DOCSLIB.ORG

A Distributed Actor Model for Mobile Platforms

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Distributed Actor Model for Mobile Platforms DAMMP: A Distributed Actor Model for Mobile Platforms Arghya Chatterjee∗ Srđan Milaković Bing Xue School of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology Rice University Rice University Atlanta, Georgia, USA Houston, Texas, USA Houston, Texas, USA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Zoran Budimlić Vivek Sarkar Department of Computer Science, School of Computer Science, Rice University Georgia Institute of Technology Houston, Texas, USA Atlanta, Georgia, USA [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT CCS CONCEPTS While mobile computing has seen a trend towards miniaturiza- • Computing methodologies → Parallel programming lan- tion and energy savings for a number of years, the available hard- guages; Distributed programming languages; ware parallelism in mobile devices has at the same time continued to increase. Overall, mobile devices remain resource constrained KEYWORDS on power consumption and thermal dissipation. Aggregating the Actor Model, Selector Model, Mobile Computing, Android Platform, computing capabilities of multiple mobile devices in a distributed Distributed Selectors, Remote Messaging, Remote Synchronization. and dynamic setting, opens the possibilities for performance im- provements, longer aggregate battery life and novel dynamic and 1 INTRODUCTION distributed applications. In this paper, we propose a Distributed Actor Model for Mobile The computational demands on mobile devices are increasing at a Platforms (DAMMP), which includes a) a mobile extension to the rapid pace that is hard to sustain with current device-level energy actor-based Distributed Selector (DS) programming model, along capacities. In this paper, we make a case for using a Distributed with a new implementation for mobile Android devices, b) an exten- Actor Model for Mobile Platforms (DAMMP) to harness the pro- sion to the DS programming model that enables the programmer cessing power of multiple supporting mobile devices, and (when to react and adapt to dynamic changes in device availability, c) an available) supporting servers, so as to increase the responsiveness adaptive mobile-to-server and mobile-to-mobile computation of- and reduce the energy consumption of specific mobile devices that floading model and its implementation on the Android platform, need to process compute-intensive jobs. and d) creation of a dynamic network of heterogeneous Android While mobile devices are not usually associated with distributed devices using both Wi-Fi Soft AP and Wi-Fi Direct’s peer to peer and high-performance computing, past projects including distribut- (P2P) network. ed peer-to-peer file sharing for mobile applications [20] and off- We evaluate the DAMMP framework under ideal thermally- the-grid agricultural distributed mobile applications [21], have controlled usage conditions to show promising scalability and demonstrated real-world impact with distributed mobile applica- performance, and analyze the communication overhead of both tions. However, while most such projects are based on specialized Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi Direct when used as the communication layer hardware, we aim to provide a portable and more extensible frame- for DAMMP. We also evaluate the impact of adaptive offload on work with DAMMP. Some popular scenarios from past work on device-level thermal dissipation in more realistic usage scenarios, image recognition [9, 24] and GPS triangulation [17, 27, 32, 33] help thereby demonstrating possibilities for thermal control and power motivate our model in dynamic and heterogeneous settings: management that can be achieved at the application level with a • Law enforcement agencies in the field may not have ac- distributed actor model. To the best of our knowledge, this work is cess to high-performance computing resources to run a the first cross-platform distributed actor/selector runtime system facial-recognition application, and may have to rely on that can span mobile devices and distributed servers. the computing power of their hand-held mobile devices instead. These compute intensive jobs may not be possible ∗ Also with Computer Science and Mathematics Division, ORNL. to run on a single device, but with the use of DAMMP they Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or can transparently create a distributed network of multiple classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed devices to collaboratively implement the face-recognition for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation algorithm [9]. on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, • Hikers are at a remote location without Internet connec- to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a tivity and with a set of devices with different computing fee. Request permissions from [email protected]. power, battery states and temperatures. A DAMMP ap- ManLang 2017, Prague, Czech Republic © 2017 ACM. 978-1-4503-5340-3/17/09...$15.00 plication can enable them to share GPS data among their DOI: 10.1145/3132190.3132205 devices and triangulate their position using the collective ManLang 2017, September 27–29, 2017, Prague, Czech Republic A. Chatterjee, S. Milaković, B. Xue, Z. Budimlić, V. Sarkar computing power of their devices, while at the same time to the DAMMP runtime (which happen not to require the multiple- managing the power consumption and heat dissipation to mailbox functionality available in selectors). maximize the collective usability and longevity of their ad-hoc distributed system of heterogeneous devices [17]. 2.1 Selector Model Scenarios such as these illustrate a need for a programming The Selector model [14] is an extension of the Actor programming model and system that would allow an easy distribution and redis- model [1] that supports multiple guarded mailboxes (which can be tribution of work that needs to be done, a convenient mechanism enabled or disabled independently) along with the priority-based for the application to adapt to dynamic changes in network topol- processing of messages. It overcomes known difficulties in imple- ogy (such as devices leaving or joining the group), and an effortless menting synchronization and coordination patterns using the pure model for offloading computation to another device as a reaction to actor model. The idea of guarded mailboxes in selectors is inspired dynamic environment changes (such as battery running low or tem- by classical condition variables, in which a thread checks whether perature running high on a device). We believe that the DAMMP a condition is true before continuing execution in a critical section. programming model and runtime is well suited to addressing this The results in [14] show that Selectors can also be implemented need. DAMMP combines the distributed asynchrony inherent in efficiently, since that work includes performance comparisons with the Actor model (which greatly facilitates migration), the expres- Scala, Akka, Jetlang, Scalaz, Functional-Java and Habanero actor li- siveness of the Selector model (which can express a wider range of braries. However, the implementation described in [14] was limited coordination protocols), distributed execution on ad-hoc networks to a single-node (shared-memory) implementation of the Selector using Wi-Fi Direct, and an Actor-friendly interface between the model in the Habanero Java Library [12]. runtime and the application that allows for an easy implementation of adaptation mechanisms that react to dynamic changes in the 2.2 Distributed Selector Model system (devices joining/leaving, battery running low, temperature The Habanero Java Distributed Selector (HJDS) runtime library [8] rising too high, OS throttling the CPU, etc.). extended the design and implementation of the single-node Selector To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first cross-platform library from [14] to work across multiple distributed server nodes distributed actor/selector runtime system that can span mobile (with one or more JVM instances per node). HJDS makes it possible devices and distributed servers. The specific contributions of this to use selectors as a single unified programming model for both paper are as follows: shared-memory and distributed multi-node execution of a program. (1) We present a Distributed Actor Model for Mobile Platforms The HJDS runtime allows the programmer to focus on imple- (DAMMP), a Java library that extends the Distributed Se- menting algorithms for solving a problem without worrying about lector model [8] to include support for mobile platforms whether the application should run on a shared-memory or distribu- as well as support for dynamic topology changes and re- ted-memory system. The runtime also provides automated system configuration. bootstrap and distributed global termination by terminating the (2) DAMMP includes a clean and intuitive interface for the user entire distributed system when all selectors in the user code have to implement reactions to changes in the system topology been successfully terminated. and configuration. For a single HJDS program, each computing node is set up with (3) An implementation of this programming model on modern a configuration file which can be customized by the user toadjust Android devices. the number of computing nodes, and JVM processes
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Incorparating the Actor Model Into SCIVE on an Abstract Semantic Level
    Incorparating the Actor Model into SCIVE on an Abstract Semantic Level Christian Frohlich¨ ∗ Marc E. Latoschik† AI and VR Group, Bielefeld University AI and VR Group, Bielefeld University. ABSTRACT Since visual perception is very important for generating immer- sive environments, most VR applications focus on the graphical This paper illustrates the temporal synchronization and process flow simulation output. Tools like OpenGL Performer, Open Inven- facilities of a real-time simulation system which is based on the ac- tor [12], Open Scene Graph, OpenSG [11] or the VRML successor tor model. The requirements of such systems are compared against X3D [8] are based upon a hierarchical scene graph structure, which the actor model’s basic features and structures. The paper describes allows for complex rendering tasks. Extension mechanisms like how a modular architecture benefits from the actor model on the field routing or rapid prototyping via scipting interfaces allow for module level and points out how the actor model enhances paral- new customized node types and interconnected application graphs. lelism and concurrency even down to the entity level. The actor idea is incorporated into a novel simulation core for intelligent vir- Purpose-built VR application frameworks adopt and extend these mechanisms, by adding in- and output customization, see e.g. tual environments (SCIVE). SCIVE supports well-known and es- TM tablished Virtual Reality paradigms like the scene graph metaphor, Lightning [4], Avango [13], VR Juggler [3] or the CAVELib . field routing concepts etc. In addition, SCIVE provides an explicit Also network distribution paradigms are often integrated to enable semantic representation of its internals as well as of the specific distributed rendering on a cluster architecture, as can be seen in virtual environments’ contents.
    [Show full text]
  • Actor-Based Concurrency by Srinivas Panchapakesan
    Concurrency in Java and Actor- based concurrency using Scala By, Srinivas Panchapakesan Concurrency Concurrent computing is a form of computing in which programs are designed as collections of interacting computational processes that may be executed in parallel. Concurrent programs can be executed sequentially on a single processor by interleaving the execution steps of each computational process, or executed in parallel by assigning each computational process to one of a set of processors that may be close or distributed across a network. The main challenges in designing concurrent programs are ensuring the correct sequencing of the interactions or communications between different computational processes, and coordinating access to resources that are shared among processes. Advantages of Concurrency Almost every computer nowadays has several CPU's or several cores within one CPU. The ability to leverage theses multi-cores can be the key for a successful high-volume application. Increased application throughput - parallel execution of a concurrent program allows the number of tasks completed in certain time period to increase. High responsiveness for input/output-intensive applications mostly wait for input or output operations to complete. Concurrent programming allows the time that would be spent waiting to be used for another task. More appropriate program structure - some problems and problem domains are well-suited to representation as concurrent tasks or processes. Process vs Threads Process: A process runs independently and isolated of other processes. It cannot directly access shared data in other processes. The resources of the process are allocated to it via the operating system, e.g. memory and CPU time. Threads: Threads are so called lightweight processes which have their own call stack but an access shared data.
    [Show full text]
  • Liam: an Actor Based Programming Model for Hdls
    Liam: An Actor Based Programming Model for HDLs Haven Skinner Rafael Trapani Possignolo Jose Renau Dept. of Computer Engineering Dept. of Computer Engineering Dept. of Computer Engineering [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT frequency being locked down early in the development process, The traditional model for developing synthesizable digital architec- and adds a high cost in effort and man-hours, to make high-level tures is a clock-synchronous pipeline. Latency-insensitive systems changes to the system. Although these challenges can be managed, are an alternative, where communication between blocks is viewed they represent fundamental obstacles to developing large-scale as message passing. In hardware this is generally managed by con- systems. trol bits such as valid/stop signals or token credit mechanisms. An alternative is a latency-insensitive design, where the system Although prior work has shown that there are numerous benefits is abstractly seen as being comprised of nodes, which communicate to building latency-insensitive digital hardware, a major factor dis- via messages. Synchronous hardware systems can be automatically couraging its use is the difficulty of managing the additional logic transformed to latency-insensitive designs, which we refer to as and infrastructure required to implement it. elastic systems [1–3]. Alternately, the designer can manually con- We propose a new programming paradigm for Hardware Descrip- trol the latency-insensitive backend [4, 5], we call such systems tion Languages, built on the Actor Model, to implicitly implement Fluid Pipelines. The advantage of exposing the elasticity to the latency-insensitive hardware designs. We call this model Liam, for designer is an increase in performance and flexibility in transforma- Latency-Insensitive Actor-based programming Model.
    [Show full text]
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
    MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LABORATORY Working Paper 190 June 1979 A FAIR POWER DOMAIN FOR ACTOR COMPUTATIONS Will Clinger AI Laboratory Working Papers are produced for internal circulation, and may contain information that is, for example, too preliminary or too detailed for formal publication. Although some will be given a limited external distribution, it is not intended that they should be considered papers to which reference can be made in the literature. This report describes research conducted at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Support for this research was provided in part by the Office of Naval Research of the Department of Defense under Contract N00014-75-C-0522. O MASSAnuTsms INSTTUTE OF TECMGoOry FM DRAFT 1 June 1979 -1- A fair power domain A FAIR POWER DOMAIN FOR ACTOR COMPUTATIONS Will Clingerl 1. Abstract Actor-based languages feature extreme concurrency, allow side effects, and specify a form of fairness which permits unbounded nondeterminism. This makes it difficult to provide a satisfactory mathematical foundation for their semantics. Due to the high degree of parallelism, an oracle semantics would be intractable. A weakest precondition semantics is out of the question because of the possibility of unbounded nondeterminism. The most attractive approach, fixed point semantics using power domains, has not been helpful because the available power domain constructions, although very general, seemed to deal inadequately with fairness. By taking advantage of the relatively complex structure of the actor computation domain C, however, a power domain P(C) can be defined which is similar to Smyth's weak power domain but richer.
    [Show full text]
  • Actor Model of Computation
    Published in ArXiv http://arxiv.org/abs/1008.1459 Actor Model of Computation Carl Hewitt http://carlhewitt.info This paper is dedicated to Alonzo Church and Dana Scott. The Actor model is a mathematical theory that treats “Actors” as the universal primitives of concurrent digital computation. The model has been used both as a framework for a theoretical understanding of concurrency, and as the theoretical basis for several practical implementations of concurrent systems. Unlike previous models of computation, the Actor model was inspired by physical laws. It was also influenced by the programming languages Lisp, Simula 67 and Smalltalk-72, as well as ideas for Petri Nets, capability-based systems and packet switching. The advent of massive concurrency through client- cloud computing and many-core computer architectures has galvanized interest in the Actor model. An Actor is a computational entity that, in response to a message it receives, can concurrently: send a finite number of messages to other Actors; create a finite number of new Actors; designate the behavior to be used for the next message it receives. There is no assumed order to the above actions and they could be carried out concurrently. In addition two messages sent concurrently can arrive in either order. Decoupling the sender from communications sent was a fundamental advance of the Actor model enabling asynchronous communication and control structures as patterns of passing messages. November 7, 2010 Page 1 of 25 Contents Introduction ............................................................ 3 Fundamental concepts ............................................ 3 Illustrations ............................................................ 3 Modularity thru Direct communication and asynchrony ............................................................. 3 Indeterminacy and Quasi-commutativity ............... 4 Locality and Security ............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Science (COM S) 1
    Computer Science (COM S) 1 COM S 105B: Short Course in Computer Programming: MATLAB COMPUTER SCIENCE (COM S) (2-0) Cr. 2. Any experimental courses offered by COM S can be found at: Prereq: Com S 104 registrar.iastate.edu/faculty-staff/courses/explistings/ (http:// 8-week course in programming using MATLAB. www.registrar.iastate.edu/faculty-staff/courses/explistings/) COM S 106: Introduction to Web Programming Courses primarily for undergraduates: (3-0) Cr. 3. F.S. Introduction to web programming basics. Fundamentals of developing COM S 101: Orientation web pages using a comprehensive web development life cycle. Learn Cr. R. F.S. to design and code practical real-world homepage programs and earn Introduction to the computer science discipline and code of ethics, Com adequate experience with current web design techniques such as HTML5 S courses, research and networking opportunities, procedures, policies, and cascading style sheets. Students also learn additional programming help and computing resources, extra-curricular activities offered by the languages including JavaScript, jQuery, PHP, SQL, and MySQL. Strategies Department of Computer Science and Iowa State University. Discussion for accessibility, usability and search engine optimization. No prior of issues relevant to student adjustment to college life. Offered on a computer programming experience necessary. satisfactory-fail basis only. Offered on a satisfactory-fail basis only. COM S 107: Windows Application Programming COM S 103: Computer Literacy and Applications (3-0) Cr. 3. F.S. Cr. 4. F.S.SS. Introduction to computer programming for non-majors using a language Introduction to computer literacy and applications. Literacy: Impact of such as the Visual Basic language.
    [Show full text]
  • A Model Based Realisation of Actor Model to Conceptualise an Aid for Complex Dynamic Decision-Making
    A Model based Realisation of Actor Model to Conceptualise an Aid for Complex Dynamic Decision-making Souvik Barat1, Vinay Kulkarni1, Tony Clark2 and Balbir Barn3 1Tata Consultancy Services Research, Pune, India 2Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, U.K. 3Middlesex University, London, U.K. {souvik.barat, vinay.vkulkarni}@tcs.com, [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Organisational Decision Making, Simulation, Actor Model of Computation, Actor based Simulation. Abstract: Effective decision-making of modern organisation requires deep understanding of various aspects of organisation such as its goals, structure, business-as-usual operational processes etc. The large size and complex structure of organisations, socio-technical characteristics, and fast business dynamics make this decision-making a challenging endeavour. The state-of-practice of decision-making that relies heavily on human experts is often reported as ineffective, imprecise and lacking in agility. This paper evaluates a set of candidate technologies and makes a case for using actor based simulation techniques as an aid for complex dynamic decision-making. The approach is justified by enumeration of basic requirements of complex dynamic decision-making and the conducting a suitability of analysis of state-of-the-art enterprise modelling techniques. The research contributes a conceptual meta-model that represents necessary aspects of organisation for complex dynamic decision-making together with a realisation in terms of a meta model that extends Actor model of computation. The proposed approach is illustrated using a real life case study from business process outsourcing industry. 1 INTRODUCTION reports from leading consulting organisations such as McKinsey and Harvard Business Review (Kahneman Modern organisations constantly attempt to meet et al., 2011, Meissner et al.
    [Show full text]
  • An Evaluation of Interaction Paradigms for Active Objects
    An Evaluation of Interaction Paradigms for Active Objects Farzane Karami, Olaf Owe, Toktam Ramezanifarkhani Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Norway Abstract Distributed systems are challenging to design properly and prove correctly due to their heterogeneous and distributed nature. These challenges depend on the programming paradigms used and their semantics. The actor paradigm has the advantage of offering a modular semantics, which is useful for composi- tional design and analysis. Shared variable concurrency and race conditions are avoided by means of asynchronous message passing. The object-oriented paradigm is popular due to its facilities for program structuring and reuse of code. These paradigms have been combined by means of concurrent objects where remote method calls are transmitted by message passing and where low- level synchronization primitives are avoided. Such kinds of objects may exhibit active behavior and are often called active objects. In this setting the concept of futures is central and is used by a number of languages. Futures offer a flexible way of communicating and sharing computation results. However, futures come with a cost, for instance with respect to the underlying implementation support, including garbage collection. In particular this raises a problem for IoT systems. The purpose of this paper is to reconsider and discuss the future mechanism and compare this mechanism to other alternatives, evaluating factors such as expressiveness, efficiency, as well as syntactic and semantic complexity including ease of reasoning. We limit the discussion to the setting of imperative, active objects and explore the various mechanisms and their weaknesses and advan- tages. A surprising result (at least to the authors) is that the need of futures in this setting seems to be overrated.
    [Show full text]
  • A Universal Modular ACTOR Formalism for Artificial Intelligence
    Session 8 Formalisms for Artificial Intelligence A Universal Modular ACTOR Formalism for Artificial Intelligence Carl Hewitt Peter Bishop __ Richard Steiger Abstract This paper proposes a modular ACTOR architecture and definitional method for artificial intelligence that is conceptually based on a single kind of object: actors [or, if you will, virtual processors, activation frames, or streams]. The formalism makes no presuppositions about the representation of primitive data structures and control structures. Such structures can be programmed, micro-coded, or hard wired in a uniform modular fashion. In fact it is impossible to determine whether a given object is "really" represented as a list, a vector, a hash table, a function, or a process. The architecture will efficiently run the coming generation of PLANNER-like artificial intelligence languages including those requiring a high degree of parallelism. The efficiency is gained without loss of programming generality because it only makes certain actors more efficient; it does not change their behavioral characteristics. The architecture is general with respect to control structure and does not have or need goto, interrupt, or semaphore primitives. The formalism achieves the goals that the disallowed constructs are intended to achieve by other more structured methods. PLANNER Progress "Programs should not only work, but they should appear to work as well." PDP-1X Dogma The PLANNER project is continuing research in natural and effective means for embedding knowledge in procedures. In the course of this work we have succeeded in unifying the formalism around one_ fundamental concept: the ACTOR. Intuitively, an ACTOR is an active agent which plays a role on cue according to a script.
    [Show full text]
  • An Actor Model of Concurrency for the Swift Programming Language
    An Actor Model of Concurrency for the Swift Programming Language Kwabena Aning Keith Leonard Mannock Department of Computer Science and Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Information Systems Birkbeck, University of London Birkbeck, University of London London, WC1E 7HX, UK London, WC1E 7HX, UK Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Keywords—Software Architectures, Distributed and Parallel that would enhance the functionality of the language while Systems, Agent Architectures, Programming languages, Concur- addressing concurrent processing issues. rent computing. In the Section II, we will make a distinction between Abstract—The Swift programming language is rapidly rising concurrency and parallelism. In Section III of this paper in popularity but it lacks the facilities for true concurrent we describe our architecture that addresses the problems programming. In this paper we describe an extension to the language which enables access to said concurrent capabilities and with concurrency, problems arising from non-determinism, provides an api for supporting such interactions. We adopt the deadlocking, and divergence, which leads to a more general ACTOR model of concurrent computation and show how it can problem of shared data in a concurrent environment. In Section be successfully incorporated into the language. We discuss early IV we outline our implementation, and our message passing findings on our prototype implementation and show its usage strategy as a possible solution to the shared data problem. via an appropriate example. This work also suggests a general design pattern for the implementation of the ACTOR model in In Section V we describe a brief example to show the usage the Swift programming language.
    [Show full text]
  • Embedding Concurrency: a Lua Case Study
    ISSN 0103-9741 Monografias em Cienciaˆ da Computac¸ao˜ no 13/11 Embedding Concurrency: A Lua Case Study Alexandre Rupert Arpini Skyrme Noemi de La Rocque Rodriguez Pablo Martins Musa Roberto Ierusalimschy Bruno Oliveira Silvestre Departamento de Informatica´ PONTIF´ICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA´ DO RIO DE JANEIRO RUA MARQUESˆ DE SAO˜ VICENTE, 225 - CEP 22451-900 RIO DE JANEIRO - BRASIL Monografias em Cienciaˆ da Computac¸ao,˜ No. 13/11 ISSN: 0103-9741 Editor: Prof. Carlos Jose´ Pereira de Lucena September, 2011 Embedding Concurrency: A Lua Case Study Alexandre Rupert Arpini Skyrme Noemi de La Rocque Rodriguez Pablo Martins Musa Roberto Ierusalimschy Bruno Oliveira Silvestre1 1 Informatics Institute – Federal University of Goias (UFG) [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] Resumo. O suporte a` concorrenciaˆ pode ser considerado no projeto de uma linguagem de programac¸ao˜ ou provido por construc¸oes˜ inclu´ıdas, frequentemente por meio de bib- liotecas, a uma linguagem sem suporte ou com suporte limitado a funcionalidades de concorrencia.ˆ A escolha entre essas duas abordagens nao˜ e´ simples: linguagens com suporte nativo a` concorrenciaˆ oferecem eficienciaˆ e eleganciaˆ de sintaxe, enquanto bib- liotecas oferecem mais flexibilidade. Neste artigo discutimos uma terceira abordagem, dispon´ıvel em linguagens de script: embutir a concorrencia.ˆ Nos´ utilizamos a linguagem de programac¸ao˜ Lua e explicamos os mecanismos que ela oferece para suportar essa abordagem. Em seguida, utilizando dois sistemas concorrentes como exemplos, demon- stramos como esses mecanismos podem ser uteis´ na criac¸ao˜ de modelos leves de con- correncia.ˆ Palavras-chave: concorrencia,ˆ Lua, embutir, estender, scripting, threads, multithreading Abstract.
    [Show full text]
  • Reactive Messaging Patterns with the Actor Model
    Reactive Messaging Patterns with the Actor Model This page intentionally left blank Reactive Messaging Patterns with the Actor Model Applications and Integration in Scala and Akka Vaughn Vernon New York • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. The author and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liabil- ity is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. For information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special sales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom cover designs; and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, or branding interests), please contact our corporate sales department at [email protected] or (800) 382-3419. For government sales inquiries, please contact [email protected]. For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contact [email protected]. Visit us on the Web: informit.com/aw Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Vernon, Vaughn. Reactive messaging patterns with the Actor model : applications and integration in Scala and Akka / Vaughn Vernon. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index.
    [Show full text]