Piano Sonatas and Was Written in 1821 and 1822
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Costa CD 10:Layout 1 03.05.2017 23:13 Uhr Seite 1 of his life into an elusive simplicity resulting in a final work, also for piano, the Bagatelle in f, which was composed in October 1826 and which the Australian musicologist, Peter McCallum, believes is probably Beethoven`s final work. In this simple, childlike manner, Beethoven was to lay down his pen, shake his fist at fate, utter his final words which have been reported to have been: “I shall hear in Heaven” and begin his journey into eternity – to “meet his God in the air”. Piano Sonata Op. 109 in E. Composed in 1820 the Sonata No. 30 possibly evolved from a request by Friedrich Strake for a new piece for his collection, The Vienna Pianoforte School. Another theory, advanced by Thayer, is that there is little connection between the 1st movement and subsequent movements of Op. 109. The Sonata, Op. 110 was completed on Christmas Day, 1821, and was the result of a request for several sonatas and 25 songs made by the German publisher, Moritz Schlesinger. Sonata in C, Op. 111 is the last of Beethoven`s piano sonatas and was written in 1821 and 1822. It contains highly contrapuntal elements and was dedicated to his pupil and patron, the Archduke Rudolf. ©2017 Kevin Wood In a career spanning five decades, Sequeira Costa has developed his own musical interpretation from an understanding of the German and French schools, acquired through studies with his teacher, Vianna da Motta (one of the last pupils of Liszt and Hans von Bulow), Mark Hamburg, Edwin Fischer, Marguerite Long and Jacques Fevrier. He has performed at the greatest halls around the world, including the Salle Gaveau and Piano Sonatas Salle Pleyel in Paris, the Great Hall of the Tchaikovsky Conservatory in Moscow, Tokyo’s Suntori Hall, No. 30 in E major, Op. 109 No. 31 in A major, Op. 110 St. Petersburg’s Philharmonic Hall, the Vienna Musikverein, New York’s Carnegie Hall, the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. and the major London halls. He recently completed No. 32 in C minor, Op. 111 performances of the entire cycle of Beethoven Sonatas at Gulbenkian Hall in Lisbon, Portugal. SEQUEIRA COSTA Volume10 4 CB5580_CD_Booklet_4p_Costa_Vol10_v1.indd 2-3 11/05/2017 14:20:17 Ludwig van Beethoven Piano Sonatas Vol. 10 (1824) and, ultimately the late string quartets and these final piano sonatas. As we approach this final volume of this traversal of Beethoven`s 32 piano sonatas we What is made clear by all this is, seemingly, Beethoven`s deeply abiding wish to surround are made all the more aware of the personal and biographical nature of these works. himself with family, to be loved and to love in return, all the while retaining his fierce Beethoven`s health began to fail in the years 1815 through 1817, the result of an independence as composer and artist. Possibly this characteristic explains why none of “inflammatory fever” which brought his compositional output to close to still stand. However, his initiated relationships ever were of any duration. Beethoven was a complex man, a this was also the period which saw the death of his brother, Carl, from tuberculosis and the man of absolutes and the isolation his deafness brought with it increased his inflexibility, ultimate recognition of the failure of his many futile attempts at establishing relationships a characteristic praised in an artist but not necessarily in family life. He was dogmatic in with women in his circle. many ways and, as we see in many of the letters to the women to whom he was attracted, overcompensated with extreme expressions of feeling. The death of Carl brought with it an extensive legal battle over the custody of Carl`s son and Beethoven`s nephew, Karl. Beethoven considered his brother`s wife to have been an In the famous letter “To the Immortal Beloved”, seemingly written under the influence unsuitable parent, calling attention to the birth of an illegitimate child with another man of alcohol and in an unnamed tavern thought by some to be the famous composer and and her police record, having been convicted of theft prior to her marriage to him although, artists tavern, Griechenbeisl in Vienna`s present Griechengasse, Beethoven exceeds the through a later version of Carl`s last will and testament, Johanna was awarded joint norms of expressing affection, even for his romantic and highly expressive period. He guardianship of Karl which Beethoven heavily contested following his brother`s death. writes to an unknown women whom many presume to have been Julia Guicciardi: “…why In addition, Beethoven regarded Johanna`s financial management to be insufficient and this deep sorrow where necessity speaks – can our love endure except through sacrifices successfully managed to have Karl removed from her custody in 1816. However, the – except through not demanding everything – can you change it that you are not wholly litigation continued and he subsequently lost this sole custody 1818, ultimately winning mine I not wholly thine. Oh God! Look out into the beauties of nature and comfort yourself its return on appeal. However, the battle was not over until, finally, the Emperor rejected with that which must be – love demands everything and that very justly – thus it is with me her appeal of this final verdict. Further to this, the years subsequent to 1820 witnessed as far as you are concerned, and you with me.” constant interference with what he considered to be Karl`s improper life style. This led his nephew to attempt suicide in 1826. He survived the attempt and sought refuge from Of course, in Ries reminiscences of Beethoven he comments that “[Beethoven] was fond Beethoven`s overbearing and dogmatic care in the house of his mother. It was not until of the company of women, especially if they had young and pretty faces, and generally early 1827, barely a few months prior to the composer`s death, that he and his nephew when we passed a somewhat charming girl he would turn back and gaze at her through finally reconciled, all the while Beethoven remained embroiled in family conflict and legal his glasses keenly, and laugh or grin if he noticed that I was looking at him. He was complexity and the constant and ever present concern for the welfare and safety of his frequently in love, if only for a short period. Once when I twitted to him concerning his brother`s stepchild. conquest of a pretty woman he admitted she had held him in the strongest bonds for the longest time, viz., fully seven months.” After 1817 or 1818 matters seemed to have improved but Beethoven`s emotional state turned, creating an introspective nature enhanced by his total deafness and utter isolation. It is clear from the available evidence in the conversation books and from reminiscences He began to intensively study the works of Bach and ancient music and seems to have that Beethoven was a lonely man made more so by his increased deafness and by the found some sort of inner peace in these. In any case, his music became increasingly absolutism that ruled not only his creative but also his personal life. His later introspection spiritual, reflecting a rediscovered inner voice and resulting in, among others, the Missa and the spiritual nature of many of his latter works were, perhaps, his responses to mortality Solemnis (1823), the choral elegy Sanft wie du lebtest (op. 118), and the Symphony No. 9 and to an approaching end of life. It is this spirituality which transformed itself at the end 2 3 CB5580_CD_Booklet_4p_Costa_Vol10_v1.indd 4-5 11/05/2017 14:20:17.