of contagion/disease/death, social isolation, and employment/income issues. We found high levels of emotional impact reflected in fear of corona virus, sleep problems, and emotional symptoms (preoccupation, distress, hopelessness, depression, anxiety, nervousness, and restlessness). With the unfolding of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an ascent in psychological issues amongst people globally. People are finding it difficult to cope with the fear of contracting corona virus, loss of loved ones, economic and occupational burden and other psychosocial issues, an, also are in a state of uncertainty about the future.

Keywords: COVID-19, mental stress, population.

Objective: The epidemi has brought not but also unbearable psychological pressure. When the global focus has mostly been on testing, finding a cure and preventing transmission; people are going through a myriad of psychological problems in adjusting to the current lifestyles and fear of the disease. A cross sectional survey design was decided to assess the initial psychological impact of COVID-19, (fears worries and impairment in sleep). We designed an online survey which was conducted using Google Forms with link sent using WhatsApp. We collected data using an online survey platform (Google Form) as per Indian Government's recommendations to minimize face-to-face or physical interaction as citizens continue to isolate themselves at home. A 27-item self-designed questionnaire was used for the study. Our primary aim is to evaluate the psychological and mental impacts of COVID-19 on the general population. We investigated the prevalence of fear of corona virus, emotional symptoms and sleep problems and possible positive effects. Results indicated that the most common fears pertain to the domains of contagion/disease/death and /income issues. We found high levels of emotional impact reflected in fear of corona virus, sleep problems, and emotional symptoms (preoccupation, distress, depression, anxiety, nervousness, and restlessness) lastly, important information 225

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should be widely communicated with the general public and global health community to prevent psychological consequences of COVID-19 in different population groups.

Strain of dentist due to PPE kits during covid pandemic

Deeksha

Dept of conservative and operative dentistry, drharvanshsingh judge institute of dental science and hospital, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT: After a slow start due to effective lockdown, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in India has been raging at rapid pace posing challenge to healthcare system in country. One of the most effected sectors is dentistry, BAU aka. Business as usual would take time to pace up. Personal protective equipment (PPE) provides a shield of protection for healthcare workers (HCW) fighting the disease as a valuable asset to the nation. However, there are various problem associated with PPE ranging from its shortage to problem arising from heat, dehydration, fogging of spectacles etc. There is a need to asses the problem face by HCW, both quantitively and qualitively for timely and effective redressal.

Smoking And Dental Implant Failure

Dr. Rose Kanwaljeet Kaur,

Department of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT: Smoking is a prevalent behaviour in the population. Smoking has its influence on general as well as oral health of an individual. Tobacco negatively affects the outcome of almost all therapeutic procedures performed in the oral cavity. The use of osseointegrated implants as a foundation for the prosthetic replacement of missing teeth has become widespread in the last decade. Owing to the remarkable success of dental implants, there has been growing interest in identifying the factors associated with implant failure. Given the well-documented deleterious effect of smoking on wound healing after tooth extraction and its association with poor quality bone and periodontal disease, a negative effect of tobacco use on implant success is to be expected. Especially lower success rates have been observed in patients with certain systemic diseases or habits such as smoking. So considering the above points, the aim of this review is to bring to light the effects of smoking on dental implants.

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Salivary Interleukins In Dermatological Lesions

Dr. Simranjit Singh,

Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh

ABSTRACT: Dermatological diseases involve chronic immune-mediated inflammatory process. They are usually multifactorial diseases characterized by a chronic inflammatory process involving innate and adaptive immunity, leading to persistent activation of the immune response in epithelial surfaces and dysregulation of the host inflammatory response. The pathogenesis of dermatological diseases involves the combination of genetic susceptibility, aberrant immune response, and several environmental factors (injuries, viral infections, medications taken, food intolerances). Currently, many biomarkers were proposed for skin diseases; however, none of them was considered as a valid and accepted disease marker. Interleukin-1β & Interleukin-6 are key inflammatory molecules implicated in the immunopathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, acting on epithelial cells, macrophages and fibroblasts. The ideal biomarker is a biological hallmark that is sensitive, specific, reproducible, and capable of identifying a physiological or pathological status and/or a therapeutic response. Therefore, saliva with its two secretory pathways has gained growing interest as an alternative and available biological sample to analyze, looking for biomarkers.

A Random Forest Based Machine Learning Model For Prediction Of Lifespan- Extending Compounds In Drosophila Melanogaster

Sandeep1,2*, Rishabh Dilip Kumar Gupta1

1. Department of Bioinformatics, GGDSD College, Sec-32-C, Chandigarh.

2. Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh.

ABSTRACT

Background: Aging is a risk factor for a number of diseases and thus a urgent need of developing drugs that basically interfere with our physiological processes pharmacologically that would eventually slow down aging and consequently postpone the onset of various age related disorders. The only way to measure the effects of potential treatments is to carry out studies regarding understanding of age longevity, which are practically impossible using humans as models. Drosophila melanogaster is being used as a model organism for research studies related to aging for over a century.

Methods: In our work, DrugAge database was used for retrieval of chemical compounds whose effects were studied on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster. The dataset was divided in to training and test dataset

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for evaluation of different machine learning (ML) models. The descriptors of each dataset were calculated using PaDEL software. Feature selection was done by python-basedmethods such as RFE (Recursive Feature Elimination) and SelectKBest. Different ML classifiers such as SVM (Support Vector Machine), RF (Random Forest), kNN (K-Nearest Neighbors), LG (Logistic Regression) and Naives Bayes were evaluated using 10-fold cross validation and independent data set.

Results: The random forest model with the best predicative accuracy use chemical features of drugs, with an accuracy of 92% and 80% after 10-fold cross validation and independent data set evaluation respectively.

Conclusion: In this work, we build a RF based classification algorithm or method that can predict drugs with lifespan-extending effects on Drosophila. Cross validation and independent data set evaluations have demonstrated that our method can effectively narrow down the scope of candidate compounds needed to be verified by wet lab experiments in Drosophila melanogaster.

Impact Of Digital Media On Adolescent Health During Covid-19pandemic Kunal Singh**, Ankita** , Navneet**, Harneev** , James**, Shubham **Manoj Kumar*

** Postgraduate 1st year,*Asst.Professor, Center of Public Health, Punjab University ,Chandigarh (India) Email- [email protected]

Abstract The uprise in the catastrophe of COVID 19 gave an immeasurable impact on every sector ofthe world. Distinctively education fields all over countries including India are struck by thischaos, as from prevention of this outbreak people of all age groups go under lockdownuniversally enforced by the government. The widespread use of digital media by adolescentshas spurred speculation that the regular use will negatively impact the psycho-social andmentalwell being. The use of digital screens including television, computers, mobile phoneand smart devices can be associated with a wide range of pathological states. The availableevidence in this paper suggests that the increased screen time is associated with headache, dryness of eyes, anxiety, changes in the sleep cycle and behavioural patterns. It alsoshowcases the percentage of adolescents that have been affected as a result of the increasedinfluence of digital mediaduring this pandemic. As several studies have reported a risingtrend of screen time and its effect on overall well being of adolescents, it has become criticalto assess the adverse health adversities that may appear as its long term consequencesglobally. This paper highlights a survey of adolescents' statistical data and to what extent theyhave been affected both physically and mentally by these digital platforms. We are alsodiscussing its side effects and how to minimize the physical and mental fatigue that sets in thepopulation due to the CoVID19.

Key-words:-Adolescent, digital technology, media effect, mental health, smartphone, social media, socialnetworking site, review, well being.

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Dental Ozone - An Evolving Trend InDentisty Gazala Ameen Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute Of Dental Sciences And Hospital

Abstract Ozone has been used in medicine for over a century but it’s clinical application in dentistry has just began to be explored. Dentistry is changing as we are now using ozone therapy to practice dentistry. Ozone is an unstable blue colored gas, allotropic oxygen compound found in abundance in the stratosphere. Ozone therapy is a technique in which ozone gas is used in its gaseous, aqueous and oily form. Dental ozone is a strong oxidant, it has many properties like antimicrobial, immune stimulator, antihypoxic, potent regenerative agent for pulpal tissue, vasodilator and detoxicating agent which makes it a therapeutic agent of choice in dental treatment. Dental ozone is used for treatment of pit and fissure caries, root caries, interproximal caries, remineralization of non cavitated lesion, enamel cracks, TMD, peri-implantitis, chronic osteomyelitis and osteoradionecrosis. It’s also used as a disinfectant, root canal irrigants, tooth whitening, healing of denture stomatitis, aphthous ulcer, herpes ulcer, dry socket, subgingival irrigants and adjunct to periodontal therapy. It’s also used for decontamination of avulsed tooth, Dental unit waterline disinfection. We can use it for the anxiety reduction in the children as it’s a painless minimally invasive technique. Ozone inhalation can be toxic to the pulmonary system. It can cure by inhalation of humid oxygen and treated with vit E, ascorbic acid, acetyl cysteines.

Digital Smile Designing – A Peak Into The Future Tripat Jot Kaur Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University south campus, Sector 25, Chandigarh, 160014.

Abstract If beauty is power then smile is its sword! And hence to give patients a beautiful smile, today dental surgeons need to go beyond the boundaries of traditional dentistry and acquire a set of artistic and communicatory skills and vision which helps them to achieve the level of absolute detail and satisfaction. A fundamental objective of an aesthetic treatment is that the outcome of the treatment should meet the patient's expectation of enhancing his/her facial aesthetics and smile. A patient constantly doubting the end result of the treatment, which is an irreversible procedure, can be motivated and educated through Digital Smile Designing (DSD) technique. As the De Van states, “The dentist should meet the mind of the patient before he meets the mouth of the patient”, DSD is a technical tool which is used to design and modify the smile of patients digitally and helps them to visualize it beforehand by creating and presenting a digital mock-up of their new smile design before the treatment physically starts. DSD has basically democratized the way dentistry is performed by making the patient a ‘co-author’ in his/her own smile designing.

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Analysis of Differential Gene Expression In Oryza Sativa Under Abiotic Stress Shivani Devi 1, Mansi 1, Yogeeta Goyal 1, Navjot kaur 1, Yamini 1, Abhinav Rathee 1, Dr. Ruchi Sachdeva2 1. Student B.Sc. (Bioinformatics-Hons.), Department of Bioinformatics, G.G.D.S.D. College, Chandigarh, India, 160030. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Bioinformatics, G.G.D.S.D. College, Chandigarh, India, 160030.

Abstract Analysis review provides a systematic access to the previously studied microarray datasets that can recognize several common signatures of stresses. Three different datasets of abiotic stresses on rice were used for meta-analysis. These microarray datasets were normalized to regulate data for technical variation, as opposed to biological differences between the samples. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed the functional distribution of DEGs in different stressed conditions. To cope with abiotic stresses, plants can initiate a number of molecular, cellular and physiological changes that responds and adapt to such stresses. For understanding the responses of plant against any environmental condition requires the expression analysis of transcriptome data. The public database was accessed for gene expression data in response to drought, water and heat stresses. The common genes considered as marker genes, responding to all stress conditions. Further analysis was carried out using BLAST2GO and divided into three different categories: biological process, cellular component (nucleus and membrane), and molecular function (zinc ion binding ad DNA binding). The study revealed that 7723 genes were constantly expressed differentially in Oryza sativa in drought conditions (3871 up regulated and 3853 down regulated). Proteins involved in specific activities conferring tolerance to drought, salt and cold conditions found were : Beta- amylase, Cytochrome P450, Cyclin dependent protein kinases, NAC domain containing protein, AAA-ATPase, Mitogen activated protein kinases kinaseskinases 70, AP2 containing domain and Diacylglycerol kinases. The network constructed from 82 genes for up regulated revealed that they are connected with topological genes. These genes are stress responsive genes that may also be regarded as the marker genes for drought stress response. Our study reported a new set of hub genes (reference genes) that have potentially significant role in development of stress tolerant rice.

Keywords: Oryza sativa, Abiotic Stress, Microarray, Marker Genes.

Blast Analysis: The Key To Unlock Periodontal Microbiome? Vaibhav Sahni (presenting author) Dept. of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, U.T. – 160014, India

Abstract Periodontal diseases constitute one of the most common ailments to affect mankind. They are particularly distressing in terms of their treatment cost and eventual loss of teeth. They have also been associated with a number of systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases amongst others. Periodontal disease has a purported polymicrobial ecology and earlier studies based on culture methods were difficult to perform and often yielded confusing contradictory results. The advent of more targeted 230

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approaches such as those of PCR assays and DNA hybridization, enabled researchers to track variations in individual species, the most notable of which is the work of Socransky et al. These methods however, did not allow for a comprehensive perspective of the entire bacterial community. In recent times, 16S rRNA sequencing has made possible the species-level study of microbial communities. Running a sequence similarity search often enables one to identify novel DNA and protein sequences. This can further enable scientists to derive information regarding the functional aspects of certain sequences as well. One of the most popular methods of performing such searches is the utilization of the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool or ‘BLAST’. If this tool is repurposed to the periodontal setting, it can be utilized against curated 16S databases of the periodontal microbiome to map these communities at the levels of phyla, genera and species. This knowledge could not only find applications in identifying novel microbes but it could also lead to discoveries of species related to ones already known. This holds the potential to not only re-adjust our view of currently accepted microbial complexes involved in periodontal disease etiology and their management but also to prospectively alter the entire perception of the branch of periodontology and how we see it

Regenerative Endodontics- A New Era In Dentistry

Priyanka Bang

Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh

Abstract:

Immature teeth are susceptible to infections due to trauma, anatomic anomalies and caries. Traditional endodontic therapies for immature teeth promote resolution of disease and prevent future infections. However, these procedures fail to promote continued root development, leaving teeth susceptible to fractures. Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) have evolved in past decade, being incorporated into endodontic practice and becoming a viable treatment alternative for immature teeth. Regenerative endodontic procedures can be defined as biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged structures, including dentin and root structures, as well as cells of the pulp-dentin complex. The objectives of regenerative endodontic procedures are to regenerate pulp- like tissue, ideally, the pulp-dentin complex, regenerate damaged coronal dentin, such as following a carious exposure and regenerate resorbed root, cervical or apical dentin. Regenerative techniques has advantages and limitations and some of the techniques are hypothetical or at an early stage of development. The proposed therapies involving stem cells, growth factors and tissue engineering all require pulp revascularization, in itself an enormous challenge. Substantialadvances in regenerative endodontics are allowing a better understanding of a multitude of factors which govern stem cells- mediated regeneration and to produce the outcome of a regenerated repair of the damaged pulp-dentin complex. The future development of regenerative endodontic procedures will require a comprehensive research program directed at each of these components and their application.

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Study on Psychological Impact Of Covid19 Pandemic On Health Workers

Aprajita Singla1, Shallu Garg2, Savita Prasher3 and Naveen Krishan Goel4

1Research Scholar, Center for Public Health, Panjab University,Chandigarh, India.

2Public Health Specialist, Haryana Civil Medical Servcies, India.

3Coordinator, Center for Public Health, Panjab University,Chandigarh, India.

4Professor, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandiagrh, India.

Email id- [email protected]

Abstract

Introduction: There have been 67,210,778 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 1,540,777 death reported worldwide as of 8 December, 2020. Health Care workers experienced unprecedented levels of workload and pressure since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is a wide consensus that the outbreak of an infectious disease is often linked with adverse psychological outcomes. Compared with the general population, health care workers are more likely to experience a wide range of psychological impact following an emergency or disaster. Severe emotional stress had been reported during or after the infectious diseases outbreak among medical care workers in previous epidemics. Given the magnitude of pandemic of COVID-19 and the stress undergone by the medical care workers, adverse psychological outcomes are expected to occur among them. By understanding the psychological outcomes caused by an outbreak on health care workers, effective interventions can be developed to improve their psychological wellbeing. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of adverse psychological impact experienced by health care workers during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Objective: To assess the anxiety and mental wellbeing of Health Care Workers working in COVID19 pandemic.

Methodology: It is a cross sectional study. Study was conducted in first week of December, 2020. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and WHO-5 wellbeing Scale were used as assessment tools .Health Care Workers who were involved in COVID19 pandemic were included in the study. Data collected was analyzed for studying psychological impacts.

Results: 87 responses were received from 43 female and 44 male participants. Participants ranged from 22 years to 60 years of age. Participants were from diverse designation ranging from front line workers like MPHW to Medical College department Heads. 61 participants were married and 26 were single. 28.74% participants are feeling moderate to severe anxiety who scored more than 10 on Generalized Anxiety disorder scale and 35.63% participants are scoring 40% or less on WHO5 well-being score as a measure for mental well-being and 56.32 are scoring less than 60%.

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Conclusion: Working continuously for long hours in stressful situation of COVID pandemic is impacting mental wellbeing of health care workers and causing anxiety in them affecting their mental health status. They need support and counselling for to cope with stress of working in COVID19 pandemic.

Role Of Ayurveda In Increasing Immunity Against Covid-19

Nidhi Dhiman*, Parminder*, Tamana Sharma*, Manoj Kumar** Savita Prashar***

* 1styear Student MPH, *Asst. Professor,**Coordinator Centre of public health, panjab University Chandigarh(India)

Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Today the world continues to grapple with the COVID-19 pandemic which has set unprecedented times of distress in the history of mankind. The pandemic has set a monumental challenge to the healthcare system across the globe. While there is no cure found for battling the coronavirus pandemic, many health experts suggested boosting the body’s immunity. Ayurveda which is referred as “science of life “has multiple preventive techniques to boost immune system. The objective of our investigation is to discover these preventative and curative techniques to improve our immunity. The current review was conducted using a search of available literature on ayurveda and COVID-19, Dinacharya, Ritucharya, Coronavirus, SARS- CoV-2, Vyadhikshamatwa, immunity, immunomodulatory effects of medicinal plants; Tulsi, turmeric,giloy, ashwagandha, amla and rasayana. By adopting these techniques and measure both physical and mental health can be maintained as well as occurrence and spreading of such diseases can be avoided. Ayurveda can give this an encouraging development and a good initiative for the treatment.

Keywords: Covid -19, SARS-CoV-2, Ayurveda, Dinacharya, Ritucharya, Rasayana, Medicinal plants, Immunity

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Arogyada: Granter of Good Health: Including Myths And Awareness Regarding Menstruation In Girls

Garima*, Pratistha Sharma*, Anjuman Brar*, Harpreet Kaur Dhaliwal*, Sapanpreetkaur*, Shatakshi*, Shivani Dhiman*, Gurpreet Kaur Gill*,Manojkumar*,Savita Prashar*

*1st year MPH, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014

**Homeopathic Medical College, Chandigarh-160019

***Asst. Professor, Centre of public health, Panjab University Chandigarh-160014

**Coordinator Centre of public health Panjab University Chandigarh-160014

Email: [email protected]

Abstract: Menstruation has often been dealt with secrecy in India. Such perceptions coupled with lack of awareness and shame of expression have often kept girls believing those myths and taboos from ancient period. Onset of first menstrual cycle is termed as menarche signifies the initiation of sexual maturation of girls. In 20th century menarche usually be at age of 16-18 but with changes in lifestyle in 21th century early menarche is seen at age of 10-12. The present study aims to spread menstrual hygiene awareness by expunging out the myths, giving knowledge about various government schemes and making aware of problems related to menstruation. A cross sectional study was conducted in different localities among 150 girls, 30 girls from each locality. The questionnaire is filled digitally and the participants filled it voluntarily. Mothers were the most common informants for 82% of girls and sanitary pads were used by 56% of girls while 45% of girls still use cotton cloth. Problems like stomach ache, backache, anxiety, bloating are the most common. Support of male members is seen less and adolescent boys are seen bullying in many cases. Menstrual hygiene is need of the hour, that the red spot is not of shame but it is full of courage. Although menarchal health is acquiring greater significance across the globe but the taboos associated with menstruation are still prevailing in the society. Education on awareness, access to cheaper sanitary pads and disposal of pads need to be addressed.

Key words: Menstruation, Menarche, Myths, Menstrual Hygiene, Sanitary pads.

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In Silico Screening Of Phytochemicals As Potential Liver X Receptors (Lxrs) Ligands For The Treatment Of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease Sonam and Rajat Sandhir Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Block 2, Panjab University, Chandigarh - 160014, India E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Liver X receptors-LXRα and LXRβ are nuclear receptors encoded by genes NR1H3 and NR1H2, which have been implicated in the regulation of numerous physiological mechanisms, mainly in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, as well as in the detoxification of bile acids or lipids, glucose homeostasis, immunological, and neurological functions. These receptors are known to be stimulated by specific endogenous ligands: oxysterol compounds. These receptors are therefore promising therapeutic targets in various brain pathologies. The effective molecules that can target LXR are yet to be reported. The prediction for LXR-specific ligands is a difficult job, as the compounds show specificity towards each isoform. Some phytochemicals have a significant effect in controlling LXR-mediated homeostasis in the brain. To identify compounds that are potentially capable of activating LXR without any side-effect, we present an in silico screening approach to find the LXR binding capacity of phytochemicals. In this study, molecular docking used to select compounds with strong binding affinity, ADME to predict the pharmacokinetic properties, and toxicity prediction of selected phytochemicals were combined for the selection of new effective and bioavailable LXRs ligand. Based on binding free energy and drug-likeness characteristics, delphinidin and taxifolin were predicted to have high affinities with LXR. The results demonstrated that these compounds could act as potent LXR modulators.

Impact Of Altered Dietary Selenium On The Distribution Of Trace Elements In The Liver And Brain Regions Of Mice Sunil Kumar Sharma1, Biraja Prasad Mohanty2, Vishal Singh3, Mohinder Pal Bansal2, Nitin Kumar Singhal3, Suresh Kumar Sharma4, Rajat Sandhir1⁎ 1 Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India 2 Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India 3 National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, 140306, India 4 Department of Statistics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India

Abstract The importance of selenium (Se) has been recognised in the animals as an essential trace element; however, its interaction and implication with other elements are still not fully understood. In the current study design, a total of 12 elements were analysed in liver and brain regions aimed to understand the significant discriminatory elements under altered dietary Se paradigms; Se-deficient, Se-adequate and Se-excess. Elements studied in the present study were iron (Fe), rubidium (Rb), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) and Se. The general linear hypothesis contrast analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares 235

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discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed in addition to student t-test for the above mention elements. The contrast analysis had shown a significant change in the concentration of heavy elements on altering the dietary Se levels, in addition to the significant correlation among transition elements. The score and loading plot from the factor analysis had shown differential changes elements in liver and brain regions. The study had shown Cr and Fe levels discriminate the Se- deficient group from the Se-adequate group. On the other hand, among different regions of the brain, changes in Co, Mn, Mg, Zn and Fe levels in the cortex, Fe, Rb, Mn, Mg and Co in the hippocampus while Fe, Cu, Ca and Rb in the cerebellum emerged as critical contributors in discriminating the Se-deficient groups from the control group. Besides this, Fe level in the liver and cortex and, Mn, Fe, Co, Mg levels in the hippocampus were able to discriminate the Se-excess group from Se-adequate group. This analysis suggested that long term dietary Se alternation could cause observable dyshomeostasis of other trace elements required in high concentration compare to that of Se. Besides, it was observed that due to altered dietary Se, change in Fe and Rb levels were similar in all the observed tissues, while the change in Cr, Mn and Mg levels were differential among the tissues. Additionally, the change in Rb levels was parallel to that of the dietary Se levels but did not show any relation to tissue Se levels. This observation can be utilized as an indicator of Se intake status; however, a detailed study is needed to substantiate the present observation

Corona virus outbreak: Consideration of Occupational Safety and Health of Care Givers Dr. Ramanpreet kaur (registrant) Government Medical college& Hospital – Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Dr. Alka Sehgal [email protected] (+91 9646121579). Raman Preet Kaur, MBBS, M.D, Alka Sehgal ,MBBS ,M.D ,DNB,MNAMS (Obstetrics and Gynaecology),Government medical college hospital and Chandigarh.

Abstract Corona virus (COVID-19 -19)2019 pandemic is an unpresidential event with health care workers on the forefront as warriors. As the pathogen for COVID-19, SARS -CoV -2 virus spreads mainly by aerosols or droplets it required active measures for containment. Unequipped and unprepared government of India suddenly declared lockdown bringing all non-essential services, commercial and small businesses to a halt. Yet, emergency services for care to the pregnant women, delivery, and operation theatres had to be sustained. With safety and protection for self and others as a priority, the resilience and professional dedication of obstetricians was put to test. Due to lockdown, suspended transport services, global shortages of masks, gowns respirators, face shield etc versus labour being a painful process hence aerosol producer some feasible local arrangements had to be conceived. How the innovation of the department, easy to make and decontaminate, cost effective barricade between heath care seeker and provider went on to become viral overnight both nationally and internationally and its use propagated at various places or small measures to convert existent operation theatres to negative pressure were managed shall be shared during presentation. 236

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SECOND GENERATION BIOFUELS: A FUTURISTIC GREEN DEAL Nivedita Sharma Microbiology Section, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan- Himachal Pradesh, India Email id: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The global demand for fossil fuels is very high, but their use is not sustainable since its reserves are declining. Additionally, fossil fuels are responsible for the generation and accumulation of greenhouse gases. The emission of greenhouse gases from the transport sector can be reduced by substituting fossil fuels by biofuels. Thus, renewable fuels capable of sequestering carbon dioxide are in high demand. There has been a great demand for the production of second‐generation biofuels, which require lignocellulosic biomass that can be converted to sugar from which bioethanol can be produced. Lignocellulose consists of three main components: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which make about 80% of the total biomass in the world. Bioethanol is one of the products that can be obtained via biorefinery using bio-based resources. It is one of the most attractive biofuels, since it can be easily produced in large amounts and used as a “green” fuel. Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is considered as the most efficient and least polluting methods for generating fermentable hexose and pentose sugars. Microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria are important producers of hydrolytic enzymes by using cheap biomass resources as cultivation media can help to reduce enzyme prices making it a cost effective process. The main reasons for the enhanced development of bioethanol are its use as a favourable and near carbon- neutral renewable fuel, thus reducing CO2 emissions, enhance octane in unleaded gasoline, reducing tailpipe pollutant emissions and improving the ambient air quality. The conversion of biomass into bioethanol not only can accomplish the demand for energy resources but all have positive effects on the environmental and socioeconomic position of the world.

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CHEMICAL SCIENCES SECTION • Chemistry

COORDINATORS: Professor Gurjaspreet Singh Professor Rohit Kumar Sharma

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CHASCON 2020 CHEMICAL SCIENCES Schedule for 18th December,2020

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REGISTRANTS S.No. Name Affiliation 1. Manisha Kumari Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 2. Anjali Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 3. Pooja Chauhan Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 4. Vishesh Mishra Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 5. Baljinder Kaur Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 6. Harshita Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 7. Aarzoo Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 8. Binita Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 9. Pranjal Agarwal UIET sector-25, P.U., Chandigarh 10. Kushvinder Kumar Panjab University, Chandigarh 11. Neha Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 12. Dr. Pooja Kalra Sharda University, Greater Noida, U.P. 13. Dr. Poonam Kumari Dhiman Department of Chemistry, Govt College, Bilaspur, H.P. 14. Aneesh Dharmani M.L.S.M College, sundernagar, mandi , H.P. 15. Aayan Gaddi Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 16. Sushil Kumar Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 17. Jasmine Malik Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 18. Keshav Kumar Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 19. Soumya Chhabra Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 20. Isha Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 21. Riya Sharma Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 22. Manisha Kumari Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 23. Anjali Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh 24. Shiv Semwal Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh 25. Maitri Mittal Department of Biotechnology, P.U., Chandigarh

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ABSTRACT PARTICIPATION

S.No. Name Affiliation Title Dr. Akshpreet GGDSD College, Sector 32, Silatranes based on active methylene compounds 1. Singh Chandigarh for silver ion recognition Department of Chemistry, 2. Vinod Kumar Mechanical study of pectin-based polymer blends KUK Department of Chemistry, Applications of natural fiber reinforced rubber 3. Sumit KUK compounds. Department of Chemistry, Be ion doped grapheme as efficient material for 4. Mohd Riyaz P.U., Chandigarh designing mg ion battery anode: A DFT study Ritika k Department of Chemistry, Computer aided drug designing for relieving 5. Kukreja P.U., Chandigarh neuropathic pain Department of Chemistry, Green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles and their 6. Yashika Arora P.U., Chandigarh use in organic waste removal Role of non conventional H bonding in Amandeep SGTB khalsa college, sri controlling regioselectivity for nucleophilic 7. Saroa anandpur sahib aromatic substitution reactions: A computational studies Mayank Mani 8. Dr SSB UICET, Chandigarh The need of smart energy use Prasad Switch on fluroscent sensor for the detection of Department of Chemistry, 9. Gitanjali Jindal fluoride ions in solution and commercial tooth P.U., Chandigarh paste GowsiyaMehraj 10. RayatBahra University Biochar: potential benefits

Synthesis of diverse structure in Zn/Cu Dept of Chemistry, govt 11. Rakesh Kumar Coordination polymers using pyridylmethionine college Barwala, Panchkula ligand Shubhjeet An initiative to prepare a budget friendly organic 12. UIET, P.U., Chandigarh Singh vegetable and fruit wash Fabrication of novel metallosurfactant based 13. Akanksha Sood Panjab University, Chandigarh nanocomposites for electroless deposition on polyimide An algorith to detect and classify slanking 14. Zakir Ali Department of Chemistry interaction in RNA crystal structure Computational investigations into structural and Department of Chemistry, 15. Akshita mechanistic aspects of nonribosomal dipeptide P.U., Chandigarh synthesis by cyclodipeptide synthases

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How does the guanodinium-iii riboswitch Department of Chemistry, discriminate between the cognate and alternate 16. Indu Negi P.U., Chandigarh ligands: insights classical molecule dynamics simulations Intermolecular Nucleophilic Addition of N- Diaminophosphinoyl-Protected a-Carbanions Babaldeep Department of Chemistry, 17. Derived from Secondary Amines to Arynes: Kaur P.U., Chandigarh Synthesis of 1-Aryl-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolines Department of Chemistry, Recycling of waste plastic to synthesize polymer 18. Geetanjali KUK composites Praisey Department of Physics, P.U., 19. Aggarwal Chandigarh Dr. Sangeeta Jayoti Vidyapeeth Physio-chemical analysis of water by JVWU 20. Gautam womensUniversity, Jaipur (jharna-jaipur) Gujranwala Dr. Gurpreet Synthesis, characterisation and application of 21. gurunanakkhalsacollege, Kaur 1,2,3-triazole linked to carbazole Ludhiana Synthesis of diverse structure in zn/cu Dept of Chemistry, govt 22. Rakesh Kumar coordination polymers using pyrildimethionine college Barwala, Panchkula ligand Maximizing the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by 23. Manish Kumar Panjab University multifunctional selenazolonamil antioxidants

Dr. Mamta GGDSD College sec 32C Theoretical investigations on reactivity and 24. Sharma Chandigarh solubility of Ergolenes using DFT Fabrication and identification of fused imidazole 25. Nitu Rani Panjab University Chandigarh heterocyclic selenoesters and their application for treatment of HgCl2 Induced Toxicity Green biomimetic silver nanoparticles as GGDSD College sec 32C invigorated calorimetric probe for Hg+2 ions: A 26. Sunny Garg Chandigarh cleaner approach towards recognition of heavy metal ions in aqueous media

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E-POSTER PARTICIPATION

S.No. Name Affiliation Title New colorimetric and fluorometric chemosensor Department of Chemistry, P.U., 1. Anita Devi for selective Hg+2 sensing in a near perfect Chandigarh aqueous solution and bio imaging

Propargyl functionalized arm allied anthracene Department of Chemistry, P.U., basedSchiff bases: crystallography, 2. Pawan Chandigarh solvatochromsin and selective detection of Fe +3 ion BODIPY derived polymeric Department of Chemistry, P.U., chemosensorappendid with theosemicarbazone 3. Sofia Gupta Chandigarh units for stimulation detection and separation of Hg+2 in pure aqueous media Department of Chemistry, P.U., Synthetic perspective of bis triazoles via 4. Jashandeep Kaur Chandigarh alkylinediazide click cycloadditions Designing the recognition of Sn+2 ions and Department of Chemistry, P.U., 5. Diksha antioxidants N-heterocyclic organosilatranes Chandigarh and their magnetic nano composites Pyridine derived silanes: synthesis, Department of Chemistry, P.U., 6. Mohit characterization, nanoparticles and mercury (II) Chandigarh chloride complex A flexible paper- based chemosensor for 7. Pooja Nain PGGCG-11, Chandigarh colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescence detection of toxic oxalyl chloride 8. Simran Kaur CSIR-IMTECH, Chandigarh To study novel coronavirus Selective fluorometric “Turn-off” sensing for 9. Preeti PGGCG-11, Chandigarh Hg+2 with pyrazoline compound and its application in real water sample analysis A novel turn-on fluorescent probe for the Department of Chemistry, P.U., 10. Anamika Saini determination of Al+3 and Zn+2 ions and its Chandigarh call applications Polymer composites synthesis by waste natural 11. Neha Department of Chemistry, KUK fibre as reinforcement 12. Simran Department of Chemistry, KUK Role of plastic during COVID-19 Utilization of modified alginate as sustained 13. Nikita Mor Department of Chemistry, KUK release system 14. Keerti Rani Department of Chemistry, KUK Nanoparticles and their applications

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Meenakshi Department of Chemistry, P.U., Carbon based fluorescent nanomaterial for 15. Thakur Chandigarh sensing Department of chemistry and sensors lab, Dr. P. Removal of heavy metals in water using 16. BannsriammanInstitue of Pachamuthu nanoporoussilics NH2-SBA-15 Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode (d.t), Tamilnadu 4-aminoantipyrine derived ferrite nanoparticles Department of Chemistry, P.U., 17. Suman synthesis, characterization & colorimetric assay Chandigarh of sn+2 ions Iodine catalyzed oxidative coupling of Aabid Abdullah 18. Mohali, NIPER diaminoazines& amines for the synthesis of 3,5 Wani disubstituted -(1,2,4 triazoles) Department of Chemistry, P.U., Carbon dots: synthesis, formation, mechanism, 19. Niharika Pareek Chandigarh fluroscence, origin and applications Ram Parkash Department of Chemistry, Govt Synthesis and characterisation of trptophan 20. Chauhan college, bilaspur, HP conjugated magnetic NP's for targettingtumours Priyanshi Department of Chemistry, P.U., 21. OEGMA based thermoresponsive microgel Agnihotri Chandigarh synthesis and application of cu-complex of 22. Priyanka Devi Department of Chemistry, KUK schiff base Department of Biotechnology, Science and technology innovations uschering 23. Mehakpreet Kaur P.U., Chandigarh in the era of make in india 24. Nandini Sharma GGSCW, sector 26, Chandigarh Plastic parks Study of non-ideal behavior of benzyl alcohol 25. Rachana Department of Chemistry, KUK with (C2-C4) carboxylic acids Thermophysical study of binary liquid mixtures 26. Aarzoo Department of Chemistry, KUK of tetrahydrofuran with acetates Thermodynamic behaviour of binary liquid 27. Likish Dhingra Department of Chemistry, KUK mixture of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol with amines Dr. Shweta GGDSD College Sector 32, Green Synthesised metal oxide nanoparticles for 28. Wadhawa Chndigarh environmental remediation Dr. Ankush Metal–organic framework/gels: An efficient 29. DAV university, Jalandhar Gupta candidate for drug delivery/catalytic activity Jashan Preet Department of Chemistry, P.U., 30. Core shell nanoparticles Kaur Chandigarh Department of Chemistry, P.U., Schiff based derived organosilatrane based 31. Priyanka Chandigarh chemosensor for al+3 metal ion

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Schiff based derived bis-organosilanes: Department of Chemistry, P.U., 33. Sushma immobilization on silica nanosphere and cu+2 Chandigarh and fe+3 dual in sensing Smart probe for multianalyte signalling solvent 34. Pulkit Agarwal Panjab University dependent selective recognition of I- 35. Nandini Sharma GGSCW Sector 26, Chd Plastic parks Synthesis of diverse structure in Zn/Cu Dept of Chemistry, govt college 36. Rakesh Kumar Coordination polymers using pyridylmethionine Barwala , Panchkula ligand Dr. Ankush Metal–organic framework/gels: An efficient 37. DAV University, Jalandhar Gupta candidate for drug delivery/catalytic activity. Fabrication of novel metallosurfactant based 38. Akanksha Sood Panjab University Chd nanocomposites for electroless deposition on polyimide An algorith to detect and classify slanking 39. Zakir Ali Department of Chemistry interaction in RNA crystal structure Computational investigations into structural and Department of Chemistry, P.U., 40. Akshita mechanistic aspects of nonribosomal dipeptide Chandigarh synthesis by cyclodipeptide synthases How does the guanodinium-iii riboswitch Department of Chemistry, P.U., discriminate between the cognate and alternate 41. Indu Negi Chandigarh ligands: insights classical molecule dynamics simulations Intermolecular Nucleophilic Addition of N- Diaminophosphinoyl-Protected a-Carbanions Department of Chemistry, P.U., 42. Babaldeep Kaur Derived from Secondary Amines to Arynes: Chandigarh Synthesis of 1-Aryl-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolines Electrochemical study of ether containing 43. Sanjay Sharma Panjab University Chd silatranes Electrochemical activity and stability of cobalt 44. Pradeep Panjab University Chd based metallosurfactants 45. Jashanpreet Kaur Panjab University Chd Core shell nanoparticles Department of Chemistry, P.U., 46. Navpreet Kaur Chandigarh Department of Chemistry, P.U., 47. Mehar Singh Chandigarh Maximizing the inhibition of lipid peroxidation 48. Manish Kumar Panjab University Chd by multifunctional selenazolonamil antioxidants

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Dr. Mehak GGDSD College sec32C Spectral Analyses For The Structural Studies Of 49. Rohilla Chandigarh Elymoclavine And Lysergol Derivatives Fabrication and identification of fused imidazole heterocyclic selenoesters and their 50. Nitu Rani Panjab University Chd application for treatment of HgCl2 Induced Toxicity

Propargyl-functionalized arm allied anthracene-based Schiff bases: crystallography, solvatochromism and selective detection of Fe3+ ion Gurjaspreet Singh, Amarjit Kaur and Pawan Department of Chemistry and Centre of advance studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014 Email: [email protected] Abstract Synthesis and photophysical properties of newly synthesized Propargyl-functionalized anthracene- based Schiff bases (PASB). The formulated compounds have been thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis including FTIR, NMR (1H and 13C) and the spectral properties in different solvents were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy and highlighted with the Kamlet-Teft approach. The synthesized compound was screened for detection of various metal ions and compound Benzenamine-N-(9-anthracenylmethylene)-4-propyn-1-yloxy found to be highly selective and sensitive for detection of Fe3+ ions. Additionally, the binding nature with metal ions was examined through the change in magnetic property of metal ion by VSM (vibrating sample magnetism) study. Moreover, complete structure elucidation was achieved via X-ray crystallography. The mode of binding was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and theoretical studies were conducted by computational analysis following DFT approach. The present contribution focused on the factors determining the ability of progargyl appended anthracene-based Schiff base to present photo-, solvato-, magnetism and metal ion sensitivity.

Designing the recognition of Sn2+ ions and antioxidants: N-Heterocyclic organosilatranes and their magnetic nanocomposites Gurjaspreet Singha, Diksha* *Department of Chemistry and Centre of advance studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India. Email id: [email protected] Abstract A new series of N-Heterocyclic unsymmetrical aminosilatranes were synthesized for the selective detection of Sn2+ ion and were well characterized by numerous spectroscopic techniques. The Sn2+ recognition ability was investigated by UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. The moiety was immobilized on the surface of magnetic silica nanoparticles and was identified by FT- IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, EDX and TGA. The Benesi-Hildebrand plot shows that iron

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oxide nanoparticles have better Sn2+ metal ion binding ability. The stoichiometry binding ratio of metal complex were found to be 1:1 by Job’s Plot. The pharmacokinetic profile of compounds was analysed, which give auspicious results that trigger the investigation of cytotoxicity and total antioxidant activity of these compounds.

Synthesis, characterization and application of ZnCo magnetic nano ferrites J.M.R.V. Jayasundara*, Jandeep Singh*,1 * Lovely Professional University, Phagwara Abstract Ferrites are hard, brittle, iron-containing, and generally gray or black and are polycrystalline ceramic like material with magnetic properties and are composed of iron oxide and one or more other metals in chemical combination. M(FexOy) is the formula which used to describe ferrites, where M represents any metal which forms divalent bonds. The synthesis of ZnComagnetic nano ferrites can be carried out from the low cost and easily available material with high yield. The synthesized nano ferrites were coated with PANi resulting into material which was efficient in removal of the dyes with upto 92%. The removal of dyes from the waste water resources without any proper pre-treatment is a major threat to ecosystem and human healthand is of primary concern. The surface modified nanoparticles have potential of reusability upto 3 times effectively and subsequently the efficiency of removal decreases. The study was based on the use of different concentrations of dye to understand the detection limit of the dye removal. The results indicated that certain stipulated time was required to for effective removal of dye which needs to be in contact of both surface coated magnetic nanoparticles and with non-surface coated magnetic nanoparticles. The data stats indicated that at least 100ppm concentration of dye solutions can be removed effectively from water samples.

Silatranes based on Active Methylene compounds for silver ion recognition Gurjaspreet Singh a, *, Akshpreet Singh b aDepartment of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India bDepartment of chemistry, GGDSD College, Sector 32, Chandigarh, India Abstract The development of selective and sensitive complex molecular systems for detection of Ag+ ion is of great importance due to extensive use of toxic silver containing materials having effect on human health and environment. We report here a new chemosensor for silver ion recognition in aqueous solution, which is constructed by integrating three moieties; silatrane, 1,2,3-triazole and barbituric acid, using knoevenagel condensation and Cu (I) catalyzed [2+3] azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The sensing assay based on silatrane exhibited high selectivity and high specificity towards silver ion. Overall, the results show that this strategy to develop new functional material can be employed for efficient sensing of Ag+ ion. Further, the benefit of existence of silicon in the receptor lies in the extension of this molecular system in the field of 248

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nanochemistry, where silica-based nanomaterials can have more significant outcomes. Moreover, the use of aqueous solution can make the sensor to be employed for detection in real samples.

Computational Investigations Into Structural And Mechanistic Aspects Of Nonribosomal Dipeptide Synthesis By Cyclodipeptide Synthases Akshita, Indu Negi and Purshotam Sharma* Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 *Email: [email protected] Abstract Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) constitute a newly defined family of peptide-bond forming enzymes that utilize aminoacyl tRNA as substrates to synthesize the two peptide bonds of cyclodipeptides.

In order to exploit CDPSs for the production of cyclodipeptides, the mechanism of formation of peptide bonds within the active site and interaction of CDPSs with aa-tRNAs need to be understood. As an effort towards this direction, the present work attempts to analyze the structural characteristics as well as mechanistic aspects of peptide bond formation by CDPSs using active-site quantum mechanical calculations and explicit solvent classical molecular dynamics simulations on the whole enzyme-substrate complex. Our results confirm the previously-proposed ping-pong mechanism that begins with the transfer of the aminoacyl moiety of the first aminoacyl tRNA onto a conserved serine residue, yielding an aminoacyl enzyme. Further, the covalent intermediate interacts with the aminoacyl moiety of the second aminoacyl tRNA, forming a dipeptidyl enzyme. These findings thus provide insights into the molecular basis of the interactions between CDPSs and their aa-tRNAs substrates.

Figure 1.Pictorial representation of the first step of cyclodipeptide synthesis by CDPSs, using tRNAF as an example.

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Organic Waste For Biochar: Potential Assessment For Soil Productivity *GowisyaMehraj* School of Sciences. Rayat-Bahara University Mohali, Chandigarh **Simerjit Kaur **School of Sciences Rayat-Bahara University Mohali, Chandigarh Email ID [email protected] 7006172789 Abstract Soil Productivity is defined as the capacity of a soil to produce a certain yield of agricultural crops or other plants. It is generally measured in terms of inputs versus outputs, which for agronomic situations generally refers to water or nutrient input versus crop yield. The main factors that decreases the soil productivity include soil erosion, loss of soil organic matter, deterioration of soil structure etc .To increase the soil productivity, we have to focus on sustainable approaches instead of chemical based materials (chemical fertilizers). Biochar, organic compost, vermicompost are the basic approaches that we use presently in agricultural sector to enhance the soil productivity in terms of macro/micro nutrients. The objective of present article is to study application of biochar obtained from waste material (biomass) for enhancing soil productivity. Biochar produced during the thermo chemical decomposition of biomass not only reduces the amount of carbon emitted into the atmosphere, but it is also an environment-friendly replacement for activated carbon and other carbon materials. It provides several benefits for soil improvement, such as increase of the levels of nutrients in general, increase in pH, improved water retention and porosity. Biochar has the potential to increase conventional agricultural productivity and enhance the ability of farmers to participate in carbon markets beyond the traditional approach by directly applying carbon into the soil. Addition of Biochar in the soil can be extremely useful to improve the soil quality, as well as to stimulate the plant growth, and thus biochar can play an important role in developing a sustainable system of agriculture. Thus, a complete focus has been made to explore the positive effects of biochar amendment on soil stability and plant growth promotion. Keywords: Biochar, Soil Productivity, Thermo Chemical Decomposition and Soil Fertility.

How Does the Guanidinium Iii Riboswitch Discriminates Between The Cognate And Alternate Ligands: Insights From Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations Indu Negi, Amanpreet Singh Mahmi and Purshotam Sharma* Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India *Email: [email protected]

Abstract A riboswitch is a non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression in response to the binding of a specific small molecule, and plays a major role in the alteration of gene expression. Since the response of a riboswitch is selective for a particular ligand, the molecular mechanism and the associated noncovalent interactions operative during ligand binding events need to be studied for each specific riboswitch, to come up with a holistic understanding of the structure and function of riboswitches. In an effort towards this direction, the present work employs explicit solvent molecular dynamic simulations to study the ligand- 250

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induced structural changes in a specific guanidinium-binding riboswitch (i.e. Guanidine III riboswitch), and to analyze how this riboswitch distinguishes guanidine from similar ligands (urea and arginine). We analyze a number of structural and energetic parameters that include hydrogen-bond occupancies of ligand: riboswitch hydrogen bonds, as well as other hydrogens bonds within the riboswitch, the root mean square fluctuations of each nucleotide, root mean square average correlation, dynamical cross correlation and ligand interaction energies to provides interesting insights into the ligand binding and selectivity of the Guanidinium III riboswitch.

Figure 1. Representative plots of RMSD, RMSF, RAC, and DCCM analysis on the Guanidnium III riboswitch.

An Algorithm To Detect And Classify Nucleobase Stacking Interactions In Rna Crystal Structures Zakir Ali and Purshotam Sharma* Computational Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 *Email: [email protected] Abstract Folded RNA structures involve large number of noncovalent contacts, of which base pairing and base stacking are the most prominent. In an attempt to advance our understanding of the physicochemical forces that determine the 3D RNA shapes, all such interactions need to identified and classified. In this context, the present work attempts to facilitate comprehensive characterization and annotation of RNA base stacks by introducing glycosidic torsion and ring: ring stacking topology as additional parameters to the existing 251

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classification scheme for base stacks. Introduction of glycosidic torsion gives rise to eight basic stacking geometrical families for heterodimeric stacks, which will reduce to six stacking families for homodimeric stacks due to redundancy issues (Figure 1). We further classify each stacking family in terms of the identity of the purine ring (5-membered, 6-membered or both). This leads to 384 unique stacking topologies. We further demonstrate the utility of our approach by investigating the stacking geometries within selected examples of functionally-relevant motifs.

Figure 1. Illustration of six unique geometric families of U||U base stack in RNA crystal structures. PDB codes and base identity numbers for each structure are provided.

Synthetic perspective of bis-triazoles via. Alkyne-diazide Click Cycloadditions Gurjaspreet Singh, K.N. Singh and Jashan Deep Kaur Department of Chemistry and Centre of advance studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014. Email: [email protected]

Abstract: Bis- triazole based smart probe have been synthesized by using the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC). The formulated compound has been thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C), mass spectroscopy and the photophysical response by UV-Vis

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spectroscopy. It was observed that the synthesized compound showed significant selectivity for Sn (II) ion. The complexation mode between receptor and Sn (II) ion in acetonitrile was determined by Job’s titration method using absorption spectroscopy at 480 nm with a varying mole fraction of receptor and Sn(II) ion. The coordination behaviour was proposed in 1:1 stoichiometry between receptor and Sn(II) ion. The Sn(II) ion gives rise to a large change in the absorption spectra that is clearly visible to the naked eye.

0.70 0.65 0.60 + + + 2+ 0.55 Analyte A + Na +K + Rb + Ca + Mg2+ + Ba2+ + Ni2+ + Co2+ + Zn2+ + La2+ +

.) 0.50 Hg2+ + Fe2+ + NH4+

0.45 a.u 0.40 0.35 2+ 0.30 Analyte A + Sn 0.25 0.20 0.15 Absorbance ( Absorbance 0.10 0.05 0.00 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Wavelength (nm)

Computer-aided drug designing for relieving neuropathic pain Ritika Department of Chemistry, P.U., Chandigarh Abstract Neuropathic pain is pain caused by damage or disease affecting the somatosensorynervous system. The somatosensory system is a part of sensory nervous system. This system is a complex system of sensory neurons and neural pathways that responds to changes at the surface or inside the body. Neuropathic pain may be associated with abnormal sensations or pain from normally non-painful stimuli. Neurodegeneration is characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal integrity, in both structure and function. Neurodegenerative disorders as diverse as stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, retinal degeneration, ALS, and Huntington's disease may share common cellular and molecular pathological mechanisms including excitotoxicity, calcium dysregulation, oxidative/nitrosative stress, ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The effective therapeutics need to be developed to protect and restore neuronal integrity. Among the putative therapeutic targets being studied, sigma receptors are believed to work efficiently for their involvement in modulating cell survival and function. The sigma receptors have two established subtypes, sigma-1 and sigma-2, both highly conserved in the central nervous system. The sigma- 1 receptor is a multi-functional, ligand-operated protein situated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Upon ligand activation, the receptor appears to operate primarily via translocation and protein-protein interactions to modulate the activity of various ion channels and signalling molecules, including inositol phosphates, protein kinases, and calcium channels. Sigma receptor ligands confer protective effects against 253

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many pathological insults leading to neurodegeneration. Pharmacological activation of sigma-1 receptors has been shown to help induce the clearance of specific protein aggregates and alleviate ER stress exerted by the aggregates. Structure elucidation and protein-ligand interaction study of the sigma-1 receptor is carried out to find ligand targets and active sites at the receptor. Substance P (SP) is the neuropeptide associated with the tachykinin receptor NK1R, is associated with pain and inflammatory processes as it is a potent initiator of neurogenic inflammation and is released from terminals of specific sensory nerves. This undecapeptide is rapidly degraded in vivo to smaller fragments. The heptapeptide SP (1-7) is a major bioactive fragment and displays often opposite actions to those induced by SP. Hence, SP (1-7) elicits anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic effects. We start by binding this heptapeptide in sigma-1 receptor to induce the anti-nociceptive and anti-allodynic effects which can help in relieving neuropathic pain. Moreover truncations of SP (1-7) can be studied as ligands for protein-ligand binding with the sigma-1 and NK1 receptors.

The need of Smart Energy Use Mayank Mani Prasad 1st Year BE (CHEM+MBA) Dr.SSBUICET CHANDIGARH Email- [email protected] Contact- 8918039653 Abstract Smart Energy Is The Process Of Using Device For Energy Efficiency. It Focusses On Powerful Sustainable Renewable Energy Sources That Promotes Greater Eco-Friendliness. Renewable Energy Comes from Non- Delectable Sources That Won’t Run Out. Solar Energy Has Become One of the Dominant Focuses for Those Looking to Harvest the Power of Renewable Energy. Few Types Of Smart Energy Are Below. Solar Energy- One of The More Promising Renewable Energy Options. It’s Comparatively Easy To Harvest. The Ubiquitous and Free Nature of Sunlight Has Made It an Extremely Attractive Option. Because it’s An Unlimited Resource That Also in Constant. Natural Gas- Natural Gas Proves to Be Another Form of Popular Renewable Energy, Unlike Traditional Fossil Fuel, Natural Gas Burns Cleaner Emmisison That Have A Negligible Effect on The Environment. Natural Gas Offers A Safer Environmental When Compared to Current Widely Used Fossil Fuel. These Are the Some Reason Make These So Popular. Now at This Extent, we have to answer Some Questions: 1) What Is the Future of Global Energy Efficient Market? 2) What Makes A Home Energy-Efficient? 3) Why Choose Smart Energy Anyway? 4) How Can We Insulate That

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Green Synthesis of CuO (CopperOxide) Nanoparticles and their use inOrganic waste removal. Yashika Arora MSc Hons.Chemistry (2nd Year) Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh Abstract Over the past decades; Nanomaterials have elicited much interest because they display unique features such as excellent physical and chemical stability, lower density and high surface area, diverging significantly from their bulk counterparts. Hence a broad range of application in the field of chemistry, energy, environment and medical technology. Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, being an important part of Nanomaterials because of their optical, magnetic, electronic properties and also became useful since they are chemically and biologically stable, exhibit superior adsorption capacity and relative cheapness. Focusing on green synthesis of CuO (Copper Oxide) nanoparticles, it was done through elimination of organic solvents and hazardous material by simple, inexpensive, non-toxic surfactant free method using aqueous solution method i.e. by Chemical Precipitation, Microwave Irradiation and Hydrothermal method. They were characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD and various methods. The influence of different experimental conditions such as pH, adsorbant dose, concentration and contact time is also noted after synthesis. Since our aim is to synthesize CuO Nanoparticles for removal of organic waste such as dyes. The textile dyeing and chemical industries such as textile, rubber, pharmaceutical, electroplating, cosmetic etc discharge dyes into the water and due to their complex structure, dyes remains chemically unchanged and disturb ecosystem. Lots of methods have been developed for removal of dyes from waste water including Adsoption, Photocatalysis, Membrane filtration but owing to simple design, easy operation, low cost, relatively simple regeneration, low secondary pollution and environment friendly method, adsorption seems to be the most convenient approach. Thus, we need to choose greener approach for adsorption technique that includes Green Synthesis of CuO Nanoparticles, that can be used for efficient adsoption of dyes. Experimentally obtained CuO Nanoparticles were used for removing harmful dyes i.e., Direct Red 81 (DR-81) and Coomassic Brilliant Blue (BBR-250) by adsorption and also removing pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). The experimental results indicated better adsorption for dyes by nanomaterials prepared by chemical precipitation method, hence organic waste removal.

Green biomimetic silver nanoparticles as invigorated colorimetric probe for Hg+2 ions: A cleaner approach towards recognition of heavy metal ions in aqueous media Manoj Kumar Choudhary a, Sunny Garg b, Jyoti Katariab, Shweta Sharma c aNanomaterial Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak National College, Doraha, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141421, India. bP.G. Department of Chemistry, Panjab University Research Centre, GGDSD College, Sector 32- C, Chandigarh, 160030, India. cInstitute of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India 255

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Email: [email protected] Abstract: In this report, we described an environment friendly synthesis procedure for cleaner production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through biochemical reduction of Ag+1 ion using aqueous extract of Vigna mungo beans. The primary phytochemical analysis of V. mungo beans revealed that seeds contain flavonoids, phenolic acids and proteins, which play a dual role of reducing as well as stabilizing agents. The stabilized AgNPs were analyzed using different spectrophotometric and electron microscopy techniques such as UV– visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The AgNPs were identified to be well distributed and having spherical morphology, as observed from TEM measurement and displayed plasmon resonance absorption band around 430 nm during absorption spectroscopic analysis. Further, AgNPs were employed for their significant application of extremely selective and responsive colorimetric recognition of mercuric (Hg2+) ions, deprived of any prior surface reformation with organic ligands. On adding Hg2+ ions, the yellowish-brown colloidal solution of AgNPs transformed to colorless, accompanying the blue shifting and broadening of plasmon band, ascribing to disintegration of Ag nuclei. The response of various metal ions such as transition metals, alkali and alkaline earth metals and interference of various metal ions have also been investigated. Different dilutions of Hg2+ ions were also considered and detection limit (LOD)

Theoretical Investigations on Reactivity and Solubility of Ergolenes Using Dft Dr. Mehak Rohilla and Dr. Mamta Sharma,

Department of Chemistry, GGDSD College, Sector 32, Chandigarh. Abstract The present work involves a comparative study on solubility and reactivity of Lysergol (9- Ergolene) and elymoclavine (8- Ergolene) and dihydrolysergol (8, 9- Dihydroergolene) with combined experimental and theoretical investigations. Theoretical calculations with B3LYP hybrid exchange-correlational fuctional in conjunction with 6-311++G (d, p) basis set with in the Density Functional Theory frame work to analyze the structural and electronic properties have been carried out. Hessian calculations are performed at B3LYP/6- 31G (d,p) level of theory in gas phase as well as other solvent phases. Solvent phase calculations are carried out using Onsager reaction field model as implemented in Gaussian03. The experimental and theoretical infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been compared.

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Study of WZ Scattering Process Using EFT At The LHC Geetanjali Chaudhary Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India email: [email protected] Contact number: +919466310591

At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), Vector Boson Scattering (VBS) is initiated by the quarksfrom the colliding protons. In quark-quark scattering each quark radiates off a vector boson V where V can be W or Z resulting in a final state with two bosons and two quark jets (VVjj). These VBS processes are widely recognized as being the most sensitive to the effects of newphysics. In this context a well-established framework of effective field theories (EFTs) allowsto systematically parameterize Beyond Standard Model (BSM) effects and elucidate how theymodify Standard Model (SM) processes. Dimension-8 operators of the EFT modifies the SMvector boson (VVVV) couplings which lead to anomalous Quartic Gauge Couplings(aQGCs). However, the EFT formalism is often not used in a fully consistent way. For the first time, atthe LHC, we have tried to implement the EFT in a proposed correct method in the data collectedby the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. In this presentation, the implications andcorrect usage of the EFT framework in the study of VBS, pp → WZjj channel will be discussed. In this channel, final states with two jets and three leptons (pp → WZ + 2 jets → j j l ν l’ l’ + 2 jets where l’, l = e, μ) are observed. The data used corresponds to p-p interactions at center ofmass energy √s = 13 TeV, obtained during the Run II of the LHC, starting from the year 2016to 2018 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb−1. Results for the searches of theaQGC with the correct usage of EFT framework in the electroweak WZ data will be presented

Synthesis of Zn/Cu Coordination Polymers using of reduced Amino Acid Derived Ligand Rakesh Kumara, b, Subash Chandra Sahoob, Ramesh Katariab aDepartment of Chemistry, Govt. College Barwala, Panchkula, India bDepartment of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry Panjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India Email:[email protected]

ABSTRACT Amino acid derived ligands possess a great importance. Mainly reduced Schiff base complexes of transition metals can be used as a model to understand metabolic reactions that occur in body. The synthesis of proteins in lab is a tedious task, so studying these ligand-metal interactions help us to understand protein interaction at small scale. The presentation will comprise of detailed procedure for synthesis reduced base ligand (HL), Zn(OAc)2.2H2O afforded a hexacoodinated coordination polymer of [Zn(L)(HL)(H2O)2]n (1) and Cu(OAc)2.H2O afforded a hexacoodinated coordination polymer [Cu(L)(CH3COO)]n (2). Metal- Organic Frameworks (MOF) of Zn(II) and Cu(II) are synthesized and they are characterized successfully using various spectroscopic techniques. Structural determination by single crystal X-Ray diffraction revealed that the complex formed is cyclic trimer. References 1. Dubey, M.; Koner, R. R.; Ray, M. Inorg. Chem. 2009, 48, 9294–9302. 257

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2. Kundu, T.; Sahoo, S. C.; Saha, S.; Banerjee, R. Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 5262–5264. 3. Wang, X.; Ranford, J. D.; Vittal, J. J. J. Mol. Struct. 2006, 796, 28–35. 4. Leong, W. L.; Vittal, J. J. New J. Chem. 2010, 34, 2145–2152.

“Physio-Chemical Analysis Of Water Near By Jvwu” (Jharna-Jaipur) Dr Sangeeta Gautam, Dept. Of Science, Faculty of Education and Methodology Jayoti Vidyapeeth Women’s University, Jaipur [email protected] Abstract Water pollution is a serious environmental issue. Water is said to be polluted if its physical, biological, and chemical properties are deteriorated via anthropogenic and natural activities. Various agricultural, industrial and mining activities contaminate ground water. These activities alter temperature of water, increases turbidity of water and raise the content of free CO2. Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan is one of India's modern cities with 3.1 million residents. Jaipur is largely dependent on groundwater for its drinking water supply: 90% of the total drinking water demand of the city is dependent on groundwater, while 10% is supplied from the Ramgarh Lake situated 35 km from the city. This study was aimed to assessing the seasonal physical and chemical water quality of natural water bodies and drinking water sources in five adopted villages of JVWU-Jaipur district. Physical and chemical quality of water was studied and calculated for all water sources with exclusion of bacteriology. Since there are number of papers published on physio-chemical analysis of water world-wild but this study was focused on monitoring of seasonal water quality at village level (Jharna-jaipur). Institutional and regulatory capacities to assess water bodies are limited in rural Jaipur. The seasonal water quality findings can be used to propose local water monitoring programs and water management strategies. Additionally, the water quality findings can be used to develop water quality models for climate change scenarios at the local scale

An Initiative To Prepare A Budget Friendly Organic Vegetable And Fruit Wash Shubhjeet singh, Ritik thakur, Taha ali khan and Tryammbak kansal UIET, P.U., Chandigarh ABSTRACT: - INTRODUCTION: - In ancient times people use plants extract for cleaning their utensils, fruits, vegetables. They use extract to free the surface from bacteria and the virus. But in nowdays people are using chemicals to clean vegetables, fruits and the utensils. Chemicals can kill the bacterias easily but also they are very harmful for human health too. If they are not used in proper quantity it can be harmful for us. So, we did research on some herbs and plants to obtain an organic vegetable washer so that it will not harm our health and also it will free the surface from bacteria and all other microbes. AIM: -To prepare an organic vegetable and fruit wash by using plant extracts. METHODS: - 258

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Most of the plants used in this study are collected from diiferent locations, while the others are purchased from grocery stores. Tulsi leaves will be used for extraction procedure and grinded in a mortor and pestle separately under aseptic condition. Dried aloe vera leaves will grind to powder form and stored in a tightly sealed container. The Soxhlet apparatus and method will be used for extraction. Malabar nuts will be prepared in methanol solution at the concentration of 10µg/ml. After this we prepared some test organisms like Staphylococus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniea We conducted antiviral test, antibacterial test and antifungal test to check whether our product is legitimate or not RESULT: - After conducting the test, we observed that surface is now microoganisms free.

Synthesis of Diverse Structure in Zn/Cu Coordination Polymers Using Pyrildimethionine Ligand

Rakesh Kumar Dept of Chemistry, govt college Barwala, Panchkula ABSTRACT

Diabetes is fast gaining the status of a potential epidemic in India with more than 62 million diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the disease. In 2016, an estimated 1.6 million deaths were directly caused by diabetes. DM is due to either enough insulin is not produced by pancreas or the body cells not able to respond properly to insulin produce. The aim of present study is to formulate herbo-synthetic patch in order to treat type-2 diabetes mellitus. The UV and HPLC methods were developed and validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guideline for analysis of glipizide and Component A and B of Momordica charantia. The herbo- synthetic patches were prepared by using solvent casting method. Six formulations HSP-1, HSP-2, HSP-3, HSP-4, HSP-5, HSP-6 were prepared by changing the ratio of polymers while plasticiser and the penetration enhancer concentration were kept constant. Arlasolve used as penetration enhancer and PEG-400 used as plasticiser. All formulation werecharacterised for patch thickness, weight variation, percentage of moisture loss, percentage of moisture gain, folding endurance, drug content, in-vitro drug release, ex-vivo skin permeation and deposition study. Among all the formulations, HSP-1 formulation was selected as best formulation due to high in-vitro drug release determined by using Franz diffusion cell i.e 98.7% after 24 hours. The selected formulation i.e HSP-1 contained HPMC (9 parts), PVP-K30 (1part), PEG-400 (36% of total polymer weight), Arlasolve (12% of total polymer weight). The thickness, weight uniformity, percentage of moisture loss, percentage of moisture gain, folding endurance, drug content, in-vitro drug release and ex-vivo skin permeation of optimised patch formulation were 0.25±0.022 mm, 203.04±1.7 mg, 2.33%, 1.41%, 175, 99.4% (Glipizide), 97.7% (diethyl fraction of Momordicacharantia), 98.7% (Glipizide) and 96.72% (diethyl fraction of Momordicacharantia), respectively

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Fabrication of Novel Metallosurfactant Based Nanocomposites For Electroless Deposition On Polyimide Akanksha Sood a, G.R. Chaudhay a, Jaspreet Dhau b and K.K. Bhasin a aDepartment of Chemistry and Centre for Advance Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh – 160014 b Molekule Inc Folsom St, San Francisco, CA 94103, United States. Abstract Metallosurfactant based Pd-Cu nanocomposites have been synthesised and were tested for their catalytic activity for electroless deposition on polyimide. The effect of various parameters viz. catalyst dose, induction time and solvent effect was studied. Various surface characterization techniques such as SEM, AFM were used for studying the metal coverage on polymer. The involvement of active hydrogen atoms and an autocatalytic mechanism over nanoparticles surface was established. The present system qualifies both in terms of efficiency and economic viability over other Pd-based systems.

Computer-Aided Design And Analysis Of Inhibitors For Relieving Neuropathic Pain Ritika Kukreja, Akshita, Ankur Pandey* and Purshotam Sharma* Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Neuropathic pain is pain caused by damage or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system. Therefore, effective therapeutics need to be developed to protect and restore neuronal integrity. In this context, multi-functional, ligand-operated sigma-I receptors situated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane of central nervous system cells have been identified in literature as putative therapeutic targets for relieving neuropathic pain.1 Substance P (SP) is the neuropeptide associated with the tachykinin receptor NK1R, and is associated with pain and inflammatory processes. This undecapeptide rapidly degrades in vivo to smaller fragments, among which the heptapeptide SP1-7 is a major bioactive fragment and displays often opposite actions to those induced by SP.2 Since SP1-7elicits anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic effects, a prevalent hypothesis suggests that these effects are produced through binding of SP1-7 to sigma-I receptors.2 As a first step towards understanding the mechanism of action of SP1-7 and its binding to sigma-I receptors; in the present work, we carry out molecular docking and classical explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations to study the binding of SP1-7 and its fragments to sigma-I receptors. Specifically, we focus on locating the binding pocket, as well as identifying the noncovalent interactions that play a role in binding. Our analysis is expected to pave way towards further experimental studies towards establishing the role of sigma-I receptors as drug targets for neuropathic pain.

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REFERENCES: 1. Nguyen, L.; Brandon P.; Wold, L.; Mookerjee, S. A.; Cavendish, J. Z.; Robson, M. J.; Scandinaro, A. L.; Matsumoto, R. R. Role of sigma-1 receptors in neurodegenerative diseases. J. Pharmacol. Sci., 2015, 127, 17-29. 2. Hallberg, M.; Sandstrom, A. From the Anti-Nociceptive Substance P Metabolite Substance P (1-7) to Small Peptidomimetics. Curr Protein Pept Sci, 2018, 19, 1038-1048.

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SESSION: PANEL DISCUSSION

CHASCON 2020; 17th December, 2020 at 17:15-18:15 Topic of Discussion: “Trends in life Science incubation: Journey & Perspective” Panel members: • Dr. Rohit Sharma, Project Leader, BioNEST, Panjab University, Chandigarh • Dr. Ashutosh Pastor, Manager Incubation, FITT, IIT, New Delhi • Dr. Malay Dixit, CEO, Piscium Health Sciences, Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai. • Dr. Anasuya Roy, Founder CEO, Nanosafe Solutions Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi • Ms. Pragati Aggarwal, i-TTO, FITT, IIT, New Delhi Moderator: Ms. ShivanshiVashist, Sr. Scientific Officer, BioNEST, Panjab University, Chandigarh Format of the discussion: • Three-minute rapid introductions • Opening remarks of Moderator • Opening comments and insights of lead entrepreneurs • Q &A led by Moderator • Open Q&A Tracks: Track 1: Biopharmaceutical and Medical Devices Track 2: Bioprocess and Industrial Biotechnology Track 3: Agriculture and Food Technology

CHASCON 2020; 19th December 2020 at 14:00-15:00 Topic Discussion: “NEP2020; Gearing Science education for Self Reliant India” Panel Members: • Prof. Sarit Das- IIT Ropar • Prof. Ashok Srivastav- Gurgaon • Prof Vandana Patravale- Mumbai • Prof Prakash Babu- Hyderabad

Coordinator: Prof. Latika Sharma, Panjab University, Chandigarh Format for the Discussion: • 10 min introduction by each panel member • 20 mins open discussion

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Hosting a mega event like CHASCON has always been an opportunity for Panjab University to collaborate and connect with dignitaries from various prestigious institutions across the globe. However, materializing it called for a great deal of cooperation and connectivity, especially in trying times like these when physical conferences would be inconceivable. Fortunately, online web hosting turned out to be an encouraging way to nudge things forward. This would not have been possible without the benign help of many diligent people whom we feel we would be forever indebted to.

We are also elated to thank Prof. Sukhwinder Singh, Mr. Balram, Mr. Deepak, Mr. Anil, Mr. Amit, Mr. Guldeep Singh form Computer Centre, Panjab University, for their ceaseless technical support. We would like to extend our gratitude towards Prof. Harish Kumar, Dr. Mukesh Kumar, Dr. Akashdeep and Dr. Preeti from Computer Department, UIET, for constantly lending us their helping hand.

It fills our heart with immense pleasure when we express our appreciation towards Ms. Sangwan, Director Public Relations, PU for her support as a media spokesperson and event webcaster. Further, we are highly grateful to all the scientific section coordinators viz. Prof. Jagat Bhushan and Prof A.S. Naura(BMS and Dental Sciences), Prof. Daizy Batish and Prof. Harpreet Kaur (Life Sciences), Prof. Alka Bali (Pharmaceutical Sciences), Prof. Gurjaspreet Singh and Prof. Rohit Kumar Sharma (Chemical Sciences), Prof. Vipin Bhatnagar and Dr. Lokesh Kumar (Physical Sciences), Prof. Dinesh Khurana (Mathematical Sciences), Prof. Savita Gupta, Dr. Madhu Gupta and Prof. Sanjeev Sharma (Engineering and Management Sciences) and finally Prof. Rajeev Patnaik (Earth and Environmental Sciences) for their smooth coordination in their respective sections. Last but not the least, we would like to acknowledge each and every individual who stepped forward and endeavored to shape this event as a massive success. THANKYOU!

Team CHASCON

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (FROM COORDINATORS)

We are very pleased to have been given the responsibility to conduct proceedings of Chandigarh Science Congress (CHASCON-2020) which has been conducted regularly since 2007. This is the 14th event in series and had to be organized online because of current situation. We are grateful to a lot of people who helped us conduct this exercise. The Honourable Vice Chancellor, Panjab University gave us encouragement and support to undertake this exercise. This was amply supported by the Dean University Instructions, Prof. RK Singla, Dean Resaerch. Prof. VR Sinha, Dean Science, Prof. Prince Sharma. The organizing committee formed to advise us gave excellent support in planning, identifying key speakers and organizing the event. The support of computer centre under the leadership of Prof. Sukhwinder Singh was exemplary and very encouraging. The sectional coordinators pursued their part of the activities aggressively and professionally and gave us ample time to concentrate on other activities. All the speakers who readily agreed to give talk sparing their valuable time and effort was most encouraging. The participants showed great enthusiasm which is reflected in the large number of registrations, abstracts and e-posters received. The support by student volunteers was selfless and limitless. Without their help it would have been impossible to execute the event. We sincerely believe the combined efforts of Team CHASCON-2020 were fruitiful and all the participants had enriching experience. Look forward to seeing you all again in CHASCON-2021 and till then all the best

Coordinator Co-Coordinator Prof. Desh Deepak Singh Prof. Sandeep Sahijpal, Professor, Department of Biotechnology Professor, Department of Physics Panjab University, Sector-25, Panjab University, Sector-14,

Chandigarh-160014 Chandigarh-160014 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

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CHANDIGARH REGION INNOVATION AND KNOWLEDGE CLUSTER (CRICK)

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TEAM CHASCON 2020

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