Um Modelo De Combinação Social Usando Microblogging Dissertação De Mestrado

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Um Modelo De Combinação Social Usando Microblogging Dissertação De Mestrado PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM INFORMÁTICA SAMANTHA DOLABELA PEREIRA VRABL #TWINTERA!: UM MODELO DE COMBINAÇÃO SOCIAL USANDO MICROBLOGGING DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO Rio de Janeiro 2011 SAMANTHA DOLABELA PEREIRA VRABL #TWINTERA!: UM MODELO DE COMBINAÇÃO SOCIAL USANDO MICROBLOGGING Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática (PPGI), Instituto de Matemática, Instituto Tércio Pacitti de Aplicações e Pesquisas Computacionais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, como parte dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do título de Mestre em Informática. Orientadoras: Profa. Claudia Lage Rebello da Motta, D.Sc. a. Prof Jonice de Oliveira Sampaio, D.Sc. Rio de Janeiro 2011 V978 Vrabl, Samantha Dolabela Pereira. #Twintera!: um modelo de combinação social usando microblogging. / Samantha Dolabela Pereira Vrabl. – Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ, 2011. 262 f.: il. Orientadoras: Claudia Lage Rebello da Motta; Jonice de Oliveira Sampaio Dissertação (Mestrado em Informática) – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Matemática, Instituto Tércio Pacitti de Aplicações e Pesquisas Computacionais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Informática, 2011. 1. Redes Sociais. 2. Sistemas de Recomendação e Combinação Social – Teses. I. Claudia Lage Rebello da Motta (Orient.). II. Jonice de Oliveira Sampaio (Orient.). III. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Matemática, Instituto Tércio Pacitti de Aplicações. e Pesquisas Computacionais. IV. Título. CDD SAMANTHA DOLABELA PEREIRA VRABL #TWINTERA!: UM MODELO DE COMBINAÇÃO SOCIAL USANDO MICROBLOGGING Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática (PPGI), Instituto de Matemática, Instituto Tércio Pacitti de Aplicações e Pesquisas Computacionais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, como parte dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do título de Mestre em Informática. Aprovada em: Rio de Janeiro, 20 de dezembro de 2011. Profa. Claudia Lage Rebello da Motta, D.Sc., iNCE e PPGI/UFRJ (Orientadora) Profa. Jonice de Oliveira Sampaio, D.Sc., DCC-IM e PPGI/UFRJ (Orientadora) Prof. Marcos da Fonseca Elia, Ph.D., iNCE e PPGI/UFRJ Profa. Flávia Maria Santoro, D.Sc., UNIRIO Prof. José Maria Nazar David, D.Sc., UFJF “A vida é processo de crescimento da alma ao encontro da Grandeza Divina. Aprendamos para esclarecer. Entesouremos para ajudar. Engrandeçamo-nos para proteger. Eduquemo-nos para servir. O próximo é a nossa ponte de ligação com Deus”. Francisco Cândido Xavier, pelo espírito Emmanuel. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a Deus, pela realização de mais um grande sonho. Ele produz a combinação social mais perfeita que existe! À minha orientadora, Professora Claudia Motta, pela sensibilidade e acolhimento. Por me ensinar, a cada dia, ser um pouco mais isso tudo. À minha orientadora, Professora Jonice de Oliveira, pelo imensurável conhecimento, paciência e valioso norteamento deste projeto. Ao Professor Carlo Emmanuel Tolla, por apresentar o tema desta dissertação e me lembrar que um bom mestrado é aquele que gera transformações pessoais. Ao Professor Marcos Elia, pela sua prontidão em seus aconselhamentos sobre a validação científica da pesquisa. Aos professores Marcos Borges, Fábio Ferrentini e Maria Luiza Campos, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática, pelos seus ensinamentos. Ao programador Marcus Vinicius Couto, em auxiliar-me a concretizar este trabalho tão dinâmico com o Twitter. Aos colegas André Engelbrecht, Alessandro Jatobá, Débora Ramalho Barros e Lucimeri Ricas Dias, pelo companheirismo e parceria em diversos trabalhos acadêmicos. Ao PPGI/UFRJ, pela bolsa de estudos e oportunidade de desenvolver essa dissertação. Aos funcionários, em especial, Aníbal, Lucinha, Tia Deise e Zezé, sempre com sua prontidão e comprometimento. Aos meus familiares, especialmente, meus pais, pelo amor incondicional e por ensinarem-me desde pequena a lutar sempre com muito esforço e trabalho. Ao meu marido, por estar presente em todos os momentos. Sem você, não conseguiria chegar até aqui. A todos meus amigos que, direta ou indiretamente, estiveram presentes comigo durante o processo de realização deste Mestrado. Muito obrigada, do fundo do meu coração! RESUMO VRABL, Samantha Dolabela Pereira. #Twintera!: um modelo de combinação social usando microblogging. Rio de Janeiro, 2011. 262 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Informática) – Instituto de Matemática, Instituto Tércio Pacitti de Aplicações. e Pesquisas Computacionais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2011. Esta dissertação apresenta uma abordagem de Combinação Social, baseando-se nas mensagens e no perfil do usuário em um microblogging, a fim de recomendar pessoas com nível de conhecimento relevante para auxiliar na aquisição de informação. A heurística do modelo considerou a análise multivariada discriminante para determinar possíveis especialistas, contando com a prototipagem computacional para a extração de dados e cálculo das métricas de análise de redes sociais. A avaliação do modelo ocorreu por meio de um estudo de caso com dois momentos: no primeiro, foi analisado um grupo de pessoas para verificar a generalidade da função discriminante; e, no segundo, para validação final da proposta, de acordo com uma pesquisa qualitativa, avaliamos a relevância da combinação social oferecida. Palavras-chave: combinação social, microblogging, redes sociais, métricas, Twitter, educação. ABSTRACT VRABL, Samantha Dolabela Pereira. #Twintera!: um modelo de combinação social usando microblogging. Rio de Janeiro, 2011. 262 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Informática) – Instituto de Matemática, Instituto Tércio Pacitti de Aplicações. e Pesquisas Computacionais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2011. This dissertation presents a Social Matching Systems approach, based on the messages and the user profile on a microblogging platform in order to recommend people with relevant knowledge level in this environment, promoting agility in the acquisition of information. The heuristic model comprised a multivariate discriminant multivariate analysis to determine possible experts, relying on computational prototyping for data extraction and calculation of social networks metrics of Twitter´s users. The model evaluation was performed by means of a case study with two phases. In the first, a group of people was set to assess the generality of the discriminant function, and the second, for final validation of the proposal, involved the direct participation of a group of people in a qualitative study for evaluating the relevance of the social matching offered. Keywords: social matching, microblogging, social network, metrics, Twitter, e- learning. LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1: Crescimento de páginas na World Wide Web ..................................................... 15 Figura 2: Dissertação em capítulos .................................................................................... 20 Figura 3: Evolução de Artigos Publicados ..........................................................................41 Figura 4: Evolução Histórica do Twitter .............................................................................. 41 Figura 5: Evolução dos Sistemas de Rede Social .............................................................. 43 Figura 6: Categoria dos Sistemas de Rede Social mais acessados .................................. 44 Figura 7: O universo do Twitter ..........................................................................................47 Figura 8: Percentual de cada Categoria de Serviço Externo .............................................. 50 Figura 9: Detalhamento do Serviço Utilitário ...................................................................... 51 Figura 10: Percentual dos Serviços Ativos e Inativos ......................................................... 51 Figura 11: Evolução das Mudanças da API do Twitter ....................................................... 55 Figura 12: Cenário de definições de Sistema de Recomendação ...................................... 58 Figura 13: Etapas da Recomendação ................................................................................59 Figura 14: Estratégias de Recomendação .........................................................................60 Figura 15: Tela de Recomendação do Movielens .............................................................. 61 Figura 16: Tela de Recomendação do Submarino .............................................................63 Figura 17: Processo Geral de Combinação Social ............................................................. 67 Figura 18: Protótipo do CampusMesh ................................................................................ 72 Figura 19: Combinação Social nas Redes ......................................................................... 75 Figura 20: Passos para análise de rede social ...................................................................77 Figura 21: Sociograma de uma empresa ........................................................................... 79 Figura 22: Tipos de rede segundo os atores ...................................................................... 80 Figura 23: Padrões de Rede mais comuns ........................................................................81 Figura 24: Tipos de redes sociais dinâmicas ...................................................................... 82 Figura 25: Softwares para Análise de Redes Sociais ......................................................... 96 Figura 26: O modelo #twintera!
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