The Chemistry of Brazilian Quiinaceae. 1. Constituents of Touroulia Guianensis and Lacunaria Jenmani

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

The Chemistry of Brazilian Quiinaceae. 1. Constituents of Touroulia guianensis and Lacunaria jenmani Otto R. Gottlieb ( 1), Mauro T. Magalhães (2), Geovane G. de Oliveira (3) e Arold<' Trainotti (3) The small family Ouiinaceae includes 4 The analysis of trunk wood of Touroulia genera (Froesia, Lacunaria, Quiina and Tou guianensis Aubl. revealed the presence of roulia) with 37 central and south american 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone [Corrêa et ai., species. Although generally included in the 1970], friedelan-3oc-o l and friedelin [Drake & Campbe li, 1936], s itosterol and ~-sitostenone subclass Dilleniidae, arder Theales [Cronquist, [Lavie & Kaye, 1963]. and syringaresinol 1968]. and considered derived from t he [Weinges, 1961] . Friedelin, sitosterol and Ochnaceae or the Theaceae, the family has syringaresinol were also isolated from the even been placed in the subclass Rosidae, trunk wood of Lacunaria jenmani Ducke. arder Linales, and considered derived from the While, thus, both genera appear to be Linaceae [Hegnauer, 1968]. Jt was hoped that close chemical relatives, the analysis fails to chemical data, lacking at present time, mzy indicate affinities of the family, since the help to clarify the presently uncertain system isolated constituents are of widespread atic position. occurrence in the plant kingdom. ( 1 l - Instituto de Oufmlca, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. ( 2 l - Centro de Tecnologia Agrícola e Alimentar, EMBRAPA, Rio de Janeiro. ( 3 l - lnsttiuto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte. ACTA AMAZONICA 7(2) - 291 lJTERAXURE CITED oxidative degradation o f friedelin. .J. Amer. Chem. Soe., 58 : 1681-1684 CORRÊA, D . DE B.; FONSECA E SILVA, L .G.; GorrLIEB, o R . & GONÇALVES, S.J. HEGN~UER, R. 1970 - Quinone and xanthone constituents of 1968 - Cbemotaxonomic der Pflanzen, v. 5, p. Kielmeycra. rupestris. Phytochemistry, 416, Birkhãuser Verlag, Base!. 9 : 447-541. LAVIE, D. & KAYE, I.A . CRONQUIST, A. 1963 - Isolation of f3-sitostenone from Quassia 1968 - The Evolution and Classification of amara. J. Chem. Soe., p . 5001-5002. Flowering Plants, p. 196, Nelson & Sons WEINGES, K . Ltda., London. 1961 - tlber einige neue Lignane und stereo ORAKE, N .L. & CAMPBELL, W.P. chemische Zusammenhãnge in der 1936 - Cerin and friedelin . III. Study of the Lignangruppe. Ber., 94 : 2522-2533. 292- ACTA AMAZONICA 7(2) .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

XVII International Botanical Congress – Abstracts
426 XVII International Botanical Congress – Abstracts CEPEC, Ilhéus, Brazil, 3University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, In this note the results of one-year-long observations on five MI, United States. natural populations, selected and sampled mainly in the N-NW Heteropterys is the largest genus of Malpighiaceae with ca. 140 Sardinia, are reported and the presence of Nymphaea in the island species. All species are found in the Neotropics except H. leona, is obviously confirmed. Through the study of flower, fruit and seed which occurs in both the Caribbean and coastal West Africa. The morphology, rhizome and leaf morphology and anatomy and from genus is characterized by a noteworthy synapomorphy: the dorsal first observations on phenology and reproductive biology, the wing of the samara is elongated and thickened along the abaxial attribution of the Sardinian “morphotypes” to the taxon N. alba is edge, and the lateral wings are strongly reduced or absent. A discussed. A citotaxonomic study, based on chromosome counts molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed on the genus from germinating seeds is also presented. using plastid (matK, nadhF, rbcL, trnL-F) and nuclear (nrITS, PHYC) sequence data. Independent and combined analyses show P1184. Diversity of putative nymphaealean waterplants in the similar results: the genus is monophyletic, and subgenus Lower Cretaceous of the Araripe Basin, Brazil Parabanisteria, subsections Aptychia and Stenophyllarion (subg. B. A. R. Mohr1, M. E. C. Bernardes-de-Oliveira2,3, C. M. Castro- Heteropterys), and series Metallophyllis (subg. Heteropterys) all Fernandes3; form well-supported clades. The series Madarophyllis are included 1Museum of Natural History, Institute of Palaeontology, 10 115 Berlin, with Metallophyllis clade and the subgenus Heteropterys and Germany, 2Laboratory of Geosciences, University Guarulhos, series Xanthopetalis not reveal a monophyletic group.
[Show full text]
REVISION of the ANGIOSPERM FAMILY QUIINACEAE (MALPIGHIALES) Taxonomy and Systematics Julio V
RA 1.1 REVISION OF THE ANGIOSPERM FAMILY QUIINACEAE (MALPIGHIALES) Taxonomy and Systematics Julio V. Schneider & Georg Zizka Senckenberg Research Institute Frankfurt and Goethe-University Frankfurt Motivation and Results • Result 1 Taxonomy (4 genera, 46 species), data on distribution and ecology Document and analyze biodiversity. • Result 2 Phylogeny, character evolution and historical biogeography Peculiar leaf venation and occurence of diverse sex distribution make the evolution • Result 3 Peculiar leaf venation a singular development in angiosperms of the family of general botanical interest. Contribution to SGN Program Portfolio The monograph contributes to all key questions B of RA 1.1., also relates to RAs 1.2, 1.3, 2.2 and Infrastructure. Monographs are essentially based on scientific collections and are a major tool to develop collections, to communicate their data and to „put them in value“. A C Monographs are a key task of scientific collections. The revision of Quiinaceae is one example of these fundamental scientific products of Senckenberg, of which a recent variety from plant, fungus and animal kingdoms is presented in front of the poster. 2 Dated phylogeny of Quiinaceae and analysis 1 Fruits of Quiinaceae. A: Quiina amazonica, B: of biogeographic history. Lacunaria crenata and C: Froesia diffusa. Box A: distribution of the genera and the area of the Lake Pebas wetlands in the Miocene. 3 Leaf venation in Quiinaceae. A: Froesia, B: Box B: areas used for ancestral area Lacunaria, C: Quiina, D: Touroulia. Note reconstruction (Schneider & Zizka 2017). extremely dense, parallel tertiary veins in A,B and D – unique in angiosperms. Outlook Monographs of taxonomic groups are the base of biodiversity research and conservation.
[Show full text]
The Genus Touroulia Aubl. (Quiinaceae)
Willdenowia 29 – 1999 227 GEORG ZIZKA & JULIO V. SCHNEIDER The genus Touroulia Aubl. (Quiinaceae) Abstract Zizka, G. & Schneider, J. V.: The genus Touroulia Aubl. (Quiinaceae). – Willdenowia 29: 227-234. 1999. – ISSN 0511-9618. Morphology, distribution, and leaf venation of the two species of Touroulia Aubl. (T. amazonica, T. guianensis) are described, and a key to the species is provided. Introduction The neotropical genus Touroulia (Quiinaceae) comprises two species, T. amazonica and T. guianensis. T. guianensis, described in 1775 by F. Aublet, is widespread in northern South America and comparatively well documented in herbarium collections. Touroulia amazonica was described in 1950 by J. M. Pires and even today only a few collec- tions of this species exist. Within the family Quiinaceae, the genus Touroulia is easily distin- guished from the other genera (Froesia, Lacunaria, Quiina) by the combination of the following characters: leaves pinnate, flowers androdioecious, gynoecium syncarpous and seeds villous. The leaf and stem anatomy provide additional characters (Gottwald & Parameswaran 1967, Roth 1973). Delimitation of the genus The very characteristic and unique leaf venation of Touroulia guianensis and various other Quiinaceae has been investigated and described by Hallier (1912), Foster (1950a, 1950b, 1951) and Roth (1996). T. amazonica has principally the same craspedodromous leaf venation as T. guianensis with numerous densely spaced and ± parallel running tertiary veins. Size and branch- ing pattern of the tertiary veins (of the leaflets) are similar in these species too and differ from those observed in the other genera of Quiinaceae. This fact supports a closer relationship of the two species. A noteworthy difference between them is that in T.
[Show full text]
Phylogeny of the Eudicots : a Nearly Complete Familial Analysis Based On
KEW BULLETIN 55: 257 - 309 (2000) Phylogeny of the eudicots: a nearly complete familial analysis based on rbcL gene sequences 1 V. SAVOLAINENI.2, M. F. FAyl, D. c. ALBACHI.\ A. BACKLUND4, M. VAN DER BANK ,\ K. M. CAMERON1i, S. A. ]e)H;-.;so:--.;7, M. D. LLWOI, j.c. PINTAUDI.R, M. POWELL', M. C. SHEAHAN 1, D. E. SOLTlS~I, P. S. SOLTIS'I, P. WESTONI(), W. M. WHITTEN 11, K.J. WCRDACKI2 & M. W. CHASEl Summary, A phylogenetic analysis of 589 plastid rbcl. gene sequences representing nearly all eudicot families (a total of 308 families; seven photosynthetic and four parasitic families are missing) was performed, and bootstrap re-sampling was used to assess support for clades. Based on these data, the ordinal classification of eudicots is revised following the previous classification of angiosperms by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) , Putative additional orders are discussed (e.g. Dilleniales, Escalloniales, VitaiRs) , and several additional families are assigned to orders for future updates of the APG classification. The use of rbcl. alone in such a large matrix was found to be practical in discovering and providing bootstrap support for most orders, Combination of these data with other matrices for the rest of the angiosperms should provide the framework for a complete phylogeny to be used in macro evolutionary studies, !:--':TRODL'CTlON The angiosperms are the first division of organisms to have been re-classified largely on the basis of molecular data analysed phylogenetically (APG 1998). Several large scale molecular phylogenies have been produced for the angiosperms, based on both plastid rbcL (Chase et al.
[Show full text]
Phylogenomics and a Posteriori Data Partitioning Resolve the Cretaceous Angiosperm Radiation Malpighiales
Phylogenomics and a posteriori data partitioning resolve the Cretaceous angiosperm radiation Malpighiales Zhenxiang Xia, Brad R. Ruhfela,b, Hanno Schaefera,c, André M. Amorimd, M. Sugumarane, Kenneth J. Wurdackf, Peter K. Endressg, Merran L. Matthewsg, Peter F. Stevensh, Sarah Mathewsi,1, and Charles C. Davisa,1 aDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA 02138; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475; cBiodiversitaet der Pﬂanzen, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, D-85354 Freising, Germany; dDepartamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, 45.662-900, Bahia, Brazil; eRimba Ilmu Botanic Garden, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; fDepartment of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013; gInstitute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland; hDepartment of Biology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO 63166; and iArnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02131 Edited by Robert K. Jansen, University of Texas, Austin, TX, and accepted by the Editorial Board September 11, 2012 (received for review April 6, 2012) The angiosperm order Malpighiales includes ∼16,000 species and mental, and genomic investigations of ﬂowering plants, but also constitutes up to 40% of the understory tree diversity in tropical rain for crop improvement. forests. Despite remarkable progress in angiosperm systematics dur- Despite substantial progress
[Show full text]
Advances in the Floral Structural Characterization of the Major Subclades of Malpighiales, One of the Largest Orders of Flowering Plants
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2013 Advances in the floral structural characterization of the major subclades of Malpighiales, one of the largest orders of flowering plants Endress, Peter K ; Davis, Charles C ; Matthews, Merran L DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mct056 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-78190 Journal Article Published Version Originally published at: Endress, Peter K; Davis, Charles C; Matthews, Merran L (2013). Advances in the floral structural characterization of the major subclades of Malpighiales, one of the largest orders of flowering plants. Annals of Botany, 111(5):969-985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mct056 Annals of Botany 111: 969–985, 2013 doi:10.1093/aob/mct056, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org Advances in the ﬂoral structural characterization of the major subclades of Malpighiales, one of the largest orders of ﬂowering plants Peter K. Endress1,*, Charles C. Davis2 and Merran L. Matthews1 1Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland and 2Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 28 November 2012 Revision requested: 21 December 2012 Accepted: 24 January 2013 Published electronically: 13 March 2013 † Background and Aims Malpighiales are one of the largest angiosperm orders and have undergone radical sys- tematic restructuring based on molecular phylogenetic studies. The clade has been recalcitrant to molecular Downloaded from phylogenetic reconstruction, but has become much more resolved at the suprafamilial level.
[Show full text]
Explosive Radiation of Malpighiales Supports a Mid-Cretaceous Origin of Modern Tropical Rain Forests
vol. 165, no. 3 the american naturalist march 2005 E-Article Explosive Radiation of Malpighiales Supports a Mid-Cretaceous Origin of Modern Tropical Rain Forests Charles C. Davis,1,* Campbell O. Webb,2,† Kenneth J. Wurdack,3,‡ Carlos A. Jaramillo,4,§ and Michael J. Donoghue2,k 1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Keywords: biome evolution, fossils, K/T boundary, Malpighiales, pe- Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287; nalized likelihood, tropical rain forest. 2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208106, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; 3. Department of Botany and Laboratories of Analytical Biology, Modern tropical rain forests are one of the most important Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, National Museum of and species rich biomes on the planet. They can be defined Natural History, MRC-166, Washington DC 20013-7012; 4. Biostratigraphy Team, Instituto Colombiano del Petro´leo, AA as having a stratified closed canopy, as receiving abundant 4185, Bucaramanga, Colombia precipitation, as experiencing equable temperatures, and as containing woody angiosperm species, at least in the Submitted May 12, 2004; Accepted October 27, 2004; understory (Richards 1996; Whitmore 1998; Morley 2000). Electronically published February 1, 2005 During the past 20 years the view has become widespread that the expansion and diversification of this vegetation type occurred principally during the past 65 million years, following the mass extinction event at the Cretaceous- abstract: Fossil data have been interpreted as indicating that Late Tertiary (K/T) boundary (∼65 Ma [Tiffney 1984; Wing Cretaceous tropical forests were open and dry adapted and that mod- and Boucher 1998; Morley 2000; Johnson and Ellis 2002; ern closed-canopy rain forest did not originate until after the Ziegler et al.
[Show full text]
Taxonomie Novelties III the Neotropieal Genus Quiina Aubi
Taxonomie novelties III the neotropieal genus Quiina Aubi. (Quiinaeeae) JULIO VALENTIN SCHNEIDER & GEORGZIZKA ABSTRACT SCHNEIDER, J. V. & G. ZIZKA (2003). Taxonomie novelties in the neotropical gel1lls Quiina Aubl. (Quiinaceae). Candollea 58: 461-471. In English, English and French abstracts. During a forthcoming familial revision, five new species (Q. attenua/a J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. ben)'i 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. cidiana 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. genli)'i J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. piresii 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka) of the neotropical gemls Quiina Aubl. (Quiinaceae) are described and illustrated. RÉSUMÉ SCHNEIDER, 1. V. & G. ZIZKA (2003). Nouveautés taxonomiques dans le genre néotropical Quiina Aubl. (Quiinaceae). Candollea 58: 461-471. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. Dans le cadre d'une révision de la famille des Quiinaceae, cinq espéces nouvelles (Q. attenua/a J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. benyi 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. cidiana 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. genliyi J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. piresii J. V. Schneid. & Zizka) du genre néotropical Quiina Aubl. sont décrites et illustrées. KEY-WORDS: Malpighiales - Taxonomy. Introduction Quiinaceae is a small neotropical family of trees and shrubs, encompassing four genera (Froesia, Lacunaria, Quiina, Touroulia) and about 51 species. Quiina Aubl. is the largest gemls of the family, comprising 31 species distributed from Belize to southern Brazil and Bolivia, inciuding the Caribbean islands Jamaica and Trinidad, with the bulk of the species occulTing in the Guayana and Amazon region. They are geùerally confined to lowland rain forests, often being locally abundant in the forest understorey, and rarely exceed altitudes of 1000 m.
[Show full text]
Uma Sinopse De Lacunaria Ducke
Uma sinopse de Lacunaria Ducke. Antônio Elielson Sousa da ROCHA1, Ricardo de S. SECCO2 RESUMO Lacunaria Ducke é um gênero tropical, com oito espécies, a maioria com centro de distribuição na Amazônia brasileira. Desde o tratamento feito por Ducke, na terceira década do século XX, as espécies não foram revisadas taxonomicamente. Uma sinopse do gênero, incluindo chave de identificação, descrições, sinonímias, comentários taxonômicos e distribuição geográfica das espécies é apresentada. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Quiinaceae, Lacunaria, Taxonomia. A synopsis of the Lacunaria Ducke. ABSTRACT Lacunaria Ducke is a tropical genus with eight species, most of these distributed in Brazilian Amazon. Since the treatment by Ducke, in the third decade of 20th century, these species have not been revised taxonomically. A synopsis of the genus, including an identification key, short descriptions, synonymy, taxonomic comments and geographical species distribution is presented. KEY WORDS Quiinaceae, Lacunaria, taxonomy. INTRODUÇÃO Além das características citadas por Ducke na delimitação do gênero, Smith (1939) chamou a atenção para mais três: Lacunaria Ducke (Quiinaceae) possui oito espécies, folhas constantemente verticiladas, sépalas desiguais e todas distribuídas na América tropical, tendo como centro estiletes mais de dois, além de descrever uma outra espécie de diversidade a Amazônia brasileira. (L. coriacea A.C. Sm.) e transferir para Lacunaria, três Ao descrever o gênero, Ducke (1925) o distinguiu dos espécies publicadas anteriormente como Quiina Aubl. (L. demais da família por apresentar estípulas bem crenata (Tul.) A.C. Sm., L. macrostachya (Tul.) A.C. Sm., e desenvolvidas, folhas verticiladas, lóculos contendo látex no L. silvatica (Pulle) A.C. Sm.). pericarpo, cotilédones mais planos e finos, e endosperma Após a publicação de Smith (1939), pouco foi alterado mais espesso.
[Show full text]
Taxonomie Novelties III the Neotropieal Genus Quiina Aubi
Taxonomie novelties III the neotropieal genus Quiina Aubi. (Quiinaeeae) JULIO VALENTIN SCHNEIDER & GEORGZIZKA ABSTRACT SCHNEIDER, J. V. & G. ZIZKA (2003). Taxonomie novelties in the neotropical gel1lls Quiina Aubl. (Quiinaceae). Candollea 58: 461-471. In English, English and French abstracts. During a forthcoming familial revision, five new species (Q. attenua/a J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. ben)'i 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. cidiana 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. genli)'i J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. piresii 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka) of the neotropical gemls Quiina Aubl. (Quiinaceae) are described and illustrated. RÉSUMÉ SCHNEIDER, 1. V. & G. ZIZKA (2003). Nouveautés taxonomiques dans le genre néotropical Quiina Aubl. (Quiinaceae). Candollea 58: 461-471. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. Dans le cadre d'une révision de la famille des Quiinaceae, cinq espéces nouvelles (Q. attenua/a J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. benyi 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. cidiana 1. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. genliyi J. V. Schneid. & Zizka, Q. piresii J. V. Schneid. & Zizka) du genre néotropical Quiina Aubl. sont décrites et illustrées. KEY-WORDS: Malpighiales - Taxonomy. Introduction Quiinaceae is a small neotropical family of trees and shrubs, encompassing four genera (Froesia, Lacunaria, Quiina, Touroulia) and about 51 species. Quiina Aubl. is the largest gemls of the family, comprising 31 species distributed from Belize to southern Brazil and Bolivia, inciuding the Caribbean islands Jamaica and Trinidad, with the bulk of the species occulTing in the Guayana and Amazon region. They are geùerally confined to lowland rain forests, often being locally abundant in the forest understorey, and rarely exceed altitudes of 1000 m.
[Show full text]
A Central Amazonian Terra Firme Forest. I. High Tree Species Richness
Biodiversity and Conservation 8: 1219–1244, 1999. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. A central Amazonian terra ﬁrme forest. I. High tree species richness on poor soils ALEXANDRE A. DE OLIVEIRA1,3,∗ and SCOTT A. MORI2 1Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências. CP 11461. São Paulo-SP. 05422-970 Brazil; 2Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126, USA; 3Present address: Universidade Paulista- UNIP. Lab. Botânica. Herbário. Av. Paulista 900, 1a andar, Bela Vista, ∗ São Paulo-SP, Brazil 01310-100; Author for correspondence (fax (011) 251-0171; e-mail: [email protected]) Received: 13 August 1998; accepted in revised form 8 January 1999 Abstract. Tree size, density, and species richness were established for three one-hectare plots of terra ﬁrme forest in central Amazonian Brazil. In the three hectares, 1916 individual trees with DBH ≥10 cm were sampled. A total of 58 families, 181 genera, and 513 species were determined. Hectare A had 285 species, 138 genera, and 47 families; hectare B 280 species, 123 genera, and 48 families; and hectare C 280 species, 125 genera, and 44 families. Comparably high species richness in Amazonia has heretofore only been reported from western Amazonia. This dispels the idea that high species richness can only develop in areas with rich soils and relatively high rainfall. It is suggested that such high species richness is the result of a combination of habitat heterogeneity and geological history. These high diversity forests, because they occur on nutrient poor soils, can be protected with little or no impact on development in the region because the soils are essentially useless for agriculture and for supporting long-term cattle pasture.
[Show full text]