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The ELF Award 2008 Breathe editorial.qxd 21/11/2008 15:33 Page 2 The ELF Award 2008 The European Lung Foundation presents an annual award to a person who has made an outstanding effort to improve public health in the respiratory field. Previous prestigious recipients have worked in many different areas of public health, but two in particular have made a significant contribution to the fight against tobacco. These are Gro Harlem Brundtland, former Director-General of the World Health Organization, for launching the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; and Sir Richard Peto for his pioneering epidemiological studies on tobacco-related deaths and cancer prevention. In 2008, we again applaud the work of one man in the field of tobacco control: Michael Bloomberg, Mayor of New York City. Mayor Bloomberg received the award during the Annual Congress of the European Respiratory Society, in Berlin. He was the first to show the world that cities could become smoke-free, by introducing tobacco-free workplaces in New York. Furthermore, he has used this as an example for the world and donated $375 million for the fight against tobacco in developing countries, including several eastern European countries. During his visit to Berlin to receive the award, Mayor Bloomberg gave a presentation in which he demonstrated a burning will to defeat the spread of tobacco and to help save thousands of human lives from early death due to tobacco use. That presentation is printed here. The European Lung Foundation and the European Respiratory Society will work with Mayor Bloomberg and his foundation to help realise some his goals in the coming years. We hope you will all play your part too. Kai-Håkon Carlsen, ELF chair Breathe editorial.qxd 21/11/2008 15:33 Page 3 This is the text of a speech made by New York Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, recipient of the 2008 European Lung Foundation Award, to the European Respiratory Society Annual Congress in Berlin, on October 5, 2008. 'The responsibility for leadership falls most heavily on those with the means to exercise it' It's a great privilege for me to address this worldwide in the 21st century, deaths by j eminent international body, and also an stroke, by heart attack, and by the respiratory honour to be the first non-European to receive diseases, including lung cancer, that you, the the European Lung Foundation Award. Most of members of this Congress, work so diligently to the speakers at this Congress will address the treat and, ultimately, to cure. latest advances in medical research and treat- This would be a public health calamity of ment. I will certainly leave those subjects to the the first magnitude. But there is nothing experts. inevitable about its coming to pass. It can be M.R. Bloomberg Instead, I want to speak to you about what prevented - if governments around the world I am doing as a public official and as a private act now to head it off. The good news is that philanthropist, and about what you must do, we already know what we must do. The Mayor of New York City as researchers and physicians, even more vig- Framework Convention on Tobacco Control – orously and effectively than many of you are the first international public health treaty, today, to stop the leading cause of preventable developed by the 2003 recipient of the ELF death on the globe. One that is more deadly Award, Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland – has been than TB, AIDS, and malaria combined, one that ratified by more than 150 nations. kills 5 million people a year around the world: It maps out a clear course for reducing tobacco. tobacco use worldwide. Now the challenge is to This is a duty I have, as an elected leader turn its words on paper into realities. That's the and as a concerned citizen. It's a duty that as mission of the "Initiative to Reduce Tobacco doctors you have "sworn by Apollo" to make Use". Founded in 2005 - funded with an initial your sacred calling in life. If we do not redou- grant of $125 million from my foundation – it ble our efforts, the already appalling toll taken has worked with the World Health Organization, by tobacco is certain to grow much worse. the World Lung Foundation, the Bloomberg Because today, an epidemic of tobacco-related School for Public Health at Johns Hopkins deaths is unfolding in the developing nations University, and other partners to measure the of the world. They are where 70% of cigarettes scope and define the nature of the global are already consumed. tobacco epidemic, and to identify and advocate They're where tobacco companies are most public policy strategies that can defeat it. aggressively marketing their highly addictive Three months ago, our foundation made products to millions of new potential smokers, another $250 million, four-year investment in and where they're lobbying governments not the Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, which to implement effective tobacco control policies. has now also been joined by the Bill and If we fail to effectively counteract this mar- Melinda Gates Foundation. And, with the keting and lobbying onslaught, while also WHO, this year it also published the first com- reducing the still far-too-prevalent use of prehensive report on the global tobacco epi- tobacco in the US and in Europe, the conse- demic, which sets out what we call the quence will be: 1 billion premature deaths "M-POWER" agenda. Breathe | December 2008 | Volume 5 | No 2 117 Breathe editorial.qxd 21/11/2008 15:33 Page 4 ELF Award MPOWER is an acronym for six key policies smokers to quit smoking entirely rather than to for tobacco control by local and national govern- switch to cheaper brands. So this new tax didn't ments everywhere: just increase our City's revenues; it also produced • M for monitoring tobacco use and policies to maximum public health benefits. prevent it; Here are the results of all these efforts: today, • P for protecting people from tobacco smoke; there are 300,000 fewer smokers in our city than • O for offering people help to quit smoking; there were six years ago. That's 20% fewer smok- • W for warning about the dangers of tobacco; ers than in 2002. That translates into at least • E for enforcing bans on tobacco advertising, 100,000 fewer premature deaths. And smoking promotion and sponsorship; and among teenagers is down 52%. That could save • R for raising taxes on tobacco. even more lives in the years ahead. Yet as good MPOWER spells out how governments can as these results have been, they aren't good stop the tobacco epidemic. But I believe strongly enough. And as effective as our policies have that the best way to lead is not simply by exhor- been, they have been hampered by a lack of tation, but also by example. comparable action at the national level. In the area of tobacco control as well as on If the United States had joined the 150-plus another issue that this Congress is taking up – nations that have ratified the Framework global warming and its health effects – the need Convention on Tobacco Control. If our federal for action transcends all borders, and the respon- government had raised taxes on tobacco to sibility for leadership falls most heavily on those match the tax increases we've enacted locally. If, with the means to exercise it. In that vein, I'm as other nations do, we now required that ciga- quite proud of the example of leadership in rette packaging include graphic displays of the reducing tobacco use that we've set in New York health effects of smoking, then our progress in City over the past six-and-a-half years. New York would have been even greater. And the When we came into office, progress in reduc- result would be millions fewer smokers in our ing smoking was stalled. Between 1992 and nation today. 2002, the number of smokers in New York City The nations of Europe need to do more, too. had remained constant. Yet tobacco was the Today, there are an estimated 225 million smok- leading cause of death in our city – implicated in ers in Europe. In some European countries, includ- 10,000 completely preventable deaths every ing Russia, despite everything we know about its year. So we made reducing smoking our top pub- deadly consequences, the rate of smoking is actu- lic health priority. We attacked the problem on ally increasing. In fact, smoking leads to some 1.6 many fronts. million deaths across Europe every year. Six years ago, we made New York City smoke- Now, let me pose a hypothetical situation to free. We faced enormous opposition at the time. you. What do you think would happen if SARS, or We were told that tourists, from Europe in partic- the flu, or some other communicable disease epi- ular, would shun our city. But today, New Yorkers demic was wiping out a city the size of Belgrade, take our smoke-free law for granted. And interna- or Warsaw, or Vienna, every year, year after year? tional tourism, including from Europe, is at record- Can you imagine the anguish, the outrage, the high levels. At the time we enacted our law, only demands for action? But that is precisely the one of America's 50 states was smoke-free. Today, threat that tobacco presents to the people of the majority of Americans live in smoke-free juris- Europe. dictions. And around the world, cities such as And as European physicians, I believe you Paris and nations including Italy, Norway, the UK, have a heightened responsibility to do something Ireland, and Turkey have since followed suit.
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