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Volcanic Cone Vocabulary

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Volcanic Cone Vocabulary 7/31/2019 Volcanic Cone | National Geographic Society R E S O U R C E L I B R A R Y | E N C Y C L O P E D I C E N T RY Volcanic Cone A volcanic cone is the hill-shaped landform that forms around a volcano. Volcanic cones can be steep or gently sloping depending on the type of eruption that form them. For the complete encyclopedic entry with media resources, visit: http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/volcanic-cone/ A volcanic cone is a hill-shaped landform that forms around a volcano. Volcanic cones can be steep or gently sloping depending on the type of eruption that forms them. The steepest cones form around cinder cone volcanos. Cinder cones form from ash and magma cinders--partly-burned, solid pieces of magma, that fall to the ground following a volcanic eruption. This type of eruption contains little lava, as the magma hardens and breaks into pieces during the explosion. As a result, cinder cone volcanoes tend to be smaller than other types of volcanoes. Italy’s Mt. Vesuvius is a famous cinder cone volcano. In contrast, shield volcanoes are characterized by a large, broad cone with sides sloping gently away from the center. The lava that erupts from these volcanoes is a thin liquid that slowly emerges from the center of the volcano as well as from cracks in its sides. The lava spreads in a thin layer before cooling. Hawaii’s Mauna Loa is a famous example of a shield cone volcano. A third type of volcanic cone is a composite cone. Composite cone volcanoes are also called stratovolcanoes. They form when different types of eruptions deposit different materials around the sides of a volcano. Alternating eruptions of volcanic ash and lava cause layers to form. Over time these layers build up. The result is a cone that has a gentler slope than a cinder cone but is steeper than a shield volcano. Washington state’s Mt. St. Helens is an example of a composite cone volcano. Vocabulary https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/volcanic-cone/print/ 1/2 7/31/2019 Part of Volcanic Cone | National Geographic Society Term Definition Speech hill created by tiny bits of lava blown out of a volcano and fallen down cinder cone noun around the volcanic vent. Also called a scoria cone. eruption noun release of material from an opening in the Earth's crust. Mount St. noun active volcano in the U.S. state of Washington. (2,549 meters/8,364 feet) Helens Mount noun active volcano in southwest Italy. (1,190 meters/3,900 feet) Vesuvius shield noun large, gently sloping volcano made from fluid lava. volcano steep volcano made of hardened lava, rock, and ash. Also known as a stratovolcanonoun composite volcano. volcanic ash noun fragments of lava less than 2 millimeters across. volcanic cone noun hill created by a volcanic eruption. © 1996–2019 National Geographic Society. All rights reserved. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/volcanic-cone/print/ 2/2.
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