Shared Mobility Accessibility Study
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THE OAKLAND DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Shared Mobility Accessibility Study JUNE 2020 Acknowledgments City of Oakland Department of Transportation (OakDOT) • Kerby Olsen, Project Manager • Anh Nguyen, Project Manager Technical support provided by Bay Area Outreach and Recreation Program Funding provided by ACTC and BAAQMD Special thanks to the supportive and insightful committee members and chair persons who participated in this process, including: • WAV TAC • Mayors Commission for Persons with Disabilities Bike Share Accessibility Technical Advisory Committee • Jake Darby, Lyft • Greg Milano, BORP • Kara Oberg, MTC • Neal Patel, Lyft • Leo Siecienski, BORP • Annette Williams, SFMTA • Emily Stapleton, Motivate / Lyft • Thomas Gregory, The Center for • Ginger Jui, Bike East Bay • Dave Campbell, Bike East Bay Independent Living • Frank Sperling, MCPD Alta Planning + Design • Jean Crowther, AICP • Beth Martin • Marisa Lee • Nick Aguilera • Brett Hondorp • Anne Bothner-By Community Transportation Association of America (CTAA) • Chris Zeilinger Independent Advisors • Dr. Susan Shaheen • Adam Cohen COVER IMAGE: JEFF MOORE, CNET.COM Contents STUDY PURPOSE.................................................................. 1 The City of Oakland’s Commitment.....................................................1 Project Purpose .......................................................................1 Understanding Access to Shared Mobility...............................................2 What is Shared Mobility? ..............................................................3 STUDY PROCESS .................................................................. 5 Project Timeline ......................................................................5 Community Input .....................................................................5 Technical Assessment ................................................................5 ACCESSIBILITY OF SHARED MOBILITY............................................. 7 Common Policy Considerations . 7 Key Case Studies.....................................................................10 ACCESSIBILITY OF SHARED MOBILITY IN OAKLAND...............................13 Key Findings .........................................................................13 Bike Share Assessment...............................................................14 Scooter Share Assessment ...........................................................18 Ridehailing Assessment ..............................................................20 Carsharing Assessment ..............................................................22 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................25 Overview ............................................................................25 STRATEGY 1: Reduce Impacts to Persons with Disabilities Travelling by Other Modes.....25 STRATEGY 2: Modify Vehicle, Device, or Station Design.................................26 STRATEGY 3: Provide Alternative Service Models ......................................27 STRATEGY 4: Expand User Information and Transaction Opportunities ..................28 STRATEGY 5: Leverage New Partnerships, Planning, and Funding .......................29 APPENDICES.....................................................................31 1 - Shared Mobility Best Practices Memo 2 - Ridehailing and Carsharing Accessibility Data Memo 3 - Bike Share Station Assessment with Scooter Parking Opportunities 4 - Survey Results and Focus Groups Summaries 5 - Digital Accessibility Audit 6 - BORP Adaptive Bike Share Pilot Program Results 1 4 The City of Oakland Department of Transportation PHOTO: KIEN NGUYEN KIEN PHOTO: Study Purpose THE CITY OF OAKLAND’S COMMITMENT PROJECT PURPOSE The City of Oakland has a long-standing history of Recognizing the importance of providing an inclusive and working with the disability community to understand and equitable transportation system, OakDOT proudly offered address barriers that pose challenges to equal access the first Adaptive Bike Share program in the Bay Area for to services and facilities. The Mayor’s Commission on people with disabilities2. This vital program came together Persons with Disabilities (MCPD) serves as the City of through partnership between OakDOT’s ADA Programs Oakland’s primary advisory body on Americans with Division, the MCPD, the Metropolitan Transportation Disabilities Act (ADA) compliance, disability access, and Commission (MTC), Lyft, and Bay Area Outreach and the advancement of disability rights. The Commission Recreation Program (BORP). In 2019, OakDOT was also operates in an advisory, review, and advocacy capacity to the first in the country to require that permitted scooter ensure City of Oakland policies, programs, and actions share providers develop an accessible scooter share provide consideration and accommodation for optimizing service within the first year of operations.3 In January disability access. 2020, OakDOT and Lime announced the first iteration of accessible scooter share with design modifications to the As a branch of the City of Oakland, the Oakland scooters themselves and new service options, such as Department of Transportation (OakDOT) is committed door-to-door delivery of a rented scooter, longer duration to serving the diverse transportation needs of residents of rental, and new pricing options.4 from all walks of life, and relies on the MCPD for policy, program, and project review to identify ways travelers As these pioneering efforts unfold, OakDOT with disabilities can be better served by transportation commissioned a study to evaluate the Adaptive Bike programs and infrastructure within the City. This includes Share Pilot Program and the accessibility of other advising on the needs of the 12% of Oakland residents shared mobility services in Oakland and to identify that identify as having one or more disabilities, as well as new ways of expanding access to these services for the 23% of residents who are older adults (39% of whom persons with disabilities. The Oakland Shared Mobility have a disability).1 OakDOT also recognizes that nearly Accessibility Study, summarized in this report, assesses every person will experience a disability at some point in barriers that travelers with disabilities encounter while their life, whether temporary due to surgery or injury or a using four primary shared mobility models that operate in more permanent transition into a new phase of life. the City of Oakland: bike share, scooter share, ridehailing, and carshare. At the time of this report, this included 1 Oakland Disability Access Policy, https://cao-94612.s3.amazonaws.com/ the following programs: Bay Wheels (operated by Lyft), documents/City-of-Oakland-Administrative-Policy-Regarding-Accessibility- OakDOT’s Adaptive Bike Share Pilot Program, Bird, Lime, under-Americans-with-Disabilities-Act-ADA.pdf Lyft (scooter share, and ridehailing), Uber, Getaround, Turo, Gig, and Zipcar. 2 https://sf.streetsblog.org/2019/05/13/ oakland-adds-bike-share-for-people-with-disabilities/ 3 https://library.municode.com/ca/oakland/ordinances/ code_of_ordinances?nodeId=917183 4 The COVID-19 pandemic and shelter in place orders from the State and County interrupted the City of Oakland roll out of more adaptive scooters. https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2020/oakdot-and-lime-launch-first-ever- e-scooter-pilot-program-designed-for-riders-with-disabilities Shared Mobility Accessibility Study 1 The Shared Mobility Accessibility Study draws from both If one link is not accessible, then access to a subsequent technical analysis and the lived experience of travelers with link is unattainable and the trip cannot be completed. The disabilities to better understand how Oakland’s various inability to get to and from destinations is a persistent shared mobility systems are meeting, exceeding, or problem for travelers with disabilities. Accomplishing underserving the disability community’s diversity of needs. the complete trip is often handled by professional This project culminated in recommendations to: staff and agencies, but shared mobility presents new 1. Reduce Impacts to Persons with Disabilities Traveling by opportunities to allow users with disabilities to travel more Modes Other than Shared Mobility independently. This can be done by providing the right tools, such as accessible options to enable individuals to 2. Modify Vehicle, Device, and Station Design develop the skills needed to prepare for travel, travel from 3. Provide Alternative Service Models their locations easily, and use shared mobility products, devices, services, and enabling technologies. 4. Expand User Information and Transaction Opportunities 5. Leverage New Partnerships, Planning, and Funding However, not all mobility service providers may offer accessible options, or these options may not provide an equivalent level of service (e.g., wait and journey UNDERSTANDING ACCESS TO SHARED times). Understanding disability access to shared MOBILITY mobility services includes recognizing that the disability The accessibility of a complete trip can be defined in terms community has a diverse array of transportation needs. of an individual’s ability to plan for, and execute, a trip from Oakland residents with disabilities navigate the City origin to destination without gaps in the travel chain. The with mobility challenges, limited vision, limited hearing, links of this chain include: cognitive differences, chemical sensitivities, and varying • trip planning, combinations of these