SUPPLEMENT the London Gazette
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IRumb. 35305 SUPPLEMENT TO The London Gazette Of FRIDAY, the 10th of OCTOBER, 1941 by Registered as a newspaper FRIDAY, 17 OCTOBER, 1941 . March* 1941. -. The following Despatches have been received by the Secretary of State for // War from General the Viscount GORT, V.C., K.C.B., C.B.E./D.S.O., M.V.O., M.C., * Commander-in-Chief, British Expeditionary Force. (France and Belgium 1939-40.) FIRST DESPATCH (Covering the period from 3rd September, 1939, to 3ist January, 1940). General Headquarters,- 3. The plans for the despatch of the Force British Expeditionary Force, differed in two important respects from those of August, 1914. 2$th April, 1940. The possibility of attack by sea and air made it necessary to use the Western ports of France Sir, instead of the Channel ports, while the total 1. I have the honour to submit a report on the replacement of animals by mechanical vehicles, employment of the British Expeditionary Force which had been completed by 1939, presented in France from 3rd September, 1939, the date I a new problem in transportation. assumed command, until 3ist January, 1940. The troops were landed at Cherbourg 'and 2. The move of the Force to France began as their stores and vehicles were despatched to a whole on loth September, although small Nantes, St. Nazaire, and Brest. advanced parties and technical personnel had This plan entailed the early despatch of staff been arriving since 4th September. The success with the proper complement of units of the of the initial operation was due primarily to the Docks and other Transportation Services. The many detailed and complex plans carefully personnel of these Services were in the main prepared under conditions of absolute secrecy recruited from the Port Authorities in Great in peace time. The perfection of these plans, the Britain at the outbreak of war. ready co-operation of the Board of Trade, the These units were operating to full capacity the complete arrangements made by the Admiralty berths allotted to the Force, within forty-eight for the safety of ships while at sea, and the hours of landing, and the programme w?.s willing help of the French Naval, Military, and carried out according to the time table through- Civil authorities all combined to ensure the out the whole period of the disembarkation of successful landing of the British Troops in ist and 2nd Corps. This I regard as a feat France. SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 17 OCTOBER, 1941 4. On landing the fighting troops were passed The towns of Le Mans and- Laval were rapidly through transit camps and their vehicles fifty miles apart, and the base ports were on an were cleared at once to Vehicle Marshalling average one hundred and fifty miles from the Parks, whence they were despatched in convoys, assembly area. Helpful though the French while troops left by rail on the same day as authorities were, the unfamiliar conditions made they landed. telephone communication difficult, apart from Since the troops and their vehicles were the danger of breach of security which it entailed. landed at different ports they had to be collected Since many despatch riders spoke no French it in an assembly area which had been chosen was often found that control could only be in the vicinity of Le Mans and Laval. The properly maintained by personal visits; Com- assembling of troops by rail and vehicles by manders and their staffs were therefore forced road took about six days. The resource of to spend many hours on the road. individual drivers was tested by changes of The dispersion dictated by the possibility of programme, inevitable in an operation of this aerial bombardment greatly increases demands kind, by the damage which some vehicles had upon signal communications and transport and sustained during the sea passage and by thus lengthens the time which must elapse mechanical failures. Drivers and vehicles were between the issue of orders and their execution. on the road for long periods, but their duty was lightened by the hospitality of the French The Move to the Belgian Frontier. inhabitants, which all ranks will recall with 9. On 22nd September, I left Le Mans for gratitude. Amiens. Arriving at Mantes-sur-Saine, I was 5. On i3th September I moved my head- handed a telegram from General Georges, Com- quarters from the War Office to Camberley, mander of the French Front of the North-East, where General Headquarters was forming. On which read as follows :— the following day, accompanied by Lieutenant- " Pour General Commandant, B.E.F. General (now General) Sir John Dill, Commander " Limite envisaged prevoit front de B.E.F. of ist Corps, and by my personal staff, I droite a MAULDE gauche a MENIN ou embarked in H.M.S. " Skate," and, landing at gauche a AUTRYCHE - SUR - ESCAUT. Cherbourg, left by motor car for the Chateau de Ge"n6ral GEORGES d6sirerait avoir accord la Blanchardiere, Le Mans, which the French 22 Septembre." Government had kindly placed at my disposal. In the meantime, however, General Gamelin 6. On 2ist September the concentration of had proceeded to London to discuss with His the General Headquarters Staff and of the Majesty's Government the frontage which was to essential Lines of Communication units was be held by the British Expeditionary Force. complete. The next day the advanced elements After I had made a reconnaissance on 24th of ist Corps and of General Headquarters Troops and 25th September of the sector which it was arrived, the former moving to an area around proposed to allot to the British Expeditionary Laval and the latter to an area around Le Force I visited General Georges at Grand Mans. Units were given a minimum of one Quartier General on 26th September, in the week in which to assemble and reorganise and company of my Chief of the General Staff, although some of the units of ist Corps were still Lieutenant-General H. R. Pownall. I then incomplete, the limited accommodation available agreed to accept the sector offered by General in the assembly area made it essential to begin Georges to the British Expeditionary Force. the move forward before 26th September when This sector was from Maulde exclusive to the leading units of 2nd Corps were due to arrive. Halluin inclusive, and thence a defensive flank 7. During these early weeks the maintenance along river Lys/Armentieres. General Georges of the Force presented a problem which called placed 5ist French Division (Ge'ne'ral de for the greatest resource and initiative on the Brigade Gillard) under my command, and I part of my Quarter-Master-General, Lieutenant- decided to employ it in my left sector, covering General W. G. Lindsell, his Staff and Services. the towns of Roubaix and Tourcoing. In the units of the Royal Army Service Corps were many officers and men fresh from civil 10. It had been originally intended that life who were constantly called upon to surmount formations, as soon as they had completed their unforeseen difficulties. By their unflagging reorganisation in the assembly area, should energy and the assistance of the French authori- move to a concentration area in the North of ties the Force was maintained without any France, and remain there in readiness to occupy failure of supplies. It should be added that with the line not earlier than 5th October. General the exception of eleven regular officers, the Georges decided, however, that it was inadvisable personnel of the Movement Control organisation to await the arrival of the whole British Expe- was built up from Supplementary Reserve ditionary Force in 'the concentration area and officers and men. expressed a wish that ist Corps should move without delay into the sector north of Maulde. The administrative staff were obliged to deal I accordingly informed General Georges that with the day-to-day work of landing troops, ist Corps would take over its sector on 3rd October their vehicles and current supplies, and to and that 2nd Corps would be able to^o into the undertake the equally important task of building line about I2th October. up reserves of ammunition, supplies, and ordnance stores. Covered accommodation was ist Corps began the two hundred and fifty-mile difficult to obtain and temporary dumps of non- move from the assembly area on 26th September. perishable stores had to be established wherever Tanks, tracked vehicles, and slow moving the necessary space could be found in the vicinity artillery proceeded by train and the remainder of the ports of entry. of the force advanced on three parallel routes. 8. In these early days the Staff met for the Three days were allotted for the move of each first time the problem arising from the wide formation. Two staging areas were arranged on dispersion imposed by the necessity to guard each road, south of the rivers Seine and against air at.ta.gk, Somme respectively, and anti-aircraft defence SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 17 OCTOBER, 1941 ^5901 was provided at these river crossings. The certain French technical troops continued to weather was fine throughout the whole period of work in the sector under the command of the the move. French Commander of the Defensive Sector The first stage was one hundred and of Lille, Colonel (now General de Brigade) twenty miles. An average of five hundred Bertschi. vehicles moved daily over each stage of the route, While defences continued to develop on the maintaining a distance of one hundred yards lines of the original plan, based on the close between each vehicle as a precaution against defence of the frontier, it was also necessary to air attack.