REPORT ON THE FACT FINDING MISSION TO GREATER AND BUDI, STATE 17th-22nd February, 2013

Reported dated: 26th February 2013

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster

Report on the Fact Finding Mission to and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

Executive Summary

A fact finding mission was deployed on 17-22 February to investigate concerns about a deteriorating food security and nutrition situation in which some hunger-related deaths were reported. The mission covered greater Kapoeta (Kapoeta East, North and South) and Budi.

The fact finding mission confirmed some deaths had occurred in the assessed areas but the link to hunger as a cause was not obvious and could not be verified in the absence of medical reports. No further deaths had occurred since the alarm was raised which suggests that the deaths were highly localized and not particularly linked to the reported food security situation. However, the mission was concerned that all the deaths involved women and children.

Household food availability has declined and households had increased consumption of wild food especially in Kapoeta East while food prices have increased by 30-40% and income generation is linked to sale of firewood and building materials. Livestock conditions are good but the main herd has already moved to the dry season grazing areas. With these indicators, the lean season will start earlier than expected because of the combined effects of weather-related shocks on harvest in 2012.

The general health status appears to be normal but there is a dearth of health and nutrition services and existing health facilities are constrained by qualified medical personnel, equipment and supplies. An increase in admission of cases of severe acute malnutrition is expected over the coming months likely to be linked to poor sanitation practices and limited access to health services.

The security situation is generally not severe but it is unpredictable. It is characterized by cattle raiding during the dry season and continuous threat of armed ambushes between Camp 15, and Farasika, necessitating armed escorts.

Of all the four counties, the food security situation is worst in Kapoeta East followed by Kapoeta South and North. The northern parts of Budi are also experiencing similar circumstances although the situation is relatively stable.

The mission recommends partners to accelerate their planned food assistance and nutritional interventions so that they can commence in March rather than the normal time for seasonal support in April to avert potential food security crisis.

A one-day mission is also recommended to assess the situation in Jie and Mogos reported to be the worst food security situation in the Kapoeta East which is the most food insecure in terms of food security.

Prepositioning of seeds and tools from core pipeline is needed for the continuity of the preparation of for the cultivation after the phasing out of a key agriculture partner in the greater Kapoeta region.

Support for nutrition screening, prevention and treatment activities for children and pregnant mothers should be increased alongside outreach programmes.

Medium to long term actions needed to enhance existing livelihoods, create assets that promote resilience and increase humanitarian access are discussed in the report in details. A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster

Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

1. Background

1.1 An alarm was raised by county commissioners of Kapoeta East, North and South and Budi on a precarious food security situation following a combination of dry spell, pests attack and excessive rain in 2012. With the exception of , the rest of the areas concerned are structurally food insecure areas mainly due to low and erratic rainfall which constrains rain-fed agricultural production and depend significantly on livestock for their livelihoods.

1.2 It was claimed that malnutrition levels had risen among children and that around 10 food insecurity related deaths had been reported in greater Kapoeta in the past months. However specific statistics on the malnutrition situation and information on where and how deaths had occurred was not provided when the alarm was raised.

1.3 A five day fact-finding mission went to greater Kapoeta and Budi on 17th to 22nd February 2013 to identify the worst affected areas and verify the claims of a widespread hunger crisis affecting the region. Key objectives were to investigate the concerns about hunger-related deaths, assess the current coping strategies and the effects of shocks reported, assess the general security, humanitarian support and coordination in the concerned areas, and assess information channels from the field to .

2. Mission process

2.1 The fact finding mission team comprised of representatives from the Relief and Food Security Department of Relief and Rehabilitation Commission (RRC), Department of Early Warning of the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management (MHADM), Food Security and Livelihood Cluster, Nutrition Cluster, United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, World Food Programme, UNICEF, Eastern Equatoria State Ministry of Agriculture, Eastern Equatoria State RRC, UNMISS/RRP, American Refugee Committee, Red Cross, Catholic Diocese of , and other humanitarian actors working within Eastern Equatoria State (EES). The full list of mission members is provided in Annex 1.

2.2 The fact finding mission team used rapid assessment methods of enquiry. These included interviews with government officials (State Governor and County Commissioners) and key informants, interviews with household members, group discussions with community members and field observations at markets and within villages in the affected areas. Annex 2 contains the list of key informants and mission schedule.

2.3 Findings from the assessment were discussed by the assessment team at the end of each day to identify key issues that are presented here as main findings and recommendations. Detailed findings are available on request.

3. Main Findings

3.1 The mission confirmed that some deaths had occurred recently in greater Kapoeta although the reported link to hunger was not obvious. Indeed 11 deaths were reported to have occurred but the cause of death could not be verified in the absence of medical reports. A summary of the reported deaths is given in Table 1.

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 1 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

3.2 All the reported deaths involved women and children, which highlights the vulnerabilities of this population group in the assessed area. The deaths are also conflated with the lack of health services, sanitation and potable drinking water. No further deaths were reported subsequent to the alarm which is an indication that the deaths were highly localized and were not particularly linked to the reported deteriorated food security situation.

Table 1: Reported hunger related deaths in the past couple of months in the greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties Description of circumstances of County Payam Victim death Kapoeta South Katiko 3 (2 children, 1 No detailed information provided on woman) the circumstance of death by respondents in the villages assessed. Kapoeta North Lomia, Wohobu, 7 (4 women and 2 breastfeeding mothers and a baby- Muraham three children) sitter of Wohobu payam lost lives in search of wild food. They were found by hunters when they lost their way back to Natatur village, Kamalieto Boma of Wohobu. A woman and her baby also found dead by a group of villagers coming from cattle camps in Lomeyen Kapoeta East Narus Market 1 woman The woman died suddenly in the market and cause of death was not established. Budi n/a n/a No death cases were reported

3.3 Communities in this area are primarily pastoralist and they are also involved in limited farming of sorghum and sesame. In the current season, primary sources of household food and income are livestock keeping; sale of firewood, grass (for roofing and fencing); and sale and consumption of wild foods (lalop and coconut shoots).

3.4 Household food availability has declined considerably and most households have increased their consumption of lalop (wild food) in the Kapoeta counties where sorghum crops were reported to have failed. Granaries were mostly empty and women were actively engaged in collecting and selling of firewood. Each bundle would fetch on average SSP 5-10 which can buy about 1.5-3.0 kg of grain, which would not last for more than one meal for a household. In many cases because of the distance to the markets, women spent almost a whole day to go to the market and sell one bundle of firewood. Sometimes, the women take with them some of their children who would also carry smaller bundles worth SSP 1-2.

3.5 Markets (Kapoeta, Narus and Camp 15) are detached and isolated from many communities. The current market price of grain (between SSP 90-130 per 50 Kg) is unaffordable given the limited income and low purchasing power of households. Most of the grain (maize and sorghum) in the market is obtained from Uganda which is imported through and Tseretanya border posts. Wheat flour, vegetable oil and other manufactured goods also are imported from Kenya through Nadapal post. The price of sorghum in Kapoeta and Camp 15 was comparable at SSP 90 and highest in Narus at SSP 130. The current pre-lean season prices have increased by about 30-40 percent compared to six months ago A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 2 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013 and portends very high prices at the peak of the lean season in May-June. In general grain traders did not report any significant obstacles that would affect their ability to bring in cereals from neighbouring countries to cover the anticipated deficits except the high transport cost of transportation due to the bad road conditions.

3.6 Women have a heavy burden of responsibility to cultivate, construct shelter, look after the children, fetch water, collect and sell firewood, collect wild foods and prepare meals. Most women of child-bearing age were lactating, expectant, or both and therefore are particularly at risk in such circumstances where household food stocks are declining sharply.

3.7 The observed livestock conditions were good however, in many of the visited areas the main herd has moved to dry season grazing areas. Cattle raiding and localized diseases were reported in most areas. Households reported selling cattle, and in some cases goats and chickens, to purchase maize seeds for planting or to purchase animal vaccinations when required. However the most vulnerable households may not own cattle or other livestock. Cattle keeping is undertaken by men and the sale of livestock is also considered as a last option for obtaining household income. Livestock prices have declined by at least 50 percent during the six months while cereal prices have increased by 30-40 percent. This has eroded the purchasing power of the pastoral communities and is likely to decline further during the peak of the hunger season.

3.8 Changing climatic conditions have altered the planting season period as rains have become unpredictable. The late rains (end April) after planting in March, heavy rains after germination, pests (worms, birds and boring insects) have all been reported to have undermined harvest in 2012. Given these multiple shocks affecting household production, the current precarious situation indicates a likelihood of an early start of the hunger season in the greater Kapoeta, which, potential deteriorate into a crisis if not addressed from early March.

3.9 The narrow range of cultivated crops making up the food base renders greater Kapoeta counties highly vulnerable to erratic weather patterns and the impact of pests, which affects own food production. This situation is worsened by the paucity of seed stocks and the assessed communities relied mostly on self-selected seed and seed distribution from partners. In Budi where some stored sorghum seed was observed, this was affected by borers making it unsuitable for cultivation. In the Kapoeta counties, where sorghum, and to a lesser extent maize, were cultivated, communities were not able to identify how they would procure seeds for the next planting season. Farm Africa, who have been providing seeds, tools and technical support in the greater Kapoeta, is phasing out by March and this could create a gap in the preparations for the 2013 agricultural season. The mission observed possibilities to increase food diversity by the cultivation of sweet potatoes, cassava and pumpkins.

3.10 Of all the four counties, the food security situation is worst in Kapoeta East followed by Kapoeta South and North. The northern parts of Budi County also may include areas experiencing similar circumstances although the situation is relatively more stable. It was particularly observed that the use of wild food was more prevalent in Kapoeta East in which it is feared that Jie and Mogos payams are worse off because they lack lalop, which is currently an important source of food. These two payams are 162-230 Km from Narus and the team was unable to access them during the mission.

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 3 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

3.11 The general health status of the assessed communities appears to be normal. However, health and nutrition services are limited and existing PHCC structures are constrained by availability of qualified staff and other resources especially in Kapoeta East and Budi. This is likely to undermine the response to an upsurge of malaria and water-borne diseases when the rains commence in March/April.

3.12 In 2011, pre-harvest malnutrition rates in Kapoeta East, North and South were above crisis levels and partners (ARC and Save the Children) have been working on prevention and treatment in these counties. However, further nutrition surveillance is required to gather a complete picture of current nutrition situation. In addition to increased food insecurity, nutrition in the area is likely to be impacted by poor sanitation practices and limited access to health services. While staff at the Narus PHCC anticipates an increase in admission of cases of severe acute malnutrition, community screening data does not suggest a significant increase in malnutrition rates in Kapoeta South or Kapoeta East over the last few months. The burden of household responsibilities, including the care of other children, experienced by women, was reported as a common cause of children withdrawing early from site-based nutrition treatment programmes.

3.13 Inaccessibility is an issue impacting both community access to markets, and the provision of humanitarian services. Some communities, particularly in Kapoeta East are very isolated by poor road conditions, especially during the wet season, and weak telecommunications coverage. Security issues also impact the accessibility of areas within Budi County where there is increased risk of violent attacks on the road. Humanitarian partners require armed escorts to facilitate their work in some areas due to the threat posed by criminal elements. All the areas visited are completely cut off during the rainy season. The road access even during the dry season is still a challenge due to poor road network. At least two bridges between Torit and Kapoeta towns need urgent repair.

3.14 The security situation is generally not severe but unpredictable. A cattle raiding is often practised among the communities, particularly in the current dry season. Cattle raiding mainly occur between the Toposa of greater Kapoeta and the Turkana of Kenya, between the Toposa and Buya and Didinga of Budi County. Murle community of Pibor county in Jonglei state are said to access parts of greater Kapoeta, particularly in East Kapoeta county to steal (not raid) cattle and abduct children. Several incidents involving bandits have been noted on the road from Torit to Kapoeta town, notably in the hilly section of Budi County. The section of road between Camp 15, Chukudum and Farasika saw several ambushes last year leading to the death of more than 10 people, including foreign workers, and in many instances, particularly on the road between Torit and Kapoeta, humanitarian and other convoys require armed escorts to minimize the threat. Reasons cited for insecurity included accumulation of wealth, high dowry payment leading to cattle raids and the hunger gap.

3.15 Supporting humanitarian concerns, there is significant presence of humanitarian partners in Torit town and Kapoeta town. However, the scale and reach of field level activities within counties is limited with some partners having no physical presence beyond county centres. Additionally, some humanitarian initiatives require further government support to be fully effective. For example, constructed schools and PHCCs require appropriate staffing and resourcing to be operational.

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 4 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

3.16 Activities between humanitarian actors require enhanced coordination. There is a coordination meeting at state level but the attendance is often low and unpredictable. Partners tend to collaborate based on their sector of operation and, undermining coordination efforts, at least one partner appears to be working independently of other partners and local government.

3.17 While communities reported information about disease outbreaks (livestock and human), security incidents and hunger related deaths, it appears that the reporting of this information via the counties and the state to the national level regarding the food security and “hunger” situation have not been uniformly or routinely verified, nor directed through the appropriate channels. These methods of information sharing have led to an incomplete understanding of the situation in Kapoeta. Improving communication channels at all levels would improve the clarity and precision of information available to key decision makers and lead to appropriate and timely responses to further emerging situations.

3.18 FFA activities used in road clearance was visible in Kapoeta North as the roads were more motorable compared to Kapoeta East and South. It was also observed that the FFA activity had increased household food access in Kapoeta North.

4. Recommendations

4.1 In view of the findings, the mission the following recommendations:

4.2 Immediate Recommendations (to be done within one month of this report to avert food security and nutrition crisis)

4.2.1. There are indications that the lean season for greater Kapoeta will start one month earlier than expected due to the combined effects of weather-related shocks and pests on food production. Therefore, partners are urged to accelerate planned seasonal food assistance activities (Food for education, food for assets, general food distribution and nutritional interventions) so as to commence in early March in vulnerable areas in the greater Kapoeta. Food for asset activities should develop community assets that increase physical access to communities and/or support food diversification. The on-going bridge rehabilitation works in the Southern corridor in Budi County is one immediate activity that could be supported through FFA/FFW activities to promote food access among food insecure communities.

4.2.2. Mogos and Jie food security situation to be verified and a one-day mission is proposed in the next 1 week. OCHA to lead in exploring possibilities of air transportation for the mission as the areas are not readily accessible by road.

4.2.3. Pre-positioning of tools and food items to be undertaken immediately to mitigate the risk of disruptions of interventions during the rainy season.

4.3.4. Immediate action should be taken by Government on the bridge of Khor-Gilario; otherwise any humanitarian intervention will be hampered.

4.2.5. Ensure ongoing support for nutrition screening, prevention and treatment activities for young children and pregnant and lactating women in the most vulnerable counties. Outreach activities should be strengthened to ensure programme access to more remote bomas.

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 5 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

4.2.6. Scale up, or initiate, regular community screening of under-5 children and treatment of acute malnutrition in under-serviced affected areas.

4.2.7. Provide seeds and tools to households in time for the coming planting season from the core pipeline to fill the gap likely to occur with the phasing out of FARM Africa from greater Kapoeta in March 2013.

4.2.8. Target interventions at vulnerable households who have no access to cattle, cannot access seed at markets, have few sources of income and/or have high numbers of vulnerable (e.g. children, PLW, elderly) members.

4.2.9. Interventions should be undertaken under the principle of “do no harm” and should consider both the impact of programme design on the existing workload of women and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices.

4.2.10. Where possible, pre-harvest SMART surveys in 2013 are suggested to provide up to date information about the nutrition situation in the greater Kapoeta counties.

4.2.11. There is need to ensure reports of hunger related deaths, illness and food security issues are verified at the local level and shared with the RRC to ensure accurate information is available to key stakeholders at county, state and national levels. The mission suggests that an inclusive technical committee be established at the county and state level to facilitate verification of food security, nutrition and health information and advise authorities on the appropriate action.

4.2.12. Collaboration between NGOs, government and UN to be reinforced. Also regarding improved coordination mechanisms in the area, it is proposed that there should be regular meetings between partners in various sectors of operation and at least one general coordination forum once a month bringing all food security related partners together and OCHA is to share the latest 3Ws (who does what where) information to RRC every 3 months. This should also be extended to the county level.

4.2.13. Humanitarian access is generally a challenge throughout all the areas that were visited, mainly due to poor infrastructure but also due to insecurity. Humanitarian partners require armed escorts to facilitate their work in some areas due to the threat posed by criminal elements. All the areas visited are completely cut off during the rainy season. The road access even during the dry season is still a challenge due to poor road network. At least two bridges between Torit and Kapoeta towns need urgent repair. The issue needs to be followed up with UNOPS who are said to be on ground in EES.

4.3 Medium to long-term Recommendations (to address chronic issues and build resilience)

4.3.1. Further interventions, particularly involving food assistance, should be designed to enhance the existing livelihoods and create assets that promote resilience. This includes increasing rural access, fodder preservation, mobilizing community labour programmes and livestock watering points among other others.

4.3.2. Agricultural activities should support the diversification of crops and assist communities to adapt to the changing rainfall patterns. In addition to sorghum, efforts to promote additional crops

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 6 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

such as pumpkin, cassava, sweet potato, ground nuts should be explored to enhance resilience to erratic rainfall and increase diet diversification.

4.3.3. Interventions aimed at improving cultivation through the use of tools, and labour-saving technologies (such as ox ploughs) and crop varieties need to have a strong behavioral change component to ensure uptake and overcome cultural barriers. These should be developed with a gender sensitive approach, ensuring activities do not add to the household burden of women in particular.

4.3.4. Efforts should be made to support and develop the effectiveness of existing humanitarian initiatives in the area. For example, support for adequate stocking and staffing of health centres and schools.

4.3.5. Build on existing peace initiatives by increasing collaboration and inter-community interactions between the Buya, Toposa and Didinga communities, and ensuring the continuation of dialogue between county commissioners, local authorities, chiefs and CBOs in EES. This should include activities that engage local youth such as sports and cultural festivals.

4.3.6. Cross-border peace initiatives have also been taken up between the Turkana of Kenya in Turkana district, the Dado, Kopein and Dodos communities of Kabona, Jie and Karamoja districts of Uganda respectively and the communities in EES, including the Toposa, Buya and Didinga communities as several incidents were reported between them. The county commissioners, local authorities, chiefs and CBOs have been leading these initiatives from the affected areas in EES with their counterparts in Uganda and Kenya. Support should be given to build on the gains made and continue with dialogue.

4.3.7. The Governor in his last meeting with the advance high level delegation to Torit on 12 February promised to provide security for the humanitarian actors. This should be followed up with further advocacy for blanket patrols that would enhance humanitarian space as provision of armed escorts generally restrict humanitarian access.

4.3.8. All communities visited agreed that for long-term security guarantees, civilian disarmament should be conducted among the communities.

4.3.9. The role of RRC in EES food security information dissemination to be strengthened and streamlined. In particular RRC should ensure that all humanitarian and other relevant information is channeled through them and they will then communicate this information to the partners and local authorities. Gaps in transmitting information should be minimal and reliability of information should be verified to avoid any misunderstandings and communication of inaccurate information. Where capacity is lacking, RRC should work closely with partners to ensure coverage.

4.3.10. The RRC should take the lead in coordination and collaboration initiatives and work with UN and NGO partners and keep the Governor, the commissioners and other government agencies informed of developments. Communications should be strengthened between the Governor, RRC at the state level and all other levels of the government. The Government and RRC should assist in areas where there are no cooperating partners.

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 7 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

4.3.11. Through ISWG and other advocacy initiatives, partners should be encouraged to consider programs in EES and encouraged through initiatives like CHF allocations.

4.3.12. Humanitarian coordination needs to be strengthened. At the moment no regular general coordination meetings are being held. Also Carter Centre was said not to be coordinating or collaborating with the partners and local authorities. These issues need to be addressed.

4.3.13. There is need to initiate an partner coordination forum meeting in greater Kapoeta to bring together all the partners who are operating in the area for proper coordination and sharing of information to avoid sending unverified information to the media.

4.3.14. Rehabilitation and maintenance of the non functional borehole in the area is needed to provide safe and clean water for humans and livestock.

4.3.15. The State Ministry of Health, the national Government and the health partners operating in the State should look into ways of deploying medical personnel and equipment/supplies in areas where there are medical facilities but no personnel and medicine such as the Kalokupe and Imatong PHCCs.

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 8 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

Annex 1: Mission Members Name Organisation Title Email Francis Mottong RRC, EES Director [email protected] Awelo Oborale SMOA, Torit Market Focal Person [email protected] Wani Silas Lubang ARC Kapoeta PHC Coordinator [email protected]; [email protected] Caesar Draku UNMISS/RRP, Torit Field Officer [email protected] Ali Juma Angelo CDoT, Torit Field Supervisor Joseph Oyet Oboma South Sudan Red Cross, Emergency Preparedness [email protected] Torit and Response Jino Odu Mark MOA, Kapeota South Ag/Director of County Agriculture Alex Jubek Santo UNICEF, Torit OIC [email protected] Husahu Nelson Martin WFP FAM [email protected] Onek James Mark WFP FAM [email protected] Charles Lonuha Michael Reporter, Reporter [email protected] [email protected] Michael Oboya L. MOA, Kapoeta East RRC Deputy Secretary Julamui County Martin Muigai UNOCHA, Juba HAO [email protected] Andrew Odero FSL Cluster, Juba Coordinator [email protected] Betty Scopas MHADM, Juba Director of Early Warning [email protected] Shanti Gangatharan Nutrition Cluster M&R Officer [email protected] Jan Michiels FSL Cluster, Juba M&R Officer [email protected] Lexon Wari Amozai RRC, Juba National Director Relief [email protected] (Mission Leader) and Food Security Fr. Amayo Peter CDoT, Torit Education Coordinator [email protected] Latknor Kweth RRC, Juba Inspector Susan Angwech FAO, Torit Agricultural Field Officer [email protected]

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 9 Report on the Fact Finding Mission to Greater Kapoeta and Budi Counties 17-22 February, 2013

Annex 2: Mission Schedule County Activities Sunday, 17 February Juba (Travel from Juba to Torit) Monday, 18 February Torit - Met with State Governor (Travel to Kapoeta) Tuesday, 19 February Kapoeta South - Met with the County Commissioner - Consulted with community about deaths identify nearby communities - Nachilagor Boma – Katiko Payam - Focus group with community (men) - Mureleum Boma – Katico Payam - Observation at homestead and interviews with community members (women) - Nmereza Boma – Katico Payam Kapoeta North - Met with Executive Director in lieu of Commissioner - Observed field by Riwoto - Focus group with community (women) - Lochalir Boma – Napetit Payam - Discussions with community members - Napotpot village, Lokoma Boma - Observed Kalokupea Health Centre Wednesday, 20 February Kapoeta East - Met with County Commissioner - Observed Narus market - Observed ARC nutrition activities at Narus PHCC - Discussions with community (men and women) - Kokoro Boma, Narush Payam - Discussions with the community (men and women) – Katodiri Payam, Kalokupea Boma - Observed of health centre - Lokuma Payam, Kolokupea Boma Thursday, 21 February Budi - Met with County Commissioner - Observed at interviews at Camp 15 Market - Observed and interview at Kimatong PHCC - Visit to homesteads in Chawa Boma, Napak Payam (Travel to Torit) Friday, 22 February Torit - Mission team debrief (Travel to Juba)

A joint report of Relief Rehabilitation Commission, Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster and Nutrition Cluster P a g e | 10