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Complete Issue Dedicated to what works in global health programs GLOBAL HEALTH: SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2018 Volume 6 Number 4 www.ghspjournal.org EDITORS Editor-in-Chief Stephen Hodgins, MD, MSc, DrPH, Associate Professor, Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Alberta Editor-in-Chief Emeritus James D. Shelton, MD, MPH, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs Associate Editors Matthew Barnhart, MD, MPH, Senior Science Advisor, USAID, Bureau for Global Health Cara J. Chrisman, PhD, Biomedical Research Advisor, USAID, Bureau for Global Health Elaine Menotti, MPH, Health Development Officer, USAID, Bureau for Global Health Jim Ricca, MD, MPH, Learning and Implementation Science Team Leader, Maternal and Child Survival Program, Jhpiego Madeleine Short Fabic, MHS, Public Health Advisor, USAID, Bureau for Global Health Digital Health: Alain Labrique, PhD, Professor, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Knowledge Management: Margaret D’Adamo, MLS, MS, Independent Consultant Malaria: Michael Macdonald, ScD, Consultant, World Health Organization, Vector Control Unit, Global Malaria Programme Maternal Health: France Donnay, MD, MPH, FRCOG, FACOG, Women’s Health Consultant Maternal Health: Marge Koblinsky, PhD, Independent Consultant Nutrition: Bruce Cogill, PhD, MS, Consultant Managing Editors Natalie Culbertson, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs Ruwaida Salem, MPH, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs EDITORIAL BOARD Al Bartlett, Save the Children, USA Vinand Nantulya, Uganda AIDS Commission, Uganda Zulfiqar Bhutta, Aga Khan University, Pakistan Emmanuel (Dipo) Otolorin, Jhpiego, Nigeria Kathryn Church, London School of Hygiene and Tropical James Phillips, Columbia University, USA Medicine, UK Yogesh Rajkotia, Institute for Collaborative Development, USA Scott Dowell, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA Suneeta Singh, Amaltas, India Marelize Görgens, World Bank, USA David Sleet, CDC, USA Lennie Kamwendo, White Ribbon Alliance for Safe John Stanback, FHI 360, USA Motherhood, Malawi Lesley Stone, USAID, USA Jemilah Mahmood, Malaysian Medical Relief Society, Douglas Storey, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Malaysia Programs, USA Global Health: Science and Practice (ISSN: 2169-575X) is a no-fee, open-access, peer-reviewed journal published online at www.ghspjournal. org. It is published quarterly by the Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD 21202. The jour- nal is made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The Knowledge for Health (K4Health) Project is supported by USAID's Office of Population and Reproductive Health, Bureau for Global Health, under Cooperative Agreement #AID-OAA-A-13-00068 with the Johns Hopkins University. GHSP is editorially independent and does not necessarily represent the views or positions of USAID, the United States Government, or the Johns Hopkins University. Global Health: Science and Practice is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. For further information, please contact the editors at [email protected]. Cover caption: A girl receives the HPV vaccine at her school in the Southern Province of Rwanda. © 2012 Christine McNab/WHO. Table of Contents December 2018 | Volume 6 | Number 4 EDITORIALS Antenatal Corticosteroids: Primum non nocere Efforts continue—building on work of the UN Commission on Life-Saving Commodities for Women and Children—to expand use of ante- natal corticosteroids in low-resource settings. We argue that until more is known on the balance of benefit versus harm, such promotion should be suspended. Steve Hodgins Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):620–623 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00461 Time to Evolve Beyond Prototypical Community-Based Distribution (CBD) of Contraception? CBD efforts have a definite role in a variety of country programming contexts. However, contemporary efforts need to strive for an expanded method mix, strong support and motivation of CBD agents, and robust integration with existing health systems. Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):624–625 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00462 VIEWPOINTS Regaining Momentum in Family Planning Since the launch of the Family Planning 2020 initiative 5 years ago, 46 million more clients in the 69 poorest countries are using modern contraception—a tremendous accomplishment, albeit behind schedule to reach the 2020 global goal of 120 million. Family planning continues to be innovative, and as reflected in the recent 2018 International Conference on Family Planning in Rwanda, there is a newfound momentum behind the movement and a new generation of young leaders with powerful ideas, creativity, and passion who are stepping up to help propel family planning onward. Jose G. Rimon II, Amy O. Tsui Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):626–628 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00483 COMMENTARIES A Vaccine Against Cervical Cancer: Context for the Global Public Health Practitioner Many low- and middle-income countries are moving to introduce HPV vaccine into their national immunization programs. To improve coverage, equity, and sustainability, public health officials and practitioners can use planning and implementation lessons learned, including successful school-based delivery strategies, innovative approaches to reach out-of-school girls, best practices for communica- tion and social mobilization, and integration of services to reduce delivery cost. Policy makers, donors, and global partners should con- tinue to consider ways to drive down costs of vaccine procurement. Mary Carol Jennings, Anagha Loharikar Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):629–634 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00222 Global Health: Science and Practice 2018 | Volume 6 | Number 4 Table of Contents www.ghspjournal.org A Global Learning Agenda for the Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System (LNG IUS): Addressing Challenges and Opportunities to Increase Access The LNG IUS is one of the most effective forms of reversible contraception and has important noncontraceptive benefits but is currently not used at scale in any Family Planning 2020 focus country. A global working group developed a shared learning agenda to answer critical questions, harmonize approaches, avoid duplication, and facilitate introduction of the method within the context of informed choice. Kate H. Rademacher, Tabitha Sripipatana, Anne Pfitzer, Anna Mackay, Sarah Thurston, Ashley Jackson, Elaine Menotti, Hayley Traeger Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):635–643 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00383 ORIGINAL ARTICLES Antenatal Corticosteroids for Women at Risk of Imminent Preterm Birth in 7 sub-Saharan African Countries: A Policy and Implementation Landscape Analysis Countries have put in place some elements necessary for safe and effective antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) use, but significant challenges remain including: ensuring accurate gestational age determination, establishing clear treatment guidelines, strengthening provider capacity, incorporating obstetric indications for ACS use in national essential medicines lists, and collecting and using ACS-related data in the HMIS. Most importantly, the quality of maternal and new- born care, including specialized newborn care, needs improvement to ensure a strong foundation for the safe and effective use of ACS. Dawn Greensides, Judith Robb-McCord, Angeline Noriega, James A. Litch Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):644–656 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00171 Evolution of a Large-Scale Community-Based Contraceptive Distribution Program in Kinshasa, DRC Based on Process Evaluation Midterm process evaluation results indicated that design and implementation failures hindered the program’s success, notably: (1) the short-acting methods provided by community-based distributors (CBDs) offered limited choice; (2) the nom- inal revenue retained from selling the methods provided limited motivation for the volunteer CBDs; and (3) the model was poorly coordinated with the existing clinical service system, partly because of challenging systems issues. In the revised model, the CBDs will also provide subcutaneous injectables and emergency contraceptive pills, retain more revenue from contraceptive sales, and have better interaction with the existing system including conducting monthly mini-campaigns to increase visibility and attract more clients. Julie H. Hernandez, Pierre Z. Akilimali, Mbadu Fidèle Muanda, Annie L. Glover, Jane T. Bertrand Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):657–667 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00205 Global Health: Science and Practice 2018 | Volume 6 | Number 4 Table of Contents www.ghspjournal.org Unpacking the “Black Box”: How an SMS-Based Continuing Medical Education Intervention Improved Medical Knowledge Among HIV Clinicians in Vietnam Daily SMS quizzes sent to medical practitioners seem to act as a stimulus for further self-study when paired with access to additional readings and online courses, improving medical knowledge as a result. Maia R. Nofal, Nafisa Halim, Bao Ngoc Le, Lora L. Sabin, Anna Larson Williams, Rachael Bonawitz, Ha Viet Nguyen, Tam Thi Thanh Nguyen, Christopher J. Gill Glob Health Sci Pract. 2018;6(4):668–679 https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00298
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