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1 the Boys of Pointe Du Hoc by Senator Tom Cotton Introduction When Describing Major Military Undertakings, Writers Often Emphas
The Boys of Pointe du Hoc By Senator Tom Cotton Introduction When describing major military undertakings, writers often emphasize their immensity. Shakespeare in Henry V, for example, invites his audience to imagine the king’s massive fleet embarking on its invasion of Normandy in 1415. “You stand upon the rivage and behold,” the chorus intones, “A city on the inconstant billows dancing, / For so appears this fleet majestical.”1 Nearly 600 years later, the British military historian John Keegan described what he beheld as a 10-year-old schoolboy on June 5, 1944, when the night sky pulsed with the noise of prop engines. Its first tremors had taken my parents into the garden, and as the roar grew I followed and stood between them to gaze awestruck at the constellation of red, green and yellow lights, which rode across the heavens and streamed southward across the sea. It seemed as if every aircraft in the world was in flight, as wave followed wave without intermission . [W]e remained transfixed and wordless on the spot where we stood, gripped by a wild surmise of what power, majesty, and menace the great migratory flight could portend.2 Keegan did not know at the time that he was witnessing the Allies’ “great adventure” in Europe, as his nation’s General Bernard Montgomery called it. Somewhat more memorably, General Dwight Eisenhower dubbed it the “Great Crusade.” Operation Overlord had begun, and with it the fight to liberate Europe from Nazi tyranny. Both Keegan and Shakespeare stressed the massive scale of these cross-Channel invasions. -
Ranger Handbook) Is Mainly Written for U.S
SH 21-76 UNITED STATES ARMY HANDBOOK Not for the weak or fainthearted “Let the enemy come till he's almost close enough to touch. Then let him have it and jump out and finish him with your hatchet.” Major Robert Rogers, 1759 RANGER TRAINING BRIGADE United States Army Infantry School Fort Benning, Georgia FEBRUARY 2011 RANGER CREED Recognizing that I volunteered as a Ranger, fully knowing the hazards of my chosen profession, I will always endeavor to uphold the prestige, honor, and high esprit de corps of the Rangers. Acknowledging the fact that a Ranger is a more elite Soldier who arrives at the cutting edge of battle by land, sea, or air, I accept the fact that as a Ranger my country expects me to move further, faster, and fight harder than any other Soldier. Never shall I fail my comrades I will always keep myself mentally alert, physically strong, and morally straight and I will shoulder more than my share of the task whatever it may be, one hundred percent and then some. Gallantly will I show the world that I am a specially selected and well trained Soldier. My courtesy to superior officers, neatness of dress, and care of equipment shall set the example for others to follow. Energetically will I meet the enemies of my country. I shall defeat them on the field of battle for I am better trained and will fight with all my might. Surrender is not a Ranger word. I will never leave a fallen comrade to fall into the hands of the enemy and under no circumstances will I ever embarrass my country. -
COMMAND SERGEANT MAJOR (Retired) RICHARD E
COMMAND SERGEANT MAJOR (Retired) RICHARD E. MERRITT Command Sergeant Major (CSM) (R) Rick Merritt retired from active duty in the U.S. Army after serving almost 36 years since he entered the military in March of 1984. He and his family returned from South Korea in December 2018 after he served as the Command Senior Enlisted Leader (CSEL) (for all US Army Forces) advising the Commander, EIGHTH US ARMY for 3 ½ years. His last assignment before retirement was with the US Army Special Operations Command with duty at Hunter Army Airfield, attached to the 1st Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment. His first duty assignment in the Army after becoming an Infantryman was with Company C, 1st Battalion, 6th Infantry Regiment, Illesheim, Germany as a Rifleman and M60 Machine Gunner. CSM (R) Merritt served 25 years in the 75th Ranger Regiment. His initial service started with Company B, 3rd Ranger Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment at Fort Benning, Ga., as a Squad Automatic Rifleman, Fire Team Leader, Rifle Squad Leader, Weapons Squad Leader, and Rifle Platoon Sergeant. A follow-on assignment included one year with the Ranger Indoctrination Program at the 75th Ranger Regimental Ranger Training Detachment. In 1996, he was assigned to the Jungle Operations Training Battalion as a Senior Instructor and Team Sergeant at the U.S. Army Jungle School, Fort Sherman, Panama. He served there for 17 months and then was assigned to 1st Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment at Hunter Army Airfield in Savannah, GA as a Rifle Platoon Sergeant with Company B, the Battalion Intelligence and Operations Sergeant in Headquarters Company and as the First Sergeant of Company C. -
"When Someone Has Low Vision" Community Eye Health Journal Vol
MANAGING LOW VISION When someone has low vision Clare Gilbert Co-director, International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, Karin van Dijk London WC1E 7HT, UK; Clinical Advisor, Sightsavers. Karin van Dijk CBM global advisor on low vision; low vision consultant to Light for the World Netherlands and to Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology. Grutto 21, 7423CZ Deventer, The Netherlands. [email protected] As clinicians, being faced with a patient whose vision we cannot improve any further can make us feel like a failure. However, there are many ways to help such a person with low vision. Figure 1 shows the difficulties someone is likely to have, based on their distance visual acuity, and what support Teaching the use of an illuminated hand magnifier. PHILLIPINES they may be able to benefit from. These include optical devices, non-optical 2 Has all the medical, surgical, and optical Once you have established that the devices, advice on environmental modifi- treatment possible already been given? person does need low vision services, cations, and referral to rehabilitation and 3 Has the prognosis for vision been you can begin the low vision assessment. (special) educational services. confirmed by a medical professional? The following are the steps that In this article, we will show you how normally form part of a low vision If the answer to any of these questions is to assess a person with low vision and assessment: ‘no’, refer the person to the appropriate find out what it is they really want to be services, where possible. -
2 3Rd 25Th ANNUAL RANGER HALL of FAME
25th ANNUAL RANGER HALL OF FAME JUNE 28, 2017 FORT BENNING GEORGIA 2 3rd RANGER MEMORIAL Dedicated To All Rangers Past, Present, & Future Fort Benning, Georgia United States Army Ranger Hall of Fame 25th Annual Induction Ceremony June 28, 2017 NOMINATING COMMITTEE Airborne Rangers of the Korean War 75th Ranger Regiment Association Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade, The National Ranger Association 75th Ranger Regiment, The Ranger Regiment Association United States Army Ranger Association World Wide Army Ranger Association SELECTION COMMITTEE President - GEN (RET) William F. Kernan Commander, ARTB - COL Douglas G. Vincent Commander, 75th RGR RGT - COL Marcus S. Evans CSM, ARTB - CSM Victor A. Ballesteros CSM, 75th RGR RGT - CSM Craig A. Bishop Airborne Rangers of the Korean War Association 75th Ranger Regiment Association United States Army Ranger Association World Wide Army Ranger Association The members of the Ranger Hall of Fame Selection Board are proud to introduce the 2017 Ranger Hall of Fame inductees. The Ranger Hall of Fame began to honor and preserve the spirit and contributions of America’s most ex- traordinary Rangers in 1992. The members of the Ranger Hall of Fame Selection Board take meticulous care to ensure that only the most extraordinary Rangers earn induction, a difficult mission given the high caliber of all nom- inees. Their precepts are impartiality, fairness, and scrutiny. Select Ranger Units and associations representing each era of Ranger history impartially nominate induc- tees. The Selection Board scrutinizes each nominee to ensure only the most extraordinary contributions receive acknowledgement. Each Ranger association and U.S. Army MACOM may submit a maximum of 3 nominations per year. -
Ranger Company
The RangerSixth Company Look Sharp, Be Sharp, Stay Sharp by Eugene G. Piasecki VERITAS | 24 Issue 26 “The mission of a ranger company as prescribed by [the] Department of the Army is to infiltrate through enemy lines and attack command posts, artillery, tank parks and key communication centers or facilities.”1 The Korean War era hen the North Korean Peoples’ Army (NKPA) Ranger Flag (left) and invaded South Korea on 25 June 1950 the United the 6th RICA SSI. W States Army realized that its ability to defend and counterattack was extremely limited based on the massive demobilization of forces after World War II. Specialized units like the Rangers, Merrill’s Marauders, and First Special Service Force, trained to “take the war to the enemy” behind the lines by disrupting rear area operations and interdicting lines of supply and communication were deactivated by 1945. In July and August 1950, the Far East Command (FECOM) reacted to the situation in Korea by creating TDA units like the 8th Army Ranger Company and the General Headquarters (GHQ) Raiders from occupation forces already stationed in Japan. In September 1950, Army Chief of Staff General (GEN) J. Lawton Collins, announced his intent to activate and assign one Ranger Infantry Company (Airborne) [RICA] to every active U. S. Army and National Guard infantry division.2 The purpose of this article is to describe how one of these, the 6th RICA, MSG Eugene H. Madison was a WWII veteran of performed a deterrent role in Europe rather than a combat both the 101st Airborne assignment in Korea. -
One Hundred Sixteenth Congress of the United States of America
S. 743 One Hundred Sixteenth Congress of the United States of America AT THE SECOND SESSION Begun and held at the City of Washington on Friday, the third day of January, two thousand and twenty An Act To award a Congressional Gold Medal to the soldiers of the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), commonly known as ‘‘Merrill’s Marauders’’, in recognition of their bravery and outstanding service in the jungles of Burma during World War II. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Merrill’s Marauders Congres- sional Gold Medal Act’’. SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds that— (1) in August 1943, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and other Allied leaders proposed the creation of a ground unit of the Armed Forces that would engage in a ‘‘long-range penetration mission’’ in Japanese-occupied Burma to— (A) cut off Japanese communications and supply lines; and (B) capture the town of Myitkyina and the Myitkyina airstrip, both of which were held by the Japanese; (2) President Roosevelt issued a call for volunteers for ‘‘a dangerous and hazardous mission’’ and the call was answered by approximately 3,000 soldiers from the United States; (3) the Army unit composed of the soldiers described in paragraph (2)— (A) was officially designated as the ‘‘5307th Composite Unit (Provisional)’’ with the code name ‘‘Galahad’’; and (B) later became known as ‘‘Merrill’s Marauders’’ (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Marauders’’) in reference -
Black Hawk Down
Black Hawk Down A Story of Modern War by Mark Bowden, 1951- Published: 1999 J J J J J I I I I I Table of Contents Dedication & The Assault Black Hawk Down Overrun The Alamo N.S.D.Q. Epilogue Sources Acknowledgements J J J J J I I I I I For my mother, Rita Lois Bowden, and in memory of my father, Richard H. Bowden It makes no difference what men think of war, said the judge. War endures. As well ask men what they think of stone. War was always here. Before man was, war waited for him. The ultimate trade awaiting the ultimate practitioner. Cormac McCarthy, Blood Meridian The Assault 1 At liftoff, Matt Eversmann said a Hail Mary. He was curled into a seat between two helicopter crew chiefs, the knees of his long legs up to his shoulders. Before him, jammed on both sides of the Black Hawk helicopter, was his „chalk,“ twelve young men in flak vests over tan desert camouflage fatigues. He knew their faces so well they were like brothers. The older guys on this crew, like Eversmann, a staff sergeant with five years in at age twenty-six, had lived and trained together for years. Some had come up together through basic training, jump school, and Ranger school. They had traveled the world, to Korea, Thailand, Central America … they knew each other better than most brothers did. They‘d been drunk together, gotten into fights, slept on forest floors, jumped out of airplanes, climbed mountains, shot down foaming rivers with their hearts in their throats, baked and frozen and starved together, passed countless bored hours, teased one another endlessly about girlfriends or lack of same, driven out in the middle of the night from Fort Benning to retrieve each other from some diner or strip club out on Victory Drive after getting drunk and falling asleep or pissing off some barkeep. -
Ranger Handbook
SH 21-76 UNITED STATES ARMY RANGER HANDBOOK "NOT FOR THE WEAK OR FAINTHEARTED” RANGER TRAINING BRIGADE UNITED STATES ARMY INFANTRY SCHOOL FORT BENNING, GEORGIA APRIL 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS I RANGER CREED II STANDING ORDERS ROGER’S RANGERS III RANGER HISTORY IV RANGER TRAINING BRIGADE HISTORY CHAPTER 1 – LEADERSHIP PRINCIPLES OF LEADERSHIP 1-1 DUTIES/RESPONSIBILITIES 1-2 ASSUMPTION OF COMMAND 1-7 CHAPTER 2 – OPERATIONS TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES 2-1 COMBAT INTELLIGENCE 2-7 WARNING ORDER 2-8 OPERATIONS ORDER 2-11 FRAGMENTARY ORDER 2-17 ANNEXES 2-22 COORDINATION CHECKLISTS 2-29 DOCTRINAL TERMS 2-34 CHAPTER 3 – FIRE SUPPORT CAPABILITIES 3-2 CLOSE AIR SUPPORT 3-4 CALL FOR FIRE 3-5 CHAPTER 4 – MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES 4-2 TACTICAL MARCHES 4-6 DANGER AREAS 4-9 CHAPTER 5 – PATROLLING PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS 5-1 RECONNAISSANCE OPERATIONS 5-6 COMBAT PATROLS 5-13 AMBUSH 5-14 RAID 5-16 DEPARTURE/RE-ENTRY 5-25 LINK-UP 5-27 PATROL BASE 5-30 MOVEMENT TO CONTACT 5-34 CHAPTER 6 – BATTLE DRILLS PLATOON ATTACK 6-1 SQUAD ATTACK 6-5 REACT TO CONTACT 6-8 BREAK CONTACT 6-9 REACT TO AMBUSH 6-11 KNOCK OUT BUNKERS 6-12 ENTER/CLEAR A TRENCH 6-14 BREACH 6-19 CHAPTER 7 – COMMUNICATIONS AN/PRC-119 7-1 AN/PRC-126 7-3 CHAPTER 8 – ARMY AVIATION AIR ASSAULT 8-1 AIR ASSAULT FORMATIONS 8-3 PZ OPERATIONS 8-5 SAFETY 8-8 CHAPTER 9 – WATERBORNE OPERATIONS ONE ROPE BRIDGE 9-1 BOAT POSITIONS 9-8 EMBARKING/DEBARKING 9-11 LANDING SITE 9-11 RIVER MOVEMENT 9-13 FORMATIONS 9-14 CHAPTER 10 – MILITARY MOUNTAINEERING SPECIAL EQUIPMENT 10-1 KNOTS 10-2 BELAYS 10-8 TIGHTENING SYSTEMS 10-10 ROCK -
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Rangers WW2.Pdf
U.S. Army Military History Institute Rangers 950 Soldiers Drive Carlisle Barracks, PA 17013-5021 22 Jul 2011 U.S. ARMY RANGERS, WWII A Working Bibliography of MHI Sources CONTENTS General Sources.....p.1 Organization/Administration/Training......p.3 Mediterranean Theater......p.3 European Theater -General Sources.....p.4 -Dieppe.....p.5 Pacific......p.6 GENERAL SOURCES Bahmanyar, Mir. Shadow Warriors: A History of the US Army Rangers. NY: Osprey, 2005. 336 p. U262.B34. _____, & Welply, Michael. Darby’s Rangers, 1942-45. Botley, England: Osprey, 2003. 64 p. UA34.R36.B342. Beaumont, Roger A. Military Elites. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1974. pp. 59-51. UA15.5.B4. Black, Robert W. Papers. 20 Boxes. Arch. Materials gathered for publication of books on Rangers in WWII (published 1992) and Korea (published 1989). _____. Rangers in World War II. NY: Ivy, 1992. 429 p. D794.5.B52. Blumenson, Martin. "Darby." Army (Jan 1982): pp. 37-39 & 41. Per; and in Heroes Never Die: Warriors and Warfare in World War II. NY: Cooper Square, 2001. pp.223-29. D743.B58. Cole, Merle T. “Cape Cod Commando Training.” Military Collector & Historian (Summer 2006): pp. 95-101. Per. Darby, William O. "U.S. Rangers." n.p., 1944. Army & Navy Staff College, Wash, DC: 27 Oct 1944. 41 p. #108-1.1944a. Rangers, WWII p.2 Finlayson, Kenneth, & Jones, Robert W., Jr. “Rangers in World War II.” Veritas Part I-“The Formation and Early Days.” Vol. 2, No. 3 (2006): pp. 70-70; Part II-“Sicily and Italy.” Vol. 3, No. 1 (2007): pp. 49-58. Per. -
Comparison of Domestic and Foreign Genotypes by Country and Continent
INTERBULL BULLETIN NO. 49. Orlando, Florida, July 09 - 12, 2015 Comparison of Domestic and Foreign Genotypes by Country and Continent M.E. Tooker1, T.A. Cooper1, J. Dürr2 and P.M. VanRaden1 1Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA 2 Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding, Bowie, MD 20715, USA Abstract Genomic evaluations for foreign animals are easily computed, and reliabilities are highest for animals well connected to the domestic reference population and managed in similar environments. Genomic and pedigree relationships, inbreeding, pedigree completeness, pedigree accuracy and genomic merit were examined for 880 797 genotyped animals from 44 countries in the U.S. national database as of April 2015. For genotyped Holsteins from continents other than North America, >60% of sires were North American, and relationships to the reference population were nearly as high for the 203 637 foreign animals as for the 677 160 domestic animals. Pedigrees from all continents were fairly complete. About 94% of sires were reported by breeders, and half of the 6% of sires that were missing were discovered from genotypes. From 2 to 16% of animals had incorrect sires, and >80% of those errors were corrected. Genomic net merit across all continents was higher than conventional parent averages and the domestic genetic base of cows born in 2010. Countries with smaller dairy populations or without advanced data collection and breeding systems can obtain predictions from larger databases and for additional traits by exchanging genotypes across country borders, allowing animals from many countries to be evaluated together on the same scale.