Wheel, Rim and Tire Instructions
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What You Need to Know About Mounting Radial Tires on Classic Vehicle Rims
What You Need to Know About Mounting Radial Tires on Classic Vehicle Rims Over the past 100 years, tires, and the wheels that support them, have gone through significant changes as a result of technical innovations in design, technology and materials. No single factor affects the handling and safety of a car’s ride more than the tire and the wheel it is mounted on and how the two work together as a unit. One nagging question that has been the subject of a lot of anecdotal evidence, speculation, and even more widespread rumor is whether rims designed for Bias ply tires can handle the stresses placed on them by Radial ply tires. And the answer is - it depends. It depends on how the rim was originally designed and built as well as whether the rim has few enough cycles on it, and how it has been driven. But most importantly it depends upon the construction of the tire and how it transmits the vehicle's load to where the rubber meets the road. In this paper, we want to educate you on the facts - not the wives tales or just plain bad information - about how Bias and Radial tires differ in working with the rim to provide a safe ride. Why is there a possible rim concern between Radial and Bias Tires? The fitting of radial tires, to wheels and rims originally designed for bias tires, is an application that may result in rim durability issues. Even same-sized bias and radial tires stress a rim differently, despite their nearly identical dimensions. -
Blowout Resistant Tire Study for Commercial Highway Vehicles
Final Technical Report for Task Order No. 4 (DTRS57-97-C-00051) Blowout Resistant Tire Study for Commercial Highway Vehicles Z. Bareket D. F. Blower C. MacAdam The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute August 31,2000 Technical Report Documen~tationPage Table of Contents 1. Overview ..................... ..........................................................................................1 2 . Crash Data Analysis of Truck Tire Blowouts ........................................ 3 Truck tire blowouts in FARS (Fatality Analysis Reporting System) and TIFA (Trucks Involved in Fatal Accidents) ........................................................................................3 Truck tire blowouts in GES .........................................................................................8 Fatalities and injuries in truck tire blowout crashes ..................................................10 State data analysis ....................................................................................................10 Crashes related to truck tire debris ...........................................................................12 3 . Information Review of Truck Tire Blowouts .........................................................15 Literature Review ................. .............................................................................15 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, Rules and Notices ...................................21 Patent Database Research ....................... .. .......................................................23 -
Michelin: Socially Responsible Industrial Restructuring (Research Report)
Michelin: Socially Responsible Industrial Restructuring (Research Report) Professor Sandra J. Sucher and Research Associate Susan J. Winterberg* Introduction This report describes Michelin’s approach to socially responsible industrial restructuring.a The report was designed to serve two purposes—documentation and learning. The report provides documentation of Michelin’s practices in socially responsible industrial restructuring and contains an agreed upon description of Michelin’s planned, integrative, and humanistic approach. The report was also written as an opportunity for learning for Michelin’s leaders. The report traces the evolution in planning and practices that Michelin has used to conduct socially responsible restructuring over time. The resulting picture is both a view from the inside—told in the words and through the actions of Michelin’s managers—and a view from the outside—incorporating the reactions of stakeholders to Michelin’s restructuring approaches in various situations. Hopefully, it helps Michelin’s leaders assess where they have been and where they are headed in their evolving journey in socially responsible industrial restructuring. Michelin: Socially Responsible Industrial Restructuring Company Background Managing People at Michelin Industrial Restructuring at Michelin: Foundations and Evolution 2003–2013: Developing the ‘Ramp Down & Up Model’ of Restructuring 2013–Forward: Developing the New Restructuring Process Preparing the Annual Restructuring Plan Case Studies of Restructuring at Michelin Managing Stakeholders during Ramp Downs: Three Case Studies A Perfect Storm: Closing the Kleber Factory in Toul, France Closing a Truck Tire Factory in Budapest, Hungary Divestiture of a Rubber Plantation in Bahía, Brazil Managing Collaboration During Turnarounds: Two Case Studies Developing the Turnaround Option: Bourges, France A Beta-Test for Empowerment: Transforming the Roanne Factory, France Summary a Reviews Included: C. -
Tubeless-Ready Bead Tire Instructions Say Goodbye to Cold
TUBELESS-READY BEAD TIRE INSTRUCTIONS SAY GOODBYE TO COLD. SAY HELLO TO COMFORT. INTENDED USE 45North is built on real-world needs and knowledge. Our collection Studded tires: winter commuting, fatbiking and winter delivers unrivaled comfort and control through advanced technical off-road cycling. design and effective use of materials. We have more people who Fatbike tires: for bicycles that accommodate a 26 x 3.7" or larger ride more miles in colder weather than anywhere on the planet. tire, for winter off-road cycling. Enjoy. NOTE: 45North Studded tires are not intended for long-haul loaded WARNING: CYCLING CAN BE DANGEROUS. touring on pavement. BICYCLE PRODUCTS SHOULD BE INSTALLED AND SERVICED BY A PROFESSIONAL MECHANIC. NEVER MODIFY YOUR RIM COMPATIBILITY BICYCLE OR ACCESSORIES. READ AND FOLLOW ALL PRODUCT WARNING: Standard bead 45North tires are not tubeless ready. INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS INCLUDING INFORMATION ON THE MANUFACTURER’S WEBSITE. INSPECT YOUR BICYCLE Tire Width Outside Rim Width BEFORE EVERY RIDE. ALWAYS WEAR A HELMET. 30mm 20–25mm WARNING: Tires are a part of your bike that will wear out with 35mm 20–25mm use. Tires may pick up foreign objects such as glass or road debris that will puncture the tire and inner tube, causing a loss of air 38mm 20–28mm pressure and reduced ability to control or stop the bike, which 54mm (2.1") 25–35mm could lead to a crash resulting in serious injury or death. Before each ride check to ensure that your tires are in good condition, 60mm (2.35") 25–40mm properly seated on the rim, and properly inflated. -
Development of Recommended Guidelines for Preservation Treatments for Bicycle Routes
UC Davis Research reports Title Development of Recommended Guidelines for Preservation Treatments for Bicycle Routes Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72q3c143 Authors Li, H. Buscheck, J. Harvey, J. et al. Publication Date 2017 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California January 2017 Research Report: UCPRC-RR-2016-02 Development of Recommended Guidelines for Preservation Treatments for Bicycle Routes Version 2 Authors: H. Li, J. Buscheck, J. Harvey, D. Fitch, D. Reger, R. Wu, R. Ketchell, J. Hernandez, B. Haynes, and C. Thigpen Part of Partnered Pavement Research Program (PPRC) Strategic Plan Element 4.57: Development of Guidelines for Preservation Treatments for Bicycle Routes PREPARED FOR: PREPARED BY: California Department of Transportation University of California Division of Research, Innovation, and System Information Pavement Research Center Office of Materials and Infrastructure UC Davis, UC Berkeley TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVERNMENT ASSOCIATION 3. RECIPIENT’S CATALOG NUMBER UCPRC-RR-2016-02 NUMBER 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. REPORT PUBLICATION DATE Development of Recommended Guidelines for Preservation Treatments for Bicycle January 2017 Routes 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE 7. AUTHOR(S) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION H. Li, J. Buscheck, J. Harvey, D. Fitch, D. Reger, R. Wu, R. Ketchell, J. Hernandez, B. REPORT NO. Haynes, C. Thigpen 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. WORK UNIT NUMBER University of California Pavement Research Center Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UC Davis 1 Shields Avenue 11. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER Davis, CA 95616 65A0542 12. SPONSORING AGENCY AND ADDRESS 13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD California Department of Transportation COVERED Division of Research, Innovation, and System Information Research Report, May 2015 – P.O. -
Measuring Dynamic Properties of Bicycle Tires
Proceedings, Bicycle and Motorcycle Dynamics 2010 Symposium on the Dynamics and Control of Single Track Vehicles, 20 - 22 October 2010, Delft, The Netherlands Measuring Dynamic Properties of Bicycle Tires A. E. Dressel *, A. Rahman # * Civil Engineering and Mechanics # Civil Engineering and Mechanics University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee P.O. Box 784, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0784 P.O. Box 784, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0784 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Dynamic tire properties, specifically the forces and moments generated under different circum- stances, have been found to be important to motorcycle dynamics. A similar situation may be expected to exist for bicycles, but limited bicycle tire data and a lack of the tools necessary to measure it may contribute to its absence in bicycle dynamics analyses. This paper describes tools developed to measure these bicycle tire properties and presents some of the findings. Cornering stiffness, also known as sideslip and lateral slip stiffness, of either the front or rear tires, has been found to influence both the weave and wobble modes of motorcycles. Measuring this property requires holding the tire at a fixed orientation, camber and steer angles, with re- spect to the pavement and its direction of travel, and then measuring the lateral force generated as the tire rolls forward. Large, sophisticated, and expensive devices exist for measuring this characteristic of automobile tires. One device is known to exist for motorcycle tires, and it has been used at least once on bicycle tires, but the minimum load it can apply is approximately 200 pounds, nearly double the actual load carried by most bicycle tires. -
FAA Advisory Circular 20-97B
Subject: AIRCRAFT TIRE MAINTENANCE Date: 4/18/05 AC No.: 20-97B AND OPERATIONAL PRACTICES Initiated by: AFS-306 Change: 1. PURPOSE. This advisory circular (AC) provides recommended tire care and maintenance practices needed to assure the safety of support personnel and the continued airworthiness of aircraft. Specifically, this AC provides guidance on the installation, inflation, maintenance, and removal of aircraft tires. In addition, this AC provides guidance on those operational practices necessary to maintain safe aircraft operations. This AC is not mandatory and does not constitute a regulation. It is issued for guidance purposes and to outline acceptable tire maintenance and operational practices. In lieu of following this method without deviation, operators may elect to follow an alternative method that has also been found acceptable by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). 2. CANCELLATION. AC 20-97A, High-Speed Tire Maintenance and Operational Practices, dated May 13, 1987, is cancelled. 3. RELATED REGULATIONS AND DOCUMENTS. a. Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR): (1) Part 21, subpart O, Technical Standard Order Authorizations. (2) Part 23, Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, and Commuter Category Airplanes. (3) Part 25, Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes. (4) Part 27, Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Rotorcraft. (5) Part 29, Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Rotorcraft. (6) Part 43, Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alteration. (7) Part 145, Repair Stations. b. FAA ACs. Copies of the following ACs may be obtained from the U.S. Department of Transportation, Subsequent Distribution Center, Ardmore East Business Center, 3341 Q 75th Avenue, Landover, MD 20785, and may be downloaded at the following Web site: http://www.faa.gov/avr/afs/acs/ac-idx.htm. -
Exxon™ Butyl Rubber Innertube Technology Manual
Exxon™ butyl rubber Exxon™ butyl rubber innertube technology manual Country name(s) 2 - Exxon™ butyl rubber innertube technology manual Exxon™ butyl rubber innertube technology manual - 3 Abstract Many bias and radial tires have innertubes. Radial truck tube-type tires are particularly common, and in many instances, such as in severe service, off-road applications, are preferred over tubeless radial tire constructions. The technology requirements for tubes for such tires is, in many respects, equally demanding when compared to that for the tire and wheel in the assembly. This manual has been prepared to describe how butyl rubber is important in meeting the demanding performance requirements of tire innertubes. Representative innertube compound formulations and compound properties are discussed along with typical processing guidelines of the compound in the manufacture of innertubes. Chlorobutyl rubber based compound formulations are also used in innertubes. Such innertubes show good heat resistance, durability, allow greater flexibility in compounding, and process equally well as regular butyl rubber tube compounds. An extensive discussion of bicycle tire innertubes has been included. Service conditions can range from simple commuting and recreation to high speed competitive sporting applications. Like automobile and truck tire innertubes, tubes for bicycle tires can thus have demanding performance requirements. Guidelines on troubleshooting provide a checklist for the factory process engineer to enhance manufacturing efficiency, high -
The Effect of Rollover Protection Systems and Trailers on Quad Bike Stability
International Journal of Forest Engineering ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tife20 The effect of rollover protection systems and trailers on quad bike stability Björn Edlund , Ola Lindroos & Tomas Nordfjell To cite this article: Björn Edlund , Ola Lindroos & Tomas Nordfjell (2020) The effect of rollover protection systems and trailers on quad bike stability, International Journal of Forest Engineering, 31:2, 95-105, DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2020.1708067 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2020.1708067 © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 06 Jan 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 369 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tife20 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOREST ENGINEERING 2020, VOL. 31, NO. 2, 95–105 https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2020.1708067 The effect of rollover protection systems and trailers on quad bike stability Björn Edlund , Ola Lindroos and Tomas Nordfjell Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural, Sciences, Umeå, Sweden ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Quad bikes are light-weight vehicles which are used for transportation of personnel, equipment, and Received 26 June 2019 material in forestry operations such as planning, logging, planting, and fire-fighting. With increased Accepted 17 December 2019 quad bike usage, serious injuries have become an increasing concern. The most common forms of KEYWORDS severe incidents occur when a quad bike loses stability, causing injuries as it rolls over the rider trapped ATV; All-terrain vehicle; beneath. -
The New Zealand & Australian Experience with Central Tyre Inflation
TheThe NewNew ZealandZealand && AustralianAustralian ExperienceExperience withwith CentralCentral TyreTyre InflationInflation Neil Wylie Innovative Transport Equipment Ltd Log Transport Safety Council Tyre Development • 1846 – Robert William Thomson invented and patented the pneumatic tire • 1888 – First commercial pneumatic bicycle tire produced by Dunlop • 1889 – John Boyd Dunlop patented the pneumatic tire in the UK • 1890 – Dunlop, and William Harvey Du Cros began production of pneumatic tires in Ireland • 1890 – Bartlett Clincher rim introduced • 1891 – Dunlop's patent invalidated in favor of Thomson’s patent • 1892 – Beaded edge tires introduced in the U.S. • 1894 – E.J. Pennington invents the first balloon tire • 1895 – Michelin introduced pneumatic automobile tires • 1898 – Schrader valve stem patented • 1900 – Cord Tires introduced by Palmer (England) and BFGoodrich (U.S.) • 1903 – Goodyear Tire Company patented the first tubeless tire, however it was not introduced until 1954 • 1904 – Goodyear and Firestone started producing cord reinforced tires • 1904 – Mountable rims were introduced that allowed drivers to fix their own flats • 1908 – Frank Seiberling invented grooved tires with improved road traction • 1910 – BFGoodrich Company invented longer life tires by adding carbon black to the rubber • 1919 – Goodyear and Dunlop announced pneumatic truck tires[2] • 1938 – Goodyear introduced the rayon cord tire • 1940 – BFGoodrich introduced the first commercial synthetic rubber tire • 1946 – Michelin introduced the radial tire • -
Tubeless Kit Instructions
Tubeless Kit Instructions Hi there. Thanks for spending your hard-earned cash on this Surly product. Surly stuff is designed to be useful and durable. We’re confident it will serve you well for years to come. WARNING: Cycling can be dangerous. Bicycle products should be installed and serviced by a professional mechanic. Never modify your bicycle or accessories. Read and follow all product instructions and warnings including information on the manufacturer’s website. Inspect your bicycle before every ride. Always wear a helmet. For additional safety information about all Surly products visit: surlybikes.com/safety Tubeless Kit Compatibility and Intended Use This kit is intended to only be used with the Surly MOBD rims and tubeless ready tires. We recommend a Surly or 45NRTH tubeless ready tire for best performance. Parts Included • Surly nylon rim strip (qty 2) • Tubeless valve (qty 2) • Problem Solver valve nut (qty 2) • Whisky Tubeless Rim Tape 80mm wide Recommended for Installation • Surly MOBD rims • Tubeless compatible tire • Tubeless tire sealant and sealant injector Tools Needed • Scissors or blade • Rubbing alcohol • Safety glasses • Awl • Air compressor or high volume pump • Clean rag • Valve core removal tool Installation of the Tubeless Kit 1. Clean inner surface of rim thoroughly with lint free rag and rubbing alcohol. Any debris or residue left on rim could inhibit the tape from properly adhering to the rim and create an air leak. Allow rim to dry before moving on to the next step. 2. Install rim strip. Pull (wrestle) the rim strip on to the rim. Make sure that the strip is centered on the rim and that the valve hole lines up with the valve hole in the rim. -
Design \&Amp\; Weight Optimization of a Wheel Rim for Sport Utility Vehicle
MATEC Web of Conferences 172, 03006 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817203006 ICDAMS 2018 Design & Weight Optimization of a Wheel Rim for Sport Utility Vehicle. Harish Panjagala1, *, Balakrishna M2, Shasikant Kushnoore1 and E L N Rohit Madhukar3 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India – 522502. 2Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, G.I.E.T, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India. 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India – 522502. ABSTRACT. Automobile have various parts which are important for good running of the vehicle. The most important safety components from a structural point of view are the road wheels. They are required to be lighter and more fascinating to the buyer all the time. This implies that it's important to perform a lot of accurate strength assessment on wheel styles. The wheel rim plays a major role in vehicle dynamics. This paper deals with the design and model of different wheel rims based on weight optimization and also structural analysis has been carried out. It has been compared with standard values by varying two different materials. In addition, from the obtained outputs of simulations and the weight optimization, we suggested Aluminium alloys as most suitable material for SUV. Model is created by using SOLIDWORKS software 2015 and structural analysis & weight optimization is done by using ANSYS WORKBENCH 16.0. 1 INTRODUCTION by considered two different materials namely Aluminum and forged steel and their relative performances have A sport or suburban utility vehicle (SUV) is similar to a been observed respectively.